CN110700793A - Electric heating wax-melting prevention system for high-wax-content oil well and gas well and control method - Google Patents

Electric heating wax-melting prevention system for high-wax-content oil well and gas well and control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110700793A
CN110700793A CN201910647884.2A CN201910647884A CN110700793A CN 110700793 A CN110700793 A CN 110700793A CN 201910647884 A CN201910647884 A CN 201910647884A CN 110700793 A CN110700793 A CN 110700793A
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China
Prior art keywords
wax
oil
power
control method
voltage
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CN201910647884.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张建华
费波
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TEC ELECTRIC CO Ltd
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TEC ELECTRIC CO Ltd
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Priority to CN201910647884.2A priority Critical patent/CN110700793A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B37/00Methods or apparatus for cleaning boreholes or wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B19/00Handling rods, casings, tubes or the like outside the borehole, e.g. in the derrick; Apparatus for feeding the rods or cables
    • E21B19/02Rod or cable suspensions
    • E21B19/06Elevators, i.e. rod- or tube-gripping devices
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B33/00Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
    • E21B33/02Surface sealing or packing
    • E21B33/03Well heads; Setting-up thereof
    • E21B33/06Blow-out preventers, i.e. apparatus closing around a drill pipe, e.g. annular blow-out preventers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/0019Circuit arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02Details

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)

Abstract

An electric heating wax-melting prevention system for high wax content oil wells and gas wells and a control method thereof comprise a 10kv power grid circuit, a voltage transformation assembly, an oil extraction tree, a sleeve and an oil extraction pipe, wherein (1) a heating element which integrates a three-core copper wire, a magnesium oxide layer wrapping the three-core copper wire and a stainless steel sheath layer, and the tail ends of the three copper wire cores are connected by star-connection welding points, has high temperature resistance (higher than 500 ℃); (2) the heating element can be suspended in a single point in the oil production pipe by adopting sealing and suspension assemblies such as a cable crane clip, a sealing box, a double-gate blowout preventer and the like, and a silicon controlled stepless power regulation control method is adopted. Compared with the conventional paraffin removal process, the method has the characteristics of high heating efficiency, large heating depth, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, accurate and flexible control, no production stop during working, energy conservation, consumption reduction and the like, and the application of the system and the control method is expected to reduce the paraffin removal cost of the high-wax-content oil-gas well by more than 30 percent, prevent wax from being stopped while producing, and obviously increase the yield of a single well.

Description

Electric heating wax-melting prevention system for high-wax-content oil well and gas well and control method
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to the field of an electric heating wax-proofing system and a control method, in particular to an electric heating wax-proofing system and a control method for a high-wax-content oil well and a gas well.
Background art:
high wax content oil and gas wells often have high wax content, high pressure, high mining difficulty and high maintenance cost. Resulting in limited production from a single well and an unattractive benefit. In the process that oil gas in an oil pipe is lifted from a well bottom to a well head, as the heat dissipation capacity of a shaft of the well head section to a surrounding rock stratum is large, the temperature of the oil liquid is obviously reduced, wax dissolved in crude oil is separated out, formed paraffin is attached to the inner wall of the oil pipe, the drift diameter is reduced, and even the oil pipe is blocked, so that major liability accidents are caused. Therefore, the normal production must be ensured by adopting a paraffin removal means.
The traditional mechanical wax scraping cutter is easy to fall off, the fishing cost is high, and the production is stopped during operation. The hot washing operation has the defects of production stop during operation, oil layer pollution, long drainage period, no liquid return, short operation frequency period, high cost and the like. The single well washing cost is 3000 yuan-5000 yuan, some wells are hot washed once every three days, and the input-output ratio is very low.
The existing electric heating wax removal has low heat-resistant temperature and poor mechanical strength, can not meet the requirement of single-point suspension, and the method for controlling the system is simple on-off type, low in efficiency and high in energy consumption.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to solve the existing problems and provides an electrothermal wax-melting prevention system and a control method for high-wax-content oil wells and gas wells, which have the advantages of high efficiency, deep well entry, convenient operation and maintenance, energy conservation, consumption reduction, and accurate and flexible control.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a mineral insulation electric heating wax-proofing system for a high wax content oil well and a gas well comprises a 10kv power grid circuit, a voltage transformation assembly, a Christmas tree, a sleeve and an oil production pipe, wherein the 10kv power grid circuit is electrically connected with the voltage transformation assembly, the sleeve is vertically fixed at the lower end of the Christmas tree, the oil production pipe is arranged in the sleeve, the mineral insulation electric heating wax-proofing system also comprises a cylindrical heating element which is inserted from the upper end of the Christmas tree, extends towards the lower end of the oil production pipe and is positioned in the oil production pipe, the heating element is provided with a cold end section and a heating section, the cold end section extends outwards from the upper end of the Christmas tree and is connected with an explosion-proof junction box, the explosion-proof junction box is connected with a silicon controlled power regulating control cabinet through a lead, the heating section extends from the middle part of the Christmas tree to the oil production pipe, the heating section sequentially comprises three copper wire cores, a magnesium oxide layer wrapping the three copper wire, the transformer comprises three copper wire cores, a well site low-voltage power supply box, a boosting transformer, a 10kv power grid line, a well site high-voltage power supply box, a well site low-voltage power supply box and a silicon controlled power regulation control cabinet, wherein the three copper wire cores are respectively electrically connected with a live wire of a cold end section, the tail ends of the three copper wire cores are connected with a star-joint welding spot, the transformer assembly comprises the well site high-voltage transformer, the well site low-voltage power supply box and the boosting transformer, the 10kv power grid line is connected with the input end of the well site high-voltage transformer, the output end of the well site high-voltage transformer is connected with the well site low-voltage power supply box, the boosting transformer and the silicon controlled power.
Preferably, a wellhead temperature sensor is installed at an oil outlet of the Christmas tree, and the wellhead temperature sensor is electrically connected with the controllable silicon power regulation control cabinet through a temperature signal control cable.
Preferably, the top of the Christmas tree is sequentially provided with a cable crane clip, a seal box and a double-gate blowout preventer from top to bottom.
Preferably, the explosion-proof junction box further comprises a cable support vertically fixed on the ground, the explosion-proof junction box is fixed on the cable support, and the cold end section of the heating element extends into the top of the Christmas tree along the cable support.
Preferably, the heating section of the heating element extends below the well for a length of more than 2000 m.
Preferably, the stainless steel sheath has a thickness greater than 2 mm.
The control method of the electric heating wax-proofing system for the oil well and the gas well with high wax content comprises the following steps:
(1) monitoring the oil temperature of a wellhead in real time;
(2) calculating by a microprocessor;
(3) triggering and adjusting power by the silicon controlled driver;
wherein, the wellhead temperature sensor transmits digital signals to the microprocessor in real time; the microprocessor calculates the percentage of the required compensation power according to the difference between the monitored temperature and the required wax melting temperature; the compensation power percentage is converted into a digital signal, the digital signal is input into a silicon controlled driver to trigger a power adjusting module in a silicon controlled power adjusting control cabinet, and the power adjusting module can carry out 0-100% stepless power adjustment.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the three-core copper wire, the magnesium oxide layer wrapping the three-core copper wire and the stainless steel sheath layer are integrated, and the tail ends of the three copper wire cores are connected by star-connected welding points, so that the heating element has the advantages of high temperature resistance (higher than 500 ℃), high mechanical strength and corrosion resistance of the stainless steel sheath, simplicity and convenience in operation, thorough paraffin removal, low cost, no pollution to oil liquid and the like, and can be used underground for a long time and used repeatedly.
(2) The heating element can be suspended in a single point in the oil production pipe by adopting sealing and suspension assemblies such as a cable crane clip, a sealing box, a double-gate blowout preventer and the like, and a silicon controlled stepless power regulation control method is adopted. Compared with the conventional paraffin removal process, the method has the characteristics of high heating efficiency, large heating depth, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, accurate and flexible control, no production stop during working, energy conservation, consumption reduction and the like, and the application of the system and the control method is expected to reduce the paraffin removal cost of the high-wax-content oil-gas well by more than 30 percent, prevent wax from being stopped while producing, and obviously increase the yield of a single well.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the heating section of the heating element of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of a control method;
in the drawings: 1. 10kv grid lines; 2. a Christmas tree; 3. a sleeve; 4. a production string; 5. a heating element; 501. a cold end section; 502. a heating section; 5021. a copper wire core; 5022. a magnesium oxide layer; 5023. a stainless steel jacket layer; 5024. a semicircular shell; 6. a well site high voltage transformer; 7. a well site low-voltage power box; 8. a step-up transformer; 9. an explosion-proof junction box; 10. a silicon controlled power regulation control cabinet; 11. a wellhead temperature sensor; 12. a cable hanger clamp; 13. a sealing box; 14. a double gate blowout preventer; 15. cable support
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1-3, the mineral insulation electric heating wax-proofing system for high wax content oil well and gas well comprises a 10kv power grid line 1, a voltage transformation component, a christmas tree 2, a casing 3 and an oil production pipe 4, wherein the 10kv power grid line 1 is electrically connected with the voltage transformation component, the casing 3 is vertically fixed at the lower end of the christmas tree 2, the oil production pipe 4 is installed inside the casing 3, the system further comprises a cylindrical heating element 5 which is inserted from the upper end of the christmas tree 2 and extends towards the lower end of the oil production pipe 4 and is positioned inside the oil production pipe 4, the heating element 5 comprises a cold end section 501 and a heating end section 502, the cold end section 501 extends outwards from the upper end of the christmas tree 2 and is connected with an explosion-proof junction box 9, the explosion-proof junction box 9 is connected with a thyristor power regulation control cabinet 10 through a conducting wire, the heating end section 502 extends from the middle of the christmas tree 2 into the oil production pipe 4, The transformer comprises a magnesium oxide layer 5022 and a stainless steel sheath layer 5023 wrapping three copper wire cores 5021, wherein the magnesium oxide has good thermal conductivity, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the stainless steel sheath is reduced, a semicircular shell 5024 is welded at the tail end of a heating section 502, the tail end of a heating element achieves a pressure-bearing sealing effect, the three copper wire cores 5021 are electrically connected with a live wire of a cold end section 501 respectively, the tail ends of the three copper wire cores 5021 are connected through star-shaped welding points, the transformer assembly comprises a well site high-voltage transformer 6, a well site low-voltage power supply box 7 and a booster transformer 8, the 10kv power grid line 1 is connected with the input end of the well site high-voltage transformer 6, the output end of the well site high-voltage transformer 6 is connected with the well site low-voltage power supply box 7, the booster transformer 8 and a silicon controlled power regulation control cabinet 10 in series through cables, the capacity of the well site high-voltage transformer 6 is greater than, the booster transformer 8 has a capacity of 150KVA and a voltage of 380V/1140V.
Specifically, a wellhead temperature sensor 11 is installed at an oil outlet of the Christmas tree 2, and the wellhead temperature sensor 11 is electrically connected with the silicon controlled power regulation control cabinet 10 through a temperature signal control cable.
Specifically, a cable hanger 12, a seal box 13 and a double-gate blowout preventer 14 are sequentially arranged on the top of the Christmas tree 2 from top to bottom for fixing and sealing the heating element 5.
Specifically, the heating device further comprises a cable support 15 vertically fixed on the ground, the explosion-proof junction box 9 is fixed on the cable support 15, and the cold end section 501 of the heating element 5 extends into the top of the Christmas tree 2 along the cable support 15.
Specifically, the length of the heating section 502 of the heating element 5 extending to the lower part of the oil well is more than 2000m, so that the problem that the heating element 5 cannot produce in a long distance is solved, and the requirements of various oil wells are met.
Specifically, the thickness of the stainless steel sheath is more than 2mm, and the high-wax-content oil-gas well has higher pressure, so that the mechanical strength of the heating element is required to meet the requirement of the high-pressure medium for flexibility, and the requirements of the clamping of a well entering machine and the friction with the wall of an oil pipe during construction operation can be met.
A method of controlling a mineral insulated electrothermal wax control system for high wax oil and gas wells, comprising the steps of:
(1) monitoring the oil temperature of a wellhead in real time;
(2) calculating by a microprocessor;
(3) triggering and adjusting power by the silicon controlled driver;
wherein, the wellhead temperature sensor transmits digital signals to the microprocessor in real time; the microprocessor calculates the percentage of the required compensation power according to the difference between the monitored temperature and the required wax melting temperature; the compensation power percentage is converted into a digital signal, the digital signal is input into a silicon controlled driver to trigger a power adjusting module in a silicon controlled power adjusting control cabinet, the power adjusting module can carry out stepless power adjustment of 0-100%, the power of the heating element is accurately controlled, stepless adjustment is realized, the power of the heating element is intelligently controlled, the traditional full-power full-time operation mode of the heating element is replaced, and the effects of energy conservation and emission reduction are achieved.
This application produces high temperature through the copper core that three ends link to each other and the live wire is connected respectively to the head end, in stainless steel sheath transmission to oil, makes the oil temperature rise in oil production pipe 4, prevents that the wax in the oil from appearing because of the temperature is low, leads to blockking up 4 passageways of oil production pipe and stopping production, and the rising of oil temperature can not only prevent appearing of wax, but also can improve the mobility of oil, reduces the load of beam-pumping unit, plays energy-conserving effect.
The foregoing is only for the purpose of understanding the method and the core concept of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations also fall into the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (7)

1. The electric heating wax-proofing system for the oil well and the gas well with high wax content comprises a 10kv power grid circuit, a voltage transformation component, a Christmas tree, a sleeve and an oil production pipe, wherein the 10kv power grid circuit is electrically connected with the voltage transformation component, the sleeve is vertically fixed at the lower end of the Christmas tree, and the oil production pipe is arranged inside the sleeve, and is characterized in that: the heating section sequentially comprises three copper wire cores, a magnesium oxide layer wrapping the three copper wire cores and a stainless steel sheath layer from inside to outside, a semicircular shell is welded at the tail end of the heating section, the three copper wire cores are respectively and electrically connected with a live wire of the cold end section, the tail ends of the three copper wire cores are connected with a star-joint welding spot, the transformation component comprises a well site high-voltage transformer, a well site low-voltage power supply box and a step-up transformer, and the 10kv power grid line is connected with the input end of the high-voltage transformer, the output end of the well site high-voltage electric transformer is connected with the well site low-voltage power supply box, the booster transformer and the silicon controlled power regulation control cabinet in series through cables, the capacity of the well site high-voltage electric transformer is larger than 150KVA, the voltage of the well site low-voltage power supply box is 220V/380V, the switching capacity is larger than 250A, and the capacity of the booster transformer is 150KVA and 380V/1140V.
2. The electrothermal wax control system and control method for high wax oil and gas wells of claim 1, wherein: a wellhead temperature sensor is installed at an oil outlet of the Christmas tree and is electrically connected with the controlled silicon power regulation control cabinet through a temperature signal control cable.
3. The electrothermal wax control system and control method for high wax oil and gas wells of claim 1, wherein: the top of production tree from top to bottom has set gradually cable crane checkpost, seal box and double-brake preventer.
4. The electrothermal wax control system and control method for high wax oil and gas wells of claim 1, wherein: the explosion-proof junction box is fixed on the cable support, and the cold end section of the heating element extends into the top of the Christmas tree along the cable support.
5. The electrothermal wax control system and control method for high wax oil and gas wells of claim 1, wherein: the heating section of the heating element extends to the lower part of the oil well for a length of more than 2000 m.
6. The electrothermal wax control system and control method for high wax oil and gas wells of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the stainless steel sheath is larger than 2 mm.
7. A method of controlling an electrically heated wax control system for high wax oil and gas wells according to claims 1-6, comprising the steps of:
(1) monitoring the oil temperature of a wellhead in real time;
(2) calculating by a microprocessor;
(3) triggering and adjusting power by the silicon controlled driver;
wherein, the wellhead temperature sensor transmits digital signals to the microprocessor in real time; the microprocessor calculates the percentage of the required compensation power according to the difference between the monitored temperature and the required wax melting temperature; the compensation power percentage is converted into a digital signal, the digital signal is input into a silicon controlled driver to trigger a power adjusting module in a silicon controlled power adjusting control cabinet, and the power adjusting module can carry out 0-100% stepless power adjustment.
CN201910647884.2A 2019-07-18 2019-07-18 Electric heating wax-melting prevention system for high-wax-content oil well and gas well and control method Pending CN110700793A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115474300A (en) * 2022-11-02 2022-12-13 久盛电气股份有限公司 Oil inlet pipe type heating cable structure, device and heating method
US11955782B1 (en) 2022-11-01 2024-04-09 Typhon Technology Solutions (U.S.), Llc System and method for fracturing of underground formations using electric grid power

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105178913A (en) * 2015-08-05 2015-12-23 李宾飞 Natural gas power generation electric heating wax removing and preventing device based on skin effect and application thereof
CN204941499U (en) * 2015-07-21 2016-01-06 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of reducing thick oil viscosity device
CN206220928U (en) * 2016-11-01 2017-06-06 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Gas well paraffin control device and gas well pipe column
CN210685937U (en) * 2019-07-18 2020-06-05 久盛电气股份有限公司 Mineral insulation electric heating wax-melting prevention system for high-wax-content oil well and gas well

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN204941499U (en) * 2015-07-21 2016-01-06 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of reducing thick oil viscosity device
CN105178913A (en) * 2015-08-05 2015-12-23 李宾飞 Natural gas power generation electric heating wax removing and preventing device based on skin effect and application thereof
US20170234111A1 (en) * 2015-08-05 2017-08-17 China University Of Petroleum Device for Removing and Preventing Paraffin by Using Electric Heating Generated from Skin Effect-based Natural Gas Electricity and Application thereof
CN206220928U (en) * 2016-11-01 2017-06-06 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Gas well paraffin control device and gas well pipe column
CN210685937U (en) * 2019-07-18 2020-06-05 久盛电气股份有限公司 Mineral insulation electric heating wax-melting prevention system for high-wax-content oil well and gas well

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11955782B1 (en) 2022-11-01 2024-04-09 Typhon Technology Solutions (U.S.), Llc System and method for fracturing of underground formations using electric grid power
CN115474300A (en) * 2022-11-02 2022-12-13 久盛电气股份有限公司 Oil inlet pipe type heating cable structure, device and heating method
CN115474300B (en) * 2022-11-02 2023-01-31 久盛电气股份有限公司 Oil inlet pipe type heating cable structure, device and heating method

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