WO2017021018A1 - Traction battery for a motor vehicle, comprising a cooling device - Google Patents

Traction battery for a motor vehicle, comprising a cooling device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017021018A1
WO2017021018A1 PCT/EP2016/058857 EP2016058857W WO2017021018A1 WO 2017021018 A1 WO2017021018 A1 WO 2017021018A1 EP 2016058857 W EP2016058857 W EP 2016058857W WO 2017021018 A1 WO2017021018 A1 WO 2017021018A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cooling
coolant
traction battery
cooling plate
return
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/058857
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Chiang Chen
Markus Bednarzik
Andreas Czok
Karsten Küper
Original Assignee
Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to EP16717924.1A priority Critical patent/EP3328678A1/en
Priority to CN201680045759.9A priority patent/CN107848436A/en
Publication of WO2017021018A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017021018A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/617—Types of temperature control for achieving uniformity or desired distribution of temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625—Vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H01M10/6557—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange arranged between the cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a traction battery for a motor vehicle with a cooling device for temperature control of battery cells, which has at least one cooling plate.
  • the thermal management of the traction battery plays an important role.
  • the operation of battery cells preferably lithium-ion battery cells, is efficient. Even if the efficiency of these battery arrangements is high, a small amount of heat in the ratio of the transmitted energy must be dissipated, since this heat can damage the battery cells. At an elevated temperature, irreversible degradation reactions can occur within the battery in the battery cells, reducing the life of the battery cells.
  • the battery cells should ideally be operated continuously below 40 ° C, which is why a tempering or a
  • Cooling device within the battery assembly for larger discharge and charging currents is advantageous.
  • Liquid cooling circuit used.
  • Cooling channels made of manufacturing and cost reasons in sand casting heat sinks conventional battery modules usually have an undefined internal geometry. This geometry is due to the use of lost sand cores. There is the risk of an uneven coolant or temperature distribution and a poorer heat transfer from the battery cells to be cooled.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a powerful cooling of the battery cells with minimal space and manufacturing and cost-effective.
  • Patent claim 1 solved.
  • the traction battery has a cooling device for temperature control of battery cells, which has at least one cooling plate, wherein the cooling plate is designed as an extruded profile.
  • the extruded profiles are advantageously uniform, reproducible Cooling channels formed with a defined surface, which have a much better cooling performance compared to the heat sinks made with sand cores sand lost.
  • the traction battery according to the invention can be further developed by the characterizing features of the subclaims, so that the design options are not exhausted.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the at least one cooling channel has an approximately rectangular cross-section.
  • the cooling plate can be produced so inexpensively, easily and reproducibly.
  • the shorter sides of the approximately rectangular cross section at least one cooling channel advantageously have a straight course, so that the production of the geometry can be simple and inexpensive.
  • the longer sides of the cooling channel are preferably designed such that they have an approximately wave-shaped course.
  • the wave-shaped profile of the cross section, comprising wave crests and wave troughs, on the longer sides of the cooling channel provides for an enlarged surface, so that the largest possible area for the heat transfer between the coolant flow and the cooling plate is available.
  • the cooling channel has on its longer sides in each case a plurality of wave crests and wave troughs, which are configured such that the wave crest of the first longer side lies exactly opposite the wave trough of the second longer side.
  • the resulting cross-section is similar to a concertina, since the width of the cooling channel changes, which changes steadily between a narrower and wider width.
  • the cooling plate has two separate coolant connections, one of the coolant connections serving for one coolant inlet and the other coolant connection serving for a coolant outlet.
  • the coolant connection for the coolant inlet is preferably arranged above the coolant connection for the coolant outlet.
  • the coolant introduced via the coolant inlet for the coolant inlet can be supported by gravity from the coolant connection for the coolant outlet
  • the cooling plate on a cooling channel for the inlet of the coolant and a plurality of cooling channels for the return of the coolant, whereby the entire cooling plate of
  • Coolant can be flowed through.
  • the coolant connections are space-optimized arranged in the upper region, which connected thereto coolant lines can be made shorter and thus cheaper.
  • the coolant connection for the coolant outlet opens in a funnel shape in the direction of the cooling channels for the return, so that all three
  • Cooling channels for the return from the coolant connection for the coolant outlet are detected.
  • the cooling channel for the inlet has a larger cross section than each of the cooling channels for the return, wherein e.g. the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the cooling channels for the return corresponds approximately to the cross-sectional area of the cooling channel for the inlet.
  • Cross-sectional areas of the cooling channels for the return are, for example, substantially the same size and have the same geometry, so that almost identical flow velocities prevail in the cooling channels.
  • the resulting heat transfer is very homogeneous over the entire cooling surface. This results in a particularly uniform distribution of
  • Coolant flow so that the supplied coolant has a constant pressure.
  • the cooling channel for the inlet and the cooling channels for the return on the coolant connections facing away from the end face of the cooling plate are connected to each other, so that the coolant can flow in a defined direction through the cooling plate.
  • the cooling plates are preferably made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy.
  • Aluminum has a very good thermal conductivity, making it a good and faster
  • Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a traction battery according to the invention with a
  • Cooling device in assembly with two battery cell modules
  • Figure 2 is a section along the Y-axis through the embodiment in Fig. 1.
  • the traction battery 1 according to FIG. 1 has two cell modules 3, which each have two
  • a cooling device 8 is arranged, which is preferably designed as a cooling plate 9.
  • the cooling plate 9 has two coolant connections 12, 13 at one of its end faces 11, the upper coolant connection 12, seen in the Z direction, being a coolant inlet and the lower coolant connection 13, seen in the Z direction, serving for a coolant outlet.
  • the coolant connections 12, 13 have the same round cross-sectional geometry.
  • the cell modules 3, the connector 5 and the cooling plate 9 are screwed together by means of connecting elements 15 and clamped.
  • the connecting elements 15 consist of a guided through the cell modules 3, the connector 5 and the cooling plate 9 screw and a one-sided welded to one of the connector 5 screw nut.
  • Fig. 2 shows the inventive arrangement of Fig. 1 in a section in the Y direction.
  • the cooling plate 9 is arranged between the cell modules 3.
  • a thermal conductive layer 18 which is preferably designed as a thermally conductive film, arranged, which serves the better heat exchange between the cooling plate 9 and cell module 3.
  • the cooling plate 9 has, for example, a cooling channel for the inlet 20 of the coolant, which has a geometrically larger cross section, and three cooling channels for the return 22, which have a geometrically smaller cross section on. Both the cooling channel for the inlet 20 and the cooling channels for the return 22 have an approximately rectangular cross-section, which is explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 2a.
  • Fig. 2a shows a cross-section according to the invention of the cooling channel for the inlet 20, which is substantially rectangular, wherein two shorter sides 24, which extend in the Y direction, have a straight course and are parallel to each other.
  • Two Z-directional longer sides 26, 27 of approximately rectangular cross-section have a wave form with multiple crests 28 and troughs 29.
  • the wave crests 28 have geometrically the same maximum and the wave troughs 29 geometrically the same minimum, as seen in the Y direction each wave peaks and all wave troughs are at the same height.
  • the wave crests 28 and wave troughs 29 are arranged such that in each case a wave crest 28 of the first longer side 26 lies exactly opposite a wave trough 29 of the second longer side 27, so that the cross section along the Z axis resembles an accordion.
  • the cross section thus changes along the Z axis, becoming narrower and wider.
  • the channel geometry of the cooling channel for the inlet 20 is also found in a similar form to the cooling channels for the return 22, wherein the cooling channels for the return 22 each have the same maxima of the peaks 28 and minima of the troughs 29, but in Z- Seen in the direction are each made shorter, so that the overall result is a reduced cross-sectional area of each of the cooling channels for the return 22 in comparison with the cooling channel for the inlet 20.
  • the cooling plate 9 is designed in the XZ plane at its seen in the Z direction upper and lower area in the depth (in the Y direction) with a smaller wall thickness and has in a bore 32 at each of its four corners. Through these holes 32, the screws of the connecting elements 15 are guided.
  • the cooling plate 9 On the coolant ports 12, 13 facing away from the end face of the cooling plate 9, the cooling channel for the inlet 20 with all cooling channels for the return 22 via a connecting line 30 are connected ,
  • the cooling plate 9 has at the coolant connections 12, 13 having end face 1 1 a coupling line 31.
  • the coupling line 31 connects the cooling channels for the return 22 to each other.
  • the coupling line 31 is connected over its entire length extending in the Z direction with the coolant connection for the coolant outlet 13, wherein the tubular geometry of the coolant connection for the coolant outlet 13 in
  • the coolant connection for the coolant inlet 12 also opens like a funnel in the direction of the cooling channel for the inlet 20, since the cross section between the coolant connection for the coolant inlet 12 and the cooling channel for the inlet 20 changes.

Abstract

The invention relates to a traction battery (1) for a motor vehicle, comprising a cooling device (8) for controlling the temperature of battery cells, said cooling device (8) being provided with at least one cooling plate (9) which is made from an extruded profile and includes at least one cooling duct (20, 22). The extruded profiles advantageously allow uniform, reproducible cooling ducts to be formed which have a defined surface and have a significantly better cooling performance than cooling ducts conventionally made from sand castings using disposable sand cores.

Description

Beschreibung  description
Traktionsbatterie für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Kühlvorrichtung Traction battery for a motor vehicle with a cooling device
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Traktionsbatterie für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Kühlvorrichtung zur Temperierung von Batteriezellen, die zumindest eine Kühlplatte aufweist. The invention relates to a traction battery for a motor vehicle with a cooling device for temperature control of battery cells, which has at least one cooling plate.
Für Elektro- und Hybridfahrzeuge spielt das Thermomanagement der Traktionsbatterie eine wichtige Rolle. Der Betrieb von Batteriezellen, vorzugsweise Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezellen, ist wirkungsgradbehaftet. Auch wenn der Wirkungsgrad dieser Batterieanordnungen hoch ist, muss eine im Verhältnis der übertragenen Energie geringe Wärmemenge abgeführt werden, da diese Wärme den Batteriezellen schaden kann. Bei einer erhöhten Temperatur können innerhalb der Batterie in den Batteriezellen irreversible Degradationsreaktionen auftreten, die die Lebensdauer der Batteriezellen reduzieren. Die Batteriezellen sollten idealerweise dauerhaft unterhalb von 40°C betrieben werden, weshalb eine Temperiereinrichtung bzw. eine For electric and hybrid vehicles, the thermal management of the traction battery plays an important role. The operation of battery cells, preferably lithium-ion battery cells, is efficient. Even if the efficiency of these battery arrangements is high, a small amount of heat in the ratio of the transmitted energy must be dissipated, since this heat can damage the battery cells. At an elevated temperature, irreversible degradation reactions can occur within the battery in the battery cells, reducing the life of the battery cells. The battery cells should ideally be operated continuously below 40 ° C, which is why a tempering or a
Kühlvorrichtung innerhalb der Batterieanordnung bei größeren Entlade- und Ladeströmen von Vorteil ist. Cooling device within the battery assembly for larger discharge and charging currents is advantageous.
Als Kühlvorrichtung für Lithium-Ionen-Batterien wird bekannter Weise ein  As a cooling device for lithium-ion batteries is known manner
Flüssigkeitskühlkreislauf eingesetzt. Liquid cooling circuit used.
Kühlkanäle von aus Herstell- und Kostengründen im Sandguss hergestellten Kühlkörpern herkömmlicher Batteriemodule weisen zumeist eine Undefinierte Innengeometrie auf. Diese Geometrie ist durch die Verwendung verlorener Sandkerne bedingt. Es besteht hierbei die Gefahr einer ungleichmäßigen Kühlmittel- oder Temperaturverteilung und eines schlechteren Wärmeübergangs von den zu kühlenden Batteriezellen. Cooling channels made of manufacturing and cost reasons in sand casting heat sinks conventional battery modules usually have an undefined internal geometry. This geometry is due to the use of lost sand cores. There is the risk of an uneven coolant or temperature distribution and a poorer heat transfer from the battery cells to be cooled.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine leistungsstarke Kühlung der Batteriezellen bei minimalem Bauraum und herstell- und kostengünstig zur Verfügung zu stellen. The invention has for its object to provide a powerful cooling of the battery cells with minimal space and manufacturing and cost-effective.
Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des The object is achieved by the characterizing features of
Patentanspruchs 1 gelöst. Patent claim 1 solved.
Die Traktionsbatterie hat eine Kühlvorrichtung zur Temperierung von Batteriezellen, die zumindest eine Kühlplatte aufweist, wobei die Kühlplatte als Strangpressprofil ausgeführt ist. Durch die Strangpressprofile sind in vorteilhafter Weise gleichmäßige, reproduzierbare Kühlkanäle mit definierter Oberfläche ausgebildet, die gegenüber den aus Sandguss mit verlorenen Sandkernen hergestellten Kühlkörpern eine deutlich bessere Kühlleistung aufweisen. The traction battery has a cooling device for temperature control of battery cells, which has at least one cooling plate, wherein the cooling plate is designed as an extruded profile. The extruded profiles are advantageously uniform, reproducible Cooling channels formed with a defined surface, which have a much better cooling performance compared to the heat sinks made with sand cores sand lost.
Die erfindungsgemäße Traktionsbatterie kann durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der Unteransprüche weitergebildet werden, womit die Ausgestaltungsmöglichkeiten jedoch nicht erschöpft sind. The traction battery according to the invention can be further developed by the characterizing features of the subclaims, so that the design options are not exhausted.
Eine vorteilhafte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass der wenigstens eine Kühlkanal einen annähernd rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweist. Die Kühlplatte kann so kostengünstig, einfach und reproduzierbar hergestellt werden. An advantageous embodiment of the invention provides that the at least one cooling channel has an approximately rectangular cross-section. The cooling plate can be produced so inexpensively, easily and reproducibly.
Die kürzeren Seiten des annähernd rechteckigen Querschnitts wenigstens einen Kühlkanals weisen vorteilhaft einen geraden Verlauf auf, sodass die Herstellung der Geometrie einfach und kostengünstig erfolgen kann. The shorter sides of the approximately rectangular cross section at least one cooling channel advantageously have a straight course, so that the production of the geometry can be simple and inexpensive.
Die längeren Seiten des Kühlkanals sind vorzugsweise derart ausgestaltet, dass sie einen annähernd wellenförmigen Verlauf aufweisen. Der wellenförmige Verlauf des Querschnitts, aufweisend Wellenberge und Wellentäler, an den längeren Seiten des Kühlkanals sorgt für eine vergrößerte Oberfläche, sodass eine größtmögliche Fläche für die Wärmeübertragung zwischen dem Kühlmittelstrom und der Kühlplatte zur Verfügung steht. The longer sides of the cooling channel are preferably designed such that they have an approximately wave-shaped course. The wave-shaped profile of the cross section, comprising wave crests and wave troughs, on the longer sides of the cooling channel provides for an enlarged surface, so that the largest possible area for the heat transfer between the coolant flow and the cooling plate is available.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung weist der Kühlkanal an seinen längeren Seiten jeweils mehrere Wellenberge und Wellentäler auf, die derart ausgestaltet sind, dass der Wellenberg der ersten längeren Seite dem Wellental der zweiten längeren Seite genau gegenüber liegt. Der so entstehende Querschnitt ähnelt einer Ziehharmonika, da sich die Breite des Kühlkanals ändert, wobei diese zwischen einer schmaleren und einer weiteren Breite stetig wechselt. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cooling channel has on its longer sides in each case a plurality of wave crests and wave troughs, which are configured such that the wave crest of the first longer side lies exactly opposite the wave trough of the second longer side. The resulting cross-section is similar to a concertina, since the width of the cooling channel changes, which changes steadily between a narrower and wider width.
Vorzugsweise weist die Kühlplatte zwei voneinander getrennte Kühlmittelanschlüsse auf, wobei einer der Kühlmittelanschlüsse für einen Kühlmitteleinlass und der andere Kühlmittelanschluss für einen Kühlmittelauslass dient. Der Kühlmittelanschluss für den Kühlmitteleinlass ist vorzugsweise oberhalb des Kühlmittelanschluss für den Kühlmittelauslass angeordnet. So kann das über den Kühlmittelanschluss für den Kühlmitteleinlass eingebrachte Kühlmittel durch Schwerkraft unterstützt aus dem Kühlmittelanschluss für den Kühlmittelauslass nach Preferably, the cooling plate has two separate coolant connections, one of the coolant connections serving for one coolant inlet and the other coolant connection serving for a coolant outlet. The coolant connection for the coolant inlet is preferably arranged above the coolant connection for the coolant outlet. Thus, the coolant introduced via the coolant inlet for the coolant inlet can be supported by gravity from the coolant connection for the coolant outlet
Durchströmen der Kühlplatte wieder austreten. Vorteilhaft weist die Kühlplatte einen Kühlkanal für den Zulauf des Kühlmittels und mehrere Kühlkanäle für den Rücklauf des Kühlmittels auf, wodurch die gesamte Kühlplatte von Flow through the cooling plate emerge again. Advantageously, the cooling plate on a cooling channel for the inlet of the coolant and a plurality of cooling channels for the return of the coolant, whereby the entire cooling plate of
Kühlmittel durchströmt werden kann. Die Kühlmittelanschlüsse sind bauraumoptimiert im oberen Bereich angeordnet, wodurch daran angeschlossene Kühlmittelleitungen kürzer und damit günstiger ausgeführt werden können. Der Kühlmittelanschluss für den Kühlmittelauslass öffnet sich trichterförmig in Richtung der Kühlkanäle für den Rücklauf, sodass alle drei Coolant can be flowed through. The coolant connections are space-optimized arranged in the upper region, which connected thereto coolant lines can be made shorter and thus cheaper. The coolant connection for the coolant outlet opens in a funnel shape in the direction of the cooling channels for the return, so that all three
Kühlkanäle für den Rücklauf vom Kühlmittelanschluss für den Kühlmittelauslass erfasst werden. Cooling channels for the return from the coolant connection for the coolant outlet are detected.
Vorzugsweise weist der Kühlkanal für den Zulauf einen größeren Querschnitt auf, als jeder der Kühlkanäle für den Rücklauf, wobei z.B. die Summe der Querschnittsflächen der Kühlkanäle für den Rücklauf etwa der Querschnittsfläche des Kühlkanals für den Zulauf entspricht. Die Preferably, the cooling channel for the inlet has a larger cross section than each of the cooling channels for the return, wherein e.g. the sum of the cross-sectional areas of the cooling channels for the return corresponds approximately to the cross-sectional area of the cooling channel for the inlet. The
Querschnittsflächen der Kühlkanäle für den Rücklauf sind bspw. im Wesentlichen gleich groß und weisen die gleiche Geometrie auf, sodass nahezu gleiche Strömungsgeschwindigkeiten in den Kühlkanälen herrschen. Die somit entstehende Wärmeübertragung ist über die gesamte Kühlfläche sehr homogen. Dies ergibt eine besonders gleichmäßige Verteilung des Cross-sectional areas of the cooling channels for the return are, for example, substantially the same size and have the same geometry, so that almost identical flow velocities prevail in the cooling channels. The resulting heat transfer is very homogeneous over the entire cooling surface. This results in a particularly uniform distribution of
Kühlmittelstroms, sodass das zugeführte Kühlmittel einen konstanten Druck hat. Coolant flow, so that the supplied coolant has a constant pressure.
In einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sind der Kühlkanal für den Zulauf und die Kühlkanäle für den Rücklauf auf der den Kühlmittelanschlüssen abgewandte Stirnseite der Kühlplatte miteinander verbunden, sodass das Kühlmittel in einer definierten Richtung durch die Kühlplatte fließen kann. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the cooling channel for the inlet and the cooling channels for the return on the coolant connections facing away from the end face of the cooling plate are connected to each other, so that the coolant can flow in a defined direction through the cooling plate.
Die Kühlplatten sind vorzugsweise aus Aluminium oder einer Aluminiumlegierung gefertigt. Aluminium hat eine sehr gute Wärmeleitfähigkeit, sodass ein guter und schneller The cooling plates are preferably made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Aluminum has a very good thermal conductivity, making it a good and faster
Wärmeübergang zwischen der Kühlplatte und den angrenzenden Batteriezellen sowie zwischen Kühlplatte und Kühlmittel gewährleistet ist. Heat transfer between the cooling plate and the adjacent battery cells and between the cooling plate and coolant is ensured.
Es zeigen Show it
Fig. 1 eine erfindungsgemäße Ausführungsform einer Traktionsbatterie mit einer Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of a traction battery according to the invention with a
Kühlvorrichtung im Zusammenbau mit zwei Batteriezellmodulen;  Cooling device in assembly with two battery cell modules;
Fig 2 einen Schnitt entlang der Y-Achse durch die Ausführungsform in Fig. 1 ;  Figure 2 is a section along the Y-axis through the embodiment in Fig. 1.
Fig 2a einen Querschnitt eines Kühlkanals; 2a shows a cross section of a cooling channel;
Fig 3 eine Kühlplatte in einer isometrischen Ansicht; 3 shows a cooling plate in an isometric view;
Fig 4 einen Schnitt entlang der X-Achse durch die Kühlplatte in Fig. 3. Die Traktionsbatterie 1 gemäß Fig. 1 weist zwei Zellmodule 3 auf, welche jeweils zwei 4 shows a section along the X-axis through the cooling plate in Fig. 3rd The traction battery 1 according to FIG. 1 has two cell modules 3, which each have two
Verbinder 5 jeweils an ihren Stirnseiten 7 aufweisen. Zwischen den Zellmodulen 3 ist eine Kühlvorrichtung 8 angeordnet, welche vorzugsweise als Kühlplatte 9 ausgeführt ist. Die Kühlplatte 9 weist an einer ihrer Stirnseite 1 1 zwei Kühlmittelanschlüsse 12, 13 auf, wobei der in Z-Richtung gesehen obere Kühlmittelanschluss 12 für einen Kühlmitteleinlass ist und der in Z-Richtung gesehen untere Kühlmittelanschluss 13 für einen Kühlmittelauslass dient. Die Kühlmittelanschlüsse 12, 13 weisen dieselbe runde Querschnittsgeometrie auf. Have connector 5 each at their end faces 7. Between the cell modules 3, a cooling device 8 is arranged, which is preferably designed as a cooling plate 9. The cooling plate 9 has two coolant connections 12, 13 at one of its end faces 11, the upper coolant connection 12, seen in the Z direction, being a coolant inlet and the lower coolant connection 13, seen in the Z direction, serving for a coolant outlet. The coolant connections 12, 13 have the same round cross-sectional geometry.
Die Zellmodule 3, die Verbinder 5 und die Kühlplatte 9 sind mittels Verbindungselementen 15 miteinander verschraubt und verspannt. Die Verbindungselemente 15 bestehen aus einer durch die Zellmodule 3, die Verbinder 5 und die Kühlplatte 9 geführten Schraube und aus einer einseitig an einem der Verbinder 5 angeschweißten Schraubmutter. The cell modules 3, the connector 5 and the cooling plate 9 are screwed together by means of connecting elements 15 and clamped. The connecting elements 15 consist of a guided through the cell modules 3, the connector 5 and the cooling plate 9 screw and a one-sided welded to one of the connector 5 screw nut.
Fig. 2 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung aus Fig. 1 in einem Schnitt in Y-Richtung. Die Kühlplatte 9 ist zwischen den Zellmodulen 3 angeordnet. Jeweils zwischen Kühlplatte 9 und einem der Zellmodule 3 ist eine thermische Leitschicht 18, die vorzugsweise als thermisch leitfähige Folie ausgeführt ist, angeordnet, die dem besseren Wärmeaustausch zwischen Kühlplatte 9 und Zellmodul 3 dient. Die Kühlplatte 9 weist bspw. einen Kühlkanal für den Zulauf 20 des Kühlmittels auf, der einen geometrisch größeren Querschnitt hat, und drei Kühlkanäle für den Rücklauf 22, die einen geometrisch kleineren Querschnitt haben, auf. Sowohl der Kühlkanal für den Zulauf 20 als auch die Kühlkanäle für den Rücklauf 22 weisen einen annähernd rechteckigen Querschnitt auf, der anhand Fig. 2a näher erläutert wird. Fig. 2 shows the inventive arrangement of Fig. 1 in a section in the Y direction. The cooling plate 9 is arranged between the cell modules 3. In each case between the cooling plate 9 and one of the cell modules 3 is a thermal conductive layer 18, which is preferably designed as a thermally conductive film, arranged, which serves the better heat exchange between the cooling plate 9 and cell module 3. The cooling plate 9 has, for example, a cooling channel for the inlet 20 of the coolant, which has a geometrically larger cross section, and three cooling channels for the return 22, which have a geometrically smaller cross section on. Both the cooling channel for the inlet 20 and the cooling channels for the return 22 have an approximately rectangular cross-section, which is explained in more detail with reference to FIG. 2a.
Fig. 2a zeigt einen erfindungsgemäßen Querschnitt des Kühlkanals für den Zulauf 20, der im Wesentlichen rechteckig ist, wobei zwei kürzere Seiten 24, die in Y-Richtung verlaufen, einen geraden Verlauf aufweisen und zueinander parallel sind. Zwei in Z-Richtung verlaufende längere Seiten 26, 27 des annähernd rechteckigen Querschnitts weisen eine Wellenform mit mehreren Wellenbergen 28 und Wellentälern 29 auf. Die Wellenberge 28 weisen geometrisch dasselbe Maximum und die Wellentäler 29 geometrisch dasselbe Minimum auf, wobei in Y- Richtung gesehen jeweils alle Wellenberge und alle Wellentäler auf derselben Höhe liegen. Die Wellenberge 28 und Wellentäler 29 sind derart angeordnet, dass sich jeweils ein Wellenberg 28 der ersten längeren Seite 26 genau mit einem Wellental 29 der zweiten längeren Seite 27 gegenüber liegt, sodass der Querschnitt entlang der Z-Achse einer Ziehharmonika ähnelt. Der Querschnitt ändert sich somit entlang der Z-Achse, wobei er schmaler und weiter wird. Fig. 2a shows a cross-section according to the invention of the cooling channel for the inlet 20, which is substantially rectangular, wherein two shorter sides 24, which extend in the Y direction, have a straight course and are parallel to each other. Two Z-directional longer sides 26, 27 of approximately rectangular cross-section have a wave form with multiple crests 28 and troughs 29. The wave crests 28 have geometrically the same maximum and the wave troughs 29 geometrically the same minimum, as seen in the Y direction each wave peaks and all wave troughs are at the same height. The wave crests 28 and wave troughs 29 are arranged such that in each case a wave crest 28 of the first longer side 26 lies exactly opposite a wave trough 29 of the second longer side 27, so that the cross section along the Z axis resembles an accordion. The cross section thus changes along the Z axis, becoming narrower and wider.
Die Kanalgeometrie des Kühlkanals für den Zulauf 20 findet sich in ähnlicher Form auch jeweils an den Kühlkanälen für den Rücklauf 22, wobei die Kühlkanäle für den Rücklauf 22 jeweils dieselben Maxima der Wellenberge 28 und Minima der Wellentäler 29 aufweisen, jedoch in Z- Richtung gesehen jeweils kürzer ausgeführt sind, sodass sich insgesamt eine verringerte Querschnittsfläche jeder der Kühlkanäle für den Rücklauf 22 im Vergleich mit dem Kühlkanal für den Zulauf 20 ergibt. The channel geometry of the cooling channel for the inlet 20 is also found in a similar form to the cooling channels for the return 22, wherein the cooling channels for the return 22 each have the same maxima of the peaks 28 and minima of the troughs 29, but in Z- Seen in the direction are each made shorter, so that the overall result is a reduced cross-sectional area of each of the cooling channels for the return 22 in comparison with the cooling channel for the inlet 20.
Fig. 3 zeigt die Kühlplatte 9 mit den Kühlmittelanschlüssen 12, 13. Die Kühlplatte 9 ist in der XZ- Ebene an ihrem in Z-Richtung gesehen oberen und unteren Bereich in der Tiefe (in Y-Richtung) mit geringerer Wandstärke ausgeführt und weist in jedem seiner vier Ecken eine Bohrung 32 auf. Durch diese Bohrungen 32 werden die Schrauben der Verbindungselemente 15 geführt. 3 shows the cooling plate 9 with the coolant connections 12, 13. The cooling plate 9 is designed in the XZ plane at its seen in the Z direction upper and lower area in the depth (in the Y direction) with a smaller wall thickness and has in a bore 32 at each of its four corners. Through these holes 32, the screws of the connecting elements 15 are guided.
Fig. 4 zeigt einen Schnitt in X-Richtung durch die Kühlplatte 9 gemäß Fig. 3. Auf der den Kühlmittelanschlüssen 12, 13 abgewandten Stirnseite der Kühlplatte 9 sind der Kühlkanal für den Zulauf 20 mit allen Kühlkanälen für den Rücklauf 22 über eine Verbindungsleitung 30 verbunden. Die Kühlplatte 9 weist an der die Kühlmittelanschlüsse 12, 13 aufweisenden Stirnseite 1 1 eine Kopplungsleitung 31 auf. Die Kopplungsleitung 31 verbindet die Kühlkanäle für den Rücklauf 22 miteinander. Die Kopplungsleitung 31 ist über ihre gesamte in Z-Richtung verlaufende Länge mit dem Kühlmittelanschluss für den Kühlmittelauslass 13 verbunden, wobei die rohrförmige Geometrie des Kühlmittelanschluss für den Kühlmittelauslass 13 sich in On the coolant ports 12, 13 facing away from the end face of the cooling plate 9, the cooling channel for the inlet 20 with all cooling channels for the return 22 via a connecting line 30 are connected , The cooling plate 9 has at the coolant connections 12, 13 having end face 1 1 a coupling line 31. The coupling line 31 connects the cooling channels for the return 22 to each other. The coupling line 31 is connected over its entire length extending in the Z direction with the coolant connection for the coolant outlet 13, wherein the tubular geometry of the coolant connection for the coolant outlet 13 in
Richtung der Kühlkanäle für den Rücklauf 22 trichterartig öffnet. Direction of the cooling channels for the return 22 funnel-like opens.
Der Kühlmittelanschluss für den Kühlmitteleinlass 12 öffnet sich in Richtung des Kühlkanal für den Zulauf 20 ebenfalls trichterartig, da sich der Querschnitt zwischen dem Kühlmittelanschluss für den Kühlmitteleinlass 12 und dem Kühlkanal für den Zulauf 20 ändert. The coolant connection for the coolant inlet 12 also opens like a funnel in the direction of the cooling channel for the inlet 20, since the cross section between the coolant connection for the coolant inlet 12 and the cooling channel for the inlet 20 changes.
Bezugszeichenliste LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
I Traktionsbatterie I traction battery
3 Zellmodul 3 cell module
5 Verbinder  5 connectors
7 Stirnseite der Zellmodule  7 front side of the cell modules
8 Kühlvorrichtung  8 cooling device
9 Kühlplatte  9 cooling plate
I I Stirnseite der Kühlplatte  I I front side of the cooling plate
12 Kühlmittelanschluss für den Kühlmitteleinlass 12 coolant connection for the coolant inlet
13 Kühlmittelanschluss für den Kühlmittelauslass 15 Verbindungselemente 13 Coolant outlet for the coolant outlet 15 Connecting elements
18 thermische Leitschicht  18 thermal conductive layer
20 Kühlkanal für den Zulauf 20 cooling channel for the inlet
22 Kühlkanal für den Rücklauf 22 Cooling channel for the return
24 kürzere Seite 24 shorter side
26 erste längere Seite  26 first longer side
27 zweite längere Seite  27 second longer side
28 Wellenberg  28 wave mountain
29 Wellental  29 wave valley
30 Verbindungsleitung  30 connecting line
31 Kopplungsleitung  31 coupling line
32 Bohrung  32 bore

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Traktionsbatterie (1 ) für ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einer Kühlvorrichtung (8) zur 1. Traction battery (1) for a motor vehicle with a cooling device (8) for
Temperierung von Batteriezellen, die zumindest eine Kühlplatte (9) aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlplatte (9) aus einem Strangpressprofil ausgeführt ist und wenigstens einen Kühlkanal (20, 22) aufweist.  Temperature control of battery cells, which has at least one cooling plate (9), characterized in that the cooling plate (9) is made of an extruded profile and at least one cooling channel (20, 22).
2. Traktionsbatterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der 2. traction battery (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the
wenigstens eine Kühlkanal (20, 22) einen annähernd rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweist.  at least one cooling channel (20, 22) has an approximately rectangular cross-section.
3. Traktionsbatterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die kürzeren Seiten (24) des Kühlkanals (20, 22) einen geraden Verlauf aufweisen und zueinander parallel sind und seine längeren Seiten (26, 27) annähernd einer Wellengeometrie, aufweisend Wellberge (28) und Wellentäler (29) folgen. 3. traction battery (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the shorter sides (24) of the cooling channel (20, 22) have a straight course and are parallel to each other and its longer sides (26, 27) approximately a wave geometry, comprising wells (28) and troughs (29).
4. Traktionsbatterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die beiden Verläufe der gegenüber liegenden längeren Seiten (26,27) um einen Wellenberg (28) derart zueinander verschoben sind, dass sich der Wellenberg (28) der ersten längeren Seite (26) mit dem Wellental (29) der zweiten längeren Seite (27) genau gegenüber liegt. 4. traction battery (1) according to claim 3, characterized in that the two curves of the opposite longer sides (26,27) about a wave crest (28) are shifted from each other such that the crest (28) of the first longer side ( 26) with the trough (29) of the second longer side (27) is exactly opposite.
5. Traktionsbatterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass jede der beiden längeren Seiten (26,27) des Kühlkanals (20, 22) mehrere Wellenberge (28) und Wellentäler (29) aufweist, sodass der Querschnitt des Kühlkanals (20, 22) im Wesentlichen einer Ziehharmonika ähnelt. 5. traction battery (1) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that each of the two longer sides (26,27) of the cooling channel (20, 22) a plurality of peaks (28) and troughs (29), so that the cross section of the cooling channel (20, 22) is substantially similar to a concertina.
6. Traktionsbatterie (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch 6. traction battery (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlplatte (9) wenigstens zwei voneinander getrennte Kühlmittelanschlüsse (12, 13) aufweist.  characterized in that the cooling plate (9) has at least two separate coolant connections (12, 13).
7. Traktionsbatterie (1 ) nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch 7. traction battery (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized
gekennzeichnet, dass die Kühlplatte (9) mindestens drei Kühlkanäle (20, 22) aufweist, wobei ein Kühlkanal (20) für einen Zulauf eines Kühlmittels und mehrere Kühlkanäle (22) für einen Rücklauf des Kühlmittels vorgesehen sind. characterized in that the cooling plate (9) has at least three cooling channels (20, 22), wherein a cooling channel (20) are provided for an inlet of a coolant and a plurality of cooling channels (22) for a return of the coolant.
8. Traktionsbatterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlkanal (20) für den Zulauf des Kühlmittels eine größere Querschnittsfläche aufweist, als jeder der Kühlkanäle (22) für den Rücklauf des Kühlmittels, wobei die Kühlkanäle (22) für den Rücklauf jeweils denselben Querschnitt aufweisen. 8. traction battery (1) according to claim 7, characterized in that the cooling channel (20) for the inlet of the coolant has a larger cross-sectional area than each of the cooling channels (22) for the return of the coolant, wherein the cooling channels (22) for the Return each have the same cross-section.
9. Traktionsbatterie (1 ) nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die drei 9. traction battery (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the three
Kühlkanäle (22) innerhalb der Kühlplatte (9) auf der den Kühlmittelanschlüssen (12, 13) zugewandten Stirnseite (1 1 ) der Kühlplatte (9) miteinander verbunden sind.  Cooling channels (22) within the cooling plate (9) on the coolant connections (12, 13) facing the end face (1 1) of the cooling plate (9) are interconnected.
10. Traktionsbatterie (1 ) nach einem der Ansprüche 7 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kühlkanal für den Zulauf (20) und die Kühlkanäle für den Rücklauf (22) des Kühlmittels innerhalb der Kühlplatte (9) auf der den Kühlmittelanschlüssen (12, 13) abgewandten Stirnseite der Kühlplatte (9) miteinander verbunden sind. 10. traction battery (1) according to one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the cooling channel for the inlet (20) and the cooling channels for the return (22) of the coolant within the cooling plate (9) on the coolant connections (12, 13) facing away from the end face of the cooling plate (9) are interconnected.
PCT/EP2016/058857 2015-07-31 2016-04-21 Traction battery for a motor vehicle, comprising a cooling device WO2017021018A1 (en)

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EP16717924.1A EP3328678A1 (en) 2015-07-31 2016-04-21 Traction battery for a motor vehicle, comprising a cooling device
CN201680045759.9A CN107848436A (en) 2015-07-31 2016-04-21 The traction battery for motor vehicle with cooling device

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