WO2016192236A1 - 一种获取信道参数的方法和装置 - Google Patents

一种获取信道参数的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016192236A1
WO2016192236A1 PCT/CN2015/089461 CN2015089461W WO2016192236A1 WO 2016192236 A1 WO2016192236 A1 WO 2016192236A1 CN 2015089461 W CN2015089461 W CN 2015089461W WO 2016192236 A1 WO2016192236 A1 WO 2016192236A1
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base station
terminals
range
antenna
beacon signal
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PCT/CN2015/089461
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English (en)
French (fr)
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陈侃浩
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0617—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal for beam forming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0621—Feedback content
    • H04B7/0632—Channel quality parameters, e.g. channel quality indicator [CQI]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
    • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
    • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00—Local resource management
    • H04W72/20—Control channels or signalling for resource management
    • H04W72/23—Control channels or signalling for resource management in the downlink direction of a wireless link, i.e. towards a terminal
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
    • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
    • H04B7/0615—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal
    • H04B7/0619—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission of weighted versions of same signal using feedback from receiving side
    • H04B7/0658—Feedback reduction
    • H04B7/066—Combined feedback for a number of channels, e.g. over several subcarriers like in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing [OFDM]

Definitions

  • This document relates to, but is not limited to, the field of wireless communications, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for acquiring channel parameters.
  • the terminal sends a sounding reference signal (SRS) to the base station; the base station determines the channel parameter according to the received SRS.
  • SRS sounding reference signal
  • the obtained channel parameter belongs to the uplink channel parameter.
  • the channel parameter is used for the downlink data transmission in the FDD application scenario, there is a great error, which is fundamental. Unable to commercial.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and apparatus for acquiring channel parameters to solve the technical problem of how to improve the accuracy of acquired channel parameters.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method for acquiring channel parameters, including:
  • the base station transmits a beacon signal of each antenna to all terminals in the range of the base station;
  • the base station receives channel parameters from all terminals within the range of the base station.
  • it also includes:
  • the base station generates a shaping parameter according to the received channel parameters.
  • the generating, by the base station, the shaping parameter according to the received channel parameter includes:
  • the base station according to the formula Generating the shaping parameter
  • W is the shaping parameter
  • H T is a channel response matrix of each antenna of the base station to each terminal
  • h Tmn is the channel response of the transmitter m of the base station to the terminal n
  • N is the number of the terminals
  • M is the number of antennas of the base station.
  • it also includes:
  • the base station uses the shaping parameter to shape measurement data or downlink data of all terminals in the range of the base station, and then sends the data to all terminals in the range of the base station.
  • the base station uses the shaping parameter to shape the measurement data of all terminals in the range of the base station, and then sends the measurement data to all the terminals in the range of the base station, including:
  • the base station uses the shaping parameter to shape the measurement data of all the terminals in the range of the base station, and then sends the resources allocated to all the terminals in the range of the base station to all the terminals in the range of the base station.
  • the resource allocated to all terminals in the range of the base station is a resource block RB of the physical downlink shared channel PDSCH numbered 6n to 6n+5; where n is the terminal number.
  • the base station sends the beacon signal of each antenna to all terminals in the range of the base station, including:
  • the base station according to the formula Transmitting respective beacon signals of each of the antennas to all terminals in the range of the base station;
  • a m (t) is the beacon signal of the antenna m of the base station
  • d u (k) is the Zadoff-Chu sequence of the subcarrier k
  • u is the cell identifier
  • k is the subcarrier number
  • K is the number of subcarriers
  • m is the number of the antenna of the base station
  • t is time
  • N CP is the cyclic prefix length
  • T s is the sampling time interval
  • ⁇ is the subcarrier spacing.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a method for acquiring channel parameters, including:
  • the terminal calculates a channel parameter according to the received beacon signal, and transmits the calculated channel parameter to the base station.
  • it also includes:
  • the terminal receives downlink data or measurement data from the base station.
  • the calculating, by the terminal, the channel parameters according to the received beacon signal includes:
  • the terminal performs related processing on an initial phase of each subcarrier
  • the terminal acquires a channel response of each antenna of the base station to itself according to a complex value of the beacon signal of each antenna.
  • the sending, to the base station, the calculated channel parameter includes:
  • the terminal sends the calculated channel parameter to the base station by using a physical random access channel (PRACH) allocated by the base station.
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for acquiring channel parameters, including:
  • a first sending module configured to send a beacon signal of each antenna to all terminals in its own range
  • the first receiving module is configured to receive channel parameters from all terminals within its range.
  • it also includes:
  • a generating module is configured to generate a shaping parameter based on the received channel parameters.
  • the generating module is configured to:
  • W is the shaping parameter
  • H T is a channel response matrix of each antenna to each terminal
  • h Tmn is the channel response of the transmitter m to the terminal n
  • N is the number of the terminals
  • M is the number of antennas.
  • the first sending module is further configured to:
  • the measurement data or downlink data of all terminals in its own range is shaped by the shaping parameter and sent to all terminals in the range.
  • the first sending module is further configured to:
  • the resources allocated to all the terminals in the range are sent to all the terminals in the range.
  • the first sending module is configured to send each beacon signal of each antenna to all terminals in its range by:
  • a m (t) is the beacon signal of the antenna m
  • d u (k) is the Zadoff-Chu sequence of the subcarrier k
  • u is the cell identifier
  • k is the subcarrier number
  • K is the number of subcarriers
  • m is the antenna
  • the number, t is the time
  • N CP is the cyclic prefix length
  • T s is the sampling time interval
  • ⁇ is the subcarrier spacing.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for acquiring channel parameters, including:
  • a second receiving module configured to receive a beacon signal from the base station
  • a calculation module configured to calculate a channel parameter according to the received beacon signal
  • the second sending module is configured to send the calculated channel parameter to the base station.
  • the second receiving module is further configured to:
  • Downlink data or measurement data from the base station is received.
  • the computing module is configured to:
  • the second sending module is configured to:
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions are used to execute the above method.
  • the embodiment of the present invention includes: the base station transmits a beacon signal of each antenna to all terminals in the range of the base station; and the base station receives channel parameters from all terminals in the range of the base station.
  • the base station sends the beacon signal of each antenna to all the ranges in the base station, and receives channel parameters from all terminals in the range of the base station, since the channel parameter from the terminal is a downlink channel parameter, Therefore, the accuracy is improved.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for acquiring channel parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a downlink data frame structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an uplink data frame structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for acquiring channel parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another apparatus for acquiring channel parameters according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for acquiring channel parameters, including:
  • Step 100 The base station separately sends a beacon signal of each antenna to all terminals in the range of the base station.
  • the beacon signals of each antenna are orthogonal to each other.
  • the base station sends a beacon signal of each antenna to all terminals in the range of the base station according to formula (1).
  • a m (t) is the beacon signal of the antenna m of the base station
  • d u (k) is the Zadoff-Chu sequence
  • u is the cell identifier
  • k is the subcarrier number
  • K is the number of subcarriers
  • m is the antenna of the base station
  • the number, t is the time
  • N CP is the cyclic prefix length
  • T s is the sampling time interval
  • ⁇ is the subcarrier spacing.
  • the base station is a 20 megahertz (MHz) Long Term Evolved (LTE) base station
  • the subcarrier spacing ⁇ 15 KHz.
  • T s 1/30.72MHz
  • t 0
  • T s , 2T s ,...,(2048+N CP )T s ,N CP 144
  • m 1,2,...,M;M ⁇ 64,64
  • the total number of base station antennas can calculate the beacon signal of the antenna m of the base station.
  • the base station may send a beacon signal of each antenna to all terminals in the range of the base station through the downlink data frame.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a downlink data frame structure. As shown in FIG. 2, each downlink data frame includes 10 subframes, and each subframe includes 14 symbols. Alternatively, the beacon signal may be transmitted in the subframe 13 or the symbol 13 of the subframe 5.
  • Step 101 Each terminal calculates a channel parameter according to the received beacon signal from the base station, and sends the calculated channel parameter to the base station.
  • each terminal calculates channel parameters according to the received beacon signal from the base station, including:
  • Each terminal performs a Fourier transform on the beacon signal to obtain an initial phase of each subcarrier;
  • Each terminal performs correlation processing on the initial phase of each subcarrier;
  • each terminal performs inverse Fourier transform on the initial phase of each subcarrier after correlation to obtain a complex value of the beacon signal of each antenna;
  • the terminal obtains the channel response of each antenna of the base station to each terminal according to the complex value of the beacon signal of each antenna.
  • the beacon signal received by each terminal is the sum of the beacon signals of each antenna, namely:
  • h Tmn is the channel response of the transmitter m to the terminal n of the base station
  • M is the number of antennas of the base station.
  • h Tmn h pmn h tm
  • h pmn the air channel response of the antenna m to the terminal n of the base station
  • h tm the channel response of the transmitter m of the base station.
  • h pmn is determined according to the uplink SRS signal sent by the terminal and the uplink antenna correction of the base station itself
  • h tm is determined according to the downlink antenna correction of the base station.
  • the initial phase of each subcarrier is:
  • p n (k) is the initial phase of the subcarrier k of the terminal n.
  • the terminal performs related processing on the initial phase of each subcarrier, including:
  • the terminal performs correlation processing on the initial phase of each subcarrier according to formula (4).
  • the terminal performs inverse Fourier transform on the initial phase of each subcarrier after the correlation process to obtain a complex value of the beacon signal of each antenna, including:
  • Each terminal performs an inverse Fourier transform according to equation (5).
  • m' takes 0 to (K-1) in sequence
  • a sequence of length K is obtained after Fourier transformation.
  • the terminal obtains the channel response of each antenna to each terminal of the base station according to the complex value of the beacon signal of each antenna, including:
  • the terminal calculates the amplitude of the inverse Fourier transform sequence (ie, the sequence of complex values of the beacon signals of each antenna), and calculates the original complex value corresponding to the M peaks in the sequence for each antenna to each Channel response of the terminals.
  • sending the calculated channel parameters to the base station includes:
  • the terminal transmits the calculated channel parameters to the base station through a physical random access channel (PRACH) allocated by the base station.
  • PRACH physical random access channel
  • the base station can allocate a PRACH (random access channel) channel to each terminal in the frequency domain to feed back channel response parameters.
  • the terminal modulates the calculated channel parameters to a random access preamble corresponding to the PRACH allocated by the base station, where the transmitter of each base station corresponds to a preamble, that is, the terminal modulates h T1n to preamble1, and modulates h T2n to Preamble2 , ..., modulates hTMn to preambleM, and then the terminal combines (e.g., sums) each modulated preamble into Pn, that is, formula (6), and transmits Pn to the base station through the allocated PRACH.
  • the base station After receiving the Pn sent by the terminal, the base station performs Fourier transform, correlation calculation (ie, two-sequence conjugate multiplication calculation), inverse Fourier transform, and amplitude calculation on Pn, according to M peaks in the amplitude.
  • the corresponding channel response is the channel response of each antenna to the terminal.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an uplink data frame structure. As shown in FIG. 3, each uplink data frame includes 10 subframes, and each subframe includes 14 symbols. Alternatively, channel parameters may be fed back in symbols 1 and 13 of subframe 1 or subframe 6. Each terminal can occupy 6 resource blocks RB in symbols 12 and 13.
  • the base station demodulates each preamble and recovers the h Tmn modulated thereon, so that the base station can obtain the channel response matrix of each antenna of the base station to each terminal, that is, H T , that is,
  • H t is the transmitter channel response matrix
  • H P is the air channel response matrix from each antenna to each terminal, ie
  • the method further includes:
  • Step 102 The base station generates a shaping parameter according to the received channel parameter.
  • the base station generates a shaping parameter according to formula (10).
  • W is the shaping parameter
  • the method further includes:
  • Step 103 The base station uses the shaping parameter to shape measurement data or downlink data of all terminals in the range of the base station, and then sends the data to all terminals in the range of the base station.
  • the base station uses the shaping parameter to shape the measurement data of all the terminals in the base station and then sends the measurement data to all the terminals in the range of the base station, including:
  • the base station uses the shaping parameter to shape the measurement data of all the terminals in the base station, and then sends the resources allocated to each terminal to all the terminals in the range of the base station.
  • the resource allocated to each terminal in the range of the base station is a resource block (RB, Resource Block) numbered 6n to 6n+5 of the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), where n is the terminal number. .
  • RB Resource Block
  • PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
  • the method of the embodiment of the present invention can be used for testing of Massive MIMO.
  • the test process is as follows: First, the base station establishes N virtual users and transmits beacon signals to these users (terminals). A signal analyzer (ie, one of the virtual users) receives and demodulates these beacon signals to obtain a channel response h Tmn for each base station antenna. These h Tmn modulations are then transmitted to the base station on the n#PRACH by the signal source (while other randomly generated channel parameter data is also modulated on the PRACH of other users and sent to the base station). After receiving the h Tmn , the base station calculates the shaping coefficient, and shapes each user's data to form a beam to the corresponding terminal after passing through the air channel.
  • the signal analyzer should be able to receive the downlink signal sent to him by the base station at the RB position 6n ⁇ 6n+5.
  • Changing the PRACH channel number modulated by the channel response parameter should observe that the RB position of the PDSCH signal will also change accordingly, and the adjacent channel leakage power of the signal can directly reflect the orthogonality between the terminal signals.
  • the orthogonality of the base station shaping can be evaluated.
  • the coverage capability of the Massive MIMO base station can be evaluated.
  • the embodiment of the invention further provides a computer storage medium, wherein the computer storage medium stores computer executable instructions, and the computer executable instructions are used to execute the above method.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for acquiring a channel parameter, which can be set in a base station, and includes:
  • a first sending module configured to send a beacon signal of each antenna to all terminals in its own range
  • the first receiving module is configured to receive channel parameters from all terminals within its range.
  • a generating module is configured to generate a shaping parameter based on the received channel parameters.
  • the generating module is set to:
  • W is a shaping parameter and H T is a channel response matrix from each antenna to each terminal;
  • h Tmn is the channel response of the transmitter m to the terminal n
  • N is the number of terminals
  • M is the number of antennas.
  • the first sending module is further configured to:
  • the shaping data is used to shape the measurement data or downlink data of all terminals in its own range and then send it to all terminals in its own range.
  • the first sending module is further configured to:
  • the resources allocated to each terminal are transmitted to all terminals in its own range.
  • each beacon signal of each antenna is sent to all terminals in its own range:
  • a m (t) is the beacon signal of the antenna m
  • d u (k) is the Zadoff-Chu sequence of the subcarrier k
  • u is the cell identifier
  • k is the subcarrier number
  • K is the number of subcarriers
  • m is the antenna
  • the number, t is the time
  • N CP is the cyclic prefix length
  • T s is the sampling time interval
  • ⁇ is the subcarrier spacing.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for acquiring channel parameters, which can be set in a terminal, including:
  • a second receiving module configured to receive a beacon signal from the base station
  • a calculation module configured to calculate a channel parameter according to the received beacon signal
  • the second sending module is configured to send the calculated channel parameter to the base station.
  • the second receiving module is further configured to:
  • the calculation module is set as:
  • the second sending module is configured to:
  • the calculated channel parameters are transmitted to the base station by the physical random access channel PRACH allocated by the base station.
  • all or part of the steps of the above embodiments may also be implemented by using an integrated circuit. These steps may be separately fabricated into individual integrated circuit modules, or multiple modules or steps may be fabricated into a single integrated circuit module. achieve.
  • the devices/function modules/functional units in the above embodiments may be implemented by a general-purpose computing device, which may be centralized on a single computing device or distributed over a network of multiple computing devices.
  • each device/function module/functional unit in the above embodiment When each device/function module/functional unit in the above embodiment is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
  • the above mentioned computer readable storage medium may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.
  • the above technical solution achieves an improvement in the accuracy of channel parameters from the terminal.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

一种获取信道参数的方法和装置，包括：基站将每根天线各自的信标信号发送给基站范围内的所有终端；基站接收到来自基站范围内的所有终端的信道参数。通过本发明实施例的方案，基站将每根天线各自的信标信号发送给基站范围内的所有终端，并接收来自基站范围内所有终端的信道参数，由于来自终端的信道参数是下行信道参数，因此，提高了精度。

Description

一种获取信道参数的方法和装置 技术领域
本文涉及但不限于无线通信领域，尤指一种获取信道参数的方法和装置。
背景技术
随着无线通讯技术的进一步演进，大规模多进多出(Massive MIMO，Massive Multiple-In Multiple-Out)技术进入了人们的视野，该技术可以成倍地提高频谱效率，但同时大规模天线的校正、反馈和测量也成为该技术实用化的瓶颈。为绕开这一难题，一般将该技术应用于时分双工(TDD，Time Division Duplexing)模式，从而这限制了该技术的其他应用，例如，在频分双工(FDD，Frequency Division Duplexing)中的应用。
为了实现Massive MIMO，首先需要获取基站每个天线和终端之间的信道参数。相关的获取信道参数的方法大致包括：
终端向基站发送探测参考信号(SRS，Sounding Reference Signal)；基站根据接收到的SRS确定信道参数。
相关的获取信道参数的方法中，由于终端发送SRS属于上行信息，得到的信道参数属于上行信道参数，当在FDD应用场景中利用该信道参数进行下行数据的传输时，会存在极大误差，根本无法商用。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本发明实施例提出了一种获取信道参数的方法和装置，以解决如何能够提高获取的信道参数精度的技术问题。
本发明实施例提出了一种获取信道参数的方法，包括：
基站将每根天线各自的信标信号发送给基站范围内的所有终端；
基站接收到来自基站范围内的所有终端的信道参数。
可选地，还包括：
所述基站根据接收到的信道参数生成赋形参数。
可选地，所述基站根据接收到的信道参数生成赋形参数包括：
所述基站按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000001
生成所述赋形参数；
其中，W为所述赋形参数，HT为所述基站每个天线到所述每个终端的信道响应矩阵；
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000002
其中，hTmn为所述基站的发射机m到所述终端n的信道响应，N为所述终端的数目，M为所述基站的天线的数目。
可选地，还包括：
所述基站采用所述赋形参数对所述基站范围内的所有终端的测量数据或下行数据赋形后发送给所述基站范围内的所有终端。
可选地，所述基站采用赋形参数对基站范围内的所有终端的测量数据赋形后发送给基站范围内的所有终端包括：
所述基站采用所述赋形参数对所述基站范围内的所有终端的测量数据赋形后，通过分配给所述基站范围内的所有终端的资源发送给所述基站范围内的所有终端。
可选地，所述分配给基站范围内的所有终端的资源为物理下行共享信道PDSCH的编号为6n到6n+5的资源块RB；其中，n为所述终端编号。
可选地，所述基站将每根天线各自的信标信号发送给基站范围内的所有终端包括：
所述基站按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000003
向所述基站范围内的所有终端发送所述每根天线各自的信标信号；
其中，Am(t)为所述基站的天线m的信标信号，du(k)为子载波k的Zadoff-Chu序列，u为小区标识，k为子载波序号，K为子载波数目，m为所述基站的天线的编号，t为时间，NCP为循环前缀长度，Ts为采样时间间隔,Δω是子载波间隔。
本发明实施例还提出了一种获取信道参数的方法，包括：
终端接收到来自基站的信标信号；
终端根据接收到的信标信号计算信道参数，并将计算得到的信道参数发送给基站。
可选地，还包括：
所述终端接收到来自所述基站的下行数据或测量数据。
可选地，所述终端根据接收到的信标信号计算信道参数包括：
所述终端对所述信标信号进行傅里叶变换得到所述每个子载波的初始相位；
所述终端对所述每个子载波的初始相位进行相关处理；
所述终端对相关处理后的每个子载波的初始相位进行傅里叶逆变换，得到每个天线的信标信号的复数值；
所述终端根据所述每个天线的信标信号的复数值获取所述基站的每个天线到自身的信道响应。
可选地，所述将计算得到的信道参数发送给基站包括：
所述终端通过所述基站分配的物理随机接入信道PRACH将计算得到的信道参数发送给所述基站。
本发明实施例还提出了一种获取信道参数的装置，包括：
第一发送模块，设置为将每根天线各自的信标信号发送给自身范围内的所有终端；
第一接收模块，设置为接收到来自自身范围内的所有终端的信道参数。
可选地，还包括：
生成模块，设置为根据接收到的信道参数生成赋形参数。
可选地，所述生成模块是设置为：
按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000004
生成所述赋形参数；
其中，W为所述赋形参数，HT为每个天线到所述每个终端的信道响应矩阵；
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000005
其中，hTmn为发射机m到所述终端n的信道响应，N为所述终端的数目，M为天线的数目。
可选地，所述第一发送模块还设置为：
采用所述赋形参数对自身范围内的所有终端的测量数据或下行数据赋形后发送给所述自身范围内的所有终端。
可选地，所述第一发送模块还设置为：
采用所述赋形参数对所述自身范围内的所有终端的测量数据赋形后，通过分配给所述自身范围内的所有终端的资源发送给所述自身范围内的所有终端。
可选地，第一发送模块是设置为通过如下方式实现将每根天线各自的信标信号发送给自身范围内的所有终端：
按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000006
向所述自身范围内的所有终端发送所述每根天线各自的信标信号；
其中，Am(t)为天线m的信标信号，du(k)为子载波k的Zadoff-Chu序列，u为小区标识，k为子载波序号，K为子载波数目，m为天线的编号，t为时间，NCP为循环前缀长度，Ts为采样时间间隔，Δω是子载波间隔。
本发明实施例还提出了一种获取信道参数的装置，包括：
第二接收模块，设置为接收到来自基站的信标信号；
计算模块，设置为根据接收到的信标信号计算信道参数；
第二发送模块，设置为将计算得到的信道参数发送给基站。
可选地，所述第二接收模块还设置为：
接收到来自所述基站的下行数据或测量数据。
可选地，所述计算模块是设置为：
对所述信标信号进行傅里叶变换得到所述每个子载波的初始相位；对所述每个子载波的初始相位进行相关处理；对相关处理后的每个子载波的初始相位进行傅里叶逆变换，得到每个天线的信标信号的复数值；根据所述每个天线的信标信号的复数值获取所述基站每个天线到自身的信道响应。
可选地，所述第二发送模块是设置为：
通过所述基站分配的物理随机接入信道PRACH将计算得到的信道参数发送给所述基站。
本发明实施例还提出了一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行上述的方法。
与相关技术相比，本发明实施例包括：基站将每根天线各自的信标信号发送给基站范围内的所有终端；基站接收到来自基站范围内的所有终端的信道参数。通过本发明实施例的方案，基站将每根天线各自的信标信号发送给基站范围内的所有，并接收来自基站范围内的所有终端的信道参数，由于来自终端的信道参数是下行信道参数，因此，提高了精度。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图概述
图1为本发明实施例获取信道参数的方法的流程图；
图2为本发明实施例下行数据帧结构的示意图；
图3为本发明实施例上行数据帧结构的示意图；
图4为本发明实施例获取信道参数的装置的结构组成示意图；
图5为本发明实施例另一种获取信道参数的装置的结构组成示意图。
本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图对本申请作进一步的描述，并不能用来限制本申请的保护范围。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的方式可以相互组合。
参见图1，本发明实施例提出了一种获取信道参数的方法，包括：
步骤100、基站将每根天线各自的信标信号分别发送给基站范围内的所有终端。
本步骤中，每根天线各自的信标信号之间相互正交。可选的，基站按照公式(1)将每根天线各自的信标信号发送给基站范围内的所有终端。
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000007
其中，Am(t)为基站的天线m的信标信号，du(k)为Zadoff-Chu序列，u为小区标识，k为子载波序号，K为子载波数目，m为基站的天线的编号，t为时间，NCP为循环前缀长度，Ts为采样时间间隔,Δω是子载波间隔。
例如，当基站为20兆赫兹(MHz)的长期演进(LTE，Long Term Evolved)基站时，该基站的子载波数目K＝1201，子载波间隔Δω＝15KHz，
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000008
Ts＝1/30.72MHz，t＝0,Ts，2Ts,…,(2048+NCP)Ts，NCP＝144，m＝1,2,…,M；M≤64，64为基站天线总数，根据上述公式(1)就可以计算出该基站的天线m的信标信号。
本步骤中，基站可以通过下行数据帧向基站范围内的所有终端发送每根天线各自的信标信号。例如，图2为下行数据帧结构的示意图。如图2所示，每一个下行数据帧包括10个子帧，每一个子帧包括14个符号，可选的，可以在子帧0或子帧5的符号13中发射信标信号。
步骤101、每个终端均根据接收到的来自基站的信标信号计算信道参数，将计算得到的信道参数发送给基站。
本步骤中，每个终端均根据接收到的来自基站的信标信号计算信道参数包括：
每个终端均对信标信号进行傅里叶变换得到每个子载波的初始相位；每 个终端均对每个子载波的初始相位进行相关处理；每个终端均对相关处理后的每个子载波的初始相位进行傅里叶逆变换，得到每个天线的信标信号的复数值；每个终端均根据每个天线的信标信号的复数值获取基站的每个天线到每个终端的信道响应。
其中，每个终端接收到的信标信号均为每个天线的信标信号之间的和值，即：
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000009
其中，hTmn为基站的发射机m到终端n的信道响应，M为基站的天线的数目。
其中，hTmn＝hpmnhtm，hpmn为基站的天线m到终端n的空中信道响应，htm为基站的发射机m的信道响应。其中，hpmn根据终端发送的上行SRS信号，以及基站自身的上行天线校正确定，htm根据基站下行天线校正确定。
其中，每个子载波的初始相位为：
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000010
其中，pn(k)为终端n的子载波k的初始相位。
其中，终端对每个子载波的初始相位进行相关处理包括：
终端按照公式(4)对每个子载波的初始相位进行相关处理。
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000011
其中，
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000012
为终端n相关处理后的子载波k的初始相位，
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000013
为du(k)的复共轭。
其中，终端对相关处理后的每个子载波的初始相位进行傅里叶逆变换得到每个天线的信标信号的复数值，包括：
每个终端按照公式(5)进行傅里叶逆变换。
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000014
其中，m’依次取0到(K-1)；
经过傅里叶变化后得到长度为K的序列。
其中，终端根据每个天线的信标信号的复数值获取基站每个天线到每个终端的信道响应包括：
终端计算傅里叶逆变换后的序列(即每个天线的信标信号的复数值所组成的序列)的幅度，计算得到序列中的M个峰值对应的原复数值即为每个天线到每个终端的信道响应。
本步骤中，将计算得到的信道参数发送给基站包括：
终端通过基站分配的物理随机接入信道(PRACH，Physical Random Access Channel)将计算得到的信道参数发送给基站。为此基站可在频域为每个终端分配一个PRACH(随机接入信道)信道用来反馈信道响应参数。PRACH格式采用4(PRACH format＝4)，NCS(用于产生随机接入前导的循环移位值)值取2。终端将计算得到的信道参数调制到基站分配的PRACH对应的随机接入前导(preamble)上，其中，每一个基站的发射机对应一个preamble，即终端将hT1n调制到preamble1，将hT2n调制到preamble2，……，将hTMn调制到preambleM，然后终端将调制后的每个preamble合并(如求和)为Pn，即公式(6)，并将Pn通过分配的PRACH发送给基站。
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000015
其中，基站接收到终端发送的Pn后，分别对Pn做傅里叶变换、相关计算(即2个序列共轭相乘计算)、傅里叶逆变换和幅度计算，根据幅度中的M个峰值对应的信道响应即为每个天线到终端的信道响应。
本步骤中，终端可以通过上行数据帧向基站发送信道参数。例如，图3为上行数据帧结构的示意图。如图3所示，每一个上行数据帧包括10个子帧，每一个子帧包括14个符号，可选的，则可以在子帧1或子帧6的符号12和13中反馈信道参数。每一个终端可以占用符号12和13中的6个资源块RB。
本步骤中，基站解调出每个preamble，恢复出调制于其上的hTmn，这样，基站就能得到基站每个天线到每个终端的信道响应矩阵，即为HT，即
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000016
其中，Ht为发射机信道响应矩阵，即
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000017
其中，HP为每个天线到每个终端的空中信道响应矩阵，即
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000018
作为可选的步骤，该方法还包括：
步骤102、基站根据接收到的信道参数生成赋形参数。包括：
基站根据公式(10)生成赋形参数。
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000019
其中，W为赋形参数。
作为可选的步骤，该方法还包括：
步骤103、基站采用赋形参数对基站范围内的所有终端的测量数据或下行数据赋形后发送给基站范围内的所有终端。
本步骤中，基站采用赋形参数对基站范围内的所有终端的测量数据赋形后发送给基站范围内的所有终端包括：
基站采用赋形参数对基站范围内的所有终端的测量数据赋形后，通过分配给每个终端的资源发送给基站范围内的所有终端。
其中，分配给基站范围内的每一个终端的资源为物理下行共享信道(PDSCH，Physical Downlink Shared Channel)的编号为6n到6n+5的资源块(RB，Resource Block)；其中，n为终端编号。
本步骤中，假设基站发送给每个终端的测量数据或下行数据为S＝[S1，S2，…，Sn]，对测量数据或下行数据赋形后基站实际发送的测量数据或下行数据为S'＝SW，那么终端接收到的信号为
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000020
本发明实施例的方法可以用于Massive MIMO的测试。测试过程如下：首先让基站建立N个虚拟用户，并向这些用户(终端)发射信标信号。信号分析仪(即虚拟用户之一)接收并解调这些信标信号，得到每个基站天线的信道响应hTmn。然后用信号源将这些hTmn调制在n#PRACH上发送给基站(同时其他用户的PRACH上也调制一些随机生成的信道参数数据发送给基站)。基站收到这些hTmn后计算出赋形系数，并对每个用户的数据进行赋形，使之经空中信道后形成波束指向对应终端。这时信号分析仪应能在第6n～6n+5号RB位置收到基站发给他的下行信号。改变信道响应参数调制的PRACH信道号，应能观察到PDSCH信号的RB位置也会发生相应的改变，而该信号的邻道泄漏功率比ACPR则能直接反映出终端信号间的正交性。修改随机生成的信道响应参数与信号分析仪接收到的信道响应参数之间的相关性，观察ACPR的变化，则可以评估出基站赋形的正交能力。降低信号源反馈信号的信噪比，观察ACPR的变化，则可以评估Massive MIMO基站的覆盖能力。
本发明实施例还提出了一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行上述的方法。
参见图4，本发明实施例还提出了一种获取信道参数的装置，可以设置在基站中，包括：
第一发送模块，设置为将每根天线各自的信标信号发送给自身范围内的所有终端；
第一接收模块，设置为接收到来自自身范围内的所有终端的信道参数。
本发明实施例的装置中，还包括：
生成模块，设置为根据接收到的信道参数生成赋形参数。
本发明实施例的装置中，生成模块设置为：
按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000021
生成赋形参数；
其中，W为赋形参数，HT为每个天线到每个终端的信道响应矩阵；
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000022
其中，hTmn为发射机m到终端n的信道响应，N为终端的数目，M为天线的数目。
本发明实施例的装置中，第一发送模块还设置为：
采用赋形参数对自身范围内的所有终端的测量数据或下行数据赋形后发送给自身范围内的所有终端。
本发明实施例的装置中，第一发送模块还设置为：
采用赋形参数对自身范围内的所有终端的测量数据赋形后，通过分配给每个终端的资源发送给自身范围内的所有终端。
本发明实施例的装置中，将每根天线各自的信标信号发送给自身范围内的所有终端为：
按照公式
Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-000023
向自身范围内的所有终端发送每根天线各自的信标信号；
其中，Am(t)为天线m的信标信号，du(k)为子载波k的Zadoff-Chu序列，u为小区标识，k为子载波序号，K为子载波数目，m为天线的编号，t为时间，NCP为循环前缀长度，Ts为采样时间间隔,Δω是子载波间隔。
参见图5，本发明实施例还提出了一种获取信道参数的装置，可以设置在终端中，包括：
第二接收模块，设置为接收到来自基站的信标信号；
计算模块，设置为根据接收到的信标信号计算信道参数；
第二发送模块，设置为将计算得到的信道参数发送给基站。
本发明实施例的装置中，第二接收模块还设置为：
接收到来自基站的下行数据或测量数据。
本发明实施例的装置中，计算模块设置为：
对信标信号进行傅里叶变换得到每个子载波的初始相位；对每个子载波的初始相位进行相关处理；对相关处理后的每个子载波的初始相位进行傅里叶逆变换，得到傅每个天线的信标信号的复数值；根据每个天线的信标信号的复数值获取基站每个天线到自身的信道响应。
本发明实施例的装置中，第二发送模块设置为：
通过基站分配的物理随机接入信道PRACH将计算得到的信道参数发送给基站。
以上内容是结合具体的实施方式对本发明所作的进一步详细说明，不能认定本发明的具体实施只局限于这些说明。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以使用计算机程序流程来实现，所述计算机程序可以存储于一计算机可读存储介质中，所述计算机程序在相应的硬件平台上(如系统、设备、装置、器件等)执行，在执行时，包括方法实施例的步骤之一或其组合。
可选地，上述实施例的全部或部分步骤也可以使用集成电路来实现，这些步骤可以被分别制作成一个个集成电路模块，或者将它们中的多个模块或步骤制作成单个集成电路模块来实现。
上述实施例中的各装置/功能模块/功能单元可以采用通用的计算装置来实现，它们可以集中在单个的计算装置上，也可以分布在多个计算装置所组成的网络上。
上述实施例中的各装置/功能模块/功能单元以软件功能模块的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。上述提到的计算机可读取存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
工业实用性
上述技术方案实现了提高了来自终端的信道参数的精度。

Claims (23)

  1. 一种获取信道参数的方法，包括：
    基站将每根天线各自的信标信号发送给基站范围内的所有终端；
    基站接收到来自基站范围内的所有终端的信道参数。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，还包括：
    所述基站根据接收到的信道参数生成赋形参数。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其中，所述基站根据接收到的信道参数生成赋形参数包括：
    所述基站按照公式
    Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-100001
    生成所述赋形参数；
    其中，W为所述赋形参数，HT为所述基站每个天线到所述每个终端的信道响应矩阵；
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-100002
    其中，hTmn为所述基站的发射机m到所述终端n的信道响应，N为所述终端的数目，M为所述基站的天线的数目。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，还包括：
    所述基站采用所述赋形参数对所述基站范围内的所有终端的测量数据或下行数据赋形后发送给所述基站范围内的所有终端。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述基站采用赋形参数对基站范围内的所有终端的测量数据赋形后发送给基站范围内的所有终端包括：
    所述基站采用所述赋形参数对所述基站范围内的所有终端的测量数据赋形后，通过分配给所述基站范围内的所有终端的资源发送给所述基站范围内的所有终端。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的方法，其中，
    所述分配给基站范围内的所有终端的资源为物理下行共享信道PDSCH的编号为6n到6n+5的资源块RB；其中，n为所述终端编号。
  7. 根据权利要求1～6任意一项所述的方法，其中，所述基站将每根天线各自的信标信号发送给基站范围内的所有终端包括：
    所述基站按照公式
    Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-100003
    向所述基站范围内的所有终端发送所述每根天线各自的信标信号；
    其中，Am(t)为所述基站的天线m的信标信号，du(k)为子载波k的Zadoff-Chu序列，u为小区标识，k为子载波序号，K为子载波数目，m为所述基站的天线的编号，t为时间，NCP为循环前缀长度，Ts为采样时间间隔,Δω是子载波间隔。
  8. 一种获取信道参数的方法，包括：
    终端接收到来自基站的信标信号；
    终端根据接收到的信标信号计算信道参数，并将计算得到的信道参数发送给基站。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，还包括：
    所述终端接收到来自所述基站的下行数据或测量数据。
  10. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其中，所述终端根据接收到的信标信号计算信道参数包括：
    所述终端对所述信标信号进行傅里叶变换得到所述每个子载波的初始相位；
    所述终端对所述每个子载波的初始相位进行相关处理；
    所述终端对相关处理后的每个子载波的初始相位进行傅里叶逆变换，得到每个天线的信标信号的复数值；
    所述终端根据所述每个天线的信标信号的复数值获取所述基站的每个天线到自身的信道响应。
  11. 根据权利要求8或9所述的方法，其中，所述将计算得到的信道参数发送给基站包括：
    所述终端通过所述基站分配的物理随机接入信道PRACH将计算得到的信道参数发送给所述基站。
  12. 一种获取信道参数的装置，包括：
    第一发送模块，设置为将每根天线各自的信标信号发送给自身范围内的所有终端；
    第一接收模块，设置为接收到来自自身范围内的所有终端的信道参数。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置，还包括：
    生成模块，设置为根据接收到的信道参数生成赋形参数。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，其中，所述生成模块是设置为：
    按照公式
    Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-100004
    生成所述赋形参数；
    其中，W为所述赋形参数，HT为每个天线到所述每个终端的信道响应矩阵；
    其中，
    Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-100005
    其中，hTmn为发射机m到所述终端n的信道响应，N为所述终端的数目，M为天线的数目。
  15. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，所述第一发送模块还设置为：
    采用所述赋形参数对自身范围内的所有终端的测量数据或下行数据赋形后发送给所述自身范围内的所有终端。
  16. 根据权利要求13所述的装置，所述第一发送模块还设置为：
    采用所述赋形参数对所述自身范围内的所有终端的测量数据赋形后，通过分配给所述自身范围内的所有终端的资源发送给所述自身范围内的所有终端。
  17. 根据权利要求12～16任意一项所述的装置，其中，第一发送模块是设置为通过如下方式实现将每根天线各自的信标信号发送给自身范围内的所有终端：
    按照公式
    Figure PCTCN2015089461-appb-100006
    向所述自身范围内的所有终端发送所述每根天线各自的信标信号；
    其中，Am(t)为天线m的信标信号，du(k)为子载波k的Zadoff-Chu序列，u为小区标识，k为子载波序号，K为子载波数目，m为天线的编号，t为时间，NCP为循环前缀长度，Ts为采样时间间隔，Δω是子载波间隔。
  18. 一种获取信道参数的装置，包括：
    第二接收模块，设置为接收到来自基站的信标信号；
    计算模块，设置为根据接收到的信标信号计算信道参数；
    第二发送模块，设置为将计算得到的信道参数发送给基站。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装置，，所述第二接收模块还设置为：
    接收到来自所述基站的下行数据或测量数据。
  20. 根据权利要求18或19所述的装置，所述计算模块是设置为：
    对所述信标信号进行傅里叶变换得到所述每个子载波的初始相位；对所述每个子载波的初始相位进行相关处理；对相关处理后的每个子载波的初始相位进行傅里叶逆变换，得到每个天线的信标信号的复数值；根据所述每个天线的信标信号的复数值获取所述基站每个天线到自身的信道响应。
  21. 根据权利要求18或19所述的装置，其中，所述第二发送模块是设置为：
    通过所述基站分配的物理随机接入信道PRACH将计算得到的信道参数发送给所述基站。
  22. 一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行权利要求1～7中任一项所述的方法。
  23. 一种计算机存储介质，所述计算机存储介质中存储有计算机可执行指令，所述计算机可执行指令用于执行权利要求8～11中任一项所述的方法。
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