WO2017010787A1 - Procédé de commande de machine à souder par points et support d'enregistrement dans lequel son programme est enregistré - Google Patents

Procédé de commande de machine à souder par points et support d'enregistrement dans lequel son programme est enregistré Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2017010787A1
WO2017010787A1 PCT/KR2016/007551 KR2016007551W WO2017010787A1 WO 2017010787 A1 WO2017010787 A1 WO 2017010787A1 KR 2016007551 W KR2016007551 W KR 2016007551W WO 2017010787 A1 WO2017010787 A1 WO 2017010787A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
peak
current
welding material
resistance
time
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PCT/KR2016/007551
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
강문진
김동철
김철희
유회수
김영민
황인성
윤현준
Original Assignee
한국생산기술연구원
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Publication of WO2017010787A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017010787A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
    • B23K11/11—Spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/24—Electric supply or control circuits therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/24—Electric supply or control circuits therefor
    • B23K11/25—Monitoring devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/36—Auxiliary equipment

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a spot welding technique, and more particularly, to a control method of a spot welder and a recording medium storing the program.
  • spot welding is a welding method belonging to electric resistance welding, and refers to a method of welding while applying pressure using heat generated when current flows through a metal.
  • Spot welding generates resistance heat when the two metals to be joined are brought together and applied with an appropriate mechanical pressure to generate a resistance heat.
  • This spot welding is a welding method that is very much used for the assembly of automobile bodies.
  • An apparatus for resistance spot welding includes, for example, a fixed lower electrode and an upper electrode moved up and down on the lower electrode. Therefore, the welding material is seated on the lower electrode, and welding is performed by the movement of the upper electrode.
  • this conventional spot welding has a problem that the welding result is uneven due to various factors such as the surface state of the joint, the welding spot position, the number of spots, and the like, and the welding defect and damage to the welding material are caused by unnecessary heat.
  • the present invention is to solve a number of problems including the above problems, and to minimize unnecessary heat, and to control the welder and the damage of the welding material due to unnecessary heat control method and program thereof It is an object to provide a stored recording medium.
  • problems are exemplary, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby.
  • a method of controlling a spot welder including: gradually applying current to a welding material through at least one electrode; Detecting a peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) of the welding material during application while gradually increasing the current; After detecting the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ), decreasing and restoring a current applied to the welding material for a predetermined time; And applying a gradually decreasing current to the welding material after the restoring step.
  • the step of applying a current of a predetermined size to the welding material for a predetermined time may be further included.
  • Reducing and restoring the current applied to the welding material for a predetermined time may include turning off the current applied to the welding material for the predetermined time.
  • Reducing and restoring the current applied to the welding material for a predetermined time may allow the current applied to the welding material to correspond to 100% of a preset reference current when the recovery is completed.
  • the time from when the current is applied to start the welding until the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) appears may be greater than 30 ms.
  • the step of reducing and restoring the current applied to the welding material for a predetermined time may cause the current applied to the welding material to have a value smaller than a preset reference current when the recovery is completed.
  • the time from when the current is applied to start welding until the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) appears may be 30 ms or less.
  • the set time is 1 ms to 10 ms when the detection time of the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) is 30 m or less, and the peak dynamic resistance ( When the detection time of R peak ) is greater than 30 ms, it may be 10 ms to 20 ms.
  • the detecting of the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) may include: measuring the resistance of the welding material n times at intervals t 1 ; And detecting the maximum resistance among the measurement resistances of the welding material as the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ).
  • the detecting of the peak dynamic resistance may include: measuring the resistance of the welding material n times at intervals t 1 ; It may include a; and the detection of the peak the same resistance (R peak), comprising: a resistance material the weld measurement repeated n times a period of t 1 on the basis of the n x-th from the n x-th of the n times, .
  • the detecting of the peak dynamic resistance may be performed within a measurement resistance of the welding material within a maximum allowable resistance or within a maximum allowable current applied to the welding material.
  • a recording medium storing a program for performing the above-described method for controlling a spot welder.
  • the welding area can have a wide area, advantageous to the conditions having a nugget of a desired size, and has the effect of preventing flying during welding.
  • the scope of the present invention is not limited by these effects.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a control method of a spot welder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a welding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3 to 5 are graphs showing a hysteresis curve of an applied current with time as a control method of a spot welder according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 6 and 7 are flowcharts illustrating peak dynamic resistance measurement steps in a method of controlling a spot welder according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph showing the time-based current, voltage and dynamic resistance waveforms according to an example of a method of controlling a spot welder according to the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a photograph of the fracture site observation of the welded portion of the specimen welded by the control method of the spot welder according to the embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow chart illustrating a control method of a spot welder according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram showing a welding machine according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 3 to 5 are graphs showing the history of applied current over time to explain a method for controlling a spot welder according to embodiments of the present invention.
  • the control method of the spot welding machine is a step of applying while increasing the current to the welding material (S13), detecting the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) of the welding material (S14), after detecting the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ), reducing and restoring the current applied to the welding material for a predetermined time (S15) and applying the reducing current to the welding material (S16) It may include.
  • the step S11 of preparing the welding material and the step S12 of constantly applying the current may be performed.
  • step S11 of preparing a welding material at least one welding material 10 for spot welding is prepared, and the welding material 10 is positioned on the at least one electrode 20.
  • the welding material 10 may be formed as a pair and positioned between the upper and lower electrodes 20.
  • a current is applied to the welding material 10 through the electrode 20.
  • a current having a specific value is constantly applied during a welding time, but the present invention allows the current to be applied at various stages during the welding process.
  • a constant current of a magnitude corresponding to a constant ratio of the reference current for example, about 80% of the reference current of 8 kA is uniformly applied to the welding material 10 for a predetermined time. It may be (S12).
  • the constant maintenance step (S12) of the current may correspond to the adaptive control type, and may include increasing the current to maintain the constant current.
  • the reference current means a current that is set in advance so as to be a reference for the fraction of the current applied to the welding material 10. For example, if the reference current is 8kA, the current set to 80% of the reference current means 6.4kA.
  • the reference current may mean a DC current that is constantly applied during the time of the conventional welding in the conventional spot welding process.
  • FIG. 3 illustrates a pattern (general DC current pattern) in which a reference current is uniformly applied during a welding time as a conventional general contact method.
  • the minimum dynamic resistance (R min ) can be detected in the constant maintenance step (S12) of the current, the minimum dynamic resistance (R min ) is the copper for the welding material 10 at a constant time interval (t 2 ), for example 5 ms intervals. By measuring the resistance, the minimum value of the copper resistance measurement is obtained. This can be obtained from the current applied to the welding material 10 by the power supply control unit 30.
  • the detection method of the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) which will be described later, is the same to or similar except for the minimum value extraction and the time interval. Can be used.
  • the time interval t 2 for measuring the minimum dynamic resistance R min is set to be different from the time interval t 1 for measuring the peak dynamic resistance R peak . It is also possible to set the same time interval.
  • the time from the time point at which the current is applied to the welding material 10 through the electrode 20 to the end point of the constant maintenance step S12 of the current may be an initial current time t in , for example, 20 ms.
  • the application of the current to the electrode 20 can be made by the control of the power control unit 30, which is required in a predetermined process, for example, the method of controlling the spot welder according to all embodiments of the present invention.
  • Application of current to the electrode 20 can be controlled.
  • the power controller 30 not only supplies power to the spot welder shown in FIG. 3, but also measures, for example, resistance measurement of the welding material 10, minimum dynamic resistance (R min ), and peak dynamic resistance (R peak ). It is possible to control the calculation, the application and off of the current accordingly, and have a timer for time control.
  • the current is gradually applied to the welding material 10 by controlling the power supply control unit 30 through one or more electrodes 20 ( S13).
  • the current value at the time of the gradual increase of the current i.e., the minimum current value i upmin
  • the current value at the end of the gradual increase of the current i.e. the maximum current value i upmax
  • the rise current time t up may be performed, for example, for 30 ms.
  • the peak dynamic resistance R peak of the welding material 10 is detected using the current applied to the welding material 10 (S14).
  • the peak copper resistance (R peak) can be the values that make the peak (peak) from the measured resistance to may be detected, the welding material (10) by the power control unit 30.
  • the measurement resistance of the welding material 10 may be calculated from the voltage across the welding material 10 and the current applied to the electrode 20 by the power supply control unit 30. It can also calculate from the electric current applied to 20).
  • the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) may vary depending on the type and thickness of the welding material 10.
  • the detecting of the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) (S14) may be performed within the maximum allowable current applied to the weld material 10 or within the maximum allowable resistance of the welding material 10. Detecting the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) (S14) is carried out by measuring the resistance of the weld material 10, which gradually increases the current applied to the electrode 20 to the weld material 10. This is done during the process. Therefore, if the gradual increase of the current is not limited due to the case where the detection of the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) is not possible, excessive current is applied to the electrode 20, which may cause welding failure and safety problems. In order to solve this problem, the resistance measurement of the welding material 10 may be performed within a preset maximum allowable resistance, or the current may be gradually increased to the welding material 10 within a preset maximum allowable current.
  • the current applied to the welding material 10 is reduced for a predetermined time t r and then recovered (S15).
  • Counting and control of the current of the set time (t r) is such a can be carried out according to a predetermined process by the power control unit 30, the power supply controller 30 using a timer, for example a set time (t r), various The count of time can be performed.
  • Reducing the current and restoring the current may include maintaining the current applied to the welding material 10 such that the low current i low is applied for the set time t r as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • Low current applied for a set time (t r) (i low) has a value lower than the set time (t r), a current (the starting current, i upmax) applied to the weld 10 at the time the start Means that.
  • This step may be a step of abruptly reducing or further stopping the amount of heat input to the welding material 10 for a short time, and in this sense, in the present specification and the claims, the step of reducing the current and recovering it again. May be referred to as an idle time.
  • the current i low applied during the set time t r may be maintained as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the low current i low is not necessarily constant and may have various forms in a range having a lower level than the start current i upmax during the idle time t r .
  • the step of reducing the current and then restoring the current may be a step of turning off the current applied to the welding material 10 for a predetermined time t off . In this case there is no current is applied during the stop time (t off).
  • the welding material is cooled for a short time by the step of maintaining the current value applied during the idle time t r and t off to a low value or turning off the current and restoring it again.
  • the amount of current applied to the welding material is excessive, it leads to an increase in the amount of heat input to the welding, and the quality of the welding may be reduced by the generation of spatter, etc. by the excessive heat input.
  • R peak peak dynamic resistance
  • the recovery current, i dn1 may have the same or lower values as compared with the above reference current.
  • the recovery current i dn1 may have a value corresponding to 100% of the reference current.
  • the recovery current i dn1 may have a value corresponding to 80% of the reference current.
  • the level of the recovery current i dn1 may be controlled in conjunction with the detection time of the peak dynamic resistance R peak .
  • the detection time t p of the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) that is, the time from when the current is applied to start the welding until the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) appears is less than or equal to a predetermined time, As an example, in the case of 30 ms or less, it is a case where the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) is detected within a relatively short time after welding, and it is applicable when the input of heat input amount is high at the beginning of welding. In this case, problems such as spatter generation due to excessive heat input may occur in a subsequent process by the heat accumulated in the welding material during the initial welding process.
  • the recovery current (i dn1 ) is restored to a value smaller than the reference current, for example, 80% of the reference current, and afterwards, it is possible to control not to exceed the amount of heat input as a whole. have.
  • the detection time t p of the peak dynamic resistance R peak is greater than a preset time, for example, more than 30 ms
  • the recovery current i dn1 is restored to a value corresponding to 100% of the reference current. You can.
  • the idle time (t r , t off ) may be 1-20 ms, for example 5 ms. If the idle time (t off ) is less than 1ms, the cooling effect is insignificant, and if it is more than 20ms, welding may not be effectively performed due to excessively long cooling.
  • the dwell time may be controlled in conjunction with the detection time of the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ). As illustrated in FIG. 3, the idle time when the detection time t p of the peak dynamic resistance R peak is less than or equal to a predetermined time may have the same value or smaller than that when the peak dynamic resistance R peak is greater than 30 ms.
  • the rest time may be in the range of 1 ms to 10 ms, and in the case of more than 30 ms, it may have a range of 10 ms to 20 ms.
  • the detection time t p of the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) is less than or equal to the preset time, the recovery current value may be set smaller than the reference current, and the amount of heat input that may be generated in this case is excessively reduced. It is necessary to shorten the down time (i.e., the time at which cooling takes place).
  • the detection time (t p ) of the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) is greater than the predetermined time, the problem caused by the relatively initial heat input amount is reduced, so that the rest time can be relatively longer.
  • the current is applied to the welding material 10 while gradually decreasing (S16). That is, while the idle time (t r , t off ) is applied to the welding material 10 on the basis of the elapsed time, it can be applied while gradually reducing the current. By controlling the current, supply of unnecessary heat can be cut off, and damage to the welding material 10 due to unnecessary heat can be reduced.
  • the end point of applying the current may be a point at which the total welding time elapsed after counting when the current is applied to the welding material 10.
  • the initial current in the step (S16) to be applied while reducing the current (i dn1) and reviews the current value (dn2 i) may be a value each of the minimum current to the maximum current value in the step (S16).
  • step S14 (shown in FIG. 1) of detecting the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) is a specific example, wherein the resistance of the welding material 10 is measured n times at intervals of t 1 ( S21) and detecting the maximum resistance among the measurement resistances of the welding material 10 as the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ), and in this case, the measurement period of the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) is t. It can be represented by 1 ⁇ n.
  • the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) may be detected by applying a current to the welding material 10 at a predetermined number of times of 10 ms.
  • the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) may indicate the maximum resistance having the largest value when the current is applied to the welding material 10 a predetermined number of times.
  • the measurement period of the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) can be represented, for example, 10 ms 3, that is, 30 ms.
  • the peak copper resistance (R peak) detecting as shown in FIG 7 (S14; shown in Fig. 1)
  • the weld material 10 to the current t 1 period n times applied to the peak copper in when measuring the resistance (R peak) can be the measurement period at the time the detected peak copper resistance (R peak) 1 times repeated to measure the peak copper resistance (R peak).
  • the step of detecting the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) is a step of measuring the resistance of the welding material 10 n times at intervals t 1 (S31), and detecting the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) at the n xth of n times.
  • the step (S32) may include the step (S33) of repeating the measurement of the resistance of the welding material n times with a period t 1 based on the n x- th.
  • the step (S33) of repeatedly measuring the resistance of the welding material is such that when the new peak dynamic resistance is detected by the power supply control unit 30 in the repeated measurement process, it is updated to the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ), and the repetition of the measurement section is repeated. For example, it may be repeatedly performed a predetermined number of times, or may be repeatedly performed until another peak dynamic resistance is not detected in the repeated measurement process as another example.
  • the control method of the spot welder according to the embodiments of the present invention can be prepared by a computer program. Codes and code segments constituting this computer program can be easily inferred by a computer programmer in the art.
  • the computer program may be stored in a computer-readable recording medium, and the computer program may be read and executed by a computer to perform or implement a method of controlling a spot welder.
  • FIG. 8 is a graph showing time-dependent current, voltage, and dynamic resistance waveforms according to an example of a method of controlling a spot welder according to the present invention. And a change in the copper resistance.
  • Table 2 shows the tensile test results of the welded material welded by the method of controlling the spot welder according to the embodiment of the present invention. After that, the tensile strength (unit: kN) at the weld is shown. The total welding time was 200ms, 250ms and 300ms, and the reference current was changed from 7kA to 12kA for each welding time. In all the tested conditions, the fracture of the weld site showed button fracture, which shows sound welding characteristics.
  • Table 3 shows the results of continuous RBI test using SGAFC1180Y (thickness 1.2mm) and SGACEN (thickness 1.1mm) under conditions of 11kA reference current and 250ms welding time. According to this, it can be seen that the present invention does not generate flying up to 500 RBIs, all of the button breaks occur, and the tensile strength decrease does not appear significantly.
  • Table 4 shows the tensile test results according to the method of controlling the spot welder according to the embodiment of the present invention. Tensile strength (unit: kN) is shown. The total welding time was 200ms, 250ms and 300ms, and the reference current was changed from 6kA to 10kA for each welding time. In all the tested conditions, the fracture of the welded part showed button fracture.
  • Table 5 shows the results of continuous RBI test using SGAFC1180Y (thickness 1.2mm) and SGAFC590DP (thickness 0.9mm) under the condition of 8kA reference current and 250ms welding time. According to this, it can be seen that the present invention does not generate flying up to 1000 RBIs, all button breaks occur, and the tensile strength decrease does not appear significantly.
  • Table 6 shows tensile test results by the method of controlling the spot welder according to the embodiment of the present invention, and after spot welding using SGAFC1180Y (thickness 1.2mm) and SGAFC590 (thickness 0.9mm), which are hot-dip galvanized steel sheets, Tensile strength (unit: kN) is shown.
  • the total welding time was 200ms, 250ms and 300ms, and the reference current was changed from 6kA to 10kA for each welding time. Under all conditions tested, the weld fracture showed button fracture.
  • Table 7 and Table 8 are tensile test results according to the method of controlling the spot welder according to the embodiment of the present invention, after spot welding using a cold-rolled steel plate SPRC440 (thickness 1.0mm), the fracture shape of the weld portion during the tensile force test It was investigated.
  • Table 7 shows a case in which the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) detection time is smaller than 30 ms, and the recovery current recovered after the rest time is 80% of the reference current.
  • the current value applied to the welding material during the rest time was applied to 0% of the reference current (that is, to turn off the current), 30%, 50%, and 70%.
  • the reference current was 9kA.
  • the idle time was 5ms when the current was off, and the rest time was 15ms.
  • Table 8 shows the same conditions except that the peak dynamic resistance (R peak ) was detected over 30 ms and the recovery current was 100% of the reference current.
  • Figure 9 shows the results of observing the fracture surface of the weld site according to the above conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Welding (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne : un procédé de commande de machine à souder par points, qui peut réduire au minimum une valeur calorique inutile et empêcher tout défaut et endommagement de soudage au niveau d'un matériau de soudage en raison de la valeur calorique inutile ; et un support d'enregistrement dans lequel son programme est stocké, et le procédé comporte les étapes consistant à : appliquer un courant sur un matériau de soudage tandis que le courant augmente progressivement par le biais d'une ou de plusieurs électrodes ; détecter la résistance dynamique de crête (Rpeak) du matériau de soudage quand le courant est appliqué tandis que le courant augmente progressivement ; diminuer, pour un temps prédéterminé, le courant appliqué au matériau de soudage et le récupérer, après avoir détecté la résistance dynamique de crête (Rpeak) ; et appliquer le courant, tandis que le courant diminue progressivement, pour le matériau de soudage après l'étape de récupération.
PCT/KR2016/007551 2015-07-14 2016-07-12 Procédé de commande de machine à souder par points et support d'enregistrement dans lequel son programme est enregistré WO2017010787A1 (fr)

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KR10-2015-0099954 2015-07-14
KR1020150099954A KR101739941B1 (ko) 2015-07-14 2015-07-14 점용접기의 제어방법 및 그 프로그램이 저장된 기록매체

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KR20010038882A (ko) * 1999-10-28 2001-05-15 이준웅 점 용접기의 재 용접 보상 장치
JP2004090037A (ja) * 2002-08-30 2004-03-25 Murata Mfg Co Ltd 抵抗溶接方法、電子部品、非可逆回路素子および通信装置
KR100653257B1 (ko) * 2005-09-29 2006-12-05 정연강 초정밀 저항용접기의 제어장치
KR20120032119A (ko) * 2010-09-28 2012-04-05 이희준 지능형 용접 제어장치 및 제어방법
WO2015049998A1 (fr) * 2013-10-04 2015-04-09 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Procédé de soudage par points par résistance

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5388822B2 (ja) 2009-03-13 2014-01-15 Ｊｆｅケミカル株式会社 リン酸鉄リチウムの製造方法
US8455929B2 (en) 2010-06-30 2013-06-04 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd. Formation of III-V based devices on semiconductor substrates

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20010038882A (ko) * 1999-10-28 2001-05-15 이준웅 점 용접기의 재 용접 보상 장치
JP2004090037A (ja) * 2002-08-30 2004-03-25 Murata Mfg Co Ltd 抵抗溶接方法、電子部品、非可逆回路素子および通信装置
KR100653257B1 (ko) * 2005-09-29 2006-12-05 정연강 초정밀 저항용접기의 제어장치
KR20120032119A (ko) * 2010-09-28 2012-04-05 이희준 지능형 용접 제어장치 및 제어방법
WO2015049998A1 (fr) * 2013-10-04 2015-04-09 Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 Procédé de soudage par points par résistance

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