WO2017054308A1 - 液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置 - Google Patents

液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置 Download PDF

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WO2017054308A1
WO2017054308A1 PCT/CN2015/096081 CN2015096081W WO2017054308A1 WO 2017054308 A1 WO2017054308 A1 WO 2017054308A1 CN 2015096081 W CN2015096081 W CN 2015096081W WO 2017054308 A1 WO2017054308 A1 WO 2017054308A1
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combustion
inlet
chamber
flue gas
wall
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PCT/CN2015/096081
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English (en)
French (fr)
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裴韩佶
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裴韩佶
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Publication of WO2017054308A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017054308A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories

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  • the invention relates to a combustible material incineration device, in particular to a combustible material incineration thermal energy utilization device.
  • a combustion flue gas supply device is disclosed in the Chinese patent database, the application number is 201510198787.1; the application date: 2015-04-24; the publication number: 104791769A; the publication date: 2015-07-22;
  • the device includes a furnace body, a furnace a combustion chamber is arranged in the body, a flue gas outlet pipe is arranged on the top of the combustion chamber, a combustion tray is arranged in the combustion chamber, a lower air chamber is arranged on the lower side of the combustion tray, and a plurality of air inlet holes are arranged on the combustion tray to connect the lower air chamber and the combustion chamber a lower inlet fan is connected to the lower air chamber;
  • a vertical feeding device is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, the inlet of the vertical feeding device is connected with the outlet of the horizontal feeding device, and the outlet of the vertical feeding device and the combustion tray are connected to the combustion
  • the side wall of the combustion chamber is composed of an outer wall, a middle wall and an inner wall, and an inner air passage between the inner wall and
  • the material used for combustion is fed into the combustion chamber through a horizontal feeding device and a vertical feeding device.
  • the combustible material is ignited and burned continuously, and a part of the oxygen supporting the combustion enters the flammable portion from the leeward chamber through the air inlet hole.
  • another part is sprayed into the combustion chamber from the inner air duct through the air inlet nozzle.
  • the high temperature flue gas rises and mixes with the cold air from the outer air duct. The flue gas that is not completely burned encounters the outer layer wind.
  • the device can provide high-temperature flue gas to subsequent heat exchangers by incinerating combustibles such as garbage, straw, and coal.
  • the disadvantage is that the vertical feeding device and the horizontal feeding device need to be equipped with two motors and two auger shafts, and the equipment is complicated. When feeding, especially for the block material, the connection position of the horizontal auger and the vertical auger is easily blocked, and the internal wear of the feeding device is large.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a hydraulically fed combustible material incineration heat utilization device, which can be supplied by hydraulic pressure to avoid jamming of the feeding device, and at the same time, ensure reliable use of the device, environmental protection and energy saving.
  • a hydraulically fed combustible incineration heat utilization device comprising a combustion chamber, the top of the combustion chamber is connected to a flue gas passage via a flue gas outlet, and a combustion tray is arranged in the combustion chamber, and the combustion tray is arranged under the combustion tray.
  • a combustion chamber is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes for connecting the lower air chamber and the combustion chamber, and the lower air chamber is connected with a lower inlet fan;
  • a bottom of the combustion chamber is provided with a feeding device; and
  • a lower side of the combustion tray is provided with a slag discharging space, a slag scraping mechanism is arranged in the slag discharging space, and a slagging device is arranged on the lower side of the rotating scraping slag mechanism;
  • the flue gas passage is connected with the high temperature flue gas inlet of the boiler;
  • the feeding device comprises a horizontal pipe and a vertical pipe The upper end of the vertical pipe is open and connected to the lower side of the combustion tray, and the vertical pipe is provided with a conveying auger;
  • the upper side of the horizontal pipe is provided with a feeding hopper, one end of the horizontal pipe is connected to the lower side of the vertical pipe, and the other end of the horizontal pipe is set.
  • the material for combustion enters the horizontal pipe through the feeding hopper, and the oil cylinder drives the pushing piston to reciprocate, and each time the pushing piston moves back and forth, the material falling from the feeding hopper into the horizontal pipe can be vertical.
  • the pipe is propelled once, and the conveying auger cooperates to make the material evenly pushed onto the burning tray.
  • the material is ignited and burned continuously on the burning tray. After combustion, the high-temperature flue gas rises and is discharged through the flue gas outlet. Used by boilers to produce hot water or steam.
  • the supply air of the downwind chamber has a total supply of wind to promote the rapid combustion of the combustible material to achieve one-stage combustion; the combustible gas produced by the combustion realizes the second stage combustion in the middle of the furnace; the incomplete combustion of the flue gas is rising.
  • the third stage the third stage combustion is completed in the upper part of the furnace due to the high temperature in the furnace.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects of: pushing the material from the horizontal pipe to the vertical pipe through the oil cylinder, so that the oil cylinder can be away from the combustion tray, the feeding is reliable, the feeding resistance is small, and the feeding is smoother, Low failure rate and high work efficiency.
  • the device can provide high-temperature flue gas to the boiler by incinerating combustibles such as garbage, straw, coal, etc., and has the technical effect of environmental protection and energy saving.
  • the side wall of the combustion chamber is composed of an outer wall, a middle wall and an inner wall, and an outer air passage that connects the combustion chamber between the outer wall and the middle wall, and a main heat exchange between the inner wall and the inner wall a water chamber
  • the main heat exchange water chamber is connected with a main water inlet and a main water outlet.
  • the main heat exchange water chamber is arranged on the inner side. As the water wall, the hot water or steam can be directly produced. At the same time, the temperature of the side wall of the combustion chamber is lowered, and when the outer air passage enters the wind, the temperature of the side wall of the combustion chamber can be further reduced.
  • the thickness of the insulation layer outside the outer wall can be reduced, and the amount of the insulation material used can be reduced.
  • the outer wall adopts the water-cooled and air-cooled hybrid protection type, which overcomes the problem of using a refractory material and causing a large amount of coking.
  • the flue gas outlet is a reduced-throat throat
  • the auxiliary heat-exchange water chamber is arranged on the outer circumference of the reduced-diameter throat, and the auxiliary water inlet and the auxiliary water outlet are connected to the auxiliary heat-exchange water chamber.
  • the reduced diameter throat has the function of restricting the flow of the flue gas, so that the combustible material is burned out in the combustion chamber as much as possible to reduce the discharge and improve the heat utilization efficiency.
  • the auxiliary heat exchange water chamber can further improve the heat utilization efficiency.
  • the outer air passage is partitioned into an upper air duct and a lower air passage via a partition plate, and the upper air duct is connected to the main air inlet fan disposed on the outer wall, and the lower air duct is connected to the main air inlet fan 2 disposed on the outer wall;
  • a plurality of upper air inlet nozzles that open the combustion chamber, and a plurality of lower air inlet nozzles that are sprayed toward the combustion tray are connected to the lower air passage.
  • the upper air duct and the lower air duct are separated by a partition plate, and different supply air pressures can be provided for the upper air duct and the lower air duct, so that the combustion conditions in the combustion chamber can be adjusted according to the nature of the fuel.
  • the lower end of the lower air duct is provided with a direct combustion combustion nozzle connected to the lower part of the combustion chamber.
  • a direct-fired combustion nozzle is arranged at the bottom of the furnace.
  • the direct injection nozzle directs a large amount of high-temperature combustion air to the surface of the bottom material, increasing the burning speed of the bottom material.
  • the direct nozzle sprays the high-temperature air directly to the material that cannot be contacted by the rotating wind. The central part, so that all materials can be fully burned without dead ends.
  • the further improvement is that the inlet of the main fan 1 is directly connected to the atmosphere, and the inlet of the main fan 2 is divided into two paths, one is connected to the atmosphere through the damper regulating valve, and the other is connected to the flue gas passage through the residual heat recovery pipe.
  • the connected heat exchange device causes burnout.
  • the main fan 2 recovers the waste heat of the boiler, so that the furnace enters the high temperature air, increases the furnace temperature, completely burns the non-burnable waste, improves the combustion efficiency, and saves energy; the damper regulating valve can reasonably adjust the oxygen supply to ensure the supply of air. quality.
  • the upper inlet nozzle and the lower inlet nozzle have a swirling inlet or a tangential inlet.
  • the inlet air of the upper inlet nozzle and the lower inlet nozzle can form a swirling flow, and the high temperature gas is rotated and burned in the furnace to prolong the residence time of the flue gas in the combustion chamber, thereby ensuring complete and complete combustion, and greatly reducing the generation of harmful gases.
  • a preheating water chamber is arranged in the outer wall of the flue gas passage, and the preheating water chamber is connected to the water bag and the steam drum of the boiler through the balance pipe.
  • the preheated water chamber acts to cool the flue gas passage while balancing the pressure of the water pack and the steam drum.
  • burners are provided in the upper and lower portions of the combustion chamber, respectively.
  • the burner can be used as an ignition or as an auxiliary combustion, and depending on the nature of the incineration material, whether or not the corresponding burner auxiliary combustion is enabled can be determined.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a horizontal distribution view of the upper air inlet nozzle of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a horizontal distribution view of the lower air inlet nozzle of Figure 1.
  • 1 row slag device 1 vertical pipe, 3 conveyor auger, 4 down fan, 5 rotary scraping mechanism, 6 downwind chamber, 7 rows of slag space, 8 burners, 9 direct combustion combustion nozzles, 10 down Wind nozzle, 11 observation hole, 12 outer wall, 13 middle wall, 14 inner wall, 15 main inlet fan, 16 auxiliary outlet, 17 auxiliary heat transfer water chamber, 18 flue gas outlet, 19 preheated water chamber, 20 balance tube, 21 flue gas channel, 22 boilers, 23 heat recovery pipes, 24 auxiliary water inlets, 25 main water outlets, 26 burners 2, 27 main heat transfer water chambers, 28 upper air inlet nozzles, 29 upper air ducts, 30 damper control valves, 31 Main inlet fan 2, 32 lower air duct, 33 main inlet, 34 partition, 35 feed hopper, 36 horizontal tube, 37 cylinder, 38 push piston, 39 combustion chamber, 40 combustion tray.
  • a hydraulically-fed combustible incineration heat utilization device includes a combustion chamber 39.
  • the top of the combustion chamber 39 is connected to the flue gas passage 21 via a flue gas outlet 18, and the combustion chamber 39 is provided with a combustion tray.
  • the lower side of the combustion tray 40 is provided with a downwind chamber 6, the combustion tray 40 is provided with a plurality of air inlet holes to connect the lower air chamber 6 and the combustion chamber 39, and the lower air chamber 6 is connected with a lower inlet fan 4; a feeding device; a slag discharging space 7 is arranged on the lower side of the edge of the burning tray 40, a rotating scraping mechanism 5 is arranged in the slag discharging space 7, and a slagging device 1 is arranged on the lower side of the rotating scraping slag mechanism 5; the flue gas passage 21 is The high temperature flue gas inlet of the boiler 22 is connected; the feeding device comprises a horizontal pipe 36 and a vertical pipe 2, the upper end of the vertical pipe 2 is open and connected to the lower side of the combustion tray 40, and the vertical pipe 2 is provided with a conveying auger 3; The upper side of the horizontal pipe 36 is provided with a feeding hopper 35.
  • the horizontal pipe 36 is connected to the lower side of the vertical pipe 2.
  • the other end of the horizontal pipe 36 is provided with an oil cylinder 37.
  • the end of the piston rod of the oil cylinder 37 is connected with a pusher piston 38.
  • the material piston 38 fits into the horizontal tube 36.
  • the outer air passage is partitioned into an upper air duct 29 and a lower air duct 32 via a partition 34, and the upper air duct 29 is connected to the main air inlet fan 15 disposed on the outer wall 12, and the lower air duct 32 is connected to the main air inlet fan 31 disposed on the outer wall 12.
  • the upper air duct 29 is provided with a plurality of upper air inlet nozzles 28 for turning on the combustion chamber 39.
  • the lower air duct 32 is connected with a plurality of lower air inlet nozzles 10 for blowing direction toward the combustion tray 40, and the lower end portion of the lower air duct 32 is provided with a direct combustion combustion nozzle 9 for connection. Go to the lower part of the combustion chamber 39.
  • the inlet of the main fan 1 is directly connected to the atmosphere, and the inlet of the main fan 2 is divided into two paths, one is connected to the atmosphere via the damper regulating valve 30, and the other is connected to the flue gas passage 21 via the residual heat recovery pipe 23.
  • the upper inlet nozzle 28 and the lower inlet nozzle 10 have a swirling inlet or a tangential inlet.
  • the upper portion and the lower portion of the combustion chamber 39 are correspondingly provided with a burner one 8 and a burner two 26.
  • the side wall of the combustion chamber 39 is composed of an outer wall 12, a middle wall 13 and an inner wall 14.
  • the outer wall 12 and the middle wall 13 are connected to the outer air passage of the combustion chamber 39, and the main heat exchange between the middle wall 13 and the inner wall 14 is performed.
  • a main water inlet 33 and a main water outlet 25 are connected to the main heat exchange water chamber 27.
  • An outer layer of insulation is provided on the outer wall 12.
  • An observation hole 11 is also provided on the side wall of the combustion chamber.
  • the flue gas outlet 18 is a reduced diameter throat, and the auxiliary heat exchange water chamber 17 is disposed on the outer circumference of the reduced diameter throat, and the auxiliary water inlet port 24 and the auxiliary water outlet 16 are connected to the auxiliary heat exchange water chamber 17.
  • a preheating chamber 1919 is provided in the outer wall 12 of the flue gas passage 21, and the preheating chamber 1919 is connected to the water bag and the steam drum of the boiler 22 via the balance pipe 20.
  • the material for combustion enters the horizontal pipe 36 through the feed hopper 35.
  • the oil cylinder 37 drives the pusher piston 38 to reciprocate.
  • the pusher piston 38 can reciprocate for one cycle and can fall from the feed hopper 35 into the horizontal pipe.
  • the material in 36 is pushed once in the direction of the vertical pipe 2, and the conveying auger 3 works together, so that the material can be uniformly pushed onto the combustion tray 40 uniformly, and the material is ignited on the combustion tray 40 and then burned continuously, and the high temperature is formed after combustion.
  • the high temperature gas is rotated and burned in the furnace to prolong the residence time of the high temperature flue gas inside the furnace. The complete combustion of the material is achieved, and the generation of harmful gases is greatly reduced.
  • the furnace can enter high temperature air to increase the furnace temperature, recover waste heat, and further burn the non-burnable waste to improve combustion efficiency.
  • the direct combustion combustion nozzle provided at the bottom of the furnace.
  • the direct injection nozzle will directly discharge a large amount of high-temperature combustion air to the surface of the bottom material, increasing the burning speed of the bottom material.
  • the direct injection nozzle directly injects the high-temperature air to the rotating wind. To the center of the material, so that all materials can be fully burned without dead ends.
  • the outdoor wall of the combustion chamber adopts the water-cooled air-cooled hybrid protection type, which overcomes the problem of using a refractory material and causes a large amount of coking.
  • the air distribution design inside the combustion chamber creates an air curtain at the inner wall of the combustion chamber, which better protects the combustion chamber.
  • the wall is protected from high temperature corrosion, which improves the operational stability and service life of the combustion device.

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Abstract

一种液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置，其燃烧室(39)内的燃烧托盘(40)下侧设有下风腔(6)，下风腔(6)上连接有下进风机(4)，燃烧托盘(40)边缘下侧的排渣空间(7)内设有旋转刮渣机构(5)，旋转刮渣机构(5)下侧对应设有排渣装置(1)；烟气通道(21)与锅炉(22)的高温烟气进口相连接；燃烧室(39)底部的供料装置包括水平管(36)和竖直管(2)，竖直管(2)上端开口并连接在燃烧托盘(40)下侧，竖直管(2)内设有输送绞龙(3)；水平管(36)上侧设有进料斗(35)，水平管(36)一端连接在竖直管(2)下侧，另一端设置有油缸(37)，油缸(37)的活塞杆端部连接有推料活塞(38)，推料活塞(38)配合插入水平管(36)内。该装置供料顺畅，可通过焚烧垃圾、秸秆、煤等可燃物提供高温烟气给锅炉，具有环保、节能的技术效果。

Description

液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种可燃物焚烧装置，特别涉及一种可燃物焚烧热能利用装置。
背景技术
中国专利数据库中公开了一种燃烧烟气供应装置，其申请号：201510198787.1；申请日：2015-04-24；公开号：104791769A；公开日：2015-07-22；该装置包括炉体，炉体内设有燃烧室，所述燃烧室顶部设有烟气出口管，燃烧室内设有燃烧托盘，燃烧托盘下侧设有下风腔，燃烧托盘上设有若干进风孔接通下风腔和燃烧室，下风腔上连接有下进风机；炉体底部设有垂直供料装置，所述垂直供料装置的进口与水平供料装置出口相连，垂直供料装置的出口下风腔和燃烧托盘接通燃烧室；所述燃烧室的侧壁由外壁、中壁和内壁构成，内壁和中壁之间的内层风道连接主进风机，所述内壁上设有若干进风喷嘴接通内层风道和燃烧室，外壁与中壁之间的外层风道连接风幕风机，所述风幕风机的进口设置在外层风道的下部，外层风道上端接通燃烧室顶部，与燃烧托盘对应设有排渣装置；其水平供料装置和垂直供料装置均为绞龙装置。
工作时，用于燃烧的物料通过水平供料装置和垂直供料装置向燃烧室内供料，在燃烧室内，可燃物料点燃后可持续燃烧，支持燃烧的氧气一部分从下风腔经进风孔进入可燃物料内部，另一部分从内层风道经进风喷嘴喷入燃烧室，燃烧后形成高温的烟气上升，与外层风道来的冷风混合，未被完全燃烧的烟气遇到外层风道来的空气后继续燃烧，同时与空气进行换热，形成更多的高温烟气，经烟气出口管送到换热装置，以用来生产热水或蒸汽。燃烧后产生的炉渣过多时，会从燃烧托盘边缘溢出，并进一步经排渣装置排出。该装置可通过焚烧垃圾、秸秆、煤等可燃物提供高温烟气给后续的换热器。
其不足之处在于：垂直供料装置和水平供料装置需要设置两个电机和两根绞龙轴，设备复杂。进料时，尤其是对于块状物料，在水平绞龙和垂直绞龙的连接位置，容易被卡阻，同时供料装置的内部磨损较大。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置，使其能通过液压供料，以避免供料装置的卡阻，同时，保证装置的使用可靠，环保、节能。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：一种液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置，包括燃烧室，所述燃烧室顶部经烟气出口连接烟气通道，燃烧室内设有燃烧托盘，燃烧托盘下侧设有下风 腔，燃烧托盘上设有若干进风孔接通下风腔和燃烧室，下风腔上连接有下进风机；燃烧室底部设有供料装置；燃烧托盘边缘下侧设有排渣空间，所述排渣空间内设有旋转刮渣机构，旋转刮渣机构下侧对应设有排渣装置；所述烟气通道与锅炉的高温烟气进口相连接；所述供料装置包括水平管和竖直管，竖直管上端开口并连接在燃烧托盘下侧，竖直管内设有输送绞龙；水平管上侧设有进料斗，水平管一端连接在竖直管下侧，水平管另一端设置有油缸，油缸的活塞杆端部连接有推料活塞，推料活塞配合插入水平管内。
本发明工作时，用于燃烧的物料通过进料斗进入水平管内，油缸带动推料活塞往复运动，推料活塞每往复运动一个周期，可将从进料斗落入水平管内的物料向竖直管方向推进一次，输送绞龙配合工作，可使物料均匀地被逐步推进到燃烧托盘上，物料在燃烧托盘上被点燃后持续燃烧，燃烧后形成高温的烟气上升，经烟气出口排出并被锅炉利用，用来生产热水或蒸汽。燃烧后产生的炉渣过多时，会从燃烧托盘边缘溢出，落入排渣空间，排渣空间内的旋转刮渣装置转动，将炉渣刮入排渣装置并进一步经排渣装置排出。上述过程中，下风腔的供风共底部供风促进可燃物料迅速燃烧，实现一阶段燃烧；燃烧产生的可燃性气体在炉膛中部实现第二阶段的燃烧；未完全燃烧的烟气在上升的过程中，由于炉膛内高温的作用在炉膛上部完成第三阶段燃烧。与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：通过油缸推动物料从水平管向竖直管供料，使得油缸可以远离燃烧托盘，供料可靠，供料阻力小，保证供料更加顺畅、故障率低、工作效率高。该装置可通过焚烧垃圾、秸秆、煤等可燃物提供高温烟气给锅炉，具有环保、节能的技术效果。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述燃烧室的侧壁由外壁、中壁和内壁构成，外壁和中壁之间为接通燃烧室的外层风道，中壁和内壁之间为主换热水腔，所述主换热水腔上连接有主进水口和主出水口。主换热水腔设置在内侧，作为水冷壁，可直接生产热水或蒸汽，同时，降低了燃烧室的侧壁温度，外层风道进风时，可进一步降低燃烧室侧壁的温度，可减小外壁外的保温层的厚度，减少保温材料的使用量。外壁采用水冷、风冷混合型保护型式，克服了使用耐火材料，造成大量结焦的问题。
为进一步达到节能效果，所述烟气出口为缩径喉口，缩径喉口外周设有辅换热水腔，辅换热水腔上连接有辅进水口和辅出水口。缩径喉口具有限制烟气流动的作用，使得可燃物料尽可能在燃烧室内燃烧殆尽，以降低排放，同时提高热利用效率。辅换热水腔可进一步提高热利用效率。
作为本发明的进一步改进，所述外层风道经隔板分隔成上风道和下风道，上风道与外壁上设置的主进风机一相连，下风道与外壁上设置的主进风机二相连；所述上风道上设有 若干接通燃烧室的上进风喷嘴，下风道上连接有若干喷吹方向朝向燃烧托盘的下进风喷嘴。通过隔板隔开上风道和下风道，可向上风道和下风道提供不同的供风压力，使燃烧室内的燃烧工况可根据燃料性质进行调整。
为能进一步促进物料充分燃烧，所述下风道下端设有直射助燃喷嘴连接到燃烧室下部。炉膛底部设置直射助燃喷嘴，一方面，直射喷嘴将大量高温助燃空气直对底部物料表面，增加了底部物料的燃烧速度，另一方面直射喷嘴将高温空气直接喷射到到旋转风无法接触到的物料中心部位，从而实现所有物料无死角的充分燃烧。
其进一步改进在于，所述主风机一的进口直通大气，主风机二的进口分为两路，一路经风门调节阀接通大气，另一路经余热回收管接通所述烟气通道。通过主风机一可引入温度相对较低且含氧量相对高的冷风，一方面保证燃烧更加充分，另一方面起冷却作用，避免过高的烟气温度对后续的烟气通道及烟气通道连接的换热装置造成烧损。通过主风机二回收锅炉废热，使炉膛内进入高温空气，提高炉膛温度，将不易燃烧的废弃物完全燃烧，提高燃烧效率，可节省能源；通过风门调节阀可合理调节供氧量，保证供风质量。
为进一步保证燃烧室内供风良好，所述上进风喷嘴和下进风喷嘴呈涡旋状进风或呈切向进风。上进风喷嘴和下进风喷嘴的进风可形成旋流，高温气体在炉膛内旋转燃烧，延长烟气在燃烧室内的停留时间，保证彻底充分燃烧，大大降低了有害气体的产生。
为减少烟气通道的烧损同时能进一步回收热能，所述烟气通道的外壁内设有预热水腔，预热水腔经平衡管连接锅炉的水包和汽包。预热水腔起冷却烟气通道的作用，同时能平衡水包和汽包的压力。
为进一步保证燃烧良好，所述燃烧室上部和下部分别设有燃烧器。燃烧器可用作点火，也可辅助燃烧，可根据焚烧物料的性质决定是否启用相应的燃烧器辅助燃烧。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
图2为图1中的上进风喷嘴的水平分布图。
图3为图1中的下进风喷嘴的水平分布图。
其中，1排渣装置，2竖直管，3输送绞龙，4下进风机，5旋转刮渣机构，6下风腔，7排渣空间，8燃烧器一，9直射助燃喷嘴，10下进风喷嘴，11观测孔，12外壁，13中壁，14内壁，15主进风机一，16辅出水口，17辅换热水腔，18烟气出口，19预热水腔，20平衡管，21烟气通道，22锅炉，23余热回收管，24辅进水口，25主出水口，26燃烧器二，27主换热水腔，28上进风喷嘴，29上风道，30风门调节阀，31主进风机二，32下风道， 33主进水口，34隔板，35进料斗，36水平管，37油缸，38推料活塞，39燃烧室，40燃烧托盘。
具体实施方式
如图1-3所示，为一种液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置，包括燃烧室39，燃烧室39顶部经烟气出口18连接烟气通道21，燃烧室39内设有燃烧托盘40，燃烧托盘40下侧设有下风腔6，燃烧托盘40上设有若干进风孔接通下风腔6和燃烧室39，下风腔6上连接有下进风机4；燃烧室39底部设有供料装置；燃烧托盘40边缘下侧设有排渣空间7，排渣空间7内设有旋转刮渣机构5，旋转刮渣机构5下侧对应设有排渣装置1；烟气通道21与锅炉22的高温烟气进口相连接；供料装置包括水平管36和竖直管2，竖直管2上端开口并连接在燃烧托盘40下侧，竖直管2内设有输送绞龙3；水平管36上侧设有进料斗35，水平管36一端连接在竖直管2下侧，水平管36另一端设置有油缸37，油缸37的活塞杆端部连接有推料活塞38，推料活塞38配合插入水平管36内。外层风道经隔板34分隔成上风道29和下风道32，上风道29与外壁12上设置的主进风机一15相连，下风道32与外壁12上设置的主进风机二31相连；上风道29上设有若干接通燃烧室39的上进风喷嘴28，下风道32上连接有若干喷吹方向朝向燃烧托盘40的下进风喷嘴10，下风道32下端设有直射助燃喷嘴9连接到燃烧室39下部。主风机一的进口直通大气，主风机二的进口分为两路，一路经风门调节阀30接通大气，另一路经余热回收管23接通烟气通道21。上进风喷嘴28和下进风喷嘴10呈涡旋状进风或呈切向进风。燃烧室39上部和下部对应设有燃烧器一8和燃烧器二26。
燃烧室39的侧壁由外壁12、中壁13和内壁14构成，外壁12和中壁13之间为接通燃烧室39的外层风道，中壁13和内壁14之间为主换热水腔27，主换热水腔27上连接有主进水口33和主出水口25。外壁12外设有保温层。燃烧室的侧壁上还设有观察孔11。
烟气出口18为缩径喉口，缩径喉口外周设有辅换热水腔17，辅换热水腔17上连接有辅进水口24和辅出水口16。烟气通道21的外壁12内设有预热水腔1919，预热水腔1919经平衡管20连接锅炉22的水包和汽包。
工作时，用于燃烧的物料通过进料斗35进入水平管36内，油缸37带动推料活塞38往复运动，推料活塞38每往复运动一个周期，可将从进料斗35落入水平管36内的物料向竖直管2方向推进一次，输送绞龙3配合工作，可使物料均匀地被逐步推进到燃烧托盘40上，物料在燃烧托盘40上被点燃后持续燃烧，燃烧后形成高温的烟气上升，经烟气出口18排出并被锅炉22利用，用来生产热水或蒸汽。燃烧后产生的炉渣过多时，会从燃烧托盘40 边缘溢出，落入排渣空间7，排渣空间7内的旋转刮渣装置转动，将炉渣刮入排渣装置1并进一步经排渣装置1排出。
该装置具有如下有益效果：
1、高温气体在炉膛内旋转燃烧，延长高温烟气在炉膛内部的滞留时间。实现了物料的充分燃烧，大大降低了有害气体的产生。
2、炉膛内可进入高温空气，提高炉膛温度，可回收废热，并进一步将不易燃烧的废弃物完全燃烧，提高燃烧效率。
3、炉膛底部设置的直射助燃喷嘴，一方面，直射喷嘴将大量高温助燃空气直对底部物料表面，增加了底部物料的燃烧速度，另一方面直射喷嘴将高温空气直接喷射到到旋转风无法接触到的物料中心部位，从而实现所有物料无死角的充分燃烧。
4、燃烧室外壁采用水冷风冷混合型保护型式，克服了使用耐火材料，造成大量结焦的问题，燃烧室内部采用的配风设计，在燃烧室内壁边缘产生气帘，较好的保护了燃烧室内壁免受高温腐蚀，提高了燃烧装置的运行稳定性和使用寿命。
5、通过油缸往复式运动向炉膛供料，其进料顺畅、故障率低、工作效率高。
本发明并不局限于上述实施例，在本发明公开的技术方案的基础上，本领域的技术人员根据所公开的技术内容，不需要创造性的劳动就可以对其中的一些技术特征作出一些替换和变形，这些替换和变形均在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (9)

  1. 一种液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置，包括燃烧室，所述燃烧室顶部经烟气出口连接烟气通道，燃烧室内设有燃烧托盘，燃烧托盘下侧设有下风腔，燃烧托盘上设有若干进风孔接通下风腔和燃烧室，下风腔上连接有下进风机；燃烧室底部设有供料装置；燃烧托盘边缘下侧设有排渣空间，所述排渣空间内设有旋转刮渣机构，旋转刮渣机构下侧对应设有排渣装置；其特征在于：所述烟气通道与锅炉的高温烟气进口相连接；所述供料装置包括水平管和竖直管，竖直管上端开口并连接在燃烧托盘下侧，竖直管内设有输送绞龙；水平管上侧设有进料斗，水平管一端连接在竖直管下侧，水平管另一端设置有油缸，油缸的活塞杆端部连接有推料活塞，推料活塞配合插入水平管内。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置，其特征在于：所述燃烧室的侧壁由外壁、中壁和内壁构成，外壁和中壁之间为接通燃烧室的外层风道，中壁和内壁之间为主换热水腔，所述主换热水腔上连接有主进水口和主出水口。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置，其特征在于：所述烟气出口为缩径喉口，缩径喉口外周设有辅换热水腔，辅换热水腔上连接有辅进水口和辅出水口。
  4. 根据权利要求2或3所述的液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置，其特征在于：所述外层风道经隔板分隔成上风道和下风道，上风道与外壁上设置的主进风机一相连，下风道与外壁上设置的主进风机二相连；所述上风道上设有若干接通燃烧室的上进风喷嘴，下风道上连接有若干喷吹方向朝向燃烧托盘的下进风喷嘴。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置，其特征在于：所述下风道下端设有直射助燃喷嘴连接到燃烧室下部。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置，其特征在于：所述主风机一的进口直通大气，主风机二的进口分为两路，一路经风门调节阀接通大气，另一路经余热回收管接通所述烟气通道。
  7. 根据权利要求4所述的液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置，其特征在于：所述上进风喷嘴和下进风喷嘴呈涡旋状进风或呈切向进风。
  8. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置，其特征在于：所述烟气通道的外壁内设有预热水腔，预热水腔经平衡管连接锅炉的水包和汽包。
  9. 根据权利要求1-3任意一项所述的液压供料的可燃物焚烧热利用装置，其特征在于：所述燃烧室上部和下部分别设有燃烧器。
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