WO2017076368A1 - 一种节能环保防蜡防垢超强降粘器 - Google Patents

一种节能环保防蜡防垢超强降粘器 Download PDF

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WO2017076368A1
WO2017076368A1 PCT/CN2016/104942 CN2016104942W WO2017076368A1 WO 2017076368 A1 WO2017076368 A1 WO 2017076368A1 CN 2016104942 W CN2016104942 W CN 2016104942W WO 2017076368 A1 WO2017076368 A1 WO 2017076368A1
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ultrasonic
jet
nozzle
stage
saving
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PCT/CN2016/104942
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English (en)
French (fr)
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汪必启
杨博智
汪昌海
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汪必启
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Priority to US15/773,913 priority Critical patent/US10711550B2/en
Publication of WO2017076368A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017076368A1/zh

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B28/00—Vibration generating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for stimulating production
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B17/00—Methods preventing fouling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B3/00—Cleaning by methods involving the use or presence of liquid or steam
    • B08B3/04—Cleaning involving contact with liquid
    • B08B3/10—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration
    • B08B3/12—Cleaning involving contact with liquid with additional treatment of the liquid or of the object being cleaned, e.g. by heat, by electricity or by vibration by sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B37/00—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells

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  • the invention relates to an oil exploitation device and is an energy-saving and environment-friendly anti-wax anti-scaling super-strong viscosity reducer for underground oil pumping.
  • the medium-high waxy oil wells with a wax ratio of 10-40% account for more than 80%, the wax content is high, the crude oil has high viscosity, the fluidity is poor, and it is easy to coagulate and accumulate, thus causing the oil screen.
  • the wax and scale of the upper and lower parts of the pump and the pump are blocked, the useless power consumption of the pump is increased, the oil output is reduced, and the well is completely blocked and the production is stopped.
  • the product structure consists of a jet generator, an ultrasonic oscillator, a cavitation chamber, an eddy current deflector and a vortex ejector. It can be described as the first generation of jet ultrasonic anti-wax and viscosity-reducing products.
  • the problem is that the product structure is unreasonable and not Science, the ultrasonic sound field is weak, so the anti-wax viscosity reduction effect is very limited.
  • the inventor applied for an invention patent for an environmentally-friendly anti-wax anti-scaling and viscosity-reducing device on June 22, 2007, and has obtained a patent, the patent number is ZL200710052537.2.
  • the invention greatly improves the anti-wax, anti-stick and anti-scaling effect, and can be described as the second generation of jet ultrasonic anti-wax and viscosity-reducing products, but the product still exists in the use of deep wells, high wax wells and heavy oil wells (greater than 1000 mPa ⁇ S).
  • Four main problems First, the product is mainly ultrasonically treated by super strong sound waves. When the daily production of crude oil is large, the sound intensity is relatively insufficient.
  • the hot gas is added to the well to heat the viscosity of the heavy oil, and then pumping oil.
  • the product since the nozzle of the jet nozzle is small, the amount of heating gas is limited, which seriously affects the viscosity reducing effect, thereby limiting the use of the product.
  • the object of the invention is to solve the problem that the anti-wax, anti-scaling and viscosity-reducing effects of the existing similar products are not ideal, and in particular, it is not applicable to oil wells with high viscosity (more than 1000 mPa ⁇ s), and provides an energy-saving and environmental protection. Wax anti-scaling super strong viscosity reducer.
  • the specific solution of the present invention is: re-improving the second generation jet ultrasonic anti-wax reducer, which comprises a cyclone sequentially connected, a first-stage jet ultrasonic signal generator, a secondary jet ultrasonic oscillator, and ultrasonic cavitation
  • the cavity, the cyclone is the inlet end, and the outer end of the ultrasonic cavitation chamber is an outlet, which is characterized in that: after the secondary jet ultrasonic oscillator, an oscillating cavity is added before the ultrasonic cavitation cavity, and the tail of the oscillating cavity is installed with three
  • the stage jet ultrasonic oscillator is connected to the ultrasonic cavitation chamber after the three-stage jet ultrasonic oscillator.
  • the first-stage jet ultrasonic signal generator, the second-stage jet ultrasonic oscillator, and the three-stage jet ultrasonic oscillator of the present invention have substantially the same structure, and both of them include a tube tube, and a jet device is arranged in the front portion of the tube tube.
  • a jet nozzle is embedded in the base of the jet device, and the nozzle of the jet nozzle is rectangular and flat, and a hot air passage is arranged on one side or both sides of the jet nozzle in the jet nozzle, and a single air flow passage is installed in the hot air flow passage.
  • the flow direction of the check valve is opposite to the flow direction of the oil recovery; a reed is suspended in the rear portion of the base of the fluidic device, and the reed is arranged directly opposite the nozzle of the jet nozzle.
  • the reed is equal to the nozzle of the jet nozzle.
  • the respective reeds are equal in width to the nozzles of the corresponding jet nozzles.
  • the length of the oscillating chamber is ⁇ 500 mm.
  • the length of the ultrasonic cavitation chamber is greater than the length of the oscillation chamber.
  • the invention is based on the principle of swirling, jet and ultrasonic technology, so that a certain volume of liquid becomes a liquid with a certain oscillation frequency.
  • the crude oil After passing through the first-stage jet ultrasonic transmitter and the secondary jet ultrasonic oscillator, the crude oil generates a liquid A having a certain oscillation frequency in the newly arranged oscillation chamber.
  • the liquid Under the action of strong jet and strong ultrasonic, the liquid will produce higher and stronger ultrasonic oscillation. We call it the oscillating frequency liquid B.
  • the oil pump Under the action of the oil pump, the liquid molecules collide with the oscillating flow from the bottom to the top of the oil pipe, continuously The oil pump, the tubing wall and the sucker rod are oscillated and cleaned.
  • the attenuation of the oscillation of the crude oil during the flow process is automatically supplemented by the third-stage ultrasonic vibrator to form a higher and stronger ultrasonic oscillating liquid.
  • the resistance of crude oil flow under the oscillating state is greatly reduced, so that the surface of the oil pump, the tubing wall and the sucker rod is free from wax and scale, and the wear and corrosion of the oil pump, the tubing wall and the sucker rod surface are reduced.
  • the earth extends the life cycle and well washing cycle of the oil pump, oil pipe and sucker rod, and improves the functions of environmental protection, energy saving, wax prevention, anti-scaling and viscosity reduction, so as to maximize the unit crude oil production.
  • an air flow passage is added to each jet nozzle, and a one-way valve is installed.
  • the one-way valve is closed so that the crude oil can only flow out through the jet nozzle, causing oscillation; when injecting, the one-way valve is opened to ensure Ample saturated steam injection. Therefore, the applicability of the present invention is greatly improved, and it can be used for thermal mining or injection mining, and the application of the heavy oil well is realized.
  • Environmental protection function Eliminate or reduce the traditional chemical anti-wax cleaning, no pollution to the oil layer, groundwater and surface.
  • Anti-wax and anti-scaling function The oil pump, tubing wall and sucker rod surface are free of wax, scale and smooth, and no waxing and scaling.
  • Anti-corrosion function The wear and corrosion of the oil pump, tubing wall and sucker rod surface are greatly reduced, and the service life of the equipment is prolonged.
  • Figure 1 is a front cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the jet nozzle
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged right side view of the jet nozzle.
  • the present invention includes a cyclone 1, a first-stage jet ultrasonic signal generator 2, a second-stage jet ultrasonic oscillator 3, an ultrasonic cavitation chamber 6, and a cyclone 1 as an inlet end, and an ultrasonic wave.
  • the outer end of the cavitation chamber 6 is an outlet, in particular after the secondary jet ultrasonic oscillator 3, an oscillating chamber 4 is added before the ultrasonic cavitation chamber 6, and a three-stage jet ultrasonic oscillator 5 is mounted at the tail of the oscillating chamber 4.
  • the three-stage jet ultrasonic oscillator 5 is then connected to the ultrasonic cavitation chamber 6.
  • the first-stage jet ultrasonic signal generator 2, the second-stage jet ultrasonic oscillator 3, and the three-stage jet ultrasonic oscillator 5 in the embodiment have substantially the same structure, and both of them include a tube 7 and a tube 7
  • a jet device base 9 is mounted in the front section, and a jet nozzle 10 is embedded in the base 9 of the jet device.
  • the nozzle 13 of the jet nozzle 10 is rectangular and flat, and is located on one side or two of the nozzle 13 in the jet nozzle 10.
  • the side opening is provided with a saturated steam flow passage 11 , and the check valve 12 is installed in the air flow passage 11 , and the flow direction of the check valve 12 is opposite to the flow direction of the oil recovery; a reed 8 is suspended in the rear portion of the base 9 of the fluid spray device. The reed 8 is arranged opposite the spout 13 of the jet nozzle 10.
  • the reed 8 is equal to the spout 13 of the jet nozzle 10.
  • the respective reeds 8 are equal in width to the spouts 13 of the corresponding jet nozzles 10.
  • the length of the oscillating cavity 4 is ⁇ 680 mm (generally should be greater than 500 mm to ensure good effect, and the specific length should be set according to the parameters of the oil well to achieve the best).
  • the ultrasonic cavitation chamber has a length of 1000 mm (the general length should be larger than the oscillation cavity).

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  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

一种节能环保防蜡防垢超强降粘器，包括有依次对接的旋流器（1）、一级射流超声信发器（2）、二级射流超声振荡器（3）、超声空化腔（6），旋流器（1）为进口端，超声空化腔（6）的外端为出口，在二级射流超声振荡器（3）之后，超声空化腔（6）之前增设有一段振荡腔（4），振荡腔（4）的尾部安装有三级射流超声振荡器（5），三级射流超声振荡器（5）之后再接超声空化腔（6）；上述结构大大增加了原油的流动性，提高了泵效，增加了油井产量，不仅适用于普通油井的开采，特别适用于高粘度稠油井的开采。

Description

一种节能环保防蜡防垢超强降粘器 技术领域
本发明涉及石油开采设备，是用于井下抽油的一种节能环保防蜡防垢超强降粘器。
背景技术
在我国现有油田中，原油含蜡比达10—40％的中高含蜡油井占80％以上，蜡含量高，原油粘稠度高，流动性差，并且极易凝结堆积，从而引起出油筛管及抽油泵上、下各部位结蜡结垢堵塞，增加抽油泵无用功耗，减少出油量，甚至完全堵塞井筒而停产。
为解决原油石蜡结晶堵井这一油田采油生产的世界性难题，防蜡降粘类产品于近年中应运而生，目前该类产品所采用的技术均属射流超声理论的技术范畴，较早的产品结构是由射流发生器、超声振荡器、空化腔、涡流导流器和涡流喷射器组成，可谓第一代射流超声防蜡降粘类产品，存在的问题是：产品结构不合理、不科学，超声波声场强度弱，因此防蜡降粘效果十分有限。为此本发明人于2007年6月22日申请了一种环保型防蜡防垢降粘器的发明专利，并已获得专利权，专利号为ZL200710052537.2。该发明大大提高了防蜡降粘防垢的效果，可谓第二代射流超声防蜡降粘类产品，但该产品在深井、高蜡井和稠油井(大于1000mPa·S)的使用中仍然存在四点主要问题：第一，该产品主要由超强声波对抽采的原油进行超声处理，当原油日生产量大，声波强度相对不够；第二，对于含水量低的高蜡井，防蜡有一定效果但不彻底；第三，当油井深度深时，超声波处理原油距离越长声场强度就越弱；第四，对于粘稠度较大的油井，通常只能采用热采 或注采(即周期注气或循环注气方法，它是将一定数量的高温高压下的湿饱和蒸气注入油层，加热油层中的原油，然后开井回采。周期注气热采稠油使用有电加热装置的双空心抽油杆的常规油泵；循环注气热采稠油除使用有电加热装置的双空心抽油杆外，抽采油系统设有停机停采后能直接由地面井口向稠油层注气的机构。停采注气、开机采油、称之为注采一体化热采稠油抽油机。双空心抽油杆电加热装置是在原油上升过程中因温度不断下降粘度大幅上升时对原油加热的辅助加热装置。)方式，第一、二代产品则完全不能达到预期的效果，这是因为热采或注采时，抽油和加注热气流是交错进行的。首先，对井下加注热气流使稠油加热降粘，再抽油。当使用该产品时，由于射流喷嘴的喷口较小，加热气量受到限制，严重影响了降粘效果，从而限制了该产品的使用。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是要解决现有同类产品防蜡、防垢、降粘效果还不够理想，特别是不能适用粘稠度高(大于1000mPa·S)的油井采油等问题，提供一种节能环保防蜡防垢超强降粘器。
本发明的具体方案是：针对第二代射流超声防蜡降粘器进行再次改进，它包括有依次对接的旋流器、一级射流超声信发器、二级射流超声振荡器、超声空化腔，旋流器为进口端，超声空化腔的外端为出口，其特征是：在二级射流超声振荡器之后，超声空化腔之前增设有一段振荡腔，振荡腔的尾部安装有三级射流超声振荡器，三级射流超声振荡器之后再接超声空化腔。
本发明中所述一级射流超声信发器、二级射流超声振荡器、三级射流超声振荡器，三者具有基本相同的结构，它们都包括有一管筒，管筒的前段内装有一射流装置基座，射流装置基座内嵌装有一射流喷嘴，该射流喷嘴的喷口为长方扁平状，并且在射流喷嘴中位于喷口的一侧或二侧开设有热气流通道，热气流通道中安装有单向阀，单向阀的流向是与采油流向反向安装；在射流装置基座的后段悬装有一簧片，该簧片与射流喷嘴的喷口正对布置。
本发明中所述一级射流超声信发器中，簧片与射流喷嘴的喷口等宽。
本发明中所述二级射流超声振荡器和三级射流超声振荡器中，各自的簧片与对应的射流喷嘴的喷口等宽。
本发明中所述振荡腔长度≥500mm。
本发明中所述超声空化腔长度大于振荡腔长度。
本发明是以旋流、射流、超声技术为基本原理，使一定容积的液体成为具有一定振荡频率的液体。原油经过一级射流超声信发器和二级射流超声振荡器作用后在新设置的振荡腔内产生具有一定振荡频率的液体A。在强射流、强超声的作用下，液体将产生更高更强的超声振荡，我们称之为振荡频率液体B，在抽油泵作用下，液体分子沿油管从下向上碰撞振荡的流动，不断地对油泵、油管壁和抽油杆进行振荡清洗，原油在流动过程中振荡的衰减自动由第三级超声振动器补充振动能量并形成更高、更强的超声振荡液体。振荡状态下原油流动的阻力大大降低，至使油泵、油管壁和抽油杆表面无蜡无垢光滑，减少了油泵、油管壁和抽油杆表面的磨损和锈蚀，极 大地延长了油泵、油管和抽油杆的使用周期和洗井周期，提高了环保、节能、防蜡、防垢、降粘的功能，至使单位原油产量达到最大化。
本发明具有以下优点：
1.由于增设了振荡腔和第三级超声振荡器，使防蜡、防垢、降粘效果得到显著增强。
2.特别是在每个射流喷嘴中增加了气流通道，安装单向阀，抽油时，单向阀关闭使原油只能通过射流喷嘴流出，产生振荡；注气时，单向阀打开，保证了充足的饱和蒸汽注气量。因此本发明的适用性大大提高，能够用于热采或注采，实现了稠油井的应用。
3.在注采一体化热采稠油井和一般热采稠油井的采油生产，将减少和免除双空心杆电加热装置的使用。
4.环保功能：免除或减少传统化学防蜡清洗，对油层、地下水、地表无任何污染。
5.节能功能：洗井周期延长、单位指标增产；人工维护量少、电能热能降低。
6.防蜡防垢功能：油泵、油管壁和抽油杆表面无蜡无垢光滑，无结蜡结垢现象。
7.防蚀功能：油泵、油管壁和抽油杆表面磨损和锈蚀大大减少，延长设备使用寿命。
附图说明
图1是本发明总体结构主剖视图；
图2是射流喷嘴放大视图；
图3是射流喷嘴的放大右视图。
图中：1—旋流器，2—一级射流超声信发器，3—二级射流超声振荡器，4—固定振荡腔，5—三级射流超声振荡器，6—超声空化腔，7—管筒，8—簧片，9—射流装置基座，10—射流喷嘴，11—气流通道，12—单向阀，13—喷口。
具体实施方式
参见图1—3，本发明包括有依次对接的旋流器1、一级射流超声信发器2、二级射流超声振荡器3、超声空化腔6，旋流器1为进口端，超声空化腔6的外端为出口，特别是在二级射流超声振荡器3之后，超声空化腔6之前增设有一段振荡腔4，振荡腔4的尾部安装有三级射流超声振荡器5，三级射流超声振荡器5之后再接超声空化腔6。
本实施例中所述一级射流超声信发器2、二级射流超声振荡器3、三级射流超声振荡器5，三者具有基本相同的结构，它们都包括有一管筒7，管筒7的前段内装有一射流装置基座9，射流装置基座9内嵌装有一射流喷嘴10，该射流喷嘴10的喷口13为长方扁平状，并且在射流喷嘴10中位于喷口13的一侧或二侧开设有饱和蒸汽气流通道11，气流通道11中安装有单向阀12，单向阀12的流向是与采油流向反向安装；在射流装置基座9的后段悬装有一簧片8，该簧片8与射流喷嘴10的喷口13正对布置。
本实施例中所述一级射流超声信发器2中，簧片8与射流喷嘴10的喷口13等宽。
本实施例中所述二级射流超声振荡器3和三级射流超声振荡器5中，各自的簧片8与对应的射流喷嘴10的喷口13等宽。
本实施例中所述振荡腔4长度≥680mm(一般应大于500mm才能保证有较好的效果，具体长度应根据油井参数进行设定，才能达到最佳)。
本实施例中所述超声空化腔长度1000mm(一般长度应大于振荡腔即可)。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种节能环保防蜡防垢超强降粘器，包括有依次对接的旋流器、一级射流超声信发器、二级射流超声振荡器、超声空化腔，旋流器为进口端，超声空化腔的外端为出口，其特征是：在射流超声振荡器之后，超声空化腔之前增设有一段振荡腔，振荡腔的尾部安装有三级射流超声振荡器，三级射流超声振荡器之后再接超声空化腔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种节能环保防蜡防垢超强降粘器，其特征是：所述一级射流超声信发器、二级射流超声振荡器、三级射流超声振荡器，三者具有基本相同的结构，它们都包括有一管筒，管筒的前段内装有一射流装置基座，射流装置基座内嵌装有一射流喷嘴，该射流喷嘴的喷口为长方扁平状，并且在射流喷嘴中位于喷口的一侧或二侧开设有气流通道，气流通道中安装有单向阀，单向阀的流向是与采油流向反向安装；在射流装置基座的后段悬装有一簧片，该簧片与射流喷嘴的喷口正对布置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种节能环保防蜡防垢超强降粘器，其特征是：所述一级射流超声信发器中，簧片与射流喷嘴的喷口等宽。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种节能环保防蜡防垢超强降粘器，其特征是：所述二级射流超声振荡器和三级射流超声振荡器中，各自的簧片与对应的射流喷嘴的喷口等宽。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种节能环保防蜡防垢超强降粘器，其特征是：所述振荡腔长度≥500mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种节能环保防蜡防垢超强降粘器，其特征是：所述超声空化腔长度大于振荡腔长度。
PCT/CN2016/104942 2015-11-06 2016-11-07 一种节能环保防蜡防垢超强降粘器 WO2017076368A1 (zh)

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