WO2017092636A1 - 具有三级索引结构的海图数据库及其数据读取方法 - Google Patents

具有三级索引结构的海图数据库及其数据读取方法 Download PDF

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WO2017092636A1
WO2017092636A1 PCT/CN2016/107492 CN2016107492W WO2017092636A1 WO 2017092636 A1 WO2017092636 A1 WO 2017092636A1 CN 2016107492 W CN2016107492 W CN 2016107492W WO 2017092636 A1 WO2017092636 A1 WO 2017092636A1
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chart
index
display area
target display
index information
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PCT/CN2016/107492
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French (fr)
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王娜
钟国权
李霞
徐韬
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深圳大学
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/50—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of still image data
    • G06F16/51—Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a chart data index, in particular to a chart database with a three-level index structure and a data reading method thereof.
  • the chart display process involves reading the chart data in the chart database.
  • the chart database includes several charts, each of which contains a large number of objects of different types, so the chart database involves a huge amount of data.
  • the traditional chart database does not design the chart index and the object classification index, the chart data reading is slower and the chart display speed is low.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to propose a chart database with a three-level index structure and a data reading method thereof to improve the reading speed of the chart data.
  • the present invention is implemented as follows: a chart database having a three-level index structure, the chart database includes a plurality of charts, and the chart database has a chart index; the chart index includes index information of each chart, and a chart
  • the index information includes coverage area information of the chart; each chart has its own internal index; the internal index includes a target classification index and a target index; and the object classification index includes each object in the corresponding chart Index information of the type; the index information of the object type includes a classification attribute of the object type; the object index includes index information of each object of the corresponding object type; and the index information of the object includes the feature attribute of the object.
  • the index information of the chart further includes at least one of a chart number, a scale denominator, a reference latitude radius, a coordinate multiplication coefficient, and a water depth multiplication coefficient.
  • the index information of each chart is sorted from small to large according to the scale denominator; when the index information of the new chart is imported into the chart index, according to the index of the new chart
  • the scale denominator size in the information and the collation of the index information in the chart index import the index information of the new chart into the chart index.
  • index information of the object type further includes location, length, and number information of the type object.
  • the feature attribute includes at least one of a length, a position, a geometric type, a belonging area, a reference space object number, a space object mark, a direction, and a space object mark position of the object mark.
  • a data reading method for a chart database having a three-level index structure includes a plurality of charts, and the chart database has a chart index; the chart index includes index information of each chart, and an index of the chart The information includes coverage area information of the chart; each chart has its own internal index; the internal index includes a target classification index and a target index; and the object classification index includes each object type in the corresponding chart.
  • the method includes the following steps:
  • Step 1 reading the chart index and determining the positional relationship between the coverage area of each chart in the chart database and the target display area;
  • Step 2 using each chart that does not deviate from the coverage area from the target display area as a related chart of the target display area; the index information of each related chart forms a related sea atlas directory;
  • Step 3 reading each related chart from the chart database according to the relevant sea atlas directory, and extracting a portion of each related chart in the target display area to draw a chart of the target display area;
  • Step 4 Searching for the object classification index and the object index of the corresponding chart according to the classification attribute and the feature attribute of the object object to be displayed in the target display area, so as to locate the object object to be displayed and display it.
  • the coverage area and the target display area of the chart are represented by maximum latitude, minimum latitude, maximum longitude and minimum longitude; in the step 1, the maximum latitude, minimum latitude, maximum longitude and minimum according to the coverage area of each chart are The relationship between the longitude, the minimum latitude, the maximum longitude and the minimum longitude of the longitude and the target display area is used to determine the positional relationship between the coverage area of each chart and the target display area in the chart database.
  • the maximum latitude, the minimum latitude, the maximum longitude, and the minimum longitude of the target display area are respectively maxlat X, minlat X, maxlon X, minlon X; the maximum latitude, minimum latitude, maximum longitude and minimum longitude of the coverage area of the i-th chart are maxlat i, minlat i, maxlon i, minlon i; then:
  • the coverage area of the ith chart is separated from the target display area when one of the following conditions is met:
  • the coverage area of the i-th chart is included in the target display area:
  • the target display area is included in the coverage area of the i-th chart:
  • the rest of the situation is that the target display area intersects the coverage area of the ith chart.
  • the present invention designs a chart index in a chart database, and a chart can be retrieved through a chart index.
  • the internal index of each chart is designed.
  • the internal index includes the object classification index and the object index in the corresponding chart.
  • the objects corresponding to the chart are searched according to the classification attribute and feature attribute of the object object to be displayed in the target display area. By indexing the index and the object index, you can locate the object you want to display and display it. Through this three-level index structure, the reading speed of the chart data is greatly improved, thereby improving the display speed of the chart.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-level index structure of a chart database with a three-level index structure according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the data reading process of the chart database with a three-level index structure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a three-level index structure of the chart database with a three-level index structure.
  • the chart database with three-level index structure includes several charts, the chart database has a chart index 1, and the chart index 1 includes various charts (nautical chart 1, chart 2, chart 3, ..., chart) n) index information, the index information of the chart includes the coverage area information of the chart. Charts 1 can be used to find charts that match the query criteria. At the same time, each chart has its own internal index, and the internal index of each chart can be further searched through the internal index of each chart.
  • the internal index includes the object classification index 2 and the object index 3.
  • the object classification index includes index information of each object type in the corresponding chart, and the index information of the object type includes the classification attribute of the object type.
  • the object index 3 includes index information of each object of its corresponding object type, and the index information of the object includes the feature attribute of the object. Through the object index 3, the position of the object in the corresponding chart corresponding to the query condition can be finally found, so that it is read and displayed in the chart.
  • the internal index of each chart and the chart index 1 together constitute a three-level index structure of the chart database.
  • the chart index 1 can quickly locate the chart, and the internal index of the chart can quickly locate the features inside the chart. Standard and space objects to achieve fast reading of chart data.
  • the internal index of chart 1 is shown in FIG.
  • the internal index of other charts is the same as the internal index structure of Chart 1.
  • the chart 1 includes a total of n types of objects, and the object classification index 2 of the chart 1 includes index information of the first type object, index information of the second type object, ..., and index information of the nth object.
  • the first type of object further includes n objects, and the object index 3 of the first type object includes index information of the object 1, index information of the object 2, ..., and index information of the object n.
  • the index information of the chart may also include a chart number, a scale denominator, a reference latitude radius, a coordinate multiplication coefficient, a water depth multiplication coefficient, and the like.
  • the chart with a large scale shows more detailed information and should be given priority when the chart is displayed. Therefore, on the basis of this three-level index structure, the index information of each chart can be sorted from small to large according to the scale denominator.
  • the scale denominator size in the index information of the graph and the sorting rule of the index information in the chart index 1 import the index information of the new chart into the chart index 1.
  • the index information of the object type also includes the position, length and number information of the type object.
  • the feature attributes include the length, position, geometry type, area of the object, the number of reference space objects, the space object, the direction, and the space object position. These index information can also be used as a query condition for the object.
  • the data reading method for the chart database having the above three-level index structure includes the following steps:
  • Step S1 reading the chart index 1 and determining the positional relationship between the coverage area of each chart in the chart database and the target display area;
  • Step S2 using each chart that does not deviate from the coverage area from the target display area as a related chart of the target display area; the index information of each related chart forms a related sea atlas directory;
  • Step S3 reading each related sea chart from the chart database according to the related sea atlas catalogue, and extracting a part of each related chart in the target display area to draw a chart of the target display area;
  • Step S4 Searching for the object classification index 2 and the object index 3 of the corresponding chart according to the classification attribute and the feature attribute of the object object to be displayed in the target display area, so as to locate the object object to be displayed and display it.
  • the coverage area of the chart and the target display area are represented by maximum latitude, minimum latitude, maximum longitude and minimum longitude.
  • the nautical chart database may be judged according to the relationship between the maximum latitude, the minimum latitude, the maximum longitude and the minimum longitude of the coverage area of each chart and the maximum latitude, minimum latitude, maximum longitude and minimum longitude of the target display area. The positional relationship between the coverage area and the target display area.
  • the maximum latitude, minimum latitude, maximum longitude and minimum longitude of the target display area be maxlat X, minlat respectively.
  • X, maxlon X, minlon X; the maximum latitude, minimum latitude, maximum longitude and minimum longitude of the coverage area of the i-th chart are maxlat i, minlat i, maxlon i, minlon i; then:
  • the coverage area of the ith chart is separated from the target display area when one of the following conditions is met:
  • the coverage area of the i-th chart is included in the target display area:
  • the target display area is included in the coverage area of the i-th chart:
  • the rest of the situation is that the target display area intersects the coverage area of the ith chart.

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Abstract

本发明涉及海图数据索引，尤其涉及一种具有三级索引结构的海图数据库及其数据读取方法。本发明在海图数据库中设计海图索引，通过海图索引可检索到海图。同时，设计了各海图的内部索引，内部索引包括对应海图内的物标分类索引及物标索引，根据目标显示区域中需要显示的物标的分类属性及特征属性依次查找对应海图的物标分类索引及物标索引，即可定位需要显示的物标，并将其显示。通过这种三级索引结构大大提高了海图数据的读取速度，从而提高了海图显示速度。

Description

具有三级索引结构的海图数据库及其数据读取方法 技术领域
本发明涉及海图数据索引，尤其涉及一种具有三级索引结构的海图数据库及其数据读取方法。
背景技术
海图显示过程涉及对海图数据库中海图数据的读取。海图数据库中包括若干海图，各海图中又包括不同类型的大量物标，因此海图数据库涉及庞大的数据量。但传统的海图数据库由于没有设计海图索引及物标分类索引，导致海图数据读取较慢，海图显示速度低下。
技术问题
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提出一种具有三级索引结构的海图数据库及其数据读取方法，以提高对海图数据的读取速度。
技术解决方案
本发明是这样实现的：一种具有三级索引结构的海图数据库，海图数据库包括若干海图，海图数据库具有海图索引；所述海图索引包括各海图的索引信息，海图的索引信息包括海图的覆盖区域信息；各海图分别具有各自的内部索引；所述内部索引包括物标分类索引及物标索引；所述物标分类索引包括其对应海图内各物标类型的索引信息；物标类型的索引信息包括物标类型的分类属性；所述物标索引包括其对应物标类型的各物标的索引信息；物标的索引信息包括物标的特征属性。
进一步地，海图的索引信息还包括海图编号、比例尺分母、基准纬圈半径、坐标倍乘系数、水深倍乘系数中的至少一个。
进一步地，所述海图索引中，各海图的索引信息按比例尺分母由小到大排序；当有新的海图的索引信息导入所述海图索引时，根据该新的海图的索引信息中的比例尺分母大小及所述海图索引中索引信息的排序规则将该新的海图的索引信息导入所述海图索引。
进一步地，物标类型的索引信息还包括该类型物标的位置、长度及个数信息。
进一步地，所述特征属性包括物标的长度、位置、几何类型、所属区域、参考空间物标个数、空间物标、方向、空间物标位置中的至少一个。
一种具有三级索引结构的海图数据库的数据读取方法，海图数据库包括若干海图，海图数据库具有海图索引；所述海图索引包括各海图的索引信息，海图的索引信息包括海图的覆盖区域信息；各海图分别具有各自的内部索引；所述内部索引包括物标分类索引及物标索引；所述物标分类索引包括其对应海图内各物标类型的索引信息；物标类型的索引信息包括物标类型的分类属性；所述物标索引包括其对应物标类型的各物标的索引信息；物标的索引信息包括物标的特征属性；
所述方法包括如下步骤：
步骤1：读取所述海图索引，并判断海图数据库中各海图的覆盖区域与目标显示区域的位置关系；
步骤2：将覆盖区域与所述目标显示区域不相离的各海图作为所述目标显示区域的相关海图；各相关海图的索引信息形成相关海图集目录；
步骤3：根据相关海图集目录从海图数据库中读取各相关海图，并提取各相关海图中处于所述目标显示区域内的部分，以绘制所述目标显示区域的海图；
步骤4：根据所述目标显示区域中需要显示的物标的分类属性及特征属性依次查找对应海图的物标分类索引及物标索引，以定位需要显示的物标，并将其显示。
进一步地，海图的覆盖区域及目标显示区域以最大纬度、最小纬度、最大经度及最小经度表示；所述步骤1中，根据各海图的覆盖区域的最大纬度、最小纬度、最大经度及最小经度与目标显示区域的最大纬度、最小纬度、最大经度及最小经度的关系判断海图数据库中各海图的覆盖区域与目标显示区域的位置关系。
进一步地，设目标显示区域的最大纬度、最小纬度、最大经度及最小经度分别为maxlat X、minlat X、maxlon X、minlon X；第i幅海图的覆盖区域的最大纬度、最小纬度、最大经度及最小经度分别为maxlat i、minlat i、maxlon i、minlon i；则：
当满足下列条件之一时，第i幅海图的覆盖区域与目标显示区域相离：
Maxlat X≤ minlati；
Minlat X≥ maxlati；
Maxlon X≤ minloni；
Minlon X≥ maxloni；
当同时满足下列条件时，第i幅海图的覆盖区域包含在目标显示区域内：
Maxlat X≥ minlati；
Minlat X≤ maxlati；
Maxlon X≥ minloni；
Minlon X≤ maxloni；
当同时满足下列条件时，目标显示区域包含在第i幅海图的覆盖区域内：
Maxlat X≤ minlati；
Minlat X≥ maxlati；
Maxlon X≤ minloni；
Minlon X≥ maxloni；
其余情况为目标显示区域与第i幅海图的覆盖区域相交。
 有益效果
与现有技术相比，本发明在海图数据库中设计海图索引，通过海图索引可检索到海图。同时，设计了各海图的内部索引，内部索引包括对应海图内的物标分类索引及物标索引，根据目标显示区域中需要显示的物标的分类属性及特征属性依次查找对应海图的物标分类索引及物标索引，即可定位需要显示的物标，并将其显示。通过这种三级索引结构大大提高了海图数据的读取速度，从而提高了海图显示速度。
 附图说明
图1：本发明实施例提供的具有三级索引结构的海图数据库的三级索引结构示意图；
图2：具有三级索引结构的海图数据库的数据读取流程示意图。
 本发明的实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。
图1所示为该具有三级索引结构的海图数据库的三级索引结构示意图。该具有三级索引结构的海图数据库包括若干海图，海图数据库具有海图索引1，海图索引1包括各海图（海图1、海图2、海图3、……、海图n）的索引信息，海图的索引信息包括海图的覆盖区域信息。由海图索引1可查找到符合查询条件的海图。同时，各海图分别具有各自的内部索引，可通过各海图的内部索引进一步查找已查找到的该海图内部的物标。内部索引包括物标分类索引2及物标索引3。物标分类索引包括其对应海图内各物标类型的索引信息，物标类型的索引信息包括物标类型的分类属性。通过物标分类索引2可进一步查询到对应海图中的符合查询条件的各类型的物标。物标索引3包括其对应物标类型的各物标的索引信息，物标的索引信息包括物标的特征属性。通过物标索引3可最终查找到对应海图中符合查询条件的物标的位置，从而将其读取并在海图中显示。
各海图的内部索引与海图索引1共同构成了海图数据库的三级索引结构，通过海图索引1可快速定位海图，而通过海图的内部索引可快速定位海图内部的特征物标和空间物标，实现对海图数据的快速读取。
图1中示出了海图1的内部索引。其他海图的内部索引与海图1的内部索引结构相同。海图1总共包括n类物标，海图1的物标分类索引2包括第1类物标的索引信息、第2类物标的索引信息、…、及第n类物标的索引信息。第1类物标中又包括n个物标，第1类物标的物标索引3包括物标1的索引信息、物标2的索引信息、…、物标n的索引信息。
海图的索引信息还可包括海图编号、比例尺分母、基准纬圈半径、坐标倍乘系数、水深倍乘系数等。在海图显示中，比例尺大的海图显示更详细的信息，在海图显示的时候应该优先考虑。因此，在这个三级索引结构的基础上，可将各海图的索引信息按比例尺分母由小到大排序，当有新的海图的索引信息导入海图索引1时，根据该新的海图的索引信息中的比例尺分母大小及海图索引1中索引信息的排序规则将该新的海图的索引信息导入海图索引1。
物标类型的索引信息还包括该类型物标的位置、长度及个数信息。特征属性包括物标的长度、位置、几何类型、所属区域、参考空间物标个数、空间物标、方向、空间物标位置等。这些索引信息也可作为物标的查询条件。
对具有上述三级索引结构的海图数据库的数据读取方法包括如下步骤：
步骤S1：读取海图索引1，并判断海图数据库中各海图的覆盖区域与目标显示区域的位置关系；
步骤S2：将覆盖区域与目标显示区域不相离的各海图作为目标显示区域的相关海图；各相关海图的索引信息形成相关海图集目录；
步骤S3：根据相关海图集目录从海图数据库中读取各相关海图，并提取各相关海图中处于目标显示区域内的部分，以绘制目标显示区域的海图；
步骤S4：根据目标显示区域中需要显示的物标的分类属性及特征属性依次查找对应海图的物标分类索引2及物标索引3，以定位需要显示的物标，并将其显示。
海图的覆盖区域及目标显示区域以最大纬度、最小纬度、最大经度及最小经度表示。步骤1中，可根据各海图的覆盖区域的最大纬度、最小纬度、最大经度及最小经度与目标显示区域的最大纬度、最小纬度、最大经度及最小经度的关系判断海图数据库中各海图的覆盖区域与目标显示区域的位置关系。
例如，设目标显示区域的最大纬度、最小纬度、最大经度及最小经度分别为maxlat X、minlat X、maxlon X、minlon X；第i幅海图的覆盖区域的最大纬度、最小纬度、最大经度及最小经度分别为maxlat i、minlat i、maxlon i、minlon i；则：
当满足下列条件之一时，第i幅海图的覆盖区域与目标显示区域相离：
Maxlat X≤ minlati；
Minlat X≥ maxlati；
Maxlon X≤ minloni；
Minlon X≥ maxloni；
当同时满足下列条件时，第i幅海图的覆盖区域包含在目标显示区域内：
Maxlat X≥ minlati；
Minlat X≤ maxlati；
Maxlon X≥ minloni；
Minlon X≤ maxloni；
当同时满足下列条件时，目标显示区域包含在第i幅海图的覆盖区域内：
Maxlat X≤ minlati；
Minlat X≥ maxlati；
Maxlon X≤ minloni；
Minlon X≥ maxloni；
其余情况为目标显示区域与第i幅海图的覆盖区域相交。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种具有三级索引结构的海图数据库，其特征在于，海图数据库包括若干海图，海图数据库具有海图索引；所述海图索引包括各海图的索引信息，海图的索引信息包括海图的覆盖区域信息；各海图分别具有各自的内部索引；所述内部索引包括物标分类索引及物标索引；所述物标分类索引包括其对应海图内各物标类型的索引信息；物标类型的索引信息包括物标类型的分类属性；所述物标索引包括其对应物标类型的各物标的索引信息；物标的索引信息包括物标的特征属性。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的海图数据库，其特征在于，海图的索引信息还包括海图编号、比例尺分母、基准纬圈半径、坐标倍乘系数、水深倍乘系数中的至少一个。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的海图数据库，其特征在于，所述海图索引中，各海图的索引信息按比例尺分母由小到大排序；当有新的海图的索引信息导入所述海图索引时，根据该新的海图的索引信息中的比例尺分母大小及所述海图索引中索引信息的排序规则将该新的海图的索引信息导入所述海图索引。
  4. 如权利要求1所述的海图数据库，其特征在于，物标类型的索引信息还包括该类型物标的位置、长度及个数信息。
  5. 如权利要求1所述的海图数据库，其特征在于，所述特征属性包括物标的长度、位置、几何类型、所属区域、参考空间物标个数、空间物标、方向、空间物标位置中的至少一个。
  6. 一种具有三级索引结构的海图数据库的数据读取方法，其特征在于，海图数据库包括若干海图，海图数据库具有海图索引；所述海图索引包括各海图的索引信息，海图的索引信息包括海图的覆盖区域信息；各海图分别具有各自的内部索引；所述内部索引包括物标分类索引及物标索引；所述物标分类索引包括其对应海图内各物标类型的索引信息；物标类型的索引信息包括物标类型的分类属性；所述物标索引包括其对应物标类型的各物标的索引信息；物标的索引信息包括物标的特征属性；
    所述方法包括如下步骤：
    步骤1：读取所述海图索引，并判断海图数据库中各海图的覆盖区域与目标显示区域的位置关系；
    步骤2：将覆盖区域与所述目标显示区域不相离的各海图作为所述目标显示区域的相关海图；各相关海图的索引信息形成相关海图集目录；
    步骤3：根据相关海图集目录从海图数据库中读取各相关海图，并提取各相关海图中处于所述目标显示区域内的部分，以绘制所述目标显示区域的海图；
    步骤4：根据所述目标显示区域中需要显示的物标的分类属性及特征属性依次查找对应海图的物标分类索引及物标索引，以定位需要显示的物标，并将其显示。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的数据读取方法，其特征在于，海图的覆盖区域及目标显示区域以最大纬度、最小纬度、最大经度及最小经度表示；所述步骤1中，根据各海图的覆盖区域的最大纬度、最小纬度、最大经度及最小经度与目标显示区域的最大纬度、最小纬度、最大经度及最小经度的关系判断海图数据库中各海图的覆盖区域与目标显示区域的位置关系。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的数据读取方法，其特征在于，设目标显示区域的最大纬度、最小纬度、最大经度及最小经度分别为maxlat X、minlat X、maxlon X、minlon X；第i幅海图的覆盖区域的最大纬度、最小纬度、最大经度及最小经度分别为maxlat i、minlat i、maxlon i、minlon i；则：
    当满足下列条件之一时，第i幅海图的覆盖区域与目标显示区域相离：
    Maxlat X≤ minlati；
    Minlat X≥ maxlati；
    Maxlon X≤ minloni；
    Minlon X≥ maxloni；
    当同时满足下列条件时，第i幅海图的覆盖区域包含在目标显示区域内：
    Maxlat X≥ minlati；
    Minlat X≤ maxlati；
    Maxlon X≥ minloni；
    Minlon X≤maxloni；
    当同时满足下列条件时，目标显示区域包含在第i幅海图的覆盖区域内：
    Maxlat X≤ minlati；
    Minlat X≥ maxlati；
    Maxlon X≤ minloni；
    Minlon X≥ maxloni；
    其余情况为目标显示区域与第i幅海图的覆盖区域相交。
PCT/CN2016/107492 2015-12-04 2016-11-28 具有三级索引结构的海图数据库及其数据读取方法 WO2017092636A1 (zh)

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