WO2017064449A1 - Caisse d'expédition de véhicules et procédé de chargement de véhicules dans un navire - Google Patents

Caisse d'expédition de véhicules et procédé de chargement de véhicules dans un navire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017064449A1
WO2017064449A1 PCT/GB2016/000183 GB2016000183W WO2017064449A1 WO 2017064449 A1 WO2017064449 A1 WO 2017064449A1 GB 2016000183 W GB2016000183 W GB 2016000183W WO 2017064449 A1 WO2017064449 A1 WO 2017064449A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
crate
ship
cell
cells
loaded
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2016/000183
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Martin Clive-Smith
John Evans
Original Assignee
Blok-Beam Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Blok-Beam Limited filed Critical Blok-Beam Limited
Publication of WO2017064449A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017064449A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D85/68—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2585/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D2585/68—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form
    • B65D2585/6802—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form specific machines, engines or vehicles
    • B65D2585/686—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form specific machines, engines or vehicles vehicles
    • B65D2585/6865—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form specific machines, engines or vehicles vehicles motor cycles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2585/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials
    • B65D2585/68—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form
    • B65D2585/6802—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form specific machines, engines or vehicles
    • B65D2585/686—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form specific machines, engines or vehicles vehicles
    • B65D2585/6867—Containers, packaging elements or packages specially adapted for particular articles or materials for machines, engines, or vehicles in assembled or dismantled form specific machines, engines or vehicles vehicles automobiles

Definitions

  • Container load on/load off (lolo) ships are unable to compete when transporting vehicles because the cranes used to load containers lift one and sometimes two 40ft containers at a time, and cars if placed inside the containers fit possibly 3 or 4 in each 40ft container. This is well below the lift capacity of the container cranes which can often lift 50 tonnes or more at a time. Thus the cost of each lift is substantial so that even lifting 2 containers at a time is not sufficient commercially for the carriage of cars even where 4 cars are in each of two containers.
  • Lolo shipping lines have very little share of the business of moving cars. China and the far eastern countries are likely to secure ever more of the car manufacturing business and it is likely that more cars will be carried on ships than ever before. There is today an overcapacity in lolo cellular ships yet under ordering of roro ferries.
  • Cars arrive at ports carried on road trailers or special car carrying trains. Sometimes they do come in containers. However the trailers, trains and containers cannot be made significantly larger to match the ships and crane capacities because of the limits of roads and railway infrastructure. It is only once at the port where the weight and dimensional limits can be enlarged to match those of the cranes and ships.
  • a multi-cell vehicle shipping crate which can be loaded into a ship's hold using a shipping container lifting spreader, the crate comprising a plurality of load cells into which vehicles can be loaded, the cells being connected in a side by side configuration and having a set of standard lifting corner fittings for engagement by the loading spreader.
  • the crate may comprise two or more levels of side by side load cells.
  • the crate may have end frames provided with vertical posts and horizontally extending beams defining entrances for the load cells, the vertical posts supporting the vertical loads imposed on the crate during use, the end frames being connected by side frames defining the respective longitudinal sides of each cell and each cell having a floor pan extending between its side frames on which the vehicles can be loaded, the top of the crate being provided with the corner fittings for engagement by the loading spreader.
  • the side frames may be an open structure, for example, having longitudinal rails top and bottom connected by struts.
  • the end frames may each have a vertically extending reinforced centre section at the top and bottom corners of which are located the corner fittings.
  • the reinforced centre section may surround the entrance to the central load cell or cells.
  • the end frames may have cell extensions for the cells on either side of the central cell which extend outwardly from the end of each cell to provide additional protection for vehicles within the cell during use of the crate, these extensions being spaced from each other to allow the passage through these spaces of cell guides provided in the ship's hold.
  • the extensions might too provide a ramp surface to assist in the rolling of cars up and into the cells.
  • Such a crate can conveniently be transported to a dock where it is to be used in sections for assembly at the dock.
  • the sections of the crate may comprise end frames, side frames, decking sections and roof sections.
  • the present invention also provides a method of loading vehicles into a ship's hold or onto a ship's deck comprising:- a) providing a multi-cell vehicle shipping crate which can be loaded into a ship's hold or onto a ship's deck using a shipping container Irting spreader, the crate having a plurality of load cells into which vehicles can be loaded, the cells being connected in a side by side configuration and having a set of standard lifting corner fittings for engagement by the loading spreader;
  • first and second crates can be placed end to end and the vehicles can then be loaded into the cells of the crates by driving the vehicles through the cells of the first crate into the aligned cells of the second crate. More than two such crates can be aligned in this manner for loading when desired.
  • Figure 1 shows a perspective partly exploded view of a multi-cell vehicle shipping crate in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 2 shows a full exploded perspective view of the sub-assemblies of the crate of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3a shows a vehicle road transporter unloading vehicle for loading into a crate in accordance with the present invention;
  • Figure 3b shows two aligned crates in accordance with the present invention being loaded with vehicles on a dock side
  • Figure 3c shows a loaded crate being craned irto a ship's hold onto crates already loaded in the hold
  • Figure 4 shows a modified form of crate with the roof and side frames of the upper level omitted to allow the carriage of larger vehicles and vehicles orientaed transversely as well as
  • Figure 5 shows a crate in accordance with the nvention lifting extra vehicles on its strengthened roof section
  • Figures 6a to 6c show diagrammatically the width of the spaces required to allow the passage of the cell guide blades of different widths past the ends of a crate in accordance with the present invention
  • Figure 7 shows a perspective view on a larger scale of the lower part of a central vertically extending reinforcing frame used in an end frame of a crate in accordance with the present invention.
  • a multi-cell vehicle shipping crate 10 has end frames 11 joined by side frames 12 which have longitudinal rails 13 connected by side struts 14 which can be diagonally orientated to form a structural space frame construction.
  • These side frames are normally of a welded construction and define a plurality of side by side tunnels or load cells 15 into which vehicles can be loaded.
  • the overall depth of the side frames 12 is substantial some 1.6m or more between the slender rails 13 so that the typical 12m to 17m longitudinal span of the cells although very lightweight can each support several heavy vehicles. If the side frames were not space frames but structural members such as T beams the weight of the ⁇ beams would be some 8 times heavier to achieve equivalent strength and rigidity of the space frames.
  • Low tare weight is important to increase payload for a given gross weight. So in a preferred crate embodiment of ten cells 12m long, some 30 tonnes of cars may be carried in a crate of tare weight some 15 tonnes compared to the equivalent of ten 40ft containers that would be needed to carry the same volume of cars having a total tare weight of 40 tonnes.
  • Each load cell has a floor pan 16 which needs to be light and strong and may, for example, comprise a corrugated steel sheet welded to longitudinal rails 17. Because the floor pan 16 is supported by the side rails 13 themselves supported by the struts 14, a substantial load of vehicles can be supported along the floor pan typically up to 5 tonnes per cell. Similarly there is seen a roof pan 18 of corrugated steel or canvas or glass reinforced plastics or other suitable material, or in another embodiment (see Figure 6), the roof pan 18 can be made a load bearing structure similar to floor pan 16. The roof pan is fixed to those side rails 13' at the top of the crate 10.
  • Each end frame 11 is provided with a basic rectangular frame 20 with top and bottom rails 20a and 20b and vertical posts 21 which define the openings into each of the load cells 15.
  • the frame 20 is strengthened by additional vertical posts 22 at the outer ends of the frame and posts 23 which surround the central cell openings 15A to form a vertically extending reinforcing frame 24, the bottom part of which is shown in Figure 7, with a top strengthening member 24a and a bottom strengthening member 24b. Corner fittings 25 are secured on the top of member 24a and on the bottom of member 24b.
  • top and bottom horizontal faces of the corner fittings 25 form the uppermost and lower most plane of the crate so that the corner fittings on the top of member 24a are used to connect with an associated standard container lifting spreader 26 as shown in Figures 3c, 4 and 5 and the corner f ttings 25 (see Figure 7) on the bottom of member 24b are used to lock the crate to any crate located below either when the crate has been loaded onto the ship's open deck (having no cell guides) or when the crate is stacked on other similar crates on the dock side or in the ship's hold.
  • the vertical posts 21, 22 and 23 extend to the top and bottom horizontal planes of the corner fittings 25 so that when stacked on or below or another crate or stacked on the horizontal deck of a ship, they all take the vertical stacking loads imposed on the crate whether waiting on the dock stacked or otherwise or positioned or stacked in the ship's hold or positioned or stacked on the ship's deck.
  • the end frames 11 also have cell extensions 27 for the cells either side of the central cells 15A which extend outwardly from the end of each cell to provide additional protection for vehicles within the cell during use of the crate. These extensions are spaced from each other at 28 to allow the passage through these spaces of the blades 29 of cell guides 30 provided in the ship's hold 31 as best seen in Figure 5.
  • the end frames 11 are a vital part of the crates construction and are therefore best made as a unitary welded construction to ensure the necessary strength and rigidity.
  • Figure 2 shows the exploded details of the components of the crate these being the end frames 11, side frames 12, floor pans 16 and roof pans 18. Due to the size of the assembled crate these components are best transported to the dock where the crate is to be used and assembled on the dock.
  • the components can be joined together by bolts or other fasteners and /or welding.
  • the floor pans 16 have built into them known aperture fittings 30 or lashing rings, as shown in Figure 4, for receiving lashings 31 and lashing hooks 32 and chocks (not shown) can also be used for securing the vehicles cars tightly in place to the floors.
  • vehicles 33 are orientated longitudinally (see arrow X) relative to the ship when in their travelling position in the hold. This positioning of the vehicle deals best with the forces applied to the vehicles due to rolling of the ship which generates high accelerations transverse relative to the ship and are best resisted by orientating the rolling wheels of a vehicle in the more benign direction of the lower longitudinal accelerations of the ship's sea going motions. Even so to combat these forces the vehicles are lashed down in both directions.
  • FIG 3a there is seen a road transporter 35 unloading a vehicle 33 onto a quay side 34. From there, as shown in Figure 3b, the vehicle 33 is driven up a ramp 36 and in this example on to the upper level of the crate 10.
  • the ramp 36 is adjustable using supports 37 to move it to line up with the other floors of the crate 10.
  • a second crate 10' of the same construction which is lined up horizontally with the first crate to allow cars tc be driven along the floors from the first crate 10 into the aligned second crate 10'. Any number of crates can be located in alignment and loaded in this way.
  • FIG. 3c Part of a container ship 38 is seen in section in Figure 3c.
  • the ship has vertically extending cell guides 30 in its hold 31.
  • the crate 10 is shown in Figure 3c being lowered into the hold 31 by a standard loading spreader 26 which is hooked ⁇ fittings 25.
  • the cell guides 30 have their customary blades 29 projecting towards each other in order to guide and support containers placed within the rectangular space formed by them. Since the crate 10 is in this example 5 times wider than a standard container it occupies five rectangular container slots defined between the cell guides 30 and thus receives the blades 29 of the guides into its structure via the spaces 28 between the cell extensions 27.
  • cell CI is the central cell of a five cell wide crate which has a centre line L and cells C2 and C3 are the two cells to the left of the centre cell CI of the crate.
  • Such a crate will not fit within the 15mm blade arrangement shown in Figure 6a with its 40mm wide spaces 28.
  • Figure 6b shows the width of the spaces 28' and 28" required for such a crate when used with cell blades 29 of a width of 50mm.
  • the first space 28' needs to have a width of 75mm (50mm blade width +25mm working clearance) to accommodate blade Bl.
  • the pitch between the centres of the 50mm wide blades is 2513mm (2438+50+25) this is 35mm wider than the 2478mm pitch of the 15mm blades shown in Figure 6a.
  • the spaces between central cell CI and the two cells (not shown) to the right of cell CI are similarly also required to be 75mm and 110 mm respectively.
  • Figure 6c shows that cell guide blades 29 of width 15mm fit within the spaces 28' and 28" of Figure 6b.
  • the spaces 28' and 28" of Figure 6b will accommodate guide cell blades of between 15mm and 50mm.
  • the spaces 28 required for crates of different blade width and differing numbers o" side by side cells 15 can be calculated.
  • each load cell 15 can be made internally wider as it is no longer necessary for there to be spaces between the load cells and there is only one side frame wall between adjacent cells. This gives workers loading the vehicles into the cells more room to move and this is further enhanced by the open structure of the side frames which allows workers to stick parts of their bodies through the side walls and even crawl between the cells 15 through the side frames, and allow natural light to pass through and assist in their activity. Also the height of the cells 15 can be reduced below the standard height of a container thus allowing more crates to be loaded into a given ship's hold.
  • the number of vehicles being transported might comprise a mixture of types of cars.
  • a typical family saloon car has a height of less than 1.6m where as a recreation vehicle or 4x4 vehicle has a height of greater than 1.75m. If the distribution of vehicles to be transported is 100% 1.55m high saloons then the interior heights of the cells might with working clearance be say 1.65m. On the other hand is cells are needed to carry taller cars, then a greater interior height might be provided with cells of say 1.95m. Or there could indeed be made a mixture of one level of cells having a different interior height to another le*/el.
  • the roof be omitted and the side frames provided at the upper level likewise be omitted and the floors of both the upper level and lower level be supported by the lower level side frames.
  • vehicles 40 loaded on the upper level then might be stowed transversely or longitudinally or diagonally, and be of greater height than when enclosed by the roof.
  • the upper level of the crate can also be loaded with vehicles from the side if required.
  • at least the posts 23 of the central reinforcing frame 24 be made vertically telescopic to enable still taller or shorter cars to be efficiently stowed and lifted in the cage by a standard spreader 26.
  • h figure 5 is shown a still further crate construction in which the roof is made structural in the form of floor pans 16 and is therefore able to support bulky vehicles 40 or other cargo that could not fit inside the load cells 15 and yet still provide access for a spreader 26 to pick up the loaded crate 10 via fittings 25.
  • a utilisation of the crate 10, as with the arrangement shown in Figure 4, would need to be stacked on top of other containers or crates.
  • Other cargo such as motor bikes 41 or boats 42 can be loaded into the crates 10.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une caisse d'expédition de véhicules à cellules multiples, laquelle caisse peut être chargée dans la cale d'un navire à l'aide d'un dispositif de saisie de levage de conteneur d'expédition, la caisse comprenant une pluralité de cellules de chargement dans lesquelles des véhicules peuvent être chargés, les cellules étant reliées sous une configuration côte-à-côte et ayant un ensemble d'accessoires de coin de levage standard pour venir en prise avec le dispositif de saisie de chargement. La caisse peut avoir deux ou plusieurs niveaux de cellules de chargement côte-à-côte et peut avoir des cadres d'extrémité comportant des montants verticaux et des poutres s'étendant horizontalement définissant des entrées pour les cellules de chargement, les montants verticaux soutenant les charges verticales appliquées à la caisse pendant l'utilisation. Les cadres d'extrémité peuvent être reliés par des cadres latéraux définissant les côtés longitudinaux respectifs de chaque cellule, et chaque cellule a un bac de plancher s'étendant entre ses cadres latéraux, sur lequel les véhicules peuvent être chargés.
PCT/GB2016/000183 2015-10-12 2016-10-11 Caisse d'expédition de véhicules et procédé de chargement de véhicules dans un navire WO2017064449A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1518044.1 2015-10-12
GBGB1518044.1A GB201518044D0 (en) 2015-10-12 2015-10-12 A large crate for carrying cars

Publications (1)

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WO2017064449A1 true WO2017064449A1 (fr) 2017-04-20

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PCT/GB2016/000183 WO2017064449A1 (fr) 2015-10-12 2016-10-11 Caisse d'expédition de véhicules et procédé de chargement de véhicules dans un navire

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WO (1) WO2017064449A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11465863B1 (en) 2021-09-10 2022-10-11 Stackloading Services Ltd. Systems and methods for moving containers between vehicles and platforms
WO2024025566A1 (fr) * 2022-07-29 2024-02-01 Pan Trevor Système de transport de cargaison

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994006677A1 (fr) * 1992-09-24 1994-03-31 Floatline Ab Procede et systeme de transport de vehicules
US5526940A (en) * 1994-05-19 1996-06-18 Sea Barge, Inc. Multilevel container for transporting automobiles
WO2002051722A1 (fr) * 2000-12-22 2002-07-04 Tts Ships Equipment Ab Système de chargement et déchargement d'automobiles
US20050019128A1 (en) * 2003-07-21 2005-01-27 Sain Bernard S. Transport platform

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1994006677A1 (fr) * 1992-09-24 1994-03-31 Floatline Ab Procede et systeme de transport de vehicules
US5526940A (en) * 1994-05-19 1996-06-18 Sea Barge, Inc. Multilevel container for transporting automobiles
WO2002051722A1 (fr) * 2000-12-22 2002-07-04 Tts Ships Equipment Ab Système de chargement et déchargement d'automobiles
US20050019128A1 (en) * 2003-07-21 2005-01-27 Sain Bernard S. Transport platform

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11465863B1 (en) 2021-09-10 2022-10-11 Stackloading Services Ltd. Systems and methods for moving containers between vehicles and platforms
US11655107B2 (en) 2021-09-10 2023-05-23 Stackloading Systems Ltd. Systems and methods for moving containers between vehicles and platforms
WO2024025566A1 (fr) * 2022-07-29 2024-02-01 Pan Trevor Système de transport de cargaison

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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