Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
  • H04W48/08—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery
  • H04W48/10—Access restriction or access information delivery, e.g. discovery data delivery using broadcasted information
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
  • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
  • H04W4/70—Services for machine-to-machine communication [M2M] or machine type communication [MTC]

Definitions

• IoT Internet of Things
• Objects within the IoT are typically envisioned as communicating with each other wirelessly.
• a strong candidate for serving as the basis of such wireless communication is Cellular IoT (CIoT) or Machine-Type Communication (MTC). Since a massive number of objects may exist in the IoT, any CIoT or MTC protocol in support of IoT should support an IoT environment that must serve a massive number of connected objects. In particular, CIoT or MTC protocols may best serve the needs of the IoT environment by having very low device complexity, being latency tolerant, requiring low throughput, and requiring very low power consumption.
• LTE and LTE-Advanced features may be adaptable to support low-complexity CIoT or MTC devices, like Low-Complexity (LC) User Equipment (UE) or Category M devices, which may need to support bandwidths of up to 1.4 MHz (download and upload).
• LC Low-Complexity
• UE User Equipment
• Category M devices which may need to support bandwidths of up to 1.4 MHz (download and upload).
• Narrow Band LTE (NB-LTE) systems can support CIoT or MTC devices with bandwidths of up to 200 kHz, both download and upload.
• FIG. 1 illustrates a scenario of a network with a base station and a large number of user devices.
• Fig. 2 illustrates an embodiment of a portion of an LTE spectrum including a reduced-bandwidth region between two carrier bandwidths.
• FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of an eNB and an embodiment of a UE.
• FIG. 4 illustrates an embodiment of a state diagram for a UE, along with trigger conditions causing a state change from Normal mode to Enhanced Coverage (EC) mode, and cell selection / reselection mechanisms that may be used in EC mode.
• EC Enhanced Coverage
• Fig. 5 illustrates an embodiment of trigger conditions causing a state change from Normal mode to EC mode.
• Fig. 6 illustrates an embodiment of cell selection / reselection mechanisms in
• Fig. 7 illustrates an embodiment of hardware processing circuitry for a UE.
• FIG. 8 illustrates an embodiment of a method for triggering a state change from Normal mode to EC mode and selecting / reselecting cells in EC mode.
• FIG. 9 illustrates, for one embodiment, example components of a UE device in accordance with some embodiments.
• IoT development may also benefit from adapting features such as delay tolerance to improve LTE coverage.
• Some potential adaptations include repetitive transmissions and new physical channel formats.
• the term “EC” for "Enhanced Coverage,” “Extended Coverage,” or “Coverage Enhancement” will be used to discuss such adapted features.
• the various Cat M and EC adapted features may facilitate IoT development, they may also be used and of benefit to non-CIoT / non-MTC UE devices. As a result, in some embodiments, these features may allow any UE to operate in a reduced bandwidth or low signal strength/quality environments, such as locations that are obstructed, or locations at a cell edge, or locations where LTE coverage may be otherwise difficult or challenging to provide.
• UEs operating in NB-LTE environments may be prone to less-reliable UE measurement (such as Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ)) under legacy mechanisms. This may, in turn, impact cell selection and reselection for such UEs (and possibly random access (RACH), paging, and/or handover).
• RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
• RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality
• Legacy requirements for UE measurement accuracy accommodate an absolute measurement error of between +/- 6 dB to +/- 8 dB for RSRP for intra-frequency under normal conditions, and a relative
• UEs operating in EC mode may need to perform measurements over a longer period of time and/or increase the amount of measurement samples within the same period of time in order to get accuracy similar to the legacy requirements. This may hold true, too, for UEs operating in reduced bandwidth or low signal strength/quality environments, for which UE measurements (i.e., RSRP and RSRQ) may also be less reliable.
• UE measurements i.e., RSRP and RSRQ
• Coverage for UEs operating in EC mode may be enhanced by certain "EC levels,” which may represent a degree of enhancement in a coupling loss, in dB.
• An updated cell selection criteria (S criteria), which may be based on the EC or "EC level,” may help UEs operating in reduced bandwidth or low signal strength/quality environments to complete cell selection or reselection. In some situations or conditions, legacy mechanisms for cell selection and reselection may still be applicable for UEs operating in EC mode.
• the fallback mechanisms disclosed herein may advantageously help UEs in reduced bandwidth or low signal strength/quality environments, or UEs in EC mode, complete cell selection or reselection, and may also help such UEs in other mechanisms, such as random access (RACH), paging, and/or handover.
• RACH random access
• the fallback mechanisms disclosed herein are initially envisioned as being advantageous to UEs targeted to primarily use NB-LTE features (such as CIoT or MTC features), they may be advantageous to other UEs as well.
• UEs that are capable of standard or typical LTE operation and are not necessarily restricted to NB-LTE operation may benefit from EC mode operations in reduced bandwidth or low signal strength/quality situations and conditions.
• signals are represented with lines. Some lines may be thicker, to indicate a greater number of constituent signal paths, and/or have arrows at one or more ends, to indicate a direction of information flow. Such indications are not intended to be limiting. Rather, the lines are used in connection with one or more exemplary embodiments to facilitate easier understanding of a circuit or a logical unit. Any represented signal, as dictated by design needs or preferences, may actually comprise one or more signals that may travel in either direction and may be implemented with any suitable type of signal scheme.
• connection means either (1) a direct electrical, mechanical, or magnetic connection between the things that are connected, without any intermediary devices, or (2) a Radio Resource Control (RRC) state or mode for UEs.
• RRC Radio Resource Control
• coupled means either a direct electrical, mechanical, or magnetic connection between the things that are connected or an indirect connection through one or more passive or active intermediary devices.
• circuit or “module” may refer to one or more passive and/or active components that are arranged to cooperate with one another to provide a desired function.
• signal may refer to at least one current signal, voltage signal, magnetic signal, or data clock signal.
• the meaning of "a,” “an,” and “the” include plural references.
• the meaning of "in” includes “in” and "on.”
• A, B, and/or C means (A), (B), (C), (A and B), (A and C), (B and C), or (A, B and C).
• combinatorial logic and sequential logic discussed in the present disclosure may pertain both to physical structures (such as AND gates, OR gates, or XOR gates), or to synthesized or otherwise optimized collections of devices implementing the logical structures that are Boolean equivalents of the logic under discussion.
• Fig. 1 illustrates a scenario of a network with a base station and a large number of user devices.
• the network may be a Long Term Evolution (LTE) network
• the base station may be a Macro Enhanced/Evolved Universal Mobile
• UMTS Telecommunications System
• E-UTRAN E-UTRAN Node B
• eNB E-UTRAN Node B
• the user devices may be Cellular Internet-of-Things (CIoT) and/or Machine- Type Communication (MTC) devices.
• An environment 100 includes an eNB 1 10, which serves a cell 120.
• CIoT Cellular Internet-of-Things
• MTC Machine- Type Communication
• An environment 100 includes an eNB 1 10, which serves a cell 120.
• Present in cell 120 are a large number of CIoT / MTC devices 130, which may be UEs in the LTE network.
• CIoT / MTC devices 130 may be NB-LTE systems deployed on LTE guard-bands. In other embodiments, CIoT / MTC devices 130 may be NB- LTE systems deployed on GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) bands, or within other LTE bandwidths in an LTE spectrum. In various embodiments, NB-LTE systems may be deployed on narrow bandwidths, such as 180 kHz or 200 kHz.
• GSM Global System for Mobile Communications
• FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment of a portion of an LTE spectrum including a reduced-bandwidth region between two carrier bandwidths.
• Portion 200 of an LTE spectrum 210 includes a first bandwidth 220 accommodating LTE communication 225 for a first carrier, and includes a second bandwidth 230 accommodating LTE communication 235 for a second carrier.
• Reduced-bandwidth region 240 separates first bandwidth 220 and second bandwidth 230.
• Reduced-bandwidth region 240 may be at least 180 kHz or 200 kHz, and may accordingly accommodate NB-LTE UE devices (such as CIoT / MTC devices 130).
• a reduced-bandwidth region may be deployed on an LTE guard-band (utilizing unused resource blocks within an LTE carrier), on a GSM band (e.g. on a standalone carrier, for example within spectrum currently being used by GERAN systems as a replacement of one or more GSM carriers), or within larger LTE system bandwidths (utilizing resource blocks within a normal LTE carrier, e.g. in-band within an LTE system bandwidth).
• reduced-bandwidth region 240 may be a guard-band accommodating LTE communication 245 for an NB-LTE carrier.
• FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment of an eNB and an embodiment of a UE.
• Fig. 3 includes block diagrams of an eNB 310 and a UE 330 which are operable to co-exist with each other and other elements of an LTE network.
• High-level, simplified architectures of eNB 310 and UE 330 are described so as not to obscure the embodiments.
• eNB 310 may be a stationary non-mobile device.
• eNB 310 is coupled to one or more antennas 305, and UE 330 is similarly coupled to one or more antennas 325.
• eNB 310 may incorporate or comprise antennas 305, and UE 330 in various embodiments may incorporate or comprise antennas 325.
• eNB 310 may include a physical layer circuitry 312, a
• MAC media access control
• processor 316 a processor 316
• memory 318 a hardware processing circuitry 320.
• hardware processing circuitry 320 A person skilled in the art will appreciate that other components not shown may be used in addition to the components shown to form a complete eNB.
• physical layer circuitry 312 includes a transceiver 313 for providing signals to and from UE 330.
• Transceiver 313 provides signals to and from UEs or other devices using antennas 305.
• MAC circuitry 314 controls access to the wireless medium.
• Hardware processing circuitry 320 may comprise logic devices or circuitry to perform various operations.
• processor 316 and memory 318 may be arranged to perform the operations of hardware processing circuitry 320, such as operations described herein with reference to logic devices and circuitry within eNB 310.
• antennas 305 coupled to eNB 310 may comprise one or more directional or omni-directional antennas, including monopole antennas, dipole antennas, loop antennas, patch antennas, microstrip antennas, coplanar wave antennas, or other types of antennas suitable for transmission of RF signals.
• antennas 305 are separated to take advantage of spatial diversity.
• Fig. 3 also includes a block diagram of an UE 330.
• UE 330 In some embodiments,
• UE 330 may include a physical layer circuitry 332, a MAC circuitry 334, a processor 336, a memory 338, and a hardware processing circuitry 340.
• UE 330 may include an application processor, a memory, one or more antennas, a wireless interface for allowing the application processor to communicate with another device, and a touch-screen display.
• a person skilled in the art would appreciate that other components not shown may be used in addition to the components shown to form a complete UE.
• physical layer circuitry 332 includes a transceiver 333 for providing signals to and from eNB 310 (as well as other eNBs). Transceiver 333 provides signals to and from eNBs or other devices using one or more antennas 325.
• MAC circuitry 334 controls access to the wireless medium.
• Hardware processing circuitry 340 may comprise logic devices or circuitry to perform various operations. In some embodiments, processor 336 and memory 338 may be arranged to perform the operations of hardware processing circuitry 340, such as operations described herein with reference to logic devices and circuitry within UE 330.
• antennas 325 coupled to UE 330 may comprise one or more directional or omnidirectional antennas, including monopole antennas, dipole antennas, loop antennas, patch antennas, microstrip antennas, coplanar wave antennas, or other types of antennas suitable for transmission of Radio Frequency (RF) signals.
• antennas 325 are separated to take advantage of spatial diversity.
• FIG. 7 and 9 also depict embodiments of UEs, and the embodiments of UEs described with respect to Fig. 3 and Figs. 7 and 9 can operate or function in the manner of UEs described with respect to any of the figures.
• eNB 310 and UE 330 are each described as having several separate functional elements, one or more of the functional elements may be combined, or may be implemented by a combination of software-configured elements and/or other hardware elements.
• the functional elements can refer to one or more processes operating on one or more processing elements. Examples of software and/or hardware configured elements include Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), one or more microprocessors, DSPs, Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFICs), and so on.
• DSPs Digital Signal Processors
• FPGAs Field-Programmable Gate Arrays
• ASICs Application Specific Integrated Circuits
• RFICs Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits
• eNB 310 and UE 330 are operable to communicate with each other on a network, such as a wireless network. More specifically, eNB 310 and UE 330 may be in communication with each other over a wireless communication channel 350, which has both a downlink path from eNB 310 to UE 330 and an uplink path from UE 330 to eNB 310.
• Fig. 4 illustrates an embodiment of a state diagram for a UE, along with trigger conditions causing a state change from Normal mode to Enhanced Coverage (EC) mode, and cell selection / reselection mechanisms that may be used in EC mode.
• UE state diagram 400 includes a normal mode 410 and an EC mode 450.
• a UE operating in compliance with state diagram 400 may make a transition 430 from normal mode 410 to EC mode 450 under certain conditions, and may make a transition 470 from EC mode 450 back to normal mode 410 under other conditions.
• UE 330 (or another a compliant UE) may make transition 430 from normal mode 410 to EC mode 450 upon a predetermined trigger condition 431.
• normal mode may be synonymous with "non-EC mode.”
• a UE in normal mode 410 may be a UE operating under normal coverage as opposed to enhanced coverage, and may be operating without EC techniques to enhance LTE coverage (as defined in Release 13 of the 3GPP specifications, for example).
• normal mode 410 and EC mode 450 may be logical modes of operation, and may be distinct from RRC states (such as RRC Idle and RRC_Connected).
• a UE might be in EC mode 450 either while being in the RRC_Connected state, or while being in the RRC_Idle state; and similarly, a UE might transition between normal mode 410 and EC mode 450 either while being in the RRC_Connected state, or while being in the RRC_Idle state.
• Fig. 5 illustrates an embodiment of trigger conditions causing a state change from Normal mode to EC mode.
• these trigger conditions are conditions that a UE may use to identify when to enter EC mode.
• trigger condition 431 may include the occurrence of one or more triggers.
• Trigger condition 431 may include a network-initiated trigger 435, under which eNB 310 (or another compliant eNB) may indicate to UE 330 to begin using EC.
• UE 330 may receive a message from eNB 310 to use a particular EC level, to change an EC level being used, or to enter an EC mode.
• eNB 310 may indicate to multiple UEs to begin using EC (e.g., eNB messaging to begin using EC may be either unicast or broadcast).
• Network-initiated trigger 435 may also provide various further information to UE 330 regarding EC mode mechanisms, such as an expected number of repetitions of an eNB transmission, or a periodicity or other pattern over time or frequency (as discussed further below).
• eNB 310 may use Radio Resource Control (RRC) signaling for network- initiated trigger 435.
• RRC signaling for network-initiated trigger 435 could include information broadcast in a Master Information Block (MIB), information broadcast in a System Information Block (SIB), paging information, or Downlink Control Information (DCI).
• MIB Master Information Block
• SIB System Information Block
• DCI Downlink Control Information
• RRC signaling may include an RRC Release message, an RRC Connection Reconfiguration message, an RRC Connection Setup message, a UE Capability Information message, or a new message.
• RRC signaling may also be used by a UE already operating in EC mode, and may change an associated EC configuration, EC level, or other EC-related parameter or information for the UE.
• Trigger condition 431 may also include a UE-initiated trigger 440, under which UE 330 may determine that cell selection or reselection is not possible to complete under legacy criteria, but might be possible under other criteria. For example, UE 330 may determine that cell selection or reselection might be possible under an updated S criteria based on the EC level. In some embodiments, UE 330 may determine that cell selection might be possible under another criteria or formula based upon the EC level, RSRP, RSRQ, and/or Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI).
• RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator
• UE 330 may determine that cell selection might be possible using a Cell-Specific Reference Signal (CRS) Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR). In some embodiments, UE 330 may determine that cell selection might be possible by counting the number reference signals, or the number of repetitions of a predetermined sequence of reference signals in order to decode the sequence. In such embodiments, the known sequences may include a Primary
• PSS Synchronization Signal
• SSS Secondary Synchronization Signal
• MIB MIB / SIB sequence
• Trigger condition 431 may also include a UE-initiated trigger 445, under which UE 330 may determine that normal reception is not possible, but reception of repeated transmissions or sequences may be possible.
• UE 330 may not be able to receive System Information (SI) based on normal reception for a certain time period, but - may be able to decode a predetermined number of SI messages or a predetermined number of sequences of SI messages (e.g., one or more SIB1 messages, or one or more sequences of an SIB 1 message and an SIB2 message).
• SI System Information
• UE 330 may not be able to receive M1B based on normal reception for a certain time period, but may be able to decode a predetermined number of IB messages. Similarly, in some embodiments, UE 330 may not be able to receive PSS / SSS sequences based on normal reception for a certain time period, but -may be able to decode a predetermined number of PSS messages, SSS messages, or sequence of PSS and SSS messages.
• UE 330 may determine an EC level based on the number of repetitions required until a successful Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) for the underlying message or sequence of messages. Alternatively, in some embodiments, UE 330 may determine an EC level based on the use of a maximum number of repetitions.
• CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
• UE 330 may determine whether UE measurements are in a range of that has been predetermined as being reliable for the EC level.
• the predetermined reliable-measurement range may depend on differing conditions, such as a mobility of UE 330 (e.g. stationary, low, medium, or high), or a configured maximum EC level supported by the cell, or a characteristic of UE 330 such as the number or configuration of antennas.
• UE 330 may measure a parameter of a CRS received by the UE. For example, UE 330 may use UE measurements (such as RSRP and/or RSRQ) in cell selection under legacy mechanisms.
• the CRS used by UE 330 could be a CRS based on an LTE reference signal, or another cell-specific reference signal based on another reference signal design, or a synchronization signal.
• UE 330 may use updated UE measurements to increase accuracy to satisfy legacy requirements, such as by taking measurements over a longer time, or by increasing the amount of measurement samples taken within a time period, or other means.
• fallback mechanism 451 may include one or more mechanisms.
• fallback mechanism 451 may include a fallback message decode 455, under which UE 330 may decode a transmission from eNB 310 such as an MIB message, an SIB message (like SIB 1 ), a PSS transmission, and/or an SSS transmission. The decoding of the transmission may serve to determine that UE 330 can select or reselect the cell for eNB 31 0 at the EC level targeted for its cell.
• fallback mechanism 451 may include a fallback message decode 460, under which UE 330 may decode a predetermined number of transmissions from eNB 310, such as a predetermined number of MIB messages, SIB messages, PSS transmissions, and/or SSS transmissions. In such embodiments, UE 330 may determine an EC level based on the number of repetitions required before successful decode of the predetermined number of transmissions.
• a fallback message decode 460 under which UE 330 may decode a predetermined number of transmissions from eNB 310, such as a predetermined number of MIB messages, SIB messages, PSS transmissions, and/or SSS transmissions.
• UE 330 may determine an EC level based on the number of repetitions required before successful decode of the predetermined number of transmissions.
• fallback mechanism 451 may include a fallback message decode 465, under which UE 330 may either decode one transmission from eNB 310 (as under fallback message decode 455), or a predetermined number of transmissions from eNB 310 (as under fallback message decode 460), and may use the decode performed in either case to estimate RSRP and/or RSRQ more accurately in order to meet the UE requirements.
• Fallback message decode 465 may be advantageous in situations in which UE 310 already has information about its EC level.
• FIG. 7 illustrates an embodiment of hardware processing circuitry for a UE.
• UE 330 may include hardware processing circuitry 700.
• Hardware processing circuitry 700 may comprise logic devices or circuitry to perform various operations.
• processor 336 and memory 338 may be arranged to perform the operations of hardware processing circuitry 700, such as operations described herein with reference to logic devices and circuitry within UE 330.
• one or more functional elements of hardware processing circuitry 700 may be implemented by combinations of software-configured elements and/or other hardware elements.
• Antenna 705 may be operable to receive transmissions from an eNB, including Cell-Specific Reference Signal (CRS) and messages, and place them on received transmission path 707.
• EC level reliability indicator 709 may be operable to indicate whether UE measurements are in a range that has been predetermined as being reliable for the EC level.
• EC mode trigger indicator 708 may be operable to be asserted upon the occurrence of a predetermined trigger condition.
• the predetermined trigger condition may be the receipt of a message from the eNB instructing UE 330 to enter an EC mode.
• the trigger condition may be a determination by UE 330 that an S criteria has been satisfied.
• the trigger condition may be a determination by UE 330 that a predetermined number of predetermined messages from the eNB have been decoded.
• First set of logic devices 710 may be operable to measure a parameter of a
• UE 330 may use UE measurements (for example, RSRP and RSRQ) in cell selection, under legacy mechanisms. Alternatively, UE 330 may use updated UE measurements to increase accuracy to satisfy legacy requirements, such as by taking measurements over a longer time, or increasing the amount of measurement samples taken within a time period, or other means.
• UE measurements for example, RSRP and RSRQ
• UE 330 may use updated UE measurements to increase accuracy to satisfy legacy requirements, such as by taking measurements over a longer time, or increasing the amount of measurement samples taken within a time period, or other means.
• Second set of logic devices 720 may be operable to monitor for successful decoding of a message bearing SI received by UE 330, when EC mode trigger indicator 708 is asserted while EC level reliability indicator 709 is de-asserted. In some embodiments, second set of logic devices 720 may be operable to monitor for a successful decoding of a transmission such as an MIB, an SIB, a PSS, or an SSS. In some embodiments, second set of logic devices 720 may be operable to monitor for a predetermined number of successful decodings of a transmission such as an MIB, an SIB, a PSS, or an SSS.
• second set of logic devices 720 may assert a successful decode indicator 722 to first set of logic devices 710.
• First set of logic devices 710 may then, upon an assertion of required decode indicator 722, be operable to estimate RSRP, RSRQ, or both based in part upon successful decode indicator 722.
• hardware processing circuitry 700 may include an antenna 705, a triggering circuitry 730, a measuring circuitry 740, a decoding circuitry 750, a received transmission path 707, an EC mode trigger indicator 708, and an EC level reliability indicator 709.
• Antenna 705 may be operable to receive transmissions from an eNB, such as a CRS transmitted by an eNB, or a message transmitted by an eNB, and place them on received transmission path 707.
• EC level reliability indicator 709 may be operable to indicate whether UE measurements are in a range that has been predetermined as being reliable for the EC level.
• Triggering circuitry 730 may be initiated based upon the occurrence of a predetermined trigger condition. In some embodiments, triggering circuitry 730 may be initiated based upon a message received from an eNB instructing UE 330 to enter an EC mode. In some embodiments, triggering circuitry 730 may be initiated based upon UE 330 determining that a Cell Selection criteria (S criteria) has been satisfied. In some
• triggering circuitry 730 may be initiated based upon decoding circuitry 750 decoding a predetermined number of predetermined messages from an eNB.
• triggering circuitry 730 may be operable to initiate measuring circuitry 740 when EC level reliability indicator 709 is asserted, and may be operable to initiate decoding circuitry 750 when EC level reliability indicator 709 is de- asserted.
• Measuring circuitry 740 may be operable, once initiated, to measure a parameter of a CRS received by antenna 705.
• Decoding circuitry 750 may be operable, once initiated, to decode a transmission placed on received transmission path 707. In some embodiments, decoding circuitry 750 may be operable to monitor for successful decoding of a transmission such as an MIB, an SIB, a PSS, or an SSS. In some embodiments, decoding circuitry 750 may be operable to monitor for a predetermined number of successful decodings of a transmission such as an MIB, an SIB, a PSS, or an SSS. In such embodiments, decoding circuitry 750 may assert a successful decode indicator 722. In some embodiments, hardware processing circuitry 700 may include an estimating circuitry operable to estimate RSRP, RSRQ, or both based in part upon successful decode indicator 722.
• Fig. 8 illustrates an embodiment of a method for triggering a state change from Normal mode to EC mode and for using a fallback mechanism to select or reselect cells in EC mode.
• the actions in the flowchart with reference to Fig. 8 are shown in a particular order, the order of the actions can be modified. Thus, unless otherwise indicated, the illustrated actions can be performed in a different order, and some actions may be performed in parallel. Some of the actions listed in Fig. 8 may be optional in accordance with certain embodiments. The numbering of the illustrated actions is for the sake of clarity and is not intended to prescribe an order of operations in which the various actions must occur. Additionally, operations from the various flows may be utilized in a variety of combinations. [0066] With reference to Fig.
• a method 800 may include a receiving 810 of a transmission from an eNB, an establishing 820 of an EC trigger, a determining 830 of an EC level reliability, a measuring 840 of a CRS parameter, a decoding 850 of a message, a monitoring 862 for successful decode of a message, a monitoring 864 for a predetermined number of successful decodes of a message, and an estimating 866 of RSRP and/or RSRQ.
• At least one of a CRS or a message transmitted by eNB 310 may be received at UE 330 (or another UE).
• an EC trigger may be established upon observing a predetermined event.
• the predetermined event may be the receipt of a message from eNB 310 instructing UE 330 to enter an EC mode.
• the predetermined event may be a determination by UE 330 that an S criteria has been satisfied.
• the predetermined event may be a decoding by UE 330 of a predetermined number of predetermined messages from eNB 310.
• an EC level may be determined to be reliable or unreliable. If the EC level has been determined to be reliable, then in measuring 840, a parameter of a CRS transmitted by eNB 310 may be measured. Otherwise, if the EC level has been determined to be unreliable, then in decoding 850, a message transmitted by eNB 310 may be decoded.
• UE 330 may monitor for a successful decoding of an MIB, an SIB, a PSS, and/or an SSS message.
• UE 330 may monitor for a predetermined number of successful decodings of an MIB, an SIB, a PSS, and/or an SSS message.
• UE 330 may estimate RSRP and/or RSRQ based in part upon a successful decoding of a transmission in monitoring 862, or based in part upon a predetermined number of successful decodings of a transmission in monitoring 864.
• FIG. 9 illustrates, for one embodiment, example components of a UE device
• the UE device 900 may include application circuitry 902, baseband circuitry 904, Radio Frequency (RF) circuitry 906, front-end module (FEM) circuitry 908, a low-power wake-up receiver (LP-WUR) 950, and one or more antennas 910, coupled together at least as shown.
• the UE device 900 may include additional elements such as, for example, memory/storage, display, camera, sensor, and/or input/output (I/O) interface.
• the application circuitry 902 may include one or more application processors.
• the application circuitry 902 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors.
• the processor(s) may include any combination of general-purpose processors and dedicated processors (e.g., graphics processors, application processors, etc.).
• the processors may be coupled with and/or may include memory/storage and may be configured to execute instructions stored in the memory/storage to enable various applications and/or operating systems to run on the system.
• the baseband circuitry 904 may include circuitry such as, but not limited to, one or more single-core or multi-core processors.
• the baseband circuitry 904 may include one or more baseband processors and/or control logic to process baseband signals received from a receive signal path of the RF circuitry 906 and to generate baseband signals for a transmit signal path of the RF circuitry 906.
• Baseband processing circuity 904 may interface with the application circuitry 902 for generation and processing of the baseband signals and for controlling operations of the RF circuitry 906.
• the baseband circuitry 904 may include a second generation (2G) baseband processor 904a, third generation (3G) baseband processor 904b, fourth generation (4G) baseband processor 904c, and/or other baseband processor(s) 904d for other existing generations, generations in development or to be developed in the future (e.g., fifth generation (5G), 6G, etc.).
• the baseband circuitry 904 e.g., one or more of baseband processors 904a-d
• the radio control functions may include, but are not limited to, signal modulation/demodulation, encoding/decoding, radio frequency shifting, etc.
• modulation/demodulation circuitry of the baseband circuitry 904 may include Fast-Fourier Transform (FFT), precoding, and/or constellation mapping/demapping functionality.
• FFT Fast-Fourier Transform
• encoding decoding circuitry of the baseband circuitry 904 may include convolution, tail-biting convolution, turbo, Viterbi, and/or Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) encoder/decoder functionality.
• LDPC Low Density Parity Check
• modulation/demodulation and encoder/decoder functionality are not limited to these examples and may include other suitable functionality in other embodiments.
• the baseband circuitry 904 may include elements of a protocol stack such as, for example, elements of an EUTRAN protocol including, for example, physical (PHY), media access control (MAC), radio link control (RLC), packet data convergence protocol (PDCP), and/or RRC elements.
• a central processing unit (CPU) 904e of the baseband circuitry 904 may be configured to run elements of the protocol stack for signaling of the PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP and/or RRC layers.
• the baseband circuitry may include one or more audio digital signal processor(s) (DSP) 904f.
• DSP audio digital signal processor
• the audio DSP(s) 904f may be include elements for compression/decompression and echo cancellation and may include other suitable processing elements in other embodiments.
• Components of the baseband circuitry may be suitably combined in a single chip, a single chipset, or disposed on a same circuit board in some embodiments.
• some or all of the constituent components of the baseband circuitry 904 and the application circuitry 902 may be implemented together such as, for example, on a system on a chip (SOC).
• SOC system on a chip
• the baseband circuitry 904 may provide for communication compatible with one or more radio technologies.
• the baseband circuitry 904 may support communication with an evolved universal terrestrial radio access network (EUTRAN) and/or other wireless metropolitan area networks (WMAN), a wireless local area network (WLAN), a wireless personal area network (WPAN).
• EUTRAN evolved universal terrestrial radio access network
• WMAN wireless metropolitan area networks
• WLAN wireless local area network
• WPAN wireless personal area network
• multi-mode baseband circuitry Embodiments in which the baseband circuitry 904 is configured to support radio communications of more than one wireless protocol.
• RP circuitry 906 may enable communication with wireless networks using modulated electromagnetic radiation through a non-solid medium.
• the RP circuitry 906 may include switches, filters, amplifiers, etc. to facilitate the communication with the wireless network.
• RP circuitry 906 may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry to down-convert RP signals received from the FEM circuitry 908 and provide baseband signals to the baseband circuitry 904.
• RP circuitry 906 may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry to up-convert baseband signals provided by the baseband circuitry 904 and provide RP output signals to the FEM circuitry 908 for transmission.
• the RP circuitry 906 may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path.
• the receive signal path of the RP circuitry 906 may include mixer circuitry 906a, amplifier circuitry 906b and filter circuitry 906c.
• the transmit signal path of the RP circuitry 906 may include filter circuitry 906c and mixer circuitry 906a.
• RP circuitry 906 may also include synthesizer circuitry 906d for synthesizing a frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 906a of the receive signal path and the transmit signal path.
• the mixer circuitry 906a of the receive signal path may be configured to down- convert RP signals received from the FEM circuitry 908 based on the synthesized frequency provided by synthesizer circuitry 906d.
• the amplifier circuitry 906b may be configured to amplify the down-converted signals and the filter circuitry 906c may be a low-pass filter (LPF) or band-pass filter (BPF) configured to remove unwanted signals from the down- converted signals to generate output baseband signals.
• LPF low-pass filter
• BPF band-pass filter
• Output baseband signals may be provided to the baseband circuitry 904 for further processing.
• the output baseband signals may be zero-frequency baseband signals, although this is not a requirement.
• mixer circuitry 906a of the receive signal path may comprise passive mixers, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
• the mixer circuitry 906a of the transmit signal path may be configured to up-convert input baseband signals based on the synthesized frequency provided by the synthesizer circuitry 906d to generate RF output signals for the FEM circuitry 908.
• the baseband signals may be provided by the baseband circuitry 904 and may be filtered by filter circuitry 906c.
• the filter circuitry 906c may include a low-pass filter (LPF), although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
• the mixer circuitry 906a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 906a of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for quadrature downconversion and/or upconversion respectively.
• the mixer circuitry 906a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 906a of the transmit signal path may include two or more mixers and may be arranged for image rejection (e.g., Hartley image rejection).
• the mixer circuitry 906a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 906a may be arranged for direct
• the mixer circuitry 906a of the receive signal path and the mixer circuitry 906a of the transmit signal path may be configured for super-heterodyne operation.
• the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be analog baseband signals, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
• the output baseband signals and the input baseband signals may be digital baseband signals.
• the RF circuitry 906 may include analog-to-digital converter (ADC) and digital-to-analog converter (DAC) circuitry and the baseband circuitry 904 may include a digital baseband interface to communicate with the RF circuitry 906.
• ADC analog-to-digital converter
• DAC digital-to-analog converter
• the baseband circuitry 904 may include a digital baseband interface to communicate with the RF circuitry 906.
• a separate radio IC circuitry may be provided for processing signals for each spectrum, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect.
• the synthesizer circuitry 906d may be a fractional-N synthesizer or a fractional N/N+l synthesizer, although the scope of the embodiments is not limited in this respect as other types of frequency synthesizers may be suitable.
• synthesizer circuitry 906d may be a delta-sigma synthesizer, a frequency multiplier, or a synthesizer comprising a phase-locked loop with a frequency divider.
• the synthesizer circuitry 906d may be configured to synthesize an output frequency for use by the mixer circuitry 906a of the RF circuitry 906 based on a frequency input and a divider control input.
• the synthesizer circuitry 906d may be a fractional N/N+l synthesizer.
• frequency input may be provided by a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO), although that is not a requirement.
• VCO voltage controlled oscillator
• Divider control input may be provided by either the baseband circuitry 904 or the applications processor 902 depending on the desired output frequency.
• a divider control input (e.g., N) may be determined from a look-up table based on a channel indicated by the applications processor 902.
• Synthesizer circuitry 906d of the RF circuitry 906 may include a divider, a delay-locked loop (DLL), a multiplexer and a phase accumulator.
• the divider may be a dual modulus divider (DMD) and the phase accumulator may be a digital phase accumulator (DP A).
• the DMD may be configured to divide the input signal by either N or +1 (e.g., based on a carry out) to provide a fractional division ratio.
• the DLL may include a set of cascaded, tunable, delay elements, a phase detector, a charge pump and a D-type flip-flop.
• the delay elements may be configured to break a VCO period up into Nd equal packets of phase, where Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line.
• Nd is the number of delay elements in the delay line.
• synthesizer circuitry 906d may be configured to generate a carrier frequency as the output frequency, while in other embodiments, the output frequency may be a multiple of the carrier frequency (e.g., twice the carrier frequency, four times the carrier frequency) and used in conjunction with quadrature generator and divider circuitry to generate multiple signals at the carrier frequency with multiple different phases with respect to each other.
• the output frequency may be a LO frequency (fLO).
• the RF circuitry 906 may include an IQ/polar converter.
• FEM circuitry 908 may include a receive signal path which may include circuitry configured to operate on RF signals received from one or more antennas 910, amplify the received signals and provide the amplified versions of the received signals to the RF circuitry 906 for further processing.
• FEM circuitry 908 may also include a transmit signal path which may include circuitry configured to amplify signals for transmission provided by the RF circuitry 906 for transmission by one or more of the one or more antennas 910.
• the FEM circuitry 908 may include a TX/RX switch to switch between transmit mode and receive mode operation.
• the FEM circuitry may include a receive signal path and a transmit signal path.
• the receive signal path of the FEM circuitry may include a low-noise amplifier (LNA) to amplify received RF signals and provide the amplified received RF signals as an output (e.g., to the RF circuitry 906).
• LNA low-noise amplifier
• the transmit signal path of the FEM circuitry 908 may include a power amplifier (PA) to amplify input RF signals (e.g., provided by RF circuitry 906), and one or more filters to generate RF signals for subsequent transmission (e.g., by one or more of the one or more antennas 910).
• PA power amplifier
• the UE 900 comprises a plurality of power saving mechanisms. If the UE 900 is in an RRC_Connected state, where it is still connected to the eNB as it expects to receive traffic shortly, then it may enter a state known as Discontinuous Reception Mode (DRX) after a period of inactivity. During this state, the device may power down for brief intervals of time and thus save power.
• DRX Discontinuous Reception Mode
• RRC_Idle state where it disconnects from the network and does not perform operations such as channel quality feedback, handover, etc.
• the UE 900 goes into a very low power state and it performs paging where again it periodically wakes up to listen to the network and then powers down again.
• the device cannot receive data in this state, in order to receive data, it must transition back to RRC_Connected state.
• An additional power saving mode may allow a device to be unavailable to the network for periods longer than a paging interval (ranging from seconds to a few hours). During this time, the device is totally unreachable to the network and may power down completely. Any data sent during this time incurs a large delay and it is assumed the delay is acceptable.
• Reference in the specification to "an embodiment,” “one embodiment,” “some embodiments,” or “other embodiments” means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments is included in at least some embodiments, but not necessarily all embodiments. The various appearances of "an embodiment,” “one embodiment,” or “some embodiments” are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiments.
• DRAM Dynamic RAM
• Example 1 provides a User Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an UE.
• UE User Equipment
• Evolved Node-B on a network
• the UE including hardware processing circuitry that may comprise an antenna, a first set of logic devices, and a second set of logic devices.
• the antenna may be operable to receive transmissions from the eNB including a Cell-Specific Reference Signal (CRS).
• CRS Cell-Specific Reference Signal
• the first set of logic devices may be operable to measure a parameter of a CRS received by the UE when an Enhanced Coverage (EC) mode trigger indicator is asserted while an EC level reliability indicator is asserted.
• the second set of logic devices may be operable to monitor for successful decoding of a message bearing system information (SI) received by the UE when the EC mode trigger indicator is asserted while the EC level reliability indicator is de-asserted.
• SI message bearing system information
• the UE of example 1, wherein the EC mode trigger indicator may be operable to be asserted upon receipt of a message from the eNB instructing the UE to enter an EC mode.
• example 3 the UE of either of examples 1 or 2, wherein the EC mode trigger indicator may be operable to be asserted upon the UE determining that a Cell Selection criteria (S Criteria) has been satisfied.
• S Criteria Cell Selection criteria
• example 4 the UE of any of examples 1 through 3, wherein the EC mode trigger indicator may be operable to be asserted upon the UE decoding a predetermined number of predetermined transmission from the eNB.
• the UE of any of examples 1 through 4, wherein the second set of logic devices may be operable to monitor for a successful decoding of a transmission selected from at least one of: a Low Complexity / Enhanced Coverage (LC EC) Master Information Block (MIB), an LC EC System Information Block (SIB), a Primary
• LC EC Low Complexity / Enhanced Coverage
• MIB Master Information Block
• SIB System Information Block
• PSS Synchronization Signal
• SSS Secondary Synchronization Signal
• the UE of example 5 wherein the first set of logic devices may be operable to estimate one of a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) based in part upon the successful decoding of the transmission.
• RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
• RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality
• the second set of logic devices may be operable to monitor for a predetermined number of successful decodings of the transmission.
• the UE of example 7, wherein the first set of logic devices may be operable to estimate one of a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) based in part upon the predetermined number of successful decodings of the transmission.
• RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
• RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality
• Example 9 provides a system comprising a memory, a processor coupled to the memory, and an interface for allowing the processor to communicate with another device, the processor including the eNB of any of examples 1 through 8.
• Example 10 provides a User Equipment (UE) operable to communicate with an Evolved Node-B (eNB) on a network.
• the UE may comprise an antenna, a measuring circuitry, a decoding circuitry, and a triggering circuitry.
• the antenna may be operable to receive a Cell-Specific Reference Signal (CRS) transmitted by the eNB and to receive a message transmitted by the eNB.
• the measuring circuitry may be operable to measure a parameter of the CRS received by the antenna.
• the decoding circuitry may be operable to decode the message received by the antenna.
• the triggering circuitry may be operable to initiate the measuring circuitry when an Enhanced Coverage (EC) level reliability indicator is asserted, and operable to initiate the decoding circuitry when the EC level reliability indicator is de-asserted.
• EC Enhanced Coverage
• example 1 1 the UE of example 10 is provided, wherein the triggering circuitry may be initiated based upon a message received from the eNB instructing the UE to enter an EC mode.
• the UE of either of examples 10 or 1 1 is provided, wherein the triggering circuitry may be initiated based upon the UE determining that a Cell Selection criteria (S criteria) has been satisfied.
• S criteria Cell Selection criteria
• example 13 the UE of any of examples 10 through 12 is provided, wherein the triggering circuitry may be initiated based upon the decoding circuitry decoding a predetermined number of predetermined transmission from the eNB.
• the UE of any of examples 10 through 13 is provided, wherein the decoding circuitry may be operable to monitor for successful decoding of a transmission selected from at least one of: a Low Complexity / Enhanced Coverage (LC EC) Master Information Block (MIB), an LC EC System Information Block (SIB), a Primary
• LC EC Low Complexity / Enhanced Coverage
• MIB Master Information Block
• SIB System Information Block
• PSS Synchronization Signal
• SSS Secondary Synchronization Signal
• the UE of example 14 comprising an estimating circuitry that may be operable to estimate one of a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) based in part upon the successful decoding of the transmission.
• RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
• RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality
• the UE of example 14 is provided, wherein the decoding circuitry may be operable to monitor for a predetermined number of successful decodings of the transmission.
• the UE of example 16 comprising an estimating circuitry that may be operable to estimate one of a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) based in part upon the predetermined number of successful decodings of the transmission.
• RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
• RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality
• the UE of any of examples 10 through 17 is provided, that may comprise an application processor, a memory, one or more antennas, a wireless interface for allowing the application processor to communicate with another device, and a touch-screen display.
• Example 19 provides a system comprising a memory, a processor coupled to the memory, and an interface for allowing the processor to communicate with another device, the processor including the eNB of any of examples 10 through 18.
• Example 20 provides a method performed by an Evolved Node-B (eNB) to communicate with a User Equipment (UE) on a network.
• the method may comprise:
• a User Equipment UE
• CRS Cell-Specific Reference Signal
• eNB Evolved Node-B
• EC Enhanced Coverage
• the method of example 20 is provided, wherein the predetermined event may be the receipt of a message from the eNB instructing the UE to enter an EC mode.
• the method of examples 20 or 21 is provided, wherein the predetermined event may be the UE determining that a Cell Selection criteria (S criteria) has been satisfied.
• S criteria Cell Selection criteria
• the method of examples 20 through 22 is provided, wherein the predetermined event may be the UE decoding a predetermined number of predetermined transmission from the eNB.
• example 24 the method of examples 20 through 23 is provided, having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to perform an operation that may comprise monitoring for a successful decoding of a transmission selected from at least one of: a Low Complexity / Enhanced Coverage (LC/EC) Master Information Block (MIB), an LC/EC System Information Block (SIB), a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), or a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS).
• MIB Low Complexity / Enhanced Coverage
• SIB LC/EC System Information Block
• PSS Primary Synchronization Signal
• SSS Secondary Synchronization Signal
• example 25 the method of example 24 is provided, having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to perform an operation that may comprise estimating one of a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) based in part upon the successful decoding of the transmission.
• RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
• RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality
• example 26 the method of example 24 is provided, having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to perform an operation that may comprise monitoring for a predetermined number of successful decodings of the transmission.
• example 27 the method of example 26 is provided, having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to perform an operation that may comprise estimating one of a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) based in part upon the predetermined number of successful decodings of the transmission.
• RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
• RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality
• Example 28 provides machine readable storage media having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors to perform a method according to any one of examples 20 through 27.
• Example 29 provides machine readable storage media having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause one or more processors to perform an operation comprising: receive, at a User Equipment (UE), at least one of a Cell-Specific Reference Signal (CRS) transmitted by an Evolved Node-B (eNB) and a message transmitted by the eNB; establish an Enhanced Coverage (EC) trigger upon observing a predetermined event; determine whether or an EC level is reliable or unreliable; measure a parameter of the CRS transmitted by the eNB if the EC level is determined to be reliable; and decode the message transmitted by the eNB if the EC level is determined to be unreliable.
• UE User Equipment
• CRS Cell-Specific Reference Signal
• eNB Evolved Node-B
• EC Enhanced Coverage
• the machine readable storage media of example 29 is provided, wherein the predetermined event may be the receipt of a message from the eNB instructing the UE to enter an EC mode.
• the machine readable storage media of either of examples 29 or 30 is provided, wherein the predetermined event may be the UE determining that a Cell Selection criteria (S criteria) has been satisfied.
• S criteria Cell Selection criteria
• the machine readable storage media of any of examples 29 through 31 is provided, wherein the predetermined event may be the UE decoding a predetermined number of predetermined transmission from the eNB.
• the machine readable storage media of any of examples 29 through 32 is provided, having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to perform an operation that may comprise monitoring for a successful decoding of a transmission selected from at least one of: a Low Complexity / Enhanced Coverage (LC EC) Master Information Block (MIB), an LC EC System
• LC EC Low Complexity / Enhanced Coverage
• MIB Master Information Block
• SIB SIB
• PSS Primary Synchronization Signal
• SSS Synchronization Signal
• example 34 the machine readable storage media of example 33 is provided, having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to perform an operation that may comprise estimating one of a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) based in part upon the successful decoding of the transmission.
• RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
• RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality
• example 35 the machine readable storage media of example 33 is provided, having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to perform an operation that may comprise monitoring for a predetermined number of successful decodings of the transmission.
• example 36 the machine readable storage media of example 35 is provided, having machine executable instructions that, when executed, cause the one or more processors to perform an operation that may comprise estimating one of a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) based in part upon the predetermined number of successful decodings of the transmission.
• RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
• RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality
• Example 37 provides an Evolved Node-B (eNB) operable to communicate with a User Equipment (UE) on a network, the eNB including hardware processing circuitry comprising: means for receiving, at a User Equipment (UE), at least one of a Cell-Specific Reference Signal (CRS) transmitted by an Evolved Node-B (eNB) and a message transmitted by the eNB; means for establishing an Enhanced Coverage (EC) trigger upon observing a predetermined event; means for determining whether or an EC level is reliable or unreliable; means for measuring a parameter of the CRS transmitted by the eNB if the EC level is determined to be reliable; and means for decoding the message transmitted by the eNB if the EC level is determined to be unreliable.
• UE User Equipment
• CRS Cell-Specific Reference Signal
• eNB Evolved Node-B
• EC Enhanced Coverage
• the eNB of example 37 is provided, wherein the predetermined event may be the receipt of a message from the eNB instructing the UE to enter an EC mode.
• the eNB of either of examples 37 or 38 is provided, wherein the predetermined event may be the UE determining that a Cell Selection criteria (S criteria) has been satisfied.
• S criteria Cell Selection criteria
• the eNB of any of examples 37 through 39 is provided, wherein the predetermined event may be the UE decoding a predetermined number of predetermined transmission from the eNB.
• the eNB of any of examples 37 through 40 may comprise means for monitoring for a successful decoding of a transmission selected from at least one of: a Low Complexity / Enhanced Coverage (LC/EC) Master Information Block (MIB), an LC/EC System Information Block (SIB), a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), or a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS).
• MIB Low Complexity / Enhanced Coverage
• SIB LC/EC System Information Block
• PSS Primary Synchronization Signal
• SSS Secondary Synchronization Signal
• the eNB of example 41 may comprise means for estimating one of a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) based in part upon the successful decoding of the transmission.
• RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
• RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality
• the eNB of example 41 is provided, which may comprise means for monitoring for a predetermined number of successful decodings of the transmission.
• the eNB of example 43 may comprise means for estimating one of a Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) and a Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) based in part upon the predetermined number of successful decodings of the transmission.
• RSRP Reference Signal Received Power
• RSRQ Reference Signal Received Quality

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• 2015
  • 2015-12-24 WO PCT/US2015/000514 patent/WO2017026986A1/en active Application Filing
  • 2015-12-24 DE DE112015006802.3T patent/DE112015006802T5/de not_active Withdrawn

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