WO2017029074A1 - Procédé de surveillance du fonctionnement d'un capteur de suie électrostatique - Google Patents

Procédé de surveillance du fonctionnement d'un capteur de suie électrostatique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017029074A1
WO2017029074A1 PCT/EP2016/067645 EP2016067645W WO2017029074A1 WO 2017029074 A1 WO2017029074 A1 WO 2017029074A1 EP 2016067645 W EP2016067645 W EP 2016067645W WO 2017029074 A1 WO2017029074 A1 WO 2017029074A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
electrode
soot sensor
soot
sensor
electrostatic
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/067645
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Christian Stahl
Hong Zhang
Original Assignee
Continental Automotive Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Continental Automotive Gmbh filed Critical Continental Automotive Gmbh
Publication of WO2017029074A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017029074A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance
    • G01N27/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating impedance by investigating resistance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
    • F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G01N15/0606—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by collecting particles on a support
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
    • F01N2560/05—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being a particulate sensor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
    • G01N15/0656—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
    • G01N2015/0042—Investigating dispersion of solids
    • G01N2015/0046—Investigating dispersion of solids in gas, e.g. smoke
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for monitoring the function of an electrostatic soot sensor.
  • soot sensors are used to measure the currently expelled soot, so that the engine management in a motor vehicle in a current driving situation information to reduce the emission values with regulatory adjustments.
  • active exhaust gas purification can be initiated by exhaust soot filters or exhaust gas recirculation to the internal combustion engine can take place.
  • soot filtering regenerable filters are used, which filter out a significant portion of the carbon black content from the exhaust gas.
  • Soot- Sensors for the detection of soot to monitor the function of the soot filters or to control their regeneration cycles.
  • the soot filter which is also referred to as a diesel particulate filter, may be preceded by a soot sensor and / or a soot sensor connected downstream.
  • the diesel particulate filter upstream sensor is used to increase the system security and to ensure a
  • a diesel particulate filter downstream soot sensor offers the ability to make an on-board diagnosis and also serves to ensure the correct operation of the exhaust aftertreatment system.
  • DE 195 36 705 AI discloses a device for measuring soot particles, wherein an electric field between a through-flow of the gas flow from the cladding electrode and an inner electrode within this cladding electrode by applying a constant electrical DC voltage is generated and the charging current to maintain the constant DC voltage between the sheath electrode and inner electrode gemes ⁇ sen. Good measurement results are achieved in the context of the disclosure of DE 195 36 705 AI, when a DC voltage of 2000 to 3000 volts is used to generate the electric field.
  • the object is achieved by the features of the independent Ansprü ⁇ che.
  • the functionality of the soot sensor can be determined based on a highly reproducible process at regular intervals during operation of the vehicle. This is an important measure to ensure the func ⁇ tion capability of the entire exhaust aftertreatment system and thus to protect the environment from contamination.
  • the functionality of the soot sensor is recognized when the measuring current flowing between the first electrode and the second electrode follows a predetermined diagnostic model.
  • the measuring current is very characteristic in egg ⁇ nem error-free soot sensor, when observed in the warm-up phase of the soot sensor.
  • This cha ⁇ teristic curve can be easily stored as a diagnostic model for In ⁇ play in the motor controller, or other electronic evaluation unit.
  • Di ⁇ agnosemodel with a guaranteed error-free soot sensor before the actual monitoring function of the soot sensor and store the once determined values in an electronic memory in the vehicle or to choose a mathematical diagnosis model based on other data, such as outdoor temperature and Humidity, recalculating the diagnostic model at each function monitoring of the soot sensor.
  • the functionality of the soot sensor can also be determined on the basis of an excellent reproducible process at regular intervals during operation of the vehicle. This is also an important measure to ensure the functionality of the entire exhaust aftertreatment system and thus to protect the environment from contamination.
  • the functionality of the soot sensor is detected when the measuring current flowing between the first electrode and the guard electrode follows a predetermined diagnostic model.
  • the measuring ⁇ current is very characteristic in a faultless soot sensor, when observed in the warm-up phase of the soot sensor.
  • This characteristic curve can also be easily stored as a diagnostic model, for example in the engine control or another electronic evaluation unit. It is conceivable to determine the diagnostic model with a guaranteed defect-free soot sensor before the actual function monitoring of the soot sensor and to store the once determined values in an electronic memory in the vehicle or to select a mathematical diagnosis model based on further data, such as outside temperature and humidity, the diagnostic semodel at each remote monitoring of the soot sensor re ⁇ be counted.
  • the voltage at the guard electrode is at a higher potential than the voltage at the second electrode.
  • the insulating body consists of a ceramic material.
  • the present invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. These embodiments include Soot sensors for use in a motor vehicle. Show it :
  • FIG. 1 shows a soot sensor
  • Figure 2 shows a soot sensor according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a further soot sensor which can be operated according to the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 4 shows current-time curves generated by two soot sensors operated by the method according to the invention
  • FIG. 5 shows a current-time curve which was generated by an operated with the OF INVENTION ⁇ to the invention method soot sensor.
  • FIG. 1 shows a soot sensor 1.
  • the soot sensor 1 consists of a first electrode 2, which is arranged in the interior of a second electrode 3. Between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 is the exhaust gas of the combus ⁇ tion motor, in which soot particles 4 are included.
  • the concentration of the soot particles 4 in the exhaust gas should be measured by the soot sensor. In other words, it can be said that the soot content in the exhaust gas flow 17 should be determined with the soot sensor.
  • a measuring voltage is applied by the voltage supply 6 between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3.
  • the first electrode 2 is electrically insulated from the second electrode 3 by means of the insulating body 5.
  • the insulating body 5 may be constructed, for example, as a disk of a ceramic material.
  • an ohmic resistor 7 which is designed to be of high resistance, in order to measure the relatively small currents that occur due to the Soot particles 4 between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 to form.
  • the measurement of these currents is carried out by the current measuring element 8, which is connected to an evaluation ⁇ electronics 9.
  • Such soot sensors 1 are used for on-board diagnosis in motor vehicles with diesel engines.
  • the voltage applied between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 is relatively high in order to obtain useful measuring currents.
  • Such a voltage is between 100 V and 3 kV and is therefore relatively expensive to control.
  • soot sensor 1 must be completely dried before the soot measurement, which is signaled by the so-called dew point ⁇ release.
  • FIG. 2 shows a soot sensor 1 with a first electrode 2 and a second electrode 3.
  • the first electrode 2 is electrically insulated from the second electrode 3 by an insulating body 5, and an electrical voltage is applied between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 generated by the electric power supply 6.
  • Soot particles 4 which are transported in an exhaust gas flow from an internal combustion engine through an exhaust pipe, can penetrate into the soot sensor 1 integrated in the exhaust gas system.
  • the soot particles 4 enter an electric field, which forms due to the applied electrical voltage in the space between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 ⁇ .
  • 3 elements 15 are on the surface of the first electrode 2 and / or on the surface of the second electrode Concentration of the electric field strength formed.
  • the first electrode 2 is formed as a rod-shaped Ge ⁇ windestange, wherein the elements 15 are formed to Konzentra ⁇ tion of the electric field strength through the threads, between which triangular tips are formed. At these tips of the electric field is concen ⁇ riert, whereby the electric field strength in the area of Spit ⁇ zen is very high.
  • FIG. 2 also shows an ohmic resistor 7, which is advantageous in order to be able to measure the electrical measuring current with the evaluation electronics 9, which flows between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3.
  • ⁇ can be seen from a protective cap 10 in Figure 2, which is used for targeted guidance of the exhaust gas flow 17 through the soot sensor. 1
  • the exhaust gases can penetrate 11 into the soot sensor 1, where between the first electrode 2 and second electrode 3 of the soot content in the From ⁇ gas can be measured for example by a first voltage ⁇ Publ.
  • the exhaust gas flow 17 leaves the soot sensor 1 through the second opening 12 formed in the second electrode 3, and is returned to the main exhaust gas flow via the third port 13.
  • a guard electrode 16 can be detected.
  • the guard electrode 16 may be of about the mitge- from the gas stream on the insulating body 5 as condensate during a heating phase of cold ⁇ at the beginning of the soot sensor 1 water flowing measuring current, which forms due to the applied voltage between the first electrode 2 and the guard electrode 16, are evaluated as an indicator of theforensicsfä ⁇ ability of the soot sensor 1.
  • the measuring current is driven by the voltage at the first electrode 2 (in this example 1 kV) across the moist insulating body to the guard electrode 16, which in this example is slightly biased at 0.5 V against the ground potential GND at the second electrode 3.
  • the characteristic curve of the measuring current on the drying time and the heating up of the soot sensor can be evaluated with a diagnostic model ⁇ to and in accordance the course of the measuring current with the diagnostic model, the accuracy soot sensor loading can correct.
  • the cold and fully functional soot sensor 1 during the heating phase shows a characteristic measuring current that can be measured and compared with a diagnostic model.
  • Fig. 3 shows a soot sensor 1, which is adapted to be by means of the inventive method for Tau Vietnamese herbizagabe Betrie ⁇ ben.
  • the soot sensor 1 has a first electrode 2 and a second electrode 3.
  • the soot particles can with the exhaust gas flow 17 through a first opening 11, which in the
  • Protective cap 10 is formed to penetrate into the interior of the Rußsen ⁇ sors.
  • the soot particles enter the space between the first electrode 2 and the second Elek ⁇ trode 3.
  • This water condensate lies, inter alia, on the insulating body 5, wherein an electrically conductive connection between the first electrode 2 and the second electrode 3 is formed.
  • the voltage ⁇ supply 6 can be connected to the first electrode 2, a high voltage of z. B. 1000 V are created.
  • the second electrode 3 is preferably kept at ground potential GND.
  • a heat-resistant plastic or other insulating materials such.
  • B materials from the element carbon in a corresponding crystal lattice structure, which leads to a high isolation, or silicon materials.
  • the voltage at the guard electrode 16 in this example is 0.5 V higher than the ground potential GND, which at the second electrode 3 is applied.
  • a characteristic current that is at least one power of ten above the measuring current in the dried operation of the soot sensor 1, observed, while on the insulating body is an aqueous condensate before ⁇ hands.
  • the current I in A is plotted on the ordinate of the diagram in FIG. 4 and the time t in s on the abscissa. It can be seen two curves, the first cure ⁇ ve 19, the current signal from a first soot sensor represents, and the second curve 20 represents the current signal by a second soot sensor. Both soot sensors are installed in the exhaust system of a motor vehicle. The soot sensors are located at different locations in the exhaust line of the soot sensor. After the start of the internal combustion engine, the current signal 19 of the first soot sensor rises relatively steeply, wherein at point B a maximum is reached.
  • a similar picture is shown for the second soot sensor, whose current signal 20 is shown in the second curve.
  • the second soot sensor is placed in the exhaust line at a higher distance from the engine than the first soot sensor, whereby the heating of the second soot sensor takes much longer time.
  • the current signal 20 of the second soot sensor increases relatively steeply up to a time ⁇ point C, which is approximately at 700 s.
  • C er ⁇ follows the drying of the second soot sensor, which is due to the steep drop in the current signal 20 of the second soot sensor in the range of 700 to 800 s after the cold start of the engine.
  • FIG. 4 shows the temperature curve 18 in the exhaust gas line of the internal combustion engine. It can be seen that the temperature in the exhaust system rises sharply after the cold start of the internal combustion engine and reaches a maximum after about 800 seconds and then settles to a constant value.
  • Fig. 5 shows a similar situation as Fig. 4 with a single soot sensor, which is arranged in the exhaust line of the internal combustion engine.
  • the temperature T is indicated on the ordinate
  • the current I in A is indicated on the ordinate.
  • Both abscissas show the time t in s.
  • an increase of the current signal 19 takes place.
  • initially only a very small current is to be measured up to a time of about 100 seconds, since obviously relatively little condensate has formed in the interior of the soot sensor 1, which then after the point A at about 200 s significantly changed, which can be seen by a significant increase in the current signal 19, to the point B.
  • the signal rises and then collapses abruptly, indicating that the soot sensor in
  • the diagnostic model with which the actual current profile in the drying phase of the soot sensor after starting the Ver ⁇ combustion engine is compared can be determined on the one hand with a guaranteed error-free sensor and stored in a memory unit, but it can also be created as a mathematical diagnostic model , is recalculated with reference to ver ⁇ various parameters of the profile of the current of a fault-free soot sensor.
  • the Rußsen ⁇ sor is classified as defective, which, for example, with an entry in the memory of the on-board diagnostics Unit can be doku ⁇ mentiert and / or can lead to an error message in the driver's display.
  • a mathematical diagnostic model can be described as follows:
  • I Guard f ⁇ 1 Cond ⁇ Gas Sensor
  • m Co nd is the mass of the condensed water
  • m Ga s is the mass of the passing exhaust gas
  • T Gas Sensor is the temperature of the soot sensor on the inner
  • the measuring current at the guard electrode I Gu ar d can be calculated.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne procédé de surveillance du fonctionnement d'un capteur de suie électrostatique comportant une première électrode et une deuxième électrode, la première électrode et la deuxième électrode étant isolées électriquement l'une de l'autre par un corps isolant, et une tension électrique pouvant être appliquée entre la première électrode et la deuxième électrode, et les particules de suie pouvant parvenir, au moyen d'un flux de gaz, dans un espace situé entre la première électrode et la deuxième électrode. Afin de fournir un procédé de surveillance du fonctionnement d'un capteur de suie électrostatique, à l'aide duquel un capteur de suie défectueux peut être détecté de manière simple et fiable, pendant une phase de chauffage du capteur de suie froid au départ, le courant de mesure circulant par le biais de l'eau condensée à partir du flux de gaz sur le corps isolant en tant que condensat, lequel courant de mesure se forme du fait de la tension appliquée entre la première électrode et la deuxième électrode, est évalué en tant qu'indicateur du bon fonctionnement du capteur de suie.
PCT/EP2016/067645 2015-08-19 2016-07-25 Procédé de surveillance du fonctionnement d'un capteur de suie électrostatique WO2017029074A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015215848.9 2015-08-19
DE102015215848.9A DE102015215848B4 (de) 2015-08-19 2015-08-19 Verfahren zur Funktionsüberwachung eines elektrostatischen Rußsensors

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WO2017029074A1 true WO2017029074A1 (fr) 2017-02-23

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Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017204911A1 (de) * 2017-03-23 2018-09-27 Continental Automotive Gmbh Verfahren zum Prüfen eines Rußpartikelfilters eines Kraftfahrzeugs sowie Sensorvorrichtung und Kraftfahrzeug
DE102018221567A1 (de) * 2018-12-12 2020-06-18 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Sensors zur Detektion von Teilchen in einem Messgas

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19536705A1 (de) 1995-09-30 1997-04-03 Guenther Prof Dr Ing Hauser Partikel-Meßverfahren und Vorrichtung
US20110047978A1 (en) * 2009-09-02 2011-03-03 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method for evaluating degradation of a particulate matter sensor
DE102010006708A1 (de) * 2010-02-02 2011-08-04 Continental Automotive GmbH, 30165 Diagnoseverfahren eines Rußsensors
EP2492481A1 (fr) * 2011-02-22 2012-08-29 Delphi Technologies Holding S.à.r.l. Surveillance de capacité fonctionnelle de capteur de suie
US20140144208A1 (en) * 2011-05-26 2014-05-29 Emisense Technologies, Llc Agglomeration and charge loss sensor with seed structure for measuring particulate matter

Family Cites Families (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102009001064A1 (de) 2009-02-23 2010-08-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Ermitteln eines Maßes für einen Wassertropfeneintrag in den Abgaskanal einer Brennkraftmaschine und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
DE102011086148A1 (de) 2011-11-11 2013-05-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Betreiben eines resistiven Sensors im Abgaskanal einer Brennkraftmaschine

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19536705A1 (de) 1995-09-30 1997-04-03 Guenther Prof Dr Ing Hauser Partikel-Meßverfahren und Vorrichtung
US20110047978A1 (en) * 2009-09-02 2011-03-03 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method for evaluating degradation of a particulate matter sensor
DE102010006708A1 (de) * 2010-02-02 2011-08-04 Continental Automotive GmbH, 30165 Diagnoseverfahren eines Rußsensors
EP2492481A1 (fr) * 2011-02-22 2012-08-29 Delphi Technologies Holding S.à.r.l. Surveillance de capacité fonctionnelle de capteur de suie
US20140144208A1 (en) * 2011-05-26 2014-05-29 Emisense Technologies, Llc Agglomeration and charge loss sensor with seed structure for measuring particulate matter

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATRICK THOMPSON: "The State of Soot Sensor Technology", 25 April 2013 (2013-04-25), pages 1 - 16, XP055304894, Retrieved from the Internet <URL:http://emisense.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/State_of_Soot_Sensing_2013.pdf> [retrieved on 20160922] *

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DE102015215848B4 (de) 2019-09-05

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