WO2017088090A1

WO2017088090A1 - Antenna unit and antenna array

Info

Publication number: WO2017088090A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/095264
Authority: WO
Inventors: 耿阳; 赵建平; 张关喜
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司
Priority date: 2015-11-23
Filing date: 2015-11-23
Publication date: 2017-06-01
Also published as: CN108352622B; CN108352622A; EP3364500A4; EP3364500A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to the communication field and discloses an antenna unit and antenna array, the antenna unit comprising: a baseplate and k patches above the baseplate and parallel to the baseplate, wherein the i+1th patch is above the ith patch, k > 1 and I < k; each patch comprises a first feed point, the first feed point being connected to a first feed port, and the first feed port is used to output a first signal; or, each patch comprises the first feed point and a second feed point, the first feed point being connected to the first feed port, and the second feed point is connected to the second feed port, and the first feed port outputs a first signal, and the second feed point outputs a second signal, and the first signal and the second signal are at the same frequency and are perpendicular to each other in a polarization direction. The present invention addresses a problem in which adding a filter after the feed port to separate circuits of two signals is complex, simplifying a structure of the antenna unit.

Description

Antenna unit and antenna array

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to an antenna unit and an antenna array.

Background technique

With the rapid development of mobile communication technology and the rapid increase of mobile communication traffic, the coverage area of mobile communication networks is constantly expanding, and antennas, which are one of the key components of mobile communication, are becoming more and more important.

A conventional antenna unit includes a bottom plate, a radiation patch on the bottom plate and parallel to the bottom plate, a lead-in patch and a probe on the radiation patch and parallel to the radiation patch, the probe being driven by the bottom plate side. Forming a first feed point with the radiation patch and forming a second feed point with the lead patch, the first feed point and the second feed point being respectively connected to one feed port. Wherein, the radiation patch is used to radiate the signal energy, and the bottom plate is used to reflect the signal energy of the radiation to the ground to the patch, and the patch is used to reduce the beam angle of the radiated signal energy, so that the energy is more concentrated. . Under the action of the probe, each feed port simultaneously outputs two signals with different frequencies but the same polarization direction to achieve dual-frequency resonance. In such an antenna unit, it is necessary to add a filter after the feeding port, and separate two signals of different frequencies output from the feeding port through the filter, and then output the separated two signals. Since the circuit implementation of adding a filter after the feed port is complicated, the structure of the antenna unit is complicated.

Summary of the invention

In order to solve the problem that the circuit for adding the filter to separate the two signals after the feeding port is complicated, and the structure of the antenna unit is complicated, the embodiment of the present invention provides an antenna unit and an antenna array. The technical solution is as follows:

In a first aspect, an antenna unit is provided, the antenna unit comprising:

a bottom plate and k patches on the bottom plate and parallel to the bottom plate, wherein the i+1th patch is located on the i th patch, k>1 and i<k;

Each of the patches includes a first feed point, the first feed point is connected to a first feed port, and the first feed port is configured to output a first signal; or

Each of the patches includes a first feed point and a second feed point, the first feed point is connected to the first feed port, and the second feed point is connected to the second feed port. The first feed port outputs a first signal, and the second feed port outputs a second signal, the first signal being at the same frequency as the second signal and the polarization directions being perpendicular to each other.

In a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a center frequency point size of a frequency band i corresponding to the ith patch is negatively correlated with an area size of the ith patch.

In a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the bandwidth of the frequency band i+1 corresponding to the (i+1)th patch is between the (i+1)th patch and the i th patch The height is negatively correlated.

In conjunction with the first aspect or the first possible implementation of the first aspect or the second possible implementation of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation of the first aspect,

For the frequency band i corresponding to the i-th patch, the ith patch is a radiation patch of the frequency band i; any j-th patch is a lead patch of the frequency band i, where i <j<k+1, any mth patch is a reflective patch of the frequency point i, where m<i, the bottom plate is a reflecting plate.

In combination with the first aspect or the first possible implementation of the first aspect or the second possible implementation of the first aspect or the fourth possible implementation of the first aspect, the fifth possibility in the first aspect In an implementation manner, an area of the (i+1)th patch is less than or equal to an area of the i-th patch.

Combining the first aspect or the first possible implementation of the first aspect or the second possible implementation of the first aspect or the fourth possible implementation of the first aspect or the fifth possible implementation of the first aspect In a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the k patches and the center point of the bottom plate are on the same linear axis.

In a second aspect, an antenna array is provided, the antenna array comprising: at least two antenna elements according to any of the first aspects.

In a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the antenna array includes at least one second antenna unit, where a central location of the second antenna unit is deployed in at least one of the following: two locations in the same row Connecting the center position of the first antenna unit, or connecting the center positions of the two first antenna units in the same column, or connecting the center positions of the two second antenna units in the same row Upper, or at the center of the two second antenna units located in the same column.

With reference to the second aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the first antenna unit includes at least two patches, and the first patch Right The center frequency of the applied frequency band is lower than the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to any of the remaining patches;

The center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is higher than the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the first patch.

The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention are:

By superimposing at least two patches of different frequencies, a feed point is connected to a feed port, so that the feed port outputs only one signal without adding a filter to separate after the feed port. The signals of different frequencies solve the problem that the circuit of the dual-frequency antenna adding a filter to separate signals after the feeding port is complicated, and the structure of the antenna unit is complicated, and the effect of simplifying the structure of the antenna unit is achieved.

DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. Other drawings may also be obtained from those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the inventive work.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2A is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2B is a schematic diagram of a current direction according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2C is a schematic diagram of a first simulation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

2D is a schematic diagram of a second simulation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of still another antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of still another antenna array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of still another antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of still another antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

The embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. The antenna unit may include:

a bottom plate 110 and k patches 120 located above the bottom plate 110 and parallel to the bottom plate 110, wherein the i+1th patch 120 is located on the i-th patch 120, k>1 and i<k;

Each of the patches 120 includes a first feed point 121, the first feed point 121 is connected to the first feed port 130, and the first feed port 130 is configured to output a first signal; wherein the first signal is a monopole Signal, or,

Each patch 120 includes a first feed point 121 and a second feed point 121. The first feed point 121 is connected to the first feed port 130, and the second feed point 121 is connected to the second feed port 130. The first feed port 130 outputs a first signal, and the second feed port 130 outputs a second signal, the first signal being at the same frequency as the second signal and the polarization directions being perpendicular to each other. For ease of drawing, only one feed point 121 is shown on one patch 120 in FIG.

In summary, the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention uses a feeding point and a feeding port to connect at least two different frequency patches, so that the feeding port outputs only one signal. There is no need to add a filter after the feed port to separate signals of different frequencies, and solve the problem that the circuit of adding a filter to separate signals after the dual-frequency antenna is added to the feed port is complicated, and the structure of the antenna unit is complicated, and the problem is reached. Simplify the effect of the structure of the antenna unit.

Referring to FIG. 1 , an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention may include: a bottom plate 110 and k patches 120 located on the bottom plate 110 and parallel to the bottom plate 110, wherein the i+1th patch 120 is located at the i th Above the patch 120, k>1 and i<k.

Among them, the bottom plate 110 is made of a metal material. For example, the bottom plate 110 can be made of aluminum.

Each of the k patches 120 included in the antenna unit is parallel to the bottom plate 110, and the i+1th patch 120 is located above the i-th patch 120. That is, the projection of the i+1th patch 120 in the predetermined direction is located on the i-th patch 120, and the predetermined direction is the vertical direction of the plane where the i+1th patch 120 is located.

In a preferred embodiment, the center points of the k patches 120 and the bottom plate 110 are on the same linear axis to ensure that the pattern of the antenna elements does not shift.

Of the k patches 120, each patch 120 corresponds to one frequency band. For example, the first patch 120 corresponds to the frequency band 1 of 2.6 GHz, the second patch 120 corresponds to the frequency band 2 of 3.5 GHz, the third patch 120 corresponds to the frequency band 3 of 5 GHz, and the like.

In a first possible implementation, each patch 120 includes a first feed point 121, the first A feed point 121 is connected to the first feed port 130, and the first feed port 130 is for outputting the first signal. The first feed port 130 is located outside the patch, and the first signal is a single polarization signal.

When the first feeding point 121 on each patch 120 is connected to the first feeding port 130, the first feeding port 130 outputs only a single polarization signal, and at this time, not in the first feeding After the port 130, a filter is added to separate the signals, which solves the problem that the circuit for adding the filter to separate the two signals after the feeding port is complicated, and the structure of the antenna unit is complicated, and the effect of simplifying the structure of the antenna unit is achieved.

In a second possible implementation manner, please refer to the structural diagram of another antenna unit shown in FIG. 2A. Each patch 120 includes a first feed point 121 and a second feed point 121, and the first feed The electrical point 121 is connected to the first feeding port 130, the second feeding point 121 is connected to the second feeding port 130, the first feeding port 130 outputs a first signal, and the second feeding port 130 outputs a second signal, A signal and a second signal are at the same frequency and the polarization directions are perpendicular to each other. The first feed port 130 and the second feed port 130 are located outside the patch.

For example, when the first patch 120 corresponds to the frequency band 1 of 2.6 GHz and the polarization direction is ±45°, the first feed port 130 corresponding to the first patch 120 outputs a polarization direction of 45°. The signal of frequency band 1 of 2.6 GHz outputs a signal of frequency band 1 of 2.6 GHz with a polarization direction of -45° through the second feed port 130; when the second patch 120 corresponds to the frequency band 2 of 3.5 GHz, and the polarization When the direction is ±45°, the first feeder port 130 corresponding to the second patch 120 outputs a signal of the frequency band 2 of 3.5 GHz with a polarization direction of 45°, and the polarization direction of the output through the second feed port 130 is -45° 3.5 GHz band 2 signal.

Wherein, the shape of each feeding point 121 can be set by itself. For example, the shape of the feeding point 121 is set to a rectangle, a triangle, a circle, a regular polygon, and the like, which is not limited in this embodiment. In addition, the position of each feeding point 121 can also be set by itself, which is not described in this embodiment.

Since each of the feed ports 130 outputs only one type of signal, without adding a filter after the feed port 130 to separate the signals, each of the feed ports 130 can directly output a signal, thereby simplifying the structure of the antenna unit.

It should be noted that the antenna unit further includes a feed network 140, and each feed network 140 is connected to at least one feed port 130.

When the antenna unit provided in this embodiment is in operation, the relationship between the k patches 120 is as follows:

For the frequency band i corresponding to the i-th patch, the ith patch is the radiation patch of the frequency band i; any j-th patch is the lead patch of the frequency band i, where i<j<k+ 1, any mth patch is the frequency point i Reflective patch, where m < i, the bottom plate is a reflector.

For example, assuming that k=3, the first patch 120 still corresponds to the frequency band 1 of 2.6 GHz, the second patch 120 corresponds to the frequency band 2 of 3.5 GHz, and the third patch 120 corresponds to the frequency band 3 of 5 GHz. The example is explained. For the frequency band 1, the first patch is a radiation patch, the second patch and the third patch on the radiation patch are lead-oriented patches, and the bottom plate is a reflector; for the frequency band 2, The two patches are radiation patches, and the third patch on the radiation patch is a lead patch, and the first patch under the radiation patch is a reflective patch, and the bottom plate is a reflective panel. For the band 3, the third patch is a radiation patch, and the first patch and the second patch under the radiation patch are reflective patches, and the bottom plate is a reflector.

According to the above content, a patch 120 may be a lead patch, a radiation patch, or a reflective patch. Which patch is specifically used by the patch 120 depends on which patch 120 is relatively The frequency band works. Still taking k=3 as an example for description, the first patch is a radiating patch for the frequency band 1 and a reflective patch for the frequency band 2 and the frequency band 3; the second patch is a lead patch for the frequency band 1 for Band 2 is a radiating patch, which is a reflective patch for band 3; the third patch is a patch for band 1 and band 2, and a radiating patch for band 3.

Please refer to the current direction diagram shown in FIG. 2B. The direction of the arrow of the vertically upward arrow in the left side view is the current direction, and the two currents flow vertically from the bottom plate 110 to the first patch, when the current reaches the first sticker. The two feed points 121 of the sheet are radiated, the second patch acts as a lead, and the bottom plate acts as a reflection; when the current flows to the two feed points 121 of the second patch, the first one is radiated, the first The patch and the bottom plate are reflective, and the right side view is the structural decomposition of the antenna unit.

Generally, when a radiation patch has a plurality of guiding patches, the guiding effect of the guiding patch adjacent to the radiation patch is the largest, and the guiding effect of the remaining guiding patches is negligible; When there are multiple reflective patches in a radiation patch, the reflective patch adjacent to the radiation patch has the largest reflection effect, and the reflection of the remaining reflective patches is negligible.

In this embodiment, the center frequency point size of the frequency band i corresponding to the ith patch is negatively correlated with the area size of the ith patch. Moreover, the bandwidth of the frequency band i+1 corresponding to the i+1th patch is negatively correlated with the height between the i+1th patch and the i th patch.

In a possible implementation scenario, if the area of the i+1th patch is adjusted, the center frequency of the frequency band i+1 will change accordingly. When the i+1th patch is used as the lead of the i-th patch, adjusting the area of the i+1th patch also affects the frequency band i. In this case, the i-th patch and the first The height between the i-1 patches compensates for the effect on the band i.

It should be noted that the height between the radiation patch and the reflective patch has a higher influence on the bandwidth than the height between the patch and the radiation patch.

Since the center frequency point corresponding to the patch has a negative correlation with the area of the patch, when the multi-frequency antenna is to be realized, the area of each patch can be set to be different. Still assuming k=3, and the first patch 120 corresponds to the frequency band 1 of 2.6 GHz, the second patch 120 corresponds to the frequency band 2 of 3.5 GHz, and the third patch 120 corresponds to the frequency band 3 of 5 GHz, then The area of one patch is the largest, the area of the second patch is slightly smaller, and the area of the third patch is the smallest.

In actual implementation, when the area of the i-th patch and the i+1th patch are equal, the center frequency of the i+1th patch is pulled by the lower reflector and the reflective patch, which is slightly higher than The center frequency of the i-th patch. For example, the center frequency of the i-th patch corresponds to 3.3 GHz, and the center frequency of the i+1th frequency point is 3.5 GHz.

Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the area of the i+1th patch is less than or equal to the area of the i-th patch.

Please refer to the first simulation diagram of the antenna unit shown in FIG. 2C, in which the antenna unit satisfies the requirement of standing wave less than -10 dB at 2.5 GHz-2.7 GHz.

Please refer to the second simulation diagram of the antenna unit shown in FIG. 2D, wherein the antenna unit also satisfies the requirement of standing wave less than -10 dB from 3.4 GHz to 3.6 GHz.

It should be noted that, in the related art, each probe is connected to a first feeding point on the radiation patch, and is connected to a second feeding point on the patch, the probe is a conductor and the feeding point is The current is the largest, and a current loop is formed between the radiation patch and the lead patch. When the frequency band corresponding to the patch and the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the radiation patch are close, the patch and the radiation are led. The coupling between the patches is strong, and the radiation is directed to the patch. At this time, the patch and the radiation patch cannot be distinguished, so that the antenna unit cannot transmit and receive signals. Therefore, the implementation of the feeding point in the related art requires the antenna. The center frequency of the two frequency bands of the unit is far away. In this embodiment, when the frequency band corresponding to the patch and the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the radiation patch are relatively close, since there is no probe connection between the lead patch and the radiation patch, the lead is The coupling between the patch and the radiating patch is weak, and the guiding to the patch still plays a guiding role. Therefore, the implementation of the feeding point in the embodiment does not require the center frequency point distance of the two frequency bands of the antenna unit. far. When the center frequency of the two frequency bands of the antenna unit is relatively close, the two frequency bands can be regarded as a wide frequency band, that is, the antenna unit in this embodiment can be implemented as a wideband antenna. For example, when the center frequencies of the two frequency bands are 2.4 GHz and 3 GHz, respectively, a wideband antenna of 2.4 GHz to 3 GHz can be realized.

In summary, the antenna unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention has a stack of at least two different frequencies. In the case of overtime, a feed point is connected to a feed port, so that the feed port outputs only one type of signal, and it is not necessary to add a filter after the feed port to separate signals of different frequencies, thereby solving the dual-frequency antenna. The circuit that adds a filter to separate signals after the feed port is complicated to implement, resulting in a complicated structure of the antenna unit, and the effect of simplifying the structure of the antenna unit is achieved.

In addition, the center frequency point size of the frequency band i+1 is negatively correlated with the area size of the i+1th patch, and the bandwidth of the frequency band i+1 is between the i+1th patch and the i th patch. The height is negatively correlated, and the center frequency band of the frequency band can be adjusted by setting the area and height of the patch, thereby improving the receiving accuracy of the antenna unit.

Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention. The antenna array may include: at least two first antenna units, and the first antenna unit is the antenna unit shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2A or FIG. 2B.

At least two first antenna elements may be arranged in an antenna array. The distance between the center position of each of the first antenna elements in the first antenna unit and the center position of each of the first antenna units in the first antenna unit may be equal or different. This embodiment is not limited. The central location may also be referred to as a physical center, etc., and will not be described below.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example in which the first antenna unit includes two patches, and the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the first patch is lower than the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the second patch. The larger the area of the patch is, the smaller the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the patch is. Therefore, the area of the first patch is larger than the area of the second patch, and the outer frame 301 in FIG. 3 indicates the first one. The patch, the inner frame 302 represents the second patch. Since the distance between the adjacent two outer frames 301 is smaller than the distance between the adjacent two inner frames 302, the beamforming between the low frequency signals is relatively simple, and the beamforming effect is better. That is, the antenna array has better transmission and reception effects on low frequency signals.

The embodiment of the invention provides a schematic structural diagram of another antenna array. The antenna array may include: at least two first antenna units, and at least one second antenna unit, wherein a center position of the second antenna unit is deployed at least in one of the following manners: centers of two first antenna units in the same row Position line, or the center position of two first antenna units in the same column, or the center position of two second antenna units in the same row, or two second in the same column The center position of the antenna unit is connected. The first antenna unit is the antenna unit shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2A or FIG. 2B.

In a first possible implementation manner, the center position of the second antenna unit is located on the line connecting the center positions of the two first antenna units in the same row, or the center positions of the two second antenna units in the same row are connected. on.

When two columns of first antenna elements are spaced apart by one or two columns of second antenna elements, the center position of each of the second antenna elements is located on a line connecting the center positions of the two first antenna elements of the same row. When two columns of first antenna elements are separated by three or more columns of second antenna elements, a central position of a portion of the second antenna elements is located on a line connecting the center positions of the two first antenna elements in the same row, and a portion The center position of the second antenna unit is located on the line connecting the center positions of the two second antenna units in the same row.

Please refer to FIG. 4. FIG. 4 illustrates an example in which the first antenna unit includes two patches, and the outer frame 401 represents the first patch, and the inner frame 402 represents the second patch. The description in the illustrated embodiment.

Generally, an antenna transmitting a high frequency signal is inserted between the antennas transmitting the low frequency signal, and therefore, the second antenna unit inserted between the outer frames 401 is an antenna transmitting a high frequency signal, and the second antenna unit is indicated by a block 403. The center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is higher than the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the first patch, and the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is not limited in this embodiment. The size relationship of the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the two patches. The high frequency signal and the low frequency signal in this embodiment are relatively speaking, and do not limit the specific frequency bands of the high frequency signal and the low frequency signal, which will not be described below.

Since the distance between the adjacent two outer frames 401 is greater than the distance between the adjacent inner frame 402 and the block 403 in the row direction, the beamforming between the high frequency signals is relatively simple to implement, and the beam is relatively simple. The effect of shaping is also good, that is, the antenna array has a good transmission and reception effect on high frequency signals.

In a second possible implementation manner, the center position of the second antenna unit is located on the line connecting the center positions of the two first antenna units in the same column, or the center positions of the two second antenna units in the same column are connected. on.

When one or two rows of second antenna elements are spaced between two rows of first antenna elements, the center position of each of the second antenna elements is located on a line connecting the center positions of the two first antenna elements of the same column. When two rows of first antenna elements are separated by three or more rows of second antenna elements, the central positions of the partial second antenna elements are located on the center line of the two first antenna elements of the same column, and part of The center position of the second antenna unit is located on the line connecting the center positions of the two second antenna units in the same column.

Please refer to FIG. 5. FIG. 5 illustrates the first antenna unit including two patches as an example, and the outer frame 501 denotes the first patch, the inner frame 502 denotes the second patch, and the second antenna unit is denoted by block 503. The specific principle is shown in the description of the embodiment shown in FIG. The center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is higher than the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the first patch, and the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is not limited in this embodiment. The size relationship of the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the two patches.

Since the distance between the adjacent two outer frames 501 is greater than the distance between the adjacent inner frame 502 and the block 503 in the column direction, the beamforming between the high frequency signals is relatively simple to implement. The effect of beamforming is also good, that is, the antenna array has a good transmission and reception effect on high frequency signals.

In a third possible implementation manner, the center position of the second antenna unit is located on the line connecting the center positions of the two first antenna units in the same row, or the center positions of the two first antenna units in the same column are connected. Upper, or the center position of two second antenna units located in the same row, or the center positions of two second antenna units located in the same row.

Please refer to FIG. 6. FIG. 6 illustrates an example in which the first antenna unit includes two patches, and the outer frame 601 represents the first patch, the inner frame 602 represents the second patch, and the inner frame 602 represents the second patch. The antenna unit, the specific principle is detailed in the description in the embodiment shown in FIG. The center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is higher than the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the first patch, and the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is not limited in this embodiment. The size relationship of the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the two patches.

Since the distance between adjacent two outer frames 601 is greater than the distance between adjacent

inner frames

602 and 603 in the row direction and the column direction, beamforming between high frequency signals is performed. The implementation is relatively simple, and the effect of beamforming is also good, that is, the antenna array has a good transmission and reception effect on high frequency signals.

In a fourth possible implementation, the center position of the second antenna unit is located on a line connecting the center positions of the two first antenna units in the same column. That is, the second antenna elements of the respective columns spaced between the two rows of first antenna elements shown in FIG. 6 can be obtained by moving down a certain distance.

Please refer to FIG. 7. FIG. 7 illustrates an example in which the first antenna unit includes two patches, and the outer frame 701 represents the first patch, the inner frame 702 represents the second patch, and the outer frame 702 represents the second patch. The antenna unit, the specific principle is detailed in the description in the embodiment shown in FIG. The center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is higher than the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the first patch, and the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is not limited in this embodiment. The center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the two patches The size of the point.

Since the distance between adjacent two outer frames 701 is greater than the distance between adjacent

inner frames

702 and 703 in the row direction and the column direction, beamforming between high frequency signals The implementation is relatively simple, and the effect of beamforming is also good, that is, the antenna array has a good transmission and reception effect on high frequency signals.

It should be noted that the distance d1 between the center positions of the adjacent two high frequency antennas in FIG. 7 is equal to the distance d2 between the center positions of the adjacent two high frequency antennas in FIG. 6, and at this time, the figure The distance between the first patches of the two adjacent first antenna elements in 7 is closer to that of FIG. 6, so that the beamforming between the low frequency signals is relatively simple to implement, and the effect of beamforming is achieved. It is also preferable that the antenna array has a good transmission and reception effect on low frequency signals.

The serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for the description, and do not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps of the various examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the solution. A person skilled in the art can use different methods for implementing the described functions for each particular application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

A person skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of the description, the specific working process of the system, the device and the unit described above can refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing method embodiment, and details are not described herein again.

In the several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods may be implemented in other manners. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the unit may be only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be another division manner, for example, multiple units or components may be combined. Or it can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, each functional unit in various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit. It is also possible that each unit physically exists alone, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit.

The functions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, which is essential or contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium, including The instructions are used to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, and the like, which can store program codes. .

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention. It should be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

An antenna unit, wherein the antenna unit comprises:

a bottom plate and k patches on the bottom plate and parallel to the bottom plate, wherein the i+1th patch is located on the i th patch, k>1 and i<k;

Each of the patches includes a first feed point, the first feed point is connected to a first feed port, and the first feed port is configured to output a first signal; or

Each of the patches includes a first feed point and a second feed point, the first feed point is connected to the first feed port, and the second feed point is connected to the second feed port. The first feed port outputs a first signal, and the second feed port outputs a second signal, the first signal being at the same frequency as the second signal and the polarization directions being perpendicular to each other.
The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein a center frequency point size of a frequency band i corresponding to the ith patch is negatively correlated with an area size of the ith patch.
The antenna unit according to claim 1, wherein a bandwidth of a frequency band i+1 corresponding to the (i+1)th patch is between the (i+1)th patch and the i-th patch The height is negatively correlated.
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that

For the frequency band i corresponding to the i-th patch, the i-th patch is a radiation patch of the frequency band i, and any j-th patch is a lead patch of the frequency band i, wherein, i <j<k+1, any mth patch is a reflective patch of the frequency point i, where m<i, the bottom plate is a reflecting plate.
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an area of the (i+1)th patch is smaller than or equal to an area of the i-th patch.
The antenna unit according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the k patches and the center point of the bottom plate are on the same linear axis.
An antenna array, characterized in that the antenna array comprises at least two antenna elements according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
The antenna array according to claim 7, wherein the antenna array further comprises at least one second antenna unit, wherein a central position of the second antenna unit is deployed at least in one of the following ways: two in the same row The center position of the first antenna unit is connected to a line, or is located at a center line of two of the first antenna units in the same column, or is located at a center position of two of the second antenna units in the same row. On the line, or at the center of the two second antenna units located in the same column.
The antenna array according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the first antenna unit comprises at least two patches, and a frequency band corresponding to a frequency band corresponding to the first patch is lower than any other patch. The center frequency of the corresponding frequency band;

The center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is higher than the center frequency of the frequency band corresponding to the first patch.