WO2017020627A1 - 一种实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置及其方法 - Google Patents
一种实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置及其方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017020627A1 WO2017020627A1 PCT/CN2016/082435 CN2016082435W WO2017020627A1 WO 2017020627 A1 WO2017020627 A1 WO 2017020627A1 CN 2016082435 W CN2016082435 W CN 2016082435W WO 2017020627 A1 WO2017020627 A1 WO 2017020627A1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J9/00—Programme-controlled manipulators
- B25J9/08—Programme-controlled manipulators characterised by modular constructions
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- the invention relates to a device and a method for realizing the seamless movement of a head and a neck of a robot, which can realize the head raising, the head turning and the horizontal rotation of the robot, and there is no gap between the head and the neck of the robot regardless of turning to any angle. .
- a robot is a machine that performs work automatically. It can accept human command, run pre-programmed programs, or act according to the principles of artificial intelligence. Its mission is to assist or replace the work of human work, such as production, construction, or dangerous work.
- Robots generally consist of actuators, drives, detection devices and control systems, and complex machinery.
- the relevant parts of the robot body are often referred to as different structures such as base, waist, neck, arm, wrist, hand, and head.
- the application of the present invention is directed to the above problem, and proposes a very flexible transmission mechanism and a corresponding control method.
- the robot By serially combining several rotating electric machines not in the same plane, and then through the linkage algorithm, the robot can be perfectly raised and lowered. And horizontal rotation, the head can reach any angle, the head can be real Now at least 15°, the horizontally rotating motor can achieve 360° free rotation, and there is no gap between the head and neck regardless of turning to any angle.
- the device for realizing the seamless movement of the head and neck of the robot includes a plurality of movable units connected together, and the distal end of each active unit is a rotating end connected to the next active unit, next
- the rotation of the activity unit can drive the upper active unit, the proximal end of each active unit is a fixed end, and the adjacent two movable units are connected to each other through the first and the last, and the rotation plane of each active unit is not
- the rotation planes of other active units are parallel or overlapping, and the distal end of the second active unit is rotated with the neck of the robot to drive the neck together.
- the proximal end of the last active unit is connected to the neck of the robot, and the distal end is connected to the head of the robot.
- the connection drives the head to rotate together.
- the movable unit comprises a motor and a motor bracket at a fixed end, a bearing at the rotating end, a spindle and a spindle bracket, the spindle is rotated by a motor rotor through a synchronous wheel, and a support frame rotating with the spindle is further arranged on the spindle bracket.
- the spindle bracket and the motor bracket of the previous active unit are fixed on the support frame of the next movable unit, and are inclined at a certain angle, so that the rotation planes of the adjacent two movable units are not parallel to each other. .
- the device for realizing the seamless movement of the head and neck of the robot comprises four movable units connected in series with each other, and the first three active units from low to high according to the spindle bracket and the motor bracket of the movable unit of the previous section. It is fixed on the support frame of the next active unit and connected at an angle.
- the support frame of the third active unit is connected to the neck of the robot.
- the motor bracket and the spindle bracket of the fourth movable unit are fixed to the neck of the robot.
- the support frame is connected to the head of the robot.
- the neck and the head of the robot can be mutually aligned, and the head and the neck of the robot are two sides of the same circle, and the head and neck are seamless.
- Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for realizing seamless movement of a head and neck of a robot, the method comprising a mechanical structure design module, a fixed structure design module and a control algorithm module, wherein the device is a mechanical structure design module.
- the module is composed of a series of rotating structures on different horizontal planes. The angle design of each rotating plane determines the angle at which the head can be raised and lowered, and the series mechanism realizes the superposition of motion; the fixed structure design module with the transmission structure, The main purpose of the module is to distinguish the head from the body.
- the head and neck are seamless by dividing the head into two planes of the same circle.
- the control algorithm module is used to control the coordinated rotation of each motor to achieve the desired motion. Modeling is used to simulate the motion in all directions, and then the rotation angle of each motor is solved inversely according to the target point to be reached.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a single-section active unit in an embodiment of the present application.
- Figure 2 is a front elevational view of an embodiment of the present application
- Figure 3 is a side view of an embodiment of the present application.
- Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of Figure 3;
- FIG. 5 is a default state
- FIG. 6 is a head-up state
- FIG. 7 is a head-down state
- 1 is a motor
- 2 is a motor bracket
- 3 is a synchronous wheel
- 4 is a belt
- 5 is a spindle bracket
- 6 is a spindle
- 7 is a support frame
- 8 is a bearing
- 9 is a robot head
- 10 is a rotor.
- the device for realizing the seamless movement of the head and neck of the robot comprises a plurality of movable units connected together, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the movable unit comprises a motor 1, a motor bracket 2, and a bearing 6
- the main shaft 6 and the main shaft bracket 5, the motor bracket 2 is arranged on the motor 1, which functions as a support and a fixed.
- the main shaft 6 is located at the center of the bearing 8, the bearing 8 is fixed on the main shaft bracket 5, and the main shaft 6 passes through the synchronous wheel 3 and the belt. 4 is rotated by the motor rotor 10, and a support frame 7 that rotates together with the main shaft is further provided on the spindle holder 5.
- the device for realizing the seamless movement of the head and neck of the robot is composed of a plurality of the above-mentioned movable units connected in series.
- the movable unit is four.
- the adjacent two active units are connected to each other through the head and tail, that is, the motor and the spindle of the previous active unit are fixed to the next active unit through the bracket.
- the end of the sequence is connected to connect the movable units in series; the shape of the motor bracket and the spindle bracket in each movable unit are inconsistent, and the tilting effect is generated by the modification of the shape to achieve the main shaft of each active unit.
- the plane of rotation does not parallel or overlap with the plane of rotation of other movable units, but at an angle; the support frame of the movable unit of the neck is fixed to the neck of the robot, and the neck is rotated together, and the motor bracket and the spindle of the head movable unit
- the bracket is fixed to the neck of the robot, the distal end is fixed to the head of the robot, and the head is rotated together; the neck and the head of the robot can be mutually aligned, and the head and the neck of the robot are the same circle. Cut noodles, no gap between the head and neck.
- the above-mentioned device can realize the seamless movement of the head and neck of the robot, including the mechanical structure design module, the fixed structure design module and the control algorithm module, and the above device is a mechanical structure design module, and each rotation plane
- the angle design determines the angle at which the head can be raised and lowered, and the series mechanism realizes the superposition of motion;
- the fixed structure design module of the transmission structure the main purpose of the module is to distinguish the head from the body, by dividing the head into two planes of the same circle, The gap between the head and neck is zero;
- the control algorithm module is used to control the coordinated rotation of each motor to achieve the desired action.
- the algorithm mainly simulates the motion in all directions by modeling, and then according to the target point to be achieved. Reverse the angle of rotation of each motor, as shown in Figure 5-7.
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- Robotics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
- Manipulator (AREA)
Abstract
一种实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置及其方法,包括机械结构设计模块、固定结构设计模块和控制算法模块,机械结构设计模块是由数个在不同水平面上的旋转结构串联组成,每一个旋转平面的角度设计决定了可以实现抬头、低头的角度,串联机构实现了运动的叠加;配合传动结构的固定结构设计模块的主要目的是区分头与身体,通过在头部分成同圆两个切面,使得头颈部无缝隙;控制算法模块用来控制各个电机的协同转动,从而实现想要的动作,该算法通过建模来模拟各个方向的运动,然后根据要达到的目标点反向求解各个电机的转动角度。
Description
本发明申请涉及一种实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置及其方法,可以实现机器人的抬头、低头及水平转动,而且不管转到任何角度,机器人的头颈部之间都没有任何缝隙。
机器人是自动执行工作的机器装置,它既可以接受人类指挥,又可以运行预先编排的程序,也可以根据以人工智能技术制定的原则纲领行动。它的任务是协助或取代人类工作的工作,例如生产业、建筑业,或是危险的工作。机器人一般由执行机构、驱动装置、检测装置和控制系统和复杂机械等组成。出于拟人化的考虑,常将机器人本体的有关部位分别称为基座、腰部、颈部、臂部、腕部、手部、头部等不同结构。
随着核心技术的发展,机器人越来越普及,机器人的传动结构要求也越来越高,现有的机器人都是通过一个电机直接带动头部摆动,从而实现抬头或低头,这种方法有两个个限制:1、幅度有限,没有办法支持大幅度的抬头或低头;2、在颈部会有大的缝隙,就算用结构遮挡也很不美观。
发明内容
本发明申请即是针对上述问题,提出了一种非常灵活的传动机构及相应的控制方法,通过将数个不在同一平面的旋转电机串联组合,然后通过联动算法,可以完美实现机器人的抬头、低头及水平转动,抬头幅度可以达到任意角度,低头可以实
现至少15°,水平转动的电机都可以实现360°任意转动,而且不管转到任何角度,头颈部都没有任何缝隙。
本发明申请的一个目的是提供一种实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置。
具体来说,所述的实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置,包括数节连接在一起的活动单元,每节活动单元的远端为与下一节活动单元连接的旋转端,下一节活动单元的旋转可带动上一节活动单元,每节活动单元的近端为固定端,相邻的两节活动单元之间通过首尾互相旋转连接,且每节活动单元的旋转平面均不与其它活动单元的旋转平面平行或重叠,次末节活动单元的远端与机器人的颈部连接带动颈部一起转动,最末节活动单元的近端与机器人的颈部连接,远端与机器人的头部连接带动头部一起转动。
进一步的,所述活动单元包括位于固定端的电机与电机支架,位于旋转端的轴承、主轴与主轴支架,主轴通过同步轮由电机转子带动旋转,在主轴支架上还设有与主轴一起旋转的支撑架,除最末节活动单元外,上一节活动单元的主轴支架和电机支架固定在下一节活动单元的支撑架上,且倾斜一定的角度,从而使得相邻两节活动单元的旋转平面不相互平行。
更进一步的,所述的实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置,包括四节相互串联在一起的活动单元,由低至高的前三节活动单元按照上一节活动单元的主轴支架和电机支架固定在下一节活动单元的支撑架上且倾斜一定角度的方式连接,第三节活动单元的支撑架与机器人的颈部连接,第四节活动单元的电机支架和主轴支架固定在机器人的颈部,支撑架与机器人的头部连接。
进一步的,所述机器人的颈部与头部可相互对合,机器人的头部和颈部为同圆的两个切面,头颈部无缝隙。
本发明申请的另一个目的是提供一种实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的方法,所述方法包括机械结构设计模块、固定结构设计模块和控制算法模块,上述的装置为机械结构设计模块,该模块是由数个在不同水平面上的旋转结构串联组成,每一个旋转平面的角度设计决定了可以实现抬头、低头的角度,串联机构实现了运动的叠加;配合传动结构的固定结构设计模块,该模块主要目的是区分头与身体,通过在头部分成同圆两个切面,使得头颈部无缝隙;控制算法模块,用来控制各个电机的协同转动,从而实现想要的动作,该算法通过建模来模拟各个方向的运动,然后根据要达到的目标点反向求解各个电机的转动角度。
本发明申请所述的实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置及其方法,具有以下的优点:
1、所有的运动都是不同倾角的转动,没有任何的摆动,从而大大简化了结构;
2、使用各个运动串联的结构,实现了运动的叠加,为灵活性奠定了基础,可以实现抬头及低头的大幅度;
3、通过同圆切面转动实现大幅度抬低头但头颈部无缝隙。
图1是本发明申请实施例中单节活动单元的结构示意图;
图2是本发明申请实施例的正视图;
图3是本发明申请实施例的侧视图;
图4是图3中AA线的剖视图;
图5-7是本发明申请所述装置控制机器人头颈部不同状态下的示意图,其中,图5为默认状态,图6为抬头状态、图7为低头状态;
其中,1为电机、2为电机支架、3为同步轮、4为皮带、5为主轴支架、6为主轴、7为支撑架、8为轴承、9为机器人头部、10为转子。
以下结合附图,对本发明申请所述的技术内容进行非限制性的描述,目的为了公众更好理解所述技术。
本发明申请所述的实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置,包括数节连接在一起的活动单元,如图1实施例所示,该活动单元包括电机1、电机支架2,以及轴承6、主轴6与主轴支架5,电机支架2设置在电机1上,起到支撑和固定的作用,主轴6位于轴承8的中心,轴承8固定在主轴支架5上,主轴6通过同步轮3和皮带4由电机转子10带动旋转,在主轴支架5上还设有与主轴一起旋转的支撑架7。
本发明申请所述的实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置,即是由数个上述的活动单元串联构成,在本实施例中,如图2-4所示,所述活动单元为四个,分别对应机器人的底部、中部、颈部和头部,相邻的两节活动单元之间通过首尾互相连接,即上一节活动单元的电机和主轴通过支架固定于下一节活动单元的支撑架上,这样依次收尾相连将活动单元串联起来;每节活动单元中的电机支架和主轴支架的形状并不一致,通过对其形状的改动产生倾斜的效果,以达到每节活动单元的主轴的旋
转平面均不与其它活动单元的旋转平面平行或重叠,而呈一定的角度;颈部活动单元的支撑架与机器人的颈部固定,带动颈部一起转动,头部活动单元的电机支架与主轴支架与机器人的颈部固定,远端与机器人的头部固定,带动头部一起转动;所述机器人的颈部与头部可相互对合,机器人的头部和颈部为同圆的两个切面,头颈部无缝隙。
这样,通过上述的装置,则能够实现所述机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动,包括机械结构设计模块、固定结构设计模块和控制算法模块,上述的装置为机械结构设计模块,每一个旋转平面的角度设计决定了可以实现抬头、低头的角度,串联机构实现了运动的叠加;配合传动结构的固定结构设计模块,该模块主要目的是区分头与身体,通过在头部分成同圆两个切面,使得头颈部的缝隙为零;控制算法模块,用来控制各个电机的协同转动,从而实现想要的动作,该算法主要是通过建模来模拟各个方向的运动,然后根据要达到的目标点反向求解各个电机的转动角度,如图5-7所示。
应该理解的是,上述内容不对所述技术内容有任何限制,事实上,凡以相同或近似原理对所述结构进行的改进,包括各部分形状、尺寸、所用材质,以及相应元件的功能等同替换,都在本发明申请所要求保护的技术方案之内。
Claims (5)
- 一种实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置,其特征在于:包括数节连接在一起的活动单元,每节活动单元的远端为与下一节活动单元连接的旋转端,每节活动单元的近端为固定端,相邻的两节活动单元之间通过首尾互相连接,下一节活动单元的旋转可带动上一节活动单元,且每节活动单元的旋转平面均不与其它活动单元的旋转平面平行或重叠,次末节活动单元的远端与机器人的颈部连接带动颈部一起转动,最末节活动单元的近端与机器人的颈部连接,远端与机器人的头部连接带动头部一起转动。
- 根据权利要求1所述的实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置,其特征在于:所述活动单元包括位于固定端的电机与电机支架,位于旋转端的轴承、主轴与主轴支架,主轴通过同步轮由电机转子带动旋转,在主轴支架上还设有与主轴一起旋转的支撑架,除最末节活动单元外,上一节活动单元的主轴支架和电机支架固定在下一节活动单元的支撑架上,且倾斜一定的角度,从而使得相邻两节活动单元的旋转平面不相互平行。
- 根据权利要求2所述的实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置,其特征在于:包括四节相互串联在一起的活动单元,由低至高的前三节活动单元按照上一节活动单元的主轴支架和电机支架固定在下一节活动单元的支撑架上且倾斜一定角度的方式连接,第三节活动单元的支撑架与机器人的颈部连接,第四节活动单元的电机支架和主轴支架固定在机器人的颈部,支撑架与机器人的头部连接。
- 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置, 其特征在于:所述机器人的颈部与头部可相互对合,机器人的头部和颈部为同圆的两个切面,头颈部无缝隙。
- 一种利用权利要求1-4所述装置实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的方法,其特征在于:所述方法包括使用机械结构设计模块、固定结构设计模块和控制算法模块,上述的装置为机械结构设计模块,该模块是由数个在不同水平面上的旋转结构串联组成,每一个旋转平面的角度设计决定了可以实现抬头、低头的角度,串联机构实现了运动的叠加;配合传动结构的固定结构设计模块,该模块主要目的是区分头与身体,通过在头部分成同圆两个切面,使得头颈部无缝隙;控制算法模块,用来控制各个电机的协同转动,从而实现想要的动作,该算法通过建模来模拟各个方向的运动,然后根据要达到的目标点反向求解各个电机的转动角度。
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CN116039798A (zh) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-05-02 | 深圳鹏行智能研究有限公司 | 连接机构及足式机器人 |
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CN103538064B (zh) * | 2013-10-24 | 2016-08-17 | 上海电机学院 | 魔棒机器人 |
CN104265584A (zh) * | 2014-09-19 | 2015-01-07 | 孔祥青 | 垂直轴风力发电机的动力传动装置 |
CN104440925B (zh) * | 2014-11-27 | 2016-05-04 | 国家康复辅具研究中心 | 一种宠物型陪护机器人及系统 |
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JP2007160482A (ja) * | 2005-12-16 | 2007-06-28 | Ixs Research:Kk | 首部関節機構及びそれを具備するロボット |
JP2012152853A (ja) * | 2011-01-26 | 2012-08-16 | Toyota Motor Corp | ロボット装置 |
US20140137688A1 (en) * | 2012-11-21 | 2014-05-22 | Future Robot Co., Ltd. | Robot neck joint structure |
CN103273493A (zh) * | 2013-05-24 | 2013-09-04 | 西南交通大学 | 一种机器人颈部机构 |
CN105108747A (zh) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-12-02 | 深圳市金刚蚁机器人技术有限公司 | 一种实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置及其方法 |
CN204913903U (zh) * | 2015-08-04 | 2015-12-30 | 深圳市金刚蚁机器人技术有限公司 | 一种实现机器人的头颈部无缝隙活动的装置 |
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CN116039798A (zh) * | 2023-01-31 | 2023-05-02 | 深圳鹏行智能研究有限公司 | 连接机构及足式机器人 |
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