WO2017082205A1 - Roulement à rouleaux destiné à des environnements à très basse température - Google Patents

Roulement à rouleaux destiné à des environnements à très basse température Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017082205A1
WO2017082205A1 PCT/JP2016/082969 JP2016082969W WO2017082205A1 WO 2017082205 A1 WO2017082205 A1 WO 2017082205A1 JP 2016082969 W JP2016082969 W JP 2016082969W WO 2017082205 A1 WO2017082205 A1 WO 2017082205A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cage
rolling bearing
annular
expansion coefficient
thermal expansion
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/082969
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
鈴木　康介
Original Assignee
Ntn株式会社
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ntn株式会社 filed Critical Ntn株式会社
Publication of WO2017082205A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017082205A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D7/00—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts
    • F04D7/02—Pumps adapted for handling specific fluids, e.g. by selection of specific materials for pumps or pump parts of centrifugal type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D13/08—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven for submerged use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/046—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/04—Shafts or bearings, or assemblies thereof
    • F04D29/046—Bearings
    • F04D29/049—Roller bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/02—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows
    • F16C19/04—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly
    • F16C19/06—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing balls essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows for radial load mainly with a single row or balls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/38—Ball cages
    • F16C33/44—Selection of substances

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rolling bearing for a cryogenic environment that is used at a cryogenic temperature, such as a bearing of a submerged pump that transports a liquefied gas in a cryogenic state such as liquefied natural gas.
  • a rolling bearing used in an environment where an extremely low temperature liquefied gas such as ⁇ 40 ° C. or lower or ⁇ 100 to ⁇ 200 ° C. exists, or an environment where these gases are handled can be liquid lubricated with ordinary lubricating oil. It is impossible to expect, and it is necessary to withstand severe conditions such as low temperatures and difficulty in normal liquid lubrication because the strength and durability are likely to decrease due to shrinkage deformation of parts.
  • Liquefied natural gas which is a representative example of substances handled in a cryogenic environment, is a substance that contains methane as the main component and does not become a liquid under normal pressure unless it is below -161.5 ° C (about -162 ° C). Yes, used for fuel and industrial raw materials.
  • liquefied gas used for a refrigerant, a heat medium, a filling gas, and the like include nitrogen and helium.
  • a submerged pump in which the entire pump including the motor is immersed in the liquid does not require a mechanical seal and is excellent in airtightness.
  • the bearings mounted on the submerged pump are used in motor shafts and other important places as needed.
  • impellers are attached to the lower part of the main shaft, so they are attached to the top and bottom of the vertical rotor.
  • Rolling bearings must also be able to withstand harsh usage environments in which they are in a vertical usage state that supports a rotating shaft in the vertical direction and are lubricated and cooled by LNG with low viscosity and poor lubricity.
  • Rolling bearings that hold the vertical shaft in such a manner are required to have shape symmetry in the direction around the axis and in the axial (vertical) direction so as not to cause shaft runout due to vibration.
  • the type of cage to be used it is not preferable to use a general-purpose crown type cage or comb type cage.
  • a conventional rolling bearing of a pump for a liquefied gas has a ring-shaped cage that rotatably holds a plurality of spherical rolling elements in an annular space between an inner ring and an outer ring with a space in the circumferential direction of the ring.
  • the retainer is made of a self-lubricating resin material in which a pair of annular divided bodies that can be divided into two in the annular axial direction are joined together by a metal rivet or the like. (Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 below).
  • a split cage of the rolling bearing B shown in FIG. 5 it has segments 20 and 21 made of synthetic resin and metal rivets 22 facing each other in the axial direction, and a head portion 23 or a caulking portion 24 of the rivet 22 between the corresponding segments 20 and 21, an elastically deformable urging member 25 such as a disc spring washer is interposed via a plain washer 26 in a state of being elastically contracted in the axial direction. It is known (the following patent document 3).
  • the split cage of the rolling bearing is integrally coupled with a metal rivet, and a resin-based material such as a fluororesin is adopted as the material of the cage, so that the environment near room temperature is used.
  • a resin-based material such as a fluororesin
  • the shrinkage of the resin cage is larger than the metal such as steel, by shrinking in proportion to the inherent linear expansion coefficient, There is a possibility that the joint state may be loosened on the abutting surfaces of the pair of annular divided bodies by the metal rivets.
  • the object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, and a cryogenic environment in which a fluororesin cage of a rolling bearing is integrally joined with a pair of annular divided bodies that can be divided in an annular axial direction.
  • rolling bearings for use without using disc spring washers, spring washers, etc., without increasing the number of these parts, and at a cryogenic temperature between a pair of annular divided bodies by fastening pins such as steel rivets assembled at room temperature
  • fastening pins such as steel rivets assembled at room temperature
  • a cage having a pocket hole that rotatably holds the rolling element with an interval in the annular circumferential direction is provided.
  • This cage is formed by integrally joining a pair of annular segments that can be divided in the annular axial direction, and penetrates in the axial direction of each annular segment through a plurality of contact surfaces of both annular segments.
  • the cage is made of a fluororesin material
  • the fastening pin is a rolling bearing for a cryogenic environment characterized in that at least a shaft portion is a fastening pin made of a resin material having a high thermal expansion coefficient exceeding the thermal expansion coefficient of the fluororesin-based material of the cage.
  • a pair of annular divided bodies are integrated with a fastening pin, and at least a shaft portion of the fastening pin is made of the fluororesin-based material of the cage. Because it is made of a resin material with a high thermal expansion coefficient that exceeds the thermal expansion coefficient, when the temperature is changed from a normal temperature state to an extremely low temperature state, the fastening pin that is greatly heat-shrinked compared to the annular divided body has a reduced shaft length, and the contraction is reduced.
  • the large diameter part at both ends of the shaft is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the annular segment by the length to prevent radial loosening and rattling of the retainer fastening pin, and the cryogenic temperature between the pair of annular segments. Looseness and gaps are reduced on the lower joint surface, and the rolling elements rotate smoothly to stabilize the bearing performance at a very low temperature in a good state.
  • the resin material having a high thermal expansion coefficient is preferably a resin material having a linear expansion coefficient of 100 [ ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / K] or more.
  • a high thermal expansion resin material include silicone resin, polyethylene resin, nylon 6,6, and rubber.
  • a cage for a rolling bearing for a cryogenic environment is formed by integrally joining a pair of annular divided bodies made of a fluororesin material, and the fastening pin has at least a shaft portion of the fluororesin of the cage. Because it consists of a resin material with a high thermal expansion coefficient that exceeds the thermal expansion coefficient of the system material, loosening and gaps do not occur on the joint surface in the use state under cryogenic temperatures between a pair of annular divided bodies by fastening pins assembled at room temperature, In particular, there is an advantage of a rolling bearing for a cryogenic environment in which the rolling element is smoothly rotated and the bearing performance is stable without increasing the number of parts such as a disc spring washer and a spring washer.
  • the rolling bearing A 1 for the cryogenic environment is composed of a plurality of spheres in an annular space between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 at intervals in the annular circumferential direction.
  • a cage 5 in which pocket holes 4 for rotatably holding the rolling element 3 are formed at equal intervals is provided, and the cage 5 integrally couples a pair of annular divided bodies 5a and 5b that can be divided in the annular axial direction. It is a thing.
  • a plurality of contact surfaces in a state where the pair of annular divided bodies 5a and 5b are abutted with each other are provided with through holes 6 penetrating in the axial direction of the annular divided bodies 5a and 5b, respectively.
  • This is a rolling bearing in which a pair of annular divided bodies 5a and 5b are fastened together with the fastening pin 7 that has been made.
  • Inner ring 1 and outer ring 2 are made of steel materials such as stainless steel, high-speed tool steel, bearing steel, and carburized steel.
  • Subzero treatment also referred to as deep cooling treatment
  • a rolling element 3 made of ceramic balls with a cage 5 made of PTFE and provide a hard film mainly composed of diamond-like carbon having a predetermined hardness on the surfaces of the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2.
  • a hard film mainly composed of diamond-like carbon having a predetermined hardness on the surfaces of the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2.
  • the cage 5 described above has a well-known cylinder (ring) shape such as a cylindrical body having a size that fits in the annular space between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2, and a pair of rings divided into two in the annular axial direction.
  • the divided surfaces 5a and 5b are joined together by abutting the divided surfaces so as to be in a state before the division.
  • the split surfaces of the pair of annular divided bodies 5a and 5b have a joint configuration by so-called “joint joint” by projecting the inner peripheral side of one end face of the annular divided bodies 5a and 5b and recessing the other inner peripheral side. Adopted.
  • the annular divided bodies 5a and 5b constituting the cage 5 are preferably formed of a fluororesin material having solid lubricity.
  • a fluororesin such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) resin, or a fluororesin Polymer alloys, etc. with other resins are preferred because of their high strength in use even at extremely low temperatures, and if they are relatively excellent in slidability, resins other than fluorine-based resins may be used either partially or alloyed. be able to.
  • Non-fluorine-based resins referred to in such cases include polyamide resins (for example, polyamide 46, polyamide 66, polyamide 9T, etc.), polycarbonates, polyether ketone resins, polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyphenylene sulfide resins, and the like. Can be mentioned.
  • polyamide resins for example, polyamide 46, polyamide 66, polyamide 9T, etc.
  • polycarbonates for example, polyether ketone resins, polyphenylene oxide (PPO), polyphenylene sulfide resins, and the like.
  • PPO polyphenylene oxide
  • the through hole 6 is provided with a diameter and a shape through which the shaft portion of the fastening pin 7 can be inserted, and is not particularly limited to a circular hole shape, and may be a polygonal hole or other well-known hole. good.
  • the fastening pin 7 preferably has a rivet shape in which a head 7a having a diameter larger than the diameter of the through-hole 6 is formed at one end, and the shape of the head 7a is a disk shape, a polygonal disk shape, or a hemispherical shape.
  • the shape is a frustum shape and is not limited to the illustrated shape.
  • a screw hole 7b is formed at the other end of the fastening pin 7 where the large-diameter head portion 7a is not formed, so that a separately provided fastening screw 7c can be screwed.
  • the fastening pin 7 has a shaft length that does not protrude from the other end of the through hole 6 when the shaft portion is inserted from one end of the through hole 6.
  • a screw 7 c is inserted into the other end of the through hole 6, and the tip of the screw 7 c can be inserted into the screw hole 7 b formed at the tip of the fastening pin 7 and fastened.
  • the fastening pin 7 is made of a resin material having a high thermal expansion coefficient, at least the shaft portion, that is, only the shaft portion, or the shaft and the head portion at one end or both ends exceeds the thermal expansion coefficient of the fluororesin-based material of the cage 5.
  • the linear expansion coefficient of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) which is a typical example of the fluororesin-based material used in the cage 5, is 45 to 70 [ ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / K].
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • a resin material having a high linear expansion coefficient of 100 [ ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / K] or more as shown in Table 1 below is preferably employed so as to sufficiently exceed the expansion coefficient.
  • the rolling bearing A 2 for the cryogenic environment of the second embodiment is replaced with the fastening pin 7 in which the large-diameter head 7 a of the first embodiment is formed from the beginning before use.
  • the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment except that a cylindrical fastening pin 8 having screw holes 8b formed at both ends is used so that fixing screws 8a can be inserted and screwed at both ends.
  • Rolling bearing for cryogenic environment is replaced with a cylindrical fastening pin 8 having screw holes 8b formed at both ends.
  • a pair of annular divided bodies are integrated with fastening pins 7 and 8, and at least the shaft portion of the fastening pins 7 and 8 Since it is made of a resin material having a high thermal expansion coefficient that exceeds the thermal expansion coefficient of the fluororesin-based material, the fastening pins 7 and 8 that are greatly heat-shrinked compared to the annular segment when the room temperature is changed to the cryogenic state are The length is reduced, and the large-diameter portions at both ends of the shaft are pressed against the outer peripheral surfaces of the annular divided bodies 5a and 5b by the reduced length, so that the joint surfaces at the cryogenic temperature between the annular divided bodies of the cage are reduced.
  • the rolling elements 3 are smoothly rotated to stabilize the bearing performance at a very low temperature in a good state.
  • the rolling bearings for cryogenic environments according to the first and second embodiments are used not only in rolling bearings for liquefied gas pumps but also in cryogenic environments used for supporting satellite antennas and driving devices, for example. It may be a rolling bearing.
  • the rolling bearing When the application of the rolling bearing is a pump for liquefied gas, it may be a submerged pump for liquefied natural gas (LNG), but in that case, since the rolling bearing directly contacts the cryogenic LNG, the rolling bearing for the cryogenic environment according to the present invention has a remarkable effect that it can withstand long-term use and is excellent in durability that does not deteriorate wear resistance and lubricity.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the submerged pump for liquefied natural gas exhibits airtightness in a pot (pressure vessel) P by immersing the entire pump in the liquid.
  • a pot pressure vessel
  • the motor shaft 10 is integrally connected coaxially.
  • the pot P is opened with the LNG suction port 11 facing outward, and has a discharge port 12 leading to an external pipe (not shown).
  • the motor 13 mounted in the pot P is connected to the upper and lower sides of the motor shaft 10 rotated by an external power source with the ball bearing A 1 or A 2 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 or 3 (in FIG. 4).
  • a plurality of impellers (impellers) 14 are attached to a pump shaft 9 that rotates integrally with the motor shaft 10.
  • the flow path in the illustrated apparatus of the pump is such that the LNG flowing from the suction port 11 into the pot P along the inner surface of the pot P by the impeller 14 that rotates integrally with the pump shaft 9 by the driven motor 13. It flows downward and flows into the discharge port 12 from the pipe 16 inside the cylindrical inner wall 15 arranged around the impeller 14, and is sucked in from the lowermost portion of the multistage impeller 14.
  • the other pipe 17 inside the cylindrical inner wall 15 flows in the motor 13 as a lubricating liquid, lubricates and cools the ball bearing A, merges with the downward flow along the inner surface of the pot P, and again multistage. Is sucked from the tip of the impeller 14.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

Dans la présente invention, dans une cage (5) dans laquelle des trous borgnes (4) sont formés à intervalles égaux, une paire de segments circulaires (5a, 5b) qui peuvent être fractionnés dans la direction axiale du disque est fixée en tant que pièce unique avec des broches de fixation (7). Au moins la partie d'arbre des broches de fixation (7) est constituée d'un matériau en résine avec un coefficient de dilatation thermique élevé qui dépasse le coefficient de dilatation thermique du matériau à base de résine fluorée de la cage (5). Dans des conditions de très basse température, les longueurs des tiges des broches de fixation (7), qui se sont thermiquement contractées davantage que les segments circulaires, se réduisent, pressant les parties de grand diamètre de l'une et l'autre des extrémités d'arbre sur les surfaces externes des segments circulaires (5a, 5b) de la longueur dudit retrait, et réduisant le relâchement et la formation d'espace des surfaces de raccordement des segments de cage circulaires les uns par rapport aux autres à de très basses températures.
PCT/JP2016/082969 2015-11-09 2016-11-07 Roulement à rouleaux destiné à des environnements à très basse température WO2017082205A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP2015219196 2015-11-09
JP2015-219196 2015-11-09

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020050020A1 (fr) * 2018-09-04 2020-03-12 日立ジョンソンコントロールズ空調株式会社 Compresseur électrique, et dispositif de climatisation et de réfrigération l'utilisant
CN113738764A (zh) * 2021-08-30 2021-12-03 西安交通大学 一种具有热-力双负性超结构的低噪音保持架

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1172161A (en) * 1966-01-13 1969-11-26 Nadella Improvements in or relating to Roller Bearing Assemblies
JPH11210665A (ja) * 1998-01-29 1999-08-03 Hitachi Ltd 液化ガス用ポンプ装置
JP2008064221A (ja) * 2006-09-08 2008-03-21 Jtekt Corp 保持器
JP2015014302A (ja) * 2013-07-03 2015-01-22 株式会社ジェイテクト 保持器および保持器の製造方法

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1172161A (en) * 1966-01-13 1969-11-26 Nadella Improvements in or relating to Roller Bearing Assemblies
JPH11210665A (ja) * 1998-01-29 1999-08-03 Hitachi Ltd 液化ガス用ポンプ装置
JP2008064221A (ja) * 2006-09-08 2008-03-21 Jtekt Corp 保持器
JP2015014302A (ja) * 2013-07-03 2015-01-22 株式会社ジェイテクト 保持器および保持器の製造方法

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020050020A1 (fr) * 2018-09-04 2020-03-12 日立ジョンソンコントロールズ空調株式会社 Compresseur électrique, et dispositif de climatisation et de réfrigération l'utilisant
CN113738764A (zh) * 2021-08-30 2021-12-03 西安交通大学 一种具有热-力双负性超结构的低噪音保持架

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