WO2017088822A1 - 一种纤维束气体过滤方法与装置 - Google Patents

一种纤维束气体过滤方法与装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017088822A1
WO2017088822A1 PCT/CN2016/107292 CN2016107292W WO2017088822A1 WO 2017088822 A1 WO2017088822 A1 WO 2017088822A1 CN 2016107292 W CN2016107292 W CN 2016107292W WO 2017088822 A1 WO2017088822 A1 WO 2017088822A1
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Prior art keywords
filter
connecting member
cleaning
fiber bundle
pipe
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PCT/CN2016/107292
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘凡清
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上海凡清环境工程有限公司
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Publication of WO2017088822A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017088822A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/30—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using loose filtering material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas filtering method and device, in particular to a fiber bundle gas filtering method and device.
  • gas filtering devices generally used cloth bags or granular filter materials for filtering and removing dust.
  • the microorganisms on the surface of the granular filter materials can be used to degrade organic matter, ammonia gas, carbon dioxide and other harmful gases in the exhaust gas.
  • the main problems are: the specific surface area of the filter material is small, the microbial load is small, the equipment is large in area, the energy consumption is relatively high, and the filter material is easy to be knotted.
  • a fiber bundle gas filtration method for achieving the object of the present invention wherein a plurality of fiber bundle filters are suspended from a filter plate to form a filter assembly, and at least one filter assembly is installed in a filter or a filter casing to form a filter.
  • the fiber bundle filter is made of a fiber filament, or a wire made of a fiber short yarn, or a cloth made of a fiber filament or a short yarn.
  • the filter assembly mainly comprises a fiber bundle filter element, an upper filter plate, a lower filter plate, an upper connecting member and a lower connecting member, and the upper end of the fiber bundle filter element is connected to the upper filter plate through the upper connecting member, and the lower end of the fiber bundle filter element passes through
  • the lower connector is attached to the lower filter plate.
  • the upper or lower connector is a non-retractable rope, a metal ring, or the like, or a retractable rope, a rubber strip, a spring, or the like.
  • the filter assembly mainly comprises a fiber bundle filter element, an upper filter plate, a lower filter plate, an upper connecting member and a lower connecting member, and the upper end of the fiber bundle filter element is connected to the upper filter plate through the upper connecting member, and the lower end of the fiber bundle filter element passes through
  • the lower connector is attached to the lower filter plate.
  • the upper and lower connectors are ropes of the same length.
  • the filter assembly mainly comprises a fiber bundle filter element, an upper filter plate, a lower filter plate, an upper connecting member and a lower connecting member, and the upper end of the fiber bundle filter element is connected to the upper filter plate through the upper connecting member, and the lower end of the fiber bundle filter element passes through
  • the lower connector is attached to the lower filter plate.
  • the upper and lower connectors are ropes, the lower connectors are longer and the length is the maximum allowable compression of the filter layer.
  • the filter assembly mainly comprises a fiber bundle filter element, an upper filter plate, a lower filter plate, an upper connecting member and a lower connecting member, and the upper end of the fiber bundle filter element is connected to the upper filter plate through the upper connecting member, and the lower end of the fiber bundle filter element passes through
  • the lower connector is attached to the lower filter plate.
  • the upper and lower connectors are ropes, the upper connectors are longer and the length is the maximum allowable compression of the filter layer.
  • the filter material assembly mainly comprises a fiber bundle filter element, an upper filter plate, a lower filter plate, an upper connecting member, a lower connecting member, a capsule, a charging and exhausting mother pipe, a charging and exhausting branch pipe, a charging and exhausting valve, and a fiber bundle filter element.
  • the upper end is connected to the upper filter plate through the upper connecting member
  • the lower end of the fiber bundle filter element is connected to the lower filter plate through the lower connecting member
  • the capsule is installed inside the filter material assembly
  • one end of the charging and exhausting branch pipe is connected with the other end of the capsule and the charging and exhausting device
  • the pipe connection, the charge and exhaust valve is installed on the charging and exhausting main pipe or the charging and exhausting branch pipe.
  • the upper and lower connectors are ropes.
  • the filter layer is compressed to a certain density upon filtration or is not stretched by the compressed fiber bundle filter at the time of filtration.
  • the microbial membrane capable of decomposing organic substances, ammonia, nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, dioxins and the like in the gas of the filter fiber filament or the fiber short filament, and filtering the exhaust gas through the microbial membrane after filtration
  • the layer is purified.
  • the fiber bundle gas filtering method is divided into a downward flow form according to the direction of the exhaust gas flow in the filter layer during filtration, that is, the exhaust gas passes through the filter layer from top to bottom, and the upward flow form, that is, the exhaust gas passes through the filter layer from the bottom to the top, and the lateral flow
  • the form, ie the exhaust gas, passes transversely through the filter layer.
  • the gas-water mixed cleaning is adopted, that is, the cleaning air passes through the filter layer from the bottom to the top, and the washing water adopts the upper-flow water-filling cleaning and the downward-flowing emptying cleaning method, or The washing water adopts an alternate cleaning method of the downward flow and the upward flow.
  • the upward flow water-filling cleaning that is, the washing water is filled into the filter layer from bottom to top
  • the lower-flow venting cleaning that is, the washing water passes through the filter layer and is emptied from top to bottom
  • the downward flow cleaning is cleaning.
  • the water passes through the filter layer from top to bottom, and the upflow cleaning, that is, the washing water passes through the filter layer from bottom to top.
  • the gas filtering device mainly comprises a casing, a filter component, a gas distribution device, an air intake pipe, an air intake valve, a fan, a water distribution device, and a filter Intake pipe, filter inlet valve, cleaning inlet pipe, cleaning inlet valve, downflow cleaning drain pipe, downflow cleaning drain valve, filter out air pipe and so on.
  • the filter assembly mainly comprises a fiber bundle filter element, an upper filter plate, a lower filter plate, an upper connecting member and a lower connecting member, and the upper end of the fiber bundle filter element is connected to the upper filter plate through the upper connecting member, and the lower end of the fiber bundle filter element passes through
  • the lower connector is attached to the lower filter plate.
  • the upper and lower connectors are ropes of the same length.
  • the filter assembly mainly comprises a fiber bundle filter element, an upper filter plate, a lower filter plate, an upper connecting member and a lower connecting member, and the upper end of the fiber bundle filter element is connected to the upper filter plate through the upper connecting member, and the lower end of the fiber bundle filter element passes through
  • the lower connector is attached to the lower filter plate.
  • the upper and lower connectors are ropes, the lower connectors are longer and the length is the maximum allowable compression of the filter layer.
  • the upper or lower connector is a non-retractable rope, a metal ring, or the like, or a retractable rope, a rubber strip, a spring, or the like.
  • the filter component is installed in the casing, the water distribution device and the gas distribution device are disposed under the filter material assembly, and the filtered gas pipe is disposed above the filter component and connected to the casing, and the fan is connected to the gas distribution device through the pipeline, and is filtered into
  • the air valve is installed on the filter intake pipe, the filter intake pipe is connected with the fan, the air intake valve is installed on the air intake pipe, the air intake pipe is connected with the fan, the cleaning inlet valve is installed on the cleaning inlet pipe, and the inlet pipe and the water are cleaned.
  • the device is connected, the cleaning drain valve is installed on the cleaning drain pipe, and the cleaning drain pipe is connected with the water distribution device.
  • the fan can also be installed on the filtered gas pipe to draw gas.
  • the filtering device mainly comprises a casing, a filter material assembly, a gas distribution device, a cleaning air intake pipe, a cleaning air intake valve, a water distribution device, and a filtering
  • the filter assembly mainly comprises a fiber bundle filter element, an upper filter plate, a lower filter plate, an upper connecting member and a lower connecting member, and the upper end of the fiber bundle filter element is connected to the upper filter plate through the upper connecting member, and the lower end of the fiber bundle filter element passes through
  • the lower connector is attached to the lower filter plate.
  • the upper and lower connectors are ropes of the same length.
  • the filter assembly mainly comprises a fiber bundle filter element, an upper filter plate, a lower filter plate, an upper connecting member and a lower connecting member, and the upper end of the fiber bundle filter element is connected to the upper filter plate through the upper connecting member, and the lower end of the fiber bundle filter element passes through
  • the lower connector is attached to the lower filter plate.
  • the upper and lower connectors are ropes, the upper connectors are longer and the length is the maximum allowable compression of the filter layer.
  • the upper or lower connector is a non-retractable rope, a metal ring, or the like, or a retractable rope, a rubber strip, a spring, or the like.
  • the filter material assembly is installed in the casing, the water distribution device and the gas distribution device are disposed under the filter material assembly, the filter air inlet pipe is disposed above the filter material assembly and connected to the casing, and the filtered gas pipe is connected with the gas distribution device to filter out the gas.
  • the valve is installed on the filtered air pipe, the cleaning air intake valve is installed on the cleaning air intake pipe, the cleaning air intake pipe is connected with the gas distribution device, the cleaning inlet valve is installed on the cleaning inlet pipe, and the cleaning inlet pipe is connected with the water distribution device.
  • the cleaning drain valve is installed on the cleaning drain pipe, and the cleaning drain pipe is connected to the water distribution device.
  • the filtering device mainly comprises a casing, a filter component, a gas distribution device, a filter inlet pipe, a filter inlet valve, a cleaning inlet pipe, and a cleaning inlet valve
  • the utility model has the following components: a downward flow cleaning drain pipe, a downward flow cleaning drain valve, a filtered air outlet pipe, and a filtering air outlet device.
  • the filter assembly mainly comprises a fiber bundle filter element, an upper filter plate, a lower filter plate, an upper connecting member and a lower connecting member, and the upper end of the fiber bundle filter element is connected to the upper filter plate through the upper connecting member, and the lower end of the fiber bundle filter element passes through
  • the lower connector is attached to the lower filter plate.
  • the upper and lower connectors are ropes of the same length.
  • the upper or lower connector is a non-retractable rope, a metal ring, or the like, or a retractable rope, a rubber strip, a spring, or the like.
  • the filter component is installed in the casing, the water distribution device and the gas distribution device are disposed under the filter material assembly, and the filtered gas pipe is disposed above the filter component and connected to the casing, and the fan is connected to the gas distribution device through the pipeline, and is filtered into
  • the air valve is installed on the filter intake pipe, the filter intake pipe is connected with the fan, the air intake valve is installed on the air intake pipe, the air intake pipe is connected with the fan, the cleaning inlet valve is installed on the cleaning inlet pipe, and the inlet pipe and the water are cleaned.
  • the device is connected, the cleaning drain valve is installed on the cleaning drain pipe, and the cleaning drain pipe is connected with the water distribution device.
  • a capsule compression fiber bundle gas filtering device for achieving the object of the present invention comprises a downward flow form and an upward flow form, the filter device mainly consisting of a casing, a filter assembly, a gas distribution device, a cleaning air intake pipe, and a cleaning Air intake valve, water distribution device, filter inlet pipe, cleaning inlet pipe, cleaning inlet valve, downflow cleaning drain pipe, downflow cleaning drain valve, filter outlet pipe, filter outlet valve and so on.
  • the filter material assembly mainly comprises a fiber bundle filter element, an upper filter plate, a lower filter plate, an upper connecting member, a lower connecting member, a capsule, a charging and exhausting mother pipe, a charging and exhausting branch pipe, a charging and exhausting valve, and a fiber bundle filter element.
  • the upper end is connected to the upper filter plate through the upper connecting member
  • the lower end of the fiber bundle filter element is connected to the lower filter plate through the lower connecting member
  • the capsule is installed inside the filter material assembly
  • one end of the charging and exhausting branch pipe is connected with the other end of the capsule and the charging and exhausting device
  • the pipe connection, the charge and exhaust valve is installed on the charging and exhausting main pipe or the charging and exhausting branch pipe.
  • the upper and lower connectors are ropes.
  • the filter material assembly is installed in the casing, the water distribution device and the gas distribution device are disposed under the filter material assembly, the filtered gas outlet valve is installed on the filtered gas outlet pipe, and the filtered gas outlet pipe is connected with the upper part (or the lower part) of the casing, and the air intake pipe is filtered.
  • the cleaning inlet valve is installed on the cleaning inlet pipe, the cleaning inlet pipe is connected with the water distribution device, the cleaning drainage valve is installed on the cleaning drainage pipe, and the cleaning drainage pipe is connected with the water distribution device.
  • the fiber bundle gas filtering device comprises a pressure type and a gravity type, and the upper filter plate or the lower filter plate is fixed at the time of filtering and cleaning, and the density of the filter layer composed of the fiber bundle filter element is not changed; or during filtering and cleaning.
  • the upper filter plate or the lower filter plate is fixed at a fixed position, and the filter layer is increased in density by the filtered airflow during filtration, and the relaxed airflow is reduced in density during cleaning; or when filtering, the upper filter plate or the lower filter plate passes hydraulic force, The mechanical force pushes the filter layer to compress.
  • the upper filter plate or the lower filter plate is pushed by hydraulic and mechanical force to relax the filter layer.
  • the fiber bundle gas filtering device comprises a pressure type and a gravity type, and is divided into a downward flow form according to a gas flow direction in the filter layer during filtration, that is, an exhaust gas passes through a filter layer from top to bottom, and an upward flow form, that is, exhaust gas passes through a filter from bottom to top.
  • the layer in the form of a lateral flow, ie the exhaust gas passes transversely through the filter layer.
  • the fiber bundle gas filtering device comprises a pressure type and a gravity type.
  • the gas-water mixed cleaning is adopted, that is, the cleaning air passes through the filter layer from the bottom to the top, and the washing water adopts the upward flow washing and the downward flow.
  • the cleaning method is emptied, or the cleaning water is alternately cleaned by a downward flow and an upward flow.
  • the upward flow is filled with water, that is, the washing water is from the bottom Filling the filter layer, the downward flow venting cleaning, that is, the washing water passes through the filter layer from the top to the bottom and is emptied, and the downward flow cleaning, that is, the washing water passes through the filter layer from top to bottom, the upward flow Cleaning means that the washing water passes through the filter layer from bottom to top.
  • the lower filter plate can be replaced with a heavy drop plate, which can be replaced with a float.
  • the fiber filaments used for the fiber bundle filter may be selected from a rough surface or a grooved material to facilitate the formation and maintenance of the microbial membrane, or a microorganism-selective material may be used to form a microbial membrane having a specific function.
  • a microorganism-selective material may be used to form a microbial membrane having a specific function.
  • the water distribution device and the gas distribution device are a porous tube or a filter brick or a long handle filter head.
  • the filter layer formed by the fiber bundle filter may also be replaced by a short fiber accumulation layer such as a comet filter.
  • the fiber bundle gas filtering method and device of the invention can be used for industrial waste gas filtering and dust removal and biological removal of harmful gases, regional air dusting and biological removal of harmful gases, sewage plant, garbage disposal plant exhaust gas collection and treatment system, and NH in exhaust gas 3. Biochemical removal of organic matter and other harmful gases.
  • the fiber bundle gas filtering method and device of the invention has a high specific surface area of the fiber bundle filter material and a high porosity of the filter layer, high bio-load capacity, high dust removal and biodegradation efficiency, and the biological purification of the exhaust gas is finally converted into CO 2 , H 2 O, etc., low filtration resistance, low construction investment and operating costs, energy saving, land occupation, and no secondary pollution to the environment.
  • cleaning it is convenient to adopt the cleaning method of cleaning the underwater flow to the flow, or to adopt the cleaning underwater to the flow discharge cleaning and the upward flow filling water cleaning mode, or to adopt the cleaning underwater flow and the upward flow alternate cleaning mode.
  • the dust particles adsorbed on the fiber bundle filter material and the metabolic dead microbial membrane and the trapped dirt are washed out, the filtering effect is good, and the filter material is not compacted.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the same filter assembly of the upper and lower connectors.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the filter assembly of the upper connecting member being a non-retractable rope and the lower connecting member being a retractable rope.
  • FIG 3 is a schematic view of a filter assembly of the upper connecting member being a retractable rope and the lower connecting member being a non-retractable rope.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of a filter assembly of a capsule compression filter.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the gas flow-through filter assembly.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the gas downward flow filter assembly.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic view of the gas lateral flow filter assembly.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view of an upward flow fiber bundle gas filtering device.
  • Figure 9 is a schematic view of a downflow fiber bundle gas filtering device.
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of a transverse flow fiber bundle gas filtration device.
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view of a downward flow capsule compressed fiber bundle gas filtering device.
  • the filter assembly 2 mainly includes a fiber bundle filter 21, an upper filter plate 19, a lower filter plate 20, an upper connecting member 22, and a lower connecting member 23.
  • the upper ends of the fiber bundle filter elements 21 are connected by an upper connecting member 22.
  • On the upper filter plate 19, the lower end of the fiber bundle filter 21 is connected to the lower filter plate 20 through a lower connecting member 23.
  • the upper connector 22 and the lower connector 23 are ropes of the same length.
  • the filter assembly 2 mainly includes a fiber bundle filter element 21, an upper filter plate 19, a lower filter plate 20, an upper connecting member 22, and a lower connecting member 23.
  • the upper end of the fiber bundle filter element 21 is connected through the upper connecting member 22
  • the lower end of the fiber bundle filter 21 is connected to the lower filter plate 20 through a lower connecting member 23.
  • the upper connector 22 and the lower connector 23 are ropes, and the lower connector 23 is longer, the length of which is the maximum allowable compression of the filter layer.
  • the filter assembly 2 mainly includes a fiber bundle filter element 21, an upper filter plate 19, a lower filter plate 20, an upper connecting member 22, and a lower connecting member 23.
  • the upper end of the fiber bundle filter element 21 is connected through the upper connecting member 22.
  • On the upper filter plate 19, the lower end of the fiber bundle filter 21 is connected to the lower filter plate 20 through a lower connecting member 23.
  • the upper connector 22 and the lower connector 23 are cords, and the upper connector 22 is longer and has a length that is the maximum allowable amount of compression of the filter layer.
  • the filter assembly 2 mainly includes a fiber bundle filter element 21, an upper filter plate 19, a lower filter plate 20, an upper connecting member 22, a lower connecting member 23, a capsule 201, a charging and exhausting mother pipe 202, and a charging and discharging device.
  • the gas branch pipe 203, the charge and exhaust valve 204, the upper end of the fiber bundle filter element 21 is connected to the upper filter plate 19 through the upper connecting member 22, and the lower end of the fiber bundle filter element 21 is connected to the lower filter plate 20 through the lower connecting member 23, and the capsule 201 is mounted.
  • one end of the charging and exhausting branch pipe 203 is connected to the other end of the capsule 201 and connected to the charging and exhausting mother pipe 202, and the charging and exhausting valve 204 is installed in the charging and exhausting mother pipe.
  • 202 is on or on the exhaust manifold 203.
  • the upper connector 22 and the lower connector 23 are ropes.
  • the gas flows downward through the filter assembly.
  • the gas flows laterally through the filter assembly.
  • an upward flow fiber bundle gas filtering device mainly comprises a casing 1, a filter assembly 2, a gas distribution device 5, an air intake pipe 112, an air intake valve 1112, and a fan 411.
  • the water distribution device 4 the filtered intake pipe 7, the filtered intake valve 71, the washing inlet pipe 11, the washing inlet valve 111, the downward flow cleaning drain pipe 9, the downward flow cleaning drain valve 91, the filtered gas pipe 3, and the like.
  • the filter assembly 2 mainly comprises a fiber bundle filter 21, an upper filter plate 19, a lower filter plate 20, an upper connecting member 22, and a lower portion.
  • the connecting member 23, the upper end of the fiber bundle filter unit 21 is connected to the upper filter plate 19 via the upper connecting member 22, and the lower end of the fiber bundle filter element 21 is connected to the lower filter plate 20 via the lower connecting member 23.
  • the upper connector 22 and the lower connector 23 are ropes of the same length.
  • the filter assembly 2 is installed in the casing 1.
  • the water distribution device 4 and the gas distribution device 5 are disposed under the filter assembly 2, and the filtered gas pipe 3 is disposed above the filter assembly 2 and connected to the casing 1, and the fan 411 Connected to the gas distribution device 5 through the pipe 12, the filter intake valve 71 is mounted on the filter intake pipe 7, the filter intake pipe 7 is connected to the fan 411, the air intake valve 1112 is mounted on the air intake pipe 112, and the air intake pipe 112 is The fan 411 is connected, the washing inlet valve 111 is mounted on the washing inlet pipe 11, the washing inlet pipe 11 is connected to the water distributing device 4, the washing drain valve 91 is mounted on the washing drain pipe 9, and the washing drain pipe 9 is connected to the water distributing device 4.
  • the microbial membrane is first cultured on the fiber bundle filter 21.
  • the filter inlet valve 71 is opened, the filtered intake air passes through the filter intake valve 71, the fan 411 is opened, the filter inlet pipe 7, the fan 411, the pipe 12, and the gas distribution device 5 enter the bottom of the casing 1, and then bottom-up.
  • opening the air intake valve 1112 the air enters the bottom of the casing 1 through the air intake pipe 112, the mixer 411, the pipe 12, the gas distribution device 5, and then enters the filter assembly 2, the oxygen in the air
  • the microorganisms are continuously supplied with oxygen, and the filtered gas flows out from the upper portion of the filter unit 2 and is discharged through the filtered outlet tube 3.
  • the filter intake valve 71 is closed, and the upstream flow is alternately cleaned by the upward flow: the air intake valve 1112 and the fan 411 are kept open, the cleaning inlet valve 111 is opened, the washing water is passed through the cleaning inlet pipe 11, and the inlet valve is cleaned. 111.
  • the water distribution device 4 enters the bottom of the casing 1 and is scrubbed by air and water from the bottom to the top through the filter assembly 2. After the liquid level reaches the upper portion of the filter assembly 2, the cleaning inlet valve 111 is closed, and then the cleaning drainage is opened.
  • the valve 91, the dirt trapped in the filter unit 2, and the metabolically-destroyed microbial membrane are discharged through the washing drain pipe 9 with the washing water.
  • a downward flow fiber bundle gas filtering device mainly comprises a casing 1, a filter assembly 2, a gas distribution device 5, a cleaning air intake pipe 114, a cleaning air intake valve 113, The water distribution device 4, the filter inlet pipe 7, the purge inlet pipe 11, the purge inlet valve 111, the downflow cleaning drain pipe 9, the downflow cleaning drain valve 91, the filtered outlet pipe 3, the filtered outlet valve 31, and the like.
  • the filter assembly 2 mainly comprises a fiber bundle filter element 21, an upper filter plate 19, a lower filter plate 20, an upper connecting member 22 and a lower connecting member 23.
  • the upper end of the fiber bundle filter element 21 is connected to the upper filter plate through the upper connecting member 22.
  • the lower end of the fiber bundle filter 21 is connected to the lower filter plate 20 through the lower connecting member 23.
  • the upper connector 22 and the lower connector 23 are ropes of the same length.
  • the filter assembly 2 is installed in the casing 1, the water distribution device 4, the gas distribution device 5 is disposed under the filter material assembly 2, the filtered gas outlet valve 31 is installed on the filtered gas pipe 3, and the filtered gas pipe 3 is disposed on the filter material.
  • the upper part of the assembly 2 is connected to the casing 1, and the filter inlet pipe 7 is disposed above the filter assembly 2 to be connected to the casing 1.
  • the cleaning inlet valve 111 is mounted on the cleaning inlet pipe 11, and the cleaning inlet pipe 11 is connected to the water distribution device 4.
  • the cleaning drain valve 91 is mounted on the cleaning drain pipe 9, The cleaning drain pipe 9 is connected to the water distribution device 4.
  • the filtered intake air passes through the filter intake pipe 7, enters the upper part of the casing 1, and then enters the filter assembly 2 from top to bottom for filtration, and the filtered gas flows out from the upper portion of the filter assembly 2, and is filtered through the filtered gas pipe 3.
  • the outlet valve 31 is discharged.
  • the cleaning is performed alternately in the upward flow direction: the cleaning inlet valve 111 is opened, and the cleaning water enters the bottom of the casing 1 through the cleaning inlet pipe 11, the cleaning inlet valve 111, and the water distribution device 4, and opens the cleaning air intake valve 113.
  • the cleaning air enters the bottom of the casing 1 through the air intake pipe 114 and the gas distribution device 5, and then enters the filter material assembly 2, and the cleaning water and the cleaning air are scrubbed together with the air and water through the filter assembly 2 from the bottom to the top, and the liquid in the casing is liquid.
  • the washing inlet valve 111 is closed, and then the washing drain valve 91 is opened, and the dirt trapped in the filter unit 2 and the metabolically-destroyed microbial membrane are discharged through the washing drain 9 with the washing water.
  • a transverse flow fiber bundle gas filtering device mainly comprises a casing 1, a filter assembly 2, a gas distribution device 4, a filter inlet pipe 7, a filter inlet valve 71, and a cleaning inlet pipe. 11.
  • the water inlet valve 111, the downward flow cleaning drain pipe 9, the downward flow cleaning drain valve 91, the filtered air pipe 3, the filtered air outlet device 51, and the like are formed.
  • the filter assembly 2 mainly comprises a fiber bundle filter element 21, an upper filter plate 19, a lower filter plate 20, an upper connecting member 22 and a lower connecting member 23.
  • the upper end of the fiber bundle filter element 21 is connected to the upper filter plate through the upper connecting member 22.
  • the lower end of the fiber bundle filter 21 is connected to the lower filter plate 20 through the lower connecting member 23.
  • the upper connector 22 and the lower connector 23 are ropes of the same length.
  • the filtered gas collection device 51 is disposed in the filter assembly 2.
  • the filter assembly 2 is installed in the casing 1, the water distribution device 4, the gas distribution device 5 is disposed below the filter material assembly 2, the filtered gas pipe 3 is connected to the filtered gas collecting device 51, and the filtering inlet valve 71 is installed at The inlet pipe 7 is filtered, and the filter inlet pipe 7 is connected to the gas distribution device 5, and the cleaning inlet valve 111 is installed on the cleaning and cleaning inlet pipe 11, the cleaning inlet pipe 11 is connected to the water distribution device 4, and the cleaning drainage valve 91 is installed in the cleaning drainage pipe. At 9th, the cleaning drain pipe 9 is connected to the water distribution device 4.
  • the filter intake valve 71 When filtering, the filter intake valve 71 is opened, the filtered intake air passes through the filter intake valve 71, the intake pipe 7 is filtered, the gas distribution device 5 enters the bottom of the casing 1, and then enters the filter assembly 2 laterally for filtration, and the filtered gas passes through the filter.
  • the outlet gas collecting device 51 and the filtered gas pipe 3 are discharged.
  • the filter inlet valve 71 is closed, and the upstream flow is alternately washed in the upward flow direction: the cleaning inlet valve 111 is opened, and the washing water enters the bottom of the casing 1 through the washing inlet pipe 11, the washing inlet valve 111, and the water distribution device 4, and opens.
  • the air intake valve 113 is cleaned, and the cleaning air enters the bottom of the casing 1 through the air intake pipe 114 and the gas distribution device 5, and then enters the filter assembly 2, and the cleaning water and the cleaning air pass through the filter assembly 2 for air and water from bottom to top.
  • the liquid level in the casing reaches the upper portion of the filter assembly 2, the cleaning inlet valve 111 is closed, and then the cleaning drain valve 91 is opened, and the filter assembly 2 is inside.
  • the trapped dirt and the metabolically-destroyed microbial membrane are discharged through the washing drain 9 with the washing water.
  • a downward flow capsule compressed fiber bundle gas filtering device mainly comprises a casing 1, a filter assembly 2, a gas distribution device 5, a cleaning air intake pipe 114, and a cleaning air intake valve. 113, the water distribution device 4, the filter inlet pipe 7, the cleaning inlet pipe 11, the cleaning inlet valve 111, the downward flow cleaning drain pipe 9, the downward flow cleaning drain valve 91, the filtered gas pipe 3, the filtered gas outlet valve 31, and the like.
  • the filter assembly 2 mainly includes a fiber bundle filter element 21, an upper filter plate 19, a lower filter plate 20, an upper connecting member 22, a lower connecting member 23, a capsule 201, a charging and exhausting mother pipe 202, and an exhausting and exhausting branch pipe 203.
  • the upper and lower ends of the fiber bundle filter unit 21 are connected to the upper filter plate 19 through the upper connecting member 22, and the lower end of the fiber bundle filter element 21 is connected to the lower filter plate 20 through the lower connecting member 23, and the capsule 201 is mounted on the filter element assembly.
  • one end of the charging and exhausting branch pipe 203 is connected to the capsule 201 and the other end is connected to the charging and exhausting mother pipe 202.
  • the charging and exhausting valve 204 is mounted on the charging and exhausting mother pipe 202 or the charging and exhausting branch pipe 203.
  • the upper connector 22 and the lower connector 23 are ropes.
  • the filter assembly 2 is installed in the casing 1, the water distribution device 4, the gas distribution device 5 is disposed under the filter material assembly 2, the filtered gas outlet valve 31 is installed on the filtered gas pipe 3, and the filtered gas pipe 3 is disposed on the filter material.
  • the upper part of the assembly 2 is connected to the casing 1, and the filter inlet pipe 7 is disposed above the filter assembly 2 to be connected to the casing 1.
  • the cleaning inlet valve 111 is mounted on the cleaning inlet pipe 11, and the cleaning inlet pipe 11 is connected to the water distribution device 4.
  • the cleaning drain valve 91 is mounted on the washing drain pipe 9, and the washing drain pipe 9 is connected to the water distributing device 4.
  • the filtered intake air passes through the filter intake pipe 7, enters the upper part of the casing 1, and then enters the filter assembly 2 from top to bottom for filtration, and the filtered gas flows out from the upper portion of the filter assembly 2, and is filtered through the filtered gas pipe 3.
  • the outlet valve 31 is discharged.
  • the cleaning is performed alternately in the upward flow direction: the cleaning inlet valve 111 is opened, and the cleaning water enters the bottom of the casing 1 through the cleaning inlet pipe 11, the cleaning inlet valve 111, and the water distribution device 4, and opens the cleaning air intake valve 113.
  • the cleaning air enters the bottom of the casing 1 through the air intake pipe 114 and the gas distribution device 5, and then enters the filter material assembly 2, and the cleaning water and the cleaning air are scrubbed together with the air and water through the filter assembly 2 from the bottom to the top, and the liquid in the casing is liquid.
  • the washing inlet valve 111 is closed, and then the washing drain valve 91 is opened, and the dirt trapped in the filter unit 2 and the metabolically-destroyed microbial membrane are discharged through the washing drain 9 with the washing water.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

一种纤维束气体过滤方法与装置，该方法是把若干由纤维长丝制成的纤维束滤元（21）悬挂在滤板（19、20）上构成滤料组件（2），至少一个滤料组件（2）安装在过滤器或过滤池壳体（1）内形成过滤层。在过滤层纤维长丝表面培养生长能够降解废气中有机物等物质的微生物膜具有生物处理作用，过滤时废气通过载有微生物膜的过滤层得到净化。由于纤维束滤料比表面积巨大而且滤层孔隙率很高，有很高的生物承载量，除尘和生物降解效率高，节省能源。

Description

一种纤维束气体过滤方法与装置
本申请要求申请日为2015年11月27日的中国专利申请CN201510843329.9的优先权。本申请引用上述中国专利申请的全文。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种气体过滤方法与装置，尤其是涉及一种纤维束气体过滤方法与装置。
背景技术
以往的气体过滤装置一般都是采用布袋或颗粒状滤料，用于过滤去除粉尘，在颗粒状滤料表面培养承载微生物可用于降解废气中的有机物、氨气、二氧化碳和其他有害气体等，存在的主要问题为：滤料比表面积小微生物承载量少，设备占地面积大，能耗比较高，而且滤料容易板结。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种纤维束气体过滤方法与装置，用于过滤去除气体中的粉尘或生物降解气体中的有机物、氨、氮氧化物、一氧化碳、二氧化硫、二恶英等物质。
用于实现本发明目的的一种纤维束气体过滤方法，该方法是把若干纤维束滤元悬挂在滤板上构成滤料组件，至少一个滤料组件安装在过滤器或过滤池壳体内形成过滤层，所述纤维束滤元由纤维长丝制成，或由纤维短丝制成的线制成，或由纤维长丝或短丝制成的布制成条带状。
所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上。所述上连接件或下连接件为不可伸缩的绳索、金属环等，或可伸缩的绳索、橡胶条、弹簧等。
所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上。上连接件和下连接件为相同长度的绳索。
所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上。上连接件和下连接件为绳索，下连接件较长，其长度为过滤层最大允许压缩量。
所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上。上连接件和下连接件为绳索，上连接件较长，其长度为过滤层最大允许压缩量。
所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件、胶囊、充排气母管、充排气支管、充排气阀，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上，胶囊安装在滤料组件内部，充排气支管一端与胶囊连接另一端与充排气母管连接，充排气阀安装在充排气母管上或充排气支管上。上连接件和下连接件为绳索。
所述过滤层在过滤时被压缩到一定密度或在过滤时不被压缩纤维束滤元一直保持伸展状态。
所述在过滤层纤维长丝或纤维短丝表面培养生长能够分解气体中有机物、氨、氮氧化物、一氧化碳、二氧化硫、二恶英等物质的微生物膜，过滤时废气通过载有微生物膜的过滤层得到净化。
所述纤维束气体过滤方法，根据过滤时过滤层内废气流方向分为下向流形式即废气自上而下通过过滤层，上向流形式即废气自下而上通过过滤层，侧向流形式即废气横向通过过滤层。
所述纤维束气体过滤方法，过滤层清洗时，采取气—水混合清洗，即清洗空气自下而上通过过滤层，清洗水采取上向流充水清洗和下向流排空清洗方式，或清洗水采取下向流和上向流交替清洗方式。所述上向流充水清洗即清洗水自下而上充入过滤层，所述下向流排空清洗即清洗水自上而下通过过滤层并排空，所述下向流清洗即清洗水自上而下通过过滤层，所述上向流清洗即清洗水自下而上通过过滤层。
用于实现本发明目的的一种上向流纤维束气体过滤装置，该气体过滤装置主要由壳体、滤料组件、配气装置、空气进气管、空气进气阀、风机、配水装置、过滤进气管、过滤进气阀、清洗进水管、清洗进水阀、下向流清洗排水管、下向流清洗排水阀、过滤出气管等组成。
所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上。上连接件和下连接件为相同长度的绳索。
所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上。上连接件和下连接件为绳索，下连接件较长，其长度为过滤层最大允许压缩量。
所述上连接件或下连接件为不可伸缩的绳索、金属环等，或可伸缩的绳索、橡胶条、弹簧等。
所述滤料组件安装在壳体内，配水装置、配气装置设置在滤料组件的下方，过滤出气管设置在滤料组件的上方与壳体相连，风机通过管道与配气装置连接，过滤进气阀安装在过滤进气管上，过滤进气管与风机相连，空气进气阀安装在空气进气管上，空气进气管与风机相连，清洗进水阀安装在清洗进水管上，清洗进水管与配水装置相连，清洗排水阀安装在清洗排水管上，清洗排水管与配水装置相连。
所述风机也可安装在过滤出气管上抽吸气体。
用于实现本发明目的的一种下向流纤维束气体过滤装置，该过滤装置主要由壳体、滤料组件、配气装置、清洗空气进气管、清洗空气进气阀、配水装置、过滤进气管、清洗进水管、清洗进水阀、下向流清洗排水管、下向流清洗排水阀、过滤出气管、过滤出气阀等组成。
所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上。上连接件和下连接件为相同长度的绳索。
所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上。上连接件和下连接件为绳索，上连接件较长，其长度为过滤层最大允许压缩量。所述上连接件或下连接件为不可伸缩的绳索、金属环等，或可伸缩的绳索、橡胶条、弹簧等。
所述滤料组件安装在壳体内，配水装置、配气装置设置在滤料组件的下方，过滤进气管设置在滤料组件的上方与壳体连接，过滤出气管与配气装置连接，过滤出气阀安装在过滤出气管上，清洗空气进气阀安装在清洗空气进气管上，清洗空气进气管与配气装置连接，清洗进水阀安装在清洗进水管上，清洗进水管与配水装置相连，清洗排水阀安装在清洗排水管上，清洗排水管与配水装置相连。
用于实现本发明目的的一种横向流纤维束气体过滤装置，该过滤装置主要由壳体、滤料组件、配气装置、过滤进气管、过滤进气阀、清洗进水管、清洗进水阀、下向流清洗排水管、下向流清洗排水阀、过滤出气管、过滤出气装置等组成。
所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上。上连接件和下连接件为相同长度的绳索。
所述上连接件或下连接件为不可伸缩的绳索、金属环等，或可伸缩的绳索、橡胶条、弹簧等。
所述滤料组件安装在壳体内，配水装置、配气装置设置在滤料组件的下方，过滤出气管设置在滤料组件的上方与壳体相连，风机通过管道与配气装置连接，过滤进气阀安装在过滤进气管上，过滤进气管与风机相连，空气进气阀安装在空气进气管上，空气进气管与风机相连，清洗进水阀安装在清洗进水管上，清洗进水管与配水装置相连，清洗排水阀安装在清洗排水管上，清洗排水管与配水装置相连。
用于实现本发明目的的一种胶囊压缩纤维束气体过滤装置，包括下向流形式和上向流形式，该过滤装置主要由壳体、滤料组件、配气装置、清洗空气进气管、清洗空气进气阀、配水装置、过滤进气管、清洗进水管、清洗进水阀、下向流清洗排水管、下向流清洗排水阀、过滤出气管、过滤出气阀等组成。
所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件、胶囊、充排气母管、充排气支管、充排气阀，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上，胶囊安装在滤料组件内部，充排气支管一端与胶囊连接另一端与充排气母管连接，充排气阀安装在充排气母管上或充排气支管上。上连接件和下连接件为绳索。
所述滤料组件安装在壳体内，配水装置、配气装置设置在滤料组件的下方，过滤出气阀安装在过滤出气管上，过滤出气管与壳体上部(或下部)相连，过滤进气管与壳体下部(或上部)相连，清洗进水阀安装在清洗进水管上，清洗进水管与配水装置相连，清洗排水阀安装在清洗排水管上，清洗排水管与配水装置相连。
所述纤维束气体过滤装置包括压力式和重力式，过滤时和清洗时上滤板或下滤板位置固定不动，由纤维束滤元构成的过滤层密度不改变；或过滤时和清洗时上滤板或下滤板位置固定不动，过滤层在过滤时被过滤气流压缩密度增大，在清洗时被清洗气流放松密度减小；或过滤时，上滤板或下滤板通过水力、机械力推动使过滤层压缩，清洗时，上滤板或下滤板通过水力、机械力推动使过滤层放松。
所述纤维束气体过滤装置包括压力式和重力式，根据过滤时过滤层内气流方向分为下向流形式即废气自上而下通过过滤层，上向流形式即废气自下而上通过过滤层，侧向流形式即废气横向通过过滤层。
所述纤维束气体过滤装置包括压力式和重力式，过滤层清洗时，采取气—水混合清洗，即清洗空气自下而上通过过滤层，清洗水采取上向流充水清洗和下向流排空清洗方式，或清洗水采取下向流和上向流交替清洗方式。所述上向流充水清洗即清洗水自下而 上充入过滤层，所述下向流排空清洗即清洗水自上而下通过过滤层并排空，所述下向流清洗即清洗水自上而下通过过滤层，所述上向流清洗即清洗水自下而上通过过滤层。
所述下滤板可以用重坠替代，所述上滤板可以用浮子替代。
用于制作纤维束滤元的纤维长丝可以选用表面粗糙或带沟槽的材料有利于微生物膜的形成和保持，也可以选用对微生物有选择性的材料容易形成特定功能的微生物膜。如聚丙烯纤维、聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、功能纤维、经表面处理的功能纤维等。
所述配水装置和配气装置为多孔管或滤砖或长柄滤头等。
所述纤维束滤元形成的过滤层也可用慧星滤料等短纤维堆积层代替。
为改变过滤时和清洗时纤维束形成的过滤层的密度，也可利用其它机械方法压缩和放松过滤层，或把纤维束通过扭转或缠绕在多孔管上的方法压缩和放松过滤层。
本发明的一种纤维束气体过滤方法与装置，可用于工业废气过滤除尘及生物去除有害气体，区域空气降尘及生物去除有害气体，污水厂、垃圾处理厂废气收集处理系统，使废气中的NH3、有机物和其他有害气体等生化去除。
本发明的一种纤维束气体过滤方法与装置，由于纤维束滤料比表面积巨大而且滤层孔隙率很高，有很高的生物承载量，除尘及生物降解效率高，废气生物净化最终转化为CO2、H2O等，过滤阻力小，建设投资和运行费用低，节省能源，节省占地，对环境不产生二次污染。清洗时可以方便地采取清洗水下向流排空清洗方式，或采取清洗水下向流排空清洗和上向流充水清洗方式，或采取清洗水下向流和上向流交替清洗方式，洗出纤维束滤料上吸附的粉尘颗粒及代谢死亡微生物膜及截留的污物，过滤效果好，滤料不板结。
附图说明
图1为上连接件和下连接件相同的滤料组件示意图。
图2为上连接件为不可伸缩的绳索、下连接件为可伸缩的绳索的滤料组件示意图。
图3为上连接件为可伸缩的绳索、下连接件为不可伸缩的绳索的滤料组件示意图。
图4为胶囊压缩过滤层的滤料组件示意图。
图5气体上向流通过滤料组件示意图。
图6气体下向流通过滤料组件示意图。
图7气体横向流通过滤料组件示意图。
图8为上向流纤维束气体过滤装置示意图。
图9为下向流纤维束气体过滤装置示意图。
图10为横向流纤维束气体过滤装置示意图。
图11为下向流胶囊压缩纤维束气体过滤装置示意图。
具体实施方式
参见图1，所述滤料组件2主要包括纤维束滤元21、上滤板19、下滤板20、上连接件22、下连接件23，纤维束滤元21上端通过上连接件22连接在上滤板19上，纤维束滤元21下端通过下连接件23连接在下滤板20上。上连接件22和下连接件23为相同长度的绳索。
参见图2，该过滤料组件2主要包括纤维束滤元21、上滤板19、下滤板20、上连接件22、下连接件23，纤维束滤元21上端通过上连接件22连接在上滤板19上，纤维束滤元21下端通过下连接件23连接在下滤板20上。上连接件22和下连接件23为绳索，下连接件23较长，其长度为过滤层最大允许压缩量。
参见图3，所述滤料组件2主要包括纤维束滤元21、上滤板19、下滤板20、上连接件22、下连接件23，纤维束滤元21上端通过上连接件22连接在上滤板19上，纤维束滤元21下端通过下连接件23连接在下滤板20上。上连接件22和下连接件23为绳索，上连接件22较长，其长度为过滤层最大允许压缩量。
参见图4，所述滤料组件2主要包括纤维束滤元21、上滤板19、下滤板20、上连接件22、下连接件23、胶囊201、充排气母管202、充排气支管203、充排气阀204，纤维束滤元21上端通过上连接件22连接在上滤板19上，纤维束滤元21下端通过下连接件23连接在下滤板20上，胶囊201安装在滤料组件2内部或安装在若干滤料组件2之间，充排气支管203一端与胶囊201连接另一端与充排气母管202连接，充排气阀204安装在充排气母管202上或充排气支管203上。上连接件22和下连接件23为绳索。
参见图5，气体上向流通过滤料组件的情况。
参见图6，气体下向流通过滤料组件的情况。
参见图7，气体横向流通过滤料组件的情况。
参见图1、图8，一种上向流纤维束气体过滤装置，该过滤装置主要由壳体1、滤料组件2、配气装置5、空气进气管112、空气进气阀1112、风机411、配水装置4、过滤进气管7、过滤进气阀71、清洗进水管11、清洗进水阀111、下向流清洗排水管9、下向流清洗排水阀91、过滤出气管3等组成。
所述滤料组件2主要包括纤维束滤元21、上滤板19、下滤板20、上连接件22、下 连接件23，纤维束滤元21上端通过上连接件22连接在上滤板19上，纤维束滤元21下端通过下连接件23连接在下滤板20上。上连接件22和下连接件23为相同长度的绳索。
所述滤料组件2安装在壳体1内，配水装置4、配气装置5设置在滤料组件2的下方，过滤出气管3设置在滤料组件2的上方与壳体1相连，风机411通过管道12与配气装置5相连，过滤进气阀71安装在过滤进气管7上，过滤进气管7与风机411相连，空气进气阀1112安装在空气进气管112上，空气进气管112与风机411相连，清洗进水阀111安装在清洗进水管11上，清洗进水管11与配水装置4相连，清洗排水阀91安装在清洗排水管9上，清洗排水管9与配水装置4相连。
工作原理：
首先在纤维束滤元21上培养微生物膜。过滤时，打开过滤进气阀71，过滤进气通过过滤进气阀71、打开风机411，过滤进气管7、风机411、管道12、配气装置5进入壳体1底部，然后自下而上进入滤料组件2进行过滤，打开空气进气阀1112，空气通过空气进气管112、混合器411、管道12、配气装置5进入壳体1底部，然后进入滤料组件2，空气中的氧气不断为微生物供氧，过滤后的气体从滤料组件2的上部流出，经过过滤出气管3排出。
清洗时，关闭过滤进气阀71，采取上向流下向流交替清洗：空气进气阀1112和风机411保持打开状态，打开清洗进水阀111，清洗水通过清洗进水管11、清洗进水阀111、配水装置4进入壳体1底部，自下而上通过滤料组件2进行空气和水联合擦洗，壳体内待液位达到滤料组件2上部后关闭清洗进水阀111，然后打开清洗排水阀91，滤料组件2内截留的污物及代谢死亡的微生物膜随清洗水通过清洗排水管9排出。
参见图1、图9，一种下向流纤维束气体过滤装置，该过滤装置主要由壳体1、滤料组件2、配气装置5、清洗空气进气管114、清洗空气进气阀113、配水装置4、过滤进气管7、清洗进水管11、清洗进水阀111、下向流清洗排水管9、下向流清洗排水阀91、过滤出气管3、过滤出气阀31等组成。
所述滤料组件2主要包括纤维束滤元21、上滤板19、下滤板20、上连接件22、下连接件23，纤维束滤元21上端通过上连接件22连接在上滤板19上，纤维束滤元21下端通过下连接件23连接在下滤板20上。上连接件22和下连接件23为相同长度的绳索。
所述滤料组件2安装在壳体1内，配水装置4、配气装置5设置在滤料组件2的下方，过滤出气阀31安装在过滤出气管3上，过滤出气管3设置在滤料组件2的上方与壳体1相连，过滤进气管7设置在滤料组件2上方与壳体1相连，清洗进水阀111安装在清洗进水管11上，清洗进水管11与配水装置4相连，清洗排水阀91安装在清洗排水管9上， 清洗排水管9与配水装置4相连。
工作原理：
过滤时，过滤进气通过过滤进气管7、进入壳体1上部，然后自上而下进入滤料组件2进行过滤，过滤后的气体从滤料组件2的上部流出，经过过滤出气管3过滤出气阀31排出。
清洗时，采取上向流下向流交替清洗：打开清洗进水阀111，清洗水通过清洗进水管11、清洗进水阀111、配水装置4进入壳体1底部，打开清洗空气进气阀113，清洗空气经空气进气管114、配气装置5进入壳体1底部，然后进入滤料组件2，清洗水与清洗空气自下而上通过滤料组件2进行空气和水联合擦洗，壳体内待液位达到滤料组件2上部后关闭清洗进水阀111，然后打开清洗排水阀91，滤料组件2内截留的污物及代谢死亡的微生物膜随清洗水通过清洗排水管9排出。
参见图1，图10，一种横向流纤维束气体过滤装置，该过滤装置主要由壳体1、滤料组件2、配气装置4、过滤进气管7、过滤进气阀71、清洗进水管11、清洗进水阀111、下向流清洗排水管9、下向流清洗排水阀91、过滤出气管3、过滤出气装置51等组成。
所述滤料组件2主要包括纤维束滤元21、上滤板19、下滤板20、上连接件22、下连接件23，纤维束滤元21上端通过上连接件22连接在上滤板19上，纤维束滤元21下端通过下连接件23连接在下滤板20上。上连接件22和下连接件23为相同长度的绳索。
说所过滤出气集气装置51设置在滤料组件2内。所述滤料组件2安装在壳体1内，配水装置4、配气装置5设置在滤料组件2的下方，过滤出气管3与过滤出气集气装置51相连，过滤进气阀71安装在过滤进气管7上，过滤进气管7与配气装置5相连，清洗进水阀111安装在清洗清洗进水管11上，清洗进水管11与配水装置4相连，清洗排水阀91安装在清洗排水管9上，清洗排水管9与配水装置4相连。
工作原理：
过滤时，打开过滤进气阀71，过滤进气通过过滤进气阀71，过滤进气管7，配气装置5进入壳体1底部，然后横向进入滤料组件2进行过滤，过滤后气体通过过滤出气集气装置51、过滤出气管3排出。
清洗时，关闭过滤进气阀71，采取上向流下向流交替清洗：打开清洗进水阀111，清洗水通过清洗进水管11、清洗进水阀111、配水装置4进入壳体1底部，打开清洗空气进气阀113，清洗空气经空气进气管114、配气装置5进入壳体1底部，然后进入滤料组件2，清洗水与清洗空气自下而上通过滤料组件2进行空气和水联合擦洗，壳体内待液位达到滤料组件2上部后关闭清洗进水阀111，然后打开清洗排水阀91，滤料组件2内 截留的污物及代谢死亡的微生物膜随清洗水通过清洗排水管9排出。
参见图1、图11，一种下向流胶囊压缩纤维束气体过滤装置，该过滤装置主要由壳体1、滤料组件2、配气装置5、清洗空气进气管114、清洗空气进气阀113、配水装置4、过滤进气管7、清洗进水管11、清洗进水阀111、下向流清洗排水管9、下向流清洗排水阀91、过滤出气管3、过滤出气阀31等组成。
所述滤料组件2主要包括纤维束滤元21、上滤板19、下滤板20、上连接件22、下连接件23、胶囊201、充排气母管202、充排气支管203、充排气阀204，纤维束滤元21上端通过上连接件22连接在上滤板19上，纤维束滤元21下端通过下连接件23连接在下滤板20上，胶囊201安装在滤料组件2内部，充排气支管203一端与胶囊201连接另一端与充排气母管202连接，充排气阀204安装在充排气母管202上或充排气支管203上。上连接件22和下连接件23为绳索。
所述滤料组件2安装在壳体1内，配水装置4、配气装置5设置在滤料组件2的下方，过滤出气阀31安装在过滤出气管3上，过滤出气管3设置在滤料组件2的上方与壳体1相连，过滤进气管7设置在滤料组件2上方与壳体1相连，清洗进水阀111安装在清洗进水管11上，清洗进水管11与配水装置4相连，清洗排水阀91安装在清洗排水管9上，清洗排水管9与配水装置4相连。
工作原理：
过滤时，过滤进气通过过滤进气管7、进入壳体1上部，然后自上而下进入滤料组件2进行过滤，过滤后的气体从滤料组件2的上部流出，经过过滤出气管3过滤出气阀31排出。
清洗时，采取上向流下向流交替清洗：打开清洗进水阀111，清洗水通过清洗进水管11、清洗进水阀111、配水装置4进入壳体1底部，打开清洗空气进气阀113，清洗空气经空气进气管114、配气装置5进入壳体1底部，然后进入滤料组件2，清洗水与清洗空气自下而上通过滤料组件2进行空气和水联合擦洗，壳体内待液位达到滤料组件2上部后关闭清洗进水阀111，然后打开清洗排水阀91，滤料组件2内截留的污物及代谢死亡的微生物膜随清洗水通过清洗排水管9排出。
虽然以上描述了本发明的具体实施方式，但是本领域的技术人员应当理解，这些仅是举例说明，在不背离本发明的原理和实质的前提下，可以对这些实施方式做出多种变更或修改。因此，本发明的保护范围由所附权利要求书限定。

Claims (15)

  1. 一种纤维束气体过滤方法，其特征在于，该方法是把若干纤维束滤元悬挂在滤板上构成滤料组件，至少一个滤料组件安装在过滤器或过滤池壳体内形成过滤层，所述纤维束滤元由纤维长丝制成，或由纤维短丝制成的线制成，或由纤维长丝或短丝制成的布制成条带状。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的纤维束气体过滤方法，其特征在于，所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上所述上连接件或下连接件为不可伸缩的绳索、金属环，或可伸缩的绳索、橡胶条、弹簧。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的纤维束气体过滤方法，其特征在于，所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上，上连接件和下连接件为相同长度的绳索；
    或者，所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上，上连接件和下连接件为绳索，下连接件较长，其长度为过滤层最大允许压缩量；
    或者，所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上，上连接件和下连接件为绳索，上连接件较长，其长度为过滤层最大允许压缩量；
    或者，所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件、胶囊、充排气母管、充排气支管、充排气阀，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上，胶囊安装在滤料组件内部，充排气支管一端与胶囊连接另一端与充排气母管连接，充排气阀安装在充排气母管上或充排气支管上，上连接件和下连接件为绳索。
  4. 根据权利要求l-3中至少一项所述的纤维束气体过滤方法，其特征在于，所述过滤层在过滤时被压缩到一定密度或在过滤时不被压缩纤维束滤元一直保持伸展状态。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4中至少一项所述的纤维束气体过滤方法，其特征在于，所述过滤层纤维长丝或纤维短丝表面培养生长能够分解气体中有机物、氨、氮氧化物、一氧化碳、二氧化硫、二恶英物质的微生物膜，过滤时废气通过载有微生物膜的过滤层得到净化。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5中至少一项所述的纤维束气体过滤方法，其特征在于，所述纤维束气体过滤方法，根据过滤时过滤层内废气流方向分为下向流形式即废气自上而下通过过滤层，上向流形式即废气自下而上通过过滤层，侧向流形式即废气横向通过过滤层。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中至少一项所述的纤维束气体过滤方法，其特征在于，过滤层清洗时，采取气—水混合清洗，即清洗空气自下而上通过过滤层，清洗水采取上向流充水清洗和下向流排空清洗方式，或清洗水采取下向流和上向流交替清洗方式。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中至少一项所述的纤维束气体过滤方法，其特征在于，用于制作纤维束滤元的纤维长丝选用表面粗糙或带沟槽的材料有利于微生物膜的形成和保持，选用对微生物有选择性的材料容易形成特定功能的微生物膜，聚丙烯纤维、聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、功能纤维、经表面处理的功能纤维、添加采水母粒的纤维。
  9. 一种上向流纤维束气体过滤装置，其特征在于，该气体过滤装置主要由壳体、滤料组件、配气装置、空气进气管、空气进气阀、风机、配水装置、过滤进气管、过滤进气阀、清洗进水管、清洗进水阀、下向流清洗排水管、下向流清洗排水阀、过滤出气管组成；
    所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上，上连接件和下连接件为相同长度的绳索；
    或者，所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上，上连接件和下连接件为绳索，下连接件较长，其长度为过滤层最大允许压缩量；
    所述上连接件或下连接件为不可伸缩的绳索、金属环，或可伸缩的绳索、橡胶条、弹簧；
    所述滤料组件安装在壳体内，配水装置、配气装置设置在滤料组件的下方，过滤出气管设置在滤料组件的上方与壳体相连，风机通过管道与配气装置连接，过滤进气阀安装在过滤进气管上，过滤进气管与风机相连，空气进气阀安装在空气进气管上，空气进气管与风机相连，清洗进水阀安装在清洗进水管上，清洗进水管与配水装置相连，清洗排水阀安装在清洗排水管上，清洗排水管与配水装置相连。
  10. 一种下向流纤维束气体过滤装置，其特征在于，该过滤装置主要由壳体、滤料组件、配气装置、清洗空气进气管、清洗空气进气阀、配水装置、过滤进气管、清洗进水管、清洗进水阀、下向流清洗排水管、下向流清洗排水阀、过滤出气管、过滤出气阀组成；
    所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上，上连接件和下连接件为相同长度的绳索；
    或者，所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上，上连接件和下连接件为绳索，上连接件较长，其长度为过滤层最大允许压缩量；
    所述上连接件或下连接件为不可伸缩的绳索、金属环，或可伸缩的绳索、橡胶条、弹簧；
    所述滤料组件安装在壳体内，配水装置、配气装置设置在滤料组件的下方，过滤进气管设置在滤料组件的上方与壳体连接，过滤出气管与配气装置连接，过滤出气阀安装在过滤出气管上，清洗空气进气阀安装在清洗空气进气管上，清洗空气进气管与配气装置连接，清洗进水阀安装在清洗进水管上，清洗进水管与配水装置相连，清洗排水阀安装在清洗排水管上，清洗排水管与配水装置相连。
  11. 一种横向流纤维束气体过滤装置，其特征在于，该过滤装置主要由壳体、滤料组件、配气装置、过滤进气管、过滤进气阀、清洗进水管、清洗进水阀、下向流清洗排水管、下向流清洗排水阀、过滤出气管、过滤出气装置组成；
    所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上，上连接件和下连接件为相同长度的绳索；
    所述上连接件或下连接件为不可伸缩的绳索、金属环，或可伸缩的绳索、橡胶条、弹簧；
    所述滤料组件安装在壳体内，配水装置、配气装置设置在滤料组件的下方，过滤出气管设置在滤料组件的上方与壳体相连，风机通过管道与配气装置连接，过滤进气阀安装在过滤进气管上，过滤进气管与风机相连，空气进气阀安装在空气进气管上，空气进气管与风机相连，清洗进水阀安装在清洗进水管上，清洗进水管与配水装置相连，清洗排水阀安装在清洗排水管上，清洗排水管与配水装置相连。
  12. 一种胶囊压缩纤维束气体过滤装置，包括下向流形式和上向流形式，其特征在于，该过滤装置主要由壳体、滤料组件、配气装置、清洗空气进气管、清洗空气进气阀、配水装置、过滤进气管、清洗进水管、清洗进水阀、下向流清洗排水管、下向流清洗排水阀、过滤出气管、过滤出气阀组成；
    所述滤料组件主要包括纤维束滤元、上滤板、下滤板、上连接件、下连接件、胶囊、 充排气母管、充排气支管、充排气阀，纤维束滤元上端通过上连接件连接在上滤板上，纤维束滤元下端通过下连接件连接在下滤板上，胶囊安装在滤料组件内部，充排气支管一端与胶囊连接另一端与充排气母管连接，充排气阀安装在充排气母管上或充排气支管上，上连接件和下连接件为绳索；
    所述滤料组件安装在壳体内，配水装置、配气装置设置在滤料组件的下方，过滤出气阀安装在过滤出气管上，过滤出气管与壳体上部或下部相连，过滤进气管与壳体下部或上部相连，清洗进水阀安装在清洗进水管上，清洗进水管与配水装置相连，清洗排水阀安装在清洗排水管上，清洗排水管与配水装置相连。
  13. 根据权利要求9-12中至少一项所述的纤维束气体过滤装置，包括压力式和重力式，其特征在于，过滤时和清洗时上滤板或下滤板位置固定不动，由纤维束滤元构成的过滤层密度不改变；或过滤时和清洗时上滤板或下滤板位置固定不动，过滤层在过滤时被过滤气流压缩密度增大，在清洗时被清洗气流放松密度减小；或过滤时，上滤板或下滤板通过水力、机械力推动使过滤层压缩，清洗时，上滤板或下滤板通过水力、机械力推动使过滤层放松。
  14. 根据权利要求9-12中至少一项所述的纤维束气体过滤装置，包括压力式和重力式，其特征在于，过滤层清洗时，采取气—水混合清洗，即清洗空气自下而上通过过滤层，清洗水采取上向流充水清洗和下向流排空清洗方式，或清洗水采取下向流和上向流交替清洗方式，所述上向流充水清洗即清洗水自下而上充入过滤层，所述下向流排空清洗即清洗水自上而下通过过滤层并排空，所述下向流清洗即清洗水自上而下通过过滤层，所述上向流清洗即清洗水自下而上通过过滤层。
  15. 根据权利要求9-14中至少一项所述的纤维束气体过滤装置，其特征在于，用于制作纤维束滤元的纤维长丝选用表面粗糙或带沟槽的材料有利于微生物膜的形成和保持，选用对微生物有选择性的材料容易形成特定功能的微生物膜，聚丙烯纤维、聚酯纤维、聚酰胺纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维、功能纤维、经表面处理的功能纤维、添加采水母粒的纤维。
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