WO2017020494A1 - 三维显示装置及三维显示方法 - Google Patents

三维显示装置及三维显示方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017020494A1
WO2017020494A1 PCT/CN2015/098244 CN2015098244W WO2017020494A1 WO 2017020494 A1 WO2017020494 A1 WO 2017020494A1 CN 2015098244 W CN2015098244 W CN 2015098244W WO 2017020494 A1 WO2017020494 A1 WO 2017020494A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dimensional display
light
stripe pattern
barrier layer
parallax barrier
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PCT/CN2015/098244
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
魏伟
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to US15/113,001 priority Critical patent/US10203509B2/en
Publication of WO2017020494A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017020494A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/366—Image reproducers using viewer tracking
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
    • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
    • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
    • G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers
    • G02B30/31—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers involving active parallax barriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/31—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using parallax barriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
    • H04N13/317—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using slanted parallax optics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/366—Image reproducers using viewer tracking
    • H04N13/383—Image reproducers using viewer tracking for tracking with gaze detection, i.e. detecting the lines of sight of the viewer's eyes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
    • H04N13/398—Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N2213/00—Details of stereoscopic systems
    • H04N2213/001—Constructional or mechanical details

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to a three-dimensional display device and a three-dimensional display method.
  • Crosstalk and Moire are the two primary problems affecting the stereoscopic display effect.
  • the main cause of crosstalk is that the light forming the image of the left eye and the light forming the image of the right eye cannot be completely separated between the left and right eyes, and finally appear as a ghost in the eyes of the viewer, which has a great adverse effect on the display effect.
  • a parallax barrier that cooperates with an arrangement of left-eye pixels and right-eye pixels can guide light emitted by two types of pixels to different directions to form Different screens of the left and right eyes, but the light is easily diffused in other directions through the opening portion of the parallax barrier, so that crosstalk problems that are difficult to eliminate are generally present.
  • this type of 3D display device since the parallax barrier and the pixel structure are close to each other in spatial frequency, this type of 3D display device also has a severe moiré phenomenon.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a three-dimensional display device and a three-dimensional display method, which can improve parallax Problems such as moiré and crosstalk in a barrier type 3D display device.
  • a three-dimensional display device comprising a display panel and a parallax barrier layer disposed on the display panel, the display panel including left-eye pixels and rightly arranged alternately in a first direction An eye pixel, the parallax barrier layer is configured to form a light shielding stripe pattern, and the stripes in the light shielding stripe pattern are arranged in a second direction such that an imaging area of the left eye pixel and an imaging area of the right eye pixel are in space
  • the three-dimensional display device further includes:
  • a tracking unit for tracking the position of the eyes of the viewer
  • a determining unit connected to the tracking unit, configured to determine, according to the binocular position of the viewer obtained by the tracking unit, an offset of the opaque stripe pattern in the second direction relative to a preset standard position under a preset condition the amount;
  • control unit connected to the determining unit, configured to send a control signal to the parallax barrier layer according to an offset obtained by the determining unit, so that a blackout stripe pattern formed by the parallax barrier layer is in the second The direction is shifted in accordance with the offset.
  • the light-shielding stripe pattern includes a light-shielding stripe and an opening stripe, the predetermined condition being: a midpoint of a line connecting the center of the light-emitting surface of the left-eye pixel and a center of the light-emitting surface of the right-eye pixel, The center point between the binocular positions of the viewer is on the same line as the center point of the opening stripe.
  • the first direction coincides with the second direction.
  • the angle between the first direction and the second direction is arctan(1/N), where N is the length and width of any of the left eye pixels or any of the right eye pixels ratio.
  • the parallax barrier layer includes a liquid crystal layer to form the light-shielding stripe pattern by controlling the orientation of the liquid crystal layer.
  • the parallax barrier layer further includes a common electrode; and a plurality of strip electrodes arranged in parallel in the second direction; a liquid crystal between the common electrode and the plurality of strip electrodes a layer, wherein the liquid crystal layer is located between the common electrode and the plurality of strip electrodes, the plurality of strip electrodes being connected to a plurality of control signal lines for being applied to the control signal line by control Turn-on voltage on the upper side to make the shading stripe pattern flat according to the offset shift.
  • the plurality of strip electrodes are divided into a plurality of electrode groups including the same number of electrodes, and the number of electrodes in the electrode group is the same as the number of the control signal lines And electrodes in the electrode group are respectively connected to the control signal line.
  • the three-dimensional display device further includes: an image shifting unit configured to translate the image to be displayed near the preset standard position according to the binocular position of the viewer obtained by the tracking unit.
  • the parallax barrier layer further includes a substrate for forming the light-shielding stripe pattern thereon, and a micro-mechanical mechanism for driving the substrate to move in the second direction.
  • a three-dimensional display method for a three-dimensional display device comprising a display panel and a parallax barrier layer disposed on the display panel, the display panel having a left-eye pixel and a right-eye pixel alternately arranged in a first direction, the parallax barrier layer being used to form a light-shielding stripe pattern, the method comprising:
  • the preset condition is: a midpoint between a center of the light exit surface of the left eye pixel and a center of the light exit surface of the right eye pixel, and a center point between the viewer's binocular positions And the center point of the open stripe in the light-shielding stripe pattern is on the same straight line.
  • the first direction coincides with the second direction.
  • the angle between the first direction and the second direction is arctan(1/N), where N is the aspect ratio of any of the left eye pixels or any of the right eye pixels .
  • the parallax barrier layer includes a common electrode; in the second direction a plurality of strip electrodes arranged in parallel; and a liquid crystal layer between the common electrode and the plurality of strip electrodes, by controlling an opening voltage applied to a control signal line connected to the strip electrodes
  • the opaque stripe pattern is translated in accordance with the offset.
  • the plurality of strip electrodes are divided into a plurality of electrode groups including the same number of electrodes, the number of electrodes in the electrode group and the number of the control signal lines Similarly, the electrodes in the electrode group are respectively connected to the control line, and the light shielding stripe pattern is made to follow the offset by controlling an opening voltage on a control signal line connected to the electrodes in the electrode group. The amount is translated.
  • the method further includes:
  • the image to be displayed is translated near the standard position according to the binocular position of the viewer.
  • the adaptive adjustment of the light-transmitting stripe pattern in the parallax barrier with respect to the position of the two eyes can be realized in combination with the tracking of the position of the eyes of the viewer, so that the generation of the moiré can be effectively suppressed; at the same time, the first direction and the The angle between the two directions is set to suppress the crosstalk problem caused by the diffusion of light at the light-transmitting opening. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention can improve problems such as moiré and crosstalk in the parallax barrier type 3D display device, and are advantageous for improving the display effect of the 3D display device.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of pixels on the display panel shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the working principle of a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a structure of a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an adjustment principle of a light shielding stripe pattern according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional structural view of a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of strip electrodes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional display device according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a manner of arranging pixels on the display panel shown in FIG. 8;
  • FIG. 10 is another structural block diagram of a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing the steps of a three-dimensional display method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the three-dimensional display device includes a display panel 11 and a parallax barrier layer 12 disposed on the display panel 11. It should be noted that, for clarity of display, the display panel 11 and the parallax barrier layer 12 shown in FIG. 1 are separated from each other; and when the three-dimensional display device is formed, the display panel 11 and the parallax barrier layer 12 may be combined with each other in a predetermined manner. .
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pixel arrangement manner on the display panel shown in FIG. 1.
  • the display panel 11 has a left-eye pixel PL and a right-eye pixel PR which are alternately arranged in the first direction R1, and the parallax barrier layer 12 is used to form a light-shielding stripe pattern, and the light-shielding stripe pattern is arranged in the second direction R2. .
  • the left eye pixel and the right eye pixel of the display panel cannot be clearly displayed.
  • FIG. 2 only the pixel arrangement manner of the display panel is shown, but not shown. A blackout stripe pattern.
  • any of the above left eye pixels The PL or the right-eye pixel PR is a part of the display area of the display panel 11, and may include only one monochromatic sub-pixel area, and may include more than one monochromatic sub-pixel area, which is not limited in the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 it can be seen in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 that the first direction R1 and the second direction R2 in the embodiment of the present invention are identical.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a partial cross-sectional structure of the three-dimensional display device in the first direction R1 or the second direction R2, in which the left-eye pixel PL and the right-eye pixel PR in the display panel 11 are alternated.
  • the above-described light-shielding stripe pattern (having a shape as shown in FIG. 1) formed by alternately arranging the light-shielding stripes 12a and the open stripes 12b is formed.
  • the above configuration can separate the imaging area AL of the left-eye pixel PL and the imaging area AR of the right-eye pixel PR from each other in space.
  • the light from the left-eye pixel PL can be received according to the optical path shown in FIG. 3, that is, the left of all the left-eye pixels PL can be observed in the area.
  • Eye line correspondingly, in the right-eye imaging area AR in FIG. 3, light from the right-eye pixel PR can be received according to the optical path shown in FIG. 3, that is, all right-eye pixels can be observed in the area.
  • the right eye picture formed by PR Based on this, the dimensional parameters in FIG. 3 can be rationally designed according to the interpupillary distance, and the three-dimensional display formed by the parallax of the left and right eyes can be realized.
  • the left-eye pixel PL and the right-eye pixel PR which are alternately arranged in the first direction may further have an arrangement different from that shown in FIG. 2, such as staggered between different rows.
  • the separation of the imaging region of the left-eye pixel PL and the imaging region of the right-eye pixel PR in the space does not mean that the two imaging regions cannot have any intersection, such as the left eye and the right eye are in the above.
  • the left eye imaging area AL is observed near the boundary of the right eye imaging area AR, there is a possibility that both the left eye picture and the right eye picture can be observed, and a very severe moiré is generated.
  • the three-dimensional display device of the embodiment of the present invention can improve the above problem by the following structure. As shown in FIG. 4, the method further includes:
  • the tracking unit 13a is configured to track the position of the eyes of the viewer. In the embodiment of the present invention, The tracking unit 13a can track the position of the eyes of the viewer according to the captured image;
  • a determining unit 13b connected to the tracking unit 13a, configured to determine, according to the binocular position of the viewer obtained by the tracking unit 13a, an offset of the opaque stripe pattern from the preset standard position in the second direction R2 according to a preset condition. the amount;
  • the control unit 13c connected to the determining unit is configured to send a control signal to the parallax barrier layer 12 according to the offset obtained by the determining unit 13b, so that the blackout stripe pattern formed by the parallax barrier layer 12 is in the second direction R2.
  • the translation is performed according to the above offset.
  • the above-described tracking unit 13a may include a camera that is disposed at a predetermined position and that can capture a viewer, or may obtain a captured picture of the viewer from the received external input signal.
  • the tracking unit 13a can obtain the position of the eyes of the viewer by processing the captured image, and the specific processing method involves image feature-based eye feature extraction and coordinate transformation from the image position to the actual position, and the like. It is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described here.
  • the determining unit 13b and the control unit 13c Based on the binocular position of the viewer obtained by the tracking unit 13a, the determining unit 13b and the control unit 13c can adjust the position of the light-shielding stripe pattern in the second direction R2 accordingly.
  • the above translation of the opaque stripe pattern may refer to an overall translation of the entire opaque stripe pattern, or may refer to translation of one or more opaque strips and/or open strips in the opaque stripe pattern to change the shading.
  • the width of the stripe and/or the open stripe is not limited in the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is mainly described based on the case where the viewer has only one bit, and the case where there is more than one viewer can be processed by referring to the embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an adjustment principle of a light shielding stripe pattern according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • a pair of adjacent left-eye sub-pixels PL and right-eye sub-pixels PR are taken as an example. From left to right, the positions of the eyes are deviated to the left from the standard position of the eyes, and the positions of the eyes are exactly in the standard position of the eyes. And the case where the position of both eyes is shifted to the right from the standard position of both eyes.
  • a point on the centerline of the stripe 12b, these three different points are on the same line (shown by the dashed line in the figure).
  • the preset condition calculates the offset of the opaque stripe pattern in the second direction R2 with respect to the preset standard position in three cases: - ⁇ d, 0, and ⁇ d. Therefore, the control unit 13c can output a corresponding control signal such that the opaque stripe pattern formed by the parallax barrier layer 12 is offset by the amount - ⁇ d in the three directions in the second direction R2 as shown in FIG. 5, respectively. 0 and ⁇ d are translated.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can realize the adaptive adjustment of the light-transmitting opening in the parallax barrier with respect to the position of the eyes in combination with the tracking of the position of the eyes of the viewer, thereby effectively suppressing the generation of the moiré; and at the same time, The angle between the second directions is set to suppress the crosstalk problem caused by the diffusion of light at the light-transmitting opening. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention can improve problems such as moiré and crosstalk in the parallax barrier type 3D display device, and are advantageous for improving the display effect of the 3D display device.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the display panel 11 may include a first liquid crystal layer 11q
  • the parallax barrier layer 12 may include a second liquid crystal layer 12q, so that the display panel 11 may be displayed in a manner based on the principle of liquid crystal display.
  • the parallax barrier layer 12 may form the above-described light-shielding stripe pattern in a manner based on the principle of liquid crystal display. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the embodiment of the present invention, the manner of forming the light-shielding stripe pattern is not limited to the manner described herein.
  • the parallax barrier layer 12 as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 may further include a common electrode (not shown) and a plurality of strip electrodes 12p arranged in parallel in the second direction R2, the liquid crystal layer 12q It may be located between the above-described common electrode 12c and the plurality of strip electrodes 12p, and the strip electrodes 12p are connected to the plurality of control signal lines 12d to make the light-shielding stripes by controlling the turn-on voltage applied to the control signal line 12d.
  • the pattern is translated according to the offset.
  • the plurality of strip electrodes are divided into a plurality of electrode groups including the same number of electrodes, that is, the plurality of strip electrodes are periodically arranged according to a repeating group, and any of the above repetitions
  • the plurality of strip electrodes in the group are respectively connected to the plurality of control signal lines one-to-one.
  • a plurality of strip electrodes 12p are arranged in parallel in the second direction R2, and the plurality of strip electrodes 12p are periodically arranged in a repeating group of five.
  • the plurality of strip electrodes 12p are connected to the five control signal lines 12d one to one. Therefore, in the case where the common electrode 12c is loaded with the common voltage, according to the on-voltage loading condition on the five control signal lines 12d, the corresponding light-shielding region and the light-transmitting region can be formed in the liquid crystal layer 12q, and according to the above-mentioned repeated group period
  • the arrangement is such that the light-shielding stripes and the open stripes of the light-shielding stripe pattern are formed.
  • the parallax barrier layer 12 can also determine the five control signals to each of the repeating groups according to the control signal from the control unit 13c. Which of the lines 12d is loaded with the turn-on voltage. Specifically, it is assumed that the number of the five control signal lines 12d shown in FIG. 7 is 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 from bottom to top, and then the combination of the load-on voltages of 123, 234, 345, 451, and 512 can be The above-described opaque stripe patterns of five different offsets are respectively formed.
  • the parallax barrier layer 12 may include a substrate on which the light shielding stripe pattern is formed, and a micromechanical structure that can drive the substrate to move slightly in the second direction R2;
  • the parallax barrier layer 12 may specifically include an electronic ink screen that may form the above-described light-shielding stripe pattern with different offsets under the control of the control signal.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional display device according to another embodiment of the present invention. Similar to any of the above three-dimensional display devices, the three-dimensional display device also includes a display panel 11 and a parallax barrier layer 12 disposed on the display panel 11. Also, in the present embodiment, for clarity of display, the display panel 11 and the parallax barrier layer 12 shown in FIG. 8 are separated from each other; and when the three-dimensional display device is formed, the display panel 11 and the parallax barrier layer 12 may be predetermined. Ways to combine with each other. In this embodiment, unlike the above three-dimensional display device, the first direction R1 and the second direction R2 in the embodiment of the present invention have a certain angle. Specifically, in the case where the aspect ratio of any of the left-eye pixels PL or any of the right-eye pixels PR is N, the size of the included angle is arctan (1/N).
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a pixel arrangement manner on the display panel shown in FIG. 8.
  • a plurality of columns of left-eye pixels PL and right-eye pixels PR are disposed in the display panel 11, and a plurality of columns of left-eye pixels PL and right-eye pixels PR are alternately arranged in the first direction R1, that is, in the row direction.
  • the parallax barrier layer 12 is for forming a light-shielding stripe pattern in which stripes are arranged in the second direction R2 as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • the present invention may be tilted to the upper left, the upper right, or the lower left while maintaining the predetermined angle.
  • the predetermined angle There is no limit to this.
  • the second direction R2 and the first direction R1 in the embodiment have a certain angle
  • the cross-sectional structure of the three-dimensional display device and the working principle of the three-dimensional display device in the second direction R2 can still be The description is made by using the graph shown in FIG. 3, and the display panel 11 and the parallax barrier layer 12 in the embodiment of the present invention may be the same or correspondingly set with reference to the above, and details are not described herein again.
  • the light-shielding stripes 12a and the open stripes 12b alternately arranged in the second direction R2 are parallel to one diagonal line of the left-eye pixel PL or the right-eye pixel PR, that is, the second direction R2 is perpendicular to the left-eye pixel.
  • a diagonal line of the PL or the right-eye pixel PR so that the light emitted by the left-eye pixel PL can be prevented from entering the right-eye pixel imaging area AR and the light emitted by the right-eye pixel PR entering the left-eye imaging area AL to a certain extent, thereby Suppresses the generation of crosstalk.
  • the light-shielding stripes 12a and the open stripes 12b alternately arranged in the second direction R2 are mutually associated with a column of left-eye pixels PL or a column of right-eye pixels PR. Parallel, so the generation of crosstalk can also be suppressed.
  • an image shifting unit 13d (shown in FIG. 10) for using the position of both eyes of the viewer obtained by the tracking unit 13a may be further included.
  • the image to be displayed is translated near the standard position. For example, when it is determined that the left eye of the viewer is located in the current right eye imaging area AR, and the right eye of the viewer is located in the current left eye imaging area AL, the image to be displayed may be in the first direction R1 described above.
  • the width of one pixel is shifted as a whole, so that the left eye pixel AL displays the right eye picture, and the right eye pixel AR displays the left eye picture to adapt to the current viewer's binocular position.
  • the above standard position is the position of the image when the viewer's eyes are facing the center of the screen, but it can be understood that the above translation is image translation at the pixel level, and usually does not change significantly.
  • the position of the picture is displayed, so that the translation is limited to the “standard position”, and a specific translation limitation range can be set by a person skilled in the art according to the actual application requirement, which is not limited by the present invention.
  • the above-mentioned three-dimensional display device may include other components, such as components that support, connect, protect, or guide light, in addition to the above-mentioned structures, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
  • FIG. 11 is a flow chart showing the steps of a three-dimensional display method according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the three-dimensional display method is applied to a three-dimensional display device including a display panel and a parallax barrier layer disposed on the display panel, the display panel having left-eye pixels and right-eye pixels alternately arranged in a first direction, and a parallax barrier layer for forming A blackout stripe pattern, see Figure 11, the method comprising:
  • Step 901 Track the position of the eyes of the viewer
  • Step 902 Determine, according to the binocular position of the viewer, the offset of the blackout stripe pattern in the second direction relative to the preset standard position in the preset condition; wherein the stripe in the shading stripe pattern is arranged in the second direction And an image forming area of the left eye pixel and the image area of the right eye pixel are separated from each other in space;
  • Step 903 Send a control signal to the parallax barrier layer according to the offset amount, so that the light shielding stripe pattern formed by the parallax barrier layer is translated in the second direction according to the offset amount.
  • steps 901 to 903 respectively correspond to the functions of the foregoing tracking unit 13a, the determining unit 13b and the control unit 13c, and thus may have corresponding step flows and specific implementation manners, and details are not described herein again.
  • the first direction and the second direction may be set to have a size of arctan therebetween.
  • the light-shielding strips and the open strips alternately arranged in the second direction are parallel to one diagonal line of the left-eye pixel or the right-eye pixel, so that the light emitted from the left-eye pixel can be prevented from entering the right-eye pixel imaging to a certain extent.
  • the light emitted from the area and the right eye pixel enters the left eye imaging area, thereby suppressing the generation of crosstalk.
  • the first direction and the second direction may also be set to be parallel to each other.
  • the light-shielding strips and the open strips alternately arranged in the second direction are parallel to a column of left-eye pixels or a column of right-eye pixels. Cause This also suppresses the generation of crosstalk.
  • the parallax barrier layer may include a common electrode, and a plurality of strip electrodes arranged in parallel in the second direction. And a liquid crystal layer between the common electrode and the plurality of strip electrodes; in one embodiment, in the second direction, the plurality of strip electrodes are periodically arranged according to a repeating group, any of the repeating groups
  • the plurality of strip electrodes are respectively connected to the plurality of control signal lines one-to-one.
  • the above-described three-dimensional display method may include a step (not shown) of shifting an image to be displayed near a standard position according to the binocular position of the viewer described above.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can realize the adaptive adjustment of the light-transmitting opening in the parallax barrier with respect to the position of the eyes in combination with the tracking of the position of the eyes of the viewer, thereby effectively suppressing the generation of the moiré; and at the same time, The angle between the second directions is set to suppress the crosstalk problem caused by the diffusion of light at the light-transmitting opening. Therefore, the embodiments of the present invention can improve problems such as moiré and crosstalk in the parallax barrier type 3D display device, and are advantageous for improving the display effect of the 3D display device.
  • the terms “mounted,” “connected,” and “connected” are used in a broad sense, and may be, for example, a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection, It can also be an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or it can be connected indirectly through an intermediate medium, which can be the internal connection of two components.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood on a case-by-case basis.

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种三维显示装置及三维显示方法，其中的三维显示装置包括显示面板和设置在显示面板上的视差屏障层；显示面板内设有在第一方向上交替排列的左眼像素与右眼像素；三维显示装置还包括：跟踪单元，用于跟踪观看者的双眼位置；与跟踪单元相连的确定单元，用于根据跟踪单元得到的观看者的双眼位置确定预设条件下遮光条纹图案在第二方向上相对于预设标准位置的偏移量；与确定单元相连的控制单元，用于根据确定单元得到的偏移量向视差屏障层发送控制信号，以使视差屏障层所形成的遮光条纹图案在第二方向上按照偏移量进行平移。本发明可以改善视差屏障式3D显示装置中的摩尔纹和串扰等问题。

Description

三维显示装置及三维显示方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2015年07月31日递交的中国专利申请第201510463447.7号的优先权，在此全文引用上述中国专利申请公开的内容以作为本申请的一部分。
技术领域
本发明实施例涉及显示技术领域，具体涉及一种三维显示装置及三维显示方法。
背景技术
现有的裸眼3D显示当中，串扰(Crosstalk)和摩尔纹(Moire)是影响立体显示效果的两项首要问题。其中，串扰主要成因是形成左眼图像的光线与形成右眼图像的光线不能在左右眼之间完全分离，最终在观看者眼中则表现为重影，对显示效果造成极大的不良影响。举例来说，现有的视差屏障(Parallax Barrier)式3D显示装置中，与左眼像素和右眼像素的排列方式相配合的视差屏障可以将两种像素发出的光线导至不同的方向以形成左右眼的不同画面，但是光线容易通过视差屏障的开口部分向其他方向进行扩散，因此普遍存在着难以消除的串扰问题。
另一方面，由于视差屏障与像素结构在空间频率上相互接近，因此该类型的3D显示装置同时也存在着严重的摩尔纹现象。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种三维显示装置及三维显示方法，可以改善视差 屏障式3D显示装置中的摩尔纹和串扰等问题。
根据本发明的一个实施例，提供了一种三维显示装置，包括显示面板和设置在所述显示面板上的视差屏障层，所述显示面板包括在第一方向上交替排列的左眼像素与右眼像素，所述视差屏障层用于形成遮光条纹图案，所述遮光条纹图案中的条纹沿第二方向排列，以使所述左眼像素的成像区域与所述右眼像素的成像区域在空间内相互分离，所述三维显示装置还包括：
跟踪单元，用于跟踪观看者的双眼位置；
与所述跟踪单元相连的确定单元，用于根据所述跟踪单元得到的观看者的双眼位置确定预设条件下所述遮光条纹图案在所述第二方向上相对于预设标准位置的偏移量；
与所述确定单元相连的控制单元，用于根据所述确定单元得到的偏移量向所述视差屏障层发送控制信号，以使所述视差屏障层所形成的遮光条纹图案在所述第二方向上按照所述偏移量进行平移。
在一个实施例中，所述遮光条纹图案包括遮光条纹和开口条纹，所述预设条件为：所述左眼像素的出光面中心与所述右眼像素的出光面中心的连线中点、所述观看者的双眼位置之间的中心点、和所述开口条纹的中心点位于同一条直线上。
在一个实施例中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向一致。
在一个实施例中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向的夹角为arctan(1/N)，其中，N为任一所述左眼像素或任一所述右眼像素的长宽比。
在一个实施例中，所述视差屏障层包括液晶层，以通过对所述液晶层的取向的控制来形成所述遮光条纹图案。
在一个实施例中，所述视差屏障层还包括公共电极；以及在所述第二方向上平行排列的多个条状电极；位于所述公共电极与所述多个条状电极之间的液晶层，其中所述液晶层位于所述公共电极与所述多个条状电极之间，所述多个条状电极被连接到多条控制信号线上，以通过控制施加在所述控制信号线上的开启电压来使所述遮光条纹图案按照所述偏移量进行平 移。
在一个实施例中，在所述第二方向上，所述多个条状电极被分成包含相同数量电极的多个电极组，所述电极组中的电极数量与所述控制信号线的数量相同，且所述电极组中的电极分别与所述控制信号线连接。
在一个实施例中，所述三维显示装置还包括：图像平移单元，用于根据所述跟踪单元得到的观看者的双眼位置将待显示图像在所述预设标准位置附近进行平移。
在一个实施例中，所述视差屏障层还包括用于在其上形成所述遮光条纹图案的基板，以及用于驱动所述基板在所述第二方向上移动的微机械机构。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，提供了一种三维显示方法，用于三维显示装置，所述三维显示装置包括显示面板和设置在所述显示面板上的视差屏障层，所述显示面板具有在第一方向上交替排列的左眼像素与右眼像素，所述视差屏障层用于形成遮光条纹图案，所述方法包括：
跟踪观看者的双眼位置；
根据所述观看者的双眼位置确定预设条件下所述遮光条纹图案在第二方向上相对于预设标准位置的偏移量，其中，所述遮光条纹图案中的条纹沿所述第二方向排列以使所述左眼像素的成像区域与所述右眼像素的成像区域在空间内相互分离；
根据所述偏移量向所述视差屏障层发送控制信号，以使所述视差屏障层所形成的遮光条纹图案在所述第二方向上按照所述偏移量进行平移。
在一个实施例中，所述预设条件为：所述左眼像素的出光面中心与所述右眼像素的出光面中心的连线中点、所述观看者的双眼位置之间的中心点、和所述遮光条纹图案中的开口条纹的中心点位于同一条直线上。
在一个实施例中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向一致。
在一个实施例中，所述第一方向与所述第二方向的夹角为arctan(1/N)，其中N为任一所述左眼像素或任一所述右眼像素的长宽比。
在一个实施例中，所述视差屏障层包括公共电极；在所述第二方向上 平行排列的多个条状电极；以及位于所述公共电极与所述多个条状电极之间的液晶层，通过控制施加在与所述条状电极相连接的控制信号线上的开启电压来使所述遮光条纹图案按照所述偏移量进行平移。
在一种实施例中，在所述第二方向上，所述多个条状电极被分成包含相同数量电极的多个电极组，所述电极组中的电极数量与所述控制信号线的数量相同，且所述电极组中的电极分别与所述控制线连接，通过控制与所述电极组中的电极相连接的控制信号线上的开启电压来使所述遮光条纹图案按照所述偏移量进行平移。
在一个实施例中，该方法还包括：
根据所述观看者的双眼位置将待显示图像在标准位置附近进行平移。
根据本发明的实施例可以结合对观看者双眼位置的追踪实现视差屏障中透光条纹图案关于双眼位置的适应性调节，因此可以有效抑制摩尔纹的产生；同时，可以通过对第一方向与第二方向之间夹角的设置来抑制光线在透光开口处发生扩散而产生的串扰问题。所以，本发明的实施例可以改善视差屏障式3D显示装置中的摩尔纹和串扰等问题，有利于提升3D显示装置的显示效果。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单的介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的一种三维显示装置的结构示意图；
图2是图1所示的显示面板上的像素排布方式示意图；
图3是根据本发明一个实施例的一种三维显示装置的工作原理示意图；
图4是根据本发明一个实施例的三维显示装置的一种结构框图；
图5是根据本发明一个实施例的一种遮光条纹图案的调整原理示意图；
图6是根据本发明一个实施例的一种三维显示装置的剖面结构示意图；
图7是根据本发明一个实施例的一种条状电极的设置方式示意图；
图8是根据本发明另一实施例的一种三维显示装置的结构示意图；
图9是图8所示的显示面板上的像素排布方式示意图；
图10是根据本发明一个实施例的三维显示装置的另一种结构框图；
图11是根据本发明一个实施例的一种三维显示方法的步骤流程示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
图1是根据本发明一个实施例的一种三维显示装置的结构示意图。参见图1，该三维显示装置包括显示面板11和设置在显示面板11上的视差屏障层12。需要说明的是，为显示清楚，图1所示的显示面板11和视差屏障层12是相互分离的；而在形成三维显示装置时，显示面板11和视差屏障层12可以按照预定的方式相互结合。
图2是图1所示的显示面板上的像素排布方式示意图。参见图2，上述显示面板11具有在第一方向R1上交替排列的左眼像素PL与右眼像素PR，而上述视差屏障层12用于形成遮光条纹图案，该遮光条纹图案第二方向R2排列。在本发明实施例中，为了防止遮光条纹图案遮挡显示面板，而不能清楚地显示显示面板的左眼像素和右眼像素，在图2中仅示出显示面板的像素排布方式，而未示出遮光条纹图案。其中，上述任一左眼像素 PL或右眼像素PR均为显示面板11的显示区的一部分，可以仅包括一个单色子像素区域，也可以包括多于一个的单色子像素区域，本发明对此不做限制。另外可以在图1和图2中看出，本发明实施例中的第一方向R1与第二方向R2一致。
基于此，图3是根据本发明一个实施例中一种三维显示装置的工作原理示意图。参见图3，图3示出了该三维显示装置在上述第一方向R1或第二方向R2上的部分剖面结构的示意图，该方向上显示面板11内的左眼像素PL与右眼像素PR交替排列，而视差屏障层12中形成了由遮光条纹12a与开口条纹12b交替排列形成的上述遮光条纹图案(形状如图1所示)。由此，上述结构可以使左眼像素PL的成像区域AL与右眼像素PR的成像区域AR在空间内相互分离。
具体地，在图3中的左眼成像区域AL内，可以按照图3所示的光路接收到来自左眼像素PL的光线，也就是说该区域内可以观察到所有左眼像素PL形成的左眼画面；相应地，在图3中的右眼成像区域AR内，可以按照图3所示的光路接收到来自右眼像素PR的光线，也就是说该区域内即可以观察到所有右眼像素PR形成的右眼画面。基于此，可以根据瞳距对图3中的各项尺寸参数进行合理的设计，实现由左右眼视差而形成的三维显示。
本领域技术人员应当理解的是，图3中为显示完整的光路而在各项尺寸参数的比例上有所夸张。而且，为形成三维显示，上述在第一方向上交替排列的左眼像素PL与右眼像素PR还可以具有不同于图2所示的排列方式，比如在不同行之间进行交错排列。
应理解的是，上述左眼像素PL的成像区域与右眼像素PR的成像区域在空间内的相互分离并不意味着两个成像区域不能有任何的交叉，比如左眼和右眼均在上述左眼成像区域AL与上述右眼成像区域AR的交界处附近处观察时，有可能出现左眼画面和右眼画面都能观察到的情况，同时还会产生很严重的摩尔纹。对此，本发明实施例的三维显示装置可以通过如下结构来改善上述问题，如图4所示，其还包括：
跟踪单元13a，用于跟踪观看者的双眼位置，在本发明实施例中，跟 踪单元13a可以根据拍摄到的图像对观看者的双眼位置进行跟踪；
与上述跟踪单元13a相连的确定单元13b，用于根据上述跟踪单元13a得到的观看者的双眼位置确定预设条件下上述遮光条纹图案在上述第二方向R2上相对于预设标准位置的偏移量；
与上述确定单元相连的控制单元13c，用于根据上述确定单元13b得到的偏移量向上述视差屏障层12发送控制信号，以使视差屏障层12所形成的遮光条纹图案在第二方向R2上按照上述偏移量进行平移。
举例来说，上述跟踪单元13a可以包括设置在预定位置处并可以拍摄到观看者的摄像头，或者可以从接收到的外部输入信号中得到观看者的拍摄画面。由此，跟踪单元13a可以通过对拍摄得到的图像进行处理来得到观看者的双眼位置，具体的处理方法涉及基于图像的眼部特征提取以及从图像位置到实际位置的坐标变换等过程，而均是本领域技术人员所熟知的，在此不再赘述。基于跟踪单元13a得到的观看者的双眼位置，确定单元13b和控制单元13c可以对遮光条纹图案在第二方向R2上的位置进行相应的调整。
需要说明的是，上述对遮光条纹图案的平移可以是指对整个遮光条纹图案的整体平移，也可以是指对遮光条纹图案中的一个或多个遮光条纹和/或开口条纹的平移以改变遮光条纹和/或开口条纹的宽度，本发明对此不做限定。而且，本发明实施例主要基于观看者只有一位的情形进行说明，存在多于一位观看者的情形可以参照本发明实施例进行处理。
图5是根据发明一个实施例的一种遮光条纹图案的调整原理示意图。参见图5，图中以一对相邻的左眼子像素PL与右眼子像素PR为例，从左至右依次展示了双眼位置向左偏离双眼标准位置、双眼位置恰好处于双眼标准位置，以及双眼位置向右偏离双眼标准位置的情形。三种情形均满足下述预设条件：左眼子像素PL的出光面中心与右眼子像素PR的出光面中心的连线中点、观看者的双眼位置之间的中心点、以及一条开口条纹12b的中心线上的一点，这三个不同的点位于同一条直线上(如图中的虚线所示)。由此，在确定单元13b确定观看者的双眼位置如图5中所示的那样相对于双眼标准位置向左偏离、恰好重合或是向右偏离时，就可以按照上述 预设条件计算出三种情形下遮光条纹图案在第二方向R2上相对于预设标准位置的偏移量：-Δd、0和Δd。从而，控制单元13c可以输出相应的控制信号，以使视差屏障层12所形成的遮光条纹图案如图5所示的那样在第二方向R2上在三种情形下分别按照偏移量-Δd、0和Δd进行平移。
应当理解的是，由于上述遮光条纹图案的遮光条纹12a和开口条纹12b都具有一定的宽度，几乎不可能在每一位置处都严格地满足上述预设条件，因此上述预设条件可以视为一种只能无限趋近的理想条件。而且，参照上述预设条件，本领域技术人员还可以得到具有其他表述形式或者具有其他设定目标的预设条件，本发明对此不做限制。另外应当理解的是，图5中为显示完整的光路而在各项尺寸参数的比例上有所夸张。
由此可见，本发明实施例可以结合对观看者双眼位置的追踪实现视差屏障中透光开口关于双眼位置的适应性调节，因此可以有效抑制摩尔纹的产生；同时，可以通过对第一方向与第二方向之间夹角的设置来抑制光线在透光开口处发生扩散而产生的串扰问题。所以，本发明实施例可以改善视差屏障式3D显示装置中的摩尔纹和串扰等问题，有利于提升3D显示装置的显示效果。
另一方面，在上述技术方案中应当理解的是，上述视差屏障层12所形成的遮光条纹图案应当可以在控制信号的控制下在上述第二方向R2上平移。图6是根据本发明一个实施例的一种三维显示装置的剖面结构示意图。在上文任意一种三维显示装置的基础上，显示面板11可以包括第一液晶层11q，视差屏障层12可以包括第二液晶层12q，从而显示面板11可以基于液晶显示原理的方式来进行显示，视差屏障层12可以基于液晶显示原理的方式来形成上述遮光条纹图案，本领域技术人员可以理解，在本发明实施例中，形成遮光条纹图案的方式不限于在此描述的方式。
在一个实施例中，如图6和图7所示上述视差屏障层12可以还包括公共电极(未示出)以及在第二方向R2上平行排列的若干个条状电极12p，上述液晶层12q可以位于上述公共电极12c与上述多个条状电极12p之间，该条状电极12p被连接到多条控制信号线12d上，以通过控制施加在控制信号线12d上的开启电压来使遮光条纹图案按照所述偏移量进行平移。
在一个实施例中，在第二方向R2上，上述若干个条状电极被分成包含相同数量电极的多个电极组，即上述若干个条状电极依照一重复组周期性排列，任一上述重复组中的多个条状电极分别与多条控制信号线一对一连接。
作为一种示例，如图7所示，若干个条状电极12p在第二方向R2上平行排列，并且该若干个条状电极12p以5个为一重复组周期性排列。每一重复组中，5个条状电极12p与5条控制信号线12d一对一连接。由此，在公共电极12c加载有公共电压的情况下，依照5条控制信号线12d上的开启电压加载情况，液晶层12q中可以形成相应的遮光区域与透光区域，并依照上述重复组周期性排列，从而形成遮光条纹图案的遮光条纹和开口条纹。在本发明的一个实施例中，当需要根据上述获得的偏离量来调整遮光条纹时，同样可以根据来自控制单元13c的控制信号，视差屏障层12可以确定向每一重复组中5条控制信号线12d中的哪几条加载开启电压。具体地，设图7所示的5条控制信号线12d的编号由下至上依次为①、②、③、④、⑤，那么①②③、②③④、③④⑤、④⑤①、⑤①②的加载开启电压的组合则可以分别形成五种不同偏移量的上述遮光条纹图案。
另外，在本发明的其他实施例中，上述视差屏障层12可以包括一形成有上述遮光条纹图案的基板，以及可以驱动该基板在第二方向R2上进行微移动的微机械结构；或者，上述视差屏障层12可以具体包括电子墨水屏，该电子墨水屏可以在控制信号的控制下以不同的偏移量形成上述遮光条纹图案。
作为另一种示例，图8是根据本发明另一实施例的一种三维显示装置的结构示意图。与上述任意一种三维显示装置相同的是，该三维显示装置同样包括显示面板11和设置在显示面板11上的视差屏障层12。同样，在本实施例中，为显示清楚，图8所示的显示面板11和视差屏障层12是相互分离的；而在形成三维显示装置时，显示面板11和视差屏障层12可以按照预定的方式相互结合。本实施例中，与上述任意一种三维显示装置所不同的是，本发明实施例中的上述第一方向R1与上述第二方向R2之间具有一定夹角。具体地，在任一上述左眼像素PL或任一上述右眼像素PR的长宽比均为N的情况下，该夹角的大小为arctan(1/N)。
具体地，图9是图8所示的显示面板上的像素排布方式示意图。参见图9，显示面板11内设有若干列的左眼像素PL与右眼像素PR，若干列的左眼像素PL与右眼像素PR在第一方向R1也就是行方向上交替排列。视差屏障层12用于形成条纹沿第二方向R2排列的遮光条纹图案，如图8和图9所示。当然，虽然图8和图9所示的第二方向R2均是向右下方倾斜的，但保持上述预设夹角不变的情况下还可以向左上方、右上方或者左下方倾斜，本发明对此不做限制。可以理解的是，虽然本实施例中的第二方向R2与第一方向R1之间具有一定夹角，但是在第二方向R2上三维显示装置的剖面结构以及该三维显示装置的工作原理仍然可以利用图3所示的图形来描述，而且本发明实施例中的显示面板11与视差屏障层12均可以参照上文来进行相同或相应的设置，在此不再赘述。
如图9所示，沿第二方向R2交替排列的遮光条纹12a与开口条纹12b均与左眼像素PL或右眼像素PR的一条对角线相互平行，即第二方向R2垂直于左眼像素PL或右眼像素PR的一条对角线，因此可以在一定程度上避免左眼像素PL出射的光线进入右眼像素成像区域AR、右眼像素PR出射的光线进入左眼成像区域AL，从而可以抑制串扰的产生。在图1和图2中，在第一方向R1与第二方向R2一致时，沿第二方向R2交替排列的遮光条纹12a与开口条纹12b均与一列左眼像素PL或者一列右眼像素PR相互平行，因此同样可以抑制串扰的产生。
还可以理解的是，出于硬件方面的限制，上述遮光条纹图案所能进行的平移在精度和范围上都有限制，而显示效果可能不能达到足够理想的程度。为此，在上述任意一种三维显示装置的基础上，还可以包括图像平移单元13d(如图10所示)，该图像平移单元13d用于根据上述跟踪单元13a得到的观看者的双眼位置将待显示图像在标准位置附近进行平移。举例来说，在判断出观看者的左眼位于当前的右眼成像区域AR内、而观看者的右眼位于当前的左眼成像区域AL内时，可以将待显示图像在上述第一方向R1上整体平移一个像素的宽度，从而使得左眼像素AL显示右眼画面、右眼像素AR显示左眼画面，以适应当前的观看者的双眼位置。需要说明的是，上述标准位置为观看者双眼正对画面中心时图像所处的位置，而可以理解的是，上述平移是像素级别上的图像平移，通常不会显著地改变显 示画面的位置，因此平移被限制在“标准位置附近”，本领域技术人员可以根据实际应用需要设定具体的平移限制范围，本发明对此不做限制。
此外，除了上面提到的结构之外，上述三维显示装置还可以包括其他的部件，例如起到支撑、连接、保护或者导光作用的部件等，本发明对此不做限制。
基于同样的发明构思，图11是根据发明一个实施例的一种三维显示方法的步骤流程示意图。该三维显示方法用于三维显示装置，其包括显示面板和设置在显示面板上的视差屏障层，显示面板具有在第一方向上交替排列的左眼像素与右眼像素，视差屏障层用于形成遮光条纹图案，参见图11，该方法包括：
步骤901：跟踪观看者的双眼位置；
步骤902：根据上述观看者的双眼位置确定预设条件下遮光条纹图案在第二方向上相对于预设标准位置的偏移量；其中，上述遮光条纹图案中的条纹在上述第二方向上排列，用于使上述左眼像素的成像区域与上述右眼像素的成像区域在空间内相互分离；
步骤903：根据上述偏移量向上述视差屏障层发送控制信号，以使上述视差屏障层所形成的遮光条纹图案在上述第二方向上按照上述偏移量进行平移。
可以看出，步骤901至步骤903分别对应于上述跟踪单元13a、确定单元13b和控制单元13c的功能，因而可以具有相对应的步骤流程和具体实现方式，在此不再赘述。
为了抑制串扰产生，者在任一上述左眼像素或任一上述右眼像素的长宽比均为N的情况下，上述第一方向与上述第二方向可以被设置为它们之间具有大小为arctan(1/N)的夹角。此时，沿第二方向交替排列的遮光条纹与开口条纹均与左眼像素或右眼像素的一条对角线相互平行，因此可以在一定程度上避免左眼像素出射的光线进入右眼像素成像区域、右眼像素出射的光线进入左眼成像区域，从而抑制串扰的产生。此外，如上所述，第一方向与第二方向还可以被设置为相互平行，此时，沿第二方向交替排列的遮光条纹与开口条纹均与一列左眼像素或者一列右眼像素相互平行，因 此同样可以抑制串扰的产生。
如上所述，为了实现左眼像素的成像区域与右眼像素的成像区域在空间内的相互分离，上述视差屏障层可以包括公共电极、在上述第二方向上平行排列的若干个条状电极，以及位于上述公共电极与上述多个条状电极之间的液晶层；在一个实施例中，在上述第二方向上，上述若干个条状电极依照一重复组周期性排列，任一上述重复组中的多个条状电极分别与多个控制信号线一对一连接。具体地，该视差屏障层的一种示例可参见图6和图7以及上文中相应的部分，在此不再赘述。
如上所述，出于硬件方面的限制，上述遮光条纹图案所能进行的平移在精度和范围上都有限制，而显示效果可能不能达到足够理想的程度。为此，上述三维显示方法可以包括根据上述观看者的双眼位置将待显示图像在标准位置附近进行平移的步骤(未示出)。
由此可见，本发明实施例可以结合对观看者双眼位置的追踪实现视差屏障中透光开口关于双眼位置的适应性调节，因此可以有效抑制摩尔纹的产生；同时，可以通过对第一方向与第二方向之间夹角的设置来抑制光线在透光开口处发生扩散而产生的串扰问题。所以，本发明实施例可以改善视差屏障式3D显示装置中的摩尔纹和串扰等问题，有利于提升3D显示装置的显示效果。
在本发明的描述中需要说明的是，术语“上”、“下”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
本发明的说明书中，说明了大量具体细节。然而，能够理解，本发明的实施例可以在没有这些具体细节的情况下实践。在一些实例中，并未详 细示出公知的方法、结构和技术，以便不模糊对本说明书的理解。类似地，应当理解，为了精简本发明公开并帮助理解各个发明方面中的一个或多个，在上面对本发明的示例性实施例的描述中，本发明的各个特征有时被一起分组到单个实施例、图、或者对其的描述中。然而，并不应将该公开的方法解释呈反映如下意图：即所要求保护的本发明要求比在每个权利要求中所明确记载的特征更多的特征。更确切地说，如权利要求书所反映的那样，发明方面在于少于前面公开的单个实施例的所有特征。因此，遵循具体实施方式的权利要求书由此明确地并入该具体实施方式，其中每个权利要求本身都作为本发明的单独实施例。
应该注意的是上述实施例对本发明进行说明而不是对本发明进行限制，并且本领域技术人员在不脱离所附权利要求的范围的情况下可设计出替换实施例。在权利要求中，不应将位于括号之间的任何参考符号构造成对权利要求的限制。单词“包含”不排除存在未列在权利要求中的元件或步骤。位于元件之前的单词“一”或“一个”不排除存在多个这样的元件。本发明可以借助于包括有若干不同元件的硬件以及借助于适当编程的计算机来实现。在列举了若干装置的单元权利要求中，这些装置中的若干个可以是通过同一个硬件项来具体体现。单词第一、第二、以及第三等的使用不表示任何顺序。可将这些单词解释为名称。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种三维显示装置，其特征在于，包括显示面板和设置在所述显示面板上的视差屏障层，所述显示面板包括在第一方向上交替排列的左眼像素与右眼像素，所述视差屏障层用于形成遮光条纹图案，所述遮光条纹图案中的条纹沿第二方向排列，以使所述左眼像素的成像区域与所述右眼像素的成像区域在空间内相互分离，所述三维显示装置还包括：
    跟踪单元，用于跟踪观看者的双眼位置；
    与所述跟踪单元相连的确定单元，用于根据所述跟踪单元得到的观看者的双眼位置确定预设条件下所述遮光条纹图案在所述第二方向上相对于预设标准位置的偏移量；
    与所述确定单元相连的控制单元，用于根据所述确定单元得到的偏移量向所述视差屏障层发送控制信号，以使所述视差屏障层所形成的遮光条纹图案在所述第二方向上按照所述偏移量进行平移。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的三维显示装置，其特征在于，所述遮光条纹图案包括遮光条纹和开口条纹，所述预设条件为：所述左眼像素的出光面中心与所述右眼像素的出光面中心的连线中点、所述观看者的双眼位置之间的中心点、和所述开口条纹的中心点位于同一条直线上。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的三维显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一方向与所述第二方向一致。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的三维显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一方向与所述第二方向的夹角为arctan(1/N)，其中，N为任一所述左眼像素或任一所述右眼像素的长宽比。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的三维显示装置，其特征在于，所述视差屏障层包括液晶层，以通过对所述液晶层的取向的控制来形成所述遮光条纹图案。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的三维显示装置，其特征在于，所述视差屏障层还包括公共电极；以及在所述第二方向上平行排列的多个条状电极，其中所述液晶层位于所述公共电极与所述多个条状电极之间，所述多个条状 电极被连接到多条控制信号线上，以通过控制施加在所述控制信号线上的开启电压来使所述遮光条纹图案按照所述偏移量进行平移。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的三维显示装置，其特征在于，
    在所述第二方向上，所述多个条状电极被分成包含相同数量电极的多个电极组，所述电极组中的电极数量与所述控制信号线的数量相同，且所述电极组中的电极分别与所述控制信号线连接。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的三维显示装置，其特征在于，所述三维显示装置还包括：
    图像平移单元，用于根据所述跟踪单元得到的观看者的双眼位置将待显示图像在标准位置附近进行平移。
  9. 根据权利要求1至7中任意一项所述的三维显示装置，其特征在于，所述视差屏障层还包括用于在其上形成所述遮光条纹图案的基板，以及用于驱动所述基板在所述第二方向上移动的微机械机构。
  10. 一种三维显示方法，用于三维显示装置，所述三维显示装置包括显示面板和设置在所述显示面板上的视差屏障层，所述显示面板具有在第一方向上交替排列的左眼像素与右眼像素，所述视差屏障层用于形成遮光条纹图案，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    跟踪观看者的双眼位置；
    根据所述观看者的双眼位置确定预设条件下所述遮光条纹图案在第二方向上相对于预设标准位置的偏移量，其中，所述遮光条纹图案中的条纹沿所述第二方向排列以使所述左眼像素的成像区域与所述右眼像素的成像区域在空间内相互分离；
    根据所述偏移量向所述视差屏障层发送控制信号，以使所述视差屏障层所形成的遮光条纹图案在所述第二方向上按照所述偏移量进行平移。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述预设条件为：所述左眼像素的出光面中心与所述右眼像素的出光面中心的连线中点、所述观看者的双眼位置之间的中心点、和所述遮光条纹图案中的开口条纹的中心点位于同一条直线上。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一方向与所述第二方向一致。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一方向与所述第二方向的夹角为arctan(1/N)，其中，N为任一所述左眼像素或任一所述右眼像素的长宽比。
  14. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其特征在于，所述视差屏障层包括公共电极；在所述第二方向上平行排列的多个条状电极；以及位于所述公共电极与所述多个条状电极之间的液晶层，通过控制施加在与所述条状电极相连接的控制信号线上的开启电压来使所述遮光条纹图案按照所述偏移量进行平移。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，
    在所述第二方向上，所述多个条状电极被分成包含相同数量电极的多个电极组，所述电极组中的电极数量与所述控制线的数量相同，且所述电极组中的电极分别与所述控制信号线连接，通过控制与所述电极组中的电极相连接的控制信号线上的开启电压来使所述遮光条纹图案按照所述偏移量进行平移。
  16. 根据权利要求10至15中任意一项所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    根据所述观看者的双眼位置将待显示图像在标准位置附近进行平移。
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