WO2017026249A1 - 受信装置、及び、データ処理方法 - Google Patents
受信装置、及び、データ処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- the present technology relates to a receiving device and a data processing method, and more particularly, to a receiving device and a data processing method capable of efficiently processing time information.
- ATSC Advanced Television Systems Systems Committee
- UDP User Datagram Protocol
- TS Transport Stream
- IP Internet Protocol
- an IP transmission method a method using an IP (Internet protocol) packet including the following (hereinafter referred to as an IP transmission method) will be adopted. Also, it is expected that an IP transmission method will be adopted in the future even in broadcasting methods other than ATSC 3.0.
- PCR Program Clock Reference
- the present technology has been made in view of such a situation, and enables time information to be processed efficiently.
- a receiving device includes a receiving unit that receives a digital broadcast signal of an IP transmission method, and an acquisition unit that acquires time information from a physical layer frame transmitted in a physical layer in the protocol stack of the IP transmission method A conversion unit that converts the acquired time information into the same data format as the data arranged in the payload of the physical layer frame, and the converted time information is converted to a layer higher than the physical layer. And an output unit that outputs to a processing unit that performs predetermined processing related to a certain upper layer.
- the receiving device may be an independent device or an internal block constituting one device.
- a data processing method is a data processing method corresponding to the above-described receiving device according to one aspect of the present technology.
- time information is received from a physical layer frame that is received in a digital broadcast signal of an IP transmission method and transmitted in a physical layer in the protocol stack of the IP transmission method.
- the acquired time information is converted into the same data format as the data arranged in the payload of the physical layer frame, and the converted time information is a higher layer than the physical layer.
- the data is output to a processing unit that performs predetermined processing relating to the layer.
- time information can be processed efficiently.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically showing data transmitted between a demodulation LSI and a main SoC in the case of the receiving apparatus of FIG. 2. It is a flowchart explaining the flow of a time information format conversion output process. It is a figure which shows the structural example of a computer.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of an embodiment of a transmission system to which the present technology is applied.
- the system refers to a logical collection of a plurality of devices.
- the transmission system 1 includes a transmission device 10 and a reception device 20.
- this transmission system 1 data transmission conforming to a digital broadcasting standard employing an IP transmission method such as ATSC 3.0 is performed.
- the transmission device 10 transmits content via the transmission path 30.
- the transmission device 10 transmits a broadcast stream including video, audio, and the like (components thereof) constituting content such as a television program and signaling and a digital broadcast signal via the transmission path 30.
- the receiving device 20 receives and outputs content transmitted from the transmitting device 10 via the transmission path 30.
- the receiving device 20 receives a digital broadcast signal from the transmitting device 10, acquires video and audio (components) constituting the content and signaling from the broadcast stream, and transmits video of content such as a TV program, Play audio.
- the transmission path 30 may be, for example, satellite broadcasting using a broadcasting satellite or a communication satellite, or cable broadcasting (CATV) using a cable, in addition to terrestrial broadcasting.
- CATV cable broadcasting
- FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of the receiving device 20 in FIG.
- the receiving device 20 includes a control unit 201, an RF unit 202, a demodulation unit 203, a processing unit 204, and an output unit 205.
- the control unit 201 controls the operation of each unit of the receiving device 20.
- the RF unit 202 receives a digital broadcast signal via the antenna 211, converts the frequency of an RF (Radio Frequency) signal into an IF (Intermediate Frequency) signal, and supplies the signal to the demodulator 203.
- the RF unit 202 is configured as an RF IC, for example.
- the demodulation unit 203 performs demodulation processing (for example, OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Division Multiplexing) demodulation) on the signal supplied from the RF unit 202. Further, the demodulation unit 203 performs error correction processing on the demodulated signal obtained by the demodulation processing, and supplies a signal obtained as a result of the processing to the processing unit 204. Note that the demodulation unit 203 is configured as a demodulation LSI (Large Scale Integration), for example.
- demodulation processing for example, OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Division Multiplexing) demodulation
- LSI Large Scale Integration
- the processing unit 204 performs processing (for example, decoding processing) on the signal supplied from the demodulation unit 203, and supplies video and audio data obtained as a result of the processing to the output unit 205.
- processing unit 204 is configured as a main SoC (System on chip), for example. That is, the demodulation unit 203 as a demodulation LSI and the processing unit 204 as a main SoC are configured as different chips and are connected via a predetermined interface (for example, a signal line).
- the output unit 205 includes, for example, a display unit and a speaker.
- the display unit displays an image corresponding to the video data supplied from the processing unit 204.
- the speaker outputs sound corresponding to the audio data supplied from the processing unit 204. Note that the output unit 205 may output video or audio data supplied from the processing unit 204 to an external device.
- the receiving device 20 is configured as described above.
- the receiving device 20 is a mobile receiver such as a mobile phone, a smartphone, or a tablet terminal in addition to a fixed receiver such as a television receiver, a set top box (STB), or a recorder. Also good.
- the receiving device 20 may be an in-vehicle device mounted on a vehicle.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a detailed configuration example of the demodulation unit 203 included in the reception device 20 of FIG. In the configuration of the demodulation unit 203 in FIG. 3, for simplification of description, the block that performs processing related to time information transmitted as physical layer signaling is illustrated.
- the demodulation unit 203 includes an FFT trigger estimation unit 231, an FFT unit 232, a channel estimation unit 233, an equalization unit 234, a frequency deinterleaver 235, an L1-Basic extraction unit 236, an L1-Basic processing unit 237, L1.
- the signal (IF signal) from the RF unit 202 is A / D converted, and after DC components are removed, digital quadrature demodulation is performed, and the resulting baseband OFDM signal is output.
- the OFDM signal obtained by this digital orthogonal demodulation is a time domain signal before the FFT operation is performed, and hereinafter, the OFDM signal before the FFT operation is also referred to as an OFDM time domain signal.
- the OFDM time domain signal is a complex signal represented by a complex number including a real axis component (I (In Phase) component) and an imaginary axis component (Q (Quadrature Phase) component) as a result of orthogonal demodulation. .
- the FFT trigger estimation unit 231 obtains an autocorrelation (guard correlation) of the OFDM time domain signal, estimates an FFT trigger indicating the calculation start timing according to the FFT calculation range, and supplies it to the FFT unit 232.
- the FFT unit 232 extracts the OFDM time domain signal (sample value) of the FFT section from the OFDM time domain signal in accordance with the FFT trigger from the FFT trigger estimation unit 231, and is an FFT that is a high-speed calculation of DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform). Perform the operation.
- DFT Discrete Fourier Transform
- the OFDM signal obtained by the FFT calculation of the OFDM time domain signal is a frequency domain signal.
- the OFDM signal after the FFT calculation is also referred to as an OFDM frequency domain signal.
- This OFDM frequency domain signal is supplied to the channel estimation unit 233 and the equalization unit 234.
- the channel estimation unit 233 performs channel estimation for estimating transmission path characteristics that are frequency characteristics of the transmission path 30 through which the OFDM signal has been transmitted, based on an SP (ScatteredatterPilots) signal extracted from the OFDM frequency domain signal. The estimation result is supplied to the equalization unit 234.
- the equalization unit 234 calculates the OFDM frequency domain signal supplied from the FFT unit 232 using the estimated channel characteristic value supplied from the channel estimation unit 233, so that the OFDM signal is received by the transmission channel 30. Distortion correction for correcting distortion is performed as an equalization process. The OFDM frequency domain signal after distortion correction is supplied to the frequency deinterleaver 235.
- the frequency deinterleaver 235 performs frequency deinterleaving (Frequency De-Interleave) on the data from the equalization unit 234 and supplies the data to the L1-Basic extraction unit 236 and the L1-Detail extraction unit 239. .
- the preamble constituting the physical layer frame is composed of symbols such as L1-Basic, L1-Detail, and Payload.
- the L1-Basic extraction unit 236 extracts the L1-Basic symbol of the preamble from the data from the frequency deinterleaver 235 and supplies it to the L1-Basic processing unit 237.
- the L1-Basic processing unit 237 performs BICM (Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation) and descrambling processing on the data from the L1-Basic extraction unit 236 and supplies the data to the L1-Basic information extraction unit 238.
- the L1-Basic information extraction unit 238 extracts L1-Basic information from the data from the L1-Basic processing unit 237.
- This L1-Basic information is 200-bit fixed-length data (signaling). Note that L1-Basic information is required to extract L1-Detail information.
- the L1-Detail extraction unit 239 extracts the L1-Detail symbol of the preamble from the data from the frequency deinterleaver 235, and supplies it to the L1-Detail time deinterleaver 240.
- the L1-Detail time deinterleaver 240 performs time deinterleaving (Time De-Interleave) on the data from the L1-Detail extraction unit 239 and supplies the data to the L1-Detail processing unit 241.
- the L1-Detail processing unit 241 performs BICM (Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation) and descrambling processing on the data from the L1-Detail time deinterleaver 240, and supplies the data to the L1-Detail information extraction unit 242.
- the L1-Detail information extraction unit 242 extracts L1-Detail information from the data from the L1-Detail processing unit 241.
- This L1-Detail information is variable length data (signaling). Also, the L1-Detail information can include time information (and its metadata) indicating the beginning of the preamble or the like in the physical layer frame. The L1-Detail information including this time information is supplied to the time information acquisition unit 243.
- the time information acquisition unit 243 acquires time information included in the L1-Detail information from the L1-Detail information extraction unit 242, and supplies the time information to the time information format conversion unit 244.
- the time information format conversion unit 244 converts the time information from the time information acquisition unit 243 into a predetermined format (the same data format as the data arranged in the payload of the physical layer frame) and obtains data (for example, , A packet including time information) is supplied to the output unit 245.
- the output unit 245 outputs data (for example, a packet including time information) from the time information format conversion unit 244 to the processing unit 204 via a predetermined interface (for example, a signal line) at a predetermined timing.
- a predetermined interface for example, a signal line
- FIG. 5 shows a configuration of the modulation unit 101 of the transmission device 10 corresponding to the demodulation unit 203 of the reception device 20 shown in FIG.
- the L1-Basic information generated by the L1 signaling generation unit 131 is processed by the L1-Basic processing unit 132 and supplied to the preamble configuration unit 135.
- the L1-Detail information generated by the L1 signaling generation unit 131 is processed by the L1-Detail processing unit 133, is time-interleaved by the L1-Detail time interleaver 134, and is supplied to the preamble configuration unit 135.
- this L1-Detail information can include time information (and its metadata).
- a preamble is configured from L1-Basic information and L1-Detail information.
- the preamble configured by the preamble configuration unit 135 is frequency interleaved by a frequency interleaver 136, and an SP (Scattered Pilots) signal, a CP (Continual Pilots) signal, and the like are inserted by a pilot signal insertion unit 137, and an IFFT unit The IFFT operation is performed by 138 and supplied to the GI insertion unit 139. Then, a guard interval (GI: Guard ⁇ interval) is inserted by the GI insertion unit 139, and a digital broadcast signal including a signal obtained thereby is transmitted via the transmission path 30.
- GI Guard ⁇ interval
- time information indicating the head of a preamble or the like in a physical layer frame is transmitted as physical layer signaling.
- This time information represents an absolute time (absolute time) at a predetermined position (time reference point) in the physical layer frame stream.
- the time at a predetermined position in the stream is a time at a predetermined timing during which the bit at the predetermined position is being processed by the transmission apparatus 10.
- the predetermined timing time during which the bit at the predetermined position is predetermined by the transmission apparatus 10 for example, the timing time when the bit at the predetermined position is output from a certain block of the transmission apparatus 10
- PTP Precision Time Protocol
- PTP is information representing an 80-bit time defined in IEEE 1588-2008.
- the time information is not limited to PTP, and any time information such as time information defined by a predetermined standard or other time information in a uniquely determined format can be employed.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram for explaining a time reference point in a physical layer frame.
- the time direction is the direction from the left side to the right side in the figure.
- each physical layer frame is composed of a bootstrap, a preamble, and a payload.
- the interval (cycle) between the physical layer frames is constant.
- Time information such as PTP is arranged in preamble signaling.
- time information (PTP) arranged in the preamble is a time reference point P indicating the head of the preamble.
- time information (PTP) arranged in the preamble (signaling) of the first physical layer frame indicates the start time reference point P of the preamble of the first physical layer frame.
- time information (PTP) arranged in each preamble (signaling thereof) indicates a time reference point P at the head of the preamble.
- ALP ATSC Link-layer Protocol
- IP / UDP packet In the payload, data stored in ALP (ATSC Link-layer Protocol) packet or IP / UDP packet is placed.
- the ALP packet is a layer 2 (L2) transmission packet (L2 Packet), and an IP / UDP packet is arranged in its payload.
- Video, audio, signaling data, and the like are arranged in the payload of the IP / UDP packet.
- the position indicated by the time reference point P corresponding to the time information is not limited to the beginning of the preamble shown in FIG. 6, and for example, the beginning of the bootstrap, the beginning of the payload, or the insertion location of the time information As long as it is a position that can be a reference point of time (a position that becomes a break in data), it may point to another position.
- the time information insertion location is a position in the preamble.
- FIG. 7 shows an example of the time reference point P.
- the time information (PTP) arranged in the preamble (signaling) of the first physical layer frame includes the boot time reference point P1 in addition to the first time reference point P1 of the preamble of the first physical layer frame.
- the time reference point P2 at the beginning of the strap, the time reference point P3 at the beginning of the payload, or the time reference point P4 at the time information insertion point may be indicated.
- the time information (PTP) arranged in each preamble is the time of the preamble head, bootstrap head, payload head, or time information insertion location.
- Reference point P P1, P2, P3, or P4 in FIG. 7 is shown.
- the signaling including the time information is arranged in the preamble.
- the signaling may be arranged in the bootstrap or the like.
- signaling time information (PTP) arranged in the bootstrap can indicate the time reference point P2 at the head of the bootstrap.
- time information may be included in other signaling as well as L1 signaling.
- time information is not limited to PTP, and information indicating other times such as UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) may be used.
- time information (for example, PTP or UTC) indicating the time reference point P at the beginning of the preamble, the bootstrap head, the payload head, or the time information insertion point.
- time information for example, PTP or UTC
- FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of time information transmitted in the physical layer.
- the time information transmitted as physical layer signaling can be, for example, 80-bit PTP (Precision Time Protocol).
- PTP Precision Time Protocol
- 32-bit UTC metadata can be added to the time information (PTP).
- FIG. 9 shows a configuration example of PTP defined by IEEE 1588-2008. As shown in FIG. 9, among the 80 bits representing the PTP time, 48 bits represent the time in seconds, and the remaining 32 bits represent the time in nanoseconds. Therefore, the time information defined by PTP is sufficiently accurate as the time information included in the physical layer frame, and can represent an accurate time.
- the PTP is composed of a 48-bit second field and a 32-bit nanosecond field. However, it is not necessary to use all of these fields, and bits to be used as necessary. May be reduced to reduce the accuracy of PTP. That is, according to the PTP, it is possible to express a very accurate time, but when performing a broadcast service in the transmission system 1 of FIG. It is not efficient because it squeezes the transmission band.
- the 80-bit PTP is time information that is accurate enough for broadcast service provision, and even if the amount of PTP information is reduced to some extent, the broadcast service provision can be sufficiently maintained. Therefore, in the transmission system 1 of FIG. 1, it is possible to transmit PTP as time information while reducing the amount of information.
- a method of reducing the information amount of PTP for example, there is a method of compressing PTP.
- the upper 2 bits are always 0, so the 19-bit or 27-bit nanosecond field with the lower 13 bits or 5 bits deleted is further Two bits can be removed, resulting in a 17-bit or 25-bit nanosecond field.
- UTC metadata structure In addition, the UTC metadata includes offset information such as information for presentation synchronization of transmission media such as video and audio. Whether or not UTC metadata is added to time information (PTP) is arbitrary.
- FIG. 10 illustrates the syntax of UTC metadata.
- PTP_UTC_OFFSET is offset information of PTP and UTC (Coordinated Universal Time). With PTP_UTC_OFFSET, the time difference between PTP and UTC can be specified in seconds.
- UTC Coordinated Universal Time
- UT1 Universal Time
- TAI International Atomic Time
- 2-bit LEAP_SECOND_FLAG is a flag for processing related to leap second. Of the two flags represented by 2-bit LEAP_SECOND_FLAG, one LEAP_SECOND_FLAG [0] is a flag indicating the time when a leap second occurs.
- the other LEAP_SECOND_FLAG [1] is a flag indicating insertion or deletion of leap seconds. For example, when “0” is set as LEAP_SECOND_FLAG [1], it indicates that a leap second is inserted (+1 second). For example, when “1” is set as LEAP_SECOND_FLAG [1], it indicates that the leap second is deleted ( ⁇ 1 second).
- FIG. 11 is a diagram showing an example of adjusting the time when a leap second is inserted (+1 second) at the time indicated by UTC.
- the time direction is from the left to the right in the figure.
- the numbers in the squares (for example, “25” and “26”) represent the time difference in seconds between PTP and UTC set by PTP_UTC_OFFSET.
- LEAP_SECOND_FLAG [0] represents the occurrence time of the leap second.
- the leap second adjustment process is performed one day before (24 hours before) when the leap second is inserted (+1 second). I have been informed.
- LEAP_SECOND_FLAG [1] represents insertion or deletion of leap seconds. In this example, since leap second insertion (+1 second) is performed, “0” is set as LEAP_SECOND_FLAG [1]. .
- FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating an example of adjusting the time when the leap second is deleted ( ⁇ 1 second) from the time indicated by UTC.
- the media time (Media time) corresponding to UTC is now 6/30.
- the time difference between PTP and UTC is 25 seconds, and it is not yet one day before (24 hours before) the leap second adjustment process is performed, so LEAP_SECOND_FLAG [0] Is set to "0".
- LEAP_SECOND_FLAG [0] and LEAP_SECOND_FLAG [1] Changes from "0" to "1".
- the receiving apparatus 20 is notified that the leap second adjustment process is performed within 24 hours.
- the reception device 20 has been described as being notified that the leap second adjustment process is performed one day ago (24 hours ago). This notification can be performed at an arbitrary timing according to the operation, for example, three days ago or half a day ago.
- time information such as PTP is transmitted as signaling in the physical layer, so this time information is transferred to an upper layer that is a layer higher than the physical layer. There is a need to transmit.
- predetermined processing is performed using the time information transmitted in the physical layer.
- the physical layer processing is performed by the demodulation unit 203 configured as a demodulation LSI, and the upper layer processing is performed by the processing unit 204 configured as the main SoC.
- the time information arranged in the physical layer frame is converted into a predetermined data format (format) processed in the upper layer and then supplied to the processing unit 204, whereby the upper layer
- the data format of the time information transmitted to the receiver is unified with the format of data exchanged between the demodulation LSI (demodulation unit 203) and the main SoC (processing unit 204).
- the format of data exchanged between the demodulation LSI (demodulation unit 203) and the main SoC (processing unit 204) is not unified (if only time information becomes another data format), a plurality of data
- a plurality of data In order to support this data format, for example, it is necessary to use a complicated protocol, or the number of pins used as an interface (I / F) is increased between the demodulation LSI and the main SoC. It is desirable to use the format.
- the time information acquired from the physical layer frame and transmitted from the physical layer to the upper layer is stored in the ALP packet, so that the data format of the time information and The data format arranged in the payload of the physical layer frame is converted to the same data format.
- the ALP packet is a layer 2 (L2) transmission packet including an IP / UDP packet
- the data stored in the ALP packet is arranged in the payload of the physical layer frame.
- FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an ALP packet.
- the ALP packet is composed of an ALP header and a payload in which data is arranged.
- the ALP header can include an extension header (Additional Header) and an optional header (Optional Header).
- ⁇ 3-bit type information (Packet_Type) is set at the beginning of the ALP header (base header).
- type information surrounded by the frame A as shown in FIG. 14, information related to the type of data arranged in the payload of the ALP packet is set.
- IPv4 IP packet IP / UDP packet
- 001 is set in the type information
- MPEG2-TS TS packet MPEG2-TS TS packet
- LLS Link Layer Signaling
- 100 is set as the type information.
- This LLS packet is a packet for transmitting LLS signaling.
- the LLS signaling includes information indicating a stream and service configuration in the broadcast network. Further, for example, L2 signaling that is layer 2 signaling can be transmitted using the LLS packet.
- the type information “011”, “101”, and “110” is an undefined (Reserved) area for future expansion.
- “111” is set to extend type information including a predetermined area.
- 1-bit packet setting information (PC: Packet Configuration) is arranged next to the type information.
- PC Packet Configuration
- HM Header Mode
- 11-bit length information (Length) and an extension header (Additional header) are arranged.
- an ALP packet in which no extension header is arranged is referred to as a normal packet (normal packet), while an ALP packet in which an extension header is arranged is referred to as a long packet (long packet).
- the segmentation mode (Segmentation mode) or the concatenation mode (Segmentation / mode) is selected according to the 1-bit S / C (Segmentation / Concatenation) to be placed next.
- Concatenation mode 11-bit length information (Length) and extension header (Additionalitionheader) are arranged in the ALP header.
- the payload is arranged following the ALP header configured as described above.
- this payload for example, an IPv4 IP packet (IP / UDP packet), an LLS packet, or the like can be arranged according to the type information of the ALP header (base header).
- FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of an ALP packet when time information is transmitted.
- FIG. 15 shows the configuration of the ALP header of the ALP packet, but the configuration is the same as the configuration of the ALP header (base header) in FIG.
- Packet_Type type information arranged at the head of the ALP header as surrounded by the frame B.
- PTP time information
- PC packet setting information
- HM header mode
- FIG. 16 shows a configuration example of the ALP header and payload in the ALP packet.
- the ALP header includes “100” type information (Packet_Type), “0” packet setting information (PC), “0” header mode (HM), and “000”. Length information (Length) of 0001 0010 ”is set.
- the ALP packet in FIG. 16 is an LLS packet and is in a single packet mode, 11-bit length information is arranged in the ALP header.
- this length information “000 0001 0010” indicating that the bit length of the payload arranged subsequent to the ALP header is 18 bytes is set.
- a 32-bit payload header (payload header) is placed in the first 4 bytes, and 80-bit time information (PTP) is placed in the subsequent 10 bytes, followed by 4 In the byte, 32-bit UTC metadata (UTC Metadata) is arranged.
- PTP time information
- UTC Metadata 32-bit UTC metadata
- the payload header is composed of 8-bit type information (type), 16-bit extension type information (type extension), and 8-bit version information (version).
- time_info is set as the type information
- PTP time information
- extension type information detailed information of signaling, that is, detailed information of time information (PTP) arranged following the payload header is set. For example, when time information (PTP) and UTC metadata are arranged following the payload header, “0x00” is set in the extension type information. Also, for example, when only time information (PTP) is arranged following the payload header, “0x01” is set in the extension type information.
- the extension type information from “0x02” to “0xff” is an undefined (Reserved) area for future extension.
- version information for example, time information and UTC metadata version can be set.
- time information PTP
- UTC Metadata 32-bit UTC metadata
- UTC metadata is added to the time information (PTP) is arbitrary, and when no UTC metadata is added, only the time information (PTP) is transmitted.
- UTC metadata is an example of metadata added to time information, and other metadata may be added.
- PTP time information
- UTC metadata UTC metadata
- time information (P) is transmitted from the physical layer to the upper layer using the ALP packet has been described, but other transmission methods may be employed.
- time information may be transmitted using an IP / UDP packet included in the ALP packet instead of the ALP packet described above.
- FIG. 17 is a diagram showing an example of a data format in the case of transmitting time information (PTP) using an IP / UDP packet.
- PTP time information
- the 8-bit table_id is a section ID for transmitting time information (PTP).
- Next to table_id is a 6-bit undefined (Reserved) area.
- 1-bit ptp_short_format_indicator is a flag indicating the PTP format. For example, when a PTP short format is set, “1” is set in ptp_short_format_indicator.
- utc_offset_metadata_indicator is a flag indicating whether or not UTC metadata is added to the time information (PTP). For example, when UTC metadata is added to time information (PTP), “1” is set in utc_offset_metadata_indicator.
- 32-bit ptp_second_field and 17-bit ptp_nanosecond_field are arranged.
- a short format PTP second field is set in the 32-bit ptp_second_field.
- a short-format PTP nanosecond field is set in the 17-bit ptp_nanosecond_field.
- a 48-bit ptp_second_field and a 32-bit ptp_nanosecond_field are arranged.
- a PTP second field is set.
- a PTP nanosecond field is set in 32-bit ptp_nanosecond_field.
- utc_offset_metadata When “1” is set as utc_offset_metadata_indicator, utc_offset_metadata is placed in 32 bits. UTC metadata is set in utc_offset_metadata.
- time information (PTP) (and UTC metadata) is arranged in the payload of the IP / UDP packet so that it is transmitted from the demodulation LSI (demodulation unit 203) to the main SoC (processing unit 204).
- the data format of the time information (PTP) is unified with the data format exchanged between the demodulation LSI and the main SoC.
- a complicated protocol is not used and the number of pins does not increase. It can be simplified.
- the data format (format) for transmitting time information (PTP) from the physical layer to the upper layer the time information (PTP) (and UTC) is included in the payload of the ALP packet or IP / UDP packet.
- Methodadata has been described, but the data format is not limited to this, and time information (PTP) can be converted to the same data format as the data arranged in the payload of the physical layer frame.
- another data format (format) may be adopted.
- time information represents the absolute time of a predetermined position (time reference point P) in the physical layer frame stream. And since this time reference point becomes meaningful as time information, this information is transmitted from the physical layer to the upper layer. However, if jitter occurs during transmission, for example, time information ( (PTP) causes a time error.
- the output timing of the ALP packet including time information (PTP) is made constant based on the structure of the physical layer frame of ATSC 3.0, thereby eliminating jitter, for example, time information (PTP) So that no error occurs at the time indicated by. That is, since the frame period of each physical layer frame is a fixed period, an ALP packet including time information (PTP) is output at a fixed timing using this.
- FIG. 18 shows an example of the time reference point P in the physical layer frame of ATSC 3.0. That is, as shown in FIG. 18, in the physical layer frame of ATSC 3.0, for example, the beginning of the preamble (P1), the beginning of the bootstrap (P2), the beginning of the payload (P3), and time information (PTP) There are time reference points P at four places (P4).
- the time information point (PTP) is inserted as the time reference point P4 when the time information (PTP) is transmitted in the preamble.
- the time reference point P4 indicates a position corresponding to the insertion position of the time information (PTP) on the bootstrap.
- one ALP packet including time information (PTP) is output for each physical layer frame according to one of the time reference points P. .
- PTP time information
- ALP packets that store data other than time information (PTP) even if there is some jitter, only ALP packets that include time information (PTP) will not be jittered.
- an ALP packet including time information (PTP) is output according to the time reference point P.
- an ALP packet including time information is output according to the time reference point P2 in each physical layer frame.
- An ALP packet including time information (PTP) is output at intervals of one frame (frame period).
- the demodulating LSI demodulating unit 203 to the main SoC (processing unit 204)
- the output timing of the ALP packet that includes the time information (PTP) that is output to the output can be made constant.
- the leading packet of each frame becomes an ALP packet including time information (PTP), and the output timing of the ALP packet including time information (PTP) is constant.
- FIG. 19 schematically shows data transmitted between the demodulation LSI (demodulation unit 203A) and the main SoC (processing unit 204A) in the normal receiving device 20A.
- Data in the figure represents an ALP packet storing data such as video and audio.
- the receiving apparatus 20A in FIG. 19 does not perform the above-described series of processing, in order to transmit time information from the demodulation LSI (demodulation unit 203A) to the main SoC (processing unit 204A), another signal line (separate ) Or by serial communication or the like, and depending on the situation, there is a possibility of jitter.
- FIG. 20 schematically shows data transmitted between the demodulation LSI (demodulation unit 203) and the main SoC (processing unit 204) in the reception device 20 of FIG.
- Data in the figure represents an ALP packet storing data such as video and audio
- time in the figure represents an ALP packet including time information (PTP).
- the time information (PTP) acquired from the physical layer frame is stored in the ALP packet in the demodulation LSI (demodulation unit 203), and the time information (PTP) is stored.
- the included ALP packet is output at a constant timing according to the time reference point P in the physical layer frame.
- ALP packets including time information (PTP) are sequentially acquired from the demodulation LSI (demodulation unit 203) at intervals of one frame (frame period).
- the time information (PTP) can be detected without the influence of jitter, and for example, the head position of the frame can be detected without the influence of jitter.
- the interval from time t1 to time t2 corresponds to an interval (frame period) for one frame.
- the output timing of the ALP packet including the time information has been described.
- the time information is stored in the IP / UDP packet, it is output at a constant timing according to the time reference point P. By doing so, it is possible to eliminate the influence of jitter.
- step S ⁇ b> 21 the RF unit 202 receives an IP transmission type digital broadcast signal transmitted from the transmission device 10 via the antenna 211.
- step S22 the time information acquisition unit 243 of the demodulation unit 203 acquires time information (PTP) and UTC metadata transmitted in a physical layer frame obtained from the digital broadcast signal received in the process of step S21.
- PTP time information
- step S23 the time information format conversion unit 244 of the demodulation unit 203 uses the time information (PTP) and UTC metadata acquired in the process of step S22 in the same data format as the data arranged in the payload of the physical layer frame. Convert to Here, for example, time information (PTP) and UTC metadata are stored in the payload of the ALP packet or IP / UDP packet, so that the data format is the same as the data arranged in the payload of the physical layer frame. .
- step S24 the output unit 245 of the demodulator 203 converts the data converted into the same data format as the payload in the process of step S23, that is, an ALP packet or IP / UDP including time information (PTP) and UTC metadata.
- the packet is output to the processing unit 204.
- an ALP packet or IP / UDP packet including time information (PTP) and UTC metadata is sent from the demodulation LSI (demodulation unit 203) to the main SoC (processing unit 204) according to the time reference point P in the physical layer frame. ) Will be output.
- step S24 When the process of step S24 is completed, the time information format conversion output process of FIG. 21 is terminated.
- time information format conversion output processing a digital broadcast signal of the IP transmission method is received, time information (PTP) is acquired from a physical layer frame transmitted in the physical layer in the protocol stack of the IP transmission method, and the time information ( PTP) is converted to the same data format as the data arranged in the payload of the physical layer frame, and converted to the same data format as the data arranged in the payload (ALP packet or IP including time information (PTP)) / UDP packet) is output to the main SoC (processing unit 204) according to the time reference point P in the physical layer frame.
- PTP time information
- ALP packet or IP including time information (PTP) IP including time information (PTP)
- ATSC particularly ATSC 3.0
- ATSC 3.0 which is mainly used in the United States and the like
- ISDB It may be applied to Integrated Services (Digital Broadcasting)
- DVB Digital Video Broadcasting
- satellite digital broadcasting or digital cable broadcasting may be used.
- this technology can be applied to standards other than digital broadcasting standards.
- a communication line such as the Internet or a telephone network can be used as the transmission line 30.
- the transmission apparatus 10 can be a server provided on the Internet, for example.
- FIG. 22 is a diagram illustrating a configuration example of hardware of a computer that executes the above-described series of processing by a program.
- a CPU Central Processing Unit
- ROM Read Only Memory
- RAM Random Access Memory
- An input / output interface 905 is further connected to the bus 904.
- An input unit 906, an output unit 907, a recording unit 908, a communication unit 909, and a drive 910 are connected to the input / output interface 905.
- the input unit 906 includes a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, and the like.
- the output unit 907 includes a display, a speaker, and the like.
- the recording unit 908 includes a hard disk, a nonvolatile memory, and the like.
- the communication unit 909 includes a network interface or the like.
- the drive 910 drives a removable medium 911 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, or a semiconductor memory.
- the CPU 901 loads the program recorded in the ROM 902 or the recording unit 908 to the RAM 903 via the input / output interface 905 and the bus 904, and executes the program. A series of processing is performed.
- the program executed by the computer 900 can be provided by being recorded on a removable medium 911 as a package medium, for example.
- the program can be provided via a wired or wireless transmission medium such as a local area network, the Internet, or digital satellite broadcasting.
- the program can be installed in the recording unit 908 via the input / output interface 905 by installing the removable medium 911 in the drive 910. Further, the program can be received by the communication unit 909 via a wired or wireless transmission medium and installed in the recording unit 908. In addition, the program can be installed in the ROM 902 or the recording unit 908 in advance.
- the processing performed by the computer according to the program does not necessarily have to be performed in chronological order in the order described as the flowchart. That is, the processing performed by the computer according to the program includes processing executed in parallel or individually (for example, parallel processing or object processing).
- the program may be processed by a single computer (processor) or may be distributedly processed by a plurality of computers.
- the present technology can take the following configurations.
- a receiving unit for receiving a digital broadcast signal of an IP (Internet Protocol) transmission method An acquisition unit that acquires time information from a physical layer frame transmitted in a physical layer in the protocol stack of the IP transmission method; A conversion unit that converts the acquired time information into the same data format as the data arranged in the payload of the physical layer frame; A receiving apparatus comprising: an output unit that outputs the converted time information to a processing unit that performs a predetermined process related to an upper layer that is an upper layer than the physical layer.
- the conversion unit stores the time information acquired from the physical layer frame in an IP / UDP packet that is an IP packet including a UDP (User Datagram Protocol) packet or a transmission packet that transmits the IP / UDP packet.
- IP Internet Protocol
- the receiving device makes the timing at which the IP / UDP packet or the transmission packet including the time information is output to the processing unit constant.
- the time information is time information indicating the start of the preamble, the start of the bootstrap, the start of the payload, or the insertion position of the time information in the physical layer frame
- the output unit includes the IP / UDP including the time information at regular intervals with reference to a preamble start, a bootstrap start, a payload start, or an insertion position of the time information in the physical layer frame.
- the receiving device which outputs a packet or the transmission packet.
- the receiving apparatus according to any one of (1) to (4), wherein the time information is time information defined by PTP (Precision Time Protocol).
- the receiving device (6)
- metadata related to the time information is transmitted together with the time information.
- the metadata includes information necessary for transmission media presentation synchronization.
- the time information is compressed by deleting lower bits that are greater than or equal to a bit.
- the acquisition unit, the conversion unit, and the output unit are configured as a demodulation LSI
- the processing unit is configured as a system on chip (SoC)
- SoC system on chip
- the receiving device according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein the demodulation LSI and the system-on-chip are connected via a predetermined interface.
- the receiving device is Receive digital broadcast signals of IP transmission system, Obtain time information from the physical layer frame transmitted in the physical layer in the protocol stack of the IP transmission method, The acquired time information is converted into the same data format as the data arranged in the payload of the physical layer frame, A data processing method including a step of outputting the converted time information to a processing unit that performs predetermined processing relating to an upper layer that is an upper layer than the physical layer.
- 1 transmission system 10 transmission device, 20 reception device, 30 transmission path, 201 control unit, 202 RF unit, 203 demodulation unit, 204 processing unit, 205 output unit, 231 FFT trigger estimation unit, 232 FFT unit, 233 channel estimation unit , 234 equalization unit, 235 frequency deinterleaver, 236 L1-Basic extraction unit, 237 L1-Basic processing unit, 238 L1-Basic information extraction unit, 239 L1-Detail extraction unit, 240 L1-Detail time deinterleaver, 241 L1-Detail processing unit, 242 L1-Detail information extraction unit, 243 time information acquisition unit, 244 time information format conversion unit, 245 output unit, 900 computer, 901 CPU
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Abstract
Description
2.物理層フレームに含まれる時刻情報の伝送
3.物理層から上位層に伝送される時刻情報の形式の変換
4.時刻情報を含むパケットの出力タイミング
5.受信側の処理の流れ
6.コンピュータの構成
図1は、本技術を適用した伝送システムの一実施の形態の構成を示す図である。なお、システムとは、複数の装置が論理的に集合したものをいう。
図2は、図1の受信装置20の構成例を示す図である。
図3は、図2の受信装置20を構成する復調部203の詳細な構成例を示す図である。なお、図3の復調部203の構成では、説明の簡略化のため、物理層のシグナリングとして伝送される時刻情報に関する処理を行うブロックを中心に図示している。
図6は、物理層フレームにおける時刻リファレンスポイントを説明する図である。なお、図6において、時間の方向は、図中の左側から右側に向かう方向とされる。
図8は、物理層で伝送される時刻情報の例を示す図である。
図9には、IEEE 1588-2008で規定されているPTPの構成例を示している。図9に示すように、PTPの時刻を表す80ビットのうち、48ビットが、秒単位の時刻を表し、残りの32ビットがナノ秒単位の時刻を表している。したがって、PTPで規定される時刻の情報は、物理層フレームに含める時刻情報としては、十分な精度があり、正確な時刻を表すことができる。
また、UTCメタデータは、例えば、ビデオやオーディオ等の伝送メディアの提示同期のための情報等のオフセット情報を含む。なお、UTCメタデータを、時刻情報(PTP)に対して付加するかどうかは、任意である。図10には、UTCメタデータのシンタックスを図示している。
図13は、ALPパケットの構成例を示す図である。
図15は、時刻情報を伝送する場合における、ALPパケットの構成例を示す図である。なお、図15には、ALPパケットのALPヘッダの構成を示しているが、その構成は、図13のALPヘッダ(ベースヘッダ)の構成と同様であるため、その説明は適宜省略する。
上述した説明では、ALPパケットを用いて、物理層から上位層に、時刻情報(PTP)を伝送する場合を説明したが、他の伝送方法を採用してもよい。例えば、上述したALPパケットの代わりに、ALPパケットに含まれるIP/UDPパケットを用いて時刻情報(PTP)が伝送されるようにしてもよい。
次に、図21のフローチャートを参照して、図2の受信装置20により実行される時刻情報形式変換出力処理の流れについて説明する。
IP(Internet Protocol)伝送方式のデジタル放送信号を受信する受信部と、
前記IP伝送方式のプロトコルスタックにおける物理層で伝送される物理層フレームから、時刻情報を取得する取得部と、
取得された前記時刻情報を、前記物理層フレームのペイロードに配置されるデータと同一のデータ形式に変換する変換部と、
変換された前記時刻情報を、前記物理層よりも上位の層である上位層に関する所定の処理を行う処理部に出力する出力部と
を備える受信装置。
(2)
前記変換部は、前記物理層フレームから取得された前記時刻情報を、UDP(User Datagram Protocol)パケットを含むIPパケットであるIP/UDPパケット、又は、前記IP/UDPパケットを伝送する伝送パケットに格納する
(1)に記載の受信装置。
(3)
前記出力部は、前記時刻情報を含む前記IP/UDPパケット又は前記伝送パケットが、前記処理部に出力されるタイミングが一定になるようにする
(1)又は(2)に記載の受信装置。
(4)
前記時刻情報は、前記物理層フレームにおける、プリアンブルの先頭、ブートストラップの先頭、ペイロードの先頭、又は前記時刻情報の挿入箇所を示す時刻の情報であり、
前記出力部は、前記物理層フレームにおける、プリアンブルの先頭、ブートストラップの先頭、ペイロードの先頭、又は前記時刻情報の挿入箇所を基準にして、一定の間隔で、前記時刻情報を含む前記IP/UDPパケット又は前記伝送パケットを出力する
(3)に記載の受信装置。
(5)
前記時刻情報は、PTP(Precision Time Protocol)で規定される時刻の情報である
(1)乃至(4)のいずれかに記載の受信装置。
(6)
前記時刻情報とともに、前記時刻情報に関するメタデータが伝送される
(5)に記載の受信装置。
(7)
前記メタデータは、伝送メディアの提示同期に必要となる情報を含む
(6)に記載の受信装置。
(8)
前記PTPで規定される時刻の情報を構成する48ビットの秒フィールド、及び、32ビットのナノ秒フィールドのうち、前記秒フィールドの1ビット以上の上位ビットを削除するとともに、前記ナノ秒フィールドの1ビット以上の下位ビットを削除することにより、前記時刻情報を圧縮する
(5)乃至(7)のいずれかに記載の受信装置。
(9)
前記取得部、前記変換部、及び、前記出力部は、復調LSIとして構成され、
前記処理部は、システムオンチップ(SoC:System on Chip)として構成され、
前記復調LSIと、前記システムオンチップとは、所定のインターフェースを介して接続されている
(1)乃至(8)のいずれかに記載の受信装置。
(10)
受信装置のデータ処理方法において、
前記受信装置が、
IP伝送方式のデジタル放送信号を受信し、
前記IP伝送方式のプロトコルスタックにおける物理層で伝送される物理層フレームから、時刻情報を取得し、
取得された前記時刻情報を、前記物理層フレームのペイロードに配置されるデータと同一のデータ形式に変換し、
変換された前記時刻情報を、前記物理層よりも上位の層である上位層に関する所定の処理を行う処理部に出力する
ステップを含むデータ処理方法。
Claims (10)
- IP(Internet Protocol)伝送方式のデジタル放送信号を受信する受信部と、
前記IP伝送方式のプロトコルスタックにおける物理層で伝送される物理層フレームから、時刻情報を取得する取得部と、
取得された前記時刻情報を、前記物理層フレームのペイロードに配置されるデータと同一のデータ形式に変換する変換部と、
変換された前記時刻情報を、前記物理層よりも上位の層である上位層に関する所定の処理を行う処理部に出力する出力部と
を備える受信装置。 - 前記変換部は、前記物理層フレームから取得された前記時刻情報を、UDP(User Datagram Protocol)パケットを含むIPパケットであるIP/UDPパケット、又は、前記IP/UDPパケットを伝送する伝送パケットに格納する
請求項1に記載の受信装置。 - 前記出力部は、前記時刻情報を含む前記IP/UDPパケット又は前記伝送パケットが、前記処理部に出力されるタイミングが一定になるようにする
請求項2に記載の受信装置。 - 前記時刻情報は、前記物理層フレームにおける、プリアンブルの先頭、ブートストラップの先頭、ペイロードの先頭、又は前記時刻情報の挿入箇所を示す時刻の情報であり、
前記出力部は、前記物理層フレームにおける、プリアンブルの先頭、ブートストラップの先頭、ペイロードの先頭、又は前記時刻情報の挿入箇所を基準にして、一定の間隔で、前記時刻情報を含む前記IP/UDPパケット又は前記伝送パケットを出力する
請求項3に記載の受信装置。 - 前記時刻情報は、PTP(Precision Time Protocol)で規定される時刻の情報である
請求項1に記載の受信装置。 - 前記時刻情報とともに、前記時刻情報に関するメタデータが伝送される
請求項5に記載の受信装置。 - 前記メタデータは、伝送メディアの提示同期に必要となる情報を含む
請求項6に記載の受信装置。 - 前記PTPで規定される時刻の情報を構成する48ビットの秒フィールド、及び、32ビットのナノ秒フィールドのうち、前記秒フィールドの1ビット以上の上位ビットを削除するとともに、前記ナノ秒フィールドの1ビット以上の下位ビットを削除することにより、前記時刻情報を圧縮する
請求項5に記載の受信装置。 - 前記取得部、前記変換部、及び、前記出力部は、復調LSIとして構成され、
前記処理部は、システムオンチップ(SoC:System on Chip)として構成され、
前記復調LSIと、前記システムオンチップとは、所定のインターフェースを介して接続されている
請求項1に記載の受信装置。 - 受信装置のデータ処理方法において、
前記受信装置が、
IP伝送方式のデジタル放送信号を受信し、
前記IP伝送方式のプロトコルスタックにおける物理層で伝送される物理層フレームから、時刻情報を取得し、
取得された前記時刻情報を、前記物理層フレームのペイロードに配置されるデータと同一のデータ形式に変換し、
変換された前記時刻情報を、前記物理層よりも上位の層である上位層に関する所定の処理を行う処理部に出力する
ステップを含むデータ処理方法。
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EP16834946.2A EP3334170A4 (en) | 2015-08-07 | 2016-07-22 | Reception device and data processing method |
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DE102016220886B3 (de) * | 2016-10-24 | 2018-03-08 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Interleaving für die Übertragung von Telegrammen mit variabler Subpaketanzahl und sukzessiver Decodierung |
US10958727B2 (en) | 2019-02-07 | 2021-03-23 | International Business Machines Corporation | Facilitating precision time protocol use in a coordinated timing network |
US10903924B2 (en) | 2019-02-07 | 2021-01-26 | International Business Machines Corporation | Setting primary reference time of server time protocol facility of a coordinated timing network to a precision-time-protocol source |
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MX2018001344A (es) | 2018-06-15 |
JPWO2017026249A1 (ja) | 2018-06-07 |
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EP3334170A4 (en) | 2019-01-02 |
EP3334170A1 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
US10225030B2 (en) | 2019-03-05 |
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