WO2017071272A1 - Système de creusement profond et de fertilisation profonde de type à flux d'air - Google Patents

Système de creusement profond et de fertilisation profonde de type à flux d'air Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017071272A1
WO2017071272A1 PCT/CN2016/087539 CN2016087539W WO2017071272A1 WO 2017071272 A1 WO2017071272 A1 WO 2017071272A1 CN 2016087539 W CN2016087539 W CN 2016087539W WO 2017071272 A1 WO2017071272 A1 WO 2017071272A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
deep
airflow
fertilizer
air
soil
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PCT/CN2016/087539
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
吴福成
李翔宇
刘小明
李涛
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四川天本生物技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2017071272A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017071272A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C15/00—Fertiliser distributors
    • A01C15/04—Fertiliser distributors using blowers

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of modern agricultural power equipment, and particularly relates to an airflow type deep and deep application system.
  • the liquid transportation method is not suitable.
  • the transportation of the powder fertilizer is mainly carried by a transport vehicle such as a tractor, a tricycle or a pallet truck.
  • the transportation method requires high infrastructure and requires good road traffic. At the same time, it cannot be maneuvered, which may cause damage to the cultivated land or serious degree of compaction.
  • the motor vehicle or rickshaw is inconvenient to walk, and can only be transported by manpower, which is not only small in volume, low in efficiency, but also incapable of accurately transporting the granular fertilizer to a place where fertilization is required; Granular solid fertilizer is troublesome, can not achieve mechanized automatic loading and unloading, and work efficiency is low.
  • the existing deep application of powdered fertilizer is generally carried out by tractor (mostly using artificial) to spread the fertilizer powder on the surface, and then use rotary tillage. Machines or tractors are rotted or ploughed into the soil. There are no mobile soil deep-slung deep-application technologies and their complete sets of equipment.
  • powder fertilizer transport system is easy to move, does not compact the soil, large amount of transport, deep loose system power requirements are not high, small size, light weight, flexible action, small soil compaction, can make fertilizer powder
  • the granules are more effectively mixed with the soil and have less damage to the roots of the growing plants.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an airflow type deep deep application system capable of solving deep and deep soil application
  • the problem of long-distance transport with powdered fertilizers is not only applicable to large-scale farming in the plains, but also suitable for scattered plots such as mountains and hills.
  • the silty fertilizer conveying system is easy to move, does not compact the soil, and has a large conveying capacity. The requirements are not high, the volume is small, the weight is light, the action is flexible, the soil compaction is small, the fertilizer powder and the soil can be effectively mixed, and the root system of the growing plant is less damaged.
  • the airflow deep-slung deep application system of the present invention comprises a loose-action working gun and an airflow type granular fertilizer supply device for conveying the granular fertilizer to the fertilizer inlet of the loose-action working gun, the airflow type granular fertilizer
  • the supply device comprises an air compressor and a primary feed pipe connected to the air outlet of the air compressor, the primary feed pipe being provided with a feeder for sucking material through the venturi structure;
  • the loosening work gun is provided with an air flow passage and a fertilizer passage for feeding the granular fertilizer, the air flow passage is a venturi structure, and the fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer passage is connected with the contraction region of the air flow passage;
  • the airflow type granular fertilizer supply device further comprises a hopper and a secondary feed pipe, the first feed pipe outlet is connected to the feed port of the hopper; the air inlet of the secondary feed pipe is connected to the air a press inlet of the press and a pipe inlet connected to the discharge port at the bottom of the hopper at the pipe wall of the secondary feed pipe;
  • the airflow type granular fertilizer supply device further comprises a gas-solid separator inlet connected to the outlet of the secondary feed pipe for separating the granular fertilizer delivered by the airflow and the powder
  • the fertilizer is delivered to the inlet of the fertilizer channel of the Matsushita machine gun;
  • an air duct is connected between the air outlet of the air compressor and the inlet of the air flow passage of the loosening work gun;
  • a coiler for winding the pipeline is disposed on the air duct and the secondary feed pipe;
  • the airflow deep-slung deep-drawing system of the present invention further includes a loose-moving work vehicle that can move autonomously to the work area, and the body of the loose-working work vehicle is provided with a mechanical arm for clamping the loosening work gun into the soil;
  • the vehicle body is further provided with a soil detector for collecting soil information, and a processing unit for simultaneously connecting the signal to the soil detector and the robot arm; the processing unit receives the soil information collected by the soil detector to generate a control signal for the action of the robot arm;
  • the mechanical arm includes a support plate that is coupled to the vehicle body in a liftable manner, a swing arm rotatably coupled to the support plate, and a drive arm; the drive arm is axially extendable and the outer end is hinged to The swing arm is configured to drive the swing arm to swing in a horizontal plane; the loose work gun is fixed to the swing arm in a vertical direction; a lift cylinder is connected between the support plate and the vehicle body, and the swing arm includes a swing cylinder.
  • the driving arm includes a driving cylinder, the driving cylinder block is rotatably connected to the supporting plate, and the outer end of the driving cylinder piston rod is hinged to the swinging cylinder block;
  • the outer end of the swing arm is fixedly provided with a pneumatic raft for causing the loosening work gun to vibrate in a vertical direction, and the loosening work gun is fixed to the outer end of the pneumatic piston rod;
  • the vehicle body is further provided with a gas buffer tank, the inlet of the gas buffer tank is connected to the air duct, and the outlet of the gas buffer tank is connected to the air channel entrance of the loosening work gun.
  • the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the airflow type deep deep system of the present invention, the air flow generated by the air compressor is transmitted through the primary conveying pipe, and the feeder disposed in the primary conveying pipe has a venturi structure
  • the flow channel is connected to the primary feed pipe, and the feeder is further provided with a feed passage communicating with the flow passage, and the feed passage is connected with the storage tank of the powder transport vehicle, and the negative pressure is utilized.
  • the powder in the storage tank is sucked into the primary feeding pipe and transported to the loose-action working gun through the airflow; therefore, the problem of long-distance transportation of the granular fertilizer is solved, so that the system can be applied not only to plain large-scale farming, but also to the system. Suitable for scattered plots such as mountains and hills.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the connection of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the Matsui work vehicle of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a front elevational view of the Matsushita work vehicle of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a plan view of Figure 3.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the connection of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the loose-working work vehicle of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a front view of the loose-moving work vehicle of the present invention
  • the airflow deep-deep deep application system of the embodiment comprises a loose-action working gun 8 and an airflow type granular fertilizer supply device for conveying the granular fertilizer to the fertilizer inlet of the loose-action working gun 8, the airflow type powder
  • the granular fertilizer supply device comprises an air compressor 2 and a primary feed pipe 10 connected to the air outlet of the air compressor 2, the primary feed pipe 10 being provided with a feeder 11 for sucking material through a venturi structure.
  • the feeder 11 has a flow path of a venturi structure and connects the flow path to the primary feed pipe 10, and the feeder 11 is further provided with a feed passage communicating with the flow passage thereof, the feed passage and the powder
  • the storage tank of the material transport vehicle 1 is connected, and the powder in the storage tank is sucked into the primary feed pipe 10 by the negative pressure and transported to the loose-action working gun 8 through the air flow; therefore, the long-distance transportation of the granular fertilizer is solved.
  • the problem is that the system can be applied not only to plain large-scale farming, but also to scattered plots such as mountains and hills.
  • the loosening work gun 8 is provided with an air flow passage and a fertilizer passage for feeding the granular fertilizer
  • the air flow passage is a venturi structure
  • the fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer passage and the air flow passage The constriction zone is connected
  • the airflow passage is a venturi structure, which can accelerate the flow of the airflow, and at the same time, the fertilizer outlet and the fertilizer outlet of the fertilizer passage communicate with the contraction zone of the airflow passage, and the high-pressure jet airflow flowing through the airflow passage
  • the powdered fertilizer forms a negative pressure suction material, so that the powdered fertilizer and the high-pressure jet airflow are mixed in the airflow passage, and then enter the soil along with the high-pressure jet airflow to achieve the purpose of deep application.
  • the airflow type granular fertilizer supply device further includes a hopper 5 and a secondary feed pipe 4, and the outlet of the primary feed pipe 10 is connected to the feed port of the hopper 5, and passes through the primary feed pipe.
  • the transported fertilizer is stored in the hopper 5; the air inlet of the secondary feed pipe 4 is connected to the air outlet of the air compressor 2, and the pipe wall of the secondary feed pipe 4 is also provided with the bottom of the hopper 5
  • the fertilizer inlet connected to the material inlet, the discharge port at the bottom of the hopper 5 can be provided with a valve for controlling its opening and closing.
  • the valve can be controlled by a PLC and the PLC can be controlled by the PLC. After the electromagnetic valve is opened, the granular fertilizer depends on its own gravity or negative pressure. It is sucked into the secondary feed pipe 4, and the secondary feed pipe 4 is used for conveying the granular fertilizer.
  • the airflow type granular fertilizer supply device further comprises a gas-solid separator 7, the inlet of the gas-solid separator 7 is connected with the outlet of the secondary feed pipe 4, and is used for separating the powder conveyed by the airflow. Pelletized fertilizer and transported the granular fertilizer to the inlet of the fertilizer channel of the loosening work gun 8 to complete the soil Fertilization operation.
  • an air duct 3 is connected between the air outlet of the air compressor 2 and the inlet of the air flow passage of the loose-action working gun 8, and a four-way joint can be arranged at the air outlet of the air compressor 2 to make the air compressor 2
  • the air outlets are respectively connected to the primary conveying pipe 10, the secondary conveying pipe 4 and the air conveying pipe 3, which can effectively simplify the number of components of the system.
  • the air duct 3 and the secondary feed pipe 4 are respectively provided with a coiler 6 for winding the pipeline, and the wind deflector 6 can adjust the air supply according to the distance between the fertilization position and the hopper 5.
  • the airflow deep-slung deep-drawing system of the present embodiment further includes a loose-moving work vehicle that can be autonomously moved to the work area, and the body 19 of the loose-working work vehicle is provided with a mechanical arm for clamping the loosening work gun 8 into the soil.
  • the work vehicle can be moved to the soil position where deep application is required, and the existing agricultural machinery can solve the problem of large power, low efficiency, poor operation effect, compaction of the soil, damage to the root system of the crop, and lack of intelligence and other defects.
  • the mechanical arm is used to clamp the loose-action working gun 8 to insert the soil into the deep application, the loose soil fertilization effect is good, the work efficiency is high, and the small size can be applied to various terrain conditions.
  • the working trolley of the embodiment can be on the vehicle body 19 A plurality of mechanical arms are arranged, and each of the mechanical arms is clamped with a loose-action working gun 8, which can realize multi-point operation at the same time, and less affects the root growth of the plants during the operation, thereby achieving uniform loosening and fertilization effects, and improving Soil fertility and drought-resistant water storage capacity; the vehicle body 19 is further provided with a soil detector for collecting soil information, and a processing unit for simultaneously connecting the signal to the soil detector and the mechanical arm.
  • the processing unit receives the soil information collected by the soil detector to generate a control signal for the action of the robot arm, and the processing unit can determine the soil compaction degree, the tillage layer moisture, the organic matter content, and the nitrogen information according to the soil information detected by the detector.
  • Content, EC, pH, etc. to determine the technical solution for soil loosening and fertilization, that is, how much depth and width should be used for loosening and fertilizing operations to ensure a more favorable soil environment for plants; soil detectors
  • the existing soil moisture detector, sudden pressure detector or soil nutrient detector can be used to determine the soil fertilization operation plan according to the humidity, pressure or nutrient data of the soil.
  • the mechanical arm includes a support plate that is connected to the vehicle body 19 in a liftable manner.
  • a swing arm coupled to the support plate and a drive arm;
  • the drive arm is axially extendable and the outer end is hinged to the swing arm for driving the swing arm to swing in a horizontal plane;
  • the vertical direction is fixed to the swing arm;
  • the lifting plate 15 is connected between the support plate and the vehicle body 19,
  • the swing arm includes a swinging cylinder 14,
  • the driving arm includes a driving cylinder 13, and the driving cylinder 13 can be Rotating and connecting to the support plate, the outer end of the piston rod of the driving cylinder 13 is hinged to the cylinder of the swinging cylinder 14;
  • the bottom of the cylinder of the lifting cylinder 15 is fixed by bolting with the trolley body 19, and the piston rod is connected with the supporting plate to drive the cylinder 13 and swing
  • the cylinders 14 are rotatably connected to the support plate through the pin shaft and the bearing.
  • the outer end of the swing arm is fixedly provided with a pneumatic raft 12 for vibrating the loosening working gun 8 in a vertical direction
  • the loosening working gun 8 is fixed to the outer end of the piston rod of the pneumatic raft 12
  • the air enthalpy 12 is a device that uses compressed air to repeatedly impact the piston into the head.
  • the existing air pump 12 is generally composed of an impact mechanism, a gas distribution mechanism, a brazing material, etc., and the impact hammer repeatedly moves along a cylinder in the impact mechanism during operation. Impact, the top of the brazing top can achieve the purpose of crushing the soil on the construction surface.
  • the vehicle body 19 is further provided with a gas buffer tank 17, the inlet of the gas buffer tank 17 is connected to the air duct 3, and the outlet of the gas buffer tank 17 is connected to the loose work gun 8.
  • the gas supplied from the air compressor 2 enters the gas buffer tank 17, which ensures a stable supply of air during deep operation.
  • the bottom of the work vehicle of the embodiment is provided with a driving wheel 18 and a pneumatic motor for driving the driving wheel 18 to rotate.
  • the control unit is connected to the air motor for controlling the start and stop of the driving wheel 18, and the working vehicle of the embodiment
  • the driving power, the motive power of the robot arm, and the working power of the loose-loading machine are all performed by pneumatic devices. Therefore, only the compressed air generating device such as the air compressor 2 can provide power for all the movements of the trolley, thereby simplifying the structure of the trolley. Improve the reliability of their work.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de creusement profond et de fertilisation profonde à flux d'air comprenant un canon de travail de creusement et de fertilisation (8) à insérer dans le sol et un dispositif d'alimentation en engrais en poudre et en particules de type à flux d'air permettant de distribuer l'engrais en poudre et en particules dans l'orifice d'entrée d'engrais du canon de travail de creusement et de fertilisation. Le dispositif d'alimentation en engrais en poudre et en particules de type à flux d'air comprend un compresseur d'air (2) et un tuyau de distribution d'alimentation de première classe (10) relié à la sortie d'air du compresseur d'air (2). Le tuyau de distribution d'alimentation de première classe (10) est doté d'un dispositif d'alimentation (11) permettant d'aspirer le matériau par une structure de type venturi. Le système peut résoudre les problèmes de creusement profond et de fertilisation profonde du sol et de distribution peu pratique sur une longue distance d'engrais en poudre et en particules, et il est non seulement adapté à la culture à grande échelle dans des plaines, mais aussi adapté à des zones décentralisées, telles que des montagnes, des collines et des zones similaires. Le système est facile à déplacer, a un grand volume de distribution, ne compacte pas le sol, et peut mélanger efficacement de la poudre et des particules d'engrais avec le sol.
PCT/CN2016/087539 2015-10-29 2016-06-28 Système de creusement profond et de fertilisation profonde de type à flux d'air WO2017071272A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510716891.5 2015-10-29
CN201510716891.5A CN105409413B (zh) 2015-10-29 2015-10-29 气流式深松深施系统

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WO2017071272A1 true WO2017071272A1 (fr) 2017-05-04

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CN108303950A (zh) * 2018-04-11 2018-07-20 扬州大学 一种注肥机控制方法及控制系统
CN111328478A (zh) * 2020-04-01 2020-06-26 甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所 一种断根深度可调的果树断根施肥培土一体化机

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CN105409413B (zh) * 2015-10-29 2018-04-03 四川天本生物技术有限公司 气流式深松深施系统
CN106416515B (zh) * 2016-08-19 2019-08-13 王其传 自动定点施肥启动锤
CN106385903B (zh) * 2016-08-19 2018-10-16 王其传 液压式自动定点施肥设备
CN106941796B (zh) * 2017-04-10 2019-10-25 扬州大学 一种自走式气动松土施肥机
CN107027359B (zh) * 2017-04-10 2019-08-20 扬州大学 一种气动深松土施肥机
CN108738419A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2018-11-06 成都天本地源科技有限公司 利用储能液化空气进行土壤深松深施作业的方法
CN108811556A (zh) * 2018-06-01 2018-11-16 成都天本地源科技有限公司 茶种植土壤气爆深松与物料喷射深施的智能装备及方法
CN109168369A (zh) * 2018-10-24 2019-01-11 山东农业大学 一种智能化变量施肥装置及控制方法
CN111296018A (zh) * 2019-08-13 2020-06-19 成都天本地源科技有限公司 一种用于向土层深部施撒物料的气压并联式装置及方法
CN111656931B (zh) * 2020-06-30 2023-01-24 卯志华 一种用于中药材种植的施肥装置
CN112470640B (zh) * 2020-11-23 2022-06-03 西南交通大学 土壤松施装置及系统
CN115299226B (zh) * 2022-08-26 2023-03-17 东北农业大学 激振气流扰动式生物炭多行吹撒机

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CN111328478A (zh) * 2020-04-01 2020-06-26 甘肃省农业科学院林果花卉研究所 一种断根深度可调的果树断根施肥培土一体化机

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