WO2017063475A1 - 直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置 - Google Patents

直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置 Download PDF

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WO2017063475A1
WO2017063475A1 PCT/CN2016/099113 CN2016099113W WO2017063475A1 WO 2017063475 A1 WO2017063475 A1 WO 2017063475A1 CN 2016099113 W CN2016099113 W CN 2016099113W WO 2017063475 A1 WO2017063475 A1 WO 2017063475A1
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ice
evaporator
water
ice making
direct
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PCT/CN2016/099113
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French (fr)
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罗良宜
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艾斯普节能技术(深圳)有限公司
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Publication of WO2017063475A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017063475A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25CPRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
    • F25C1/00Producing ice

Definitions

  • the application relates to an ice making device, in particular to a direct evaporating ice slurry circulating dynamic ice making device.
  • Ice storage technology has a variety of ice making methods, which can be divided into two categories.
  • the first type is direct heat exchange between water and refrigerant. It has high heat exchange efficiency and high heat transfer capacity. It produces ice cream type ice. The load of the ice melting process is good, but the purity of the refrigerant is affected by the formation of corrosive gases. Affecting the operation of the chiller has been basically eliminated.
  • the second type is the indirect heat exchange method between water and refrigerant. It also includes static ice making, non-phase change dynamic ice making, and contact type refrigerant cooling.
  • Three types of dynamic ice making 1.
  • Static ice making device that is, cooling pipe
  • the ice is frozen in the outer or ice container, and the ice itself is in a relatively static state.
  • the static ice making process as the amount of ice is increased, the thermal resistance between the water and the cold source is gradually increased, and the ice making rate is reduced. The energy loss increases.
  • the static ice making system is simple, stable and easy to implement, it has become the mainstream in the application of ice storage system, but it has low heat exchange efficiency in the static formation process of ice, poor load followability in the ice melting process, complex system and high cost investment. Large, especially in the case of ultra-large-scale, low-cost and efficient ice storage. 2.
  • Contact type refrigerant phase change dynamic ice making device (ZL201220237000.X) and water energy water heater (ZL201320180232.0) provide a basic similar contact type refrigerant phase change dynamic ice making device, both adopting cold load
  • the liquid carrier changes in the gas-liquid phase.
  • the liquid brine passes through the evaporation, and directly exchanges heat with water to form ice-cream ice.
  • the gaseous refrigerant directly releases heat to the cold source through condensation, and the heat exchange efficiency is high.
  • the heat transfer capacity is large, the ice cream type ice is formed, and the load of the ice melting process is good.
  • Non-phase-change dynamic ice-making device ice crystals and ice slurry are formed during the ice-making process, and ice crystals and ice slurry are in motion.
  • the cold-carrying agent used in non-phase-change dynamic ice making includes supercooled water, heat-conducting liquid and heat conduction. In the case of gas and aqueous solution, the ice layer does not grow on the heat exchange surface, so the thermal resistance between the water and the cold source does not change with the progress of the ice making process.
  • the heat exchange efficiency is maintained during the ice making process, and the refrigerator can be compared. Run under good conditions; generate ice cream ice, The ice-melting process has good load followability, but the system is complicated and the stability is poor.
  • One of the most promising is the ultra-cold water dynamic ice making system.
  • the system uses ice too cold to make ice. The advantage is that no other substances are introduced.
  • the cold storage is performed, the water is supercooled by the refrigeration compressor unit, and the supercooled state is released at the outlet of the subcooler to precipitate ice crystals.
  • the core component of the system is the subcooler. Japan has been studying the technology for more than 20 years, and there are also examples of engineering applications, but it is not yet fully mature.
  • the main problem is that the cold water is a very unstable state. It is easy to freeze frequently in the subcooler, which causes the system efficiency to drop or even block the pipeline. The water entering the subcooler needs to strictly remove the ice crystal impurities. The process is complicated and can High consumption, therefore, how to control the excessive cooling of the supercooled water in the subcooler is a key problem to be solved by this technology.
  • the present application provides a direct evaporative ice-cold dynamic ice making device, which is mixed with ice crystals to form an ice slurry.
  • the direct evaporating ice-cold circulating dynamic ice making device directly enters the heat exchanger tube of the refrigerating host evaporator by using ice slurry, and evaporates.
  • the heat exchange tubes of the tubes all adopt one whole tube, and there is no connection joint.
  • the main evaporator uses a shell-and-tube heat exchanger or a casing heat exchanger, and the ice slurry maintains a high-speed flow in the main evaporator tube, and the main evaporator is inside the evaporator tube. There is no stagnant dead angle, and the high ice slurry flow rate makes the ice crystals not adhere to the inner wall of the main evaporator tube. The presence and length of ice crystals in the ice slurry timely eliminates the subcooling of the water in the tube.
  • the direct evaporative ice-cold dynamic ice making device can use the flowing ice crystal to eliminate the subcooling degree of the water in the main evaporator tube, and the high flow rate is used to prevent the ice crystal from adhering to the inner wall of the main evaporator tube, thereby preventing the inner wall of the main evaporator tube.
  • this application breaks through the common sense that cold ice making ice crystals can not enter the heat exchange tube, so that the dynamic ice making process of directly using water to make ice is simple, smooth, stable, efficient, and energy-saving.
  • the direct evaporative ice circulation circulating ice making device comprises an ice storage tank, a water pump, a water separator, an evaporator, a water collector; an ice storage tank, a water pump, and a water dividing device.
  • the evaporator, the evaporator and the water collector are connected in series; the inlet and outlet of the ice storage tank are all at the bottom of the ice storage tank, and the proper distance between the water inlet and the outlet of the ice storage tank is maintained according to the flow rate of the water inlet and outlet of the ice storage tank, Part of the ice slurry in the water inlet of the ice storage tank can smoothly enter the water outlet of the ice storage tank for circulation.
  • the water separator is directly connected to the heat exchange tube of the evaporator, and the water separator is separated from the evaporator, and the heat treatment is performed to make the evaporator cold.
  • the evaporator is a full liquid evaporator
  • the evaporator is the evaporator of the refrigerator (or heat pump)
  • the refrigerant refrigerant evaporates outside the evaporator tube to remove heat, and the ice slurry is in the tube.
  • the heat exchange tube of the evaporator is directly connected with the water separator and the water collector, the evaporator is separated from the water separator and the water collector, and the heat treatment is performed, so that the evaporator cold amount is not transmitted to the water separator,
  • the water collector and the evaporator heat exchange tube all adopt one whole tube, and no joint is connected; the water collector is connected with the heat exchange tube of the evaporator, the water collector is separated from the evaporator, and the heat treatment is performed to evaporate The amount of cold is not transferred to the sump.
  • the ice slurry flows in the evaporator heat exchange tube without stagnation, comprehensive energy consumption and stability.
  • the range is from 0.5m/s to 5m/s, preferably 2m/s, so that the ice crystals will not adhere to the host.
  • the inner wall of the evaporator tube, the presence and length of the ice crystal in the ice slurry timely eliminates the subcooling degree of the water in the tube, and the evaporator heat exchanger tube does not freeze, and the ice making process also achieves a smooth and stable effect. Since water is directly used to make ice, no other substances are introduced, and there is no special requirement for water quality. In summer, it can be used for ice storage and cold storage, and in winter, it can be used to extract a large amount of latent heat of water into ice to efficiently make hot water heating.
  • the beneficial effect of the present application is that the direct evaporating ice-cold dynamic ice making device adopts a simple process and simple equipment, so that the dynamic ice making process using water directly to make ice is simple, smooth, stable, efficient, and energy-saving; Can save investment and reduce energy consumption.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a preferred embodiment of the present application.
  • the direct evaporative ice-cold dynamic ice making device comprises an ice storage tank 1, a water pump 2, a water separator 3, an evaporator 4, a water collector 5, an ice storage tank 1, and a water pump. 2.
  • Water separator 3 The evaporator 4 and the water collector 5 are connected in series; the inlet and outlet of the ice storage tank 1 are at the bottom of the ice storage tank 1, and the flow rate of the water storage tank 1 according to the inlet and outlet of the ice storage tank 1 is maintained between the inlet and outlet.
  • a suitable distance allows a portion of the ice slurry in the water inlet of the ice storage tank 1 to smoothly enter the water outlet of the ice storage tank 1 for circulation.
  • the water separator 3 is directly connected to the heat exchange tube 41 of the evaporator 4, and the water separator 3 and the evaporator 4 are isolated from each other, and the heat treatment is performed so that the cold amount of the evaporator 4 is not transmitted to the water separator.
  • the evaporator 4 is a full liquid evaporator
  • the evaporator 4 is the evaporator 4 of the refrigerator
  • the refrigerator refrigerant evaporates outside the tube of the evaporator 4 heat exchange tube 41 to remove heat
  • the ice slurry flows in the tube, and evaporates
  • the heat exchange tube 41 of the device 4 is directly connected to the water separator 3 and the water collector 5, and the evaporator 4 is separated from the water separator 3 and the water collector 5, and is insulated, so that the cold volume of the evaporator 4 is not It is transferred to the water separator 3 and the water collector 5, and the heat exchange tubes 41 of the evaporator 4 all adopt a single tube without a joint; the water collector 5 is connected with the heat exchange tube 41 of the evaporator 4, and is assembled.
  • the water heater 5 is isolated from the evaporator 4 and insulated so that the cold amount of the evaporator 4 is not transmitted to the sump 5.
  • the ice slurry flows in the tube of the heat exchange tube 41 of the evaporator 4, and there is no stagnant flow. Under the flow rate of about 2 m/s, the ice crystal does not adhere to the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 41 of the evaporator 4, and the existence and length of the ice crystal in the ice slurry are timely.
  • the degree of subcooling of the water in the heat exchange tube 41 is eliminated, and the heat exchange tube 41 of the evaporator 4 does not freeze, and the ice making process also achieves a smooth and stable effect.
  • the direct evaporative ice-cold dynamic ice making device has simple equipment, low investment and high efficiency.

Abstract

直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置,包括依次管连接的蓄冰槽(1)、水泵(2)、分水器(3)、蒸发器(4)、集水器(5),其中,蒸发器(4)的换热管(41)与分水器(3)、集水器(5)直接连接,蒸发器(4)与分水器(3)和集水器(5)之间隔离、隔热处理,使蒸发器(4)的冷量不会传递到分水器(3)和集水器(5)。

Description

直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置
本申请要求于2015年10月13日提交中国专利局、申请号为201520800260.7、发明名称为“直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置”的中国专利申请的优先权,其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及一种制冰装置,尤其是一种直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置。
背景技术
冰蓄冷技术有各种各样的制冰方式,这些制冰方式可以分为两类。第一类是水与冷媒直接热交换方式,它换热效率很高,传热能力很大,生成冰激凌式冰,融冰过程负荷跟随性好,但由于生成腐蚀性气体等,影响冷媒纯度,影响制冷机运行,已基本上被淘汰。第二类是水与冷媒间接热交换方式,它又包括静态制冰、非相变动态制冰、接触式载冷剂相变动态制冰三种:1.静态制冰装置,即在冷却管外或盛冰容器内结冰,冰本身处于相对静止状态,在静态制冰过程中,随着制冰量的增加,水与冷源之间的热阻逐渐增大,制冰率因而减小,能量损失增加。尽管静态制冰系统简单,运行稳定,易于实现,目前已成为冰蓄冷系统应用中的主流,但是它存在冰的静态形成过程换热效率低,融冰过程负荷跟随性差,系统复杂,成本高投资大,尤其不能实现超大规模低成本高效蓄冰。2.接触式载冷剂相变动态制冰装置(ZL201220237000.X)和水能热水器(ZL201320180232.0)提供了一种基本类似的接触式载冷剂相变动态制冰装置,都采用载冷剂,热冷传递过程中载冷剂发生气液相变,液态载冷剂通过蒸发,与水直接热交换生成冰激凌式冰,气态载冷剂通过冷凝直接放热给冷源,换热效率高,传热能力大,生成冰激凌式冰,融冰过程负荷跟随性好,然而,都需要使用像丁烷一样的载冷剂,系统必须完全封闭,载冷剂的成本高,还有易燃爆、影响环境等等制冷剂普遍存在的问题。3.非相变动态制冰装置,该制冰过程中有冰晶、冰浆生成,且冰晶、冰浆处于运动状态,非相变动态制冰使用的载冷剂包括过冷水、导热液体、导热气体和水溶液等,冰层不在换热表面生长,因而水与冷源之间热阻并不随制冰过程的进行而改变,制冰过程中一直保持较高的热交换效率,制冷机可以在较佳工况下运行;生成冰激凌式冰, 融冰过程负荷跟随性好,然而系统复杂,稳定性差。其中最有前景的是过冷水动态制冰系统,系统是利用水的过冷现象来制冰,优点是不引入任何其他物质。蓄冷时,由制冷压缩机组将水过冷,在过冷器出口将过冷状态解除,使之析出冰晶。该系统的核心部件是过冷却器。日本研究该技术已有20多年,也有工程应用的实例,但目前尚未完全成熟。主要问题是过冷水是一种很不稳定的状态,在过冷器里容易频繁结冰,造成系统效率下降甚至堵塞管路,进入过冷器的水中需要严格地去除冰晶杂质,过程复杂,能耗高,因此,如何控制过冷水在过冷器内不发生结冰是该技术需解决的关键问题。
发明内容
为了克服现有过冷水动态制冰系统过冷器里容易频繁结冰,造成系统效率下降甚至堵塞管路,进入过冷器的水中需要严格地去除冰晶杂质,过程复杂,能耗高的不足,本申请提供一种直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置,冰晶混在水里形成冰浆,该直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置采用冰浆直接进入制冷主机蒸发器换热管管内,蒸发器换热管全部采用一根整管,没有连接接头,主机蒸发器采用壳管式换热器或套管换热器,冰浆在主机蒸发器管内保持较高速度的流动,主机蒸发器管内没有滞流死角,高的冰浆流速使冰晶不会附着在主机蒸发器管内壁,冰浆中冰晶的存在、长大会及时消除管内水的过冷度。这样达到使该直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置能利用流动的冰晶消除主机蒸发器管内水的过冷度,利用高的流速防止冰晶附着在主机蒸发器管内壁,防止主机蒸发器管内壁结冰,本申请突破了过冷水制冰冰晶不能进入换热管内的常识,使直接使用水来制冰的动态制冰过程达到简单、顺畅、稳定、高效、节能的目的。
本申请解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是:该直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置包括蓄冰槽、水泵、分水器、蒸发器、集水器;蓄冰槽、水泵、分水器、蒸发器、集水器之间依次管连接;所述蓄冰槽进出水口都在蓄冰槽的底部,根据蓄冰槽进出水口水的流速蓄冰槽进出水口之间保持合适的距离,使蓄冰槽进水口中的部分冰浆能够顺利进入蓄冰槽出水口进行循环。所述分水器与所述蒸发器的换热管直接连接,分水器与蒸发器之间隔离,隔热处理,使蒸发器冷 量不会传递到分水器;所述蒸发器是满液式蒸发器,蒸发器是制冷机(或热泵)的蒸发器,制冷机冷媒在蒸发器管外蒸发带走热量,冰浆在管内流动,蒸发器的换热管与分水器、集水器直接连接,蒸发器与分水器、集水器之间隔离,隔热处理,使蒸发器冷量不会传递到分水器、集水器,蒸发器换热管全部采用一根整管,没有连接接头;所述集水器与蒸发器的换热管连接,集水器与蒸发器之间隔离,隔热处理,使蒸发器冷量不会传递到集水器。冰浆在蒸发器换热管管内流动,没有滞流,综合能耗和稳定性,在合适流速下,范围0.5m/s到5m/s,优选2m/s流速,使冰晶不会附着在主机蒸发器管内壁,冰浆中冰晶的存在、长大会及时消除管内水的过冷度,蒸发器换热器管内就不会结冰,制冰过程也达到了顺畅、稳定的效果。由于直接采用水来制冰,没有引入其他物质,对水质没有特别要求,不仅夏天可用于制冰蓄冷,冬天还可以用来提取水变为冰的大量潜热来高效制热水供暖。另外,可以采用比水比重大的细颗粒状物质单独或与冰浆一起参与制冰循环,优化流态化制冰效果,防止管壁结冰;比水比重大的细颗粒状物质如沙粒,塑料粒等与冰容易分离,易于循环过程自动顺利进行。
本申请的有益效果是,该直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置采用简单流程、简单设备,使直接使用水来制冰的动态制冰过程简单、顺畅、稳定、高效、节能;制冰系统能节省投资、减少能耗。
附图说明
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请作进一步说明。
附图1是本申请较佳实施例的示意图。
图中1.蓄冰槽、2.水泵、3.分水器、4.蒸发器、41.换热管、5.集水器。
具体实施方式
为了使审查员能够进一步了解本申请的目的,现附较佳实施例以详细说明如下,本实施例仅用于说明本申请的技术方案,并非限定本申请。
在附图1所示实施例中,该直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置包括蓄冰槽1、水泵2、分水器3、蒸发器4、集水器5;蓄冰槽1、水泵2、分水器3、 蒸发器4、集水器5之间依次管连接;所述蓄冰槽1进出水口都在蓄冰槽1的底部,根据蓄冰槽1进出水口水的流速蓄冰槽1进出水口之间保持合适的距离,使蓄冰槽1进水口中的部分冰浆能够顺利进入蓄冰槽1出水口进行循环。所述分水器3与所述蒸发器4的换热管41直接连接,分水器3与蒸发器4之间隔离,隔热处理,使蒸发器4的冷量不会传递到分水器3;所述蒸发器4是满液式蒸发器,蒸发器4是制冷机的蒸发器4,制冷机冷媒在蒸发器4换热管41管外蒸发带走热量,冰浆在管内流动,蒸发器4的换热管41与分水器3、集水器5直接连接,蒸发器4与分水器3、集水器5之间隔离,隔热处理,使蒸发器4的冷量不会传递到分水器3、集水器5,蒸发器4换热管41全部采用一根整管,没有连接接头;所述集水器5与所述蒸发器4的换热管41连接,集水器5与蒸发器4之间隔离,隔热处理,使蒸发器4的冷量不会传递到集水器5。冰浆在蒸发器4换热管41管内流动,没有滞流,在2m/s左右流速下,使冰晶不会附着在蒸发器4换热管41内壁,冰浆中冰晶的存在、长大会及时消除换热管41内水的过冷度,蒸发器4换热管41内就不会结冰,制冰过程也达到了顺畅、稳定的效果。该直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置设备简单、投资省、效率高。
需要声明的是,上述发明内容及具体实施方式意在证明本申请所提供技术方案的实际应用,不应解释为对本申请保护范围的限定。本领域技术人员在本申请的精神和原理内,当可作各种修改、等同替换或改进。本申请的保护范围以所附权利要求书为准。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置,包括蓄冰槽、水泵、分水器、蒸发器、集水器,蓄冰槽、水泵、分水器、蒸发器、集水器之间依次管连接,其特征是:分水器与蒸发器之间隔离,隔热处理。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置,其特征是:蒸发器是满液式蒸发器。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置,其特征是:蒸发器是制冷机的蒸发器。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置,其特征是:集水器与蒸发器之间隔离,隔热处理。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置,其特征是:蒸发器换热管全部采用一根整管,没有连接接头。
PCT/CN2016/099113 2015-10-13 2016-09-14 直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置 WO2017063475A1 (zh)

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CN205027017U (zh) * 2015-10-13 2016-02-10 罗良宜 直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置
CN105115214A (zh) * 2015-10-13 2015-12-02 罗良宜 直接蒸发式冰浆循环动态制冰装置
TWI621819B (zh) * 2017-03-02 2018-04-21 張平 蒸發凝結裝置及發電裝置
CN109028681A (zh) * 2018-07-20 2018-12-18 邹雨菲 一种冲刷产冰系统

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