WO2016197933A2 - 报文转发 - Google Patents

报文转发 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016197933A2
WO2016197933A2 PCT/CN2016/085199 CN2016085199W WO2016197933A2 WO 2016197933 A2 WO2016197933 A2 WO 2016197933A2 CN 2016085199 W CN2016085199 W CN 2016085199W WO 2016197933 A2 WO2016197933 A2 WO 2016197933A2
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header
unicast
packet
line card
layer
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PCT/CN2016/085199
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English (en)
French (fr)
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WO2016197933A3 (zh
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孟丹
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杭州华三通信技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2016197933A2 publication Critical patent/WO2016197933A2/zh
Publication of WO2016197933A3 publication Critical patent/WO2016197933A3/zh

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  • router boards can be divided into two categories, one is programmable, can be customized, and is a CPU (Central Processing Unit)/FPGA (Field Programmable Gate Array). ) / NP (Network Processor) is a flexible line card board for forwarding cores, and the other is a switch line card board with relatively fixed functions, high cost, and a switching chip as a forwarding core. When there are two different line cards in the same system, the interworking problem is bound to be introduced.
  • CPU Central Processing Unit
  • FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • NP Network Processor
  • the switch chip includes: an XGS-based switch chip (referred to as an XGS switch chip) and a Dune-based switch chip (referred to as a Dune switch chip).
  • the upstream module queries various entries, such as the interface table, the FIB (Forward Information Base) table, the ILM (Incoming Label Map) table, etc. If any changes are made, then a PPH (Packet Processing Header) is added in front of the message to carry the modification information, and the downlink module performs substantial modification, such as adding and deleting tags, modifying the IP header, and adding a Layer 2 package.
  • the line card board that uses the Dune switch chip as the forwarding core is called the Dune switch line card board.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for interworking unicast packets between a Dune switch line card board and a flexible line card board according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a routing device including a Dune switch line card board and a flexible line card board according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of sending Layer 2 unicast packets that are accessed by a Dune switch line card through a flexible line card board according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of sending Layer 2 unicast packets that are accessed by a flexible line card board through a Dune switch line card board according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for interworking unicast packets between a Dune switch line card board and a flexible line card board according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the specific processing is as follows:
  • the flexible line card receives the first unicast packet encapsulating the Layer 2 header, and finds that the outbound interface of the next hop of the first unicast packet is located on the Dune switch line card.
  • the flexible line card encapsulates the new Layer 2 header according to the next hop of the first unicast packet, and encapsulates the first unicast packet encapsulating the new Layer 2 header with the inter-board communication header.
  • the first inter-board communication message with the Layer 2 PPH header.
  • the Layer 2 PPH header of the first inter-board communication packet carries the physical port identifier corresponding to the outbound interface of the next hop of the first unicast packet on the Dune switch line card.
  • Process 103 The flexible line card sends the first inter-board communication message to the Dune switch line card.
  • the Dune switch line card receives the first inter-board communication message, and removes the inter-board communication header and the second-layer PPH header of the first inter-board communication message.
  • the Dune switch line card sends the first unicast packet encapsulating the new Layer 2 header by using the physical port corresponding to the physical port identifier carried by the Layer 2 PPH header.
  • the Dune switch line card receives the second unicast packet encapsulating the second layer header, and finds that the outbound interface of the next hop of the second unicast packet is located on the flexible line card board;
  • the second unicast packet of the layer header adds an inter-board communication header and a Layer 2 PPH header to obtain a second inter-board communication packet, and sends the second inter-board communication packet to the flexible line card board.
  • the flexible line card receives the second inter-board communication message; the inter-board communication header and the second-layer PPH header of the second inter-board communication message are removed; and the next hop of the second unicast packet is the second unicast message.
  • a new Layer 2 header is encapsulated, and the second unicast packet encapsulated with the new Layer 2 header is sent through the outbound interface of the next hop of the second unicast packet on the local device.
  • the Dune switch line card board synchronizes the configuration information of the physical port of the Dune switch line card board to the flexible line card board.
  • the Dune switch line card sets the identifier of the receiving port of the second unicast packet encapsulating the layer 2 header in the layer 2 PPH header of the second board communication packet.
  • the flexible line card reads the identifier of the receiving port, and checks, according to the configuration information of the synchronized physical port, that the receiving port enables unicast forwarding of the second unicast packet.
  • the first unicast packet and the second unicast packet are one of the following unicast packets encapsulated with a Layer 2 header:
  • IPv4 unicast packets IPv6 unicast packets
  • MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching Protocol Label Switching
  • VLL Virtual Leased Line
  • MPLS VPLS Virtual Private LAN Service
  • MPLS L3VPN Layer3 Virtual Private Network
  • GRE Generic Routing Encapsulation
  • VxLAN Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a routing device including a Dune switch line card board and a flexible line card board according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the routing device 200 includes: a main control board 211, a backboard 212, flexible line cards 231-234, and Dune exchange line cards 241-243.
  • the Dune switch line cards 241-243 respectively, synchronize the physical port configuration information of the board to the flexible line cards 231-234 under the trigger of a drive module (not shown).
  • the flexible line cards 231-234 hold the physical port configuration information of the synchronized Dune switch line cards 241-243.
  • the physical port configuration information includes the forwarding mode enabled by the physical port, such as unicast. Forwarding table for learning between Dune exchange line card boards 241-243, flexible line card boards 231-234, and Dune exchange line card boards 241-243 and flexible line card boards 231-234 in the routing device Item, such as the MAC address table.
  • the central processing unit of the line card board synchronizes the forwarding entry of the forwarding chip of the board to the central processing unit of the other line card board, and stores the forwarding entry of the central processing unit of the other line card board in the memory of the forwarding chip of the board.
  • the central processing unit of the main control board 211 such as the CPU, synchronizes the forwarding entries learned by the board, such as the adjacency list and the FIB table, to the central processing unit of the flexible line card board 231-234 and the Dune exchange line card board 241-243.
  • the central processing unit of each of the flexible line card boards 231-234 and the Dune exchange line card boards 241-243 stores the entries synchronized from the main control board 211 in the memory of the forwarding chip of the board.
  • the inter-board communication packets forwarded by the Dune switch line card board 241-243 through the backplane can carry: Layer 2 PPH packets and Layer 3 PPH packets.
  • the inter-board communication packets forwarded by the Dune switch between the Dune switch line cards 241-243 and the flexible line cards 231-234 can carry Layer 2 PPH messages.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a Layer 2 unicast packet accessed by a Dune switch line card board sent through a flexible line card board according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the processing includes the following:
  • the flexible line card board 231 receives an IPv4 unicast packet encapsulating the Ethernet header from its physical port.
  • the flexible line card board 231 finds that the outbound interface of the next hop is located on the Dune switch line card board 243.
  • the flexible line card board 231 finds a MAC address entry that matches the destination MAC address of the Ethernet header. With a three-layer forwarding identifier, it is determined to perform Layer 3 forwarding.
  • the flexible line card board 231 finds the next hop IP address and the outbound interface of the destination IP address of the IPv4 unicast message in the FIB table, and finds the MAC address of the next hop IP address in the adjacency list.
  • the outbound interface that the flexible line card board 231 finds in the FIB table is global interface information, which is generated by the main control board and includes the slot number identifying the line card board and the port number identifying the physical port.
  • the flexible line card board 231 encapsulates a new Ethernet header for the received IPv4 unicast message according to the MAC address corresponding to the next hop IP address, and encapsulates the physics corresponding to the outbound interface for the IPv4 unicast packet encapsulating the new Ethernet header.
  • the Layer 2 PPH header of the port is identified; the inter-board communication header is re-encapsulated to obtain the inter-board communication message; and the inter-board communication packet is sent to the Dune exchange line card board 243.
  • the MAC address of the next hop of the flexible line card 231 encapsulates a new Ethernet header for the received IPv4 unicast packet.
  • the source MAC address is the address of the device, and the destination MAC address is the next hop IP address.
  • the MAC address of the next hop IP address found in the FIB table is converted into the port number of the physical port of the Dune switch line card board 243, and is carried in the Layer 2 PPH header.
  • the forwarding header of the inter-board communication packet for example, the source device and the destination device information are included in the Higig header.
  • the flexible line card board 231 sends the encapsulated inter-board communication message to the backplane, and sends it to the Dune switch line card board 243 through the inter-board communication line of the routing device.
  • the source device information in the Higig header of the inter-board communication packet sent by the flexible line card board 231 is the slot number of the flexible line card board 231, and the destination device information is the slot number of the Dune exchange line card board 243.
  • the Dune switch line card board 243 receives the inter-board communication message from the flexible line card board 231, removes the inter-board communication header and the Layer 2 PPH header, and sends the corresponding physical port through the physical port identifier in the Layer 2 PPH header.
  • the Dune switch line card board 243 receives the inter-board communication message of the inter-board communication packet, and determines the destination slot number of the Higig header of the received inter-board communication packet as the slot number of the line card board, according to the second layer PPH head.
  • the fixed offset value reads the physical port number in the Layer 2 PPH header, and sends the IPv4 unicast packet encapsulating the new Ethernet header through the physical port corresponding to the physical port number.
  • the Dune exchange line card board 243 does not need to perform any table lookup processing and modification of the message processing.
  • the flexible line card performs the packet forwarding entry query and modification, and carries the physical port identifier corresponding to the outgoing interface of the modified packet in the Layer 2 PPH header.
  • the Dune switch line card sends a flexible line card modification according to the physical port identifier carried by the Layer 2 PPH header of the inter-board communication packet. After the message.
  • the Dune switch line card does not need to look up the forwarding table, which saves forwarding efficiency.
  • FIG. 4 is a process of sending a Layer 2 unicast packet that is accessed by a flexible line card board through a Dune switch line card board according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and the specific processing is as follows:
  • the Dune switch line card board 241 receives the IPv4 unicast message encapsulating the Ethernet header.
  • the Dune switch line card board 241 finds that the outbound interface of the next hop of the received IPv4 unicast packet is located on the flexible line card board 234.
  • the Dune switch line card board 241 finds that the MAC address entry matching the destination MAC address of the Ethernet header has a layer 3 forwarding identifier, and determines to perform Layer 3 forwarding.
  • the Dune switch line card board 241 finds the IPv4 unicast packet in the FIB table.
  • the next hop IP address of the destination IP address and the outbound interface are determined by the slot number corresponding to the outbound interface.
  • the outbound interface of the next hop is located on the flexible line card board 234.
  • the forwarding chip of the Dune switch line card board 241 After the forwarding chip of the Dune switch line card board 241 searches for the forwarding entry, the IPv4 unicast packet encapsulated with the Ethernet header cannot be modified.
  • the forwarding chip of the Dune switch line card board 241 carries the identifier corresponding to the receiving port of the IPv4 unicast packet encapsulating the Ethernet header in the inbound interface field of the Layer 2 PPH header.
  • the forwarding chip of the Dune switch line card board 241 can also add the index of the found outbound interface and the adjacency list to the corresponding fields of the Layer 2 PPH header.
  • the forwarding chip of the Dune switch line card board 241 sets the inbound interface field of the Layer 2 PPH header according to the identifier of the receiving port of the packet, and keeps the default values for other fields of the Layer 2 PPH header.
  • the Dune switch line card board 241 encapsulates the IPv4 unicast packet encapsulating the Ethernet header into an inter-board communication message with an inter-board communication header and a Layer 2 PPH header, and sends the packet to the flexible line card board 234.
  • the flexible line card board 234 receives the inter-board communication message from the Dune switch line card board 241; removes the inter-board communication header of the inter-board communication message and the Layer 2 PPH header; according to the second unicast message A hop is used to encapsulate the new Layer 2 header of the second unicast packet, and the IPv4 unicast packet encapsulating the new Ethernet header is sent through the outbound interface of the next hop of the IPv4 unicast packet.
  • the flexible line card board 234 receives the inter-board communication message, and determines the destination device information of the Higig header of the received inter-board communication message as the slot number of the line card board.
  • the flexible line card board 234 reads the identifier of the receiving port of the inbound interface field of the Layer 2 PPH header in the inter-board communication packet according to the fixed offset value of the Layer 2 PPH, and searches for the port configuration information synchronized by the Dune switch line card board 241. Confirm that IPv4 unicast forwarding is enabled on the receiving port.
  • the flexible line card board 234 removes the Layer 2 PPH header and finds that the MAC address entry matching the destination MAC address of the Ethernet header has a Layer 3 forwarding identifier, determines to perform Layer 3 forwarding, and finds IPv4 in the FIB table.
  • the next hop IP address of the destination IP address of the unicast packet and the outbound interface find the MAC address of the next hop IP address in the adjacency list, and re-encapsulate the Ethernet header with the MAC address of the next hop as the destination MAC address.
  • the outbound interface on the board forwards the IPv4 unicast packets that re-encapsulate the Ethernet header.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by using an Ethernet-encapsulated IPv4 unicast packet as an example.
  • IPv4 unicast packet can be another Layer 2 link protocol packet header.
  • IPv6 unicast packet can also be an IPv6 unicast packet, a GRE unicast packet, a VxLAN unicast packet, or an MPLS VLL unicast packet. MPLS VPLS unicast packets and MPLS L3VPN unicast packets.

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Abstract

灵活线卡板接收封装了二层头的第一单播报文，查找到第一单播报文的下一跳的出接口位于Dune交换线卡板；根据第一单播报文的下一跳为第一单播报文封装新二层头，将封装了新二层头的第一单播报文封装为带有板间通信头和二层PPH头的第一板间通信报文。灵活线卡板将第一板间通信报文发送到Dune交换线卡板；其中，第一板间通信报文的二层PPH头携带了第一单播报文的下一跳的出接口在Dune交换线卡板对应的物理端口标识。Dune交换线卡板接收第一板间通信报文，移除第一板间通信报文的板间通信头和二层PPH头，通过物理端口标识对应的物理端口发送封装了新二层头的第一单播报文。

Description

报文转发 背景技术
从接口密度及成本角度出发，路由器板卡可分为两类，一类是可编程、可定制、以CPU(Central Processing Unit，中央处理单元)/FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array，现场可编程门阵列)/NP(Network Processor，网络处理器)为转发核心的灵活线卡板，另一类是功能相对固定、成本占优、以交换芯片为转发核心的交换线卡板。当同一系统中存在两种不同线卡板时，势必引入互通问题。
交换芯片包括：XGS架构的交换芯片(简称XGS交换芯片)和Dune架构的交换芯片(简称Dune交换芯片)。
Dune交换芯片在转发报文时，上行模块查询各种表项，例如，接口表、FIB(Forward Information Base，转发信息库)表、ILM(Incoming Label Map，输入标签映射)表等，但不对报文进行任何改动，然后在报文前面增加PPH(Packet Processing Header，报文处理头)，以携带修改信息，由下行模块完成实质性修改，例如增删标签、修改IP头、增加二层封装等。采用Dune交换芯片作为转发核心的线卡板称为Dune交换线卡板。
附图说明
图1为本申请一实施例提供的Dune交换线卡板与灵活线卡板间的单播报文互通方法示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的包含Dune交换线卡板与灵活线卡板的路由设备的示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的Dune交换线卡板接入的二层单播报文通过灵活线卡板发送的示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的灵活线卡板接入的二层单播报文通过Dune交换线卡板发送的示意图。
具体实施方式
图1为本申请一实施例提供的Dune交换线卡板与灵活线卡板间的单播报文互通方法示意图，其具体处理如下：
处理101：灵活线卡板接收封装了二层头的第一单播报文，查找到第一单播报文的下一跳的出接口位于Dune交换线卡板。
处理102：灵活线卡板根据第一单播报文的下一跳为第一单播报文封装新二层头，将封装了新二层头的第一单播报文封装为带有板间通信头和二层PPH头的第一板间通信报文。其中，第一板间通信报文的二层PPH头携带了第一单播报文的下一跳的出接口在该Dune交换线卡板对应的物理端口标识。
处理103：灵活线卡板将第一板间通信报文发送到该Dune交换线卡板。
处理104：Dune交换线卡板接收第一板间通信报文，移除第一板间通信报文的板间通信头和二层PPH头。
处理105：Dune交换线卡通过二层PPH头携带的物理端口标识对应的物理端口发送封装了新二层头的第一单播报文。
在本发明一实施例中，Dune交换线卡板接收封装了二层头的第二单播报文，查找到第二单播报文的下一跳的出接口位于灵活线卡板；为封装了二层头的第二单播报文添加板间通信头和二层PPH头，得到第二板间通信报文；将该第二板间通信报文发往该灵活线卡板。该灵活线卡板接收第二板间通信报文；移除第二板间通信报文的板间通信头和二层PPH头；根据第二单播报文的下一跳为第二单播报文封装新二层头，将封装了新二层头的第二单播报文通过本板上第二单播报文的下一跳的出接口发送。
在本发明一实施例中，Dune交换线卡板向灵活线卡板同步本Dune交换线卡板的物理端口的配置信息。处理101中，Dune交换线卡板在第二板间通信报文的二层PPH头设置封装了二层头的第二单播报文的接收端口的标识。处理102中，灵活线卡板读取所述接收端口的标识；根据所述同步的物理端口的配置信息检查所述接收端口使能了所述第二单播报文的单播转发。
第一单播报文以及第二单播报文为封装了二层头的如下单播报文之一：
IPv4单播报文，IPv6单播报文，MPLS(Multi-Protocol Label Switching，多 协议标签交换)VLL(Virtual Leased Line，虚拟租用线路)单播报文，MPLS VPLS(Virtual Private LAN Service，虚拟专用局域网业务)单播报文，MPLS L3VPN(Layer3 Virtual Private Network，三层虚拟专用网)单播报文，GRE(Generic Routing Encapsulation，通用路由封装)单播报文，VxLAN(Virtual eXtensible Local Area Network，虚拟扩展局域网)单播报文。
图2为本申请实施例提供的包含Dune交换线卡板与灵活线卡板的路由设备的示意图。如图2所示，该路由设备200包括：主控板211、背板212、灵活线卡板231-234以及Dune交换线卡板241-243。
Dune交换线卡板241-243在驱动模块(未示出)的触发下，各自将本板的物理端口配置信息同步到灵活线卡板231-234。灵活线卡板231-234保存同步的Dune交换线卡板241-243的物理端口配置信息。物理端口配置信息包括：物理端口使能的转发方式，如：单播等。Dune交换线卡板241-243之间、灵活线卡板231-234之间以及Dune交换线卡板241-243与灵活线卡板231-234之间在路由设备内相互同步各自学习的转发表项，譬如MAC地址表。这些线卡板的中央处理单元将本板转发芯片的转发表项同步到其他线卡板的中央处理单元，将其他线卡板的中央处理单元同步的转发表项存储在本板转发芯片的存储器。主控板211的中央处理单元，譬如CPU，将本板学习到的转发表项，譬如邻接表、FIB表同步到灵活线卡板231-234和Dune交换线卡板241-243的中央处理单元，灵活线卡板231-234和Dune交换线卡板241-243各自的中央处理单元将从主控板211同步来的表项存储在本板的转发芯片的存储器。Dune交换线卡板241-243之间通过背板转发的板间通信报文可承载：二层PPH报文和三层PPH报文。Dune交换线卡板241-243与灵活线卡板231-234之间通过背板转发的板间通信报文可承载二层PPH报文。
图3为本申请实施例提供的Dune交换线卡板接入的二层单播报文通过灵活线卡板发送的示意图，其包含的处理如下：
处理301：灵活线卡板231从自身物理端口接收封装了以太网头的IPv4单播报文。
处理302：灵活线卡板231查找到下一跳的出接口位于Dune交换线卡板243。
灵活线卡板231查找到该以太网头的目的MAC地址匹配的MAC地址表项 带有三层转发标识，确定执行三层转发。灵活线卡板231在FIB表查找到IPv4单播报文的目的IP地址的下一跳IP地址以及出接口，在邻接表中查找到下一跳IP地址的MAC地址。譬如，灵活线卡板231在FIB表中查找到的出接口是全局接口信息，是由主控板生成的且包含识别线卡板的槽位号以及识别物理端口的端口号。
处理303：灵活线卡板231根据下一跳IP地址对应的MAC地址为收到的IPv4单播报文封装新以太网报头；为封装新以太网头的IPv4单播报文封装包含出接口对应的物理端口标识的二层PPH头；再封装板间通信头，得到板间通信报文；将板间通信报文发往Dune交换线卡板243。
灵活线卡板231以下一跳的MAC地址为目的MAC地址为收到的IPv4单播报文封装新的以太网头；其中，源MAC地址为本设备地址，目的MAC地址是下一跳IP地址对应的MAC地址；将FIB表中查到的下一跳IP地址对应出接口转换成在Dune交换线卡板243的物理端口的端口号，携带在二层PPH头中。
在路由设备中，板间通信报文的转发头，譬如Higig头中包含源设备和目的设备信息。灵活线卡板231将封装后的板间通信报文发往背板，通过路由设备内部板间通信线路发往了Dune交换线卡板243。灵活线卡板231发送的板间通信报文的Higig头中源设备信息是灵活线卡板231的槽位号，目的设备信息是Dune交换线卡板243的槽位号。
处理304：Dune交换线卡板243接收来自灵活线卡板231的板间通信报文，移除板间通信头和二层PPH头，通过二层PPH头中的物理端口标识对应的物理端口发送封装了新以太网头的IPv4单播报文。
Dune交换线卡板243收到跨板的板间通信报文，确定收到的板间通信报文的Higig头的目的槽位号为本线卡板的槽位号，根据二层PPH头的固定偏移值读取二层PPH头中物理端口号，通过读取的物理端口号对应的物理端口发送封装了新以太网头的IPv4单播报文。Dune交换线卡板243无需进行任何查表处理和修改报文的处理。
通过图3所示的转发处理，灵活线卡板执行了报文转发表项查询、修改并将修改后的报文的出接口对应的物理端口标识携带在二层PPH头中。Dune交换线卡板根据板间通信报文的二层PPH头携带的物理端口标识发送灵活线卡板修改 后的报文。图3中，Dune交换线卡板即无需查找转发表，节约转发效率。
图4为本申请实施例提供的灵活线卡板接入的二层单播报文通过Dune交换线卡板发送的处理过程，其具体处理如下：
处理401：Dune交换线卡板241接收封装了以太网头的IPv4单播报文。
处理402：Dune交换线卡板241查找到收到的IPv4单播报文的下一跳的出接口位于灵活线卡板234。
Dune交换线卡板241查找到该以太网头的目的MAC地址匹配的MAC地址表项带有三层转发标识，确定执行三层转发；Dune交换线卡板241在FIB表查找到IPv4单播报文的目的IP地址的下一跳IP地址以及出接口，根据出接口对应的槽位号确定下一跳的出接口位于灵活线卡板234。
Dune交换线卡板241的转发芯片查找转发表项后，无法对封装了以太网头的IPv4单播报文进行改动。Dune交换线卡板241的转发芯片将封装了以太网头的IPv4单播报文的接收端口对应的标识携带在二层PPH头的入接口字段中。Dune交换线卡板241的转发芯片也可以将查找到的出接口以及邻接表的索引添加在二层PPH头的相应字段。或者，Dune交换线卡板241的转发芯片根据报文的接收端口的标识设置二层PPH头的入接口字段，对二层PPH头的其他字段保持默认值。
处理403：Dune交换线卡板241将封装了以太网头的IPv4单播报文封装为带有板间通信头和二层PPH头的板间通信报文，发往灵活线卡板234。
处理404：灵活线卡板234收到来自Dune交换线卡板241的板间通信报文；移除板间通信报文的板间通信头和二层PPH头；根据第二单播报文的下一跳为所述第二单播报文封装新二层头，将封装了新以太网头的IPv4单播报文通过本板上到达IPv4单播报文的下一跳的出接口发送。
灵活线卡板234收到板间通信报文，确定收到的板间通信报文的Higig头的目的设备信息为本线卡板的槽位号。灵活线卡板234根据二层PPH的固定偏移值读取板间通信报文中二层PPH头中入接口字段的接收端口的标识，查找Dune交换线卡板241同步来的端口配置信息，确认接收端口已使能了IPv4协议单播转发。灵活线卡板234移除二层PPH头，查找到以太网头的目的MAC地址匹配的MAC地址表项带有三层转发标识，确定执行三层转发，在FIB表查找到IPv4 单播报文的目的IP地址的下一跳IP地址以及出接口，在邻接表中查找到下一跳IP地址的MAC地址，以下一跳的MAC地址为目的MAC地址重新封装以太网头，通过本板上的出接口转发重新封装以太网头的IPv4单播报文。
从图4的实施例可以看出：虽然PPH头中各字段的定义复杂，含义多变。但是Dune交换线卡板从自身物理端口接收到单播报文时，执行表项查找后发现报文的出接口位于灵活线卡板上，不对该二层单播报文进行修改，也无需在PPH头携带指示灵活线卡板转发处理的控制信息。Dune交换线卡板通过板间通信的信道将收到的报文发往灵活线卡板。图4中，灵活线卡板不需要完全解析PPH头，也不需要根据PPH头指示修改报文，而是从PPH头获取入接口，再直接跳过PPH头获取原始报文，将原始报文看作本板接入的报文，在本板执行表项查找，报文修改并通过本板的物理端口发送，无需解析复杂的PPH头的全部字段以获取各种报文修改和转发指示，极大降低了灵活线卡板的实现复杂度。
本发明图2-图4的实施例采用以太网封装的IPv4单播报文为例对本发明的实施进行了说明，本领域技术人员可根据本发明实施方式进行其他变换。譬如，除了以太网头以外还可以是其他二层链路协议报文头，除IPv4单播报文外，还可以是IPv6单播报文、GRE单播报文、VxLAN单播报文、MPLS VLL单播报文、MPLS VPLS单播报文、MPLS L3VPN单播报文。
以上所述仅为本申请的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本申请，凡在本申请的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本申请保护的范围之内。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种报文转发方法，其特征在于，该方法包括：
    灵活线卡板接收封装了二层头的第一单播报文，查找到第一单播报文的下一跳的出接口位于Dune交换线卡板；根据所述第一单播报文的下一跳为所述第一单播报文封装新二层头，将所述封装了新二层头的第一单播报文封装为带有板间通信头和二层PPH头的第一板间通信报文；将所述第一板间通信报文发送到所述Dune交换线卡板；其中，所述第一板间通信报文的二层PPH头携带了所述第一单播报文的下一跳的出接口在所述Dune交换线卡板对应的物理端口标识；
    所述Dune交换线卡板接收所述第一板间通信报文，移除所述第一板间通信报文的板间通信头和二层PPH头，通过所述物理端口标识对应的物理端口发送封装了新二层头的第一单播报文。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述Dune交换线卡板接收封装了二层头的第二单播报文，查找到所述第二单播报文的下一跳的出接口位于所述灵活线卡板；将所述封装了二层头的第二单播报文封装为带有板间通信头和二层PPH头的第二板间通信报文；将所述第二板间通信报文发往所述灵活线卡板；
    所述灵活线卡板接收所述第二板间通信报文；移除所述第二板间通信报文的板间通信头和二层PPH头；根据所述第二单播报文的下一跳为所述第二单播报文封装新二层头，将封装了新二层头的第二单播报文通过本板上所述第二单播报文的下一跳的出接口发送。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一单播报文以及第二单播报文为如下单播报文之一：
    IPv4单播报文，IPv6单播报文，多协议标签交换MPLS虚拟租用线路VLL单播报文，MPLS虚拟专用局域网业务VPLS单播报文，MPLS三层虚拟专用网L3VPN单播报文，通用路由封装GRE单播报文，虚拟扩展局域网VxLAN单播报文。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：所述Dune交换线卡板向所述灵活线卡板同步所述Dune交换线卡板的物理端口的配置 信息，所述Dune交换线卡板在所述第二板间通信报文的二层PPH头设置所述封装了二层头的第二单播报文的接收端口的标识；
    所述灵活线卡板读取所述接收端口的标识；根据所述同步的物理端口的配置信息检查所述接收端口使能了所述第二单播报文的单播转发。
  5. 一种报文转发设备，其特征在于，该设备包括灵活线卡板和Dune交换线卡板，其中，
    灵活线卡板，接收封装了二层头的第一单播报文，查找到第一单播报文的下一跳的出接口位于所述Dune交换线卡板；根据所述第一单播报文的下一跳为所述第一单播报文封装新二层头，将所述封装了新二层头的第一单播报文封装为带有板间通信头和二层PPH头的第一板间通信报文；将所述第一板间通信报文发送到所述Dune交换线卡板；其中，所述第一板间通信报文的二层PPH头携带了所述第一单播报文的下一跳的出接口在所述Dune交换线卡板对应的物理端口标识；
    Dune交换线卡板，接收所述第一板间通信报文，移除所述第一板间通信报文的板间通信头和二层PPH头，通过所述物理端口标识对应的物理端口发送封装了新二层头的第一单播报文。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的设备，其特征在于，
    所述Dune交换线卡板进一步用于，接收封装了二层头的第二单播报文，查找到所述第二单播报文的下一跳的出接口位于所述灵活线卡板；将所述封装了二层头的第二单播报文封装为带有板间通信头和二层PPH头的第二板间通信报文；将所述第二板间通信报文发往所述灵活线卡板；
    所述灵活线卡板进一步用于，接收所述第二板间通信报文；移除所述第二板间通信报文的板间通信头和二层PPH头；根据所述第二单播报文的下一跳为所述第二单播报文封装新二层头，将封装了新二层头的第二单播报文通过本板上所述第二单播报文的下一跳的出接口发送。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的设备，其特征在于，所述第一单播报文以及第二单播报文为如下单播报文之一：
    IPv4单播报文，IPv6单播报文，多协议标签交换MPLS虚拟租用线路VLL单播报文，MPLS虚拟专用局域网业务VPLS单播报文，MPLS三层虚 拟专用网L3VPN单播报文，通用路由封装GRE单播报文，虚拟扩展局域网VxLAN单播报文。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的设备，其特征在于，
    所述Dune交换线卡板进一步用于，向所述灵活线卡板同步所述Dune交换线卡板的物理端口的配置信息，且，在所述第二板间通信报文的二层PPH头设置所述封装了二层头的第二单播报文的接收端口的标识；
    所述灵活线卡板进一步用于，读取所述接收端口的标识；根据所述同步的物理端口的配置信息检查所述接收端口使能了所述第二单播报文的单播转发。
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