WO2017038168A1 - ゲート電極及びイオン移動度分析装置 - Google Patents
ゲート電極及びイオン移動度分析装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017038168A1 WO2017038168A1 PCT/JP2016/065199 JP2016065199W WO2017038168A1 WO 2017038168 A1 WO2017038168 A1 WO 2017038168A1 JP 2016065199 W JP2016065199 W JP 2016065199W WO 2017038168 A1 WO2017038168 A1 WO 2017038168A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/06—Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
- H01J49/061—Ion deflecting means, e.g. ion gates
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
- G01N27/622—Ion mobility spectrometry
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/0027—Methods for using particle spectrometers
- H01J49/0031—Step by step routines describing the use of the apparatus
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/06—Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gate electrode for blocking or passing charged particles such as ions, and an ion mobility analyzer using the gate electrode as a shutter gate for introducing ions into a drift region in a pulsed manner.
- a gate electrode for blocking or passing charged particles such as ions
- an ion mobility analyzer using the gate electrode as a shutter gate for introducing ions into a drift region in a pulsed manner.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram of a conventional general ion mobility analyzer (see Patent Document 1).
- This ion mobility analyzer includes an ion source 1 that ionizes component molecules in a sample, a drift region 4 for measuring ion mobility, which is provided in a cylindrical housing (not shown), and a drift region 4. And a detector 5 for detecting ions that have moved inside.
- a shutter gate 3 is provided at the entrance of the drift region 4 in order to send the ions generated in the ion source 1 to the drift region 4 in a pulse manner limited to a very short time width.
- the inside of the housing is an atmospheric pressure atmosphere or a low vacuum atmosphere of about 100 Pa, and the drift region is generated by a DC voltage applied to each of a number of annular electrodes 2 a included in the drift electrode group 2 disposed in the drift region 4. 4, a uniform electric field having a downward potential gradient (accelerating ions) in the ion movement direction (Z direction in FIG. 3) is formed. Further, a neutral diffusion gas flow is formed in a direction opposite to the acceleration direction by the electric field.
- the ions generated in the ion source 1 are once dammed up by the shutter gate 3, and when the shutter gate 3 is opened only for a short time, the ions are introduced into the drift region 4 in a packet form.
- the introduced ions travel with an accelerating electric field while colliding with the diffusion gas coming in the drift region 4.
- Ions are temporally separated by ion mobility depending on their size, three-dimensional structure, charge, etc., and ions having different ion mobility reach the detector 5 with a time difference.
- the electric field in the drift region 4 is uniform, the collision cross section between the ion and the diffusion gas can be estimated from the drift time required for ions to pass through the drift region 4.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a shutter gate using a Bloodbury-Nielsen gate described in Patent Document 2.
- two comb-shaped electrodes 231 and 232 manufactured by winding or etching or the like are attached to one surface of a flat plate-shaped base 21 made of ceramic in which a circular opening 22 is formed.
- One comb electrode 231 is connected to the positive voltage input terminal 241
- the other comb electrode 232 is connected to the negative voltage input terminal 242.
- thin line electrodes to which voltages of different polarities are alternately applied one by one in the x direction are stretched so as to cover the opening 22.
- an electric field for blocking ions is formed near the opening 22, or The electric field can be eliminated and ions can pass freely.
- the drift tube forming the drift region 4 is heated to a high temperature during analysis.
- the heating temperature is generally about 120 to 130 ° C., but it is originally desirable to raise it to a higher temperature (150 to 160 ° C.).
- the shutter gate having the above-described structure is exposed to a high temperature, due to the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the ceramic base 21 and the metal comb electrodes 231 and 232, the shutter gate is pulled on the electrodes 231 and 232. And slack. As a result, for example, adjacent electrode wires that are stretched in the opening 22 come into contact with each other so that they do not function sufficiently as a shutter, or the electrode wires are deformed or cut and become unusable. There is. Due to these restrictions, conventionally, the temperature of the apparatus could only be raised to about 120 to 130 ° C., and it was difficult to perform measurement by heating the drift tube to a high temperature as described above.
- the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and its main purpose is to provide a gate electrode that is less likely to cause a malfunction of the shutter function and deformation / breakage of the electrode even under a higher temperature environment than before.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an ion mobility analyzer capable of performing ion mobility analysis by sufficiently removing water vapor, solvent droplets, and the like from the drift region by using such a gate electrode as a shutter gate.
- the gate electrode according to the present invention made to solve the above problems is a gate electrode that dams charged particles by an electric field or allows the charged particles to pass through, a) a flat base portion made of an insulator having a rectangular opening for passing ions in the center; b) two conductive fixing parts made of a conductor, attached to the base part along two opposite sides inside the rectangular opening of the base part, substantially parallel to each other; c) The base portion, which is attached to the conductive fixing portion substantially in parallel with the two opposite sides on the inner side of the conductive fixing portion attached to the inside of the rectangular opening of the base portion.
- Two insulating fixing parts made of the same insulator as d) One end of the conductive fixing portion is fixed to one end, and the other end is fixed to the insulating fixing portion disposed to face the conductive fixing portion, and the conductive fixing portion and the insulating fixing portion are fixed.
- a first electrode portion comprising a plurality of parallel conductive wires stretched so as to extend in a direction substantially orthogonal to the extending direction of the portion; e) One end fixed to the other side of the conductive fixing portion and the other end fixed to the insulating fixing portion disposed opposite to the conductive fixing portion to form the first electrode portion
- a second electrode portion comprising a plurality of parallel conductive wires stretched substantially parallel to the conductive wires in the middle between the wires;
- a predetermined temperature change based on a coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the base part and the insulating fixing part, a coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the conductive fixing part, and a coefficient of thermal expansion of the material of the conductive wire Corresponding to the amount of change in the distance between the center line of the rectangular opening extending in a direction orthogonal to the extending direction of the conductive wire and the conductive fixing portion, and the length corresponding to the distance.
- the conductive wires constituting the first and second electrode portions are conductive wires that extend so that the end portions of the respective conductive wires are substantially orthogonal to the wires at positions fixed to the conductive fixing portions.
- the electrode may be a comb-like electrode connected by a belt-like body, or may be an independent conductive linear body without such a connecting portion.
- an ion mobility analyzer according to the present invention made to solve the above-described problems is characterized in that the gate electrode according to the above-described invention is used as a shutter gate that packetizes ions and introduces them into the drift region. Yes.
- each of the conductive wires stretched so as to cover the rectangular opening of the base portion has one end fixed to the conductive fixing portion and the other end fixed to the insulating fixing portion. Yes.
- This is the same for both the first electrode portion and the second electrode portion, and the state of expansion and contraction when the temperature changes can be regarded as the same for all the conductive wires. For example, if both ends of the conductive wire are fixed to the base portion now, when the temperature rises and the conductive wire expands, the base portion expands in the same way as the conductive wire and the opening widens. Otherwise, the conductive wire will be pulled or loosened.
- the conductive wire When a material having a low coefficient of thermal expansion is used for the conductive wire, if the coefficient of thermal expansion of the insulator material forming the base is higher than that, the conductive wire may be pulled and cut as the temperature rises. is there. On the other hand, when a material having a high coefficient of thermal expansion is used for the conductive wire, if the coefficient of thermal expansion of the insulator material forming the base portion is lower than that, the conductive wire loosens and adjoins as the temperature rises. There is a risk of short circuit in contact with the wire.
- the conductive fixing portion since the conductive fixing portion is attached inside the rectangular opening of the base portion, when the conductive fixing portion expands due to a temperature rise, the conductive fixing portion has a rectangular shape. It will expand inward of the opening. That is, the direction of expansion of the conductive fixing portion is opposite to the direction of the opening due to thermal expansion of the base portion. Therefore, the position of one end of the conductive wire fixed to the conductive fixing portion is substantially equivalent to the difference between the expansion of the rectangular opening and the inward expansion of the conductive fixing portion as the temperature rises. Moving. If this amount of movement and the amount of expansion (expansion) of the conductive wire are matched to a certain extent, pulling or loosening of the wire can be reduced.
- the gate electrode according to the present invention In this configuration, the width of the rectangular opening and the width of the conductive fixing portion in the extending direction of the conductive wire are appropriately determined under the condition of the coefficient of thermal expansion of each material.
- the degree of freedom in adjusting these geometric sizes is much greater than the choice of the material's coefficient of thermal expansion, so that even when the temperature rises greatly, the conductive wire is excessively pulled by thermal expansion, and conversely Adjustments can be made to avoid large slacks.
- the gate electrode according to the present invention makes it difficult for the conductive wire functioning as an electrode to be pulled or loosened even when the temperature rises. Therefore, even under a high-temperature environment, contact with an adjacent wire due to excessive loosening of the conductive wire, and deformation or cutting due to excessive pulling of the conductive wire can be avoided.
- the gate electrode as described above is used as a shutter gate, so that the drift tube or the like can be heated to a higher temperature than before. Thereby, water vapor, solvent droplets, and the like can be sufficiently removed from the drift region, and the accuracy and resolution of ion mobility analysis can be improved.
- the top view of the gate electrode which is one Example of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a plan view of the gate electrode 10A of this embodiment.
- the outer shape of the ceramic base 11 is rectangular when viewed from above (when the paper is viewed from above).
- a rectangular opening 12 is formed in the upper part.
- the vertical direction in the figure is the y direction and the horizontal direction is the x direction.
- a pair of trapezoidal conductive fixing members 131 and 132 made of metal and having the same size are attached to two sides (upper side and lower side in FIG. 1) facing the y direction inside the rectangular opening 12.
- a pair of insulating fixing members 141 and 142 made of ceramic and having the same size are attached to the inside of the pair of conductive fixing members 131 and 132 so as to face each other.
- the length of the opening 12 in the y direction is L
- the width of the conductive fixing members 131 and 132 in the y direction is D.
- One comb-shaped electrode 151 which is a set of two, has a connecting portion 151a for connecting a plurality of fine wire electrodes corresponding to comb teeth fixed to the upper conductive fixing member 131, and each end of the thin wire electrode is It is fixed to the lower insulating fixing member 142.
- the connecting portion 152a is fixed to the lower conductive fixing member 132, and each end of the thin wire electrode (conductive wire in the present invention) is fixed to the upper insulating fixing member 141.
- a conductive adhesive having sufficient heat resistance (preferably about 200 ° C. or higher) may be used.
- the connecting portions 151 a and 152 a of the comb-shaped electrodes 151 and 152 are both fixed to the approximate center of the width D of the conductive fixing members 131 and 132. Further, the end portions 151b and 152b of the thin wire electrodes of the comb-shaped electrodes 151 and 152 are fixed to substantially the center of the width of the insulating fixing members 141 and 142, respectively.
- a substantial opening through which ions can pass is formed between the lower edge of the upper insulating fixing member 141 and the upper edge of the lower insulating fixing member 142.
- the base 11 and the insulating fixing members 141 and 142 are the same ceramic and have the same coefficient of thermal expansion.
- the conductive fixing members 131 and 132 and the comb-shaped electrodes 151 and 152 are all metals, but are different types of metals and have different thermal expansion coefficients.
- T ° C. the thermal expansion coefficient of the ceramic
- the thermal expansion coefficient of the metal A used for the conductive fixing members 131 and 132 is ⁇ A
- the comb-shaped electrodes 151 and 152 Let ⁇ B be the thermal expansion coefficient of the metal B used. Since the shape of the gate electrode 10A is vertically symmetric about the center line C extending in the x direction, the thermal expansion in the upper half from the center line C is now considered.
- Equation (1) ⁇ T ⁇ ⁇ C ⁇ (L / 2) ⁇ ⁇ ( ⁇ T ⁇ ⁇ A ⁇ D) (1)
- the first term of equation (1) is the enlargement of the opening 12 due to the thermal expansion of the base 11, and the second term is the substantial reduction of the opening through which ions can pass due to the thermal expansion of the conductive fixing member 131.
- the approximate change amount ⁇ B in the y direction from the center line C to the fixed portion of the comb electrodes 151 and 152 at the same temperature rise can be expressed by the following equation (2).
- ⁇ B ⁇ T ⁇ ⁇ B ⁇ ⁇ (L / 2) ⁇ D ⁇ (2)
- the insulating fixing members 141 and 142 are not considered. If the width in the y direction is reduced, the amount of change is negligible.
- the coefficient of thermal expansion is determined by the material, the degree of freedom of selection is very narrow. Therefore, the coefficients of thermal expansion ⁇ A , ⁇ B , and ⁇ C are determined by selecting ceramic, metal A, and metal B, and then the length L and width D are determined so as to satisfy the expression (3).
- the material of the base 11 and the insulating fixing members 141 and 142 is alumina
- the material of the conductive fixing members 131 and 132 is SUS304 (stainless steel)
- the material of the comb-shaped electrodes 151 and 152 is Fe-Ni36. % (So-called Invar: registered trademark).
- the ion mobility analyzer of the present embodiment has basically the same configuration as the conventional one shown in FIG. 3, but uses the gate electrode 10A as a shutter gate. Thereby, even when the drift region is set to a higher temperature than before, it is possible to prevent the electrode of the shutter gate from being cut off or the adjacent electrode from contacting and not functioning as a shutter. As a result, water vapor and solvent droplets existing in the drift region can be reduced, so that the possibility that ions introduced into the drift region collide with these particles is reduced, and resolution and accuracy are improved.
- each electrode is composed of a plurality of metal wires, as in the gate electrode 10B shown in FIG. May be used.
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Abstract
Description
a)中央にイオン通過用の矩形状開口が形成された、絶縁体から成る平板状のベース部と、
b)前記ベース部の矩形状開口の内側の対向した二つの辺に沿って互いに略平行に該ベース部に取り付けられた、導電体から成る二本の導電性固定部と、
c)前記ベース部の矩形状開口の内側に取り付けられた前記導電性固定部のさらに内側に、その対向した二つの辺に沿って略平行に該導電性固定部に取り付けられた、前記ベース部と同じ絶縁体から成る二本の絶縁性固定部と、
d)前記導電性固定部の一方に一端が固定され、他端が該導電性固定部と対向して配置されている前記絶縁性固定部に固定され、該導電性固定部及び該絶縁性固定部の延伸方向と略直交する方向に延伸するように張設された複数本の平行な導電性ワイヤから成る第1電極部と、
e)前記導電性固定部の他方に一端が固定され、他端が該導電性固定部と対向して配置されている前記絶縁性固定部に固定され、前記第1電極部を構成する導電性ワイヤ間の中間に該導電性ワイヤと略平行に張設された複数本の平行な導電性ワイヤから成る第2電極部と、
を備え、前記ベース部及び前記絶縁性固定部の材料の熱膨張率、前記導電性固定部の材料の熱膨張率、並びに前記導電性ワイヤの材料の熱膨張率に基づいて、所定の温度変化に対応する、前記導電性ワイヤの延伸方向と直交する方向に延伸する前記矩形状開口の中心線と前記導電性固定部との間の距離の変化量と、該距離に相当する長さの前記導電性ワイヤの長さの変化量とが釣り合うように、前記矩形状開口における前記導電性ワイヤの延伸方向の開口幅及び同方向の前記導電性固定部の幅がそれぞれ定められていることを特徴としている。
図1は本実施例のゲート電極10Aの平面図である。
δC={δT・αC・(L/2)}-(δT・αA・D) …(1)
(1)式の第1項はベース11の熱膨張による開口12の拡大、第2項は導電性固定部材131の熱膨張によるイオン通過可能な実質的開口の縮小である。
δB=δT・αB・{(L/2)-D} …(2)
ここでは、櫛形電極151、152の細線の電極の末端部151b、152bが固着される絶縁性固定部材141、142の変化量やその固着位置は考慮されていないものの、絶縁性固定部材141、142のy方向の幅を小さくしておけばその変化量は無視できる程度である。
αB・{(L/2)-D}=αC・(L/2)-αA・D …(3)
1.2×{(L/2)-D}=7.2×(L/2)-17.3×D
となり、これを解くとL=5.4×Dという関係が得られる。したがって、導電性固定部材131、132の幅を10mmとした場合には、ベース11の開口12のy方向の長さを54mmに定めればよい。
2…ドリフト電極群
2a…電極
3…シャッタゲート
4…ドリフト領域
5…検出器
10A、10B…ゲート電極
11…ベース
12…開口
131、132…導電性固定部材
141、142…絶縁性固定部材
151、152…櫛形電極
151a、152a…連結部
151b、152b…細線の電極の末端部
Claims (3)
- 電場によって荷電粒子を堰き止めたり該荷電粒子を通過させたりするゲート電極であって、
a)中央にイオン通過用の矩形状開口が形成された、絶縁体から成る平板状のベース部と、
b)前記ベース部の矩形状開口の内側の対向した二つの辺に沿って互いに略平行に該ベース部に取り付けられた、導電体から成る二本の導電性固定部と、
c)前記ベース部の矩形状開口の内側に取り付けられた前記導電性固定部のさらに内側に、その対向した二つの辺に沿って略平行に該導電性固定部に取り付けられた、前記ベース部と同じ絶縁体から成る二本の絶縁性固定部と、
d)前記導電性固定部の一方に一端が固定され、他端が該導電性固定部と対向して配置されている前記絶縁性固定部に固定され、該導電性固定部及び該絶縁性固定部の延伸方向と略直交する方向に延伸するように張設された複数本の平行な導電性ワイヤから成る第1電極部と、
e)前記導電性固定部の他方に一端が固定され、他端が該導電性固定部と対向して配置されている前記絶縁性固定部に固定され、前記第1電極部を構成する導電性ワイヤ間の中間に該導電性ワイヤと略平行に張設された複数本の平行な導電性ワイヤから成る第2電極部と、
を備え、前記ベース部及び前記絶縁性固定部の材料の熱膨張率、前記導電性固定部の材料の熱膨張率、並びに前記導電性ワイヤの材料の熱膨張率に基づいて、所定の温度変化に対応する、前記導電性ワイヤの延伸方向と直交する方向に延伸する前記矩形状開口の中心線と前記導電性固定部との間の距離の変化量と、該距離に相当する長さの前記導電性ワイヤの長さの変化量とが釣り合うように、前記矩形状開口における前記導電性ワイヤの延伸方向の開口幅及び同方向の前記導電性固定部の幅がそれぞれ定められていることを特徴とするゲート電極。 - 請求項1に記載のゲート電極であって、
前記第1及び第2電極部は、前記複数本の平行な導電性ワイヤの端部が該ワイヤに略直交するように延伸する導電性のワイヤ又は別の帯状体で以て連結されてなる櫛形電極を含むことを特徴とするゲート電極。 - イオンをパケット化してドリフト領域中に導入するシャッタゲートとして、請求項1又は2に記載のゲート電極を用いたことを特徴とするイオン移動度分析装置。
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CN201680049475.7A CN107923875B (zh) | 2015-09-01 | 2016-05-23 | 门电极和离子迁移率分析装置 |
JP2017537583A JP6399231B2 (ja) | 2015-09-01 | 2016-05-23 | ゲート電極及びイオン移動度分析装置 |
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JP6015623B2 (ja) * | 2013-10-21 | 2016-10-26 | 株式会社島津製作所 | イオン移動度分光計 |
-
2016
- 2016-05-23 US US15/756,137 patent/US10197531B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-05-23 CN CN201680049475.7A patent/CN107923875B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-05-23 JP JP2017537583A patent/JP6399231B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2016-05-23 WO PCT/JP2016/065199 patent/WO2017038168A1/ja active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
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US20040144918A1 (en) * | 2002-10-11 | 2004-07-29 | Zare Richard N. | Gating device and driver for modulation of charged particle beams |
JP2004356072A (ja) * | 2003-05-30 | 2004-12-16 | Hamamatsu Photonics Kk | イオン移動度検出器 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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ZULETA, IGNACIO A. ET AL.: "Micromachined Bradbury-Nielsen Gates", ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY, vol. 79, no. 23, pages 9160 - 9165, XP055089500, ISSN: 0003-2700 * |
Also Published As
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JPWO2017038168A1 (ja) | 2018-02-22 |
JP6399231B2 (ja) | 2018-10-03 |
US20180246061A1 (en) | 2018-08-30 |
CN107923875A (zh) | 2018-04-17 |
US10197531B2 (en) | 2019-02-05 |
CN107923875B (zh) | 2020-08-14 |
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