WO2017020336A1 - Electric-heating wax removal and prevention device with natural gas power generation based on skin effect and application thereof - Google Patents

Electric-heating wax removal and prevention device with natural gas power generation based on skin effect and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017020336A1
WO2017020336A1 PCT/CN2015/086777 CN2015086777W WO2017020336A1 WO 2017020336 A1 WO2017020336 A1 WO 2017020336A1 CN 2015086777 W CN2015086777 W CN 2015086777W WO 2017020336 A1 WO2017020336 A1 WO 2017020336A1
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Prior art keywords
natural gas
electric heating
power generation
cable
steel
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PCT/CN2015/086777
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李宾飞
张新军
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中国石油大学(华东)
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Priority to US15/110,209 priority Critical patent/US20170234111A1/en
Publication of WO2017020336A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017020336A1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B36/00—Heating, cooling, insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones
    • E21B36/04—Heating, cooling, insulating arrangements for boreholes or wells, e.g. for use in permafrost zones using electrical heaters
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
    • E21B17/003—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings with electrically conducting or insulating means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02—Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03—Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B37/00—Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B41/00—Equipment or details not covered by groups E21B15/00 - E21B40/00
    • E21B41/0085—Adaptations of electric power generating means for use in boreholes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device and application thereof based on the skin effect, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development equipment.
  • the wax in the crude oil will precipitate as crystals and adsorb on the oil pipe wall due to the decrease of formation temperature and pressure and the escape of light hydrocarbons in the crude oil.
  • the paraffin deposit in the wellbore will cause the oil well flow passage to narrow, hinder the flow of crude oil, and even cause oil well waxing in serious cases, affecting the recovery rate of crude oil and even causing the oil well to stop production.
  • thermal wax removal process is widely used in the wellbore anti-wax work of various oilfields due to its simple operation and quick effect.
  • Common thermal wax removal processes include hot-washing wax cleaning of hot fluid into the wellbore, electric heating method based on skin effect, and wax protection.
  • the electric heating method usually adopts a sucker rod, a tubing, etc. as a heating element in the circuit, and relies on the skin effect principle to continuously heat the crude oil in the oil pipe during the production process, and the wax can be cleaned without shutting down the production. And the effect is good.
  • the electric heating method is usually powered by the ground grid, and the main problem is that the power consumption is large, which will significantly increase the grid load.
  • the application of this method is limited for gas lift wells, self-injection wells, and wells with limited grid loads near the wellhead.
  • the conventional sucker rod or the hollow sucker rod heating due to the existence of the coupling, continuous running in the process of the lowering process cannot be realized, which increases the working risk during the installation process.
  • the present invention provides a natural gas power generation electric heating wax cleaning device based on the skin effect.
  • the invention also provides a working method of a natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device based on the skin effect.
  • the invention adopts the oil well associated natural gas power generation to provide the power source, adjusts the current frequency and controls the heating power through the power frequency electric heating control cabinet, adopts the continuous steel ⁇ cable heating, the cable core wire and the steel raft form a loop, the alternating current is used, and the skin effect is used in the steel. Thermal energy is generated on the outer wall of the crucible to remove or prevent the crude oil from waxing in the tubing.
  • the method has low investment and fast installation speed, and can realize the continuous running of the steel truss cable and the electric heating wax cleaning and wax prevention during the oil recovery process, thereby ensuring the safety during the normal production and installation operation of the oil well.
  • the principle of heat generation in skin effect heating due to the round-trip current in the "heat pipe” of insulated wires and ferromagnetic carbon steel The interaction induces a physical phenomenon that causes the return current in the "heat pipe” to collect on the inner wall surface and generate heat. That is, the skin collection phenomenon of current is concentrated on the inner wall of the "heat pipe", so that the heat pipe generates heat, and the outer wall surface of the heat pipe has no measurable current.
  • a natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device based on skin effect characterized in that the device comprises a natural gas collecting unit, a natural gas power generating unit and an electric heating wax removing and wax preventing device powered by the natural gas power generating unit;
  • the natural gas collection unit is configured to collect and separate natural gas discharged from the wellbore
  • the natural gas power generation unit uses natural gas for power generation.
  • the natural gas collection unit includes an oil and gas metering station, a combined processing station, and a natural gas purification station in series with the wellbore.
  • an oil storage tank is provided in connection with the combined processing station.
  • a gas storage tank is provided in connection with the natural gas purification station.
  • the natural gas power generation unit includes a connected natural gas generator set and a power frequency electric heat control cabinet; and the power frequency electric heat control cabinet is used to control the electric heating wax clearing wax control device.
  • an electrically heated wax-removing wax-blocking device includes a steel-steel cable extending through a tree seal into a wellbore, the steel-steel cable being coupled to the power-frequency electrothermal control cabinet.
  • the reed cable includes a reed sheath, an insulating material layer, a polytetrafluoroethylene layer, and a cable core, which are disposed in order from the outside.
  • the advantage of the design here is that the function of the polytetrafluoroethylene layer is used for sealing and temperature resistance of the cable core, the sealing is for preventing the external fluid from contacting the cable core to cause short circuit, and the temperature resistance is to improve the cable core.
  • the temperature resistance of the line is disposed in order from the outside.
  • the steel truss sheath is a continuous seamless steel tube.
  • An advantage of the design here is that when the steel strand cable is supplied with variable frequency power, heat is generated on the outer wall of the steel sheath by the skin effect while ensuring cable sealing and tensile strength.
  • the electric heating wax cleaning device further includes a wellhead high pressure sealing system disposed at the top of the tree; the wellhead high pressure sealing system includes a pressure cap and a seal through which the steel cable passes in sequence Packings, springs, gates and cable clamps.
  • the advantage of the design here is that the invention adopts a pressure cap, a sealing packing, a spring, a ram and a cable clamping splint to form a high-pressure sealing system according to the structure and principle of the steel truss cable, and when combined with the steel truss cable, It can realize the wellhead seal when the steel cable is accidentally dropped and the steel cable is pressed and pulled out: the steel cable and the pressure cap and the seal
  • the packing, spring and ram form a high pressure seal at the wellhead to achieve high pressure sealing during the winding process of the steel truss cable and the heating process; the cable clamping clamp is used to control the position of the steel stern cable in the wellbore.
  • the spring opens the ram; when the steel truss cable is lifted, the spring is reset to close the ram to prevent the oil and gas from ejecting along the wellhead.
  • a suspension is further provided on the upper portion of the pressure cap.
  • the electric heating wax cleaning device further includes a concentrated heater disposed on a tail end of the steel cable extending into the well, the concentrated heater including a cable connected to the steel cable A resistance wire having an insulating heat conducting layer disposed outside the resistance wire.
  • the steel stranded cable is connected to the electrical resistance wire and the insulating thermally conductive layer by a double ferrule joint, respectively.
  • the insulating and thermally conductive layer is a thermally conductive silicone layer.
  • the advantage of the design here is that in order to adapt to the complicated well structure of the well, the invention combines the thermal silica gel layer with the steel strand cable and the electric resistance wire, so that the cable can be bent on the ground layer as needed.
  • the natural gas power generation unit includes a connected natural gas generator set and a plurality of sets of power frequency electric heat control cabinets; and the plurality of sets of power frequency electric heat control cabinets are respectively configured to respectively control electric heating wax cleaning installed in a plurality of wellbores.
  • Anti-wax device The advantage of the design here is that the invention can realize the electric power output of the natural gas generator set to adjust the power frequency parameter of the power frequency electric heating control cabinet according to the waxing condition of different oil wells, thereby realizing a natural gas generating unit and simultaneously not for the plurality of wellbore. Interference-type clear wax-proof operation.
  • a working method of natural gas power generation electric heating wax-cleaning device based on skin effect comprising the following steps:
  • the natural gas collection unit collects and separates the natural gas in the wellbore, and transmits the natural gas to the natural gas power generation unit for power generation;
  • the natural gas power generation unit performs frequency conversion power supply on the electric heating wax clearing device:
  • variable frequency power supply outputted by the power frequency electric heating control cabinet is connected to a cable core of the steel cable;
  • the neutral wire is connected to the steel raft sheath of the steel truss cable
  • the cable core wire and the steel stern sheath form a loop, and the skin effect is utilized to generate thermal energy on the outer wall of the steel sill sheath to remove or prevent the crude oil from waxing in the wellbore.
  • the method for operating the electric heating wax cleaning device further includes the steps of pulling the steel cable into the wellbore and the steel cable to take out the wellbore:
  • the method of operating the electrically heated wax-cleaning device further includes the steps of accidentally dropping the steel cable to the wellbore:
  • the electric power required for electric heating of the steel sill cable of the present invention is derived from the natural gas power generation department, and the gas source required by the natural gas power generation unit can be directly obtained from the associated gas generated in the oil well, and the associated gas can be utilized and avoided. Electric heating method to clear wax and anti-wax technology dependence on the power grid.
  • the invention utilizes a steel-reinforced concrete cable to melt the waxy deposits in the wellbore, forms a loop by using the cable core wire and the steel sill, generates heat energy on the outer wall of the steel raft cable based on the skin effect, and can realize continuous stencil cable.
  • the electric heating waxing and wax-proofing in the process of oil production and oil recovery ensure the safety of the normal production and installation of the oil well.
  • the present invention is equipped with a wellhead high pressure sealing system, which cooperates with the steel truss cable to solve the problem of dynamic sealing of the steel truss cable and high pressure spurting in the well.
  • the invention adopts a spring-sealed switch, and the compression spring opens the sealing shutter when loading the cable; when the cable is taken out, the spring is reset to close the shutter to prevent the oil and gas from being ejected; the cable is accidentally dropped and the pressure is taken out. Wellhead seal during cable operation.
  • the invention can realize the power frequency parameter of the power frequency electric heating control cabinet according to the electric energy output of the natural gas generator set according to different oil well waxing conditions, thereby realizing a natural gas generating unit and simultaneously not interfering with each other for multiple wellbore Wax operation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a natural gas power generation electric heating and wax removing device based on a skin effect according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the steel stranded cable of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the concentrated heater according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the natural gas power generation electric heating and wax-proof device based on the skin effect according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention
  • 9-1 first tree
  • 9-2 second tree
  • 9—3 the third tree
  • 9—four the fourth tree.
  • a gas-heating electric heating wax-cleaning device based on skin effect comprising a natural gas collecting unit, a natural gas power generating unit and an electric heating wax cleaning device for supplying electricity from a natural gas power generation unit;
  • the natural gas collection portion is configured to collect and separate natural gas discharged from the wellbore 12;
  • the natural gas power generation unit uses natural gas for power generation.
  • the natural gas collection unit includes an oil and gas metering station 15, a joint processing station 17, and a natural gas purification station 21 that are in turn in communication with the wellbore 12.
  • the natural gas power generation unit includes a connected natural gas generating unit 25 and a power frequency electric heating control cabinet 27; the power frequency electric heating control cabinet 27 is used to control the electric heating wax cleaning and wax removing device.
  • the electrically heated wax clearing device comprises sealing a steel strand cable 13 extending into the wellbore 12 through a tree 9 which is connected to the power frequency electric heating control cabinet 27.
  • the invention relates to a natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to the skin effect, which is different in that the steel raft cable 13 comprises a steel raft sheath 28 and an insulating material arranged in order from the outside. Layer 29, Teflon layer 30 and cable core 31.
  • the steel sill sheath 28 is a continuous seamless steel pipe.
  • a natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to the skin effect according to the second embodiment, wherein the electric heating wax clearing device further comprises a wellhead high pressure disposed at the top of the tree 9 a sealing system; the wellhead high pressure sealing system comprising a pressure cap 3, a sealing packing 4, a spring 5, a shutter 6 and a cable clamping jaw 7 through which the steel truss cable 13 passes in sequence.
  • a suspension 2 is further provided at an upper portion of the pressure cap 3.
  • the working method of the natural gas power generation electric heating wax-cleaning device according to the skin effect according to the first embodiment, the second step, the third step is as follows:
  • the natural gas collection unit collects and separates the natural gas in the wellbore, and transmits the natural gas to the natural gas power generation unit for power generation;
  • the natural gas power generation unit performs frequency conversion power supply on the electric heating wax clearing device:
  • variable frequency power supply output by the power frequency electric heating control cabinet 27 is connected to the cable core 31 of the steel reel cable 13;
  • the cable core 31 is looped with the steel sheath 28 to generate thermal energy on the outer wall of the steel sheath 28 using the skin effect to remove or prevent waxing of the crude oil in the wellbore 12.
  • the working method of the natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to the skin effect according to the third embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in that the working method further comprises driving the steel cable into the wellbore and the steel cable. Step out of the well:
  • a natural gas power generation electric heating wax cleaning device according to the skin effect according to the first embodiment, wherein a difference is that an oil storage tank 19 is disposed in connection with the joint processing station 17; and the natural gas purification station 21 A gas storage tank 23 is provided in connection.
  • the embodiment provides a natural gas power generation electric heating wax cleaning device based on the skin effect, which is the same as the first embodiment and the second embodiment. The difference between the three is:
  • the electric heating wax cleaning device further includes a concentrated heater 32 disposed on a tail end of the steel cable 13 extending into the well, the concentrated heater 32 including a resistance wire connected to the steel cable 13 35.
  • An insulating and thermally conductive layer 34 is disposed outside the resistance wire 35.
  • the insulating and thermally conductive layer 34 is a thermally conductive silicone layer.
  • the serious position of the wax is concentrated and heated by the electric resistance wire 35 and the insulating heat conductive layer 34 in the concentrated heater 32 to realize wax melting at the wax blocking position.
  • a skin-effect-based natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device wherein the steel stranded cable 13 passes through the double ferrule joint 33 and the electric resistance wire 35 and the insulating heat conductive layer, respectively. 34 connected.
  • the power generation capacity of the natural gas generator set 25 can be determined according to the number of oil wells.
  • the natural gas power generation unit comprises a connected natural gas generator set 25 and four sets of power frequency electric heat control cabinets: a first power frequency electric heating control cabinet 27-1, a second power frequency electric heat control cabinet 27-2, and a third power frequency electric heat control cabinet. 27-3, fourth power frequency electric heating control cabinet 27-4;
  • the four sets of power frequency electric heating control cabinets are respectively used for correspondingly controlling the electric heating wax cleaning and wax removing device installed in the four wellbores.

Abstract

Provided are an electric-heating wax removal and prevention device with natural gas power generation based on skin effect and an application thereof. The device comprises a natural gas collecting part, a natural gas power generation part, and an electric-heating wax removal and prevention device powered by the natural gas power generation part. The natural gas collecting part is used for collecting and separating natural gas discharged from a shaft (12); and the natural gas power generation part uses the natural gas for power generation. A power source required for electric heating of a steel-armoured cable is from the natural gas power generation part. A gas source required by the natural gas power generation part can be directly obtained from associated gas produced from an oil well. Thus, the associated gas can be used, and the dependence of electric-heating wax removal and prevention technology on a power grid is avoided.

Description

一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置及其应用Natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing anti-wax device based on skin effect and application thereof 技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置及其应用，属于油气田开发设备的技术领域。The invention relates to a natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device and application thereof based on the skin effect, and belongs to the technical field of oil and gas field development equipment.
背景技术Background technique
在采油过程中，由于地层温度、压力的降低以及原油中轻烃的逸出，原油中的蜡会以晶体的形式析出并吸附在油管壁上。井筒中的石蜡沉积会造成油井油流通道变窄，阻碍原油流动，严重时甚至会造成油井蜡卡，影响原油的采出速度，甚至导致油井停产。为了消除油井结蜡的影响，需要定期关井清除油井管壁上沉积的蜡，影响油井正常生产，同时增加了原油的开采成本。During the oil recovery process, the wax in the crude oil will precipitate as crystals and adsorb on the oil pipe wall due to the decrease of formation temperature and pressure and the escape of light hydrocarbons in the crude oil. The paraffin deposit in the wellbore will cause the oil well flow passage to narrow, hinder the flow of crude oil, and even cause oil well waxing in serious cases, affecting the recovery rate of crude oil and even causing the oil well to stop production. In order to eliminate the influence of oil well waxing, it is necessary to regularly shut off the wax deposited on the wall of the oil well, affecting the normal production of the oil well, and increasing the mining cost of the crude oil.
目前，油井清防蜡工艺种类繁多，如机械法、热力法、化学法或微生物法等，其中，热力清蜡工艺由于操作简单、见效快速而广泛应用于各油田的井筒清防蜡工作中。常见的热力清蜡工艺包括向井筒中注入热流体的热洗法清蜡、基于集肤效应的电加热法清防蜡等。电加热法通常采用抽油杆、油管等作为电路中的发热元件，依靠集肤效应原理，在生产过程中持续的对油管内的原油进行加热，不需要关井停产即可进行清防蜡，且效果良好。电加热法通常采用地面电网供电，其主要问题是耗电量大，会显著增加电网负荷。对于井口附近没有电源的气举井、自喷井，以及电网负荷有限的油井，这种方法的应用会受到限制。同时，对于常规抽油杆或空心抽油杆加热，由于接箍的存在，下入过程中不能实现连续下入，增加了安装过程中的作业风险。At present, there are many kinds of wax cleaning processes in oil wells, such as mechanical method, thermal method, chemical method or microbial method. Among them, the thermal wax removal process is widely used in the wellbore anti-wax work of various oilfields due to its simple operation and quick effect. Common thermal wax removal processes include hot-washing wax cleaning of hot fluid into the wellbore, electric heating method based on skin effect, and wax protection. The electric heating method usually adopts a sucker rod, a tubing, etc. as a heating element in the circuit, and relies on the skin effect principle to continuously heat the crude oil in the oil pipe during the production process, and the wax can be cleaned without shutting down the production. And the effect is good. The electric heating method is usually powered by the ground grid, and the main problem is that the power consumption is large, which will significantly increase the grid load. The application of this method is limited for gas lift wells, self-injection wells, and wells with limited grid loads near the wellhead. At the same time, for the conventional sucker rod or the hollow sucker rod heating, due to the existence of the coupling, continuous running in the process of the lowering process cannot be realized, which increases the working risk during the installation process.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对现有技术的不足，本发明提供一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置。In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a natural gas power generation electric heating wax cleaning device based on the skin effect.
本发明还提供一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置的工作方法。The invention also provides a working method of a natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device based on the skin effect.
本发明采用油井伴生天然气发电提供电源，通过工频电热控制柜调节电流频率并控制加热功率，采用连续钢铠电缆加热，电缆芯线与钢铠形成回路，通以交流电，利用集肤效应在钢铠外壁上产生热能，清除或防止原油在油管中结蜡。该方法投资少，安装速度快，可实现钢铠电缆的连续下入以及采油过程中的电加热清蜡和防蜡，保证了油井的正常生产和安装作业过程中的安全性。The invention adopts the oil well associated natural gas power generation to provide the power source, adjusts the current frequency and controls the heating power through the power frequency electric heating control cabinet, adopts the continuous steel 铠 cable heating, the cable core wire and the steel raft form a loop, the alternating current is used, and the skin effect is used in the steel. Thermal energy is generated on the outer wall of the crucible to remove or prevent the crude oil from waxing in the tubing. The method has low investment and fast installation speed, and can realize the continuous running of the steel truss cable and the electric heating wax cleaning and wax prevention during the oil recovery process, thereby ensuring the safety during the normal production and installation operation of the oil well.
术语解释：Explanation of terms:
集肤效应伴热的热量产生原理：由于绝缘导线和铁磁性碳钢“热管”中的往返电流产生 交互感应作用，导致“热管”中的返回电流聚集在其内壁表面，并产生热量的一种物理现象。也就是将电流的集肤现象集中在“热管”的内壁流动，使热管产生热量，而热管的外壁表面没有可测的电流。The principle of heat generation in skin effect heating: due to the round-trip current in the "heat pipe" of insulated wires and ferromagnetic carbon steel The interaction induces a physical phenomenon that causes the return current in the "heat pipe" to collect on the inner wall surface and generate heat. That is, the skin collection phenomenon of current is concentrated on the inner wall of the "heat pipe", so that the heat pipe generates heat, and the outer wall surface of the heat pipe has no measurable current.
集肤效应伴热的热量产生来源于三部分：Skin effect heating with heat is derived from three parts:
1.电流在铁磁性碳钢“热管”内壁返回过程中，由“热管”阻抗产生的热量；1. The heat generated by the "heat pipe" impedance during the return process of the inner wall of the ferromagnetic carbon steel "heat pipe";
2.由于绝缘导线与“热管”之间产生的交互磁场而导致磁滞现象和涡电流而产生的热量；2. The heat generated by hysteresis and eddy current due to the alternating magnetic field generated between the insulated wire and the "heat pipe";
3.由于绝缘导线I2R的阻抗而产生的热量。3. Heat generated by the impedance of the insulated wire I 2 R.
本发明的技术方案如下：The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其特征在于，该装置包括天然气收集部、天然气发电部和由天然气发电部供电的电加热清蜡防蜡装置；A natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device based on skin effect, characterized in that the device comprises a natural gas collecting unit, a natural gas power generating unit and an electric heating wax removing and wax preventing device powered by the natural gas power generating unit;
所述天然气收集部用于收集和分离井筒内排出的天然气；The natural gas collection unit is configured to collect and separate natural gas discharged from the wellbore;
所述天然气发电部利用天然气进行发电。The natural gas power generation unit uses natural gas for power generation.
根据本发明优选的，所述的天然气收集部包括与井筒依次相连通的油气计量站、联合处理站和天然气净化站。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the natural gas collection unit includes an oil and gas metering station, a combined processing station, and a natural gas purification station in series with the wellbore.
根据本发明优选的，与所述联合处理站相连设置有储油罐。According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, an oil storage tank is provided in connection with the combined processing station.
根据本发明优选的，与所述天然气净化站相连设置有储气罐。According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a gas storage tank is provided in connection with the natural gas purification station.
根据本发明优选的，天然气发电部包括相连的天然气发电机组和工频电热控制柜；所述工频电热控制柜用于控制电加热清蜡防蜡装置。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the natural gas power generation unit includes a connected natural gas generator set and a power frequency electric heat control cabinet; and the power frequency electric heat control cabinet is used to control the electric heating wax clearing wax control device.
根据本发明优选的，电加热清蜡防蜡装置包括通过采油树密封延伸至井筒内的钢铠电缆，所述钢铠电缆与所述工频电热控制柜相连。In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electrically heated wax-removing wax-blocking device includes a steel-steel cable extending through a tree seal into a wellbore, the steel-steel cable being coupled to the power-frequency electrothermal control cabinet.
根据本发明优选的，所述钢铠电缆包括由外而内依次设置的钢铠护套、绝缘材料层、聚四氟乙烯层和电缆芯线。此处设计的优点在于，本发明引用聚四氟乙烯层的作用是用于给电缆芯线密封和耐温，密封是用于防止外界流体与电缆芯线接触引发短路，耐温是提高电缆芯线的耐温程度。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the reed cable includes a reed sheath, an insulating material layer, a polytetrafluoroethylene layer, and a cable core, which are disposed in order from the outside. The advantage of the design here is that the function of the polytetrafluoroethylene layer is used for sealing and temperature resistance of the cable core, the sealing is for preventing the external fluid from contacting the cable core to cause short circuit, and the temperature resistance is to improve the cable core. The temperature resistance of the line.
根据本发明优选的，所述钢铠护套为连续无缝钢管。此处设计的优点在于，当所述钢铠电缆被变频供电时，利用集肤效应在所述钢铠护套的外壁上产生热能，同时保证电缆密封和拉伸强度。According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the steel truss sheath is a continuous seamless steel tube. An advantage of the design here is that when the steel strand cable is supplied with variable frequency power, heat is generated on the outer wall of the steel sheath by the skin effect while ensuring cable sealing and tensile strength.
根据本发明优选的，所述电加热清蜡防蜡装置还包括在所述采油树顶部设置的井口高压密封系统；所述井口高压密封系统包括所述钢铠电缆依次穿过的压帽、密封盘根、弹簧、闸板和电缆夹持夹板。此处设计的优点在于，本发明根据钢铠电缆的结构和原理，采用压帽、密封盘根、弹簧、闸板和电缆夹持夹板构成高压密封系统，与所述钢铠电缆组合应用时，可实现钢铠电缆意外落井和带压起出钢铠电缆作业时的井口密封：其中钢铠电缆与压帽、密封 盘根、弹簧和闸板组成了井口高压密封，实现在钢铠电缆起下过程以及加热过程中高压密封作用；所述电缆夹持夹板用于控制钢铠电缆在井筒中的位置。当钢铠电缆下入井筒时，所述弹簧将闸板打开；当钢铠电缆起出时，所述弹簧复位使闸板关闭，防止油气液沿井口喷出。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electric heating wax cleaning device further includes a wellhead high pressure sealing system disposed at the top of the tree; the wellhead high pressure sealing system includes a pressure cap and a seal through which the steel cable passes in sequence Packings, springs, gates and cable clamps. The advantage of the design here is that the invention adopts a pressure cap, a sealing packing, a spring, a ram and a cable clamping splint to form a high-pressure sealing system according to the structure and principle of the steel truss cable, and when combined with the steel truss cable, It can realize the wellhead seal when the steel cable is accidentally dropped and the steel cable is pressed and pulled out: the steel cable and the pressure cap and the seal The packing, spring and ram form a high pressure seal at the wellhead to achieve high pressure sealing during the winding process of the steel truss cable and the heating process; the cable clamping clamp is used to control the position of the steel stern cable in the wellbore. When the steel truss cable is lowered into the wellbore, the spring opens the ram; when the steel truss cable is lifted, the spring is reset to close the ram to prevent the oil and gas from ejecting along the wellhead.
根据本发明优选的，在所述压帽的上部还设置有悬接器。According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a suspension is further provided on the upper portion of the pressure cap.
根据本发明优选的，所述电加热清蜡防蜡装置还包括在所述钢铠电缆伸入井下的尾端上设置有集中加热器，所述集中加热器包括与所述钢铠电缆相连的电阻丝，在所述电阻丝外部设置有绝缘导热层。According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electric heating wax cleaning device further includes a concentrated heater disposed on a tail end of the steel cable extending into the well, the concentrated heater including a cable connected to the steel cable A resistance wire having an insulating heat conducting layer disposed outside the resistance wire.
根据本发明优选的，所述钢铠电缆通过双卡套式接头分别与电阻丝和绝缘导热层相连。According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the steel stranded cable is connected to the electrical resistance wire and the insulating thermally conductive layer by a double ferrule joint, respectively.
根据本发明优选的，所述绝缘导热层为导热硅胶层。此处设计的优点在于，为了适应井下的复杂井身结构，本发明将导热硅胶层于钢铠电缆和电阻丝相结合，实现电缆在地层能够按需弯曲。According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the insulating and thermally conductive layer is a thermally conductive silicone layer. The advantage of the design here is that in order to adapt to the complicated well structure of the well, the invention combines the thermal silica gel layer with the steel strand cable and the electric resistance wire, so that the cable can be bent on the ground layer as needed.
根据本发明优选的，所述天然气发电部包括相连的天然气发电机组和多组工频电热控制柜；所述多组工频电热控制柜用于分别对应控制在多个井筒安装的电加热清蜡防蜡装置。此处设计的优点在于，本发明能够实现将天然气发电机组输出的电能依据不同油井结蜡情况分别调节工频电热控制柜的工频参数，进而实现一个天然气发电机组同时为多个井筒进行互不干扰式清防蜡作业。According to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the natural gas power generation unit includes a connected natural gas generator set and a plurality of sets of power frequency electric heat control cabinets; and the plurality of sets of power frequency electric heat control cabinets are respectively configured to respectively control electric heating wax cleaning installed in a plurality of wellbores. Anti-wax device. The advantage of the design here is that the invention can realize the electric power output of the natural gas generator set to adjust the power frequency parameter of the power frequency electric heating control cabinet according to the waxing condition of different oil wells, thereby realizing a natural gas generating unit and simultaneously not for the plurality of wellbore. Interference-type clear wax-proof operation.
一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置的工作方法，包括步骤如下：A working method of natural gas power generation electric heating wax-cleaning device based on skin effect, comprising the following steps:
1)所述天然气收集部收集、分离出井筒中的天然气，并传输天然气至天然气发电部发电；1) The natural gas collection unit collects and separates the natural gas in the wellbore, and transmits the natural gas to the natural gas power generation unit for power generation;
2)所述天然气发电部对所述电加热清蜡防蜡装置进行变频供电：2) The natural gas power generation unit performs frequency conversion power supply on the electric heating wax clearing device:
所述工频电热控制柜输出的变频电源，其火线与所述钢铠电缆的电缆芯线相连；The variable frequency power supply outputted by the power frequency electric heating control cabinet is connected to a cable core of the steel cable;
其零线与所述钢铠电缆的钢铠护套相连；The neutral wire is connected to the steel raft sheath of the steel truss cable;
使所述电缆芯线与钢铠护套形成回路，利用集肤效应在钢铠护套的外壁上产生热能，清除或防止原油在井筒中结蜡。The cable core wire and the steel stern sheath form a loop, and the skin effect is utilized to generate thermal energy on the outer wall of the steel sill sheath to remove or prevent the crude oil from waxing in the wellbore.
根据本发明优选的，所述电加热清蜡防蜡装置的工作方法，还包括对钢铠电缆下入井筒和钢铠电缆起出井筒步骤：According to the preferred method of the present invention, the method for operating the electric heating wax cleaning device further includes the steps of pulling the steel cable into the wellbore and the steel cable to take out the wellbore:
3)当钢铠电缆下入井筒时，所述弹簧将闸板打开，钢铠电缆进入所述井筒，钢铠电缆与压帽、密封盘根、弹簧和闸板组成了井口高压密封，实现在钢铠电缆下入过程以及加热过程中高压密封作用；3) When the steel truss cable is lowered into the wellbore, the spring opens the ram, the steel stern cable enters the wellbore, and the steel stern cable and the pressure cap, the sealing packing, the spring and the ram form a high pressure seal at the wellhead, The steel stern cable is inserted into the process and the high pressure seal is applied during the heating process;
4)当钢铠电缆起出井筒时，所述弹簧复位使闸板关闭，防止油气液沿井口喷出。4) When the steel truss cable is taken out of the wellbore, the spring is reset to close the ram to prevent the oil and gas from ejecting along the wellhead.
根据本发明优选的，所述电加热清蜡防蜡装置的工作方法，还包括钢铠电缆意外落井筒时的步骤：According to the preferred method of the present invention, the method of operating the electrically heated wax-cleaning device further includes the steps of accidentally dropping the steel cable to the wellbore:
5)当所述钢铠电缆意外落井时，所述弹簧复位使闸板关闭，防止油气液沿井口喷出。 5) When the steel strand cable accidentally falls, the spring is reset to close the shutter to prevent the oil and gas from being sprayed along the wellhead.
本发明的优势在于：The advantages of the invention are:
(1)本发明钢铠电缆的电加热所需电源来自于天然气发电部，该天然气发电部所需气源可直接从油井中的采出的伴生气获得，既可以利用伴生气，又避免了电加热法清蜡防蜡技术对电网的依赖。(1) The electric power required for electric heating of the steel sill cable of the present invention is derived from the natural gas power generation department, and the gas source required by the natural gas power generation unit can be directly obtained from the associated gas generated in the oil well, and the associated gas can be utilized and avoided. Electric heating method to clear wax and anti-wax technology dependence on the power grid.
(2)本发明利用钢铠电缆对井筒内的蜡质堆积物进行融化，利用电缆芯线与钢铠形成回路，基于集肤效应在钢铠电缆外壁上产生热能，可实现钢铠电缆的连续下入以及采油过程中的电加热清蜡和防蜡，保证了油井的正常生产和安装作业过程中的安全性。(2) The invention utilizes a steel-reinforced concrete cable to melt the waxy deposits in the wellbore, forms a loop by using the cable core wire and the steel sill, generates heat energy on the outer wall of the steel raft cable based on the skin effect, and can realize continuous stencil cable. The electric heating waxing and wax-proofing in the process of oil production and oil recovery ensure the safety of the normal production and installation of the oil well.
(3)本发明配备了井口高压密封系统，与所述钢铠电缆配合，解决了钢铠电缆的动密封与井内的高压喷涌问题。(3) The present invention is equipped with a wellhead high pressure sealing system, which cooperates with the steel truss cable to solve the problem of dynamic sealing of the steel truss cable and high pressure spurting in the well.
(4)本发明采用弹簧密封式开关，加载下入电缆时压缩弹簧将密封闸板打开；电缆起出时弹簧复位使闸板关闭，防止油气液喷出；实现电缆意外落井和带压起出电缆作业时的井口密封。(4) The invention adopts a spring-sealed switch, and the compression spring opens the sealing shutter when loading the cable; when the cable is taken out, the spring is reset to close the shutter to prevent the oil and gas from being ejected; the cable is accidentally dropped and the pressure is taken out. Wellhead seal during cable operation.
(5)本发明能够实现将天然气发电机组输出的电能依据不同油井结蜡情况分别调节工频电热控制柜的工频参数，进而实现一个天然气发电机组同时为多个井筒进行互不干扰式清防蜡作业。(5) The invention can realize the power frequency parameter of the power frequency electric heating control cabinet according to the electric energy output of the natural gas generator set according to different oil well waxing conditions, thereby realizing a natural gas generating unit and simultaneously not interfering with each other for multiple wellbore Wax operation.
附图说明DRAWINGS
图1为本发明所述基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清防蜡装置的结构示意图；1 is a schematic structural view of a natural gas power generation electric heating and wax removing device based on a skin effect according to the present invention;
图2为本发明中所述钢铠电缆的剖视示意图；Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the steel stranded cable of the present invention;
图3为本发明中所述集中加热器的结构示意图；3 is a schematic structural view of the concentrated heater according to the present invention;
图4为本发明实施例十的所述基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清防蜡装置的结构示意图；4 is a schematic structural view of the natural gas power generation electric heating and wax-proof device based on the skin effect according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention;
在图1-4中，1—输电线路；2—悬接器；3—压帽；4—密封盘根；5—弹簧；6—闸板；7—电缆夹持夹板；8—法兰；9—采油树；10—固井水泥壁；11—套管；12—井筒；13—钢铠电缆；14—油气混输管线；15—油气计量站；16—油气混输管线；17—联合处理站；18—输油管线；19—储油罐；20—天然气输送管线；21—天然气净化站；22—天然气输送管线；23—储气罐；24—天然气输送管线；25—天然气发电机组；26—输电线路；27—工频电热控制柜；28—钢铠护套；29—绝缘材料层；30—聚四氟乙烯层；31—电缆芯线；32—集中加热器；33—双卡套式接头；34—绝缘导热层；35—电阻丝。In Figure 1-4, 1 - transmission line; 2 - suspension; 3 - pressure cap; 4 - sealing packing; 5 - spring; 6 - gate; 7 - cable clamping splint; 9—trees; 10—cement cement wall; 11—casing; 12—wellbore; 13—steel stern cable; 14—oil and gas mixed pipeline; 15—oil and gas metering station; 16—oil and gas mixed pipeline; 17—joint Processing station; 18—oil pipeline; 19—storage tank; 20—natural gas transmission pipeline; 21—natural gas purification station; 22—natural gas transmission pipeline; 23—gas storage tank; 24-natural gas transmission pipeline; 26—transmission line; 27—work frequency electric heating control cabinet; 28—steel 铠 sheath; 29—insulation material layer; 30—polytetrafluoroethylene layer; 31—cable core wire; 32—concentrated heater; 33—dual card Socket joint; 34 - insulating heat conducting layer; 35 - resistance wire.
在图4中，27-1—第一工频电热控制柜；27-2—第二工频电热控制柜；27-3—第三工频电热控制柜；27-4—第四工频电热控制柜；In Figure 4, 27-1 - the first power frequency electric heating control cabinet; 27-2 - the second power frequency electric heating control cabinet; 27-3 - the third power frequency electric heating control cabinet; 27-4 - the fourth power frequency electric heating Control cabinet;
9—1—第一采油树；9—2—第二采油树；9—3—第三采油树；9—4—第四采油树。9-1—first tree; 9-2—second tree; 9—3—the third tree; 9—four—the fourth tree.
具体实施方式 detailed description
下面结合说明书和附图对本发明做详细的说明，但不限于此。The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the specification and drawings, but is not limited thereto.
实施例一、Embodiment 1
一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，包括天然气收集部、天然气发电部和由天然气发电部供电的电加热清蜡防蜡装置；A gas-heating electric heating wax-cleaning device based on skin effect, comprising a natural gas collecting unit, a natural gas power generating unit and an electric heating wax cleaning device for supplying electricity from a natural gas power generation unit;
所述天然气收集部用于收集和分离井筒12内排出的天然气；The natural gas collection portion is configured to collect and separate natural gas discharged from the wellbore 12;
所述天然气发电部利用天然气进行发电。The natural gas power generation unit uses natural gas for power generation.
所述的天然气收集部包括与井筒12依次相连通的油气计量站15、联合处理站17和天然气净化站21。The natural gas collection unit includes an oil and gas metering station 15, a joint processing station 17, and a natural gas purification station 21 that are in turn in communication with the wellbore 12.
天然气发电部包括相连的天然气发电机组25和工频电热控制柜27；所述工频电热控制柜27用于控制电加热清蜡防蜡装置。The natural gas power generation unit includes a connected natural gas generating unit 25 and a power frequency electric heating control cabinet 27; the power frequency electric heating control cabinet 27 is used to control the electric heating wax cleaning and wax removing device.
电加热清蜡防蜡装置包括通过采油树9密封延伸至井筒12内的钢铠电缆13，所述钢铠电缆13与所述工频电热控制柜27相连。The electrically heated wax clearing device comprises sealing a steel strand cable 13 extending into the wellbore 12 through a tree 9 which is connected to the power frequency electric heating control cabinet 27.
实施例二、Embodiment 2
如实施例一所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其区别在于，所述钢铠电缆13包括由外而内依次设置的钢铠护套28、绝缘材料层29、聚四氟乙烯层30和电缆芯线31。The invention relates to a natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to the skin effect, which is different in that the steel raft cable 13 comprises a steel raft sheath 28 and an insulating material arranged in order from the outside. Layer 29, Teflon layer 30 and cable core 31.
所述钢铠护套28为连续无缝钢管。The steel sill sheath 28 is a continuous seamless steel pipe.
实施例三、Embodiment 3
如实施例二所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其区别在于，所述电加热清蜡防蜡装置还包括在所述采油树9顶部设置的井口高压密封系统；所述井口高压密封系统包括所述钢铠电缆13依次穿过的压帽3、密封盘根4、弹簧5、闸板6和电缆夹持夹板7。A natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to the skin effect according to the second embodiment, wherein the electric heating wax clearing device further comprises a wellhead high pressure disposed at the top of the tree 9 a sealing system; the wellhead high pressure sealing system comprising a pressure cap 3, a sealing packing 4, a spring 5, a shutter 6 and a cable clamping jaw 7 through which the steel truss cable 13 passes in sequence.
在所述压帽3的上部还设置有悬接器2。A suspension 2 is further provided at an upper portion of the pressure cap 3.
实施例四、Embodiment 4
如实施例一、二、三所述基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置的工作方法，包括步骤如下：The working method of the natural gas power generation electric heating wax-cleaning device according to the skin effect according to the first embodiment, the second step, the third step is as follows:
1)所述天然气收集部收集、分离出井筒中的天然气，并传输天然气至天然气发电部发电；1) The natural gas collection unit collects and separates the natural gas in the wellbore, and transmits the natural gas to the natural gas power generation unit for power generation;
2)所述天然气发电部对所述电加热清蜡防蜡装置进行变频供电：2) The natural gas power generation unit performs frequency conversion power supply on the electric heating wax clearing device:
所述工频电热控制柜27输出的变频电源，其火线与所述钢铠电缆13的电缆芯线31相连；The variable frequency power supply output by the power frequency electric heating control cabinet 27 is connected to the cable core 31 of the steel reel cable 13;
其零线与所述钢铠电缆13的钢铠护套28相连；Its neutral line is connected to the reed sheath 28 of the reed cable 13;
使所述电缆芯线31与钢铠护套28形成回路，利用集肤效应在钢铠护套28的外壁上产生热能，清除或防止原油在井筒12中结蜡。 The cable core 31 is looped with the steel sheath 28 to generate thermal energy on the outer wall of the steel sheath 28 using the skin effect to remove or prevent waxing of the crude oil in the wellbore 12.
实施例五、Embodiment 5
如实施例三所述基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置的工作方法，与实施例四的区别在于，所述工作方法还包括对钢铠电缆下入井筒和钢铠电缆起出井筒步骤：The working method of the natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to the skin effect according to the third embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in that the working method further comprises driving the steel cable into the wellbore and the steel cable. Step out of the well:
3)当钢铠电缆13下入井筒12时，所述弹簧5将闸板6打开，钢铠电缆13进入所述井筒12，钢铠电缆13与压帽3、密封盘根4、弹簧5和闸板6组成了井口高压密封，实现在钢铠电缆13下入过程以及加热过程中高压密封作用；3) When the reed cable 13 is lowered into the wellbore 12, the spring 5 opens the ram 6, the reed cable 13 enters the well 12, the reed cable 13 and the compression cap 3, the sealing packing 4, the spring 5 and The ram 6 constitutes a high pressure seal at the wellhead, which realizes the high pressure sealing action during the process of the steel truss cable 13 being driven down and during the heating process;
4)当钢铠电缆13起出井筒12时，所述弹簧5复位使闸板6关闭，防止油气液沿井口喷出。4) When the reed cable 13 emerges from the wellbore 12, the spring 5 is reset to close the shutter 6 to prevent the oil and gas from being ejected along the wellhead.
实施例六、 Embodiment 6
如实施例三所述基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置的工作方法，与实施例四的区别在于，所述工作方法还包括钢铠电缆意外落井筒时的步骤：The working method of the natural gas power generation electric heating wax cleaning device according to the skin effect according to the third embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in that the working method further comprises the steps of accidentally dropping the steel cable to the wellbore:
5)当所述钢铠电缆13意外落井时，所述弹簧5复位使闸板6关闭，防止油气液沿井口喷出。5) When the reed cable 13 accidentally falls, the spring 5 is reset to close the shutter 6 to prevent the oil and gas from being ejected along the wellhead.
实施例七、Example VII.
如实施例一所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其区别在于，与所述联合处理站17相连设置有储油罐19；与所述天然气净化站21相连设置有储气罐23。A natural gas power generation electric heating wax cleaning device according to the skin effect according to the first embodiment, wherein a difference is that an oil storage tank 19 is disposed in connection with the joint processing station 17; and the natural gas purification station 21 A gas storage tank 23 is provided in connection.
实施例八、Example VIII.
当油井井筒12内结蜡严重，仅靠钢铠电缆13加热无法完全清蜡时，本实施例提供一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其与实施例一、二、三的区别在于：When the wax in the oil well shaft 12 is severely waxed, and only the steel cable 13 is heated and cannot completely clear the wax, the embodiment provides a natural gas power generation electric heating wax cleaning device based on the skin effect, which is the same as the first embodiment and the second embodiment. The difference between the three is:
所述电加热清蜡防蜡装置还包括在所述钢铠电缆13伸入井下的尾端上设置有集中加热器32，所述集中加热器32包括与所述钢铠电缆13相连的电阻丝35，在所述电阻丝35外部设置有绝缘导热层34。所述绝缘导热层34为导热硅胶层。The electric heating wax cleaning device further includes a concentrated heater 32 disposed on a tail end of the steel cable 13 extending into the well, the concentrated heater 32 including a resistance wire connected to the steel cable 13 35. An insulating and thermally conductive layer 34 is disposed outside the resistance wire 35. The insulating and thermally conductive layer 34 is a thermally conductive silicone layer.
利用集中加热器32中的电阻丝35及绝缘导热层34对结蜡严重位置进行集中加热，实现蜡堵位置的融蜡。The serious position of the wax is concentrated and heated by the electric resistance wire 35 and the insulating heat conductive layer 34 in the concentrated heater 32 to realize wax melting at the wax blocking position.
实施例九、Example IX.
如实施例八所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其区别在于，所述钢铠电缆13通过双卡套式接头33分别与电阻丝35和绝缘导热层34相连。A skin-effect-based natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to the eighth embodiment, wherein the steel stranded cable 13 passes through the double ferrule joint 33 and the electric resistance wire 35 and the insulating heat conductive layer, respectively. 34 connected.
实施例十、 Embodiment 10
如附图4所示。As shown in Figure 4.
对于比较集中的多个结蜡油井井筒，需要对多个油井同时或轮替进行清蜡作业，可以根据油井的数量确定天然气发电机组25的发电容量。For a plurality of waxy oil wells in a relatively concentrated manner, it is necessary to perform wax cleaning operations for a plurality of oil wells simultaneously or in rotation, and the power generation capacity of the natural gas generator set 25 can be determined according to the number of oil wells.
所述天然气发电部包括相连的天然气发电机组25和四组工频电热控制柜：第一工频电热控制柜27-1、第二工频电热控制柜27-2、第三工频电热控制柜27-3、第四工频电热控制柜27-4； The natural gas power generation unit comprises a connected natural gas generator set 25 and four sets of power frequency electric heat control cabinets: a first power frequency electric heating control cabinet 27-1, a second power frequency electric heat control cabinet 27-2, and a third power frequency electric heat control cabinet. 27-3, fourth power frequency electric heating control cabinet 27-4;
所述四组工频电热控制柜用于分别对应控制在四个井筒安装的电加热清蜡防蜡装置。 The four sets of power frequency electric heating control cabinets are respectively used for correspondingly controlling the electric heating wax cleaning and wax removing device installed in the four wellbores.

Claims (17)

  1. 一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其特征在于，该装置包括天然气收集部、天然气发电部和由天然气发电部供电的电加热清蜡防蜡装置；A natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device based on skin effect, characterized in that the device comprises a natural gas collecting unit, a natural gas power generating unit and an electric heating wax removing and wax preventing device powered by the natural gas power generating unit;
    所述天然气收集部用于收集和分离井筒内排出的天然气；The natural gas collection unit is configured to collect and separate natural gas discharged from the wellbore;
    所述天然气发电部利用天然气进行发电。The natural gas power generation unit uses natural gas for power generation.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其特征在于，所述的天然气收集部包括与井筒依次相连通的油气计量站、联合处理站和天然气净化站。The skin-effect-based natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to claim 1, wherein the natural gas collecting portion comprises an oil and gas metering station, a combined processing station and natural gas connected in series with the wellbore Purification station.
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其特征在于，与所述联合处理站相连设置有储油罐。The natural gas power generation electric heating wax-removing device according to claim 2, wherein an oil storage tank is disposed in connection with the joint processing station.
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其特征在于，与所述天然气净化站相连设置有储气罐。The natural gas power generation electric heating wax-removing wax preventing device based on the skin effect according to claim 2, wherein a gas storage tank is disposed in connection with the natural gas purification station.
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其特征在于，天然气发电部包括相连的天然气发电机组和工频电热控制柜；所述工频电热控制柜用于控制电加热清蜡防蜡装置。The natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to claim 1, wherein the natural gas power generation unit comprises a connected natural gas generating unit and a power frequency electric heating control cabinet; and the power frequency electric heating control The cabinet is used to control the electric heating wax cleaning device.
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其特征在于，所述电加热清蜡防蜡装置包括通过采油树密封延伸至井筒内的钢铠电缆，所述钢铠电缆与所述工频电热控制柜相连。The invention relates to a natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to claim 5, wherein the electric heating wax clearing device comprises a steel strand cable extending through the tree to the wellbore The steel cable is connected to the power frequency electric heating control cabinet.
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其特征在于，所述钢铠电缆包括由外而内依次设置的钢铠护套、绝缘材料层、聚四氟乙烯层和电缆芯线。The invention relates to a natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to claim 6, wherein the steel strand cable comprises a steel raft sheath and an insulating material layer which are arranged in order from the outside and the inside. Teflon layer and cable core.
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其特征在于，所述钢铠护套为连续无缝钢管。The natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to claim 7, wherein the steel raft sheath is a continuous seamless steel pipe.
  9. 根据权利要求6所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其特征在于，所述电加热清蜡防蜡装置还包括在所述采油树顶部设置的井口高压密封系统；所述井口高压密封系统包括所述钢铠电缆依次穿过的压帽、密封盘根、弹簧、闸板和电缆夹持夹板。The skin-effect-based natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to claim 6, wherein the electric heating wax clearing device further comprises a wellhead high pressure seal disposed at the top of the tree The wellhead high pressure sealing system includes a pressure cap, a sealing packing, a spring, a shutter, and a cable clamping splint through which the steel cable passes in sequence.
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其特征在于，在所述压帽的上部还设置有悬接器。The natural gas power generation electric heating wax-removing device according to claim 9, wherein a suspension is further disposed on an upper portion of the pressure cap.
  11. 根据权利要求6所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其特征在于，所述电加热清蜡防蜡装置还包括在所述钢铠电缆伸入井下的尾端上设置有集中加热器，所述集中加热器包括与所述钢铠电缆相连的电阻丝，在所述电阻丝外部设置有绝缘导热层。 The invention relates to a natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to claim 6, wherein the electric heating wax cleaning device further comprises a tail extending into the well of the steel cable A concentrated heater is disposed on the end, and the concentrated heater includes a resistance wire connected to the reed cable, and an insulating and thermally conductive layer is disposed outside the resistance wire.
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其特征在于，所述钢铠电缆通过双卡套式接头分别与电阻丝和绝缘导热层相连。The invention relates to a natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to claim 11, wherein the steel strand cable is connected to the electric resistance wire and the insulating heat conducting layer through a double ferrule joint.
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其特征在于，所述绝缘导热层为导热硅胶层。The invention relates to a natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to claim 11, wherein the insulating and heat conducting layer is a thermal conductive silica layer.
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的一种基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置，其特征在于，所述天然气发电部包括相连的天然气发电机组和多组工频电热控制柜；所述多组工频电热控制柜用于分别对应控制在多个井筒安装的电加热清蜡防蜡装置。The natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to claim 1, wherein the natural gas power generation unit comprises a connected natural gas generator set and a plurality of sets of power frequency electric heat control cabinets; A plurality of sets of power frequency electric heating control cabinets are respectively used for correspondingly controlling electric heating wax cleaning and wax removing devices installed in a plurality of wellbores.
  15. 一种如权利要求7所述基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置的工作方法，其特征在于，该工作方法包括步骤如下：A working method for a natural gas power generation electric heating wax-removing wax preventing device based on a skin effect according to claim 7, wherein the working method comprises the following steps:
    1)所述天然气收集部收集、分离出井筒中的天然气，并传输天然气至天然气发电部发电；1) The natural gas collection unit collects and separates the natural gas in the wellbore, and transmits the natural gas to the natural gas power generation unit for power generation;
    2)所述天然气发电部对所述电加热清蜡防蜡装置进行变频供电：2) The natural gas power generation unit performs frequency conversion power supply on the electric heating wax clearing device:
    所述工频电热控制柜输出的变频电源，其火线与所述钢铠电缆的电缆芯线相连；The variable frequency power supply outputted by the power frequency electric heating control cabinet is connected to a cable core of the steel cable;
    其零线与所述钢铠电缆的钢铠护套相连；The neutral wire is connected to the steel raft sheath of the steel truss cable;
    使所述电缆芯线与钢铠护套形成回路，利用集肤效应在钢铠护套的外壁上产生热能，清除或防止原油在井筒中结蜡。The cable core wire and the steel stern sheath form a loop, and the skin effect is utilized to generate thermal energy on the outer wall of the steel sill sheath to remove or prevent the crude oil from waxing in the wellbore.
  16. 如权利要求15所述的基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置的工作方法，其特征在于，该工作方法还包括对钢铠电缆下入井筒和钢铠电缆起出井筒步骤：The working method of the natural gas power generation electric heating wax-removing wax preventing device based on skin effect according to claim 15, wherein the working method further comprises the steps of: pulling the steel sill cable into the wellbore and the steel stern cable to take out the wellbore:
    3)当钢铠电缆下入井筒时，所述弹簧将闸板打开，钢铠电缆进入所述井筒，钢铠电缆与压帽、密封盘根、弹簧和闸板组成了井口高压密封，实现在钢铠电缆下入过程以及加热过程中高压密封作用；3) When the steel truss cable is lowered into the wellbore, the spring opens the ram, the steel stern cable enters the wellbore, and the steel stern cable and the pressure cap, the sealing packing, the spring and the ram form a high pressure seal at the wellhead, The steel stern cable is inserted into the process and the high pressure seal is applied during the heating process;
    4)当钢铠电缆起出井筒时，所述弹簧复位使闸板关闭，防止油气液沿井口喷出。4) When the steel truss cable is taken out of the wellbore, the spring is reset to close the ram to prevent the oil and gas from ejecting along the wellhead.
  17. 如权利要求15所述的基于集肤效应的天然气发电电加热清蜡防蜡装置的工作方法，其特征在于，该工作方法还包括钢铠电缆意外落井筒时的步骤：The working method of the skin-effect-based natural gas power generation electric heating wax clearing device according to claim 15, wherein the working method further comprises the steps of accidentally dropping the steel cable to the wellbore:
    5)当所述钢铠电缆意外落井时，所述弹簧复位使闸板关闭，防止油气液沿井口喷出。 5) When the steel strand cable accidentally falls, the spring is reset to close the shutter to prevent the oil and gas from being sprayed along the wellhead.
PCT/CN2015/086777 2015-08-05 2015-08-12 Electric-heating wax removal and prevention device with natural gas power generation based on skin effect and application thereof WO2017020336A1 (en)

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