CN108352622B - Antenna unit and antenna array - Google Patents
Antenna unit and antenna array Download PDFInfo
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- CN108352622B CN108352622B CN201580084117.5A CN201580084117A CN108352622B CN 108352622 B CN108352622 B CN 108352622B CN 201580084117 A CN201580084117 A CN 201580084117A CN 108352622 B CN108352622 B CN 108352622B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/40—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements
- H01Q5/42—Imbricated or interleaved structures; Combined or electromagnetically coupled arrangements, e.g. comprising two or more non-connected fed radiating elements using two or more imbricated arrays
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
- H01Q21/065—Patch antenna array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0414—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna in a stacked or folded configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
- H01Q9/0428—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave
- H01Q9/0435—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna radiating a circular polarised wave using two feed points
Abstract
The invention discloses an antenna unit and an antenna array, which relate to the field of communication, wherein the antenna unit comprises: the patch comprises a base plate and k patches which are positioned on the base plate and are parallel to the base plate, wherein the (i + 1) th patch is positioned on the ith patch, k is more than 1, and i is less than k; each patch comprises a first feeding point, the first feeding point is connected with a first feeding port, and the first feeding port is used for outputting a first signal; or each patch comprises a first feeding point and a second feeding point, the first feeding point is connected with the first feeding port, the second feeding point is connected with the second feeding port, the first feeding port outputs a first signal, the second feeding port outputs a second signal, and the first signal and the second signal have the same frequency and have mutually perpendicular polarization directions. The invention solves the problem of complex circuit realization by adding a filter behind a feed port to separate two signals, and achieves the effect of simplifying the structure of an antenna unit.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to an antenna unit and an antenna array.
Background
With the rapid development of mobile communication technology and the rapid increase of mobile communication traffic, the coverage area of a mobile communication network is continuously enlarged, and an antenna, which is one of the key components of mobile communication, becomes more and more important.
The traditional antenna unit comprises a bottom plate, a radiation patch, a guide patch and a probe, wherein the radiation patch is positioned on the bottom plate and is parallel to the bottom plate, the guide patch is positioned on the radiation patch and is parallel to the radiation patch, the probe is nailed into the bottom plate from the side of the bottom plate, a first feeding point is formed by the probe and the radiation patch, a second feeding point is formed by the probe and the guide patch, and the first feeding point and the second feeding point are respectively connected with a feeding port. The radiating patch is used for radiating signal energy, the bottom plate is used for reflecting the signal energy radiated to the ground to be guided to the patch, and the guided patch is used for reducing the beam angle of the radiated signal energy, so that the energy is more concentrated. Under the action of the probe, each feed port simultaneously outputs two signals with different frequencies and the same polarization direction to realize double-frequency resonance. In such an antenna unit, a filter needs to be added after the feed port, two signals with different frequencies output from the feed port are separated by the filter, and then the two separated signals are output. The structure of the antenna element is complicated due to the complicated circuit implementation of adding a filter after the feed port.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that a circuit for separating two signals by adding a filter behind a feed port is complex to implement, and the structure of an antenna unit is complex, the embodiment of the invention provides an antenna unit and an antenna array. The technical scheme is as follows:
in a first aspect, an antenna unit is provided, the antenna unit comprising:
the patch comprises a base plate and k patches which are positioned on the base plate and are parallel to the base plate, wherein the (i + 1) th patch is positioned on the ith patch, k is more than 1, and i is less than k;
each patch comprises a first feeding point, the first feeding point is connected with a first feeding port, and the first feeding port is used for outputting a first signal; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
each patch comprises a first feeding point and a second feeding point, the first feeding point is connected with a first feeding port, the second feeding point is connected with a second feeding port, the first feeding port outputs a first signal, the second feeding port outputs a second signal, and the first signal and the second signal have the same frequency and are mutually perpendicular in polarization direction.
In a first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the size of the center frequency point of the frequency band i corresponding to the ith patch is in a negative correlation with the area size of the ith patch.
In a second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, a bandwidth of a frequency band i +1 corresponding to the (i + 1) th patch is in a negative correlation with a height between the (i + 1) th patch and the (i) th patch.
With reference to the first aspect, or the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a third possible implementation manner of the first aspect,
for a frequency band i corresponding to an ith patch, the ith patch is a radiation patch of the frequency band i; any jth patch is a guiding patch of the frequency band i, wherein j is more than i and less than k +1, any mth patch is a reflecting patch of the frequency point i, m is more than i, and the bottom plate is a reflecting plate.
With reference to the first aspect, or the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, an area of the (i + 1) th patch is smaller than or equal to an area of the (i) th patch.
With reference to the first aspect, or the first possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or the second possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or the fourth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, or the fifth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in a sixth possible implementation manner of the first aspect, the k patches and the central point of the bottom plate are on the same linear axis.
In a second aspect, there is provided an antenna array comprising: at least two antenna elements as claimed in any one of the first aspect.
In a first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the antenna array includes at least one second antenna unit, and a central position of the second antenna unit is disposed at least according to one of the following manners: the central positions of the two first antenna units in the same row are connected with each other, or the central positions of the two first antenna units in the same column are connected with each other, or the central positions of the two second antenna units in the same row are connected with each other, or the central positions of the two second antenna units in the same column are connected with each other.
With reference to the second aspect or the first possible implementation manner of the second aspect, in a second possible implementation manner of the second aspect, the first antenna unit includes at least two patches, and a center frequency point of a frequency band corresponding to a first patch is lower than center frequency points of frequency bands corresponding to any of the other patches;
the central frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is higher than the central frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the first patch.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
when at least two patches with different frequencies are superposed, a mode that a feed point is connected with a feed port is adopted, so that the feed port only outputs one signal, a filter is not required to be added behind the feed port to separate the signals with different frequencies, the problem that the structure of an antenna unit is complicated due to the fact that a circuit of a dual-frequency antenna is complex to realize by adding the filter behind the feed port to separate the signals is solved, and the effect of simplifying the structure of the antenna unit is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2A is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of the direction of current flow provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2C is a schematic diagram of a first simulation provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2D is a diagram illustrating a second simulation according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of an antenna unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. The antenna unit may include:
a base plate 110 and k patches 120 located on the base plate 110 and parallel to the base plate 110, wherein the (i + 1) th patch 120 is located on the (i) th patch 120, k > 1 and i < k;
each patch 120 includes a first feeding point 121 thereon, the first feeding point 121 is connected to a first feeding port 130, and the first feeding port 130 is configured to output a first signal; wherein the first signal is a single-polarized signal, or,
each patch 120 includes a first feeding point 121 and a second feeding point 121, the first feeding point 121 is connected to the first feeding port 130, the second feeding point 121 is connected to the second feeding port 130, the first feeding port 130 outputs a first signal, the second feeding port 130 outputs a second signal, the first signal and the second signal have the same frequency, and the polarization directions of the first signal and the second signal are perpendicular to each other. For ease of drawing, only two feeding points 121 are included on one patch 120 in fig. 1.
In summary, in the antenna unit provided in the embodiments of the present invention, when at least two patches with different frequencies are stacked, a feeding point is connected to a feeding port, so that the feeding port outputs only one signal, and a filter is not required to be added behind the feeding port to separate signals with different frequencies, thereby solving the problem that a circuit of a dual-frequency antenna that a filter is added behind the feeding port to separate signals is complex to implement, which results in a complex structure of the antenna unit, and achieving an effect of simplifying the structure of the antenna unit.
Referring to fig. 1, an antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention may include: a base plate 110 and k patches 120 on the base plate 110 and parallel to the base plate 110, wherein the (i + 1) th patch 120 is located on the (i) th patch 120, k > 1 and i < k.
Wherein the base plate 110 is made of a metal material. For example, the base plate 110 may be made of aluminum.
The antenna unit includes k patches 120, each of the k patches 120 is parallel to the base plate 110, and the (i + 1) th patch 120 is located above the ith patch 120. That is, the projection of the (i + 1) th patch 120 in a predetermined direction, which is a vertical direction of the plane in which the (i + 1) th patch 120 is located, is located on the (i) th patch 120.
In a preferred embodiment, the k patches 120 and the central point of the base plate 110 are on the same linear axis to ensure that the pattern of the antenna element is not shifted.
Of the k tiles 120, each tile 120 corresponds to a frequency band. For example, the 1 st patch 120 corresponds to the 2.6GHz band 1, the 2 nd patch 120 corresponds to the 3.5GHz band 2, the 3 rd patch 120 corresponds to the 5GHz band 3, and so on.
In a first possible implementation, each patch 120 includes a first feeding point 121 thereon, the first feeding point 121 is connected to a first feeding port 130, and the first feeding port 130 is used for outputting a first signal. Wherein the first feed port 130 is located outside the patch, and the first signal is a single-polarized signal.
When the first feeding point 121 on each patch 120 is connected to the first feeding port 130, the first feeding port 130 outputs only a single-polarized signal, and at this time, a filter is not added behind the first feeding port 130 to separate the signals, so that the problem that the structure of the antenna unit is complicated due to the complicated circuit for separating two signals by adding the filter behind the feeding port is solved, and the effect of simplifying the structure of the antenna unit is achieved.
In a second possible implementation manner, please refer to another structure diagram of the antenna unit shown in fig. 2A, each patch 120 includes a first feeding point 121 and a second feeding point 121, the first feeding point 121 is connected to the first feeding port 130, the second feeding point 121 is connected to the second feeding port 130, the first feeding port 130 outputs a first signal, the second feeding port 130 outputs a second signal, the first signal and the second signal have the same frequency, and the polarization directions are perpendicular to each other. Wherein the first feed port 130 and the second feed port 130 are located outside the patch.
For example, when the 1 st patch 120 corresponds to the frequency band 1 of 2.6GHz and the polarization direction is ± 45 °, the first feed port 130 corresponding to the 1 st patch 120 outputs the signal of the frequency band 1 of 2.6GHz with the polarization direction of 45 °, and the second feed port 130 outputs the signal of the frequency band 1 of 2.6GHz with the polarization direction of-45 °; when the 2 nd patch 120 corresponds to the frequency band 2 of 3.5GHz and the polarization direction is ± 45 °, the signal of the frequency band 2 of 3.5GHz with the polarization direction of 45 ° is output through the first feed port 130 corresponding to the 2 nd patch 120, and the signal of the frequency band 2 of 3.5GHz with the polarization direction of-45 ° is output through the second feed port 130.
Wherein the shape of each feeding point 121 may be self-setting. For example, the shape of the feeding point 121 is set to be rectangular, triangular, circular, regular polygonal, etc., and the present embodiment is not limited thereto. In addition, the position of each feeding point 121 may also be set by itself, which is not described in detail in this embodiment.
Since each feed port 130 outputs only one signal without adding a filter after the feed port 130 to separate the signals, each feed port 130 can directly output the signals, thereby simplifying the structure of the antenna element.
It should be noted that the antenna unit further includes feeding networks 140, and each feeding network 140 is connected to at least one feeding port 130.
In the antenna unit provided in this embodiment, when operating, the correlation among the k patches 120 is as follows:
for a frequency band i corresponding to the ith patch, the ith patch is a radiation patch of the frequency band i; any jth patch is a guiding patch of the frequency band i, wherein j is more than i and less than k +1, any mth patch is a reflecting patch of the frequency point i, m is more than i, and the bottom plate is a reflecting plate.
For example, assuming that k is 3, the description will be made by taking the example that the 1 st patch 120 corresponds to the 2.6GHz band 1, the 2 nd patch 120 corresponds to the 3.5GHz band 2, and the 3 rd patch 120 corresponds to the 5GHz band 3. For the frequency band 1, the 1 st patch is a radiation patch, the 2 nd patch and the 3 rd patch which are positioned above the radiation patch are guiding patches, and the bottom plate is a reflecting plate; for the frequency band 2, the 2 nd patch is a radiation patch, the 3 rd patch positioned above the radiation patch is a guiding patch, the 1 st patch positioned below the radiation patch is a reflection patch, and the bottom plate is a reflecting plate; for frequency band 3, the 3 rd patch is a radiation patch, the 1 st patch and the 2 nd patch which are positioned below the radiation patch are reflection patches, and the bottom plate is a reflecting plate.
As can be seen from the above, a patch 120 may be a directional patch, a radiating patch, or a reflective patch, and the patch 120 is specific to which patch, depending on which frequency band the patch 120 is active with respect to. Still taking k-3 as an example for explanation, the 1 st patch is a radiating patch for frequency band 1, and is a reflecting patch for frequency band 2 and frequency band 3; the 2 nd patch is a director patch for frequency band 1, a radiator patch for frequency band 2, and a reflector patch for frequency band 3; the 3 rd patch is a director patch for band 1 and band 2 and a radiator patch for band 3.
Referring to the schematic current direction diagram shown in fig. 2B, the arrow direction of the vertically upward arrow in the left side view is the current direction, the 2-way current flows from the bottom board 110 to the 1 st patch vertically, when the current reaches the two feeding points 121 of the 1 st patch, radiation is performed, the 2 nd patch plays a guiding role, and the bottom board plays a reflecting role; when current flows to the two feeding points 121 of the 2 nd patch, radiation is performed, the 1 st patch and the bottom plate play a role of reflection, and the right side view is the structural decomposition of the antenna unit.
In general, when a plurality of directing patches exist for a certain radiation patch, the directing effect of the directing patch adjacent to the certain radiation patch is the largest, and the directing effect of the remaining directing patches is negligible; when a plurality of reflective patches are present for a certain radiation patch, the reflective action of the reflective patch adjacent to the certain radiation patch is the largest, and the reflective action of the remaining reflective patches is negligible.
In this embodiment, the size of the central frequency point of the frequency band i corresponding to the ith patch and the size of the area of the ith patch are in a negative correlation relationship. Moreover, the bandwidth of the frequency band i +1 corresponding to the (i + 1) th patch and the height between the (i + 1) th patch and the ith patch are in a negative correlation relationship.
In a possible implementation scenario, if the area of the (i + 1) th patch is adjusted, at this time, the center frequency point of the frequency band i +1 changes correspondingly. When the (i + 1) th patch is used as a leading patch of the (i) th patch, the frequency band i can be influenced by adjusting the area of the (i + 1) th patch, and at the moment, the influence on the frequency band i can be compensated by adjusting the height between the (i) th patch and the (i-1) th patch.
It should be noted that the height between the radiating patch and the reflecting patch has a higher effect on the bandwidth than the height between the director patch and the radiating patch.
Because the size of the central frequency point corresponding to the patch is in a negative correlation with the size of the area of the patch, the area of each patch can be set to be unequal when the multi-frequency antenna is to be realized. Still assuming that k is 3, and the 1 st patch 120 corresponds to the 2.6GHz band 1, the 2 nd patch 120 corresponds to the 3.5GHz band 2, and the 3 rd patch 120 corresponds to the 5GHz band 3, then the area of the 1 st patch is the largest, the area of the 2 nd patch is slightly smaller, and the area of the 3 rd patch is the smallest.
In actual implementation, when the area of the ith patch is equal to that of the (i + 1) th patch, the central frequency point of the (i + 1) th patch is dragged by the lower reflecting plate and the lower reflecting patch, and is slightly higher than the central frequency point of the ith patch. For example, the central frequency point corresponding to the ith patch is 3.3GHz, and the central frequency point corresponding to the (i + 1) th frequency point is 3.5 GHz.
Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the area of the (i + 1) th patch is smaller than or equal to the area of the (i) th patch.
Please refer to a first simulation diagram of the antenna unit shown in fig. 2C, wherein the antenna unit satisfies the requirement that the standing wave is less than-10 dB at 2.5GHz-2.7 GHz.
Please refer to a second simulation diagram of the antenna unit shown in fig. 2D, wherein the antenna unit also satisfies the requirement that the standing wave is less than-10 dB at 3.4GHz-3.6 GHz.
It should be noted that, in the related art, each probe is connected to a first feeding point on the radiation patch, and is connected to a second feeding point on the leading patch, the probe is a conductor, and the current at the feeding point is the largest, at this time, a current loop is formed between the radiation patch and the leading patch, when the distance between the center frequency points of the frequency band corresponding to the leading patch and the frequency band corresponding to the radiation patch is relatively short, the coupling between the leading patch and the radiation patch is relatively strong, the leading patch plays a radiation role, at this time, the leading patch and the radiation patch cannot be distinguished, so that the antenna unit cannot transmit and receive signals, therefore, the distance between the center frequency points of the two frequency bands of the antenna unit is relatively long as required by the implementation manner of the feeding point in. In this embodiment, when the distance between the center frequency points of the frequency band corresponding to the directing patch and the frequency band corresponding to the radiation patch is short, the directing patch is not connected with the radiation patch by the probe, so that the coupling between the directing patch and the radiation patch is weak, and the directing patch still plays a directing role, and therefore, the distance between the center frequency points of the two frequency bands of the antenna unit is not required to be long in the implementation manner of the feed point in this embodiment. When the distance between the center frequency points of the two frequency bands of the antenna unit is short, the two frequency bands can be regarded as a wider frequency band, that is, the antenna unit in this embodiment can be implemented as a broadband antenna. For example, when the center frequency points of the two frequency bands are 2.4GHz and 3GHz, respectively, a broadband antenna of 2.4GHz-3GHz can be realized.
In summary, in the antenna unit provided in the embodiments of the present invention, when at least two patches with different frequencies are stacked, a feeding point is connected to a feeding port, so that the feeding port outputs only one signal, and a filter is not required to be added behind the feeding port to separate signals with different frequencies, thereby solving the problem that a circuit of a dual-frequency antenna that a filter is added behind the feeding port to separate signals is complex to implement, which results in a complex structure of the antenna unit, and achieving an effect of simplifying the structure of the antenna unit.
In addition, the size of the central frequency point of the frequency band i +1 and the area size of the (i + 1) th patch are in a negative correlation relationship, the bandwidth of the frequency band i +1 and the height between the (i + 1) th patch and the ith patch are in a negative correlation relationship, the central frequency band of the frequency band can be adjusted by setting the area and the height of the patches, and the receiving accuracy of the antenna unit is improved.
Referring to fig. 3, a schematic structural diagram of an antenna array according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. The antenna array may include: at least two first antenna units, wherein the first antenna units are the antenna units shown in fig. 1 or fig. 2A or fig. 2B.
The at least two first antenna elements may be arranged in an antenna array. The distance between the center positions of each first antenna element in the first antenna element row and the distance between the center positions of each first antenna element in the first antenna element column may be equal or different, and this embodiment is not limited. The central position may also be referred to as a physical center, etc., and will not be described in detail below.
Fig. 3 illustrates an example in which the first antenna unit includes two patches, and a center frequency point of a frequency band corresponding to the 1 st patch is lower than a center frequency point of a frequency band corresponding to the 2 nd patch. Since the larger the area of the patch is, the smaller the center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the patch is, the area of the 1 st patch is larger than that of the 2 nd patch, in fig. 3, the 1 st patch is represented by an outer frame 301, and the 2 nd patch is represented by an inner frame 302. Because the distance between two adjacent outer frames 301 is smaller than the distance between two adjacent inner frames 302, the implementation of beam forming between low-frequency signals is simpler, and the beam forming effect is better, that is, the antenna array has better receiving and transmitting effects on the low-frequency signals.
The embodiment of the invention provides a structural schematic diagram of another antenna array. The antenna array may include: at least two first antenna units and at least one second antenna unit, wherein the center position of the second antenna unit is at least arranged according to one of the following modes: the central positions of the two first antenna units in the same row are connected with each other, or the central positions of the two first antenna units in the same column are connected with each other, or the central positions of the two second antenna units in the same row are connected with each other, or the central positions of the two second antenna units in the same column are connected with each other. The first antenna unit is the antenna unit shown in fig. 1, 2A or 2B.
In a first possible implementation manner, the center positions of the second antenna units are located on a center position connection line of two first antenna units in the same row, or located on a center position connection line of two second antenna units in the same row.
When one or two columns of second antenna units are arranged between two columns of first antenna units, the central position of each second antenna unit is positioned on the central position connecting line of two first antenna units in the same row. When three or more than three second antenna units are spaced between two columns of first antenna units, the central positions of part of the second antenna units are positioned on the central position connecting line of the two first antenna units in the same row, and the central positions of part of the second antenna units are positioned on the central position connecting line of the two second antenna units in the same row.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 illustrates an example in which the first antenna unit includes two patches, and an outer frame 401 represents a 1 st patch, and an inner frame 402 represents a 2 nd patch, and the specific principle is described in detail in the embodiment shown in fig. 3.
Generally, an antenna for transmitting a high frequency signal is inserted between antennas for transmitting a low frequency signal, and thus, a second antenna unit inserted between the frames 401 is an antenna for transmitting a high frequency signal, and the second antenna unit is represented by a block 403. The center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is higher than the center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the 1 st patch, and the size relationship between the center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit and the center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the 2 nd patch is not limited in this embodiment. The high-frequency signal and the low-frequency signal in this embodiment are relatively general, and specific frequency bands of the high-frequency signal and the low-frequency signal are not limited, which will not be described in detail below.
Because the distance between two adjacent outer frames 401 is greater than the distance between the adjacent inner frame 402 and the frame 403 in the row direction, the implementation of beam forming between high-frequency signals is relatively simple, and the effect of beam forming is also better, that is, the antenna array has better receiving and transmitting effects on the high-frequency signals.
In a second possible implementation manner, the center position of the second antenna unit is located on a center position connecting line of two first antenna units in the same column, or on a center position connecting line of two second antenna units in the same column.
When one or two rows of second antenna units are spaced between two rows of first antenna units, the central position of each second antenna unit is located on a central position connecting line of two first antenna units in the same column. When three or more than three rows of second antenna units are arranged between two rows of first antenna units, the central positions of part of the second antenna units are positioned on a central position connecting line of two first antenna units in the same column, and the central positions of part of the second antenna units are positioned on a central position connecting line of two second antenna units in the same column.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 illustrates an example in which the first antenna unit includes two patches, and the outer frame 501 represents the 1 st patch, the inner frame 502 represents the 2 nd patch, and the block 503 represents the second antenna unit, and the specific principle is detailed in the embodiment shown in fig. 3. The center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is higher than the center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the 1 st patch, and the size relationship between the center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit and the center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the 2 nd patch is not limited in this embodiment.
Because the distance between two adjacent outer frames 501 is greater than the distance between the adjacent inner frame 502 and the frame 503 in the column direction, the implementation of beam forming between high-frequency signals is relatively simple, and the effect of beam forming is also better, that is, the antenna array has better receiving and transmitting effects on the high-frequency signals.
In a third possible implementation manner, the center positions of the second antenna elements are located on a center position connection line of two first antenna elements in the same row, or located on a center position connection line of two first antenna elements in the same column, or located on a center position connection line of two second antenna elements in the same row, or located on a center position connection line of two second antenna elements in the same column.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 illustrates an example in which the first antenna unit includes two patches, the outer frame 601 represents the 1 st patch, the inner frame 602 represents the 2 nd patch, and the block 603 represents the second antenna unit, and the specific principle is described in the embodiment shown in fig. 3. The center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is higher than the center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the 1 st patch, and the size relationship between the center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit and the center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the 2 nd patch is not limited in this embodiment.
Because the distance between two adjacent outer frames 601 is greater than the distance between the adjacent inner frame 602 and the adjacent frame 603 in the row direction and the column direction, the implementation of beam forming between high-frequency signals is relatively simple, and the effect of beam forming is also good, that is, the antenna array has a good receiving and transmitting effect on the high-frequency signals.
In a fourth possible implementation manner, the central position of the second antenna unit is located on a central position connecting line of two first antenna units in the same column. That is, the second antenna elements in each column spaced apart from the first antenna elements in the two columns shown in fig. 6 may be shifted down by a predetermined distance.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 illustrates an example in which the first antenna unit includes two patches, and the outer frame 701 represents the 1 st patch, the inner frame 702 represents the 2 nd patch, and the block 703 represents the second antenna unit, and the specific principle is described in the embodiment shown in fig. 3. The center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is higher than the center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the 1 st patch, and the size relationship between the center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit and the center frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the 2 nd patch is not limited in this embodiment.
Because the distance between two adjacent outer frames 701 is greater than the distance between the adjacent inner frame 702 and the adjacent frame 703 in the row direction and the column direction, the implementation of beam forming between high-frequency signals is relatively simple, and the beam forming effect is better, that is, the antenna array has a better receiving and transmitting effect on the high-frequency signals.
It should be noted that, the distance d1 between the center positions of the two adjacent high-frequency antennas in fig. 7 is equal to the distance d2 between the center positions of the two adjacent high-frequency antennas in fig. 6, and at this time, the distance between the 1 st patches of the two adjacent first antenna elements in fig. 7 is closer to that in fig. 6, so that the implementation of beam forming between low-frequency signals is simpler, and the beam forming effect is better, that is, the antenna array has better receiving and transmitting effects on low-frequency signals.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present invention.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units may be merely a logical division, and in actual implementation, there may be another division, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. An antenna unit, characterized in that the antenna unit comprises:
the patch comprises a bottom plate and k patches which are positioned on the bottom plate and are parallel to the bottom plate, wherein the (i + 1) th patch is positioned on the ith patch, for a frequency band i corresponding to the ith patch, the ith patch is a radiation patch of the frequency band i, any jth patch is a guiding patch of the frequency band i, any mth patch is a reflection patch of the frequency band i, k is more than 1 and i is less than k, i is less than j and less than k +1, m is less than i, and the bottom plate is a reflection plate;
each patch comprises a first feeding point, the first feeding point is connected with a first feeding port, and the first feeding port is used for outputting a first signal; alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
each patch comprises a first feeding point and a second feeding point, the first feeding point is connected with a first feeding port, the second feeding point is connected with a second feeding port, the first feeding port outputs a first signal, the second feeding port outputs a second signal, and the first signal and the second signal have the same frequency and are mutually perpendicular in polarization direction.
2. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein the size of the center frequency point of the frequency band i corresponding to the ith patch is in a negative correlation with the area size of the ith patch.
3. The antenna unit of claim 1, wherein a bandwidth of a frequency band i +1 corresponding to the i +1 th patch is in a negative correlation with a height between the i +1 th patch and the i-th patch.
4. An antenna unit according to any of claims 1-3, characterized in that the area of the (i + 1) th patch is smaller than or equal to the area of the (i) th patch.
5. An antenna unit according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the k patches and the centre point of the chassis are on the same linear axis.
6. An antenna array comprising at least two antenna elements as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3.
7. An antenna array according to claim 6, further comprising at least one second antenna element, the second antenna element being centrally located at least one of: the central positions of the two antenna units in the same row are connected with each other, or the central positions of the two antenna units in the same column are connected with each other, or the central positions of the two second antenna units in the same row are connected with each other, or the central positions of the two second antenna units in the same column are connected with each other.
8. An antenna array according to claim 7, wherein the antenna unit comprises at least two patches, and a central frequency point of a frequency band corresponding to a first patch is lower than central frequency points of frequency bands corresponding to any of the other patches;
the central frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the second antenna unit is higher than the central frequency point of the frequency band corresponding to the first patch.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/CN2015/095264 WO2017088090A1 (en) | 2015-11-23 | 2015-11-23 | Antenna unit and antenna array |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108352622A CN108352622A (en) | 2018-07-31 |
| CN108352622B true CN108352622B (en) | 2020-05-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580084117.5A Active CN108352622B (en) | 2015-11-23 | 2015-11-23 | Antenna unit and antenna array |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3364500A4 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN108352622B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017088090A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2019116970A1 (en) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-06-20 | 株式会社村田製作所 | High-frequency module and communication device |
| KR102566993B1 (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2023-08-14 | 삼성전자주식회사 | An antenna module and a radio frequency apparatus including the same |
| CN112563761B (en) * | 2019-09-25 | 2022-07-22 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | Antenna device and signal processing method |
| CN111509405B (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-12-24 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | Antenna module and electronic equipment |
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| CN1483230A (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2004-03-17 | I | Patch antenna for operating in at least two frequency ranges |
| JP2010226633A (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-10-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Microstrip antenna |
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| CN103259085A (en) * | 2013-05-02 | 2013-08-21 | 深圳市华信天线技术有限公司 | Combined antenna and handheld antenna device |
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| ATE248443T1 (en) * | 1999-10-26 | 2003-09-15 | Fractus Sa | NESTED MULTI-BAND GROUP ANTENNAS |
| US6795020B2 (en) * | 2002-01-24 | 2004-09-21 | Ball Aerospace And Technologies Corp. | Dual band coplanar microstrip interlaced array |
| DE102007060083A1 (en) * | 2007-12-13 | 2009-06-18 | Kathrein-Werke Kg | Multiple gaps-multi bands-antenna-array has two groups provided by emitters or emitter modules, where emitters are formed for transmitting or receiving in common frequency band |
| JP2015216577A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-12-03 | 富士通株式会社 | Antenna device |
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2015
- 2015-11-23 EP EP15909003.4A patent/EP3364500A4/en not_active Ceased
- 2015-11-23 WO PCT/CN2015/095264 patent/WO2017088090A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-11-23 CN CN201580084117.5A patent/CN108352622B/en active Active
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| US4089003A (en) * | 1977-02-07 | 1978-05-09 | Motorola, Inc. | Multifrequency microstrip antenna |
| CN1483230A (en) * | 2000-12-21 | 2004-03-17 | I | Patch antenna for operating in at least two frequency ranges |
| JP2010226633A (en) * | 2009-03-25 | 2010-10-07 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Microstrip antenna |
| CN102117964A (en) * | 2011-03-11 | 2011-07-06 | 深圳市华信天线技术有限公司 | Double-frequency antenna |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108352622A (en) | 2018-07-31 |
| WO2017088090A1 (en) | 2017-06-01 |
| EP3364500A4 (en) | 2018-09-05 |
| EP3364500A1 (en) | 2018-08-22 |
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