WO2017063176A1

WO2017063176A1 - Photovoltaic conversion module

Info

Publication number: WO2017063176A1
Application number: PCT/CN2015/092030
Authority: WO
Inventors: 陈智勇
Original assignee: 友达光电股份有限公司
Priority date: 2015-10-12
Filing date: 2015-10-15
Publication date: 2017-04-20
Also published as: CN105304740A; TWI614910B; TW201714320A

Abstract

A photovoltaic conversion module comprises a back plate (101), a photovoltaic conversion component (108), an isolation structure layer (110), a first packaging material layer (104), and light-transmitting glass (102). The photovoltaic conversion component (108) is disposed on the back plate (101). The isolation structure layer (110) is disposed on the photovoltaic conversion component (108), and comprises a base plate (112) and a first electrical insulation layer (114). The first electrical insulation layer (114) is disposed on the base plate (112). The first packaging material layer (104) is disposed on the isolation structure layer (110). The light-transmitting glass (102) is disposed on the first packaging material layer (104). The photovoltaic conversion module can reduce the power loss of the photovoltaic conversion module.

Description

Photovoltaic conversion module

Technical field

The invention relates to a photovoltaic conversion module.

Background technique

In recent years, as the stock of crude oil around the world has decreased year by year, the energy issue has become the focus of global attention. In order to solve the crisis of energy exhaustion, the development and utilization of various alternative energy sources is a top priority. With the rising awareness of environmental protection, coupled with the zero pollution of solar energy and the inexhaustible advantages of solar energy, solar energy has become the focus of attention in related fields. Therefore, in places where there is sufficient sunshine, such as building roofs, squares, etc., it is becoming more and more common to install solar panels.

In the solar module, it is mainly composed of a plurality of photovoltaic conversion devices, and is fixed by a packaging material. However, the manner in which the packaging material is configured or assembled in the solar module is also related to the power generation efficiency of the solar module. For example, packaging materials can have a negative impact on photovoltaic converters. In this regard, how to reduce the negative impact of packaging materials on photovoltaic converters has become an important issue in related fields.

Invention disclosure

An embodiment of the invention provides a photovoltaic conversion module. The photovoltaic conversion module comprises an isolation structure layer, wherein the isolation structure layer can block the metal ion migration path of the transparent glass to the photovoltaic conversion element through the insulating layer therein to prevent the photovoltaic conversion element from being generated by the migration of sodium ions (Na ⁺ ) to the surface thereof. The carrier (electron-hole pair) composite phenomenon, which in turn reduces the power loss of the photovoltaic converter module.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic conversion module including a back sheet, a photovoltaic conversion element, an isolation structure layer, a first encapsulation material layer, and a light transmissive glass. The photovoltaic conversion element is disposed on the backboard. The isolation structure layer is disposed on the photovoltaic conversion element and includes a substrate and a first electrically insulating layer. The first electrically insulating layer is disposed on the substrate. The first encapsulating material layer is disposed on the isolation structure layer. The light transmissive glass is disposed on the first encapsulating material layer.

In some embodiments, the isolation structure layer further comprises a first buffer layer. The first buffer layer is disposed between the substrate and the first electrically insulating layer, wherein a lattice constant of the first buffer layer is between a lattice constant of the substrate and a lattice constant of the first electrically insulating layer.

In some embodiments, the refractive index of the first buffer layer is between the refractive index of the substrate and the refractive index of the first electrically insulating layer.

In some embodiments, the first electrically insulating layer has a refractive index of N1, the first buffer layer has a refractive index of N2, the substrate has a refractive index of N3, and N1>N2>N3.

In some embodiments, the photovoltaic conversion module further includes a second encapsulation material layer and a third encapsulation material layer. The second encapsulating material layer is disposed between the backing plate and the photovoltaic conversion element. The third encapsulating material layer is disposed between the photovoltaic conversion element and the isolation structure layer, wherein the photovoltaic conversion element is coated between the second encapsulation material layer and the third encapsulation material layer.

In some embodiments, the isolation structure layer further includes a first buffer layer, a second electrical insulation layer, and a second buffer layer. The first buffer layer is disposed between the substrate and the first electrically insulating layer, wherein a lattice constant of the first buffer layer is between a lattice constant of the substrate and a lattice constant of the first electrically insulating layer. The second electrically insulating layer is disposed on a side of the substrate opposite to the first electrically insulating layer. The second buffer layer is disposed between the substrate and the second electrically insulating layer, wherein a lattice constant of the second buffer layer is between the lattice constant of the substrate and a lattice constant of the second electrically insulating layer.

In some embodiments, the material of the first electrically insulating layer comprises a ceramic, an oxide, or a combination thereof, wherein the oxide comprises magnesium aluminum oxide (MgAl ₂ O ₄ ).

An embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic conversion module including a back sheet, a photovoltaic conversion element, an isolation structure layer, a first encapsulation material layer, and a light transmissive glass. The photovoltaic conversion element is disposed on the backboard. The isolation structure layer is disposed on the photovoltaic conversion element and includes a substrate, a first electrically insulating layer and a first buffer layer. The first electrically insulating layer is disposed on the substrate. The first buffer layer is disposed between the substrate and the first electrically insulating layer, wherein a lattice constant of the first buffer layer is between a lattice constant of the substrate and a lattice constant of the first electrically insulating layer. The first encapsulating material layer is disposed on the isolation structure layer. The light transmissive glass is disposed on the first encapsulating material layer.

In some embodiments, the isolation structure layer further comprises:

a second electrically insulating layer disposed on a side of the substrate opposite the first electrically insulating layer;

a second buffer layer is disposed between the substrate and the second electrically insulating layer, wherein a lattice constant of the second buffer layer is between a lattice constant of the substrate and a lattice constant of the second electrically insulating layer between.

The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but not limited.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic conversion module according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 1B is an enlarged schematic view of a region A of FIG. 1A.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a photovoltaic conversion module according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a photovoltaic conversion module according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

Among them, the reference number:

100, 200, 300 PV conversion module

101 backplane

102 light-transmissive glass

104 first encapsulating material layer

106 second encapsulating material layer

107 third encapsulating material layer

108 photovoltaic converter components

109 welding tape

110 isolation structure

112 substrate

114 first electrical insulation layer

116 first buffer layer

118 second electrical insulation layer

120 second buffer layer

122 positive ions

124 negative ions

A area

L dotted line

The best way to implement the invention

In the following, various embodiments of the invention are disclosed in the drawings. However, it should be understood that these practical details are not applied. To limit the invention. That is, in some embodiments of the invention, these practical details are not necessary. In addition, some of the conventional structures and components of the prior art are illustrated in a simplified schematic manner in the drawings.

In view of the fact that the packaging material may adversely affect the photovoltaic conversion component, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic conversion module including an isolation structure layer, wherein the isolation structure layer can block the self-transmissive glass to the photovoltaic conversion element through the insulating layer therein The metal ion migration path prevents the photoconductor (electron-hole pair) composite phenomenon of the photovoltaic conversion element due to the migration of sodium ions (Na ⁺ ) to its surface, thereby reducing the power loss of the photovoltaic conversion module.

Please refer to FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B. FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic conversion module 100 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1B is an enlarged schematic view of a region A of FIG. 1A. The photovoltaic conversion module 100 includes a backing plate 101, a photovoltaic conversion element 108, a solder ribbon 109, an isolation structure layer 110, a first encapsulation material layer 104, a second encapsulation material layer 106, a third encapsulation material layer 107, and a light transmissive glass 102, wherein The photovoltaic conversion element 108 can be a solar cell, a solar power plant, or other device that converts light energy into electrical energy. In addition, for convenience of description, FIG. 1A shows a broken line L between the second encapsulating material layer 106 and the third encapsulating material layer 107.

The photovoltaic conversion elements 108 are disposed on the backplane and electrically coupled to each other. Solder strips 109 are disposed between adjacent photovoltaic conversion elements 108 to connect the plurality of photovoltaic conversion elements 108 in series. The isolation structure layer 110 is disposed over the photovoltaic conversion element 108 and includes a substrate 112 and a first electrically insulating layer 114. The first electrically insulating layer 114 has electrical insulating properties and is disposed on the substrate 112. The first encapsulation material layer 104 is disposed on the isolation structure layer 110. The light transmissive glass 102 is disposed on the first encapsulating material layer 104. In addition, the second encapsulating material layer 106 is disposed between the back plate 101 and the photovoltaic conversion element 108. The third encapsulating material layer 107 is disposed between the photovoltaic conversion element 108 and the isolation structure layer 110, wherein the photovoltaic conversion element 108 is coated between the second encapsulation material layer 106 and the third encapsulation material layer 107, that is, coated At the location of the dashed line L, the photovoltaic conversion element 108 is secured within the photovoltaic conversion module 100. The material of the first encapsulating material layer 104, the second encapsulating material layer 106 and the third encapsulating material layer 107 may be composed of ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) or ethylene vinyl acetate.

In this configuration, the isolation structure layer 110 can block or reduce the positive ion migration path between the first encapsulation material layer 104 and the photovoltaic conversion element 108, such as blocking sodium ions, by the electrical insulation properties of the first electrically insulating layer 114 ( The migration path of Na ⁺ ) is to prevent or reduce the phenomenon of carrier recombination of the photovoltaic conversion element 108 due to sodium ions (Na ⁺ ) migrating from the light-transmissive glass 102 to the surface via the first encapsulating material layer 104. For example, as shown in FIG. 1B, when moisture enters the first encapsulating material layer 104, the first encapsulating material layer 104 generates negative ions 124 due to the hydrolysis reaction (eg, the EVA material in the first encapsulating material layer 104). The negatively charged acetate ion group is generated by the hydrolysis reaction, and the negative ions 124 generated by the hydrolysis cause the light-transmitting glass 102 composed of glass to have the possibility of precipitation of the positive ions 122 (for example, the glass material in the light-transmitting glass 102 will Positively charged sodium ions are precipitated due to acetate ion groups). Next, the positive ions 122 are attracted by the negative ions 124, causing the positive ions 122 to travel in the direction of the photovoltaic conversion element 108. Since the isolation structure layer 110 is located between the first encapsulation material layer 104 and the photovoltaic conversion element 108, the isolation structure layer 110 can block the positive ions 122 from traveling to the photovoltaic conversion element 108 to prevent the photovoltaic conversion element 108 from traveling to the positive ions 122. The surface thereof generates a carrier (electron-hole pair) composite phenomenon, whereby the power loss of the photovoltaic conversion module 100 can be effectively reduced. In other words, by the electrical insulating property of the first electrically insulating layer 114, the isolation structure layer 110 can provide an inhibitory effect on the migration of metal ions to effectively prevent the carrier recombination phenomenon of the photovoltaic conversion element 108 due to the migration of sodium ions to the surface thereof. The power loss of the photovoltaic conversion module 100 can be effectively reduced.

In this embodiment, the first electrically insulating layer 114 can be formed on the substrate 112 by means of physical vapor deposition (PVD), such as sputtering deposition, wherein the material of the first electrically insulating layer 114 It can be inorganic. Further, the material of the first electrically insulating layer 114 may be/contain a ceramic, an oxide or a combination thereof, wherein the oxide may be/contain a highly stable oxide material, such as magnesium aluminum oxide (MgAl ₂ O _{4 )} ). The material of the substrate 112 may be ethylene tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE). Moreover, in some embodiments, the refractive index of the first electrically insulating layer 114 is greater than the refractive index of the substrate 112. For example, when the material of the first electrically insulating layer 114 is magnesium aluminum oxide, the refractive index of the first electrically insulating layer 114 is 1.71, and when the material of the substrate 112 is ETFE, the refractive index of the substrate 112 is 1.59.

In addition, in the embodiment, the substrate 112 in the isolation structure layer 110 faces the back plate 101 , and the first electrically insulating layer 114 in the isolation structure layer 110 faces the light transmissive glass 102 . However, it should be understood that the orientation of the substrate 112 and the first electrically insulating layer 114 in the isolation structure layer 110 depicted in FIG. 1A is merely illustrative, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and may be The orientation of the substrate 112 and the first electrically insulating layer 114 is elastically selected according to actual needs. For example, in other embodiments, the substrate 112 in the isolation structure layer 110 may face the light transmissive glass 102, and the first electrically insulating layer 114 in the isolation structure layer 110 faces the back plate 101.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a photovoltaic conversion module 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. This implementation The difference between the mode and the first embodiment is that the isolation structure layer 110 of the present embodiment further includes the first buffer layer 116. The first buffer layer 116 is disposed between the substrate 112 and the first electrically insulating layer 114, wherein a lattice constant of the first buffer layer 116 is between the lattice constant of the substrate 112 and the lattice constant of the first electrically insulating layer 114. . Similarly, the first buffer layer 116 can be formed on the substrate 112 by physical vapor deposition, and then the first electrically insulating layer 114 is formed on the first buffer layer 116. Further, the material of the first buffer layer 116 may be, for example, boron nitride (BN).

In this configuration, since the lattice constant of the first buffer layer 116 is between the lattice constant of the substrate 112 and the lattice constant of the first electrically insulating layer 114, the formed first electrically insulating layer 114 is caused by The lattice matching relationship has a better quality. For example, the first electrically insulating layer 114 formed may have better compactness and adhesion. Moreover, due to the lattice matching relationship, the stress existing in the first electrically insulating layer 114 can be effectively reduced, thereby reducing the possibility of defects of the first electrically insulating layer 114, so that the manufacturing yield of the isolation structure layer 110 is improved. .

Further, in the present embodiment, the refractive index of the first buffer layer 116 is between the refractive index of the substrate 112 and the refractive index of the first electrically insulating layer 114. Further, the refractive index of the first electrically insulating layer 114 is N1, the refractive index of the first buffer layer 116 is N2, the refractive index of the substrate 112 is N3, and N1>N2>N3. In other words, the first buffer layer 116 provides a gain effect on optical matching in addition to providing a buffering effect on lattice matching. For example, when the material of the first electrically insulating layer 114 is magnesium aluminum oxide, the refractive index of the first electrically insulating layer 114 is 1.71, and when the material of the first buffer layer 116 is boron nitride, the first buffer layer 116 The refractive index of the substrate 112 is 1.65. When the material of the substrate 112 is ETFE, the refractive index of the substrate 112 is 1.59.

That is, since the refractive index of the first buffer layer 116 is between the refractive index of the substrate 112 and the refractive index of the first electrically insulating layer 114, and the refractive index difference between the first buffer layer 116 and the first electrically insulating layer 114 The difference between the refractive index of the first buffer layer 116 and the substrate 112 is smaller than the refractive index difference between the substrate 112 and the first electrically insulating layer 114. Therefore, from the outside of the photovoltaic conversion module 200 to the photovoltaic conversion element 108 through the transparent glass 102 The incident light can reduce the likelihood of reflections that occur in the isolation structure layer 110.

In other words, in the case where the isolation structure layer 110 is disposed in the photovoltaic conversion module 200, by the configuration that the refractive index of the first buffer layer 116 is between the refractive index of the substrate 112 and the refractive index of the first electrically insulating layer 114, Light incident from the outside of the photovoltaic conversion module 200 through the light transmissive glass 102 toward the photovoltaic conversion element 108 can still effectively pass through the isolation structure layer 110 and into the photovoltaic conversion element 108.

3 is a cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic conversion module 300 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. This implementation The difference from the first embodiment is that the isolation structure layer 110 of the present embodiment further includes the second electrically insulating layer 118 and the second buffer layer 120. The second electrically insulating layer 118 is disposed on a side of the substrate 112 opposite to the first electrically insulating layer 114 and has electrical insulating properties. The second buffer layer 120 is disposed between the substrate 112 and the second electrically insulating layer 118, wherein the lattice constant of the second buffer layer 120 is between the lattice constant of the substrate 112 and the lattice constant of the second electrically insulating layer 118. . Further, the first electrically insulating layer 114 and the second electrically insulating layer 118 may be formed by the same process, and they may also be composed of the same material. Likewise, the first buffer layer 116 and the second buffer layer 120 may be formed by the same process, and they may also be composed of the same material.

In the embodiment, in the isolation structure layer 110, the first electrically insulating layer 114 and the second electrically insulating layer 118 are respectively disposed on opposite sides of the substrate 112. Therefore, the effect of the barrier structure for protecting the metal ions provided by the isolation structure layer 110 is further enhanced, so that the isolation structure layer 110 can provide better suppression of metal ion migration to more effectively prevent the photovoltaic conversion element 108 from being sodium ions (Na+). The carrier recombination phenomenon caused by migration to its surface, and therefore, the power loss of the photovoltaic conversion module 300 can be effectively reduced.

For example, according to the specification of IEC62804, in the test of potential induced power attenuation (PID), the power loss of the photovoltaic conversion module is greater than 30% and is classified into C in the case where the photovoltaic conversion module is not provided with an isolation structure layer. Level (C class). In the case where the photovoltaic conversion module is provided with an isolation structure layer, the power conversion of the photovoltaic conversion module is less than 5%, and can be classified into the A class.

In summary, the photovoltaic conversion module of the present invention comprises an isolation structure layer, wherein the isolation structure layer can block the metal ion migration path from the transparent glass to the photovoltaic conversion element through the insulating layer therein to prevent the photoelectric conversion element from being affected by sodium ions ( Na+) migration phenomenon to the surface caused by the carrier complex phenomenon, thereby reducing the power loss of the photovoltaic conversion module. Furthermore, the isolation structure layer may further comprise a buffer layer. In addition to making the lattice constant between the layers in the isolation structure layer closer, the buffer layer also provides an optical matching effect of the isolation structure layer, so that the photovoltaic conversion module passes through the outside of the photovoltaic conversion module when the isolation structure layer is disposed. The light incident on the photovoltaic conversion element of the light transmissive glass can still effectively pass through the isolation structure layer and enter the photovoltaic conversion element.

The invention may, of course, be embodied in a variety of other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims.

Industrial applicability

The invention provides a photovoltaic conversion module comprising a back plate, a photovoltaic conversion element, an isolation structure layer, a first encapsulation material layer and a light transmissive glass. The photovoltaic conversion element is disposed on the backboard. The isolation structure layer is disposed on the photovoltaic conversion element and includes a substrate and a first electrically insulating layer. The first electrically insulating layer is disposed on the substrate. The first encapsulating material layer is disposed on the isolation structure layer. The light transmissive glass is disposed on the first encapsulating material layer. The isolation structure layer can block the metal ion migration path of the transparent glass to the photovoltaic conversion element through the insulating layer therein to prevent the carrier (electron-hole pair) composite phenomenon of the photovoltaic conversion element due to the migration of sodium ions to the surface thereof. In turn, the power loss of the photovoltaic conversion module is reduced.

Claims

A photovoltaic conversion module, comprising:

a backboard

At least one photovoltaic conversion element disposed on the backplane;

An isolation structure layer disposed on the photovoltaic conversion element and comprising:

a substrate;

a first electrically insulating layer disposed on the substrate;

a first encapsulating material layer disposed on the isolation structure layer;

A light transmissive glass is disposed on the first encapsulating material layer.
The photovoltaic conversion module according to claim 1, wherein the isolation structure layer further comprises a first buffer layer disposed between the substrate and the first electrically insulating layer, wherein a lattice of the first buffer layer The constant is between the lattice constant of the substrate and the lattice constant of the first electrically insulating layer.
The photovoltaic conversion module according to claim 2, wherein the first buffer layer has a refractive index between a refractive index of the substrate and a refractive index of the first electrically insulating layer.
The photovoltaic conversion module according to claim 3, wherein the first electrically insulating layer has a refractive index of N1, the first buffer layer has a refractive index of N2, the substrate has a refractive index of N3, and N1>N2 >N3.
The photovoltaic conversion module according to claim 1, further comprising:

a second encapsulating material layer disposed between the backplane and the photovoltaic conversion element;

A third encapsulating material layer is disposed between the photovoltaic conversion element and the isolation structure layer, wherein the photovoltaic conversion element is coated between the second encapsulation material layer and the third encapsulation material layer.
The photovoltaic conversion module according to claim 1, wherein the isolation structure layer further comprises:

a first buffer layer disposed between the substrate and the first electrically insulating layer, wherein a lattice constant of the first buffer layer is between a lattice constant of the substrate and a lattice constant of the first electrically insulating layer between;

a second electrically insulating layer disposed on a side of the substrate opposite the first electrically insulating layer;

a second buffer layer is disposed between the substrate and the second electrically insulating layer, wherein a lattice constant of the second buffer layer is between a lattice constant of the substrate and a lattice constant of the second electrically insulating layer between.
The photovoltaic converter module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the material of the first electrically insulating layer is magnesium aluminum oxide.
A photovoltaic conversion module, comprising:

a backboard

At least one photovoltaic conversion element disposed on the backplane;

An isolation structure layer disposed on the photovoltaic conversion element and comprising:

a substrate;

a first electrically insulating layer disposed on the substrate;

a first buffer layer disposed between the substrate and the first electrically insulating layer, wherein a lattice constant of the first buffer layer is between a lattice constant of the substrate and a lattice constant of the first electrically insulating layer between;

a first encapsulating material layer disposed on the isolation structure layer;

A light transmissive glass is disposed on the first encapsulating material layer.
The photovoltaic conversion module according to claim 8, wherein the first electrically insulating layer has a refractive index of N1, the first buffer layer has a refractive index of N2, the substrate has a refractive index of N3, and N1>N2 >N3.
The photovoltaic conversion module according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the isolation structure layer further comprises:

a second electrically insulating layer disposed on a side of the substrate opposite the first electrically insulating layer;

a second buffer layer is disposed between the substrate and the second electrically insulating layer, wherein a lattice constant of the second buffer layer is between a lattice constant of the substrate and a lattice constant of the second electrically insulating layer between.