WO2017059655A1 - 一种检测互感器拖尾量的方法 - Google Patents

一种检测互感器拖尾量的方法 Download PDF

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WO2017059655A1
WO2017059655A1 PCT/CN2016/075774 CN2016075774W WO2017059655A1 WO 2017059655 A1 WO2017059655 A1 WO 2017059655A1 CN 2016075774 W CN2016075774 W CN 2016075774W WO 2017059655 A1 WO2017059655 A1 WO 2017059655A1
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current
value
sampling
monotonicity
amount
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PCT/CN2016/075774
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French (fr)
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刘东超
刘奎
赵青春
朱晓彤
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南京南瑞继保电气有限公司
南京南瑞继保工程技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2017059655A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017059655A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R35/00—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass
    • G01R35/02—Testing or calibrating of apparatus covered by the other groups of this subclass of auxiliary devices, e.g. of instrument transformers according to prescribed transformation ratio, phase angle, or wattage rating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/22—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of power grids, and in particular to a method for detecting the amount of tailing of a transformer.
  • the relay outlet trips after the relay protection detects the fault, and the circuit breaker opens and cuts off the fault electrical first part.
  • Theoretical and actual on-site recording shows that after the circuit breaker is disconnected, the electromagnetic current transformer may have current tailing phenomenon, that is, after the primary device is disconnected, the secondary winding of the current transformer still has attenuated non-periodic current components.
  • the cause of the current tailing phenomenon is that when the primary side circuit breaker is disconnected, the secondary winding current of the current transformer is not zero at this time, and the secondary load of the excitation winding, the secondary winding and the transformer forms a loop. Releases the energy stored in the inductance of the current loop when the circuit breaker is open.
  • the capacitance in the integrating circuit stores energy, and this energy is also discharged along its integral loop, forming a trailing amount.
  • Method 1 is The composite voltage blocking criterion, the shortcoming of this method is that the sensitivity of the recompression is insufficient to cause the rejection.
  • Method 2 is a differential full-cycle algorithm. The shortcoming of this method is that the tail current cannot be completely filtered out, and there is a risk of malfunction.
  • Method 3 is zero-crossing detection. The shortcoming of this method is that the fault current may be completely biased to the side of the coordinate axis within 1 to 2 cycles after the fault, which may cause malfunction or slow operation.
  • Chinese Patent Publication No. CN201410281034.2 published on November 5, 2014, the name of the invention is a method for preventing the influence of current transformer tail current on the failure protection of the circuit breaker.
  • the patent discloses a method for preventing current transformer dragging.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an efficient and reliable method for detecting the amount of tailing, ensuring that the amount of tailing can be accurately identified, thereby improving the reliability of protection.
  • the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution: a method for detecting a tail amount of a transformer, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
  • the sampling current is judged to be a trailing amount.
  • the method for detecting the monotonicity of the sampled value is: calculating a difference between the current sampling point and the first N sampling point, and if the difference is greater than zero, the current sampling point is a monotonically increasing characteristic; otherwise, if the difference is less than zero, the current sampling is performed.
  • the point is the monotonic reduction characteristic, 1 ⁇ N ⁇ the number of weekly wave sampling points.
  • sampling point monotonically increasing characteristic continuously exceeds the time constant value, and the sampling current is the tailing amount
  • sampling point monotonic decreasing characteristic continuously exceeds the time constant value, and the sampling current is the trailing amount
  • time setting is greater than 10 ms.
  • the time setting is greater than 1/2*fsmin, where fsmin is the minimum frequency that the system may appear.
  • the method for detecting the monotonicity of the sampled value is: calculating a difference between the current sampling point and the front N sampling point, and the difference calculation result is greater than the first fixed value, the detection current is a monotonically increasing characteristic; the difference calculation result is smaller than the first When the value is fixed, the detection current is a monotonic reduction characteristic.
  • the first fixed value and the second fixed value are determined according to the sampling resolution and the protection setting value of the matching relationship.
  • the sampling current is determined to be a trailing amount when the time constant is exceeded.
  • the selection of the third fixed value and the fourth fixed value may be selected according to the small transformer characteristics of the detecting device.
  • the method for detecting the monotonicity of the sampled value of the method for detecting the tail amount of the transformer is: calculating the difference between the current sampling point and the previous sampling point, and if the difference is greater than zero, it is considered to be the monotonically increasing characteristic of the current sampling point. Conversely, if the difference is less than zero, it is considered to be the monotonic reduction characteristic of the current sampling point.
  • the method of judging the tailing amount is as follows: the monotonous increasing characteristic of the sampling point is longer than the time setting value, and the tailing amount is determined, and the monotonic decreasing characteristic of the sampling point is longer than the time setting value, and the tailing is determined as the trailing amount. the amount.
  • the method for detecting the monotonicity of the sampled value may also be: the difference value calculation may adopt the sample value of the current point and the first N point, and 1 ⁇ N ⁇ the number of weekly wave sample points.
  • the method for detecting the monotonicity of the sampled value may also be: if the difference calculation result is greater than a certain value of 1, it is considered to be monotonically increasing; if the difference calculation result is less than a certain value of 2, it is considered to be monotonically reduced.
  • the fixed value 1 and the fixed value 2 are determined according to the sampling resolution of the device, the protection setting value with the matching relationship, and the like.
  • the time setting is generally selected to be greater than 10ms. If applied to systems with large system frequency (fs) fluctuations or 60 Hz, the time setting is greater than 1/(2*fsmin), where fsmin is the minimum frequency that the system may appear.
  • the method of determining the amount of tailing may also be: when the sampled value is less than a certain value of 3 and the monotonically increasing characteristic, or the sampled value is greater than a certain value of 4 and is a monotonous decreasing characteristic, and the time value is determined to be a trailing amount.
  • the selection of fixed value 3 and fixed value 4 can be selected according to the characteristics of the small transformer of the device.
  • the invention relates to an electromagnetic transformer or an electronic transformer with an integral loop. After the primary switch is disconnected, the energy is discharged along the secondary loop due to energy in the secondary loop or energy in the integral loop. , forming a tailing amount.
  • This amount of tailing, especially the tailing current has a severe effect on the protection, which may cause the tripping pulse of the main protection to be extended, which may result in malfunction of the failure protection.
  • the invention can quickly detect the tailing amount by the monotonous characteristic of the trailing amount, can improve the return speed of the protection trip command, and can improve the reliability of the failure protection.
  • the present invention recognizes the monotonic characteristics of the trailing amount, and is not affected by the amount of fault, and can quickly and accurately identify the amount of trailing. After identifying the current tailing amount, the trip command can be quickly recovered, and the current criterion of the failure protection can be quickly returned, thereby improving the reliability of the protection.
  • Figure 1 is a logic diagram for determining the tail current
  • the method for detecting the amount of tailing of a transformer includes the following steps:
  • the method for detecting the monotonicity of the sampled value is: calculating the difference between the current sampling point and the previous sampling point, and if the difference is greater than zero, it is considered to be a monotonically increasing characteristic of the current sampling point. Conversely, if the difference is less than zero, it is considered to be the monotonic reduction characteristic of the current sampling point.
  • the method of judging the tailing amount is as follows: the monotonous increasing characteristic of the sampling point is longer than the time setting value, and the tailing amount is determined, and the monotonic decreasing characteristic of the sampling point is longer than the time setting value, and is determined as the trailing amount.
  • the method of detecting the monotonicity of the sampled value may also be: the difference value calculation may adopt the sample value of the current point and the first N point (1 ⁇ N ⁇ weekly wave sample points).
  • the method for detecting the monotonicity of the sampled value may also be: if the difference calculation result is greater than a certain value of 1, it is considered to be monotonically increasing; if the difference calculation result is less than a certain value of 2, it is considered to be monotonically reduced.
  • the fixed value 1 and the fixed value 2 are determined according to the sampling resolution of the device, the protection setting value with the matching relationship, and the like.
  • the time setting is generally selected to be greater than 10ms. If applied to systems with large system frequency (fs) fluctuations or 60 Hz, the time setting is greater than 1/(2*fsmin), where fsmin is the minimum frequency that the system may appear.
  • the method of determining the amount of tailing may also be: when the sampled value is less than a certain value of 3 and the monotonically increasing characteristic, or the sampled value is greater than a certain value of 4 and is a monotonous decreasing characteristic, and the time value is determined to be a trailing amount.
  • the selection of fixed value 3 and fixed value 4 can be selected according to the characteristics of the small transformer of the device.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Protection Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种检测互感器拖尾量的方法，(1)检测采样值的单调性；(2)如果采样值为单调增特性或是单调减特性，且超过时间定值则判断采样电流为拖尾量。检测采样值的单调性的方法为：计算当前采样点和前N采样点的差值，如果差值大于零则当前采样点为单调增特性；反之，如果差值小于零则当前采样点为单调减特性，1＜N＜每周波采样点数。采样点单调增特性持续大于时间定值则采样电流为拖尾量，采样点单调减特性持续大于时间定值则采样电流为拖尾量。所述方法通过拖尾量的单调性特征，能够迅速检测出拖尾量，可以提高保护跳闸命令的返回速度，可以提高失灵保护的可靠性。

Description

一种检测互感器拖尾量的方法 技术领域
本发明涉及电网技术领域，特别是涉及一种检测互感器拖尾量的方法。
背景技术
当电力系统发生故障时，继电保护检测到故障后动作出口跳闸，断路器断开切除故障电气一次部分。理论和实际现场录波表明，在断路器断开后，电磁型电流互感器可能存在电流拖尾现象，即一次设备断开后，电流互感器副边绕组仍然存在衰减的非周期等电流分量。电流拖尾现象的成因是由于一次侧断路器断开时，电流互感器的副边绕组电流此时并不为零，此时励磁绕组、副边绕组和互感器所带二次负荷形成回路并释放断路器断开时储存在电流回路电感中的能量。
对于带有积分回路的电子式互感器来说，当一次设备断开后，积分电路中的电容有存储能量，此时此能量也会沿着其积分回路放电，形成拖尾量。
这种拖尾量，尤其是电流互感器的拖尾电流，对保护有着重要的影响。对于主保护来说，一般保护的跳闸脉冲是判断开关断开后才会收回，而拖尾电流的出现，使得保护可能认为开关仍然有电流，而延时收回跳闸脉冲。对于失灵保护来说，拖尾电流的存在，使得保护可能判断为开关没有跳开而误启动失灵。
所以保护需要快速的识别出这种拖尾电流，降低保护误动的风险。
《广东电力》2012年7期的文章“电流互感器拖尾电流对断路器失灵保护的影响”分析了拖尾电流产生的原因，并提出了通过软件 滤波算法滤除电流中的直流分量的方法。此方法的不足是，软件滤波只能滤除直流分量，而拖尾电流是一个衰减的直流分量，不能完全消除，在极端情况下，如拖尾电流非常大，而失灵定值又此较低，此时仍可能导致失灵误动。
《河南科技》2014年9期的文章“电流互感器拖尾对断路器失灵保护影响的仿真研究”分析了拖尾电流产生的原因，并对三种算法的优缺点进行了分析，方法1为复合电压闭锁判据，此方法的不足之处在于，复压的灵敏度不够可能导致拒动。方法2为差分全周算法，此方法的不足之处在于，不能完全滤除拖尾电流，能存在误动的风险。方法3为过零点检测，此方法的不足之处在于，系统中可能出现故障电流在故障后1～2个周波内完全偏向坐标轴一侧的情况，可能造成失灵拒动或是动作很慢。
中国专利公开号CN201410281034.2，公开日2014年11月5日，发明的名称为一种防止电流互感器拖尾电流对断路器失灵保护影响的方法，该专利公开了一种防止电流互感器拖尾电流对断路器失灵保护影响的方法，其中权利要求1中的电流互感器拖尾电流判断包括采样值过零判断和电流减小判断，不足之处是，系统中可能出现故障电流在故障后1～2个周波内完全偏向坐标轴一侧的情况，过零点判断可能造成失灵拒动或是动作很慢。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种高效可靠的检测拖尾量的方法，确保能够准确的识别出拖尾量，进而提高保护的可靠性。
为了实现上述目的，本发明是通过以下的技术方案实现的：检测互感器拖尾量的方法，其特征在于包含以下步骤：
(1)检测采样值的单调性；
(2)如果采样值为单调增特性或是单调减特性，且超过时间定值则判断采样电流为拖尾量。
进一步的，检测采样值的单调性的方法为：计算当前采样点和前N采样点的差值，如果差值大于零则当前采样点为单调增特性；反之，如果差值小于零则当前采样点为单调减特性，1＜N＜每周波采样点数。
进一步的，采样点单调增特性持续大于时间定值则采样电流为拖尾量，采样点单调减特性持续大于时间定值则采样电流为拖尾量。
进一步的，时间定值大于10ms。
进一步的，当应用于系统频率fs波动较大或60Hz的系统，则时间定值要大于1/2*fsmin，其中fsmin为系统可能出现的最小频率。
进一步的，检测采样值的单调性的方法为：计算当前采样点和前N采样点的差值，差值计算结果大于第一定值，则检测电流为单调增特性；差值计算结果小于第二定值，则检测电流为单调减特性。
进一步的，第一定值和第二定值根据采样分辨率、有配合关系的保护定值确定。
进一步的，当采样值小于第三定值且为单调增特性或采样值大于第四定值4且为单调减特性，超过时间定值则判采样电流为拖尾量。
进一步的，第三定值和第四定值的选取可根据检测装置的小互感器特性选取。
本检测互感器拖尾量的方法的检测采样值的单调性的方法为：计算当前采样点和前一采样点的差值，如果差值大于零则认为是当前采样点单调增特性。反之，如果差值小于零则认为是当前采样点单调减特性。
判断为拖尾量的方法为：采样点单调增特性持续大于时间定值则认定为拖尾量，采样点单调减特性持续大于时间定值则认定为拖尾 量。
检测采样值的单调性的方法还可以为：差值计算可以采用当前点和前N点的采样值，1＜N＜每周波采样点数。
检测采样值的单调性的方法还可以为：差值计算结果大于某一定值1，则认为单调增；差值计算结果小于某一定值2，则认为单调减。定值1和定值2根据装置的采样分辨率、有配合关系的保护定值等参数确定。
时间定值的选取原则：时间定值一般选取大于10ms。如果应用于系统频率(fs)波动较大或60Hz的系统，则时间定值要大于1/(2*fsmin)，其中fsmin为系统可能出现的最小频率。
判断为拖尾量的方法还可以为：当采样值小于某一定值3且单调增特性，或采样值大于某一定值4且为单调减特性，超过时间定值则判断为拖尾量。定值3和定值4的选取可根据装置的小互感器特性选取。
本发明对于电磁型互感器或是带有积分回路的电子式互感器，在一次开关断开后，由于二次回路里有能量或是积分回路里有能量，此能量会沿着二次回路放电，形成拖尾量。这种拖尾量，尤其是拖尾电流对保护有严重的影响，可能会导致主保护的跳闸脉冲延长，可能会导致失灵保护的误动。本发明通过拖尾量的单调性特征，能够迅速检测出拖尾量，可以提高保护跳闸命令的返回速度，可以提高失灵保护的可靠性。
总之本发明是针对拖尾量的单调特性进行识别，不受故障量的影响，能够快速准确的识别出拖尾量。识别出电流拖尾量后，可以快速收回跳闸命令，可以快速返回失灵保护的电流判据，提高了保护的可靠性。
附图说明
图1为拖尾电流判断逻辑图；
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下根据附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施仅仅用以解释本发明，并不限定本发明。
实施例1
本检测互感器拖尾量的方法，包括以下步骤：
(1)检测采样值的单调性。
(2)如果采样值为单调增或是单调减特性，且超过时间定值则判断为拖尾量。
检测采样值的单调性的方法为：计算当前采样点和前一采样点的差值，如果差值大于零则认为是当前采样点单调增特性。反之，如果差值小于零则认为是当前采样点单调减特性。
判断为拖尾量的方法为：采样点单调增特性持续大于时间定值则认定为拖尾量，采样点单调减特性持续大于时间定值则认定为拖尾量。
检测采样值的单调性的方法还可以为：差值计算可以采用当前点和前N点的采样值(1＜N＜每周波采样点数)。
检测采样值的单调性的方法还可以为：差值计算结果大于某一定值1，则认为单调增；差值计算结果小于某一定值2，则认为单调减。定值1和定值2根据装置的采样分辨率、有配合关系的保护定值等参数确定。
时间定值的选取原则：时间定值一般选取大于10ms。如果应用于系统频率(fs)波动较大或60Hz的系统，则时间定值要大于1/(2*fsmin)，其中fsmin为系统可能出现的最小频率。
判断为拖尾量的方法还可以为：当采样值小于某一定值3且单调增特性，或采样值大于某一定值4且为单调减特性，超过时间定值则判断为拖尾量。定值3和定值4的选取可根据装置的小互感器特性选取。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种检测互感器拖尾量的方法，其特征在于包含以下步骤：
    (1)检测采样值的单调性；
    (2)如果采样值为单调增特性或是单调减特性，且超过时间定值则判断采样电流为拖尾量。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的检测互感器拖尾量的方法，其特征在于：检测采样值的单调性的方法为，计算当前采样点和前N采样点的差值，如果差值大于零则当前采样点为单调增特性；如果差值小于零则当前采样点为单调减特性，1＜N＜每周波采样点数。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的检测互感器拖尾量的方法，其特征在于：采样点单调增特性持续大于时间定值则采样电流为拖尾量，采样点单调减特性持续大于时间定值则采样电流为拖尾量。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的时间定值，其特征在于：时间定值大于10ms。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的时间定值，其特征在于：当应用于系统频率fs波动较大或60Hz的系统，则时间定值要大于1/2*fsmin，其中fsmin为系统可能出现的最小频率。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的判断采样值的单调性，其特征还在于检测采样值的单调性的方法为：计算当前采样点和前N采样点的差值，差值计算结果大于第一定值，则检测电流为单调增特性；差值计算结果小于第二定值，则检测电流为单调减特性。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的判断采样值的单调性，其特征还在于：第一定值和第二定值根据采样分辨率、有配合关系的保护定值确定。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的判断采样值的单调性，其特征还在于：当采样值小于第三定值且为单调增特性或采样值大于第四定值4且为单调减特性，超过时间定值则判采样电流为拖尾量。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的判断采样值的单调性，其特征还在于： 第三定值和第四定值的选取可根据装置的小互感器特性选取。
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