WO2016191896A1 - 农林工程机 - Google Patents

农林工程机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016191896A1
WO2016191896A1 PCT/CN2015/000239 CN2015000239W WO2016191896A1 WO 2016191896 A1 WO2016191896 A1 WO 2016191896A1 CN 2015000239 W CN2015000239 W CN 2015000239W WO 2016191896 A1 WO2016191896 A1 WO 2016191896A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
frame
agricultural
engineering machine
wheel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2015/000239
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
黄廷启
黄翔亮
Original Assignee
黄廷启
黄翔亮
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 黄廷启, 黄翔亮 filed Critical 黄廷启
Priority to PCT/CN2015/000239 priority Critical patent/WO2016191896A1/zh
Publication of WO2016191896A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016191896A1/zh

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
    • A01B49/00—Combined machines
    • A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to agro-forestry machinery, and more particularly to a multi-purpose and multi-purpose agricultural and forestry machinery that is suitable for multiple occasions due to multi-system and multi-unit versatility.
  • a kind of "agricultural and forestry engineering machine” solves the large demand of farmers in agriculture and forestry engineering across the technical field.
  • In the agricultural field there are planing land preparation system, seeding system, sowing system, rice harvesting system and air drying system, peanut harvesting system, and collecting sugar cane.
  • In the forestry field there are deforestation, digging holes, planting tree holes, excavating roads and fertilizers, seedlings fs] transportation, high-range spraying, wood handling and other functions.
  • the present invention provides a multi-system, high-efficiency, high-speed multi-purpose multi-purpose multi-purpose (including seeding, seeding, and harvesting of various seeds).
  • the whole machine has power supply system support, and the machine can complete multiple tasks at the same time;
  • the undulation, folding function allows the machine to add flexibility and the depth of work
  • the agricultural and forestry engineering machine is a work system that can be used across fields, including seed sowing, sowing, collecting rice, collecting peanuts, collecting sugar cane, excavating roads, digging holes, and digging land preparation.
  • the general machine for agriculture and forestry engineering supported by the power supply z is characterized in that: the base frame 31 supported by the rotating pier of the frame 1 formed by the widened beam 5 and the steering power integral Y is combined by a block hinge type.
  • MN0P, QRST, etc., which have block-like extensions to form the associated deformation transfer function, constitute a self-loading function, the rotation of the adapter 18 and the telescopic transmission frame with the functions of the various working systems.
  • the 1 undulation and folding function is characterized in that the hydraulic pressure 13 and the hydraulic pressure 14 are respectively pushed and pulled to the L and P, and the 41 and 63 are respectively the base L of the excavating frame and the base shaft of the upper block P of the loading and unloading frame, 40 and 64, respectively.
  • 2 rotating pier Y' includes all components embedded between the total cover 12 and the horizontal axis 9, characterized in that the shaft 8 is fixed on the frame 1 by the horizontal bar 9, and the power supply line and the insulating layer 123 are inside the shaft 8.
  • the top has power supply rings 129 and 135, 125, 126 are brushes fixed to the main cover 12, and 124 and 127 are binding posts;
  • the steering power unit Y includes all the components of the walking portion, and is characterized in that: a differential 3, a half shaft 6 and a wheel 155 are provided, and a brake disc 43 is provided, and the screw 131 pushes the teeth uniformly arranged radially.
  • the shaft 128 of the strip 130 has a large bearing with a bearing outer ring of 132, an inner ring of the shaft 128 and a roller of 106.
  • the sliding groove 7 on both sides of the total cover 122 is defined by the frame 1 to rotate the shaft 128 for walking. Adjusting the direction, the drum 120 has a solid tire 118, a slab 119;
  • 4 widened beam 5 is characterized in that: one end A, B each carries the wheel 29 of the dent 93 and passes through the E, F, G, H vertical block and the front and rear directional power integral Y hinge column C, C', D, D' connected to the hydraulic telescopic truss;
  • 5 self-loading device is characterized by: a parallelogram rim supported by the front and back digging bucket 23 and the block U block V, and a fixed limit card 35 mounted on the outsole of the dump bucket 24, a fixed electromagnetic 36, a movable permanent magnet 37 a movable crankshaft 38, a fixed bearing seat 94, a movable hydraulic pressure 39, and a fixed defining rail 54 supporting the periphery of the loading and unloading bucket 24;
  • 6 telescopic transmission frame is characterized by: the horizontal axis 21, 21, 33 above the reciprocal extension blocks 15, 16, the passive transmission wheel 22, 22 ', the active transmission wheel 42, the gear 62 and the motor 30;
  • the adapter 18 and the block I and the block K are respectively provided with holes for mounting and transporting devices for the horizontal axes 19, 20, 393, 21, 21, 33, etc., and the adaptor 18 receives the passage from the hydraulic pressure 32.
  • the force of the parallelogram QRST correlation deformation transmission, the forward and reverse digging bucket 23 receives the force from the hydraulic pressure 17 with the horizontal axis 20 as the rotating shaft;
  • the 7-curved door cover cockpit is characterized in that it is mounted on the horizontal bars 66 and 44 of the rotating work stand base frame 31, and has an electric bridge 48 therein, with vertical bars 88 and parallel horizontal bars 55, 85. 84 forms an invisible door cover on the curved door cover 56 (also the door and the curved curved ⁇ 70 object);
  • the "agricultural and forestry engineering machine” seeding system is characterized in that it consists of a seeding system frame, a seeding unit 152, a seeding seed metering device, and a variable speed pulley wheel set, wherein:
  • the system is characterized in that: the system ribs 149 sandwich the mutually parallel unit yoke 141, the creping plate 156 having the opener 155, the system lifting rod 151, the pressing roller 171, and the two a fertilizer having a large gear 140, 150' and a forward and reverse spiral 1751 165, a seed dispensing cylinder 143, 144, and a motor pinion 160 intermediate the large gear;
  • 2 seeding row unit is characterized in that: the synchronous wheel 161 and its pulley 139, the shifting pulley 147, the seeding device 146 and its pulley 170, the seeding pipe 172, the earth plough 173, etc. are parallel to the unit bar 152.
  • the system ribs 149 are arranged in sequence and then connected to the unit holding shaft 141 through the unit sleeve 148;
  • [0029] 2 seeding row unit is characterized in that: the synchronous wheel 161 and its pulley 139, the shifting pulley 147, the seeding device f SO] 16 and its pulley 170, the seeding pipe 172, the earth plough 173, etc. in the unit strip 152 is arranged in parallel parallel to the system frame rib 149 and then connected to the unit receiving shaft 141 through the unit sleeve 148;
  • 3 seed acupuncture wheels are characterized in that the columnar seed auger is surrounded by curved inner and outer wires 183, 182 and pinched at the end of the seed hole base shaft 193 which is equidistantly and uniformly radiated around the middle portion of the shaft 178.
  • the hole film 187 is formed between the outer wires, wherein the base shaft 193 has a seed hole base ring 195 at the end, and the surface of the vertical base shaft 193 protrudes from the inner wire 183 and has a sharp angle with the shaft 193.
  • the surface is the outer wire 182, and the hole film 187 is sandwiched between the two and is connected to form a seed hole.
  • the two wires are unified by the collecting ring 184, and 198 is a seed-swept wheel parallel to the 178, 199 is The vane, the two rounds of parallel contact become the seeding seed meter 146;
  • the four-speed shifting pulley set is characterized in that: a plurality of inverted arcuate semi-circles 167 having a diameter of 169 which are uniformly curved at both ends by two pole tops 147 which are mutually reciprocated, and a circular hoop 166 and a semicircle on the diameter of the semi-circular piece.
  • the "Agriculture and Forestry Engineering Machine” seedling seedling system is characterized in that the seeding system is composed of a starting wheel 201, a base frame 228, a drainage work plate 229, an electric motor 20, a variable speed output small sprocket 202', and a mud surface reduction.
  • the seedling storage 227 has a central axis , generally like a string of discs, the bottom of the disc has a flat frame, which can be rotated;
  • the seeding unit is characterized in that: the tray 219, the spiral array of holes 218 and the corresponding arrangement of the rails 220
  • multi-stage telescopic shaft guard 215 has a final shaft 235 defining a groove 224 and its associated pressure rail wheel 210, a drawing disk 211, a drawing tray 212, a telescopic assisting frame 213 and above
  • the auxiliary wheel 232 and the like are formed, and the defining groove 214 of the 213 is at 215, and 216 is a limiting pin;
  • the rice harvesting system is characterized in that the system is composed of a thrust synchronous clamp portion, a power scraping portion, a chain load valley portion, and electric air drying, among which:
  • the thrust synchronizing clip and some features are: starting wheel 240, starting axle 244, synchronous sprocket 241, 242, synchronous chain 243, synchronous component shaft 266, clip holder from the belt 251, clip rib 252, the two clip belt pulleys 248, the belt reel rollers 256, and the gripper plate 255 are firmly formed by the sleeves 257 and the sleeves of the lower bevel gear sets 246, 247;
  • the electric scraping portion is characterized by: consisting of a sprocket 302, a fishing 395, a fishing 294, a scraping 296, a scraping fork ⁇ 1051398, and the like;
  • the chain-carrying portion is characterized by: a driving sprocket 280, a turning driven wheel 290, a front-receiving driven wheel 300, a playback driven wheel 299, and mutually parallel sweeping shafts 271, a shaft 272, and a chain guide shaft. 273, the shaft 274, the shaft 275, the shaft 276 and the large gear 250, the valley chain 425, the guide rail 281, the guide angle bucket 267, the funnel trough 265, the trough channel 282, etc.
  • the power air drying portion is characterized in that a pair of pushers 284, shaft gears 285, and inner electrical rings 286 [110] on both sides of the system are connected to the horizontal axis 278 of the loading and unloading bucket 24 in the scaffolding 49.
  • the hole 293 and the hole 53 on the horizontal axis 33 are pivoted on the rotating shaft 253, and the air-drying cylinder spiral guide groove 283, the air-drying fan 287, the air-drying drum shaft drum 29, and the wind-powered cylinder wall support for hiding the power supply line
  • the electric air drying cylinder 254 of the rod 292 is composed;
  • the "agricultural and forestry engineering machine" peanut collecting system is characterized in that: the system consists of a triangular prismatic system frame, a unit frame two pinch wheels, two mutually inverted units, a fruit removal, a rotating spiral body, a collecting component, and a waste removal. Components and other components, of which: [115] [0 ( ⁇ 0)
  • the triangular prismatic system frame is characterized by: bottom beams 304, 307, vertical bars 310, straight bars 308 and diagonal bars 309, and unit transverse axes 305, 306 and system sleeves 303,
  • the unit frame is characterized by: a unit connecting sleeve 313, a connecting rod 314, a boom 315, a shaft base 316, a connecting rod 322, and a straight strut 323.
  • the cooperating pinch wheel is characterized in that it consists of an inserter 320, a lead-out root 319, a combiner 269 and a rim 318, a guide plate [120] 321 and a variable track missing 326.
  • the steering reversing unit picking and removing the rotating spiral is characterized by: a rotating shaft 331, a spiral piece 332 and a picking finger 333, an exiting ring 427, a tapping rod 335, a roller 334, a fruit outlet 339, 340 and a plurality of sets of bevel gears 337, 338 are assembled back to each other;
  • the transporting component is characterized in that it consists of a forward and reverse spiral 401, 402 and a collecting tank 328 and a fruit discharge cylinder 329; [125] [0045]
  • the waste removing component is characterized by: a waste conveying pulley 350, a idler 351 and Umbrella gear 348;
  • the "agricultural and forestry engineering machine” is characterized in that the system is characterized in that the system has a plurality of working engagement handles 352, which are composed of gears 355, 356, 404 having a plurality of different power input and output shaft ports 403.
  • the power distribution working block 353 of the type of the connecting hole 358 is a dominant component, and has a system of hanging and winding the stripping unit and the cane stem cutting, segmenting and transporting, and the system comprises:
  • the suspension winding and stripping unit is characterized by: a power distribution working block 353, a front and rear cutting disc 354, a guide clip 364, a tailer 365, a shaft 361, a hanging winder 360, and a stripping rod 362. , stripping thorn ring 363 composition;
  • the cane stem cutting, segmentation, and transport are characterized by: a power distribution working block 353, a front and rear cutting disc 354, 371, a rail guide cover 373, a bevel gear set 368, a transmission rod 370, and a conveyor belt main
  • the wheel 369, the sliding wheel 375 and the driven roller 376 are composed; the 358 of the power distribution working block 353 is respectively sleeved on the horizontal axes 19, 20 and 21 or 21 ',
  • the "agricultural and forestry engineering machine” hole punching system is characterized in that: a planable digging work frame, which is composed of a plurality of sets of two ends of the horizontal bar 382 which are parallel to the vertical planing shaft 385 and which are parallelogram-shaped
  • the ring 379 is formed by a parallel tangential pin-type connection, such as a cross-slab-like planable shovel work frame, the vertical connecting central shaft 377 has a rotatable multi-layer joint ring 379, and the joint ring 379 has a 382 live
  • the pin 381, the lower end 388 of the vertical planing shaft 385 is flattened on both sides, and a triangular blade with a positive edge 405 reverse edge 406 is fixed.
  • the "agricultural and forestry engineering machine" planing land preparation system is characterized in that: a main equipment planing beam 415, a secondary equipment planing beam 416, a connecting rod 418 and a hinge pin member 417 are combined into a parallelogram, 428, 412 is a rotatable shaft, which is in contact with the midpoint of the planer beam, defines the rotatability of the planer beam, 411 is a live pin, and the hydraulic pressure 414 is fixed by the hole 419 and the groove 423 on the stalk 418 for immediate (working) shape;
  • 420 is the planing head
  • 421 is the fixing screw
  • 422 is the fixed block of the two ends of the planing beam 415
  • 407, 408 are the transverse pin shafts of the two ends of the block E 'block F'
  • 413 is the landing hydraulic pressure
  • 410 is Motor
  • 409 is
  • FIG. 1 is a self-loading and self-unloading state of a host machine of agroforestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 2 shows the obvious structural state of the main engine after the agricultural and forestry engineering machine is withdrawn from the driving bay; (the latter figure is withdrawn from the driving bay for the sake of clarity)
  • Figure 3 shows the driving door of the curved door cover of the agricultural and forestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 4 is a structure of the steering power integral Y of the agricultural and forestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 5 is a transmission structure of the agricultural and forestry engineering machine Y
  • FIG. 6 is an internal structure of a rotating pier Y' of a forestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 7 is an overall structure of a planting system of agroforestry engineering machine
  • Figure 8 shows the internal structure of the agricultural and forestry engineering machine seeding system
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged structure of a shifting pulley of a planting unit of agroforestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 10 is a seed metering structure of a planting system of agroforestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 11 is a row forming hole forming structure in the seed metering device of the agricultural and forestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 12 is a state of the agricultural and forestry engineering machine planting system and the whole machine state
  • Figure 13 shows the structure details of the planting unit of the agricultural and forestry engineering machine
  • the figure shows the structure of the rice harvesting system of the agricultural and forestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 15 is a state of the whole machine of the rice harvesting system of the agriculture and forestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 16 is a rice harvesting device for agroforestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 17 is a view of a rice harvesting component of a agriculture and forestry engineering machine
  • Figure 18 shows the deep detail structure of the rice harvesting system of the agricultural and forestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 19 is a working state of the whole machine of the peanut harvesting system of the agriculture and forestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 20 is a detailed structure of a peanut harvesting system of agroforestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 21 is a coaxial mutual reversal assembly of a peanut harvesting system of agroforestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 22 is a power distribution working block structure of a forestry engineering machine
  • Figure 23 shows the overall structure of the sugarcane harvesting system of the agricultural and forestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 24 is a forestry planting hole system of agroforestry engineering machine
  • FIG. 25 is a land preparation system and a horizontal landing platform for a forestry engineering machine
  • Agriculture and forestry engineering machine is a kind of cross-field use, including seed sowing, sowing, collecting rice, collecting peanuts, collecting sugar [175] cane, excavating roads, digging holes, digging land preparation, etc.
  • the general machine for the agricultural and forestry engineering supported by the power supply Z and the whole machine is characterized in that: the base frame 31 supported by the rotating pier V of the frame 1 formed by the widened beam 5 and the steering power integral Y is block-shaped A plurality of peripherals combined with a hinge type and a block-shaped extension forming a parallelogram forming IJKL, a circle 0P, a QRST, etc., which constitute a function of self-loading and unloading, have an adapter 18 for mounting functions of each working system, and a scalable transmission.
  • the rotating work frame of the frame is mounted on the beams 44 and 66 extending from the base frame 31 by a curved door cover driving carriage with a base shaft 47 as a branch [180], wherein:
  • the structure of the undulation and folding is: the hydraulic pressure 13 and the hydraulic pressure 14 are respectively pushed and pulled to the L and P, and the 41 and 63 are respectively the base L of the excavation frame and the base shaft of the upper block P of the loading and unloading frame, 40 and 64, respectively.
  • the rotating pier Y' includes all the components embedded between the total cover 12 and the horizontal axis 9, and the structure is: the shaft 8 is fixed on the frame I by the horizontal bar 9 [185], and the power supply line is inside the shaft 8. (not shown) and insulating layer 123, with power supply rings 129 and 135 at the top, 125, 126 are brushes fixed to the main cover 12, 124 and 127 are binding posts, and 133 is an outer ring 2 for fixing with the main cover 12. Hole, 134 screw for this type of hole, 136 is the transmission-connected bearing housing of the screw 11, and 112 is a screw for fixing the bearing housing of the screw 11 on the total cover 12.
  • Alignment power integral Y comprises all components of the walking part, the structure is: differential 3, half shaft 6 and wheel, ⁇ 190 J 4 is the bearing sleeve of the differential output half shaft 6 (not drawn inside)
  • a brake disc 43 There is a brake disc 43, a revolver 131 pushes the shaft 128 of the rack 130 having a uniform radial arrangement, a large bearing having a bearing outer ring 132, an inner ring of the shaft 128 and a roller as a 106, a total cover
  • a chute 7 is defined on both sides of the 122 by the frame 1 to rotate the shaft 128 for walking adjustment direction, and the drum 120 has Solid tire 118, paddle 1 19;
  • the shaft of the gear 95 (not shown) is connected to the outer end of the differential gear 3 through the vertical wall 105, and the outer end of the gear is connected with the gear shifting gears 97, 98, 99, respectively.
  • 96 is a pinion on the shaft 100, 101, 102, 103 are bearings of 97, 98, 99 on the outer end vertical wall 104, respectively, and the shaft 110 of the motor 107 passes through the input shaft of the external gear and the shifting chamber.
  • 100 is connected (the gear is not drawn), 108 is a screw hole on the outer ring 132, 109 is a fixing screw of the outer ring 132 and the Y total cover 122, 1 13 is a seat base of the bearing seat 116, and 114 is used for fixing on the base Hole, 115 is base 113 in Y
  • a set screw on the cover 122, 117 is a transmission on the auger 131, and 121 is an electric motor on the auger 131;
  • the structure of the widened beam 5 is: a hinge 29 of a wheel 29 carrying the teeth 93 at both ends A and B and passing through the E, F, G, H vertical blocks and the front and rear steering power integral Y C, C', D, D 'connected with hydraulic telescopic beams;
  • the structure of the self-loading device is: a parallelogram MN0P supported by the front and back digging bucket 23 and the block U block V, and a fixed limit card 35 mounted on the outsole of the dump bucket 24, a fixed electromagnetic 36, and a movable permanent magnet 37. , active crankshaft 38, fixed
  • L210139 is a socket occupied by the cylinder on the block M when in the folded state
  • 6 telescopic transmission frame is composed of: horizontal axis 21, 2 33 above the reciprocal extension blocks 15, 16, passive transmission wheels 22, 22', active transmission wheel 42, gear 62 and motor 30; , 26, 27, 28 are respectively hollow shafts at four corners of the parallelogram IJKL on the excavation frame to which the hinge block is connected, for widening the insertion hole of the conveyor belt idler; [0086] the joint 18 And the block I and the block ⁇ are equipped with the horizontal axes 19, 20, 393, 21, 21 '33, etc. for mounting and
  • the adaptor 18 receives a force transmitted from the hydraulic pressure 32 through the parallelogram QRST correlation deformation
  • 22 is the passive wheel on the end of the telescopic transmission frame
  • 57 is the bearing seat of 22
  • 60 is the screw of the bearing seat 57
  • the front and rear railing holes 58 are reserved
  • 15 has the conveyor belt roller frame 45, 45 on the upper
  • 42 are the drive wheels of the telescopic transmission frame and the driven wheel 22, which are the transmission wheels
  • 62 are the gears of the 42 to receive the power from the motor 30, and 34 are the output of the motor 30.
  • Gear, 61 is the bearing of the active horizontal shaft 33, and there are a shaft drying shaft I [220] shaft hole 53 on both ends of the 33;
  • the 7-curved door cover cock is configured to be mounted on the horizontally extending strips 66 and 44 of the rotating work stand base frame 31, and has an electric bridge 48 therein, with vertical bars 88 and parallel horizontal bars 55, 85, 84 on the curved door cover 56 (also the door and the cover of the arc) on the invisible door cover, 85 is the rear frame of the door frame, 87 is the chair foot, 88 is the back of the chair, 90 and 89 are the movable grooves of the horizontal strips 84 and 85 on the curved door cover 56 respectively (the driver closes the [225] curved door cover 56 after opening the curved door cover 56 into the cockpit and then Then the door cover front bar 55 is pulled apart, and when the driver leaves the cockpit, there is a spring pulling force to move the door chairs 84 and 85 up along the movable slot, 55 close to the curved wall);
  • [0089] 52 is the active center pivot of the curved door cover 56 of the cockpit, 77 is the landing ladder, 78 is the ladder handrail, 79 is the diagonal bar carrying the ladder, 80 is the cockpit floor, 81 is the pivot 52 support bar, 82 is the front light, 83 is the rear light, 86, 92 is the structural beam on the curved door cover 56, 86 is also the door support support rod, 9]_ is the support rod of the curved door cover, 66 [230] 44 extending parallel from the frame 31, is a beam that supports the driving base pier 46, and has a limiting ring 65, 67 is 44 and
  • the pin hole on the 66 there is a temporary register 238 under the driver's base 46 for temporary placement such as high pressure water spray, spray The pesticide line, etc., the control line enters the electrical command console 48 from the base pier 46 through the base shaft 47 (all instructions are available. Implemented as “positive” and “reverse” or “zero” and executed by electrical commands) ;
  • transverse joints 19, 20, 393, 21, 2 on the joint 18 and the extension block 15 provide the proper position for each system to be abutted; (163), pull (21, 21 ') Push (21, 21,), hoist (19, 20, 393), and the horizontal axis 19, 20, 393, 21, 21 ' can be matched as needed, and the length can be changed instantly.
  • the front and back digging bucket 23 is operated by receiving the force from the hydraulic pressure 17 with the horizontal axis 20 as the rotating shaft; 72 is the long shovel (removable) for transporting the timber leading edge, and 175 is short digging The tooth, 73 is the trailing edge of the mouth.
  • the upper tube can be used to transport granular or liquid;
  • the screw 131 that adjusts the power unit ⁇ pushes the shaft 128 of the rack 130 with uniform radial arrangement, the large bearing with the outer ring of 132, the inner ring of shaft 128 and the roller of 106, the total cover
  • the drum 120 has a solid tire 118 and a slab 119; on the road, the solid tire is loaded, and the slab is lifted. It does not damage public transportation equipment and can run at high speed. On the field, because of the 'solid tires, it can be trapped under the mud, and the mudboard plays a role. Because it is wide, it can be vigorously advanced;
  • the joint 18 receives the force transmitted from the hydraulic pressure 32 through the parallelogram QRST correlation deformation, and the front and back excavation [260] the bucket 23 receives the force from the hydraulic pressure 17 with the horizontal axis 20 as the rotating shaft, so that it can be excavated.
  • shovel or loading and unloading capable of carrying goods, plays a major role in sowing, sowing, and even more work, is an indispensable part of the machine;
  • the automatic loading and unloading device is defined by a parallelogram group supported by the front and back digging buckets and the block U block V, and a fixed limit card 35 mounted on the outsole of the dump bucket 24, a fixed electromagnetic 36, a movable permanent magnet 37, and an activity.
  • the crankshaft 38, the fixed bearing seat 94, the movable hydraulic pressure 39, and the fixed defining rail 54 surrounding the loading and unloading bucket 24 are formed; wherein 73 is the rear edge of the front and back digging bucket [265], when the hydraulic pressure 32 is sufficiently long
  • the cargo on the 23 is dumped onto the bucket 24, and the limit card 35 is a pin that is fixed around the bottom of the bucket.
  • the hydraulic pressure 39 At the beginning, the side of the bucket 24 begins to increase.
  • the restriction card 35 is defined by the restricting rail 54 on the loading and unloading frame. The device can make the bucket 24 freely left or right. Dump
  • the scaffolding 49 has a narrow top width and can be used for weatherproofing. When loading, the tarpaulin can be opened for a short time, and the unloading can not be inverted;
  • the bucket 24 self-prepared two bucket stacks can be used to strengthen the pressure, if necessary, the reverse cover can be taken out into a water tank: 71 is the water release hole, 59 is the fixing hole for modification, and it is ready for use.
  • the trenching ground preparation system is tightly coupled to the main machine, and a part of the main body is explained: as long as the length of the 414 is adjusted or the position of the trough 423 can be leveled, raised, ditched, loosened, or smashed. Work, can also be used as a load platform, which is equivalent to extending the fuselage space, when the joint 18 is loaded, the planing system adjusts the entire fuselage;
  • the curved door cover cockpit allows the driver to enter and exit easily and open the door without hindering the road, it is built on the pillar-shaped base shaft 47,
  • the system specifies each one by one
  • the seeding system is composed of a system frame and a seeding unit frame shifting pulley set, wherein: the system frame ribs 149 vertically sandwich the mutually parallel unit bearing shaft 141 and have the opening device 155.
  • the plate 156 and the system lift the rod 151 (the middle portion connection 163 of the rod is connected to 393, the unit strip 152 is attached when lifting, the unit strip is lowered when the tube is lowered), the pressing roller 171, and the two large gears 140, 150 and the front and back respectively Fertilizer of spiral 165, seed dispensing cylinder 143, 144, large teeth
  • the middle of the wheel is the motor pinion 160,
  • [0107] 24 is a dump bucket (with a total of three stacks in one unit for use, when necessary, the reverse cover can be taken out into a water tank: 71 is a drain hole, 59 is a fixing hole for modification), and a hydraulic 39 cylinder is embedded. At 75 points on the 0 block, it is a force point (limitation), and 76 is a socket occupied by the cylinder block on the block M when the hydraulic pressure 39 is in the folded state.
  • the front and back digging buckets 23 on the adapter 18 are filled with fertilizer, and the 142 is a water tank in which the dump bucket 24 is provided with the inner bucket and the back cover.
  • 159 is a water tank fixing nail, and the seed bucket 154 is stacked on the water tank.
  • 157, 158 and 162 are the self-flow conveying pipes of seeds, fertilizers and water, respectively, 145 is the high-pressure pump on the register 238, 164 is the high-pressure water pipe, 153 is the nozzle, the system lifts the chain 163-head and connects the lifting rail 151 to the other end.
  • the system frame base sleeve 138 is sleeved on both ends of the horizontal shaft 21 or 2 on the telescopic block 15, and is pulled back while working; self-loading fertilizer, from each water tank, seeds in the shed, raining Not flustered; the creping plate 156 with the opener 155 uses the soil from the trench to pave the pits and sown again, the ditch is deep, the slab is flat and uniform [295], and the water disaster is achieved.
  • the shifting pulley set is an inverted arcuate semi-circular piece 167 having a diameter of 169 which is tightly clamped by two pole tops 147 which are mutually reciprocated, and 166 is a circular hoop on the diameter of the semicircular piece, and 176 is in the arc.
  • the push-pull notch on the point, 177 is to adjust the snap ring on the shaft 168, and the rotation 168 pulls 176 to form different belt grooves and change the state of the pulley set to adjust the planting distance;
  • Seeding line unit description the synchronous wheel 161 and its pulley 139, the shift pulley 147, the seed meter 146 and its pulley 170, the seed inlet pipe 172, the earth plough 173, etc. are parallel to the unit bar 152
  • the system frame ribs 149 are sequentially assembled and connected to the unit suspension shaft 141 through the unit cover 148, and the line unit can be adjusted to change the line distance;
  • the columnar seed acupuncture is formed by the inner and outer wires 183, 182 which are clamped in the arc shape and support the hole film 187 around the shaft 178, wherein the middle portion of the shaft 178 has seeds of uniform length and uniform radiation arrangement.
  • the base shaft 193 has a [305] sub-hole base ring 195 at the end of the base shaft 193, and the surface of the vertical base shaft 193 protrudes from the inner wire 183.
  • the tapered surface at an acute angle with the shaft 193 is the outer wire 182, and the hole film 187 is pinched.
  • the seed hole base shaft 193 has a longitudinal movable groove 192 and a nut 180 which is pushed up and down, and the nut 180 is in the phase.
  • 183 and 182 are connected to the agglomerating ring 184 connected to the upper and lower cards 186, 181 through the longitudinal groove 192, and are pushed and pulled by the nut 180 to achieve the same expansion and contraction (the seed hole is within the 185 is an outer telescopic wire guide, 190 is an inner telescopic wire guide groove, 189 is a longitudinal section of the top cover 188 of the inner telescopic wire, and 195 is a seed hole base ring, and is placed on the seed hole base.
  • the seed is placed on the height of the water tank. When the seed flows through the tube 157 to 165, it will be dispersed by the opposite spiral to the entrance of each unit.
  • the fertilizer on the front and back buckets is arbitrarily raised, so the same process.
  • the motor pinion 160 is in the middle of 140, 150 and moves all at once.
  • the seedling seedling system consisting of a starting wheel 201, a drainage board 229, a seedling storage 227, a power shaft frame 223, and a seeding unit, the system sleeve 200 is set on the horizontal axis 21', and the row is connected.
  • the boring plate 229 and the supported power yokes 223, 222 thereof are long slots in the unit drive distribution shaft 208 extending through each unit;
  • the seeding unit is connected to the spiral tray 234 having the spirally arranged acupoints 218 and the corresponding alignment rails 220 on the tray frame 219, and the multistage telescopic shaft guard 215 has a final stage defining the slots 224.
  • the rotating shaft 235 and its associated (arrow indicates the direction of rotation) of the rail wheel 210, the plucking disc 211, the auxiliary tray 212, the telescopic assisting frame 213 and the upper auxiliary wheel 232 thereof, and the defining groove 214 of the 213 is at 215 , 216 for its qualifying pin;
  • the plucking disc 212 is abutted against the auxiliary tray 211, which is a pair of clamped wheels, 211 active, 212 driven, and rotated together [330] kinetic energy to clamp the seedling root and pull it up;
  • 231 is a shaft fixed to the telescopic assisting frame 213 by the auxiliary pulling wheel 232.
  • the function of the 232 is to extend the working distance and strength of the pulling out the seedling
  • 236 is the upper rotating shaft extending into the long shaft 224 of the final rotating shaft.
  • Limited pin, 233 is the auxiliary plate 212
  • the centering shaft, 217 is a cymbal frame shaft extending from the end of the bracket 209 of the cymbal frame 219, and the cymbal frame 219 is placed on the shaft, and the cymbal 234 and the cymbal frame 219 are compliant with each other, 221 a limiter for the bracket 209 of the pallet 219,
  • 228 is the system pedestal supported by the starting wheel 201, 230 is the mud surface reduction ⁇ , 237 is the central pivot of the unit drive shaft 208, and there are two kinds of power: the strict selection of the plant spacing is synchronous, and the non-strict and fast selection is optional. Electric motor,
  • the bevel gear 225 on the moving shaft drives the bevel gear 206 and its shaft 207 and then drives 208 to reach all the seeding units on the creel 223, and selects the electric transmission to remove the chain 203 from the 202 to the transmission of the electric motor 20.
  • the small sprocket 202' can be output;
  • the transverse shafts 19, 20 on the adapter 18 are used to carry the shoulder sleeve 226' and the seedling storage 227, and the lifting chain 163 is attached to the horizontal pin 393 and connected to the lateral middle section of the drainage work plate 229. (The other side of the lifting chain 163 has another power shaft [345] frame 223).
  • the horizontal axis 21 pulls the planting system cover 200 and its associated drainage work plate 229 and its supported loopable power shaft frame 223. This kind of device can make the work not stop and improve the working speed;
  • the seedling storage 227 has a central axis, which is generally like a string of disks, each of which has a flat frame and can be rotated.
  • a large number of spare seedlings can be placed in the seedling storage 227 without hindering the action of the personnel, the line width adjustable unit drive shaft
  • the unit distance on the 208 when the seedling on the front side of the rack is used up, immediately turn the power shaft frame 180 degrees to position the other 13501 surface of the seedling and rotate the multi-stage telescopic shaft guard 215 90 degrees around the shaft 208.
  • the spiral inlet of the spiral tray 234 is placed with the pressure rail wheel 210 (the pressure rail wheel 210 will automatically pull the screw tray 234 until it is completely finished), the tray 211, and the tray 102 can automatically work again. The process is fast and automatic, and the staff just stands on the work board 229 waiting for the seedling tray;
  • the whole system consists of the thrust synchronous clamp system, the electric scraping system, the chain carrying system [355] valley system and the electric air drying system.
  • the thrust synchronous clamp has a starting wheel. 240, the starting axle 244, the synchronous sprocket 24 242 and the synchronous chain 243, the synchronous component shaft 266, the belt 251, the rib 252 and the two pulleys 248, the clamp plate 255 passes through the column 257 and below
  • the bushings of the 246, 247 gears firmly form the shelf, and 256 is the idler of the belt 251;
  • the power scraping system is composed of a sprocket 302, a fishing shovel 395, a fishing 294, a scraping 296, a scraping thorn 398, etc., and the sprocket of the motor 270 (not shown), the chain 297 Drive the sprocket 260, the scraping drum 296 and then pass the small sprocket
  • the chain 397 drives the sprocket 302, the fishing shovel 395 to work at the same time, the 396 is the shaft of the scraping drum 296, the 301 is the fishing support rod, and the 294 is the grooved support adjustment rod; (the synchronous component shaft 266 When the power passes through the horizontal frame 245, there are two bevel gears associated with the undrawn, and then passed to the bevel gear set 246, 247, 246 and also passed through the shaft 424 to the corresponding "247" of the other head, and the two front and rear pulleys are installed during the installation.
  • 399 is the chain that the shaft 272 transmits to the cutting force component shaft 426 through the sprocket (not shown), and the cutting shaft 261 receives the power-driven cutting disk 263 and the arm 262 from the shaft 426 through the bevel gear.
  • 13701 288 is a synchronous device casing
  • the chain-carrying device includes a drive sprocket 280, a turning driven wheel 290, a valley front driven wheel 300, a playback driven wheel 299, and mutually parallel sweeping shafts 271, a shaft 272, a chain guide shaft 273, and a shaft 274. , shaft 275, shaft 276 and large gear 250, valley link 425, guide rail 281, guide angle bucket 267 (which is a long grooved bucket, on the inside of the chain, after passing the drive sprocket 280 has been 280 The shaft 272 is turned over to the 258, 259 state, meaning that it is ready to enter the bottom and lead of the load.
  • 281 is a guide rail for the guide angle of the bucket 267 (the function of the guide rail is to flatten when the guide angle bucket 267 reaches the front wheel of the chain turn of the chain turn, and will fall to the 268 state when leaving the guide rail. ) ;
  • the power wind device is completed by a rotary air drying cylinder 254 of the loading and unloading bucket 24 in the pair of straight through scaffolds 49 on both sides, and the horizontal [380] shaft 278 is supported by the 265 while having the holes 293 and the horizontal axis 33.
  • the hole 53 is the rotation shaft 253 of the hurricane dry cylinder 254, 279 is the bearing support of 278, the 264 is the support of the one side inclined funnel groove 265, the 286 is the inner electric ring of the air drying cylinder shaft, and the 284 is the air drying cylinder.
  • the pusher of the shaft gear 285, 283 is the spiral guide groove of the air-drying cylinder
  • 287 is the air-drying fan
  • 291 is the air-drying drum shaft drum with the power supply line inside
  • 292 is the air-drying cylinder wall support rod with the power supply line inside
  • 249 is the system skeleton 239 is the system connection sleeve
  • 295 is the system lifting loop that is connected with the lifting chain 163.
  • the description of the peanut harvesting system of the agricultural and forestry engineering machine the system is controlled by the matching pinch wheel and the reciprocal unit.
  • the body, the collecting part and the scrap removing part are composed of a matching pinch wheel composed of the inserter 320, the lead-out root 319, the combiner 269 and the rim 318, the guide plate 321 and the variable track missing 326. Is to let the inserter 320 at this distance flat
  • the rotating shaft 331, the spiral piece 332 and the picking finger 333, the exit ring 427, the exit mast 335, the roller 334, the fruit outlet 339, 340, and the plurality of sets of bevel gears 337, 338 are assembled back to each other.
  • the reverse unit picks up the swaying spiral, and the purpose of assembling the opposite ends is to pick the fruit from the bottom of the inserter 320 from the bottom to the top;
  • the forward and reverse spirals 401, 402 and the collecting tank 328 and the fruit discharge cylinder 329 constitute a collecting member
  • a waste removing member consisting of a waste conveying pulley 350, a idler roller 351 and a bevel gear 348;
  • the combiner 269 is a pipe having a pin hole in the middle portion, and is longitudinally divided into two halves and nested on the rim 318 for 319
  • the junction point of 320 is 316 for the axis of the inclined clamp puller, 317 is the associated pinch spoke, 389 is the axle, and 429 and 430 are the bevel gears matched by the bevel gears 337 and 338 respectively.
  • 431 is the bearing sleeve of 430.
  • the unit frame is composed of unit connecting sleeve 313, connecting rod 314, boom 315, shaft base 316, connecting rod 322 and straight strut 323. ⁇ can adjust the unit distance);
  • the triangular prism system frame is composed of bottom beams 304, 307, vertical bars 310, straight bars 308 and diagonal bars 309, and unit transverse axes 305, 306 and system sleeves 303, and the unit sets 323, 313 are respectively set to 305.
  • the system sleeve 303 is coupled to the horizontal axis 21,
  • [0136] 22' is a widened transmission wheel
  • 311 is a bearing seat on the shaft 336
  • 312 is a bevel gear set sheath on the shaft 336
  • 330.1405 is a 336 upper pin groove
  • 327 is a fruit groove
  • 400 is The motor
  • 341 is its output pinion
  • 342 is the large gear that is in contact with 341
  • 343 is the small sprocket on the coaxial 336 with 342, which drives the sprocket 345 to 347, 344, 346 respectively.
  • the drive chain, 324 is a picking and rotating slewing base bearing, 349 is a bevel gear shaft matching the bevel gear 348 (ie, the shaft of the waste transfer pulley 350), and 325 is a rotating sleeve for reducing frictional resistance;
  • the inserter 320 on the two rims before the untracking is crossed, which is beneficial to pull up the peanuts.
  • the whole peanuts have been vertically exposed, and the picking fingers 333 are fixed at
  • the edge of the spiral piece 332 can be used as a finger to cut the peanut fruit to the finger joint (the favorable side of the 333) and the lanyard will harvest it.
  • the rotating spiral does not collide when the fruit is collected, so it must be 320 parallel, so to change the track; because the peanut has its own weight, the unit picking fruit removes the rotating spiral and rotates the fruit while moving it to the fruit outlet 339, 340, and because the spacing of the fruit finger 333 does not allow the peanut to leak out
  • the machine rotates it is screened and soil is removed; when the peanuts fall into the system collection tank 328 [415], the rotating forward and reverse spirals (the function of the positive and negative spirals is to collect the peanuts on the system to 329).
  • 401, 402 is pushed to the discharge cylinder 329 to be transported to the loading and unloading bucket 24 by the conveyor belt composed of the passive transmission wheel 22, 22' and the active transmission wheel 42;
  • the system is composed of a plurality of working engagement levers 352 and a plurality of coupling holes 358, which are composed of gears 355, 356, and 404 having a plurality of power input and output shaft ports 403.
  • the leading composition consists of a positive and negative cutting disc 354, a tail hopper 365, a shaft 361, a suspension winding device 360 (consisting of gears 357 and 359), a stripping rod 362, and a stripping thorn ring 363.
  • power distribution working block 353, front and rear cutting discs 354, 371, rail guide cover 373, bevel gear set 368, transmission rod 370, conveyor main wheel 369, sliding wheel 375, driven roller 376 The rooting, segmentation and transmission integrated device; wherein:
  • the 358 of the power splitting work block 353 is sleeved onto the transverse axes 19, 20 and 21. respectively, 366, 367 are motors, and 374 is the horizontal lift pin of the power distribution work block 353 on the spare hole 58, 372 a 371 shell; [0141]
  • the whole process is automatic: the sugar cane enters the work block 353 under the guidance of the guide clip 364. The cut end is first cut and then wound again. The dry leaf is immediately removed. Since the machine is moving forward, the root cane is cut.
  • the root is pushed forward, so it is poured onto the rail guide cover 373 (the rail guide cover 373 is a smooth tip-shaped arched plate, which can play the role of the rail.)
  • the cover protects the machine on the 353.
  • the inside is immediately cut into segments and transported on the conveyor belt driven by the main belt 369 of the conveyor belt to the conveyor belt consisting of the passive transmission wheels 22, 22' and the active transmission wheel 42. It is conveyed to the bucket 24 (the curvature is no longer protruded due to the segmentation), and the worker only needs to point the machine at the working object;
  • the 387 is the protective tube of the boring shaft 385
  • 390 is the electric motor
  • 391 is the motor shaft protection tube
  • 378 is the pull rod of the central shaft 377
  • 392 is the pull pin thereof (visible to 377 is tightened by the hydraulic pressure 17 Let the horizontal axis
  • Agricultural and forestry engineering machine planing site preparation system description a main equipment planing 415, auxiliary equipment planing beam 416, connecting rod 418 and hinge pin 417 combined parallelogram formed by 428, 412
  • the midpoint of the beam defines a cultivating workbench with a revolving shaft and a 411 as a pinch.
  • the hydraulic pressure 414 is fixed in real time (working) through the hole 419 and the slot 423 on the connecting rod 418; wherein: 420 is a planing head, 421 For the fixing screws, 422 is the fixed condition of the two ends of the planer beam 415.
  • the 407 and 408 are the transverse pin shafts of the two ends of the block E 'block F ', the 413 is the landing hydraulic pressure, the 410 is the electric motor, and the 409 is the device cabinet. Hydraulic
  • C4SQ] 413 lengthening system can be lifted horizontally.
  • the ground can be leveled. If the working direction needs to be changed, the live pin 411 can be removed to bring the entire parallelogram to 180. Turn it back and put it back in the market.
  • Block I of the protruding block 60 Screw 105. Vertical wall (inside) 150. Large gear
  • Block K extension block 61 Bearing 106. Roller (large bearing) 151. System gambling
  • Adapter 63 Base shaft Jump rib hole 153. Spray head
  • Hollow shaft 70 The point of pressure of hydraulic pressure 32 ⁇ 15. Fixed nailing 160. Input pinion
  • roller frame 90 Activity slot 135.
  • Inner telescopic wire guide 235 Final roller 280. Active sprocket 325.
  • Telescopic assist frame 258 Body state 303.
  • Bevel gear 270 Motor 315. Suspender 360. Suspended winding device 361. Insert shaft 406. Reverse edge A. Widening the end of beam 5
  • Activity 428 can be rotated S.
  • Flat block (blocked into QRST parallelogram "S")
  • Blade solid 3 ⁇ 4 «nail 431.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Agricultural Machines (AREA)

Abstract

一种农林工程机，包括机架（1）、液压（13,14，17，32）、电动机（30）、基架（31）、基轴（41）、正反挖掘斗（23）、盛卸斗（24）、棚架（49）、电气驾驶台（48）、肥料分配筒（143）、种子分配筒（144）、起畦板（156）、螺旋秧盘（234）、割盘（263）、装置柜（409）、轮子（29）等部件，能够完成播种、插秧、收获作物、刨沟整地等工作。所述工程机节约能源，解决了平原和山地的机械化工作需求。

Description

农林工程机
[0001 ] 技术领域本发明涉及一种农林业机械，尤其是一种由于多系统多单元多功能而适 应多场合多用途的农林机械。 一种"农林工程机"跨越技术领域地解决农民在农林工程方 面的大量需求，在农业领域有刨沟整地系统、播种系统、播秧系统、收稻谷系统和风干系统、 收花生系统、收甘蔗系统，在林业领域有砍伐林木、挖穴、打植树洞、挖土修路和肥料、苗木 fs】运输、高射程喷洒、木材搬运等功用。 这都是因为"农林工程机' '为自己设备了电力系统驱 动，有起伏、折叠功能，有伸縮传输架和伸缩加宽横梁，有旋转功能和调向动力一体，当然也 是各系统结构的科学性和合理性，总之"农林工程机"工作的高效和高速准确及其跨越领域 说
是时代的需求，适应多场合多状态的一机多用要求是探索节约能源材料的农林机械开发的 必然一种方式。
1101 [0002] 技术背景目前市场上的农、林业各种机械都很多，但多功能机械还很有限，真正能 又快又好地满足农、林业多场合、多项农事或连贯完书成某项目任务需求的机械还空白着。而 且各专业技术也还很落后，比如播种只单一品种，插秧不能均匀单株，收稻谷不能雨天或烘 干，收花生不能采果，收甘蔗的单一且造价昂贵，上山地需要修路，林业靠人工等等而且造 价昂贵却只能单一专用。农民有太多事务要做：整地、播种、种了玉米又种花生绿豆、种稻谷
Ϊ15】还要收割、晒干、甘蔗难种又难收、树木砍伐多危险、造林人工挖坑又喷药……改革开放后 农民的工作多起来了，国家辽阔宽广，经营因地域不同而异，可是肩负农林重担的农民无论 如何也无法购买到如此多的专业机器以从业，即使靠国家补贴就能轻易购置机器，但这也 明显不是现代农林发展的所需方向，因为这些机器大多因为其专用性能而形成季节性，季 节一过就囤积变浪费！又因旧机器技术落后功效低下、适应性差，又耗能又耗材，严重障碍 着或限制了农林现代化的进展，目前市场迫切需要一种省能省材的、少污染的、跨领域的、 造价低廉的、结构简单的、省烦省力的、高效高速的先进农林行业机器以降低农林产品成 本。
[0003] 发明内容正因为现代农林业的这种紧迫性需求，本发明提供了一种多系统且高效 高速的能适应多场合多状态的多用途（包括各类种子的播种、播秧苗、收稻、收花生、收甘 125】蔗、割灌木、打洞、挖土修路和整地）的、完全自我装卸的并可在水田或水泥路面高速行走 的农林工程机。
[0004] 本发明的优点在于：
[0005] 一、整机有电力供应系统支持，机器能同时完成多项工作；
[0006] 二、适应各挂载系统保证了机器工作的连贯性、完整性；
130] [0007] 三、适应挂载能跨领域地适应多场合多种工作状态；
[0008] 四、'自我装卸确立了本机器的独立自主性；
[0009] 五、旋转功能减少倒车和转弯时间浪费，主动争取到工作时间和工作范围、空间；
[0010] 六、起伏、折叠功能让机器添加了灵活性和工作的深广度；
[001 1 ] 七、"调向动力一体 "减少了复杂动力传输连带；
f35j0012] 八、伸缩加宽能让机器平稳工作于恶劣环境；
[0013] 九、适应挂载可节约能源材料地满足平原和坡地的作业现代化需求，大幅度提高 了农林机械化；
[0014] 十、一机多用可减少农民为农林机械的投资负担；
[0015] 十一、高效高速能减轻农林业产品产业成本。
i [0016] 下面逐一对"农林工程机"的各部分特征进行描述：
[001 7] 农林工程机是一种可跨领域使用、包括各类种子播种、播秧、收稻谷、收花生、收甘 蔗、挖土修路、挖穴打洞、刨沟整地等工作系统且整机由供电 z支持的农林工程通用机器， 其特征是：在加宽横梁 5和调向动力一体 Y构成的机架 1的旋转墩 所承的基架 31上面 由块状合页类型结合的多个周边有块状延长构成关联形变传递功能的平行四边形 IJKL、 i45| MN0P, QRST等组成了一个有自我装卸功能、有挂载各工作系统功能的衔接头 18和可伸缩传 输架的旋转工作架，并在基架 31伸出的横梁 44和 66上安装了以 46为基础、基轴 47为支 柱的弧形门盖驾驶仓，其中：
[0018] ①起伏、折叠功能特征是：由液压 13和液压 14分别对 L、 P推拉而构成， 41和 63 分别是挖掘架上块 L和盛卸架上块 P的基轴， 40和 64分别是轴 41和 63在基架 31上的活 tsoj动槽，
[0019] ②旋转墩 Y '包括总盖 12到横轴 9之间内藏所有部件,其特征是：轴 8被横条 9固 定在机架 1上，轴 8内有供电线和绝缘层 123，顶部有供电环 129和 135， 125、 126为固定在 总盖 12的电刷， 124和 127为接线柱；
[0020] ③调向动力一体 Y包括行走部分所有部件，其特征是：有差速器 3、半轴 6和轮 155Ϊ子，有制动盘 43，有螺旋器 131推动有均匀放射状排列的齿条 130的轴 128，有 132为轴承 外圈、轴 128为内圈并以 106为滚柱的大轴承，总盖 122两侧有滑槽 7被机架 1限定而使轴 128旋转用以行走调节方向，其轮鼓 120上有实心轮胎 118、划泥板 119；
[0021 ] ④加宽横梁 5其特征是：一根两端 A、B各携辋齿 93的轮子 29并通过 E、F、G、H竖 块与前后的调向动力一体 Y的合页柱 C、 C'、 D、 D '相连的内有液压的伸缩楨梁；
160ΪΪ0022] ⑤自我装卸装置其特征是：由正反挖掘斗 23与块 U块 V支持的平行四边形丽 0P 以及安装在盛卸斗 24外底的固定限制卡 35、固定电磁 36、活动永磁 37、活动曲轴 38、固定 轴承座 94、活动液压 39以及托着盛卸斗 24四周的固定限定栏杆 54等配合组成；
[0023] ⑥伸缩传输架其特征是：由互反伸出块 15、 16上面的横轴 21、21， 33、被动传输轮 22、22 '、主动传输轮 42、齿轮 62以及电动机 30组成；
1651 [0024] 衔接头 18和块 I、块 K上面分别有为 19、20、393、21、21， 33等横轴配备供挂载和 传输装置用的孔，衔接头 18接受来自液压 32通过平行四边形 QRST关联形变传递的力、正 反挖掘斗 23以横轴 20为转轴接受来自液压 17的作用力而工作；
[0025] ⑦弧形门盖驾驶仓其特征是：安装在旋转工作架基架 31伸出的横条 66和 44上， 内有电气驾驶台 48，有竖条 88与平行横条 55、85、 84在弧形门盖 56 (又是门又是盖的弧形 Γ70 物）上组成隐形门盖椅；
[0026] "农林工程机"播种系统其特征是：由播种系统架、播种单元 152、播种排种器、变速 皮带轮组四部分构成，其中：
[0027] ①系统 其特征是:由系统架肋 149之间夹着相互平行的单元牵挂轴 141、有开沟 器 155的起畦板 156、系统提起杆 151、压土辊 171、两条分别有大齿轮 140、 150 '和正反螺旋 1751 165的肥料、种子分配筒 143、144和大齿轮中间的电动机小齿轮 160组成； [0028] ②播种行单元其特征是：同步轮 161及其皮带轮 139的、变速皮带轮 147、排种器 146以及其皮带轮 170、种子入土管 172、钻土犁 173等在单元条 152上平行于系统架肋 149 依次排列组装再通过单元套 148连接到单元牵挂轴 141上；
[0029] ②播种行单元其特征是：同步轮 161及其皮带轮 139的、变速皮带轮 147、排种 器 f SO] 1 6以及其皮带轮 170、种子入土管 172、钻土犁 173等在单元条 152上平行于系统架肋 149 依次排列组装再通过单元套 148连接到单元牵挂轴 141上；
[0030] ③种子穴轮其特征是：柱状的种子穴轮由在轴 178中段周围等长且均匀辐射排列 的种子穴基轴 193末端的弧形内、外丝 183、182和夹压在内、外丝之间的穴膜 187组成，其 中基轴 193末端有种子穴基环 195，垂直基轴 193的面伸出内丝 183，与轴 193成锐角的锥
【85】表面是外丝 182，穴膜 187夹压在两者间并使之相撑连成种子穴轮，两丝归集结环 184统一， 198为与 178平行的种子扫回轮轴， 199为轮叶，两轮平行接触成为播种排种器 146；
[0031 ] ④变速皮带轮组其特征是：由互反的两个极顶 147紧夹的若干片直径两端一致 弧形缺 169的反弓形半圆片 167以及众半圆片直径上的圆箍 166、半圆片上的弧中点缺口 176、卡环 177、调节轴 168等组成，
【90ϊ [0032] "农林工程机"播秧苗系统其特征是：播秧系统由起步轮 201、基架 228、排秧工作 板 229、电动机 20Γ、变速输出小链轮 202 '、泥面还原耙 230、环转的动力轴架 223、有长槽 222的单元驱动分配轴 208、驱动轴枢纽轴承套 237、播秧单元、担套 226、秧苗储 227等组 成，其中：秧苗储 227有中心轴，大体上象一串盘，盘底有平架，可转动；
[0033] 播秧单元其特征是：由秧盘架 219、有螺旋排列秧穴 218和相应排列轨道 220的螺
1 51旋秧盘 234、多级伸缩转轴护壳 215上有限定槽 224的末级转轴 235及其连带的压轨轮 210、 拔秧盘 211、助拔盘 212、伸缩协助架 213及其上面的助拔轮 232等组成 , 213的限定槽 214 在 215上， 216为限定销；
[0034] "农林工程机 "稻谷收割系统其特征是：系统由推力同步夹禾部分、电力刮谷部分、 链载集谷部分和电力风干等部分组成，其中：
[ l [0035〗 推力同步夹禾部分特征是：由起动轮 240、起动轮轴 244、同步链轮 241、242、同步 链条 243、同步分力轴 266、夹禾架由夹禾皮带 251、夹禾筋 252、两个夹禾皮带轮 248、托带 转辊 256以及夹禾装置板 255通过柱子 257与下面的伞齿轮组 246、247的轴套牢固构成架 子；
[0036] 电力刮谷部分其特征是：由链轮 302、捞禾豉 395、捞禾弯 394、刮谷豉 296、刮谷叉 ί 1051398等组成；
[0037] 链载集谷部分其特征是：由主动链轮 280、转折从动轮 290、收谷前从动轮 300、回 放从动轮 299和相互平行的扫谷毛轴 271、轴 272、压链轴 273、轴 274、轴 275、 轴 276以及 大齿轮 250、运谷链 425、导轨 281、导角运谷斗 267、漏斗集谷槽 265、出谷通道 282等组成，
[0038] 电力风干部分其特征是：由系统两侧一对有推动器 284、轴齿轮 285、内电接环 286 【110】且直通棚架 49内的盛卸斗 24的由横轴 278上的孔 293与横轴 33上的孔 53—起扛的转动 轴 253上的内有风干筒螺旋状导槽 283、风干电扇 287、风干筒轴鼓 29〗以及藏匿供电线路 的风千筒壁支撑杆 292的电力风干筒 254组成；
[0039] "农林工程机"收花生系统其特征是：系统由三棱状系统架、单元架两个夹拔轮、两 个互反转的单元采果除楂旋转螺旋体、集运部件、废料清除部件等组成，其中： 【115】[0(Η0] 三棱状系统架特征是：由底橫梁 304、307、竖条 310、直条 308和斜条 309以及单元 横挂轴 305、306和系统套 303组成，
[0041 ] 单元架其特征是：由单元连接套 313、连接杆 314、吊杆 315、轴基 316、连杆 322、直 撑杆 323组成，
[0042] 相协夹拔轮其特征是：由插拔器 320、导拔根 319、结合器 269和轮辋 318、导轨盘 【120】 321、变轨缺 326组成，
[0043] 转向互反的单元采果除楂旋转螺旋体其特征是：由转轴 331、螺旋片 332和采果指 333、出楂环 427、出楂杆 335、滚柱 334、出果口 339、340以及多组伞齿轮 337、338相背组装 形成；
[0044] 集运部件其特征是：由正反螺旋 401、402和集运槽 328、出果筒 329组成； 【125】[0045] 废料清除部件其特征是：由废料传输皮带轮 350、托辊 351和伞齿轮 348组成的；
[0046] "农林工程机 "其收割甘蔗系统其特征是：系统以拥有若干大小不同各有动力输入 输出轴口 403的齿轮 355、356、404依次啮合组成的有多种工作接合柄 352、多种接孔 358的 动力分配工作块 353为主导组成，有悬吊缠绕剥叶一体器和蔗茎切根、分段、传输一体两大 部分构成系统，其中：
Π301 [0047] 悬吊缠绕剥叶一体器其特征是：由动力分配工作块 353、正反割盘 354、导夹 364、 拨尾器 365、轴 361、悬吊缠绕器 360、剥叶杆 362、剥叶刺环 363组成；
[0048] 蔗茎切根、分段、传输一体其特征是：由动力分配工作块 353、正反割盘 354、371、 轨导夹盖 373、伞齿轮组 368、传动杆 370、输送带主轮 369、滑动轮 375、从动转辊 376组成； 其动力分配工作块 353的 358就分别套到横轴 19、20和 21或21 '上，
[0049] "农林工程机"打洞系统其特征是：一种可旋刨挖工作架，由多组两头均与垂直刨 挖轴 385成平行四边形活销结构的横条 382的中点跟接合环 379成平行切线活销式联系组 成，象交叉跷跷板样的可旋刨挖工作架，其垂直衔接中心轴 377上有可旋转的多层次接合 环 379套着，接合环 379上有 382的活销 381，垂直刨挖轴 385的下端 388两侧削平，固定有 正刃 405反刃 406的三角刀片，
【140】 [0050] "农林工程机 "刨沟整地系统其特征是：一种主装备刨梁 415、副装备刨梁 416、连 杆 418和合页活销件 417结合成的平行四边形，428、412是可旋轴，与其刨梁中点成活销联 系，限定刨梁的可旋度， 411为活销，液压 414通过连秆 418上的孔 419和槽 423作即时（工 作当时）形状固定；其中：420为刨挖头， 421为固定螺钉， 422为主装备刨梁 415两头的固 定块， 407、408分别是块 E '块 F'两头的横向活销轴， 413为起落液压， 410为电动机， 409为
【145】装置柜；
[0051 ] 说明书附图：
[0052] 图 1为农林工程机主机自装自卸状态；
[0053] 图 2为农林工程机撤出驾驶仓后的主机空挂时明显的结构状态；（后面的图为了 清晰起见都是撤出驾驶仓）
Ϊ 1501 [0054] 图 3为农林工程机弧形门盖驾驶仓；
[0055] 图 4为农林工程机的调向动力一体 Y的结构；
[0056] 图 5为农林工程机 Y的变速器结构；
[0057] 图 6为农林工程机旋转墩 Y ' 内部结构； [0058] 图 7为农林工程机播种系统整体结构；
£ !551 [0059] 图 8为农林工程机播种系统内部结构；
[0060] 图 9为农林工程机播种单元变速皮带轮结构放大；
[0061 ] 图 10为农林工程机播种系统排种器结构；
[0062] 图 11为农林工程机的排种器中的排种穴形成结构；
[0063] 图 12为农林工程机播秧系统及整机状态；
【½0】[0064] 图 13为农林工程机播秧单元结构细节；
[0065] 图 为农林工程机收稻谷系统结构；
[0066] 图 15为农林工程机收稻谷系统整机状态；
[0067] 图 16为农林工程机收稻谷同步装置；
[0068] 图 17为农林工程机收稻谷夹禾部件；
【165】 C0069] 图 18为农林工程机收稻谷系统深部细节结构；
[0070] 图 19为农林工程机收花生系统整机工作状态；
[0071 ] 图 20为农林工程机收花生系统的细节结构；
[0072] 图 21为农林工程机收花生系统同轴互反转组装；
[0073] 图 22为农林工程机动力分配工作块结构；
( 1170 J [0074] 图 23为农林工程机甘蔗收获系统的整机结构；
[0075] 图 24为农林工程机的造林打种植洞系统； ；
[0076] 图 25为农林工程机刨沟整地系统和水平起落平台；
[0077] 下面结合附图对主机总体结构进行分析说明：
[0078] 农林工程机是一种可跨领域使用、包括各类种子播种、播秧、收稻谷、收花生、收甘 【175】蔗、挖土修路、挖穴打洞、刨沟整地等工作系统且整机由供电 Z支持的农林工程通用机器， ; 其特征是：在加宽横梁 5和调向动力一体 Y构成的机架 1的旋转墩 V所承的基架 31上面 由块状合页类型结合的多个周边有块状延长构成关联形变传递功能的平行四边形 IJKL、 圆 0P、QRST等组成了一个有自我装卸功能、有挂载各工作系统功能的衔接头 18和可伸缩传 输架的旋转工作架，并在基架 31伸出的横梁 44和 66上安装了以 46为基础、基轴 47为支 【180】柱的弧形门盖驾驶仓，其中：
[0079] ①起伏、折叠功能结构是：由液压 13和液压 14分别对 L、 P推拉而构成， 41和 63 分别是挖掘架上块 L和盛卸架上块 P的基轴，40和 64分别是轴 41和 63在基架 31上的活 动槽，当液压 13和 14收缩到底线时平行四边形 IJKL和 MN0P同时折叠状态；
[0080] ②旋转墩 Y '包括总盖 12到横轴 9之间内藏所有部件,其结构是：轴 8被横条 9固 【185】定在机架 I上，轴 8内有供电线（未画）和绝缘层 123，顶部有供电环 129和 135，125、126 为固定在总盖 12的电刷， 124和 127为接线柱， 133为外圈 2上用以跟总盖 12固定的孔， 134 为此类孔上的螺钉， 136为螺旋器 11的变速器兼连轴承座， 112为在总盖 12上固定螺旋器 1 1的轴承座的螺钉，
[0081 ] ③调向动力一体 Y包括行走部分所有部件,其结构是：有差速器 3、半轴 6和轮子， Ϊ 190 J 4为差速器输出半轴 6的轴承外套（以内未画），有制动盘 43，有嫘旋器 131推动有均匀放 射状排列的齿条 130的轴 128，有 132为轴承外圈、轴 128为内圈并以 106为滚柱的大轴承， 总盖 122两侧有滑槽 7被机架 1限定而使轴 128旋转用以行走调节方向，其轮鼓 120上有 实心轮胎 118、划泥板 1 19；
[0082] 轴 128下部与轴承外套 4的中部连成倒 "丁"字形，交叉处内有差速器 3 (运用的现
【195】有技术，未画，标记仅指位置），齿轮 95的轴 （未画） 里端透过竖壁 105与差速器 3相连外 端分别有变速齿轮组 97、98、99相联系以取得不同速度档次，96为轴 100上的小齿轮， 101、 102、103分别是 97、98、99在外端竖壁 104上的轴承，电动机 107的轴 110通过外齿轮与变 速仓的输入轴 100相连（该齿轮未画）， 108为外圈 132上的螺钉孔， 109为外圈 132与 Y总 盖 122的固定螺钉， 1 13为轴承座 116的座基， 114为基上的固定用孔， 115为座基 113在 Y
【200】总盖 122上的固定螺钉， 117为螺旋器 131上的变速器， 121为螺旋器 131上的电动机；
[0083] ④加宽横梁 5其结构是：一根两端 A、B各携辋齿 93的轮子 29并通过 E、F、G、H竖 块与前后的调向动力一体 Y的合页柱 C、 C'、 D、 D '相连的内有液压的伸縮横梁；
[0084] ⑤自我装卸装置其结构是：由正反挖掘斗 23与块 U块 V支持的平行四边形 MN0P 以及安装在盛卸斗 24外底的固定限制卡 35、固定电磁 36、活动永磁 37、活动曲轴 38、固定
【2.05】轴承座 94、活动液压 39以及托着盛卸斗 24四周的固定限定栏杆 54等配合组成；73是正反 挖掘斗 23的后缘倒口，当液压 32充分长时 23上的货物顺 73倾倒到盛卸斗 24上，限定卡 35是固定在盛卸斗底部四周的突销，当电磁因电流方向而引起某磁极相吸板动曲轴 38到 某一边后液压 39开始作用，斗的一边开始提高，这时的限制卡 35被盛卸架上的限定栏杆 54 限定盛卸斗 24的下滑；液压 39缸体嵌卡在 0块上的 75处为力据点 （限定处）， 76是液压
L210139在折叠状态时缸体在块 M上占用的窝；
[0085] ⑥伸缩传输架其结构是：由互反伸出块 15、16上面的横轴 21、2 33、被动传输轮 22、22 '、主动传输轮 42、齿轮 62以及电动机 30组成；25、26、27、28分别是合页型块连结成 的挖掘架上的平行四边形 IJKL四个角上的空心轴，用于加宽传输架皮带托辊的插轴孔； [0086] 衔接头 18和块 I、块 Κ上面分别有为 19、20、393、21、21 ' 33等横轴配备供挂载和
【215】传输装置用的孔,衔接头 18接受来自液压 32通过平行四边形 QRST关联形变传递的力；
[0087] 22为伸縮传输架末端上的被动轮， 57是 22的轴承座， 60是轴承座 57的螺钉，前 后有栏杆孔 58备用， 15上有输送带托辊架 45 , 45上有上托辊子 50和下托辊 51 ;42为伸缩 传输架上跟被动轮 22—起承担传输带的主动轮， 62是紧挨 42的齿轮以承接来自电动机 30 的动力， 34是电动机 30的输出小齿轮， 61是主动横轴 33的轴承， 33两端上有收稻谷风干筒 I【220】轴孔 53；
[0088] ⑦弧形门盖驾驶仓其结构是：安装在旋转工作架基架 31平行伸出的横条 66和 44 上，内有电气驾驶台 48,有竖条 88与平行横条 55、85、84在弧形门盖 56 (又是门又是盖的弧 形物）上组成隐形门盖椅， 85为门椅架后横条， 87为椅足，88为椅背靠竖条，90和 89分别 为横条 84和 85在弧形门盖 56上的活动槽（驾驶员掀开弧形门盖 56进入驾驶仓内后先把 【225】弧形门盖 56往下关锁然后再把门盖椅前横条 55拉开，当驾驶员离开驾驶仓时有弹簧拉力 让门椅的 84和 85沿活动槽上移，55紧贴弧形壁） ；
[0089] 52是驾驶仓的弧形门盖 56的活动中心枢纽， 77是登仓梯子， 78为梯扶手， 79为承 载梯子的斜杆，80为驾驶仓地板，81是枢纽 52支撑杆，82为前照明灯， 83为后照明灯， 86、 92为弧形门盖 56上的结构横梁，86同时又是门椅支撑定杆，， 9 ]_是弧形门盖的支撑杆， 66、 【230】44从机架 31上平行伸出，是共同支持驾驶仓基墩 46的横梁，其上有限定环 65， 67是 44和
66上的限定销钉孔，驾驶仓基墩 46下方有临时寄存器 238以供临时放置诸如高压喷水、喷 农药装置等等，控制线路从基墩 46通过基轴 47进入电气指令控制台 48 (所有的指令都可 . 以实施为"正"和"反"或"零"三种并通过电气指令执行） ；
[0090] 以下对主机总体操作做进一步的说明。
【2351 [0091〗 1、起伏、折叠、挖掘架、盛卸架都是根据"平行线内角相等"和"平行四边形对角相 等"以及"交叉直线对顶角相等 "原理，液压 13、14、32运用了三角形角度总和不变的原理， 当 13、 14足够长时架子高，最短时折叠，液压 32最长时它两边的一对三角形顶角最大，这时 正反挖掘斗 23移到盛卸斗上并且可向盛卸斗 24倾倒，最短时衔接头伸得最长，并且可当挖 掘机使用。
Γ2 0Ι [0092] 2、衔接头 18和伸出块 15上的横轴 19、20、393、21、2Γ提供了各系统大可挂靠的 恰当位置；提（163)、拉（21、21 ' )、推（21、21，）、吊 （19、20、393)兼备，且横轴 19、20、393、 21、21 '可根据需要配套，即时即可换长短。
[0093] 3、正反挖掘斗 23以横轴 20为转轴接受来自液压 17的作用力而工作；72为挖斗 前缘用于搬运木材用的长铲牙（可卸）， 175为短挖牙， 73是其后缘倒口，当液压 32充分长 【245】时 23上的货物顺 73倾倒到盛卸斗 24上，正反挖掘斗 23底部有漏孔 174，平时关着用打开 并套上接管，即可输送粒状或液体；
[0094] 4、当加宽横梁 5最短时轮 29收起来，可以高速跑路，最长时可以顶住整个机身，加 大了机器的平稳，不管田野或山地，也不管是宽阔窄小，更不管有路是否，农林工程机都会 稳重、沉着、有程序地工作，
X25OJEO095] 5、调向动力一体 Υ的螺旋器 131推动有均匀放射状排列的齿条 130的轴 128，有 132为轴承外圈、轴 128为内圈并以 106为滚柱的大轴承，总盖 122两侧有滑槽 7被机架 λ 限定而使轴 128旋转用以行走调节方向，其轮鼓 120上有实心轮胎 118、划泥板 119；在公 路，实心胎承重,划泥板被提起，不损公共交通设备并可高速跑路，到田地上由于'实心胎窄， 可陷泥下,划泥板起了作用，由于它宽，可以大力划进；
2551:0096] 6、由于自身有两个动力，加大了行动的力度和速度，可以随意倒车，只需要旋转工 作架来个 180度，省去转弯得到了时间；
[0097] 7、供电 Ζ象心脏在中间，线路短而不重叠，液压、气压也能在附近，有了供电工作 系统就不必担心其动力安棑；
[0098] 8、衔接头 18接受来自液压 32通过平行四边形 QRST关联形变传递的力、正反挖掘 【260】斗 23以横轴 20为转轴接受来自液压 17的作用力而工作，使之能挖掘或铲或装卸且能载 物，在播种、播秧、甚至更多工作中起了重大作用，是机器不可缺少的一部分；
[0099] 9、自动装卸装置由正反挖掘斗与块 U块 V支持的平行四边形组删 0Ρ与安装在盛 卸斗 24外底的固定限制卡 35、固定电磁 36、活动永磁 37、活动曲轴 38、固定轴承座 94、·活动 液压 39以及托着盛卸斗 24四周的固定限定栏杆 54等组成；其中 73是正反挖掘斗的后缘 【265】倒口，当液压 32充分长时 23上的货物顺 73倾倒到盛卸斗 24上，限定卡 35是固定在盛卸 斗底部四周的突销，当电磁因电流方向而引起某磁极相吸板动曲轴 38到某一边后液压 39 幵始作用，盛卸斗 24的一边开始提高，这时的限制卡 35被盛卸架上的限定栏杆 54限定盛 卸斗 24的下滑，这种装置可使盛卸斗 24随意向左或右倾倒；
[0100] 棚架 49下窄顶宽，可避风雨工作，装载时可短时拉开蓬布，卸载蓬不倒；
1270) [0101 ] 10、盛卸斗 24自备两个斗叠为一体使用能加强压力，需要时可取出反盖成水箱： 71是放水孔， 59是改装用的固定孔，一着成多用，有备无患，；
[0102] 11、刨沟整地系统由于紧密结合到主机上，当主机一部分来说明：只要调整 414长 度或在槽 423的位置就能做平整、起高畦、开深沟、松土或耙地的工作，还可当载物平台使 用，相当于延长了机身空间，当衔接头 18承重时刨沟整地系统平衡了整个机身；
i l275j[0103] 12、弧形门盖驾驶仓让驾驶员出入方便且开门不碍路，它建筑在支柱状基轴 47 上，
[0104] 省略了空间，给收稻谷风干筒的合理安置创造了条件，又由于驾驶仓于高处，所以 驾驶员在田间 （比如收甘蔗）不会受到灰尘污染；
[0105] 附图说明以及具体实施方案以上是对主机总体操作说明，以下结合附图标注对各
1280】系统逐一具体说明
[0106] 播种系统说明：播种系统由系统架、播种单元架变速皮带轮组三部分构成，其中： 系统架肋 149之间垂直夹着相互平行的单元牵挂轴 141、有开沟器 155的起畦板 156、系统 提起杆 151 (杆中段连接 163又接 393，提起时连带了单元条 152，放下时又放下了单元条）、 压土辊 171、两条分别有大齿轮 140、 150和正反螺旋 165的肥料、种子分配筒 143、 144,大齿
1 85】轮中间是电动机小齿轮 160，
[0107] 24是盛卸斗（连内备共三斗叠为一体使用，需要时可取出反盖成水箱：71是放水 孔， 59是改装用的固定孔），，液压 39缸体嵌卡在 0块上的 75处为力据点（限定处）， 76是 液压 39在折叠状态时缸体在块 M上占用的窝，
[0108] 衔接头 18上的正反挖掘斗 23盛肥料， 142是盛卸斗 24自备内斗反盖装成的水箱， 【290】 159为水箱固定镙钉，种子斗 154叠在水箱上， 157、 158和 162分别是种子、肥料和水的自流 输送管道， 145是寄存器 238上的高压泵， 164是高压水管， 153为喷头，系统提起链 163—头 与提起栏杆 151相连另一头挂到横销 393上，其系统架基套 138套到伸缩块 15上的横轴 21 或 2 的两端，工作时后退牵拉行进；自载了肥料，自各了水箱，种子在棚子，下雨不慌张； 有开沟器 155的起畦板 156利用了刨沟出来的土铺平了坑坑洼洼再播种，沟深，畦平整齐划 【295】一，又达到防水灾
[0109] 变速皮带轮组由互反的两个极顶 147紧夹的若干片直径两端一致弧形缺 169的反 弓形半圆片 167， 166为众半圆片直径上的圆箍， 176为其弧中点上的推拉缺口， 177 为调节 轴 168上的卡环，旋调 168拉动 176即可形成深浅不同的皮带槽而改变皮带轮组状态即可 调整播种株距；
! ί300Ι [01 10] 播种行单元说明：同步轮 161及其皮带轮 139的、变速皮带轮 147、排种器 146以 及其皮带轮 170、种子入土管 172、钻土犁 173等在单元条 152上平行于系统架肋 149依次 排列组装再通过单元套 148连接到单元牵挂轴 141上，调节行单元即可改变行距离；'
[01 1 1 ] 柱状的种子穴轮由夹压在弧形伸出的内、外丝 183、182在轴 178周围共同支撑穴 膜 187而形成，其中轴 178中段有等长均匀辐射排列的种子穴基轴 193，基轴 193末端有种 【305】子穴基环 195，垂直基轴 193的面伸出内丝 183，与轴 193成锐角的锥表面是外丝 182，穴膜 187夹压在两者间并使之相撑连成种子穴轮，两丝归集结环 184统一， 198为与 178平行的 种子扫回轮轴，199为轮叶，两轮平行接触成为播种排种器 146；这种结构带来了投资小、调 整方便的好处；
[01 12] 种子穴基轴 193身上有纵向活动槽 192和螺母 180上下推拉的螺纹，螺母 180在相 【310】互连结的上卡 186和下卡 181之间， 183和 182通过纵向槽 192连结到与上下卡 186、 181连 结的集结环 184上靠螺母 180推拉实现伸縮一致（种子穴因内、外丝的伸缩支撑而大小）， 185为外伸缩丝导管， 190为内伸缩丝导槽， 189为内伸缩丝的压顶盖 188的纵向剖面， 195 为种子穴基环，套在种子穴基轴 193末端的外圈 191处， 194为其内圈， 188插到内圈 194上， 196为压膜环片， 197螺母调节片， 179为调节孔，旋转 197即可改变所有螺母 180而实现伸
【315】缩丝 183、182)，其上方有以 198为平行轴、以 199为轮叶的种子扫回轮，排种器下方伸出管 口向后的种子入土管 172，开土小犁 173焊到这管上（虚线表示看不见部分），犁尖向前方， 种子出孔朝后，这样播种能自动盖土且种子破土容易，大雨也不露根倒伏，同时带水播种能 让种子萌芽快得到时间；
[01 13] 种子放在水箱高处上，当种子通过管 157自己流到 165处就会被相反的螺旋分散 到两头各单元入口，正反挖掘斗上的肥料随意提高，所以一样流程。
[01 14] 电动机小齿轮 160在 140、150中间，一动就都动。
[01 15] 播秧苗系统的说明：由起步轮 201、排秧工作板 229、秧苗储 227、动力轴架 223以 及播秧单元组成，系统套 200套在横轴 21 '上，相连的是排秧工作板 229以及它支持的能环 转的动力轴架 223 , 222为贯通每一单元的单元驱动分配轴 208上的长槽；
【325】 [01 16] 播秧单元由挂到秧盘架 219上有螺旋排列秧穴 218和相应排列轨道 220的螺旋秧 盘 234以及多级伸缩转轴护壳 215上有限定槽 224的末级转轴 235及其连带的（箭头表示 转动方向）压轨轮 210、拔秧盘 211、助拔盘 212、伸缩协助架 213及其上面的助拔轮 232等 组成， 213的限定槽 214在 215上， 216为其限定销；其中：
[01 17] 拔秧盘 212用一边紧靠助拔盘 211，是一对相夹的轮子， 211主动， 212从动，一起转 【330】动能夹起秧苗根并将它拔起来；
[01 18] 多级伸缩转轴护壳 215的末级转轴 235和伸缩协助架 213的长短自动根据压轨轮 210在螺旋秧盘 234上的进度而改变；
[01 1 9] 231为助拔轮 232固定在伸缩协助架 213上的轴， 232的作用是延长拔出秧苗的动 作距离和力度， 236为上一级转轴伸到末级转轴长槽 224里的限定销， 233为助拔盘 212的
【335】定心轴，217为秧盘架 219的支架 209末端伸出的秧盘架轴，秧盘架 219套在这轴上，秧盘 234和秧盘架 219相依相随相套，221为秧盘架 219的支架 209的限定拦杆，
[0120] 228为起步轮 201支持的系统基架， 230为泥面还原耙，237为单元驱动轴 208中点 枢纽，动力有两种：株距严格的选择同步，非严格且要求快的可选择电动机，
[0121 ] 同步由起步轮 201通过小链轮 202、链条 203、大链轮 204再通过筒套 205内的转
【340】动轴上的伞齿轮 225带动伞齿轮 206和其轴 207然后带动 208达遍轴架 223上的所有播秧 单元，选择电动可把链条 203从 202上取下接到电动机 20 的变速器输出小链轮 202 '上 即可；
[01 22] 衔接头 18上的横轴 19、20—起担挂担套 226 '和秧苗储 227，提起链 163—头挂到 横销 393上一头接到排秧工作板 229的横向中段， （提起链 163另一侧还有另一个动力轴 【345】架 223)横轴 21牵拉播秧系统套 200和它连接的排秧工作板 229以及它支持的能环转的动 力轴架 223，这种装置能让工作不停滞,提高了工作速度；
[0123] 秧苗储 227有中心轴，大体上象一串盘，每盘底有平架托着，可转动，
[0124] 大量的备用的秧苗可放在秧苗储 227不妨碍人员的行动，行宽可调节单元主动轴 208上的单元距离，当架子前一面的秧苗用完立即转动动力轴架 180度把装好秧苗的另一 13501面排正位置并把多级伸缩转轴护壳 215绕轴 208旋转 90度对准螺旋秧盘 234的螺旋入口 安放好压轨轮 210 (压轨轮 210会自动拨动螺旋秧盘 234拔秧直至完全结束）、拔秧盘 211、 ' 助拔盘 212即可又自动工作，全流程又快又自动，工作人员只是站在工作板 229上等待装秧 苗盘；
[01 25] 农林工程机稻谷收割系统说明：全系统由推力同步夹禾系、电力刮谷系、链载集 【355】谷系和电力风干系等部分组成，推力同步夹禾部分有起动轮 240、起动轮轴 244、同步链轮 24 242和同步链条 243、同步分力轴 266、夹禾皮带 251、夹禾筋 252以及两个夹禾皮带轮 248组成，夹禾装置板 255通过柱子 257与下面的 246、247齿轮的轴套牢固构成架子， 256 为夹禾皮带 251的托辊；
[01 26] 谷禾先由捞禾豉 395、捞禾弯 394喂进两条夹禾皮带压紧禾杆再由电力刮谷豉 13601296、刮谷叉 398刮出谷粒最后由割盘 263割禾，刮出的谷粒由扫谷毛杆 271扫到运谷链 425 上的导角运谷斗 267上运到集谷槽 265上倾倒，再通过出谷通道 282自流进入风干筒 254 最后流入盛卸斗 24上；
[01 27] 电力刮谷系由链轮 302、捞禾豉 395、捞禾弯 394、刮谷豉 296、刮谷棘圈 398等组 成，通过电动机 270的链轮（未能显示）、链条 297带动链轮 260、刮谷鼓 296再通过小链轮
【365】 298、链条 397带动链轮 302、捞禾豉 395同时工作， 396是刮谷鼓 296的轴， 301为捞禾支撑 杆， 294为有槽支撑调节杆；（同步分力轴 266的动力通过水平架 245时有两次伞齿轮关联 未画，然后传到伞齿轮组 246、247，246还通过轴 424传到对应的另一头的 " 247 "，安装时务 使前后两个夹禾皮带轮 248同一方向转动） ；399是轴 272通过链轮（未能显示）传到割禾 分力轴 426的链条，割禾轴 261通过伞齿轮从轴 426得到动力带动割盘 263和拨禾臂 262，
13701 288为同步装置护壳；
[0128] 链载集谷装置由主动链轮 280、转折从动轮 290、收谷前从动轮 300、回放从动轮 299和相互平行的扫谷毛轴 271、轴 272、压链轴 273、轴 274、轴 275、轴 276以及大齿轮 250、 运谷链 425、导轨 281、导角运谷斗 267 (其是一长槽状的斗，在链条的内侧，当通过主动链轮 280后已经被 280的轴 272翻过来成 258、259状态，即表示它准备进入装载的底部和导角状
【375】态， 267未卸导角， 268已卸导角， 277载运中斗身， 289己卸斗身状态）、漏斗集谷槽 265、出 谷通道 282等组成，其中：
[0129] 281为导角运谷斗导角 267的导轨（导轨的作用是当导角运谷斗 267到达链条转 弯的收谷前从动轮 300时把平，一离开导轨就会倾倒成 268状态） ；
[01 30] 电力风千装置由两侧一对直通棚架 49内的盛卸斗 24的旋转风干筒 254完成，横 【380】轴 278是支撑 265的同时有孔 293与横轴 33上的孔 53—起扛风干筒 254的转动轴 253， 279是 278的轴承支座， 264为一侧斜漏斗集谷槽 265的支座，286为风干筒轴的内电接环， 284为风干筒轴齿轮 285的推动器， 283为风干筒螺旋状导槽，287为风干电扇， 291为内有 供电线路的风干筒轴鼓， 292为内有供电线路的风干筒壁支撑杆，249为系统骨架， 239为系 统连接套， 295为跟提起链 163联系的系统提起环，当需要起程转移时只需要把衔接头抬高 t385】（加长液压 32)整个系统全部离地面即可行走（因为扛轴 253的轴 278、33都是可转动的）， 工作全程自动；
[01 31 ] 农林工程机收花生系统说明：系统由相协夹拔轮、互反的单元采果除楂旋转螺旋 体、集运部件和废料清除部件组成，其中由插拔器 320、导拔根 319、结合器 269和轮辋 318、 导轨盘 321、变轨缺 326组成的相协夹拔轮， （变轨的目的是让这段距离上的插拔器 320平
1390】行利于单元采果除楂旋转螺旋体采果），
[0132] 由转轴 331、螺旋片 332和采果指 333、出楂环 427、出楂杆 335、滚柱 334、出果口 339, 340以及多组伞齿轮 337、338相背组装成转向互反的单元采果除楂旋转螺旋体，（相背 组装成转向互反的目的是从插拔器 320的两侧从下往上采果）；
[0133] 由正反螺旋 401、402和集运槽 328、出果筒 329组成集运部件；
1395 J [01 34] 由废料传输皮带轮 350、托辊 351和伞齿轮 348组成的废料清除部件；结合器 269 为一个中段有活销孔的管子，纵向分成两半嵌套在轮辋 318上作 319、320的结合点， 316为 对应斜夹拔轮轴基， 317为相协夹拔轮辐， 389为轮轴，429、430分别是伞齿轮 337、338匹配 的伞齿轮（带动单元互反采果除楂旋转螺旋体的伞齿轮），431为 430所属的轴承套，单元 架由单元连接套 313、连接杆 314、吊杆 315、轴基 316、连杆 322、直撑杆 323组成， （这种安 t400】装能调整单元距离）；
[0135] 三棱状系统架由底横梁 304、307、竖条 310、直条 308和斜条 309以及单元横挂轴 305 , 306和系统套 303组成，单元套 323、313分别套到 305、306上，系统套 303接到横轴 21 上，
[0136] 22'为加宽传输轮，311为轴 336上的轴承座， 312为轴 336上的伞齿轮组护套， 330 .1405】为 336上销槽，327为接果槽， 400为电动机， 341为它的输出小齿轮， 342为与 341接触的 大齿轮，343为与 342同轴 336上的小链轮，由它带动链轮 345再到 347， 344、 346分别是它 们间的传动链条， 324为采果除楂旋转螺旋体基部轴承， 349为匹配伞齿轮 348的伞齿轮轴 (即废料传输皮带轮 350的轴），325为减少摩擦阻力的转套；
[0137] 在未变轨前的两轮辋上的插拔器 320是交叉着的，这样有利于拔起花生，当花生 进入采果范围内整株的花生已经垂直暴露，采果指 333固定在螺旋片 332边缘，可以象 手 指一样将花生果叉到指缝间割断（333有利的一面）其系索将其采收,为了让单元采果除楂 旋转螺旋体采果时不碰撞 320所以必须让 320平行，所以要变轨；由于花生有自重，单元采 果除楂旋转螺旋体斜着旋转采果的同时将它移动到出果口 339、340，又由于采果指 333的 间距不容花生漏出的，当机器转动时就是筛选，也除去了泥土；当花生落到系统集运槽 328 【415】里，由转动的正反螺旋（正反螺旋的作用是把系统上的花生果都收集到 329处） 401、402推 动到出果筒 329落到由被动传输轮 22、22 '、主动传输轮 42组成的传输带上被输送到盛卸斗 24上；
[0138] 农林工程机其收甘蔗系统说明；
[0139] 系统由以拥有若干大小不同各有动力输入输出轴口 403的齿轮 355、356、404依次 M20】啮合组成的有多种工作接合柄 352、多种接孔 358的动力分配工作块 353为主导组成的有正 反割盘 354、拨尾器 365、轴 361、悬吊缠绕器 360 (由齿轮 357、359组成）、剥叶杆 362、剥叶 刺环 363的悬吊缠绕剥叶一体器和动力分配工作块 353、正反割盘 354、371、轨导夹盖 373、 伞齿轮组 368、传动杆 370、输送带主轮 369、滑动轮 375、从动转辊 376组成的蔗茎切根、分 段、传输一体装置构成；其中：
14251 [0140] 动力分配工作块 353的 358就分别套到横轴 19、20和 21.上， 366、367为电动机， 374为备用孔 58上的动力分配工作块 353的水平提起挡销， 372为 371的护壳； [0141 ] 工作全程自动：甘蔗在导夹 364引导下进入工作块 353首先被剪切了尾端紧接着 又被缠绕清除了干叶马上被切除了根，由于机器在前进，切了根的甘蔗的根部被推向前，于 是便倒到轨导夹盖 373 (轨导夹盖 373是一块光滑的头尖的拱形板，既可起到轨的作用将甘 ί430】蔗拢竖又能象盖那样保护 353上的机器 )里面马上被切成段掉落在以输送带主轮 369带动 的输送带上被传送到由被动传输轮 22、22 '、主动传输轮 42组成的传输带上又被输送到盛 卸斗 24上（其弯度由于分段而不再突出），工作人员只要把机器对准工作对象即可；
[0142] 农林工程机打洞系统的说明：一种多组其两头与垂直刨挖轴 385成平行四边形活 销结构的横条 382的中点跟接合环 379成平行切线活销式联系成交叉跷跷板式可旋刨挖工 f435j作架，其垂直衔接中心轴 377上有多层次接合环 379套着，接合环 379上有 382的活销 381， 垂直刨挖轴 385的下端 388两侧削平，固定有正刃 405反刃 406的三角刀片，其 中：386为 刀片固定螺钉， 380为可旋接合环 379在中心轴 377上的定形螺钉， 384为垂直平行转轴 385 的轴承套， 383为 382在 384上的活销， 387为刨挖轴 385的护管， 390为电动机， 391为电 动机轴护管， 378为中心轴 377的拉耳，392为其拉销（可见到 377被液压 17拉紧而让横轴
14401 393 , 20嵌入的状态），
[0143] 工作人员只需要旋转接合环 379定好株行距离并旋好环上的定型螺钉 380即可完 成打洞前准备，然后看准前进路线，并选择所打洞的位置然后将衔接头放下（将液压 32缩 短）按下电钮，一两秒钟就可打四个洞，由于每组横梁 382间互相平行，所以两头上的刨挖 轴不管怎样都是垂直而且同时到达地面的 (因为压力来自 382的中点），另一组也同样；
1445} [0H4] 农林工程机刨沟整地系统说明：一种主装备刨粱 415、副装备刨梁 416、连杆 418和 合页活销件 417结合成的平行四边形再由 428、412为其刨梁中点限定可旋轴并以 411为活 销的耕刨工作架，液压 414通过连杆 418上的孔 419和槽 423作实时（工作时）形状固定； 其中：420为刨挖头， 421为固定螺钉， 422为主装备刨梁 415两头的固定状况， 407、408分别 是块 E '块 F '两头的横向活销轴， 413为起落液压， 410为电动机， 409为装置柜，当把液压
C4SQ] 413加长系统即可水平提起，当把液压 414縮短并使主装备刨梁 415副装备刨梁 416持平即 可平地，若需要调换工作方向可以取下活销 411把整个平行四边形来个 180度转动再放回 活销即可。
1.机架 46.驾驶仓基墩 91.支撑杆 136.变速器兼轴承座
2.外圑 47.支柱（驾驶仓） 92.结构横梁 137.直接衔接头的下块
3.差速器 48.电气驾驶台 93.辆齿 138.系统架基套
4.轴承外套 49.欐架 94. S定轴承座 皮带轮
5.加宽横梁 50.托辊子 95.齿轮 140.大齿轮
6.半轴 5ί.下托辊 96.小齿轮 141,单元挂载轴
7.滑槽 52.枢纽 97.变速齿轮 142.水箱
8.轴 53.轴孔 98. 齿轮 143.肥料分 筒
9.横条 54.限定栏杆 99.变速齿轮 144.种子分配筒
10.齿条 55.平行横条 嫩输入轴 145.高压泵
11.螺旋器 56.弧形门盖 101,轴承 146, (播种)排种器
12»总盖 57.轴承座 102.轴承 147.极顶（¾¾ ^带轮的代表〉
13.液压 58.栏杆孔 m.轴承 148.单元套
14.液压 59·固定孔 104.竖壁（外） 149.系统架肋
15.块 I的伸出块 60.螺钉 105.竖壁（内） 150.大齿轮
16.块 K的伸出块 61.轴承 106.滚柱（大轴承） 151.系统赌衧
Π.液压 62.齿轮 107.电动机 152.单元条
18.衔接头 63.基轴 跳蝙钉孔 153.喷头
19.横轴 64.活动槽（63专用） 109.S定樓钉 154.种子斗
0.横轴 65.限定环 110·轴 155.开沟器
1.横轴 66.横梁（驾驶仓〉 111.为 132上的缺口 156.起难板
67.限定销钉孔 "2.練钉 157种子管.
3.正反挖撋斗 68.截 ffi (Z与机架间连结） 113.座基 158.雜管
4.飾斗 69.液压 32的着力点 114.固定用孔 159.¾¾«钉
5.空心轴 70.液压 32的着力点 】15.固定缠钉 160.输入小齿轮
6.空心轴 71. (水箱） 孔 "6-轴承座 161.行同歩轮
7.空心轴. 72.长铲牙 1 Π.舰器 162.水管
8.空心轴 73.后缘倒口 （23上） U8.实心 163.赌链
9.轮子 74M& 17对 23的推拉轴 119.划泥板 164.髙压水管
0.电动机 75. ¾Λ据点 120.轮鼓 i65. ESMM
1.基架 76.窝（缺口） 121.电动机 166.圑養
77.登仓梯子 122.总盖 167.半豳片
3.横轴 78.梯扶手 123.麟层 8.调节轴
4.狳出小齿轮 79.斜杆 124.難柱 跳 ¾形缺
5.固定限制卡 80.驾驶仓地板 125.柳 J 170.冊器皮带轮
6.固定械 81.支撑杆 126.柳 171.转辗
7.活动永磁 82.前照明灯 127.接线柱 172.种子入土管
8.¾¾曲轴 83.后照明灯 128.轴 Π3.小犁
9.活动 ¾Lffi 84.平行横条 129.供 Π4.漏孔
0.活动槽（41专用） 85.平行横条 130.齿条
86.结构横梁 131扇器 176.孤中点缺口
2.主动碰轮 87.椅足 132.轴承外豳 177.卡环
3.制动盘 88.竖条 133.固定孔 Π8.轴（拌种器）
4.横梁（驾驶仓） 89.活动檐 134.據钉 179.调节孔
5.托辊架 90.活动槽 135.供电环 180.繳母 181，下卡 226.担套 271.扫谷毛轴 316·轴基
182.外丝 227.秧苗储 272.轴 317.夹拔轮辐
183.内丝 22«.基架 273.压链轴 318.轮辋
184.集结环 229. (拌秧 >工作板 274.轴 319.导拔根
185.外伸缩丝导管 230,还原 «5 275.轴 320.插拔器
186.上卡 231.轴 276.轴 321.导
187.穴膜 2324 &拔轮 277.运载中斗身 322.连杆
188.压顶盖 233.定心轴 278.横轴 323.直捸杆
189.为 188纵向割面 234.螺旋秧盘 279.轴承支座 324.轴承（位置）
190.内伸缩丝导槽 235.末级转辊 280.主动链轮 325.转套
191.与 184相对的外圈 236.限定销 281,导轨 326.变轨缺
192.活动槽 237.轴承套 282.出谷職 327.接果槽
193.种子穴基轴 238.寄存器 283.导槽 328.集运槽
194.与 191相对的内攮 239.系统连接套 284.推动器 329.出果筒
195.种子穴基环 240.起动轮 285.轴齿轮 330纖
196.压膜环片 241.同步链轮 286.内接电环 331.转轴
197.螺母调节片 242.同雜轮 287. 332.螺旋片
198.扫回轮轴 243.同步链条 288.护壳 333.采果指
199.轮叶 244,起动轮轴 289.S卸斗身状态 334.滚柱
200.系统套 245.水平架 290.转折从动轮 335.出楂杆
201.起步轮 246.伞齿轮 291.轴鼓 336.轴
202.小链轮 247.伞齿轮 292.支撑杼 337.伞齿轮
203.链条 248.夹末皮带轮 293.孔 338.伞齿轮
204.大链轮 249.系统骨架 294.调节杆 339.出果口
205.筒套 250.大齿轮 295.系统鹚环 340.出果口
206.賴轮 251.夹末皮带 2%.刮谷鼓 341.输出小齿轮
207, (伞齿轮）轴 252.夹未筋 297.链条 342.大齿轮
分配轴（主动轴〉 253.转动轴 小链轮 343.小齿轮
209.支架 254.风干筒 299.回放从动轮 344.链条
210.压轨轮 255.夹宋装置板 300.卸谷前从动轮 345.链轮
2".拔秧盘 256.托带转辊 301.支撺杆 346.链条
212.助 257.柱子 302.链轮 347.链轮
213.伸缩协助架 258.斗身状态 303.系统套 348.伞齿轮
214.限定槽 259.斗身状态 底横粱 349.轴
215. (伸缩转辊）护壳 260.链轮 305.单元横挂轴 350疆皮带轮
216.限定销 261.割末轴 306.单元横 轴 351.托饞
217.秧盘架轴 262.拨末臂 307.底横梁 352.接合柄
218.秧穴 263.献 308.直条 353.工作块
219.秩盘架 264.轴承支座 309. 354.正反割盘
220.腿 265.漏斗集谷槽 310.竖条 355.齿轮
221.限定栏杆 266.同步分力轴 311.轴承座 356.齿轮
222·长槽 267.未卸导角（运谷斗） 312.护壳 357.齿轮
223.动力轴架 卸导角（运谷斗） 313.单¾¾接套 358.接孔
224.限定樣 269.结合器 314.職杆 359.猶
225.伞齿轮 270.电动机 315.吊杆 360.悬吊缠绕器 361.插入轴 406.反刃 A.加宽横梁 5的端点
362.剥叶杆 407. (Ε' )的横向活销轴 B.加宽横梁 5的端点
363.剥叶刺环 408. CF' )的横向活销轴 C.合页柱
364.导夹 409 C 合页柱.
365.拨尾器 410.电动机 D.合页柱.
366.电动机 411.中点活销 D' 合页柱
367.电动机 2.可旋轴 E.连结" C"和 的竖块连杆
368.伞齿轮组 413.起落液压 E' 平块.（构^ ¾落架的平^一）
369.麟带主轮 414.液压 F.连结 和 的竖块连杆
370.传动杆 415. 装备刨梁 F' 平块.（构^ ¾架的平 一）
371.正反割盘 416.副装备刨梁 G连结 和 的竖块连杆
372护壳 417.合页活销件 H. "A"和《D' "的竖块连杆
373轨导夹盖 418.主副刨梁两头间的 ¾块连杆。 I.平块（组成 IJKL平行四边形的块 "I")
374.挡销（或称栏杆） 419.孔 1.平块（组成 UKL平行四边形的块" J")
375.滑动轮 420.刨挖头 K平块（组成 UKL平行四边形的块 "K")
376.转辊 421.固¾«钉 L.平块（组成 UKL平行四 ϋ ^的块 "L">
377.衔接中心轴 422.固定块 M平块（组成 MNOP平行四边形的块 "M")
378.拉耳 423.槽 N.平块（组成 1«>P平行四 ί&^的块" N")
379.接合环 424.轴（收稻谷部分） O.平块（组成 平行四边形的 "O")
380.定型嬡钉 425.运谷链 P.平块（组成 MNOP平行四边形的 "P"〉
381.活销 426,轴 Q平块（组成 QRST平行四边形的块 "Q")
382.横条 427.出植环 .平块（组成 QRST平行四边形的块 "R")
383.活铕 428,可旋轴 S.平块（钽成 QRST平行四边形的块 "S")
384.轴承套 429.伞齿轮 T平块（组成 QRST平行四边形的块 "T")
385.垂直刨挖轴 430.伞齿轮 U支持块
386.刀片固 ¾«钉 431.轴承套 V支持块
387.护管 21 ' 横轴 W.液压 32的力臂之一
388. (刨挖轴）下端 22, 被动 轮 X.横轴（¾Ε〗7的可旋 ®定与着力点）
389,轮轴 201 ' 电动机 Y.调向动力一体.
390.电动机 202' 小链轮 Y.' 旋转缴
391. (电动机）护管
392.拉销
393.横轴
394.捞末弯
395.捞禾鼓
396.轴
397.链条
398.刮谷叉
399.链条
400.电动机
401,正反螺旋
402.iES*！旋
403.轴口
404.齿轮纖置〉
405.正刃

Claims

1. 一种可跨领域使用的包括各类种子播种、播秧、收稻、收花生、收甘蔗、挖土修路、打 植树洞、刨沟整地等工作系统的有电力 （z)支持的有起伏、折叠、旋转和自我装卸功能的农 林工程机，其特征是：在加宽横梁（5)和调向动力一体（Y)构成的机架（1)的旋转墩（Υ' ) 所承的基架（31)上面由块状合页类型结合的多个周边有块状延长构成关联形变传递功能 t5】的平行四边形（IJKL、 MNOP, QRST)等组成了一个有自我装卸功能、有挂载各工作系统功能 的衔接头（18)和可伸缩传输架的旋转工作架，并在基架（31)伸出的横梁（44〉和（66)上 安装了以（46)为基础、基轴（47)为支柱的弧形门盖驾驶仓，其中：
①起伏、折叠功能由液压（13)和液压（14)分别对（L、P)推拉而构成， (41)和（63)分 别是挖掘架上块 (D和盛卸架上块 (Ρ)的基轴， (40)和 (64)分别是轴 (41)和 (63)在基
【10】架（31)上的活动槽，
②旋转墩 Y '包括总盖（12)到横轴（9)之间内藏所有部件，轴（8)被横条（9)固定在 机架（1)上，轴（8) 内有供电线和绝缘层（123)，顶部有供电环（129)和（135)， (125. 126) 为固定在总盖 (12)的电刷， (124)和 (127)为接线柱，
③调向动力一体（Υ)包括行走部分所有部件：有差速器 3、半轴（6)和轮子，有制动盘 115】（43)，有螺旋器（131)推动有均匀放射状排列的齿条（130)的轴（128)，有（132)为轴承外 圈、轴（128)为内圈并以（106)为滚柱的大轴承，总盖（122)两侧有滑槽（7)被机架（1)限 定而使轴（128)旋转用以行走调节方向，其轮鼓（120)上有实心轮胎（118)、划泥板（1 19) ；
④加宽横梁（5)是一根两端（A、B)各携辋齿（93) 的轮子（29)并通过（E、 F、 G、 H)竖 块与前后的调向动力一体（Y)的合页柱（C、C '、D、D ' )相连的内有液压的伸缩横梁。 '
«201 2. 根据权利要求 1所述的农林工程机"自我装卸功能"的装置，其特征是：由正反挖掘 斗 23与块（II)块（V)支持的平行四边形组（MN0P)以及安装在盛卸斗（24)外底下的固定限 制卡（35)、固定电磁（36)、活动永磁（37)、活动曲轴（38)、固定轴承座（94)、活动液压（39) 以及托着盛卸斗（24)四周的固定限定栏杆（54)互相配合组成：（73)是正反挖掘斗（23)的 后缘倒口，当液压 (32)充分长时 (23)上的货物顺 (73)倾倒到盛卸斗 (24)上。
|251 3. 根据权利要求 1所述的农林工程机"有挂载各工作系统功能的衔接头（18)和可伸 缩传输架"其特征是：伸缩传输架由块（I)和块 00分别互反伸出块（15、16)上面的横轴 (2Κ 2Γ 33、 )被动传输轮（22、22 ' )、主动传输轮（42)、齿轮（62) 以及电动机（30)组成， 衔接头（18)和块（1)、块（K)上面分别有为（19、20、393、21、21 ' 33)等横轴配备供挂载和 传输装置用的孔。
1301 4.根据权利要求 1所述的农林工程机"弧形门盖驾驶仓"其特征是：弧形门盖驾驶仓安 装在旋转工作架基架（31)伸出的横条（66)和（44)上，内有电气驾驶台（48)，有竖条 (88) 与平行横条（55、85、84)在弧形门盖（56)上组成隐形门盖椅。
5.根据权利要求 1所述的农林工程机的 "播种系统"其特征是：由系统架、播种行单元、 排种器、变速皮带轮等部分构成，其中：系统架由系统架肋（149)之间夹着相互平行的单元
135】挂载轴（141)、中央有开沟器（155)的起畦板（156)、系统提起杆（151)、转辊（171)、两条分 别有大齿轮（140、 150)和正反螺旋（165)的肥料、种子分配筒（143、 144)，大齿轮中间是电 动机输入小齿轮（160)。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的农林工程机播种系统 "播种行单元 "其特征是：行同步 轮（161)及其皮带轮（139)、以 （] 47)为代表的变速皮带轮、排种器（146) 以及其皮带轮 萄 3 (170)、种子入土管（172)、钻土犁（173)等平行于系统架肋（M9)依次排列组装在单元条 (152)上再通过单元套（148)连接到单元挂载轴（141)上。
7.根据权利要求 5所述的农林工程机播种系统 "排种器"其特征是：柱状的种子穴轮 由在轴（178)中段周围等长且均匀辐射排列的种子穴基轴（193)末端的弧形内、外丝（183、 182)和夹压在内、外丝之间的穴膜（187)组成，其中基轴（193)末端有种子穴基环（195)， f45】垂直基轴 (193)的面伸出内丝（183)，与轴 (193)成锐角的锥表面是外丝（182)，穴膜 (187) 夹压在两者间并使之相撑连成种子穴轮，两丝归集结环（184)统一， (198)为与（178)平行 的种子扫回轮轴，（199)为轮叶，两轮平行接触成为播种排种器（146)。
8. 根据权利要求 5所述的农林工程机的播种系统"变速皮带轮"其特征是：播种变速 皮带轮由互反的两个极顶（147)紧夹的若干片直径两端一致弧形缺（169)的且对轴（168) ί50】成反弓状的半圆片（167) 以及众半圆片直径上的 弧形缺（169)的且对轴（168)成反弓状 的半圆片（167) 以及众半圆片直径上的圆箍（166)、半圆片上的弧中点缺口 （176)、卡环 (177)、调节轴（168)等组成。
9.根据权利要求 1描述的农林工程机"播秧系统"其特征是：系统由系统架、动力途径、 播秧行单元等组成，其中：
1553 系统架部分由起步轮（201)、基架（228)、电动机（20Γ )、变速输出小链轮（202 ' )、泥 面还原耙（230)、能环转的动力轴架（223)、有长槽（222)的行单元驱动分配轴（208)、驱动 轴枢纽轴承套（237)、播秧行单元以及接到（21 ' )上的系统套（200)、接到衔接头（18)横轴 (19 , 20)上的担套（226)和秧苗储（227)、接到（393)上的排秧工作板（229)等组成；其中 秧苗储（227)有中心轴，大体上象一串盘，盘底有平架，可转动。
160】 ] 0. 根据权利要求 9描述的农林工程机的播秧系统"动力途径"其特征是：动力由起步 轮（201)通过小链轮（202)、链条（203)、大链轮（204)再通过筒套（205) 内的转动，轴上的 伞齿轮（225)带动伞齿轮（206)和其轴（207)然后带动（208)达遍动力轴架（223) '上的所 有播秧行单元。
11. 根据权利要求 9所述的农林工程机的播秧系统"播秧行单元"其特征是；播秧行单 1653元由秧盘架（219)、有螺旋排列秧穴（218)和相应排列轨道（220)的螺旋秧盘（234)以及多 级伸缩转辊护壳（215)上有限定槽（224)的末级转辊（235)及其连带的压轨轮（210)、拔秧 盘（211)、助拔盘（212)、伸缩协助架（213)及其上面的助拔轮（232)等组成， (213)的限定 槽（214)在（215)上，（216)为其限定销。
12. 根据权利要求 1所述的农林工程机"收稻谷系统"其特征是由推力同步夹禾部分、
|70J电力刮谷部分、链载集谷部分和电力风干部分等组成,其中：
推力同步夹禾部分由起动轮（240)、起动轮轴（244)、同步链轮（241、242)和同步链条 (243)、同步分力轴（266)、夹禾皮带（251)、夹禾筋（252)、两个夹禾皮带轮（248)、托带转辊 (256) 以及夹禾装置板（255)通过柱子（257)与下面的伞齿轮组（246、247) 的轴套牢固构 成架子。
, 75l I :3. 根据权利要求 12所述的农林工程机收稻谷系统"电力刮谷"部分，其特征是；电力 刮谷部分由链轮（302)、捞禾豉（395)、捞禾弯（394)、刮谷豉（296)、刮谷叉（398)等组成。
14. 根据权利要求 ' 12所述的农林工程机收稻谷系统"链载集谷"部分，其特征是：链载 集谷部分由主动链轮（280)、转折从动轮（290)、卸谷前从动轮（300)、回放从动轮（299)和 相互平行的扫谷毛轴（271)、轴（272)、压链轴（273)、轴（274)、轴（275)、轴 (276) 以及大齿 轮（250)、运谷链（425)、导轨（281)、导角运谷斗（267)、漏斗集谷槽（265)、出谷通道（282) t 0】等组成，其中 （279) 是 （278) 的轴承支座， （264)为漏斗集谷槽（265) 的支座。
15. 根据权利要求 12所述的农林工程机收稻谷系统"电力风干"部分，其特征是：电力 风干部分由系统两侧一对有推动器（284)、轴齿轮（285)、内电接环 （286)且直通棚架（49) 内的盛卸斗 （24) 的由横轴（278)上的孔（293)与横轴 （33)上的孔 （53) —起扛的转动轴 (253)上的内有螺旋状导槽（283)、风干电扇（287)、轴鼓（291)以及藏匿供电线路的风干筒 ί¾53壁支撑杆（292) 的电力旋转风干筒（254)组成。
16. 根据权利要求 1所述的农林工程机"收花生系统"其特征是：系统由三棱状系统架、 单元架、两个相协夹拔轮、两个互反的单元采果除楂旋转螺旋体、果实集运部件和废料清除 部件组成，其中：
三棱状系统架由底横梁（304、307)、竖条 （310)、直条 （308)和斜条（309) 以及单元横 Ϊ903挂轴 (305 , 306)和系统套 (303)组成，
单元架由单元连接套（313)、连接杆（314)、吊杆（315)、轴基（316)、连杆（322)、直撑杆 (323)组成。
17. 根据权利要求 16所述的农林工程机收花生系统"相协夹拔轮"其特征是：由插拔器 (320)、导拔根（319)、结合器（269)和轮辋 （318)、导轨盘（321)、变轨缺（326)组成。
1951 18. 根据权利要求 16所述的农林工程机收花生系统"互反转单元采果除楂旋转螺旋 体"其特征是：由转轴（331)、螺旋片（332)和采果指（333)、出楂环 （427)、出楂杆（335)、 滚柱（334)、出果口 （339、340)以及多组伞齿轮（337、338)相背组装成转向互反的单元采果 除楂旋转螺旋体。
19. 根据权利要求 16所述的农林工程机收花生系统"集果装置和废料清除部件"其特 【3003征是：由正反螺旋（401、402)和集运槽（328)、出果筒（329) 电动机（400) 以及它的输出小 齿轮（341)组成果实集运部件，其中 （342)为与（341) 接触的大齿轮， (343)为与（342) 同 轴 （336)上的小链轮，由它带动链轮（345)再到 （347)， (344, 346)分别是它们间的传动链 条；废料清除部件由废料传输皮带轮（350)、托辊（351)和伞齿轮（348)组成。
20. 根据权利要求 1所述的农林工程机"收割甘蔗系统"其特征是：系统由以拥有若千 ίΐ05】大小不同各有动力输入输出轴口 （403)的齿轮（355、356、404)依次啮合组成的有多种工作 接合柄 （352)、多种接孔（358) 的动力分配工作块（353) 为主导组成，有悬吊缠绕剥叶一体 器和蔗茎切根、分段、传输一体两部分共同构成系统，其动力分配工作块（353) 的 （358)就 分别套到横轴 (19 , 20)和 (21 )或（21，）上。
21. 根据权利要求 20所述的农林工程机收割甘蔗系统"悬吊缠绕剥叶一体器"其特征 【110】是：由动力分配工作块 (353)和插入轴 （361)、正反割盘 (3.54)、导夹 (364)、拨尾器 （365)、 悬吊缠绕器 （360)剥叶杆 （362)、剥叶刺环（363)、齿轮（357、359)组成悬吊缠绕剥叶一体 器。
22. 根据权利要求 20所述的农林工程机收割甘蔗系统"蔗茎切根、分段、传输一体" 其特征是：有动力分配工作块（353)及正反割盘 （354、371) 和轨导夹盖 （373)、伞齿轮组
11153 (368)、传动杆 （370)、输送带主轮（369)、滑动轮 （375)、以及从动转辊（376) 组成。
23. 根据权利要求 ]所述的农林工程机"打植树洞系统 "其特征是：一种可旋刨挖工作 架，由多组其两头均与垂直刨挖轴（385)成平行四边形活销结构的横条（382) 的中点跟接 合环（379)成平行切线活销联系组成，象交叉跷跷板样的可旋刨挖工作架，其垂直衔接中 心轴（377)上有多层次接合环（379)套着，接合环（379)上有（382) 的活销（381)，垂直刨
【120】挖轴 (385)的下端 (388)两侧削平，固定有正刃 (405)反刃 (406) 的三角刀片。
24. 根据衩利要求 1所述的农林工程机"刨沟整地系统 "其特征是：一种主装备刨梁 (415)、副装备刨梁（416)、连杆（418)和合页活销件（417)结合成的平行四边形， (428, 412) 是可旋轴，为刨梁的可旋度和力据点， (41 1)为刨梁中点活销，液压（414)通过连杆（418)上 的孔 (419)和槽 (423)作即时形状固定。 其中： (420)为刨挖头， (421)为固定螺钉， (422)
【125】为主装备刨梁（415)两头的固定块， (407 , 408)分别是块（Ε ' )块（F' )两头的横向活销轴， (413)为起落液压，（410)为电动机，（409)为装置柜。
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