WO2017081499A1 - Measuring unit with improved measuring characteristics - Google Patents

Measuring unit with improved measuring characteristics Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017081499A1
WO2017081499A1 PCT/HU2016/000069 HU2016000069W WO2017081499A1 WO 2017081499 A1 WO2017081499 A1 WO 2017081499A1 HU 2016000069 W HU2016000069 W HU 2016000069W WO 2017081499 A1 WO2017081499 A1 WO 2017081499A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light beam
light path
influencing optical
optical member
measuring unit
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/HU2016/000069
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jenő CSIKÓS
Dániel KOVÁCS
Péter Kovács
Tamás Kovács
Bálint Tibor MENDELE
József NÉMEDI
László ORBÁN
László SÜLE
Péter TÓTH-MIKLÓS
Attila Zsolt TREMMEL
Gábor VÁRNAGY
Bálint VIZY
Original Assignee
Norma Instruments Zrt.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Norma Instruments Zrt. filed Critical Norma Instruments Zrt.
Publication of WO2017081499A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017081499A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
    • G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
    • G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
    • G01N21/532—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke with measurement of scattering and transmission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/59—Transmissivity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/02—Details
    • G01J3/0205—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows
    • G01J3/021—Optical elements not provided otherwise, e.g. optical manifolds, diffusers, windows using plane or convex mirrors, parallel phase plates, or particular reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
    • G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
    • G01J3/44—Raman spectrometry; Scattering spectrometry ; Fluorescence spectrometry
    • G01J3/4412—Scattering spectrometry
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
    • G01N21/27—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands using photo-electric detection ; circuits for computing concentration
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
    • G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
    • G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
    • G01N15/01—
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/02—Investigating particle size or size distribution
    • G01N15/0205—Investigating particle size or size distribution by optical means, e.g. by light scattering, diffraction, holography or imaging
    • G01N15/0211—Investigating a scatter or diffraction pattern
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
    • G01N2021/4704—Angular selective
    • G01N2021/4711—Multiangle measurement
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
    • G01N21/47—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection
    • G01N21/49—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid
    • G01N21/53—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke
    • G01N21/534—Scattering, i.e. diffuse reflection within a body or fluid within a flowing fluid, e.g. smoke by measuring transmission alone, i.e. determining opacity
    • G01N2021/536—Measurement device mounted at stack

Definitions

  • the subject of the invention relates to a measuring unit with improved measuring characteristics to facilitate the analysis of samples in various states of matter, especially blood samples, which has a light source suitable for emitting a direction-controlled light beam, an accommodation body located in the path of the emitted controlled light beam containing a flow cell for the sample to be measured to flow through, and an optical part- unit located on the output side of the accommodation body opposite the input side of the controlled light beam, and the optical part-unit comprises a primary light path-influencing optical member, a secondary light path influencing optical member, and light output measuring bodies.
  • Measuring heads are used for the determination of the amount distribution and amounts of the various components of blood in which a laser beam passes through the flowing mixture to be measured, which measure the intensity of the dispersion pattern formed from the dispersion of the light beam in given solid angle ranges, and on the basis of this certain characteristics are determined.
  • Patent specification registration number US 6.784.981 made an attempt to overcome this problem, in the case of which the dispersion pattern of the light introduced into the measuring cell and scattered by the sample was intercepted with the help of a set of light sensors arranged in a unique way and divided into various areas.
  • the greatest disadvantage of the solution was that as a result of the complex arrangement of the sensor it was more difficult to manufacture, and due to the light sensor members located in various areas it required more space that what is desirable.
  • Publication documents number JP 2014196958 and number US 2.015/0160189 use various optical lens systems to attempt to intercept the parts of the dispersion pattern in various solid angle ranges and direct them to the appropriate sensors, so that the measurement results reflect the actual situation.
  • a further disadvantage is that the space demand of the system consisting of numerous elements is large, the appropriately precise setting of the individual elements is time consuming, and it is a task that requires significant specialist knowledge.
  • the objective with the structure according to the invention was to overcome the deficiencies of the known measuring units and to create a version that realises the separation and arrangement of the scattered light beams into the appropriate solid angle ranges with the help of a small number of simply adjustable structural elements so that the light sensing diodes, which can also be simply and cheaply produced, in the given ranges are able to measure the total intensity at the desired degree of precision.
  • a measuring unit with improved measuring characteristics to facilitate the analysis of samples in various states of matter, especially blood samples, - which has a light source suitable for emitting a direction-controlled light beam, an accommodation body located in the path of the emitted controlled light beam containing a flow cell for the sample to be measured to flow through, and an optical part-unit located on the output side of the accommodation body opposite the input side of the controlled light beam, and the optical part-unit comprises a primary light path influencing optical member, a secondary light path influencing optical member, and light output measuring bodies, - is set up in such a way that the primary light path- influencing optical member is a collecting lens suitable for producing a converging light beam, the secondary light path-influencing optical members comprise projecting pieces located in the optical axis of the controlled light beam passing through the accommodation body but separated by a given space and having a reflecting surface, as well as supporting elements carrying the individual projecting pieces.
  • a further feature of the measuring unit according to the invention may be that the light source is a line laser radiation source, in this way the controlled light beam comprises a combination of structured laser beams with main axes perpendicular to each other but of differing lengths.
  • the supporting element of at least a part of the secondary light path-influencing optical members comprises a metal rod, while the projecting piece comprises the edge delimiting surface of the rod with a main plane at an acute angle to its longitudinal axis, and the reflecting surface is formed on the edge delimiting surface.
  • the edge delimiting surface is a planar sheet located in the main plane at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the rod.
  • the secondary light path- influencing optical members are positioned in orientation tubes.
  • the longitudinal axes of the rods of the secondary light path-influencing optical members are parallel to each other.
  • the longitudinal axes of the rods and/or the longitudinal axes of the orientation tubes and the longer main axis of the structured laser light beam emitted by the light source are located in one plane.
  • the primary light path-influencing optical member is positioned on the external surface of the output side of the accommodation body opposite the input side of the controlled light beam or the primary light path-influencing optical member is constructed to form a single unit of the accommodation body on its output side opposite the input side of the controlled light beam.
  • the primary light path- influencing optical member has an aspherical collecting lens.
  • the measuring unit according to the invention has numerous advantageous characteristics. The most important of these is that with the unusual focusing of the scattered light beams, and with the structure and arrangement of the novel projecting piece more precise measurement may be carried out for more measured components using fewer structural elements and so with a smaller measuring head. It is a significant advantage that due to the secondary light path-influencing optical member with a simple structure that is different to that known of, in which an optional number of projecting pieces may be arranged, it is also possible to vary the measuring range of the measuring unit between wide limits, to easily reconfigure it, which was not possible with the known solutions. A further advantage originating from this is that with the measuring unit according to the invention it is possible to examine the sample in several, changed solid angle ranges.
  • Another advantage is that due to the use of low number oflight path-influencing components the signal/noise ratio is good, and information loss is minimal, furthermore substantially the entire solid angle range may be covered, as a consequence of which the chance of the creation of blind spots is minimal. Also, these advantages further improve the reliability of the measurement results.
  • the structural elements forming the optical part-unit according to the invention may be easily manufactured, easily assembled, and their adjustment may be carried out with a small amount of labour. This has a beneficial effect on operation and maintenance costs.
  • the size of the measuring unit is small, its weight is favourable and it may be easily fitted into the instrument performing the measurement.
  • a further advantage is that unusual structure and arrangement of the projecting pieces, the light sensor elements do not have to have a special design, instead sensors may be used that are commercially available, the characteristics of which are substantially identical to each other, and so it is not necessary to take the differences between the individual sensors into consideration in the measurement result, as there are no differences that influence this measurement result.
  • Another advantage that originates from the unusual arrangement of the projecting piece is that in the case of the appropriate positioning of the projecting piece and supporting element located the closest to the accommodation body direct light beams can be masked from the reflective surfaces of the other projecting pieces, and so, on the one part, the intensity of the direct light passing through the measured sample can be easily measured, which provides useful information for the person performing the analysis. On the other part, the intense direct light does not damage the reliability of the information carried by the light rings falling in the various solid angle ranges.
  • An advantage of the structure and arrangement of the unique projecting piece is also that due to this the measuring unit tolerates vibration and other mechanical impacts better, therefore its reliability is greater, and the probability of it becoming faulty and the possibility of misalignment is smaller than in the case of the known solutions.
  • Figure 1 shows a partially cutaway side view of a possible embodiment of the measuring unit according to the invention
  • Figure 2 shows a partially cutaway of the structure according to figure 1 viewed from direction II.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a side view of an embodiment of the measuring device 2 according to the invention that is exceptionally suitable for testing blood samples.
  • the light source 10 may be observed which serves for the production of the controlled light beam 11 , which in this case is a line laser, and which is suitable for emitting structured laser beams in such a way that, - as illustrated in figure 2, - the vertical main axis "Fl" of the controlled light beam 11 is significantly larger than its horizontal main axis "F2".
  • the accommodation body 20 can be positioned to the controlled light beam 11 of the light source 10 that the direction of flow of the sample 1 flowing in the flow cell 21 of the accommodation body 20 is parallel to the direction of the longer main axis "Fl" of the controlled light beam 11.
  • the input opening 24 of the sample 1 is located on the bottom of the accommodation body 20, while the output opening 25 of the sample 1 is located on the top of the accommodation body 20.
  • the light source 10 is located, in the usual way, on the input side 22 of the accommodation body 20 so that the controlled light beam 11 emitted by the light source 10 can enter the flow cell 21 of the accommodation body 20 at the input side 22 of the accommodation body 20 without obstruction, and so that the scattered light beam 13 changing direction on the sample 1 flowing through the flow cell 21 can exit at the output side 23 of the accommodation body 20 also without obstruction.
  • the optical part-unit 30 is located on the output side 23 opposite the light source 10 located on the input side 22 of the accommodation body 20, which here comprises a primary light path-influencing optical member 31, a secondary light path influencing optical member 32, and light output measuring bodies 33.
  • the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 and secondary light path-influencing optical member 32 of the optical part-unit 30 are located as compared to the accommodation body 20 and the light source 10 so that the optical axis 12 of the controlled light beam 11 of the light source 10 intercepts the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 in the appropriate direction, and so that the optical axis 12 of the controlled light beam 11 falls in the focus axis 31a of the primary light path- influencing optical member 31.
  • the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 is an aspherical collecting lens, which moderately focuses the scattered light beam 13 on the side of the optical part-unit 30 towards the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32.
  • the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 of the optical part-unit 30 is a structural part independent of the accommodation body 20, however, a measuring unit 2 is also conceivable in the case of which the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 of the optical part-unit 30 is fitted directly to the output side 23 of the accommodation body 20, or is even formed out of the material of the output side 23 of the accommodation body 20.
  • This solution reduces the loss of the scattered light beam 13 created from the controlled light beam 1 1 passing through the flow cell 21 of the accornmodation body 20 even more, as the number of times it passes through a medium boundary is fewer.
  • Figure 1 also well illustrates that the secondary light path influencing optical member 32 of the optical part-unit 30 here for the sake of simplicity only contains three projecting pieces 32a, but this may be any optional number, which projecting pieces 32a are displaced from each other by the appropriate space “Tl” and space “T2".
  • the space “Tl” and the space “T2” in all cases depend on which solid angle range light ring of the scattered light beam 13 the given projecting piece 32a has to couple to its associated light output measuring body 33.
  • the projecting pieces 32a have reflecting surfaces 32b, and the individual projecting pieces 32a are kept in the appropriate position by supporting elements 32c, and the supporting elements 32c make it possible to precisely adjust the projecting pieces 32a. It is the task of the supporting elements 32c to adjust the reflecting surfaces 32b of the projecting pieces 32a in the optical part-unit 30 so that the theoretical optical axis 12 of the controlled light beam 11 of the light source 10 and the focus axis 31a of the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 fall on the reflecting surfaces 32b, and to direct the beams arriving on the reflecting surface 32b of the given projecting piece 32a from the scattered light beam 13 and moderately focussed by the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 to the appropriate light output measuring body 33.
  • a preferable arrangement of the secondary light path- influencing optical member 32 is if the projecting piece 32a and the supporting element 32c are a single metal rod, the polished edge delimiting surface 34b of which forms the reflecting surface 32b. It is just because of this that the main plane "FS" of the edge delimiting surface 34b of the rod 34 is at an acute angle "a" to the longitudinal axis 34a of the rod 34.
  • the rods 34 of the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32 i.e. the combination of the protecting piece 32a and the supporting element 32c also substantially serves as a masking body, and prevents a part of the light beam moderately focussed by the primary light path-influencing member 31 from reaching the reflecting surfaces 32b behind it, thereby improving the signal/noise ratio and increasing the precision of measurement.
  • the rods 34 are each placed in an orientation tube 40, the longitudinal axis 41 of which orientation tubes 40 must also be parallel to each other and to the longer main axis "Fl" of the controlled light beam 11.
  • the orientation tubes 40 do not completely penetrate into the focus axis 31a of the primary light path-influencing optical member 31, instead they are constructed so that only the reflecting surfaces 32b of the projecting pieces 32a of the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32a are located there.
  • the projecting pieces 32a of the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32a may have planar surfaced reflecting surfaces 32b, but a solution is also conceivable in which the reflecting surface 32b is established as a concave shell surface when viewed from outside.
  • the rod 34 comprises the projection piece 32a and supporting element 32c
  • the reflecting surface 32b is the edge delimiting surface 34b of the rod 34.
  • the edge delimiting surface 34b may be a planar or other shell surface.
  • the measuring unit 2 When using the measuring unit 2 according to the invention first of all the supporting elements 32c or the orientation tubes 40 of the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32a of the optical part-unit 30 must be adjusted so that their displacement from each other of space “Tl" and "T2" is of the desired value depending on whether the proportion or the count of particular components of the sample 1 are to be measured, then the reflecting surfaces 32b of the projecting pieces 32a of the secondary light path- influencing optical member 32a need to be positioned so that the coupled light beams reflecting from the reflecting surface intercept the appropriate light output measuring body 33. After adjustment, the measuring unit 2 is ready for measuring the sample 1.
  • sample 1 needs to be transferred into the flow cell 21 of the accommodation body 20 so that the sample 1 is transferred into the flow cell 21 through the input opening 24 on the bottom of the accommodation body 20 and leaves the flow cell 21 through the output opening 25 on the top of the accommodation body 20, i.e. during measurement the sample 1 flows upwards through the flow cell 21.
  • the controlled light beam 11 e.g. structured laser beam
  • the light source 10 enters the flow cell 21 which contains sample 1 on the input side 22 of the accommodation body 20 and is scattered being diverted to varying extents on the components of the material of the sample 1 , and exits at the output side 23 of the accommodation body 20 as a scattered light beam 13.
  • the controlled light beam 11 exits the flow cell 21 of the accommodation body 20 along the optical axis 12, and continues along this path.
  • the scattered light beam 13 exiting on the output side 23 of the accommodation body 20 meets the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 of the optical part-unit 30, which primary light path-influencing optical member 31, as a spherical collecting lens moderately focuses the scattered light beam 13 and permits it to progress in this way towards the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32 of the optical part-unit 30.
  • the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 of the optical part-unit 30 must be positioned so that its focus axis 31a and the optical axis 12 of the light source 10 fall on the same line, the part of the scattered light beam 13 exiting on the output side 23 of the accommodation body 20 falling along the optical axis 12 of the controlled light beam 11 progresses further without changing direction through the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 of the optical part-unit 30, towards the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32.
  • the part of the moderately focussed scattered light beam 13 falling along the focus axis 31a reaches the first projecting piece 32a and its supporting element 32c.
  • a part of the direct light beams close to the focus axis 31a arriving here intercepting the reflecting surface 32b of the first projecting piece 32a are directly coupled to the first light output measuring body 33, which in this way provides information about the intensity of the light passing straight through the sample 1 and about certain characteristics of the sample 1.
  • the light beams reaching the first supporting element 32c or even the orientation tube 40 carrying it parallel to the focus axis 31a are masked by the supporting element 32c or the orientation tube 40, therefore they get no further than the first projecting piece 32a, and do not influence the light intensity of the beams reaching the light output measuring body 33 from the light beams coupled from the reflecting surfaces 32b of the other projecting pieces 32a.
  • the given reflecting surface 32b couples the light rings of the light beam from different solid angle ranges to different given light output measuring bodies 33.
  • the light intensity values appearing at the light output measuring bodies 33 relay information relating to specific components of the sample 1 to the person performing the measurement. If the technical characteristics of the light output measuring bodies 33 are identical, then the measurement results may be assessed without correction.
  • the measuring unit according to the invention may be used to good effect in all cases when the objective is to obtain information relating to the components of liquids containing various components, and determine their accurate values, but it is especially useful for analysing blood samples.
  • sample measuring unit light source 11 controlled light beam

Abstract

The subject of the invention relates to a measuring unit with improved measuring characteristics to facilitate the analysis of samples in various states of matter, especially blood samples, which has a light source (10) suitable for emitting a controlled light beam (11), an accommodation body (20) located in the path of the emitted controlled light beam (11) containing a flow cell (21) for the sample (1) to be measured to flow through, and an optical part-unit (30) located on the output side (23) of the accommodation body (20) opposite the input side (22) of the controlled light beam (11), and the optical part-unit (30) comprises a primary light path influencing optical member (31), a secondary light path influencing optical member (32), and light output measuring bodies (33). The characteristic feature of the invention is that the primary light path-influencing optical member (31) is a collecting lens suitable for producing a converging light beam, the secondary light path-influencing optical members (32) comprise projecting pieces (32a) located in the optical axis (12) of the controlled light beam (11) passing through the accommodation body (20) but separated by a given space (T1, T2) and having a reflecting surface (32b), as well as supporting elements (32c) carrying the individual projecting pieces (32a).

Description

Measuring unit with improved measuring characteristics
The subject of the invention relates to a measuring unit with improved measuring characteristics to facilitate the analysis of samples in various states of matter, especially blood samples, which has a light source suitable for emitting a direction-controlled light beam, an accommodation body located in the path of the emitted controlled light beam containing a flow cell for the sample to be measured to flow through, and an optical part- unit located on the output side of the accommodation body opposite the input side of the controlled light beam, and the optical part-unit comprises a primary light path-influencing optical member, a secondary light path influencing optical member, and light output measuring bodies.
Numerous solutions have become known of for the analysis of mixtures containing various, i.e. both solid and liquid phase components, but especially for the analysis of blood samples. Measuring heads are used for the determination of the amount distribution and amounts of the various components of blood in which a laser beam passes through the flowing mixture to be measured, which measure the intensity of the dispersion pattern formed from the dispersion of the light beam in given solid angle ranges, and on the basis of this certain characteristics are determined.
Such a basic solution is presented by patent specification number US 4.303.336. The disadvantage of this, however, is that the light scattered in the measured medium was not suitable for independent assessment in solid angle ranges according to its dispersion pattern, and therefore the measurement results could significantly deviate from the actual values.
Patent specification registration number US 6.784.981 made an attempt to overcome this problem, in the case of which the dispersion pattern of the light introduced into the measuring cell and scattered by the sample was intercepted with the help of a set of light sensors arranged in a unique way and divided into various areas. The greatest disadvantage of the solution, however, was that as a result of the complex arrangement of the sensor it was more difficult to manufacture, and due to the light sensor members located in various areas it required more space that what is desirable.
Publication documents number JP 2014196958 and number US 2.015/0160189 use various optical lens systems to attempt to intercept the parts of the dispersion pattern in various solid angle ranges and direct them to the appropriate sensors, so that the measurement results reflect the actual situation.
The disadvantage of these structural arrangements is that in the case of optical systems comprising a plurality of members the signal/noise ratio is degraded, which makes precise measurement difficult.
A further disadvantage is that the space demand of the system consisting of numerous elements is large, the appropriately precise setting of the individual elements is time consuming, and it is a task that requires significant specialist knowledge.
A general deficiency of the known solutions is that either very expensive or very complex solutions are used for the measurement of the intensity of the dispersion pattern created from the scattered light beams in individual characteristic solid angle ranges, which means that due to the separation of the solid angle ranges either their loss is large or the signal/noise ratio is unfavourable.
The objective with the structure according to the invention was to overcome the deficiencies of the known measuring units and to create a version that realises the separation and arrangement of the scattered light beams into the appropriate solid angle ranges with the help of a small number of simply adjustable structural elements so that the light sensing diodes, which can also be simply and cheaply produced, in the given ranges are able to measure the total intensity at the desired degree of precision.
The recognition that led to the arrangement according to the invention was that if the light beams passing through the accommodation body through which the sample to be measured passes and scattering there are not made parallel, instead by using suitable a simple optical member they are made to converge to a slight degree and projecting pieces formed and arranged in a novel way are placed in the path of the light beam focussed in this way, then in the case of the converging light beam by appropriately setting the size and positions of the projecting pieces, by using a small number of structural elements it is possible to separate the light beam into light beam rings that fall in precise solid angle ranges, and guide the light beam rings falling in a given solid angle range with a small loss to sensors with identical measuring characteristics, as the individual projecting pieces do not only couple the light information of the light beam ring to the sensors, but they also mask the light beam rings getting to more distant projecting pieces in the desired way, and therefore the space demand for the measuring arrangement will be smaller and so the task can be solved.
In accordance with the set objective a measuring unit with improved measuring characteristics according to the invention to facilitate the analysis of samples in various states of matter, especially blood samples, - which has a light source suitable for emitting a direction-controlled light beam, an accommodation body located in the path of the emitted controlled light beam containing a flow cell for the sample to be measured to flow through, and an optical part-unit located on the output side of the accommodation body opposite the input side of the controlled light beam, and the optical part-unit comprises a primary light path influencing optical member, a secondary light path influencing optical member, and light output measuring bodies, - is set up in such a way that the primary light path- influencing optical member is a collecting lens suitable for producing a converging light beam, the secondary light path-influencing optical members comprise projecting pieces located in the optical axis of the controlled light beam passing through the accommodation body but separated by a given space and having a reflecting surface, as well as supporting elements carrying the individual projecting pieces.
A further feature of the measuring unit according to the invention may be that the light source is a line laser radiation source, in this way the controlled light beam comprises a combination of structured laser beams with main axes perpendicular to each other but of differing lengths. In the case of another version of the invention the supporting element of at least a part of the secondary light path-influencing optical members comprises a metal rod, while the projecting piece comprises the edge delimiting surface of the rod with a main plane at an acute angle to its longitudinal axis, and the reflecting surface is formed on the edge delimiting surface.
In the case of another different embodiment of the measuring unit the edge delimiting surface is a planar sheet located in the main plane at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the rod.
In the case of another different embodiment of the invention the secondary light path- influencing optical members are positioned in orientation tubes.
In the case of another embodiment of the measuring unit, the longitudinal axes of the rods of the secondary light path-influencing optical members are parallel to each other.
From the point of view of the invention it may be preferable if the longitudinal axes of the rods and/or the longitudinal axes of the orientation tubes and the longer main axis of the structured laser light beam emitted by the light source are located in one plane.
In the case of another different embodiment of the measuring unit the primary light path-influencing optical member is positioned on the external surface of the output side of the accommodation body opposite the input side of the controlled light beam or the primary light path-influencing optical member is constructed to form a single unit of the accommodation body on its output side opposite the input side of the controlled light beam.
In the case of a preferable embodiment of the invention the primary light path- influencing optical member has an aspherical collecting lens.
The measuring unit according to the invention has numerous advantageous characteristics. The most important of these is that with the unusual focusing of the scattered light beams, and with the structure and arrangement of the novel projecting piece more precise measurement may be carried out for more measured components using fewer structural elements and so with a smaller measuring head. It is a significant advantage that due to the secondary light path-influencing optical member with a simple structure that is different to that known of, in which an optional number of projecting pieces may be arranged, it is also possible to vary the measuring range of the measuring unit between wide limits, to easily reconfigure it, which was not possible with the known solutions. A further advantage originating from this is that with the measuring unit according to the invention it is possible to examine the sample in several, changed solid angle ranges. What is more, depending on the number of projecting pieces used it is possible to measurements with greater or lower resolution, or that are more selective or less selective, which provide a more detailed or less detailed result about the amounts of the various components in the medium, and in this way a faster or more accurate blood test or the assessment of other samples can be realised.
Another advantage is that due to the use of low number oflight path-influencing components the signal/noise ratio is good, and information loss is minimal, furthermore substantially the entire solid angle range may be covered, as a consequence of which the chance of the creation of blind spots is minimal. Also, these advantages further improve the reliability of the measurement results.
Another feature that must be mentioned among the advantages is that the structural elements forming the optical part-unit according to the invention may be easily manufactured, easily assembled, and their adjustment may be carried out with a small amount of labour. This has a beneficial effect on operation and maintenance costs.
Due the small number of simple components, the size of the measuring unit is small, its weight is favourable and it may be easily fitted into the instrument performing the measurement.
A further advantage is that unusual structure and arrangement of the projecting pieces, the light sensor elements do not have to have a special design, instead sensors may be used that are commercially available, the characteristics of which are substantially identical to each other, and so it is not necessary to take the differences between the individual sensors into consideration in the measurement result, as there are no differences that influence this measurement result. Another advantage that originates from the unusual arrangement of the projecting piece is that in the case of the appropriate positioning of the projecting piece and supporting element located the closest to the accommodation body direct light beams can be masked from the reflective surfaces of the other projecting pieces, and so, on the one part, the intensity of the direct light passing through the measured sample can be easily measured, which provides useful information for the person performing the analysis. On the other part, the intense direct light does not damage the reliability of the information carried by the light rings falling in the various solid angle ranges.
An advantage of the structure and arrangement of the unique projecting piece is also that due to this the measuring unit tolerates vibration and other mechanical impacts better, therefore its reliability is greater, and the probability of it becoming faulty and the possibility of misalignment is smaller than in the case of the known solutions.
Further details of the measuring unit according to the invention will be presented by way of embodiments with reference to figures. Wherein
Figure 1 shows a partially cutaway side view of a possible embodiment of the measuring unit according to the invention,
Figure 2 shows a partially cutaway of the structure according to figure 1 viewed from direction II.
Figure 1 illustrates a side view of an embodiment of the measuring device 2 according to the invention that is exceptionally suitable for testing blood samples. The light source 10 may be observed which serves for the production of the controlled light beam 11 , which in this case is a line laser, and which is suitable for emitting structured laser beams in such a way that, - as illustrated in figure 2, - the vertical main axis "Fl" of the controlled light beam 11 is significantly larger than its horizontal main axis "F2". In this embodiment the accommodation body 20 can be positioned to the controlled light beam 11 of the light source 10 that the direction of flow of the sample 1 flowing in the flow cell 21 of the accommodation body 20 is parallel to the direction of the longer main axis "Fl" of the controlled light beam 11. As a consequence of this in the case of the given embodiment in the accommodation body 20 the input opening 24 of the sample 1 is located on the bottom of the accommodation body 20, while the output opening 25 of the sample 1 is located on the top of the accommodation body 20.
The light source 10, actually, is located, in the usual way, on the input side 22 of the accommodation body 20 so that the controlled light beam 11 emitted by the light source 10 can enter the flow cell 21 of the accommodation body 20 at the input side 22 of the accommodation body 20 without obstruction, and so that the scattered light beam 13 changing direction on the sample 1 flowing through the flow cell 21 can exit at the output side 23 of the accommodation body 20 also without obstruction. The optical part-unit 30 is located on the output side 23 opposite the light source 10 located on the input side 22 of the accommodation body 20, which here comprises a primary light path-influencing optical member 31, a secondary light path influencing optical member 32, and light output measuring bodies 33.
The primary light path-influencing optical member 31 and secondary light path- influencing optical member 32 of the optical part-unit 30 are located as compared to the accommodation body 20 and the light source 10 so that the optical axis 12 of the controlled light beam 11 of the light source 10 intercepts the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 in the appropriate direction, and so that the optical axis 12 of the controlled light beam 11 falls in the focus axis 31a of the primary light path- influencing optical member 31. Here the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 is an aspherical collecting lens, which moderately focuses the scattered light beam 13 on the side of the optical part-unit 30 towards the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32.
Although in the present example the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 of the optical part-unit 30 is a structural part independent of the accommodation body 20, however, a measuring unit 2 is also conceivable in the case of which the primary light path- influencing optical member 31 of the optical part-unit 30 is fitted directly to the output side 23 of the accommodation body 20, or is even formed out of the material of the output side 23 of the accommodation body 20. This solution reduces the loss of the scattered light beam 13 created from the controlled light beam 1 1 passing through the flow cell 21 of the accornmodation body 20 even more, as the number of times it passes through a medium boundary is fewer.
Figure 1 also well illustrates that the secondary light path influencing optical member 32 of the optical part-unit 30 here for the sake of simplicity only contains three projecting pieces 32a, but this may be any optional number, which projecting pieces 32a are displaced from each other by the appropriate space "Tl" and space "T2". The space "Tl" and the space "T2" in all cases depend on which solid angle range light ring of the scattered light beam 13 the given projecting piece 32a has to couple to its associated light output measuring body 33.
The projecting pieces 32a have reflecting surfaces 32b, and the individual projecting pieces 32a are kept in the appropriate position by supporting elements 32c, and the supporting elements 32c make it possible to precisely adjust the projecting pieces 32a. It is the task of the supporting elements 32c to adjust the reflecting surfaces 32b of the projecting pieces 32a in the optical part-unit 30 so that the theoretical optical axis 12 of the controlled light beam 11 of the light source 10 and the focus axis 31a of the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 fall on the reflecting surfaces 32b, and to direct the beams arriving on the reflecting surface 32b of the given projecting piece 32a from the scattered light beam 13 and moderately focussed by the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 to the appropriate light output measuring body 33.
It must be remarked here that a preferable arrangement of the secondary light path- influencing optical member 32 is if the projecting piece 32a and the supporting element 32c are a single metal rod, the polished edge delimiting surface 34b of which forms the reflecting surface 32b. It is just because of this that the main plane "FS" of the edge delimiting surface 34b of the rod 34 is at an acute angle "a" to the longitudinal axis 34a of the rod 34.
If the supporting elements 32c of the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32 are set up so that the longitudinal axes 34a of the rods 34 are parallel to each other and the longer main axis "Fl" of the structured laser beams of the controlled light beam 11 emitted by the light source 10 is also parallel to the longitudinal axes 34a, as is shown in figure 2, then the rods 34 of the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32, i.e. the combination of the protecting piece 32a and the supporting element 32c also substantially serves as a masking body, and prevents a part of the light beam moderately focussed by the primary light path-influencing member 31 from reaching the reflecting surfaces 32b behind it, thereby improving the signal/noise ratio and increasing the precision of measurement.
In the interest of it being possible to adjust the reflecting surfaces 32b of the projecting pieces 32a of the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32 more simply, more precisely and more easily it is preferable if the rods 34 are each placed in an orientation tube 40, the longitudinal axis 41 of which orientation tubes 40 must also be parallel to each other and to the longer main axis "Fl" of the controlled light beam 11.
In the case of this preferable embodiment of the measuring unit 2 according to the invention, as can be seen in figure 1 , the orientation tubes 40 do not completely penetrate into the focus axis 31a of the primary light path-influencing optical member 31, instead they are constructed so that only the reflecting surfaces 32b of the projecting pieces 32a of the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32a are located there.
The projecting pieces 32a of the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32a may have planar surfaced reflecting surfaces 32b, but a solution is also conceivable in which the reflecting surface 32b is established as a concave shell surface when viewed from outside. Naturally, if the rod 34 comprises the projection piece 32a and supporting element 32c, then the reflecting surface 32b is the edge delimiting surface 34b of the rod 34. In this case the edge delimiting surface 34b may be a planar or other shell surface.
When using the measuring unit 2 according to the invention first of all the supporting elements 32c or the orientation tubes 40 of the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32a of the optical part-unit 30 must be adjusted so that their displacement from each other of space "Tl" and "T2" is of the desired value depending on whether the proportion or the count of particular components of the sample 1 are to be measured, then the reflecting surfaces 32b of the projecting pieces 32a of the secondary light path- influencing optical member 32a need to be positioned so that the coupled light beams reflecting from the reflecting surface intercept the appropriate light output measuring body 33. After adjustment, the measuring unit 2 is ready for measuring the sample 1.
Following this the sample 1 needs to be transferred into the flow cell 21 of the accommodation body 20 so that the sample 1 is transferred into the flow cell 21 through the input opening 24 on the bottom of the accommodation body 20 and leaves the flow cell 21 through the output opening 25 on the top of the accommodation body 20, i.e. during measurement the sample 1 flows upwards through the flow cell 21.
When the sample 1 starts to flow then the controlled light beam 11, e.g. structured laser beam, created by the light source 10 enters the flow cell 21 which contains sample 1 on the input side 22 of the accommodation body 20 and is scattered being diverted to varying extents on the components of the material of the sample 1 , and exits at the output side 23 of the accommodation body 20 as a scattered light beam 13. Naturally a part of the controlled light beam 11 exits the flow cell 21 of the accommodation body 20 along the optical axis 12, and continues along this path.
The scattered light beam 13 exiting on the output side 23 of the accommodation body 20 meets the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 of the optical part-unit 30, which primary light path-influencing optical member 31, as a spherical collecting lens moderately focuses the scattered light beam 13 and permits it to progress in this way towards the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32 of the optical part-unit 30.
As the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 of the optical part-unit 30 must be positioned so that its focus axis 31a and the optical axis 12 of the light source 10 fall on the same line, the part of the scattered light beam 13 exiting on the output side 23 of the accommodation body 20 falling along the optical axis 12 of the controlled light beam 11 progresses further without changing direction through the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 of the optical part-unit 30, towards the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32.
The part of the moderately focussed scattered light beam 13 falling along the focus axis 31a reaches the first projecting piece 32a and its supporting element 32c. A part of the direct light beams close to the focus axis 31a arriving here intercepting the reflecting surface 32b of the first projecting piece 32a are directly coupled to the first light output measuring body 33, which in this way provides information about the intensity of the light passing straight through the sample 1 and about certain characteristics of the sample 1. The light beams reaching the first supporting element 32c or even the orientation tube 40 carrying it parallel to the focus axis 31a are masked by the supporting element 32c or the orientation tube 40, therefore they get no further than the first projecting piece 32a, and do not influence the light intensity of the beams reaching the light output measuring body 33 from the light beams coupled from the reflecting surfaces 32b of the other projecting pieces 32a.
On the basis of the above only that part of the moderately focussed scattered light beam 13 leaving the primary light path-influencing optical member 31 of the optical part-unit 30 reaches the second projecting piece 32a following the first projecting piece 32a after a given space "T" from it that has not been masked by the first projecting piece 32a and supporting element 32c, or orientation tube 41. However, only a part of the light beam ring arriving at the second projecting piece 32a intercepts the reflecting surface 32b and is reflected back from there to the light output measuring body 33 associated with the second reflecting surface 32b, the light beam also has a part that falls outside the area taken up by the projecting piece 32a and supporting element 32c, or orientation tube 41. This light beam ring progresses further unobstructed towards the third projecting piece, while the part masked by the second projecting piece 32a and supporting element 32c, or by orientation tube 40 cannot.
Therefore an increasingly smaller ring-part of the moderately focused entire scattered light beam 13 starting from the primary light path-influencing optical member 31, which is increasingly further from the focus axis 31a of the primary light path-influencing optical member 31, reaches the third projecting piece 32a located after a given space "T2" from the second projecting piece 32a.
Depending on where the given supporting element 32c or orientation tube 40 is located as compared to the primary light path-influencing optical member 31, the given reflecting surface 32b couples the light rings of the light beam from different solid angle ranges to different given light output measuring bodies 33. As a consequence of this the light intensity values appearing at the light output measuring bodies 33 relay information relating to specific components of the sample 1 to the person performing the measurement. If the technical characteristics of the light output measuring bodies 33 are identical, then the measurement results may be assessed without correction. In the case of the solution according to the invention as a result of the novel arrangement of the projecting pieces 32a and supporting element 32c forming the secondary light path-influencing optical member 32, mass produced components with identical parameters may be used as the light output measuring bodies 33, therefore the values measured by them may be used without correction, which considerably simplifies the measurements and makes them more effective and cheaper.
The measuring unit according to the invention may be used to good effect in all cases when the objective is to obtain information relating to the components of liquids containing various components, and determine their accurate values, but it is especially useful for analysing blood samples.
List of references
sample measuring unit light source 11 controlled light beam
12 optical axis
13 scattered light beam accommodation body 21 flow cell
22 input side
23 output side
24 input opening
25 output opening 0 optical part-unit 31 primary light path-influencing optical member
31a focus axis
32 secondary light path-influencing optical member
32a projecting piece
32b reflecting surface
32c supporting element
33 light output measuring body
34 rod
34a longitudinal axis
34b edge delimiting surface 0 orientation tube 41 longitudinal axis
Fl" main axis
;F2" main axis
;FS" main plane l" space
T2" space a"angle

Claims

1. Measuring unit with improved measuring characteristics to facilitate the analysis of samples in various states of matter, especially blood samples, which has a light source (10) suitable for emitting a controlled light beam (11), an accommodation body (20) located in the path of the emitted controlled light beam (11) containing a flow cell (21) for the sample (1) to be measured to flow through, and an optical part-unit (30) located on the output side (23) of the accommodation body (20) opposite the input side (22) of the controlled light beam (1 1), and the optical part-unit (30) comprises a primary light path influencing optical member (31), a secondary light path influencing optical member (32), and light output measuring bodies (33), characterised by that the primary light path-influencing optical member (31) is a collecting lens suitable for producing a converging light beam, the secondary light path-influencing optical members (32) comprise projecting pieces (32a) located in the optical axis (12) of the controlled light beam (11) passing through the accommodation body (20) but separated by a given space (Tl, T2) and having a reflecting surface (32b), as well as supporting elements (32c) carrying the individual projecting pieces (32a).
2. Measuring unit according to claim 1, characterised by that the light source (10) is a line laser radiation source, in this way the controlled light beam (1 1) comprises a combination of structured laser beams with main axes (Fl, F2) perpendicular to each other but of differing lengths.
3. Measuring unit according to claim 1 or 2, characterised by that the supporting element (32c) of at least a part of the secondary light path-influencing optical members (32) comprises a metal rod (34), while the projecting piece (32a) comprises the edge delimiting surface (34b) of the rod (34) with a main plane (FS) at an acute angle (a) to its longitudinal axis (34b), and the reflecting surface (32b) is formed on the edge delimiting surface (34b).
4. Measuring unit according to claim 3, characterised by that the edge delimiting surface (34b) is a planar sheet located in the main plane (FS) at an acute angle (a) to the longitudinal axis of the rod (34).
5. Measuring unit according to any of claims 1-4, characterised by that the secondary light path-influencing optical members (32) are positioned in orientation tubes (40).
6. Measuring unit according to any of claims 3-5, characterised by that the longitudinal axes (34a) of the rods (34) of the secondary light path-influencing optical members (32) are parallel to each.
7. Measuring unit according to any of claims 3-6, characterised by that the longitudinal axes (34a) of the rods (34) and/or the longitudinal axes (41) of the orientation tubes (40) and the longer main axis (Fl) of the structured laser controlled light beam (11) emitted by the light source (10) are located in one plane.
8. Measuring unit according to any of claims 1-7, characterised by that the primary light path-influencing optical member (31) is positioned on the external surface (22a) of the output side (23) of the accommodation body (20).
9. Measuring unit according to any of claims 1-7, characterised by that the primary light path-influencing optical member (31) is constructed to form a single unit of the accommodation body (20) on its output side (23) opposite the input side (22) of the controlled light beam (11).
10. Measuring unit according to any of claims 1-9, characterised by that the primary light path-influencing optical member (31) has an aspherical collecting lens.
PCT/HU2016/000069 2015-11-12 2016-11-11 Measuring unit with improved measuring characteristics WO2017081499A1 (en)

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