WO2017020611A1 - 标签位置确定系统、方法、装置及光标签 - Google Patents

标签位置确定系统、方法、装置及光标签 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017020611A1
WO2017020611A1 PCT/CN2016/079931 CN2016079931W WO2017020611A1 WO 2017020611 A1 WO2017020611 A1 WO 2017020611A1 CN 2016079931 W CN2016079931 W CN 2016079931W WO 2017020611 A1 WO2017020611 A1 WO 2017020611A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tag
optical
information
label
location
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PCT/CN2016/079931
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
徐继东
付志明
王莹
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2017020611A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017020611A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K17/00—Methods or arrangements for effecting co-operative working between equipments covered by two or more of main groups G06K1/00 - G06K15/00, e.g. automatic card files incorporating conveying and reading operations

Definitions

  • the present application relates to, but is not limited to, the field of optical communications, and more particularly to a tag location determining system, method, apparatus and optical tag.
  • the label can be applied to the item inventory technology in the logistics.
  • people have put forward a fast and convenient logistics inventory and positioning requirements in the field of circulation.
  • This requires a fast, convenient, accurate and low-cost label identification technology, taking into account the requirements of energy saving and environmental protection. Editability has also become a basic requirement.
  • the label recognition technology that satisfies the above requirements is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology, which has the characteristics of non-contact, label passive, and label identification (ID) information editable.
  • RFID Radio Frequency Identification
  • ID label identification
  • FIG. 1 is a basic structural diagram of an indoor positioning of an RFID tag in the related art. Because it adopts the method of intensity localization based on Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI), in order to improve the accuracy of positioning, it is necessary to first place several positioning reference tags and multiple read/write heads. In order to accurately locate the required RFID. Therefore, the positioning process in the related art is extremely complicated, and is affected by electromagnetic fields of other objects in the room, that is, after the indoor items are moved, the parameters of the original calculation model need to be re-corrected to ensure the accuracy of the positioning; and at the same time, wireless is used in the related art.
  • RSSI Received Signal Strength Indication
  • the radio frequency is transmitted, so it also has some weaknesses of the radio frequency, such as: sensitive to the electromagnetic radiation field and the metal device, and can not work normally; at the same time, the RFID tag cannot be too small due to the antenna, so the RFID tag is in many places. The work is limited. Therefore, in the related art, when the RFID tag is used to locate an article, the positioning accuracy is susceptible to the environment and the positioning efficiency is low.
  • the present invention provides a tag position determining system, method, device and optical tag to solve at least the problem that the positioning accuracy is easily affected by the environment and the positioning efficiency is low when the object is positioned by the RFID tag in the related art.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a tag location determining system, including:
  • the optical label is disposed on the item, and is configured to: receive, by the optical label reading and writing device, an inquiry command sent by the downlink light, and/or send the label information of the optical label to the optical label reading and writing device by using the upstream light, the question The command is used to instruct the optical label to report label information, where the label information is used to determine a location of the optical label;
  • the one or more optical tag reading and writing devices are configured to: send the query command to the optical tag by using the downlink light, and/or receive the tag information that is sent by the optical tag by the uplink optical.
  • the optical label includes:
  • a photocell configured to: receive downlink light and convert the downlink light into electrical energy, and/or receive the inquiry command;
  • the power management module is configured to: perform at least one of: storing the electrical energy, supplying power to the optical transmitter, and supplying power to the micro control processor;
  • a light emitter configured to: send the label information by using the uplink light
  • a memory configured to: store the label information
  • a micro control processor configured to: perform at least one of: controlling the photocell to receive the downward light, controlling the photocell to receive the inquiry command, and controlling the power management module to the light emitter Powering, controlling the optical transmitter to transmit the tag information, and controlling the memory to store and compare the tag information.
  • the optical tag reading and writing device includes:
  • a photodetector configured to: receive the tag information
  • the LED is configured to: emit downlink light and/or send the inquiry command;
  • the control chip is configured to: perform at least one of: controlling the LED to emit the downlink light, and controlling the LED to send the inquiry command to process the label information.
  • system further includes:
  • the computing device is configured to calculate a location of the optical tag based at least on the tag information.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining a location of a label, including:
  • the method further includes at least one of the following:
  • the movement information of the optical tag is determined by using information of a position of the optical tag and information of a position of the optical tag stored in advance.
  • the determining, according to the label information, the location of the optical label includes:
  • the location of the optical tag is determined using the computing device based at least on the tag information.
  • the label information includes at least one of the following: an identifier ID information of the optical label, a time when the optical label sends the label information, and/or,
  • Determining, according to the label information, the location information of the optical label includes:
  • Determining a location of the optical tag based on at least one of the tag information and the following information: a time at which the tag information is received and a signal strength when the tag information is received.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for determining a location of a label, including:
  • the method further includes:
  • the label information includes at least one of the following:
  • the ID information of the optical tag and the time when the tag information is sent are the ID information of the optical tag and the time when the tag information is sent.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, which are implemented when the computer executable instructions are executed.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a tag location determining apparatus, including:
  • the first sending module is configured to: send, by using the downlink optical, an inquiry instruction for instructing the optical label to report the label information to the optical label;
  • the first receiving module is configured to: receive the label information that is reported by the optical label according to the query instruction by using the uplink light;
  • the first determining module is configured to: determine the location of the optical tag based at least on the tag information.
  • the device further comprises at least one of the following:
  • a saving module configured to: save information of a location of the optical label
  • a second sending module configured to: send information about a location of the optical tag to the optical tag;
  • the second determining module is configured to determine the movement information of the optical tag by using information of a location of the optical tag and information of a location of the optical tag saved in advance.
  • the first determining module includes:
  • a sending unit configured to: send the label information to a computing device configured to calculate a location of the optical label
  • the determining unit is configured to: determine, by the computing device, the location of the optical tag based on at least the tag information.
  • the label information includes at least one of the following: an identifier ID information of the optical label, The time when the optical tag sends the tag information; and/or,
  • the first determining module is configured to: determine a location of the optical label according to at least one of the label information and the following information: a time when the label information is received, and a signal strength when the label information is received.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an optical tag reading and writing device, including the device according to any of the above.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a tag location determining apparatus, including:
  • the second receiving module is configured to: receive an inquiry command sent by the optical tag reading and writing device configured to determine the position of the optical tag by using the downlink light, where the query command is used to instruct the optical tag to report the tag information, the tag Information is used to determine the location of the optical tag;
  • the third sending module is configured to: send the label information to the optical label reading and writing device according to the query instruction.
  • the device further includes: a third receiving module, configured to: receive location information of the optical tag sent by the optical tag reading and writing device.
  • the label information includes at least one of the following:
  • the ID information of the optical tag and the time when the tag information is sent are the ID information of the optical tag and the time when the tag information is sent.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an optical tag, including the device of any of the above.
  • the label position determining system includes: an optical label, which is disposed on the item, and is configured to: receive an inquiry command sent by the optical label reading and writing device through the downlink light and/or use the upward light to transmit the light
  • the tag information of the tag is sent to the optical tag reading and writing device, and the query command is used to instruct the optical tag to report tag information, where the tag information is used to determine the location of the optical tag; and one or more optical tags are read and written.
  • the device is configured to: send the query command to the optical label by using the downlink light, and/or receive the label information sent by the optical label by using the uplink optical, to solve the problem of using RFID in the related art.
  • the positioning accuracy is susceptible to the environment and the positioning efficiency is low. Furthermore, the effect of improving the positioning accuracy of the article and improving the positioning efficiency is achieved.
  • 1 is a basic structural diagram of an indoor positioning of an RFID tag in the related art
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the structure of a tag position determining system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the structure of an optical tag 22 in a tag position determining system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the structure of an optical tag reading and writing device 24 in a tag position determining system according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an optional structure of a tag position determining system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of a first method for determining a tag position according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a second method for determining a tag position according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural block diagram of a first type of tag position determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an optional structure of a first type of tag position determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a structural block diagram of a first determining module 86 in a first type of tag position determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the structure of an optical tag reading and writing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a block diagram showing the structure of a second type of tag position determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing an optional structure of a second type of tag position determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a structural block diagram of an optical tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 15 is a structural diagram of an optical tag in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 16 is a block diagram showing the structure of an LED-VLC according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 17 is a basic structural diagram of indoor positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 20 is a flow chart of indoor positioning in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a structural block diagram of a tag position determining system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the system includes an optical tag, one or more optical tag reading and writing devices, wherein between the optical tag and the optical tag reading and writing device Communication is carried out by means of optical wireless communication.
  • Communication is carried out by means of optical wireless communication.
  • the optical tag and the optical tag reading and writing device interact with each other, communication can be performed by transmitting an optical signal.
  • the optical tag reading and writing devices can be located in different control positions, and the more the number of optical tag reading and writing devices, the more accurate the positioning of the optical tags.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates an example in which the number of optical tag reading and writing devices is three.
  • the optical tag 22 is disposed on the article, and is configured to: receive the optical tag read/write device 24 to send an inquiry command sent by the downlink light, and/or transmit the label information of the optical tag to the optical tag reading and writing device by using the upstream light, the inquiry
  • the instruction is used to instruct the optical label to report the label information, where the label information is used to determine the location of the optical label;
  • the one or more optical tag reading and writing devices 24 are configured to: send an inquiry command to the optical tag 22 by downlink light and/or receive tag information transmitted by the optical tag 22 by the uplink optical.
  • the tag information may include the identification (Identification, abbreviated as ID) information of the optical tag 22 and/or the time when the optical tag 22 transmits the tag information.
  • ID identification
  • the light tag 22 can be located on an item, which can be an item to be positioned, and the position of the item can be determined by determining the position of the light tag 22, thereby enabling positioning of the item.
  • the optical tag 22 can be passive, and can supply power to the optical tag through external light, and when the optical tag 22 receives and transmits data, the external tag has little influence, even if the surrounding object is moved, The optical tag 22 receives and transmits data, and the working environment is not limited. Therefore, the problem that the positioning accuracy is easily affected by the environment and the positioning efficiency is low when the RFID tag is used for positioning the article exists in the related art. Furthermore, the effect of improving the positioning accuracy of the article and improving the positioning efficiency is achieved.
  • the optical tag 22 can be a new type of non-contact passive optical tag identification technology, referred to as Optoelectronic Identification (OEID) technology, which uses the photoelectric identification technology to combine visible light communication (Visible Light communication, referred to as For the VLC method, the object in which the OEID tag (referred to as the optical tag) is located can be positioned indoors.
  • OEID Optoelectronic Identification
  • the optical tag 22 includes a photocell 32, a power management module 34, a light emitter 36, a memory 38, and a micro control.
  • the processor 310, the optical label is described below.
  • the photocell 32 is configured to: receive downlink light and convert the downlink light into electrical energy, and/or receive the inquiry command;
  • the power management module 34 is configured to: perform at least one of: storing the electrical energy, supplying power to the optical transmitter 36, and supplying power to the micro control processor 310;
  • the light emitter 36 is configured to: send label information by using the uplink light;
  • the memory 38 is configured to: store tag information
  • the micro control processor 310 is configured to: perform at least one of: controlling the photocell 32 to receive the downward light, controlling the photocell 32 to receive the inquiry command, and controlling the power management module 34 to supply the light emitter 36 to control the light emitter 36.
  • the tag information is sent, and the control memory 38 stores and compares the tag information.
  • the photocell 32 can also be configured to receive information of the location of the optical tag transmitted by the micro control processor.
  • connection relationship between the above parts may be various.
  • the photovoltaic cell 32 may be connected to the micro control processor 310
  • the power management module 34 may be connected to the photocell 32 and the micro control processor 310
  • the light emitter 36 may be connected to the micro control.
  • the processor 310, the memory 38, can be coupled to the micro control processor 310.
  • the connection relationship shown in FIG. 3 is only an example, and may be other connection relationships.
  • the optical tag reading and writing device 24 includes a photodetector 42 and a light emitting diode (Light Emitting Diode, Referring to the LEDs 44 and the control chip 46, the optical tag reading and writing device 24 will be described below.
  • the photodetector 42 is configured to: receive tag information
  • the LEDs 44 are configured to: emit downlink light and/or send an inquiry command;
  • the control chip 46 is configured to: perform at least one of: controlling the LED to emit the downward light, and controlling the LED to send an inquiry command to process the tag information.
  • the LED 44 can be set to emit light and send an inquiry command, and can also be set. To: send the information of the calculated position of the optical tag to the optical tag.
  • connection relationship between the above portions may be various.
  • the photodetector 42 may be connected to the control chip 46
  • the LED 44 may be connected to the control chip 46
  • the photodetector 42 and the LED 44 may or may not be connected.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example in which the photodetector 42 and the LED 44 are not connected.
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing an optional structure of a tag position determining system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the system includes, in addition to the optical tag 22 and one or more optical tag reading and writing devices 24 shown in FIG. A computing device 52 can also be included, the system being described below.
  • the computing device 52 is configured to calculate the position of the optical tag based at least on the tag information.
  • the computing device 52 may further determine the movement information of the optical tag according to the information of the location of the optical tag and the information of the location of the optical tag saved in advance.
  • the computing device 52 can be coupled to the optical tag reader/writer 24 to calculate the location of the optical tag by receiving tag information reported by the optical tag reader/writer 24.
  • the computing device 52 can be a computer or other intelligent terminal.
  • the computing device 52 can also be disposed within the optical tag reader/writer 24.
  • Figure 5 illustrates the connection of computing device 52 to optical tag reader/writer 24 as an example.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a first method for determining a location of a tag according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S602 sending, by the downlink light, an inquiry instruction for instructing the optical label to report the label information to the optical label;
  • Step S604 receiving the label information reported by the optical label by the uplink optical according to the inquiry command
  • Step S606 determining a location of the optical tag based on at least the tag information.
  • the position of the optical tag is determined by using the tag information reported by the optical tag (the optical tag 22 described above), and the optical tag can be located on the item to be positioned, so that the positioning of the item can be achieved.
  • the optical tag can be passive, and the optical tag can be powered by the external light, and when the optical tag receives and transmits data, the external tag has little influence, and even if the surrounding object is moved, the optical tag is not
  • the reception and transmission of data have an impact and the working environment is not limited. Therefore, the problem that the positioning accuracy is easily affected by the environment and the positioning efficiency is low when the RFID tag is used for positioning the article exists in the related art. Furthermore, the effect of improving the positioning accuracy of the article and improving the positioning efficiency is achieved.
  • the method may further include at least one of the following:
  • the movement information of the optical tag is determined by using information of a position of the optical tag and information of a position of the optical tag stored in advance.
  • the general information of the position of the optical tag (for example, the room number) can be transmitted to the optical tag.
  • the determining the location of the optical tag based on at least the label information may include:
  • the location of the optical tag is determined using the computing device based at least on the tag information.
  • the computing device may be a computer or other intelligent terminal.
  • the label information may include at least one of the following: an identifier ID information of the optical label, a time when the optical label sends the label information, and/or,
  • Determining, according to the label information, the location information of the optical label may include:
  • Determining a location of the optical tag based on at least one of the tag information and the following information: a time at which the tag information is received and a signal strength when the tag information is received.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a second method for determining a location of a tag according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7, the method includes the following steps:
  • Step S702 receiving an inquiry command sent by the optical tag reading and writing device set to determine the position of the optical tag by using the downlink light, wherein the inquiry command is used to instruct the optical tag to report the tag information, and the tag information is used to determine the light.
  • the location of the label
  • Step S704 the label information is sent to the optical label reading and writing device according to the query instruction.
  • the optical tag reading and writing device (the optical tag reading and writing device 24 described above) is received.
  • the information of the inquiry command and the sending of the label information may be an optical label, so that the position of the optical label can be determined according to the label information reported by the optical label, and the optical label can be located on the item to be positioned, so that the positioning of the item can be achieved.
  • the optical tag can be passive, and the optical tag can be powered by the external light, and when the optical tag receives and transmits data, the external tag has little influence, and even if the surrounding object is moved, the optical tag is not
  • the reception and transmission of data have an impact and the working environment is not limited. Therefore, the problem that the positioning accuracy is easily affected by the environment and the positioning efficiency is low when the RFID tag is used for positioning the article exists in the related art. Furthermore, the effect of improving the positioning accuracy of the article and improving the positioning efficiency is achieved.
  • the method may further include:
  • the label information may include at least one of the following:
  • the ID information of the optical tag and the time when the tag information is sent are the ID information of the optical tag and the time when the tag information is sent.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer readable storage medium storing computer executable instructions, which are implemented when the computer executable instructions are executed.
  • a label position determining device is further provided, which is configured to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and optional embodiments, and has not been described again.
  • the term “module” may implement a combination of software and/or hardware of a predetermined function.
  • FIG. 8 is a structural block diagram of a first type of tag position determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the apparatus includes a first transmitting module 82 (same as the above-mentioned LED 44) and a first receiving module 84 (same as above).
  • the photodetector 42) and the first determining module 86 are described below.
  • the first sending module 82 is configured to: send, by using the downlink optical, an inquiry command for instructing the optical label to report the label information to the optical label;
  • the first receiving module 84 is connected to the first sending module 82, and configured to: receive the label information that is reported by the optical label according to the query command by the uplink light;
  • the first determining module 86 is connected to the first receiving module 84 and configured to determine the location of the optical tag based on at least the tag information.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing an optional structure of a first type of tag position determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 9, the apparatus includes at least one of the following modules in addition to all the modules shown in FIG. :
  • the saving module 92 is connected to the first determining module 86 and configured to: save information about the location of the optical tag;
  • the second sending module 94 (the same as the above-mentioned LED 44) is connected to the first determining module 86, and configured to: send information of the position of the optical label to the optical label;
  • the second determining module 96 (same to the computing device 52 described above) is coupled to the first determining module 86, configured to: determine the information by using information of a location of the optical tag and information of a location of the optical tag previously saved Mobile information for optical tags.
  • FIG. 10 is a structural block diagram of a first determining module 86 in a first type of tag position determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the first determining module 86 includes a transmitting unit 102 and a determining unit 104. The first determining module 86 is described.
  • the sending unit 102 is configured to: send the label information to a computing device configured to calculate a location of the optical label (same as the computing device 52 described above);
  • the determining unit 104 is connected to the sending unit 102 and is configured to determine the position of the optical tag based on at least the tag information by the computing device.
  • the label information may include at least one of the following: an identifier ID information of the optical label, a time when the optical label sends the label information, and/or,
  • the first determining module 86 is configured to: determine a location of the optical label according to at least one of the label information and the following information: a time when the label information is received and a signal strength when the label information is received.
  • the optical tag reading and writing device 112 includes the first tag position determining device 114 of any of the above.
  • FIG. 12 is a structural block diagram of a second tag position determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, the device includes a second receiving module 122 (the same photocell 32 as described above) and a third transmitting module 124 (the same as above). Light emitter 36), the device will be described below.
  • the second receiving module 122 is configured to: receive the optical label read to be set to determine the position of the optical label An inquiry command sent by the write device by the downlink light, wherein the query command is used to instruct the optical label to report the label information, where the label information is used to determine the location of the optical label;
  • the third sending module 124 is connected to the second receiving module 122 and configured to: send the label information to the optical label reading and writing device according to the query instruction.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing an optional structure of a second tag position determining apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 13, the device includes a third receiving module 132 in addition to all the modules shown in FIG. The above photocell 32) will be described below.
  • the third receiving module 132 is connected to the third sending module 124 and configured to receive the location information of the optical tag sent by the optical tag reading and writing device.
  • the tag information may include at least one of the following:
  • the ID information of the optical tag and the time when the tag information is sent are the ID information of the optical tag and the time when the tag information is sent.
  • the optical tag 142 includes a second tag position determining device 144 of any of the above.
  • the optical tag in the above embodiment may be passive in itself, and the built-in photocell can convert external light into electricity and supply power thereto. It can emit optical signals as well as external optical signals.
  • the basic structure is shown in Figure 15. 15 is a structural diagram of an optical label according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the working flow of the optical label is described below with reference to FIG. 15:
  • the received light can be converted into electrical energy by a photocell (corresponding to the photovoltaic cell receiver in FIG. 15), and the power management module can store the electrical energy on its built-in capacitor and can give the light emitter (corresponding to The LEDs in Figure 15 and the micro control processor (corresponding to the signal processing and controller in Figure 15) are powered.
  • the micro control processor can convert the photocell into a photoreceiver state through the power management module to receive the optical signal of the external head.
  • the power management module can then be controlled by the micro control processor to power the optical transmitter while instructing the optical transmitter to transmit a corresponding upstream optical signal.
  • the OEID tag can be placed on the item to be identified.
  • the indoor LED light is built into a light receiver, which can be used as an OEID read/write head (same as the above-mentioned optical label reading and writing device). It can charge the OEID tag by LED illumination, and can also send instructions to the OEID tag, and can also receive the information of the OEID.
  • FIG. 16 is a structural block diagram of the LED-VLC according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the TIA is a transimpedance Abbreviation for Trans-Impedance Amplifier.
  • the system configured to locate the location of the specified item may be comprised of three (three for improved positioning accuracy, or two or even one) or more than three LED-VLC OEIDs.
  • the OEID tag can be placed on the specified item.
  • FIG. 17 is a basic configuration diagram of indoor positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the first tagged item can be placed in a room with LED-VLC, and there can be at least three LED lights in the room that can be connected to the monitoring computer or external network via the power line.
  • the workflow for indoor positioning can be as follows: first, the LED light can be turned on to charge the OEID tag; then, the OEID can be sent to the OEID according to the Point to Multiple Point (P2MP) protocol, so that only one OEID tag can be used at a time.
  • P2MP Point to Multiple Point
  • the uplink reply is transmitted; multiple LED-VLC lamps can receive the OEID tag reply signal almost simultaneously, and the OEID tag can be estimated by TDOA (Time difference of Arrival), which is a method of positioning using time difference.
  • TDOA Time difference of Arrival
  • the distance of each LED light, and these values can be transmitted to the monitoring computer (or other device capable of calculation) by means of a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), or remotely control the computer; then
  • PLC Programmable Logic Controller
  • the computer can calculate the position of the OEID tag by a method of triangulation, as shown in FIG. 18, wherein FIG. 18 is a triangular diagram of indoor positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention. If there are multiple OEID tags, the above process can be repeated, and all items tagged by the OEID in the room can be recorded in the computer. The above procedure and recording can be repeated each time the light is turned on, and the monitoring computer can compare the original records, thereby judging whether the item has been moved.
  • the indoor OEID tag is accurately positioned by a common indoor positioning method and algorithm by using a communication system formed between the passive OEID tag and the LED-VLC lamp. This is a supplement to the original indoor item inventory system.
  • LED-VLC lamps can be connected to the monitoring computer via power lines or to routers and extranets. Turn on the LED light to make it wirelessly VLC with the OEID tag.
  • the position of the OEID tag is calculated according to the algorithm of indoor positioning.
  • the three points A, B and C are the positions of known LED lights.
  • D is the position of the OEID tag to be tested.
  • the distances of DA, DB, and DC are measured by means of TOA (Time Of Arrival) or TDOA, and then according to the principle of triangulation, the point D to be measured can be estimated.
  • Position of course, the more LED lights, the more accurate the position of the measured D. For example, there are N LED lights, which will measure DA, DB, ..., DN, and only three unknown numbers (xd, yd, zd), the position of the D to be measured can be obtained by the least squares method. .
  • OEID tag in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. It consists of three modules: PVD photovoltaic cell receiver, LED and OEID chip.
  • the PVD photovoltaic cell receiver can be configured to: convert light into electrical energy, and receive the pulsed optical data signal and convert it into an electrical signal;
  • the LED is a light emitter of the label, and can be set to: transmit label information to the head;
  • the OEID chip may be composed of three units: a control management unit, a power management unit, and an ID-information storage unit.
  • the control management unit may be a core, and may be configured to: manage data information;
  • the power management unit may be configured to: The energy of the PVD is effectively managed, and the entire tag is effectively powered;
  • the ID-information storage unit can be configured to: store the ID information of the tag.
  • the LED-VLC structure can be set to change the LED lamp into an OEID read/write head having a VLC function. It can add a photodetector (PIN-PD (Photo-Diode) or CCD (Charge-coupled Device)), and the photodetector can be configured to: receive an upstream optical signal emitted by the OEID tag; It can also have a control chip, which can be set to: control the LED light to transmit the downlink signal, and process the data.
  • PIN-PD Photo-Diode
  • CCD Charge-coupled Device
  • the accuracy of indoor item positioning depends on how many LED lights are involved. In general, if there is only one LED light, the positioning accuracy is generally about one meter. If there are multiple LED lights involved, for example, there are three or more.
  • the accuracy of the positioning depends on the algorithm used, such as TDOA, RSSI, etc., or a combination of multiple algorithms.
  • the basic workflow of positioning is shown in Figure 20, which can include:
  • the LED-VLC lamp can be turned on to charge the OEID tag, and the plurality of lights can be turned on together, and then the LED lamp can issue an instruction to request the corresponding OEID to start reporting; the OEID tag can report its ID information one by one according to the P2MP process; This information can be checked and the ID information stored. You can start the positioning process for each OEID. First, you can select the OEID tag of ID1 and ask it to report the ID information. Multiple LED-VLC lights can receive the ID1 information at the same time, and then the time required for the received information. The intensity, etc. are transferred to the monitoring computer through the PLC.
  • the computer can start the positioning algorithm to process the received data, thereby calculating the position information of the ID1 OEID tag, and the location information can be stored in the computer, or at the same time
  • This simplified information is sent back to the OEID tag of ID1 via LED-VLC, so that the OEID tag will store its own ID information and corresponding location information.
  • the location information sent to the tag can be simplified to the number of the room.
  • the storage of the OEID tag is mainly limited, and the actual location information needs to be coordinated with the indoor map. If the OEID stores detailed location information, if it is carried, other Where the head does not have a corresponding indoor map, and the position information cannot be restored, the simplified position information is sufficient.
  • the actual location information in the room can be stored in the monitoring computer for later inspection or review. According to the above process, the location information of the OEID tag of the ID2, the OEID tag of the ID3, the OEID tag of the ID3, and the OEID tag of the IDn can be sequentially located until the OEID tags in all the rooms are located.
  • FIG. 19 is a diagram showing the overall structure of an indoor positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 19, in a closed room, there may be a plurality of items affixed with OEID labels, such as file cabinets, safes, computers, valuable goods, etc., after the items are placed in the room, the invention can be adopted. The method of the embodiment counts and locates these items.
  • FIG. 20 is a flowchart of indoor positioning according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 20, the workflow of indoor positioning may include the following steps:
  • Step S2002 first, after receiving the instruction of the network management or the control center, the LED-VLC lamp reads and writes the OEID tag (the OEID tag can be simply referred to as a tag), and the control chip starts to start the reading and writing process, first starts charging the optical tag, and then starts charging the optical tag, and then Begin the following test steps.
  • the OEID tag can be simply referred to as a tag
  • step S2004 the LED lamp issues a P2MP inquiry command to the tag.
  • step S2006 after the tag receives the information, the reply command, that is, the ID information and the status, is transmitted to the LED-VLC one by one according to the P2MP process.
  • step S2008 after receiving the information, the LED light starts to start the positioning process, that is, sends an instruction to the ID1 tag, and requests it to reply to the ID information and the transmission time.
  • step S2010 after the tag receives the information, the tag ID information and the transmission time are sent.
  • each LED lamp summarizes the ID information, the transmission and arrival time, and the signal strength, and then sends the summarized information to the monitoring computer through the PLC.
  • the data is processed through the built-in indoor algorithm. If the data is found to be incomplete, the LED light can be requested to resend the data, or the data can be sent after re-measurement. If the processed data is correct, the exact location information of ID1 can be obtained and stored, and the location of the label can be marked on the 3D indoor map.
  • the instruction can be processed to the LED light by the instruction, and the next label is positioned.
  • the LED light can send the room number to the ID1 tag. After ID1 receives the information, it can edit the label information, add the location information of the room to the label, and the reply can be completed.
  • step S2014 after receiving the information, the LED light starts the positioning process for the next label, that is, steps S2002 to S2012 are repeated until all the labels are positioned.
  • the method in the embodiment of the invention can also be used for inventory and location of warehouse items in a logistics company. Other similar item positioning requirements may also be used in the methods of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • the article can be quickly located in a variety of situations by the method of the embodiments of the present invention.
  • modules may be implemented by software or hardware.
  • the foregoing may be implemented by, but not limited to, the foregoing modules are all located in the same processor; or, the modules are respectively located in multiple processes. In the device.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a storage medium.
  • the foregoing storage medium may be configured to store program code for performing the following steps:
  • the storage medium may be arranged to store program code for performing the following steps:
  • the foregoing storage medium may include, but is not limited to, a USB flash drive, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), and a Random Access Memory (RAM).
  • ROM Read-Only Memory
  • RAM Random Access Memory
  • all or part of the steps of the above embodiments may also be implemented by using an integrated circuit. These steps may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. achieve.
  • the devices/function modules/functional units in the above embodiments may be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, which may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed over a network of multiple computing devices.
  • the device/function module/functional unit in the above embodiment When the device/function module/functional unit in the above embodiment is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the above mentioned computer readable storage medium may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.
  • the label position determining system includes: an optical label, which is disposed on the item, and is configured to: receive an inquiry command sent by the optical label reading and writing device through the downlink light and/or use the upward light to transmit the light
  • the label information of the label is sent to the optical label reading and writing device, and the query command is used to instruct the optical label to report the label information, where the label information is used to determine the location of the optical label
  • the one or more optical tag reading and writing devices are configured to: send the inquiry command to the optical tag by using the downlink light, and/or receive the label information sent by the optical label by using the uplink optical, to solve
  • the RFID tag is used to locate an item in the related art
  • the positioning accuracy is easily affected by the environment, and the positioning efficiency is low. Furthermore, the effect of improving the positioning accuracy of the article and improving the positioning efficiency is achieved.

Abstract

一种标签位置确定系统包括：光标签(22)，设置在物品上，设置为：接收光标签读写装置(24)通过下行光发送的问询指令及/或通过上行光将光标签(22)的标签信息发送给光标签读写装置(24)，该问询指令用于指示光标签(22)上报标签信息，该标签信息用于确定光标签(22)的位置；一个或多个光标签读写装置(24)，设置为：通过下行光向上述光标签(22)发送问询指令及/或接收光标签(22)通过上行光发送的标签信息。

Description

标签位置确定系统、方法、装置及光标签 技术领域
本申请涉及但不限于光通信领域，尤其一种标签位置确定系统、方法、装置及光标签。
背景技术
随着物联网的飞速发展，各种标签在人们的生活中起到了越来越重要的作用。其中，标签可以应用于物流中的物品清点技术中。随着科技的发展，人们对流通领域提出了快速、便捷的物流清点以及定位的需求，这就要求有一个快速、方便、准确的以及低成本的标签识别技术，考虑到节能环保的要求，标签可编辑也成为一项基本需求。目前能满足上述要求的标签识别技术是无线射频识别(Radio Frequency Identification，简称为RFID)技术，它具有非接触、标签无源以及标签标识(Identification，简称为ID)信息可编辑的特点。该技术也可应用于室内定位，具体可参考图1，图1是相关技术中的RFID标签室内定位基本结构图。由于它采用基于接收的信号强度指示(Received Signal Strength Indication，简称为RSSI)的强度定位的方法，为了提高其定位的精确度，首先需要安置几个定位的参考标签，同时需要多个读写头，才能对所需RFID进行精确的定位。因此相关技术中定位过程极其复杂，而且受室内其他物体对电磁场的影响，即室内物品移动后，原有的计算模型的参数需要重新校正，才能保证其定位的精度；同时由于相关技术中使用无线射频进行传输，因此也会具有射频的一些弱点，如：对电磁辐射场以及对金属的器件敏感，不能正常工作；同时RFID标签由于天线的缘故，不能做到太小，因此RFID标识在许多地方的工作受限。因此，在相关技术中存在着利用RFID标签对物品定位时，定位精度易受环境影响，定位效率低的问题。
针对相关技术中存在的利用RFID标签对物品定位时，定位精度易受环境影响，定位效率低的问题，目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本文提供了一种标签位置确定系统、方法、装置及光标签，以至少解决相关技术中存在的利用RFID标签对物品定位时，定位精度易受环境影响，定位效率低的问题。
本发明实施例提供了一种标签位置确定系统，包括：
光标签，设置在物品上，设置为：接收光标签读写装置通过下行光发送的问询指令及/或通过上行光将所述光标签的标签信息发送给光标签读写装置，所述问询指令用于指示所述光标签上报标签信息，所述标签信息用于确定所述光标签的位置；
一个或多个光标签读写装置，设置为：通过所述下行光向所述光标签发送所述问询指令及/或接收所述光标签通过所述上行光发送的所述标签信息。
可选地，所述光标签包括：
光电池，设置为：接收下行光并将所述下行光转换为电能，及/或接收所述问询指令；
电源管理模块，设置为：执行以下操作中的至少之一：储存所述电能，给光发射器供电，给微控制处理器供电；
光发射器，设置为：通过所述上行光发送所述标签信息；
存储器，设置为：存储所述标签信息；
微控制处理器，设置为：执行以下操作中的至少之一：控制所述光电池接收所述下行光，控制所述光电池接收所述问询指令，控制所述电源管理模块给所述光发射器供电，控制所述光发射器发送所述标签信息，以及控制存储器对所述标签信息进行存储和比对。
可选地，所述光标签读写装置包括：
光探测器，设置为：接收所述标签信息；
发光二极管LED，设置为：发射下行光及/或发送所述问询指令；
控制芯片，设置为：执行以下操作中的至少之一：控制所述LED发射所述下行光，控制所述LED发送所述问询指令，对所述标签信息进行处理。
可选地，所述系统还包括：
计算设备，设置为：至少根据所述标签信息计算所述光标签的位置。
本发明实施例提供了一种标签位置确定方法，包括：
通过下行光向光标签发送用于指示所述光标签上报标签信息的问询指令；
接收所述光标签根据所述问询指令通过上行光上报的所述标签信息；
至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置。
可选地，在所述至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置信息之后，所述方法还包括以下至少之一：
保存所述光标签的位置的信息；
将所述光标签的位置的信息发送给所述光标签；
利用所述光标签的位置的信息和预先保存过的所述光标签的位置的信息确定所述光标签的移动信息。
可选地，所述至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置包括：
将所述标签信息发送给设置为计算所述光标签的位置的计算设备；
利用所述计算设备至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置。
可选地，所述标签信息包括以下至少之一：所述光标签的标识ID信息、所述光标签发送所述标签信息时的时间；及/或，
所述至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置信息包括：
根据所述标签信息和以下信息中的至少之一确定所述光标签的位置：接收所述标签信息的时间以及接收所述标签信息时的信号强度。
本发明实施例提供了一种标签位置确定方法，包括：
接收设置为确定光标签的位置的光标签读写装置通过下行发送的问询指令，其中，所述问询指令用于指示光标签上报标签信息，所述标签信息用于 确定所述光标签的位置；
根据所述问询指令将所述标签信息发送给所述光标签读写装置。
可选地，在所述根据所述问询指令将所述标签信息发送给所述光标签读写装置之后，所述方法还包括：
接收所述光标签读写装置发送的所述光标签的位置信息。
可选地，所述标签信息包括以下至少之一：
所述光标签的标识ID信息、发送所述标签信息时的时间。
本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现上述标签位置确定方法。
本发明实施例提供了一种标签位置确定装置，包括：
第一发送模块，设置为：通过下行光向光标签发送用于指示所述光标签上报标签信息的问询指令；
第一接收模块，设置为：接收所述光标签根据所述问询指令通过上行光上报的所述标签信息；
第一确定模块，设置为：至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置。
可选地，所述装置还包括以下至少之一：
保存模块，设置为：保存所述光标签的位置的信息；
第二发送模块，设置为：将所述光标签的位置的信息发送给所述光标签；
第二确定模块，设置为：利用所述光标签的位置的信息和预先保存过的所述光标签的位置的信息确定所述光标签的移动信息。
可选地，所述第一确定模块包括：
发送单元，设置为：将所述标签信息发送给设置为计算所述光标签的位置的计算设备；
确定单元，设置为：利用所述计算设备至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置。
可选地，所述标签信息包括以下至少之一：所述光标签的标识ID信息、 所述光标签发送所述标签信息时的时间；及/或，
所述第一确定模块是设置为：根据所述标签信息和以下信息中的至少之一确定所述光标签的位置：接收所述标签信息的时间以及接收所述标签信息时的信号强度。
本发明实施例提供了一种光标签读写装置，包括上述任一项所述的装置。
本发明实施例提供了一种标签位置确定装置，包括：
第二接收模块，设置为：接收设置为确定光标签的位置的光标签读写装置通过下行光发送的问询指令，其中，所述问询指令用于指示光标签上报标签信息，所述标签信息用于确定所述光标签的位置；
第三发送模块，设置为：根据所述问询指令将所述标签信息发送给所述光标签读写装置。
可选地，所述装置还包括：第三接收模块，设置为：接收所述光标签读写装置发送的所述光标签的位置信息。
可选地，所述标签信息包括以下至少之一：
所述光标签的标识ID信息、发送所述标签信息时的时间。
本发明实施例提供了一种光标签，包括上述任一项所述的装置。
通过本发明实施例，通过采用标签位置确定系统，包括：光标签，设置在物品上，设置为：接收光标签读写装置通过下行光发送的问询指令及/或通过上行光将所述光标签的标签信息发送给光标签读写装置，所述问询指令用于指示所述光标签上报标签信息，所述标签信息用于确定所述光标签的位置；一个或多个光标签读写装置，设置为：通过所述下行光向所述光标签发送所述问询指令及/或接收所述光标签通过所述上行光发送的所述标签信息，解决了相关技术中存在的利用RFID标签对物品定位时，定位精度易受环境影响，定位效率低的问题。进而达到了提高物品定位精度，提高定位效率的效果。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图概述
图1是相关技术中的RFID标签室内定位基本结构图；
图2是根据本发明实施例的标签位置确定系统的结构框图；
图3是根据本发明实施例的标签位置确定系统中光标签22的结构框图；
图4是根据本发明实施例的标签位置确定系统中光标签读写装置24的结构框图；
图5是根据本发明实施例的标签位置确定系统的可选结构框图；
图6是根据本发明实施例的第一种标签位置确定方法的流程图；
图7是根据本发明实施例的第二种标签位置确定方法的流程图；
图8是根据本发明实施例的第一种标签位置确定装置的结构框图；
图9是根据本发明实施例的第一种标签位置确定装置的可选结构框图；
图10是根据本发明实施例的第一种标签位置确定装置中第一确定模块86的结构框图；
图11是根据本发明实施例的光标签读写装置的结构框图；
图12是根据本发明实施例的第二种标签位置确定装置的结构框图；
图13是根据本发明实施例的第二种标签位置确定装置的可选结构框图；
图14是根据本发明实施例的光标签的结构框图；
图15是根据本发明实施例的光标签的结构图；
图16是根据本发明实施例的LED-VLC的结构框图；
图17是根据本发明实施例的室内定位的基本结构图；
图18是根据本发明实施例的室内定位的三角示意图；
图19是根据本发明实施例的室内定位整体结构图；
图20是根据本发明实施例的室内定位流程图。
本发明的较佳实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施方式进行描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的各种方式可以相互组合。
需要说明的是，本文中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。
图2是根据本发明实施例的标签位置确定系统的结构框图，如图2所示，该系统包括光标签、一个或多个光标签读写装置，其中，光标签和光标签读写装置之间通过光无线通讯的方式进行通讯联系。光标签和光标签读写装置之间进行交互时，可以通过发送光信号的方式进行通信。当光标签读写装置为多个时，这些光标签读写装置可以位于不同的控件位置中，并且，光标签读写装置的数量越多，对光标签的定位越准确。图2以光标签读写装置的数量为3个为例进行说明。
光标签22，设置在物品上，设置为：接收光标签读写装置24通过下行光发送的问询指令及/或通过上行光将光标签的标签信息发送给光标签读写装置，该问询指令用于指示光标签上报标签信息，该标签信息用于确定光标签的位置；
一个或多个光标签读写装置24，设置为：通过下行光向所述光标签22发送问询指令及/或接收光标签22通过上行光发送的标签信息。
在该实施例中，标签信息可以包括光标签22的标识(Identification，简称为ID)信息和/或光标签22发送标签信息时的时间。光标签22可以位于物品上，该物品可以是待定位的物品，通过确定光标签22的位置可以确定该物品的位置，从而实现对物品的定位。并且，光标签22可以是无源的，可以通过外界的光对光标签供电，并且，光标签22接收及发送数据时，受外界的影响很小，即使移动了周围的物体，也不会对光标签22接收及发送数据产生影响，工作环境不受限。从而解决了相关技术中存在的利用RFID标签对物品定位时，定位精度易受环境影响，定位效率低的问题。进而达到了提高物品定位精度，提高定位效率的效果。
光标签22应用的可以是一种新型的非接触式的无源光电标签识别技术，简称为光电标识(Optoelectronic Identification，简称为OEID)技术，利用该光电标识技术结合可见光通讯(Visible Light communication，简称为VLC)的方法，可以实现对OEID标签(简称为光标签)所在的物品进行室内定位的目的。
图3是根据本发明实施例的标签位置确定系统中光标签22的结构框图，如图3所示，该光标签22包括光电池32、电源管理模块34、光发射器36、存储器38和微控制处理器310，下面对该光标签进行说明。
光电池32，设置为：接收下行光并将该下行光转换为电能，及/或接收所述问询指令；
电源管理模块34，设置为：执行以下操作中的至少之一：储存所述电能，给光发射器36供电，给微控制处理器310供电；
光发射器36，设置为：通过上行光发送标签信息；
存储器38，设置为：存储标签信息；
微控制处理器310，设置为：执行以下操作中的至少之一：控制光电池32接收下行光，控制光电池32接收问询指令，控制电源管理模块34给光发射器36供电，控制光发射器36发送所述标签信息，以及控制存储器38对标签信息进行存储和比对。
可选地，光电池32还可以设置为：接收微控制处理器发送的光标签的位置的信息。
上述部分之间的连接关系可以为多种，例如，光电池32可以连接至微控制处理器310，电源管理模块34可以连接至光电池32和微控制处理器310，光发射器36可以连接至微控制处理器310，存储器38可以连接至微控制处理器310。图3中所示的连接关系仅为一种示例，也可以是其他的连接关系。
图4是根据本发明实施例的标签位置确定系统中光标签读写装置24的结构框图，如图4所示，该光标签读写装置24包括光探测器42、发光二极管(Light Emitting Diode，简称为LED)44和控制芯片46，下面对该光标签读写装置24进行说明。
光探测器42，设置为：接收标签信息；
发光二极管LED44，设置为：发射下行光及/或发送问询指令；
控制芯片46，设置为：执行以下操作中的至少之一：控制LED发射下行光，控制LED发送问询指令，对标签信息进行处理。
可选地，LED44除了可以设置为发射光、发送问询指令外，还可以设置 为：将计算的光标签的位置的信息发送给光标签。
上述部分之间的连接关系可以为多种，例如，光探测器42可以连接至控制芯片46，LED44可以连接至控制芯片46，光探测器42和LED44之间可以连接也可以不连接。图4以光探测器42和LED44之间未连接为例示出。
图5是根据本发明实施例的标签位置确定系统的可选结构框图，如图5所示，该系统除了包括图2所示的光标签22和一个或多个光标签读写装置24外，还可以包括计算设备52，下面对该系统进行说明。
计算设备52，设置为：至少根据标签信息计算光标签的位置。
可选地，该计算设备52还可以根据光标签的位置的信息和预先保存过的光标签的位置的信息确定光标签的移动信息。该计算设备52可以和光标签读写装置24相连，通过接收光标签读写装置24上报的标签信息计算光标签的位置。该计算设备52可以是计算机或其他智能终端。该计算设备52还可以设置于光标签读写装置24内部。图5以计算设备52和光标签读写装置24相连为例示出。
图6是根据本发明实施例的第一种标签位置确定方法的流程图，如图6所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
步骤S602，通过下行光向光标签发送用于指示所述光标签上报标签信息的问询指令；
步骤S604，接收所述光标签根据所述问询指令通过上行光上报的所述标签信息；
步骤S606，至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置。
通过上述步骤，利用光标签(同上述的光标签22)上报的标签信息确定光标签的位置，并且，该光标签可以位于待定位物品上，从而可以实现对物品的定位。并且，光标签可以是无源的，可以通过外界的光对光标签供电，并且，光标签接收及发送数据时，受外界的影响很小，即使移动了周围的物体，也不会对光标签接收及发送数据产生影响，工作环境不受限。从而解决了相关技术中存在的利用RFID标签对物品定位时，定位精度易受环境影响，定位效率低的问题。进而达到了提高物品定位精度，提高定位效率的效果。
在一个可选的实施例中，在至少根据标签信息确定光标签的位置信息之后，该方法还可以包括以下至少之一：
保存所述光标签的位置的信息；
将所述光标签的位置的信息发送给所述光标签；
利用所述光标签的位置的信息和预先保存过的所述光标签的位置的信息确定所述光标签的移动信息。
其中，将光标签的位置的信息发送给光标签时，由于光标签的存储控制是有限的，所以，可以将光标签的位置的大致信息(例如，房间号)发送给光标签。
在一个可选的实施例中，所述至少根据标签信息确定光标签的位置可包括：
将所述标签信息发送给设置为计算所述光标签的位置的计算设备；
利用所述计算设备至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置。
其中，该计算设备可以是计算机，也可以是其他的智能终端。
在一个可选的实施例中，所述标签信息可以包括以下至少之一：所述光标签的标识ID信息、所述光标签发送所述标签信息时的时间；及/或，
所述至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置信息可包括：
根据所述标签信息和以下信息中的至少之一确定所述光标签的位置：接收所述标签信息的时间以及接收所述标签信息时的信号强度。
图7是根据本发明实施例的第二种标签位置确定方法的流程图，如图7所示，该方法包括如下步骤：
步骤S702，接收设置为确定光标签的位置的光标签读写装置通过下行光发送的问询指令，其中，所述问询指令用于指示光标签上报标签信息，所述标签信息用于确定光标签的位置；
步骤S704，根据所述问询指令将所述标签信息发送给所述光标签读写装置。
在上述实施例中，接收光标签读写装置(同上述的光标签读写装置24) 问询指令和发送标签信息的可以是光标签，从而可以根据光标签上报的标签信息确定光标签的位置，并且，该光标签可以位于待定位物品上，从而可以实现对物品的定位。并且，光标签可以是无源的，可以通过外界的光对光标签供电，并且，光标签接收及发送数据时，受外界的影响很小，即使移动了周围的物体，也不会对光标签接收及发送数据产生影响，工作环境不受限。从而解决了相关技术中存在的利用RFID标签对物品定位时，定位精度易受环境影响，定位效率低的问题。进而达到了提高物品定位精度，提高定位效率的效果。
在一个可选的实施例中，在根据所述问询指令将所述标签信息发送给所述光标签读写装置之后，该方法还可包括：
接收所述光标签读写装置发送的所述光标签的位置信息。
可选地，所述标签信息可包括以下至少之一：
光标签的标识ID信息、发送标签信息时的时间。
本发明实施例还提供了一种计算机可读存储介质，存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令被执行时实现上述任一标签位置确定方法。
在本实施例中还提供了一种标签位置确定装置，该装置设置为实现上述实施例及可选实施方式，已经进行过说明的不再赘述。如以下所使用的，术语“模块”可以实现预定功能的软件和/或硬件的组合。
图8是根据本发明实施例的第一种标签位置确定装置的结构框图，如图8所示，该装置包括第一发送模块82(同上述的LED 44)、第一接收模块84(同上述的光探测器42)和第一确定模块86(同上述的计算设备52)，下面对该装置进行说明。
第一发送模块82，设置为：通过下行光向光标签发送用于指示所述光标签上报标签信息的问询指令；
第一接收模块84，连接至第一发送模块82，设置为：接收所述光标签根据所述问询指令通过上行光上报的所述标签信息；
第一确定模块86，连接至第一接收模块84，设置为：至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置。
图9是根据本发明实施例的第一种标签位置确定装置的可选结构框图，如图9所示，该装置除了包括图8所示的所有模块外，还包括以下模块中的至少之一：
保存模块92，连接至第一确定模块86，设置为：保存所述光标签的位置的信息；
第二发送模块94(同上述的LED 44)，连接至第一确定模块86，设置为：将所述光标签的位置的信息发送给所述光标签；
第二确定模块96(同上述的计算设备52)，连接至第一确定模块86，设置为：利用所述光标签的位置的信息和预先保存过的所述光标签的位置的信息确定所述光标签的移动信息。
图10是根据本发明实施例的第一种标签位置确定装置中第一确定模块86的结构框图，如图10所示，该第一确定模块86包括发送单元102和确定单元104，下面对该第一确定模块86进行说明。
发送单元102，设置为：将所述标签信息发送给设置为计算所述光标签的位置的计算设备(同上述的计算设备52)；
确定单元104，连接至发送单元102，设置为：利用所述计算设备至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置。
在一个可选的实施例中，所述标签信息可以包括以下至少之一：所述光标签的标识ID信息、所述光标签发送所述标签信息时的时间；及/或，
可选地，所述第一确定模块86是设置为：根据标签信息和以下信息中的至少之一确定光标签的位置：接收标签信息的时间以及接收标签信息时的信号强度。
图11是根据本发明实施例的光标签读写装置的结构框图，如图11所示，该光标签读写装置112包括上述任一项的第一种标签位置确定装置114。
图12是根据本发明实施例的第二种标签位置确定装置的结构框图，如图12所示，该装置包括第二接收模块122(同上述的光电池32)、第三发送模块124(同上述的光发射器36)，下面对该装置进行说明。
第二接收模块122，设置为：接收设置为确定光标签的位置的光标签读 写装置通过下行光发送的问询指令，其中，所述问询指令用于指示光标签上报标签信息，所述标签信息用于确定所述光标签的位置；
第三发送模块124，连接至第二接收模块122，设置为：根据所述问询指令将所述标签信息发送给所述光标签读写装置。
图13是根据本发明实施例的第二种标签位置确定装置的可选结构框图，如图13所示，该装置除了包括图12所示的所有模块外，还包括第三接收模块132(同上述的光电池32)，下面对该装置进行说明。
第三接收模块132，连接至第三发送模块124，设置为：接收所述光标签读写装置发送的所述光标签的位置信息。
在一个可选的实施例中，所述标签信息可包括以下至少之一：
光标签的标识ID信息、发送标签信息时的时间。
图14是根据本发明实施例的光标签的结构框图，如图14所示，该光标签142包括上述任一项的第二种标签位置确定装置144。
上述实施例中的光标签，本身可以是无源的，可以通过其内置光电池，将外界的光转化为电，给其供电。它可以发射光信号，也可以接受外界光信号指令。其基本结构如图15所示。图15是根据本发明实施例的光标签的结构图，下面结合图15对光标签的工作流程进行说明：
首先可由光电池(对应于图15中的光伏电池接收器)将接收的光转化为电能提供给电源管理模块，电源管理模块可将电能存储在其内置的电容器上，并可以给光发射器(对应于图15中的LED)以及微控制处理器(对应于图15中的信号处理及控制器)供电。微控制处理器可通过电源管理模块将光电池转化为光接收器状态，用以接收外界读写头的光信号。然后可由微控制处理器控制电源管理模块给光发射器供电，同时通过指令指示光发射器发射相应的上行光信号。OEID标签可以被安置在所需标识的物品上。
室内的LED灯，被内置一个光接收器，该LED灯可以作为OEID的读写头(同上述的光标签读写装置)。它可通过LED发光给OEID标签进行充电，也可发射指令给OEID标签，同时也可接收OEID的信息，具体可参考图16，图16是根据本发明实施例的LED-VLC的结构框图。图16中，TIA是跨阻放 大器(Trans-Impedance Amplifier)的简称。
下面结合图15、16对本发明实施例进行说明。
在一个可选的实施例中，设置为定位指定物品的位置的系统可以由三个(三个是为了提高定位精度，也可以是两个甚至一个)或多于三个的LED-VLC的OEID读写头，以及一个或多个OEID标签组成。OEID标签可以被安置在指定物品上。如图17所示，图17是根据本发明实施例的室内定位的基本结构图。首先被标签的物品可被安置在有LED-VLC的房间内，而房间内可以至少有三个LED灯，这些灯可通过电力线与监控电脑或外网连接。室内定位的工作流程可以如下：首先可打开LED灯给OEID标签充电；然后可按照点到多点(Point to Multiple Point，简称为P2MP)协议给OEID发射下行指令，可以使得每次只有一个OEID标签发射上行回复；多个LED-VLC灯可以几乎同时收到OEID标签回复的信号，通过TDOA(Time difference of Arrival，到达时差，是一种利用时间差进行定位的方法)的方式可以估算出OEID标签与每个LED灯的距离，并且可将这些数值通过可编程逻辑控制器(Programmable Logic Controller，简称为PLC)的方式传送给监控电脑(或者其他的能够进行计算的设备)，或远程控制电脑；然后电脑可以通过三角定位的方法，如图18所示，计算出OEID标签的位置，其中，图18是根据本发明实施例的室内定位的三角示意图。如果有多个OEID标签则可以重复以上的过程，电脑中可以记录所有在该房间内被OEID标签的物品。每次开灯可以重复以上的程序以及记录，同时监控电脑可以比较原有的记录，由此可以判断物品是否被移动了。
在本发明实施例中，利用无源OEID标签与LED-VLC灯之间形成的通讯系统，通过常见室内定位方法和算法对室内OEID标签进行精确定位。这是对原有的室内物品清点系统的补充。
下面将结合附图对本发明实施例的方法作进一步详细的说明：
参见图17所示的本发明实施例的总体技术方案图。在一个密闭的空间内，有至少3个具有VLC功能的LED灯，以及多个OEID标签，或贴有OEID标签的物品。这些LED-VLC灯可以通过电力线与监控电脑连接，或与路由器和外网连接。打开LED灯可以使得其与OEID标签发生无线VLC，获取数 据后转送后台按照室内定位的算法来计算OEID标签的位置。
参见图18所示的根据本发明实施例的室内定位的三角示意图。其中A、B、C三点为已知LED灯的位置。而D为待测的OEID标签的位置，只要通过TOA(Time Of Arrival，到达时间)或TDOA等方式测到DA、DB、DC的距离，再根据三角定位原理，可以估算出待测点D的位置，当然LED灯越多，测算出的D的位置就越精确。例如有N个LED灯，将测得DA、DB、……、DN，而其中只有(xd、yd、zd)三个未知数，通过最小二乘法的方法可以得到比较精确的待测点D的位置。
参见图15所示的根据本发明实施例的OEID标签的基本结构图。它由PVD光伏电池接收器、LED以及OEID芯片三个模块组成。
其中，PVD光伏电池接收器可以设置为：将光转换为电能，以及接收脉冲光数据信号并将其转换为电信号；
LED是标签的光发射器，可以设置为：将标签信息传送给读写头；
OEID芯片，可以由控制管理单元、电源管理单元以及ID-信息存储单元三个单元组成，其中，控制管理单元可以是核心，可以设置为：对数据信息进行管理；电源管理单元可以设置为：对PVD的电能进行有效管理，同时给整个标签进行有效供电；ID-信息存储单元可以设置为：对标签的ID信息进行存储。
参见图16所示的根据本发明实施例的LED-VLC结构框图，它可以设置为：将LED灯变为具有VLC功能的OEID读写头。它可以增加一个光探测器(PIN-PD(Photo-Diode，光电二极管)或CCD(Charge-coupled Device，电荷耦合元件))，该光探测器可以设置为：接收OEID标签发射的上行光信号；它同时可以有一个控制芯片，该控制芯片可以设置为：控制LED灯发射下行信号，以及对数据进行处理。
其中，室内物品定位的精确度，取决于有多少LED灯参与，一般情况下只有一个LED灯的话，定位精度一般在一米左右，如果有多个LED灯参与，例如有三个或以上，这样可以运用三角定位的方法，如图18所示，定位的精度取决于所用的算法，如：TDOA、RSSI等，或者多个算法的结合使用。 定位的基本工作流程如图20所示，该流程可包括：
首先可开启LED-VLC灯对OEID标签进行充电，可以多个灯一起开启，然后LED灯可下发指令，要求对应OEID开始上报；OEID标签可按照P2MP的流程逐个上报自己的ID信息；LED灯可以对这些信息进行核对以及存储ID信息。可以开始对每个OEID开启定位流程，首先可以选择ID1的OEID标签，要求其上报ID信息，多个LED-VLC灯可以同时收到该ID1的信息，然后可以将收到的信息所需的时间、强度等通过PLC转给监控电脑，该电脑可启动定位算法对收到的数据进行处理，由此计算出ID1的OEID标签的位置信息，可以将该位置信息存储在电脑中，也可以同时将简化的该信息通过LED-VLC发回给ID1的OEID标签，这样OEID标签将存储本身的ID信息还有相应的位置信息。当然，发给标签的位置信息可以简化为房间的号码，这里主要考虑OEID标签的存储有限，而实际的位置信息是需要室内地图与之配合的，如果OEID存储详细的位置信息，如果被搬运其他地方，读写头没有对应的室内地图，也没法对位置信息进行复原的，因此简化的位置信息就足够了。在房间的实际位置信息可以存储在监控电脑中，用于以后的检查或复查的需要即可。依照以上流程可以依次逐个对ID2的OEID标签、ID3的OEID标签、……、IDn的OEID标签进行位置信息的定位，直到所有房间内的OEID标签均被定位为止。
图19是根据本发明实施例的室内定位整体结构图。如图19所示，在一个密闭的房间，可以有多个被贴有OEID标签的物品，如：文件柜、保险柜、电脑、贵重货物等，这些物品被安置在房间后，可以通过本发明实施例的方法对这些物品进行清点和定位。图20是根据本发明实施例的室内定位流程图，如图20所示，室内定位的工作流程可包括如下步骤：
步骤S2002，首先LED-VLC灯在接收到网管或控制中心的指令后对OEID标签(OEID标签可以简称为标签)进行读写，控制芯片开始启动读写过程，首先开始对光标签进行充电，然后开始执行如下测试步骤。
步骤S2004，LED灯向标签发出P2MP问询指令。
步骤S2006，标签收到信息后，按照P2MP的流程逐个向LED-VLC发射回复指令，即ID信息和状态。
步骤S2008，LED灯收到信息后，开始启动定位流程，即对针对ID1标签发送指令，要求其回复ID信息，以及发射时间。
步骤S2010，标签收到信息后，发送标签ID信息以及发射时间。
步骤S2012，多个LED灯收到信息后，每个LED灯将ID信息、发射和到达时间以及信号强度等汇总，然后将汇总后的信息通过PLC发送给监控电脑。监控电脑收到数据后，通过内置的室内算法对数据进行处理，如果发现数据不完整，可以要求LED灯重发数据，或重新测量后再发送数据。如果处理后数据正确，则可得到ID1的确切的位置信息，并将其存储起来，同时可在3D室内地图上标出标签所在的位置。同时可通过指令向LED灯指示信息处理完毕，进行下一个标签的定位。LED灯收到信息后，可以向ID1标签发送房间号。ID1收到信息后，可以对标签信息进行编辑，将房间的位置信息加在标签中，同时可回复已完成。
步骤S2014，LED灯收到信息后，对下一个标签开始定位流程，即重复步骤S2002到步骤S2012，直到所有的标签均被定位为止。
本发明实施例中的方法，也可用于物流公司仓库物品的清点和定位。其他类似物品定位需求，也可使用本发明实施例中的方法。通过本发明实施例中的方法可以在多种情况下迅速定位物品。
需要说明的是，上述模块是可以通过软件或硬件来实现的，对于后者，可以通过以下方式实现，但不限于此：上述模块均位于同一处理器中；或者，上述模块分别位于多个处理器中。
本发明实施例还提供了一种存储介质。可选地，在本实施例中，上述存储介质可以设置为存储用于执行以下步骤的程序代码：
S1，通过下行光向光标签发送用于指示所述光标签上报标签信息的问询指令；
S2，接收所述光标签根据所述问询指令通过上行光上报的所述标签信息；
S3，至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置。
可选地，存储介质可设置为存储用于执行以下步骤的程序代码：
S1，接收设置为确定光标签的位置的光标签读写装置通过下行光发送的 问询指令，其中，所述问询指令用于指示光标签上报标签信息，所述标签信息用于确定所述光标签的位置；
S2，根据所述问询指令将所述标签信息发送给所述光标签读写装置。
可选地，在本实施例中，上述存储介质可以包括但不限于：U盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，简称为ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，简称为RAM)、移动硬盘、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
可选地，本实施例中的具体示例可以参考上述实施例及可选实施方式中所描述的示例，本实施例在此不再赘述。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以使用计算机程序流程来实现，所述计算机程序可以存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，所述计算机程序在相应的硬件平台上(如系统、设备、装置、器件等)执行，在执行时，包括方法实施例的步骤之一或其组合。
可选地，上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用集成电路来实现，这些步骤可以被分别制作成一个个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。
上述实施例中的装置/功能模块/功能单元可以采用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，也可以分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上。
上述实施例中的装置/功能模块/功能单元以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。上述提到的计算机可读取存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
工业实用性
通过本发明实施例，通过采用标签位置确定系统，包括：光标签，设置在物品上，设置为：接收光标签读写装置通过下行光发送的问询指令及/或通过上行光将所述光标签的标签信息发送给光标签读写装置，所述问询指令用于指示所述光标签上报标签信息，所述标签信息用于确定所述光标签的位置； 一个或多个光标签读写装置，设置为：通过所述下行光向所述光标签发送所述问询指令及/或接收所述光标签通过所述上行光发送的所述标签信息，解决了相关技术中存在的利用RFID标签对物品定位时，定位精度易受环境影响，定位效率低的问题。进而达到了提高物品定位精度，提高定位效率的效果。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种标签位置确定系统，包括：
    光标签，设置在物品上，设置为：接收光标签读写装置通过下行光发送的问询指令及/或通过上行光将所述光标签的标签信息发送给光标签读写装置，所述问询指令用于指示所述光标签上报标签信息，所述标签信息用于确定所述光标签的位置；
    一个或多个光标签读写装置，设置为：通过所述下行光向所述光标签发送所述问询指令及/或接收所述光标签通过所述上行光发送的所述标签信息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述光标签包括：
    光电池，设置为：接收下行光并将所述下行光转换为电能，及/或接收所述问询指令；
    电源管理模块，设置为：执行以下操作中的至少之一：储存所述电能，给光发射器供电，给微控制处理器供电；
    光发射器，设置为：通过所述上行光发送所述标签信息；
    存储器，设置为：存储所述标签信息；
    微控制处理器，设置为：执行以下操作中的至少之一：控制所述光电池接收所述下行光，控制所述光电池接收所述问询指令，控制所述电源管理模块给所述光发射器供电，控制所述光发射器发送所述标签信息，以及控制存储器对所述标签信息进行存储和比对。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，其中，所述光标签读写装置包括：
    光探测器，设置为：接收所述标签信息；
    发光二极管LED，设置为：发射下行光及/或发送所述问询指令；
    控制芯片，设置为：执行以下操作中的至少之一：控制所述LED发射所述下行光，控制所述LED发送所述问询指令，对所述标签信息进行处理。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的系统，还包括：
    计算设备，设置为：至少根据所述标签信息计算所述光标签的位置。
  5. 一种标签位置确定方法，包括：
    通过下行光向光标签发送用于指示所述光标签上报标签信息的问询指令；
    接收所述光标签根据所述问询指令通过上行光上报的所述标签信息；
    至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，在所述至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置信息之后，还包括以下至少之一：
    保存所述光标签的位置的信息；
    将所述光标签的位置的信息发送给所述光标签；
    利用所述光标签的位置的信息和预先保存过的所述光标签的位置的信息确定所述光标签的移动信息。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，所述至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置包括：
    将所述标签信息发送给设置为计算所述光标签的位置的计算设备；
    利用所述计算设备至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置。
  8. 根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的方法，其中：
    所述标签信息包括以下至少之一：所述光标签的标识ID信息、所述光标签发送所述标签信息时的时间；及/或，
    所述至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置信息包括：
    根据所述标签信息和以下信息中的至少之一确定所述光标签的位置：接收所述标签信息的时间以及接收所述标签信息时的信号强度。
  9. 一种标签位置确定方法，包括：
    接收设置为确定光标签的位置的光标签读写装置通过下行光发送的问询指令，其中，所述问询指令用于指示光标签上报标签信息，所述标签信息用于确定所述光标签的位置；
    根据所述问询指令将所述标签信息发送给所述光标签读写装置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，在所述根据所述问询指令将所述标签信息发送给所述光标签读写装置之后，还包括：
    接收所述光标签读写装置发送的所述光标签的位置信息。
  11. 根据权利要求9至10任一项所述的方法，其中，所述标签信息包括以下至少之一：
    所述光标签的标识ID信息、发送所述标签信息时的时间。
  12. 一种标签位置确定装置，包括：
    第一发送模块，设置为：通过下行光向光标签发送用于指示所述光标签上报标签信息的问询指令；
    第一接收模块，设置为：接收所述光标签根据所述问询指令通过上行光上报的所述标签信息；
    第一确定模块，设置为：至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，还包括以下至少之一：
    保存模块，设置为：保存所述光标签的位置的信息；
    第二发送模块，设置为：将所述光标签的位置的信息发送给所述光标签；
    第二确定模块，设置为：利用所述光标签的位置的信息和预先保存过的所述光标签的位置的信息确定所述光标签的移动信息。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，其中，所述第一确定模块包括：
    发送单元，设置为：将所述标签信息发送给设置为计算所述光标签的位置的计算设备；
    确定单元，设置为：利用所述计算设备至少根据所述标签信息确定所述光标签的位置。
  15. 根据权利要求12至14中任一项所述的装置，其中：
    所述标签信息包括以下至少之一：所述光标签的标识ID信息、所述光标签发送所述标签信息时的时间；及/或，
    所述第一确定模块是设置为：根据所述标签信息和以下信息中的至少之一确定所述光标签的位置：接收所述标签信息的时间以及接收所述标签信息时的信号强度。
  16. 一种光标签读写装置，包括权利要求12至15中任一项所述的装置。
  17. 一种标签位置确定装置，包括：
    第二接收模块，设置为：接收设置为确定光标签的位置的光标签读写装置通过下行光发送的问询指令，其中，所述问询指令用于指示光标签上报标签信息，所述标签信息用于确定所述光标签的位置；
    第三发送模块，设置为：根据所述问询指令将所述标签信息发送给所述光标签读写装置。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的装置，还包括：
    第三接收模块，设置为：接收所述光标签读写装置发送的所述光标签的位置信息。
  19. 根据权利要求17至18任一项所述的装置，其中，所述标签信息包括以下至少之一：
    所述光标签的标识ID信息、发送所述标签信息时的时间。
  20. 一种光标签，包括权利要求17至19中任一项所述的标签位置确定装置。
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