WO2017000091A1 - 闲散动能收集储存发电装置 - Google Patents

闲散动能收集储存发电装置 Download PDF

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WO2017000091A1
WO2017000091A1 PCT/CN2015/000650 CN2015000650W WO2017000091A1 WO 2017000091 A1 WO2017000091 A1 WO 2017000091A1 CN 2015000650 W CN2015000650 W CN 2015000650W WO 2017000091 A1 WO2017000091 A1 WO 2017000091A1
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energy storage
energy
oil
accumulator
storage circuit
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PCT/CN2015/000650
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English (en)
French (fr)
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邵宇鹰
俞国勤
郁立成
施光林
吕政权
李坚
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国网上海市电力公司
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Publication of WO2017000091A1 publication Critical patent/WO2017000091A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G7/00—Mechanical-power-producing mechanisms, not otherwise provided for or using energy sources not otherwise provided for

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  • the invention relates to a collection and storage power generation device for idle kinetic energy, in particular to a collection and storage power generation device for vehicle idle kinetic energy.
  • the invention patent of Chinese Patent No. 201010002151 is a rolling power generation technology, which stores the mechanical energy received by the pressure plate in the elastic component through the gear train, and further drives the motor to generate electricity. His characteristic is that when the heavy object is pressed, a plurality of elastic components will be locked, and will be released after the gravity has passed, and the potential energy will drive the motor to generate electricity. In the case where the traffic volume is too high, energy waste is generated, and in the case where the traffic volume is too low, intermittent power generation occurs, and intermittent power generation may cause the generator to malfunction and the power generation efficiency is low.
  • the utility model patent of Chinese Patent No. 201120541474 is a piezoelectric ceramic power generation device. It consists of a dowel bar and multiple sets of piezoceramics. The characteristics of the piezoelectric ceramic are utilized, and electric energy can be generated when pressed by an external force. In the case of vehicle extrusion, the absorbed energy is limited, and the generated electrical energy is also intermittently unstable. This current is not suitable for large-scale power generation.
  • the invention patent of Chinese Patent No. 201210296390 is a self-generating device using a road speed bump.
  • the inside contains a water bag, a flow generator, and the like.
  • the water in the water bag is squeezed into the storage water.
  • energy is not stored for a while.
  • the spring returns to the original position, and the energy storage water bag releases the water flow, which drives the generator to generate electricity. It generates electricity immediately when the vehicle is turned over, and the power generation water pressure is low, which can only drive small-power motors, and cannot guarantee continuous power generation, and does not solve the problem of low power generation efficiency.
  • the invention provides an idle kinetic energy collecting and storing power generating device, and the idle kinetic energy of the vehicle is sequentially stored in the accumulator through the hydraulic system, and the continuous output of the electric energy can be realized, the power generation scale is large, and the power generation efficiency is high.
  • an idle kinetic energy collection and storage power generation device comprising:
  • At least one set of speed reducer energy collecting devices connected to the oil tank through a pipeline, and the hydraulic oil in the speed reducer energy collecting device is pressed into the energy storage circuit when the vehicle is crushed, and the vehicle is removed from the fuel tank when the vehicle is self-propelled Hydraulic oil is sucked into the speed reducer energy harvesting device;
  • the pipeline is connected to the energy storage device of the speed reducer, and the energy storage circuit sequentially collects the high pressure oil provided by the energy collecting device of the speed reducer, and starts to supply oil to the power generation device after reaching the maximum energy storage;
  • the pipeline is connected to the energy storage circuit, and the high-pressure oil collected by each energy storage circuit is sequentially used to continuously generate electricity.
  • the speed-reducing plate energy collecting device and the oil tank are connected through an oil-discharging line and a return oil line, a check valve is arranged on the oil-discharging line, a electromagnetic ball valve is arranged on the oil return line, and the electromagnetic ball valve is a normally closed valve;
  • the check valve and the normally closed electromagnetic ball valve ensure that the hydraulic oil in the fuel tank can only flow into the energy-saving device of the speed reducer in one direction, but the high-pressure oil in the energy collecting device of the speed reducer cannot flow back into the fuel tank.
  • the electromagnetic ball valve is opened, and the high pressure oil in the energy collecting device of the speed reducer is returned to the oil tank.
  • the speed reducer energy collecting device includes a spring to ensure that the oil is reset and the rigidity is minimized to reduce the energy loss.
  • the number of check valves on the oil discharge line is equal to the number of energy storage circuits, and the number of electromagnetic ball valves on the oil return line is equal to the number of energy storage circuits.
  • the energy storage circuit comprises:
  • the energy storage circuit check valve is connected to the above-mentioned speed reducer energy collecting device to ensure the deceleration
  • the high pressure oil in the plate energy collecting device can only flow into the accumulator in one direction;
  • the energy storage circuit is inserted into the electromagnetic ball valve, and the pipeline is connected to the energy storage circuit check valve.
  • the energy storage circuit electromagnetic valve is opened, the accumulator starts to store energy, and the energy storage circuit enters the electromagnetic ball valve to close.
  • the accumulator stops accumulating energy;
  • An accumulator wherein the pipeline is connected to the energy storage circuit electromagnetic ball valve of the energy storage circuit, and the high pressure oil provided by the energy storage device of the speed reducer is stored until the maximum energy storage is reached;
  • An energy storage circuit discharge electromagnetic ball valve wherein a pipeline is connected to the accumulator and the power generation device, and the energy storage circuit discharge electromagnetic ball valve is opened, and the high pressure oil in the accumulator flows into the power generation device, and the energy storage circuit discharges When the electromagnetic ball valve is closed, the high pressure oil in the accumulator stops flowing into the power generating device;
  • the pressure sensor is arranged on the connecting pipeline of the accumulator and the power generating device to monitor the pressure value of the accumulator in real time; if the accumulator pressure value reaches the minimum pressure value, the electromagnetic ball valve of the accumulator circuit is closed and stopped. Supplying oil to the power generation device, opening the electromagnetic ball valve of the energy storage circuit, and accumulating the energy storage device; if the pressure value of the accumulator reaches the highest pressure value, the electromagnetic ball valve of the energy storage circuit is closed, and the energy storage device is stopped. The high-pressure oil is stored, the electromagnetic ball valve of the accumulator circuit is opened, and the accumulator supplies oil to the power generating device.
  • the lowest pressure value of the accumulator is set to a minimum pressure that allows the hydraulic motor in the power generating device to operate normally, and the highest pressure value is set to the highest pressure that the target vehicle can press.
  • the energy storage circuit further includes a high pressure filter disposed on a connecting line between the accumulator and the energy storage device of the speed reducer to filter impurities generated in the oil path.
  • the power generation device includes:
  • a proportional solenoid valve wherein the pipeline is connected to an energy storage circuit discharge electromagnetic ball valve in the energy storage circuit, and the proportional solenoid valve uses PID control to control the discharge speed of the accumulator to ensure long-term high pressure supply. Keep the generator in a state of high efficiency;
  • a hydraulic motor wherein the pipeline is connected to the proportional solenoid valve, and the high-voltage oil provided by the accumulator is used to generate electricity, and the electric energy is stored in the storage battery;
  • the encoder is electrically connected to the hydraulic motor and the proportional solenoid valve.
  • the encoder records the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor and implements feedback control.
  • the proportional solenoid valve current is increased.
  • to increase the discharge speed of the accumulator when the speed of the hydraulic motor displayed by the encoder is greater than the rated speed of the hydraulic motor, reduce the proportional solenoid current and reduce the discharge speed of the accumulator.
  • An overflow valve is arranged on the connecting line between the speed reducer energy collecting device and the energy storage circuit. When the system pressure is too high, the overflow valve is opened to prevent the component from being damaged.
  • the idle kinetic energy of the vehicle is stored in the accumulator in an orderly manner through the hydraulic system, and the continuous output of the electric energy can be realized, the power generation scale is large, and the power generation efficiency is high.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of an idle kinetic energy collection and storage power generation device provided by the present invention.
  • the invention provides an idle kinetic energy collection and storage power generation device, comprising:
  • At least one set of speed reducer energy collecting device which is connected to the oil tank through a pipeline, can convert excess kinetic energy when the automobile is crushed into hydraulic energy, and presses hydraulic oil in the speed reducer energy collecting device into the energy storage circuit when the vehicle is crushed Medium, and the hydraulic oil in the fuel tank is sucked into the energy-saving device of the speed reducer when the vehicle is self-propelled;
  • the pipeline is connected to the energy storage device of the speed reducer, and the energy storage circuit sequentially collects the high pressure oil provided by the energy collecting device of the speed reducer, and starts to supply oil to the power generation device after reaching the maximum energy storage;
  • the pipeline is connected to the energy storage circuit, and the high-pressure oil collected by each energy storage circuit is sequentially used to continuously generate electricity.
  • the speed-reducing plate energy collecting device and the oil tank are connected through an oil-discharging line and a return oil line, a check valve is arranged on the oil-discharging line, a electromagnetic ball valve is arranged on the oil return line, and the electromagnetic ball valve is a normally closed valve;
  • the check valve and the normally closed electromagnetic ball valve ensure that the hydraulic oil in the fuel tank can only flow into the energy-saving device of the speed reducer in one direction, but the high-pressure oil in the energy collecting device of the speed reducer cannot flow back into the fuel tank.
  • the electromagnetic ball valve In the working state, the electromagnetic ball valve is opened, so that the high pressure oil in the energy collecting device of the speed reducer is returned to the oil tank; the energy collecting device of the speed reducer includes a spring to ensure the complex
  • the position of oil absorption requires minimum stiffness to reduce its energy loss; the number of check valves on the oil discharge line is equal to the number of energy storage circuits, and the number of electromagnetic ball valves on the return line and the number of energy storage circuits equal.
  • the energy storage circuit comprises:
  • the energy storage circuit check valve is connected to the speed reducer energy collecting device of the speed reducer, so that the high pressure oil in the energy collecting device of the speed reducer can only flow into the accumulator in one direction;
  • the energy storage circuit is inserted into the electromagnetic ball valve, and the pipeline is connected to the energy storage circuit check valve.
  • the energy storage circuit electromagnetic valve is opened, the accumulator starts to store energy, and the energy storage circuit enters the electromagnetic ball valve to close.
  • the accumulator stops accumulating energy;
  • the accumulator is connected to the storage circuit electromagnetic ball valve of the energy storage circuit, and stores the high pressure oil provided by the energy storage device of the speed reducer until the maximum energy storage is reached; the minimum pressure value of the accumulator is set to allow The lowest pressure at which the hydraulic motor in the power generating device operates normally, and the highest pressure value is set to the highest pressure that the target vehicle can press;
  • An energy storage circuit discharge electromagnetic ball valve wherein a pipeline is connected to the accumulator and the power generation device, and the energy storage circuit discharge electromagnetic ball valve is opened, and the high pressure oil in the accumulator flows into the power generation device, and the energy storage circuit discharges When the electromagnetic ball valve is closed, the high pressure oil in the accumulator stops flowing into the power generating device;
  • the pressure sensor is arranged on the connecting pipeline of the accumulator and the power generating device to monitor the pressure value of the accumulator in real time; if the accumulator pressure value reaches the minimum pressure value, the electromagnetic ball valve of the accumulator circuit is closed and stopped. Supplying oil to the power generation device, opening the electromagnetic ball valve of the energy storage circuit, and accumulating the energy storage device; if the pressure value of the accumulator reaches the highest pressure value, the electromagnetic ball valve of the energy storage circuit is closed, and the energy storage device is stopped. Store high-pressure oil, open the electromagnetic ball valve of the energy storage circuit, and accumulate oil to the power generation device;
  • the high pressure filter is disposed on a connecting line between the accumulator and the speed reducer energy collecting device, and can filter impurities generated in the oil path.
  • the power generation device includes:
  • the proportional solenoid valve has a pipeline connected to the energy storage loop discharge electromagnetic ball valve in the energy storage circuit, and the proportional solenoid valve adopts PID (Proportion Integration Differentiation) control to control the accumulator discharge speed To ensure that the liquid is supplied at a higher pressure for a long time, so that the generator is in a state of high efficiency power generation;
  • PID Proportion Integration Differentiation
  • the pipeline is connected to the proportional solenoid valve, and the high-pressure oil is provided by the accumulator Electricity, storing electrical energy in the battery;
  • the encoder is electrically connected to the hydraulic motor and the proportional solenoid valve.
  • the encoder records the rotational speed of the hydraulic motor and implements feedback control.
  • the proportional solenoid valve current is increased.
  • to increase the discharge speed of the accumulator when the speed of the hydraulic motor displayed by the encoder is greater than the rated speed of the hydraulic motor, reduce the proportional solenoid current and reduce the discharge speed of the accumulator.
  • An overflow valve is arranged on the connecting line between the speed reducer energy collecting device and the energy storage circuit. When the system pressure is too high, the overflow valve is opened to prevent the component from being damaged.
  • the electromagnetic ball valve is in a closed state in a power-off state, which can save power consumption of the entire system.
  • a set of speed reducer energy collecting device 2 and two energy storage circuits are used to set the energy storage to be initially in a low pressure state, at which time one energy storage circuit is opened, and the other circuit is opened.
  • the accumulator circuit is closed.
  • the high-pressure oil is intermittently pressed into one of the accumulator circuits.
  • the liquid-filled electromagnetic ball valve of the accumulator circuit is closed, and the accumulator circuit is opened.
  • the liquid-emitting electromagnetic ball valve simultaneously closes the liquid-emitting electromagnetic ball valve of the other energy storage circuit, and opens the electromagnetic ball valve of the other energy storage circuit.
  • the electromagnetic ball valve 4-1 and the electromagnetic ball valve 4-2 are closed, and the high pressure oil cannot be returned to the oil tank 1 when the speed reducer energy collecting device 2 is depressed.
  • the hydraulic oil in the oil tank 1 can be The spring force is sucked into the speed reducer energy collecting device 2 via the check valve 3-3 and the check valve 3-4.
  • the accumulator 5-1 in the first accumulator circuit and the accumulator 5-2 in the second accumulator circuit are in a state to be charged, and the opening in the first accumulating circuit is opened.
  • the liquid electromagnetic ball valve 4-3 closes the liquid discharge electromagnetic ball valve 4-5 in the first energy storage circuit, the liquid inlet electromagnetic ball valve 4-4 in the second energy storage circuit, and the liquid discharge in the second energy storage circuit
  • the electromagnetic ball valve 4-6, the high-pressure oil in the speed-reducing plate energy collecting device 2 is fully charged into the energy storage in the first-stage energy storage circuit through the check valve 3-1, the check valve 3-2, and the high-pressure filter 10-1.
  • the opening of the proportional solenoid valve 7 can control the discharge speed of the accumulator to achieve constant speed driving.
  • the liquid discharge electromagnetic ball valve 4-5 of the first energy storage circuit and the liquid discharge electromagnetic ball valve 4-6 of the second energy storage circuit must be closed.
  • the electromagnetic ball valve 4-1 and the electromagnetic ball valve 4-2 are opened, and the pressurized hydraulic oil is directly returned to the oil tank 1.
  • the electromagnetic ball valves 4-1 to 4-2 and the proportional solenoid valve 7 can all be powered by independent power sources.
  • the relief valve 8 is opened to prevent damage to the components. How many sets of speed reducer energy harvesting devices 2 are specifically set, and how many circuit storage circuits are set can be determined according to actual road conditions.
  • the invention can convert the originally discontinuous depressing mechanical energy into a continuous electric energy output for a long time, can realize continuous output of electric energy, has large power generation scale and high power generation efficiency.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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Abstract

一种闲散动能收集储存发电装置，包含：油箱（1）；至少一组减速板能量收集装置（2），其通过管路连接油箱（1），将油箱（1）中的液压油吸入减速板能量收集装置（2）中；至少两路蓄能回路（5-1,5-2），其管路连接减速板能量收集装置（2），蓄能回路（5-1,5-2）依次收集减速板能量收集装置（2）提供的高压油，直至达到最大蓄能后开始向发电装置供油；发电装置，其管路连接蓄能回路（5-1,5-2），依次利用各个蓄能回路收集的高压油持续发电。该装置将车辆的闲散动能通过液压系统有序地储存在蓄能器中，可实现电能的连续输出，发电规模大，发电效率高。

Description

闲散动能收集储存发电装置 技术领域
本发明涉及一种闲散动能的收集储存发电装置，尤其涉及一种车辆闲散动能的收集储存发电装置。
背景技术
随着全球经济的蓬勃发展，能源供需矛盾日益突出。寻求新能源或能源利用技术是目前新能源技术发展的方向。在众多类型的能源中，闲散动能逐渐受人关注。它包括人体走路跑步、汽车行驶、空气流动等，其特点是范围广，能量分散，收集不易，是一种绿色的可再生能源。而研究如何将此类离散的、闲置的动能采集、储存发电，实现新型能源的高效利用，将为补充能源，节能减排做出重要贡献。
近年来，国内外对闲散动能的回收发电研究比较重视，但大部分仍处于示范阶段，尚未商业性运行示范。国内对闲散动能回收利用主要偏重在利用压电、碾压与压敏等方式在公路上进行发电或再利用。
中国专利号为201010002151的发明专利，是一种碾压发电技术，它通过齿轮系将受压板受到的机械能储存在弹性组件中，并进一步带动电机发电。他的特点是当重物压住后，多个弹性组件会被锁住，待重力过去后即依次释放，将势能带动电机旋转发电。对于车流量过高的情况下，会产生能量浪费，而对于车流量过低的情况，则出现间断发电的情况，间断发电会导致发电机无法正常工作，发电效率低。
中国专利号为201120541474的实用新型专利，是一种压电陶瓷发电装置。它包含一根传力杆，以及多组压电陶瓷。利用了压电陶瓷的特性，当受外力挤压时可产生电能。对于车辆挤压的情况，吸收的能量有限，产生的电能也是间歇不稳定，这种电流并不适合大范围发电。
中国专利号为201210296390的发明专利，是一种利用道路减速带的自发电装置。其内部含有水袋，液流发电机等。碾压时，水袋内水被挤入储能水 袋中，暂时不发电储存能量。车辆离去后弹簧回到原位，储能水袋即释放产生水流，推动发电机发电。它在车辆开过时就马上发电，发电水压较低，只能带动小功率电机，并且无法保证连续发电，没有解决发电效率低的问题。
发明的公开
本发明提供一种闲散动能收集储存发电装置，将车辆的闲散动能通过液压系统有序地储存在蓄能器中，可实现电能的连续输出，发电规模大，发电效率高。
为了达到上述目的，本发明提供一种闲散动能收集储存发电装置，包含：
油箱，其储存未进入循环的多余液压油；
至少一组减速板能量收集装置，其通过管路连接油箱，在车辆碾压时将减速板能量收集装置内的液压油压入蓄能回路中，而车辆离去自行弹起时将油箱中的液压油吸入减速板能量收集装置中；
至少两路蓄能回路，其管路连接减速板能量收集装置，蓄能回路依次收集减速板能量收集装置提供的高压油，直至达到最大蓄能后开始向发电装置供油；
发电装置，其管路连接蓄能回路，依次利用各个蓄能回路收集的高压油持续发电。
所述的减速板能量收集装置和油箱之间通过出油管路和回油管路连接，所述的出油管路上设置单向阀，所述的回油管路上设置电磁球阀，电磁球阀为常闭阀门；在工作状态时，单向阀和常闭电磁球阀保证了油箱中的液压油只能单向往减速板能量收集装置中流动，而减速板能量收集装置中的高压油却不能回流入油箱，在非工作状态，电磁球阀打开，使减速板能量收集装置中的高压油回流入油箱。
所述的减速板能量收集装置中含有弹簧，保证其复位吸油的同时需要刚度最小以减少其能量损耗。
所述的出油管路上的单向阀的数量与蓄能回路的数量相等，所述的回油管路上的电磁球阀的数量与蓄能回路的数量相等。
所述的蓄能回路包含：
蓄能回路单向阀，其管路连接所述的减速板能量收集装置，保证了减速 板能量收集装置中的高压油只能单向往蓄能器中流动；
蓄能回路进液电磁球阀，其管路连接所述的蓄能回路单向阀，该蓄能回路进液电磁球阀打开，则蓄能器开始蓄能，蓄能回路进液电磁球阀关闭，则蓄能器停止蓄能；
蓄能器，其管路连接所述的蓄能回路进液电磁球阀，存储减速板能量收集装置提供的高压油，直至达到最大蓄能；
蓄能回路出液电磁球阀，其管路连接所述的蓄能器和发电装置，该蓄能回路出液电磁球阀开启，则蓄能器中的高压油流入发电装置，该蓄能回路出液电磁球阀关闭，则蓄能器中的高压油停止流入发电装置；
压力传感器，其设置在蓄能器与发电装置的连接管路上，实时监测蓄能器的压力值；如果监测到蓄能器压力值达到最低压力值，则关闭蓄能回路出液电磁球阀，停止向发电装置供油，开启蓄能回路进液电磁球阀，蓄能器开始蓄能；如果监测到蓄能器压力值达到最高压力值，则关闭蓄能回路进液电磁球阀，停止向蓄能器存储高压油，开启蓄能回路出液电磁球阀，蓄能器向发电装置供油。
所述蓄能器的最低压力值设定为能让发电装置中的液压马达正常工作的最低压力，最高压力值设定为目标车辆能压下的最高压力。
所述的蓄能回路还包含：高压过滤器，其设置在蓄能器与减速板能量收集装置的连接管路上，过滤油路中产生的杂质。
所述的发电装置包含：
比例电磁阀，其管路连接所述的蓄能回路中的蓄能回路出液电磁球阀，该比例电磁阀采用PID控制来控制蓄能器放液速度，保证长时间以较高压力供液，使发电机处于高效发电状态；
液压马达，其管路连接所述的比例电磁阀，利用蓄能器提供的高压油发电，将电能存储在蓄电池中；
编码器，其电性连接液压马达和比例电磁阀，该编码器记录液压马达的转速，实现反馈控制，当编码器显示的液压马达的转速小于液压马达的额定转速时，增大比例电磁阀电流，提高蓄能器的放液速度，当编码器显示的液压马达的转速大于液压马达的额定转速时，减小比例电磁阀电流，降低蓄能器的放液速度。
当发电装置中的液压马达需要急停时，蓄能回路中的蓄能回路出液电磁球阀关闭。
所述的减速板能量收集装置和蓄能回路之间的连接管路上设置溢流阀，当系统压力过高时，溢流阀打开，防止组件受到损坏。
本发明将车辆的闲散动能通过液压系统有序地储存在蓄能器中，可实现电能的连续输出，发电规模大，发电效率高。
附图的简要说明
图1是本发明提供的一种闲散动能收集储存发电装置的实施例的电路示意图。
实现本发明的最佳方式
以下根据图1具体说明本发明的较佳实施例。
本发明提供一种闲散动能收集储存发电装置，包含：
油箱，其储存未进入循环的多余液压油；
至少一组减速板能量收集装置，其通过管路连接油箱，能够将汽车碾压时多余的动能转换为液压能，在车辆碾压时将减速板能量收集装置内的液压油压入蓄能回路中，而车辆离去自行弹起时将油箱中的液压油吸入减速板能量收集装置中；
至少两路蓄能回路，其管路连接减速板能量收集装置，蓄能回路依次收集减速板能量收集装置提供的高压油，直至达到最大蓄能后开始向发电装置供油；
发电装置，其管路连接蓄能回路，依次利用各个蓄能回路收集的高压油持续发电。
所述的减速板能量收集装置和油箱之间通过出油管路和回油管路连接，所述的出油管路上设置单向阀，所述的回油管路上设置电磁球阀，电磁球阀为常闭阀门；在工作状态时，单向阀和常闭电磁球阀保证了油箱中的液压油只能单向往减速板能量收集装置中流动，而减速板能量收集装置中的高压油却不能回流入油箱，在非工作状态，电磁球阀打开，使减速板能量收集装置中的高压油回流入油箱；所述的减速板能量收集装置中含有弹簧，保证其复 位吸油的同时需要刚度最小以减少其能量损耗；所述的出油管路上的单向阀的数量与蓄能回路的数量相等，所述的回油管路上的电磁球阀的数量与蓄能回路的数量相等。
所述的蓄能回路包含：
蓄能回路单向阀，其管路连接所述的减速板能量收集装置，保证了减速板能量收集装置中的高压油只能单向往蓄能器中流动；
蓄能回路进液电磁球阀，其管路连接所述的蓄能回路单向阀，该蓄能回路进液电磁球阀打开，则蓄能器开始蓄能，蓄能回路进液电磁球阀关闭，则蓄能器停止蓄能；
蓄能器，其管路连接所述的蓄能回路进液电磁球阀，存储减速板能量收集装置提供的高压油，直至达到最大蓄能；所述蓄能器的最低压力值设定为能让发电装置中的液压马达正常工作的最低压力，最高压力值设定为目标车辆能压下的最高压力；
蓄能回路出液电磁球阀，其管路连接所述的蓄能器和发电装置，该蓄能回路出液电磁球阀开启，则蓄能器中的高压油流入发电装置，该蓄能回路出液电磁球阀关闭，则蓄能器中的高压油停止流入发电装置；
压力传感器，其设置在蓄能器与发电装置的连接管路上，实时监测蓄能器的压力值；如果监测到蓄能器压力值达到最低压力值，则关闭蓄能回路出液电磁球阀，停止向发电装置供油，开启蓄能回路进液电磁球阀，蓄能器开始蓄能；如果监测到蓄能器压力值达到最高压力值，则关闭蓄能回路进液电磁球阀，停止向蓄能器存储高压油，开启蓄能回路出液电磁球阀，蓄能器向发电装置供油；
高压过滤器，其设置在蓄能器与减速板能量收集装置之间的连接管路上，可以过滤油路中产生的杂质。
所述的发电装置包含：
比例电磁阀，其管路连接所述的蓄能回路中的蓄能回路出液电磁球阀，该比例电磁阀采用PID(比例-积分-微分，Proportion Integration Differentiation)控制来控制蓄能器放液速度，保证长时间以较高压力供液，使发电机处于高效发电状态；
液压马达，其管路连接所述的比例电磁阀，利用蓄能器提供的高压油发 电，将电能存储在蓄电池中；
编码器，其电性连接液压马达和比例电磁阀，该编码器记录液压马达的转速，实现反馈控制，当编码器显示的液压马达的转速小于液压马达的额定转速时，增大比例电磁阀电流，提高蓄能器的放液速度，当编码器显示的液压马达的转速大于液压马达的额定转速时，减小比例电磁阀电流，降低蓄能器的放液速度。
所述的减速板能量收集装置和蓄能回路之间的连接管路上设置溢流阀，当系统压力过高时，溢流阀打开，防止组件受到损坏。
所述的电磁球阀在断电状态下处于闭合状态，这样可以节省整个系统的电能消耗。
如图1所示，是本发明的一个具体实施例，采用一组减速板能量收集装置2和两路蓄能回路，设定蓄能初始处于低压状态，此时一路蓄能回路打开，另一路蓄能回路关闭，此时，高压油间歇性压入一路蓄能回路中，待蓄能器压力达到最高压力值后，关闭这一路蓄能回路的进液电磁球阀，并开启这一路蓄能回路的出液电磁球阀，同时关闭另一路蓄能回路的出液电磁球阀，开启另一路蓄能回路的进液电磁球阀。如此交替往复，将本来离散间断的能量通过两路蓄能回路循环发电，极大地改善发电效率，并能得到大功率的稳定电能。
工作时，电磁球阀4-1和电磁球阀4-2关闭，减速板能量收集装置2压下时高压油不能返回油箱1，减速板能量收集装置2抬起时，油箱1内的液压油可在弹簧作用力下经单向阀3-3和单向阀3-4被吸入减速板能量收集装置2中。初始状态时，第一路蓄能回路中的蓄能器5-1和第二路蓄能回路中的蓄能器5-2都处于待充压状态，打开第一路蓄能回路中的进液电磁球阀4-3，关闭第一路蓄能回路中的出液电磁球阀4-5、第二路蓄能回路中的进液电磁球阀4-4和第二路蓄能回路中的出液电磁球阀4-6，减速板能量收集装置2中的高压油经过单向阀3-1、单向阀3-2和高压过滤器10-1全部充入第一路蓄能回路中的蓄能器5-1，待其压力传感器6-1达到最高压力值后，关闭进液电磁球阀4-3，开启第二路蓄能回路中的进液电磁球阀44和第一路蓄能回路中的出液电磁球阀4-5，此时后续高压油逐渐往第二路蓄能回路中的蓄能器5-2内充液，而第一路蓄能回路中的蓄能器5-1中的高压油经比例电磁阀7带动 液压马达9旋转，待其压力传感器6-1达到最低压力值后，关闭第一路蓄能回路中的出液电磁球阀4-5，当第二路蓄能回路中的压力传感器6-2达到最高压力值后，关闭进液电磁球阀4-4，开启第一路蓄能回路中的进液电磁球阀4-3和第二路蓄能回路中的出液电磁球阀4-6。如此往复，可实现对所收集能量的循环收集以及长时间发电。在发电过程中，调节比例电磁阀7开口大小可控制蓄能器放液速度，来达到恒转速驱动。当液压马达9需要急停时，不管系统处于何种状态，第一路蓄能回路的出液电磁球阀4-5和第二路蓄能回路的出液电磁球阀4-6都必须关闭。当机械系统需要维修拆卸，电磁球阀4-1和电磁球阀4-2打开，受压液压油直接返回油箱1。电磁球阀4-1～4-2和比例电磁阀7可全由独立电源供电，当系统压力过高时，溢流阀8打开，防止组件受到损坏。具体设置多少组减速板能量收集装置2，以及设置多少路蓄能回路可根据实际路况而定。
本发明可以把原本间断离散的下压机械能转变为较长时间的连续电能输出，可实现电能的连续输出，发电规模大，发电效率高。
尽管本发明的内容已经通过上述优选实施例作了详细介绍，但应当认识到上述的描述不应被认为是对本发明的限制。在本领域技术人员阅读了上述内容后，对于本发明的多种修改和替代都将是显而易见的。因此，本发明的保护范围应由所附的权利要求来限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种闲散动能收集储存发电装置，其特征在于，包含：
    油箱，其储存未进入循环的多余液压油
    至少一组减速板能量收集装置，其通过管路连接油箱，在车辆碾压时将减速板能量收集装置内的液压油压入蓄能回路中，而车辆离去自行弹起时将油箱中的液压油吸入减速板能量收集装置中；
    至少两路蓄能回路，其管路连接减速板能量收集装置，蓄能回路依次收集减速板能量收集装置提供的高压油，直至达到最大蓄能后开始向发电装置供油；
    发电装置，其管路连接蓄能回路，依次利用各个蓄能回路收集的高压油持续发电。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的闲散动能收集储存发电装置，其特征在于，所述的减速板能量收集装置和油箱之间通过出油管路和回油管路连接，所述的出油管路上设置单向阀，所述的回油管路上设置电磁球阀，电磁球阀为常闭阀门；在工作状态时，单向阀和常闭电磁球阀保证了油箱中的液压油只能单向往减速板能量收集装置中流动，而减速板能量收集装置中的高压油却不能回流入油箱，在非工作状态，电磁球阀打开，使减速板能量收集装置中的高压油回流入油箱。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的闲散动能收集储存发电装置，其特征在于，所述的减速板能量收集装置中含有弹簧，保证其复位吸油的同时需要刚度最小以减少其能量损耗。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的闲散动能收集储存发电装置，其特征在于，所述的出油管路上的单向阀的数量与蓄能回路的数量相等，所述的回油管路上的电磁球阀的数量与蓄能回路的数量相等。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的闲散动能收集储存发电装置，其特征在于，所述的蓄能回路包含：
    蓄能回路单向阀，其管路连接所述的减速板能量收集装置，保证了减速板能量收集装置中的高压油只能单向往蓄能器中流动；
    蓄能回路进液电磁球阀，其管路连接所述的蓄能回路单向阀，该蓄能回路进液电磁球阀打开，则蓄能器开始蓄能，蓄能回路进液电磁球阀关闭，则蓄能器停止蓄能；
    蓄能器，其管路连接所述的蓄能回路进液电磁球阀，存储减速板能量收集装置提供的高压油，直至达到最大蓄能；
    蓄能回路出液电磁球阀，其管路连接所述的蓄能器和发电装置，该蓄能回路出液电磁球阀开启，则蓄能器中的高压油流入发电装置，该蓄能回路出液电磁球阀关闭，则蓄能器中的高压油停止流入发电装置；
    压力传感器，其设置在蓄能器与发电装置的连接管路上，实时监测蓄能器的压力值；如果监测到蓄能器压力值达到最低压力值，则关闭蓄能回路出液电磁球阀，停止向发电装置供油，开启蓄能回路进液电磁球阀，蓄能器开始蓄能；如果监测到蓄能器压力值达到最高压力值，则关闭蓄能回路进液电磁球阀，停止向蓄能器存储高压油，开启蓄能回路出液电磁球阀，蓄能器向发电装置供油。
  6. 如权利要求5所述的闲散动能收集储存发电装置，其特征在于，所述蓄能器的最低压力值设定为能让发电装置中的液压马达正常工作的最低压力，最高压力值设定为目标车辆能压下的最高压力。
  7. 如权利要求6所述的闲散动能收集储存发电装置，其特征在于，所述的蓄能回路还包含；高压过滤器，其设置在蓄能器与减速板能量收集装置的连接管路上，过滤油路中产生的杂质。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的闲散动能收集储存发电装置，其特征在于，所述的发电装置包含：
    比例电磁阀，其管路连接所述的蓄能回路中的蓄能回路出液电磁球阀，该比例电磁阀采用PID控制来控制蓄能器放液速度，保证长时间以较高压力供液，使发电机处于高效发电状态；
    液压马达，其管路连接所述的比例电磁阀，利用蓄能器提供的高压油发电，将电能存储在蓄电池中；
    编码器，其电性连接液压马达和比例电磁阀，该编码器记录液压马达的转速，实现反馈控制，当编码器显示的液压马达的转速小于液压马达的额定转速时，增大比例电磁阀电流，提高蓄能器的放液速度，当编码器显 示的液压马达的转速大于液压马达的额定转速时，减小比例电磁阀电流，降低蓄能器的放液速度。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的闲散动能收集储存发电装置，其特征在于，当发电装置中的液压马达需要急停时，蓄能回路中的蓄能回路出液电磁球阀关闭。
  10. 如权利要求9所述的闲散动能收集储存发电装置，其特征在于，所述的减速板能量收集装置和蓄能回路之间的连接管路上设置溢流阀，当系统压力过高时，溢流阀打开，防止组件受到损坏。
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CN108266342A (zh) * 2018-01-09 2018-07-10 上海海大技术转移有限公司 船舶靠岸能量回收利用装置
CN108980122A (zh) * 2018-09-18 2018-12-11 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 一种适用于丘陵山区的液压被动悬架的储能系统
CN108980122B (zh) * 2018-09-18 2023-08-15 农业部南京农业机械化研究所 一种适用于丘陵山区的液压被动悬架的储能系统
CN109515407A (zh) * 2018-11-14 2019-03-26 浙江工业大学 并联式液压制动能量回收系统

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