一种双氟磺酰亚胺锂盐的制备方法Preparation method of lithium bisfluorosulfonimide salt
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及锂电池和锂电容器领域,特别是涉及一种双氟磺酰亚胺锂盐的制备方法及其用途。The present invention relates to the field of lithium batteries and lithium capacitors, and more particularly to a method for preparing a lithium bisfluorosulfonimide salt and use thereof.
背景技术Background technique
在元素周期表中,氟是电负性最大的元素。往往一个化合物中引入氟元素后,其物理和化学性质发生显著变化,也因此,许多含氟锂化合物,如双三氟甲烷磺酰亚胺锂(LiTFSI)和六氟磷酸锂(LiPF6),被广泛用于改善电池和电容的电学性能。美国专利US5916475公开了一种比LiTFSI和LiPF6具有更好的热稳定性和化学稳定性,更高的导电性和较低的腐蚀速率的含氟锂盐——双氟磺酰亚胺锂(LiFSI),并被认为有可能取代LiPF6的一种双氟代锂盐,在锂电池和超级电容器中,将有着极佳的应用前景。In the periodic table, fluorine is the most electronegative element. Often a introduction fluorine, significant change in their physical and chemical properties compound, therefore, many fluorine-containing lithium compounds, such as bis trifluoromethanesulfonyl imide (of LiTFSI) and lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF 6), is widely used Improve the electrical performance of batteries and capacitors. U.S. Patent No. 5,916,475 discloses a fluorine-containing lithium salt having a higher thermal stability and chemical stability than LiTFSI and LiPF 6 , a higher conductivity and a lower corrosion rate - lithium bisfluorosulfonimide ( LiFSI), which is considered to be a possible alternative to LiPF 6 in a lithium fluoride battery, will have excellent application prospects in lithium batteries and supercapacitors.
大多数LiFSI的合成方法均是先合成双氯磺酰亚胺(HClSI),然后与MFn(M为第11-15族,第4-6周期元素)反应,制备出相应的金属或有机碱的双氟磺酰亚胺的盐中间体,再与LiOH或Li2CO3进行阳离子交换反应制得LiFSI(US2013331609、US2012041233、EP2415757、US2011034716),这些方法的缺点在于,交换反应达到一个平衡后很难进行完全,而未反应完的中间体MSFI(M指金属阳离子,有机碱阳离子)很难完全与LiSFI完全分离,得到高品质的产品。Most LiFSI synthesis methods first synthesize dichlorosulfonimide (HClSI), and then react with MFn (M is a group 11-15, element 4-6) to prepare the corresponding metal or organic base. bis fluorosulfonylimide salt intermediate, and then with LiOH or Li 2 CO 3 to cation-exchange reaction of LiFSI (US2013331609, US2012041233, EP2415757, US2011034716), these methods are disadvantageous in that, after the exchange reaction is difficult to achieve a balance The complete, unreacted intermediate MSFI (M refers to metal cations, organic base cations) is difficult to completely separate completely from LiSFI, resulting in a high quality product.
而采用HClSI直接与LiF反应制备LiFSI时(US2004097757),会产生大量腐蚀性气体HF,同时过量的LiF与LiFSI也不容易分离。When LiFSI is directly reacted with LiF by HClSI (US2004097757), a large amount of corrosive gas HF is generated, and excess LiF and LiFSI are not easily separated.
尽管也有报道,以纯化的双氟磺酰亚胺钾(KFSI)与LiClO4金属交换制备LiFSI,但产品中钾离子往往很高,影响了其的实际应用,并且LiClO4和生成的KClO4,均存在一定的爆炸风险(Electrochimical Acta,2012,66,PP.320-324、Polyhedron,2006,25,PP.1292-1298、CN101747242、CN101747243、CN101654229)。另外,由于LiClO4一般需要稍过量参与反应,但由于其自身吸湿性强,导致最终产物含有少量的LiClO4无法去除,使得最终产品LiFSI的纯度无法保证。Although it has also been reported that LiFSI is prepared by exchanging purified potassium bisfluorosulfonimide (KFSI) with LiClO 4 metal, the potassium ions in the product tend to be high, which affects its practical application, and LiClO 4 and KClO 4 are formed . There is a certain risk of explosion (Electrochimical Acta, 2012, 66, PP. 320-324, Polyhedron, 2006, 25, PP. 1292-1298, CN101747242, CN101747243, CN101654229). In addition, since LiClO 4 generally requires a slight excess of participation in the reaction, its own hygroscopicity makes the final product contain a small amount of LiClO 4 which cannot be removed, so that the purity of the final product LiFSI cannot be guaranteed.
US8377406公开了在水溶液中双氟磺酰亚胺(HFSI)直接与碳酸锂反应制备LiFSI的方法,但该方法也存在明显的不足,HFSI溶于水时剧烈放热,从而导致HFSI的分解,该专利采用了超低温(-78℃)配制HFSI水溶液的方法来解决HFSI溶于水时剧烈放热的技术问题,但这种方法增加了大量能耗,更主要的是,LiFSI有着非常好的水溶解性,萃取效率非常低,不适合
工业化生产。US8377406 discloses a method for preparing LiFSI by directly reacting difluorosulfonimide (HFSI) with lithium carbonate in an aqueous solution, but this method also has obvious disadvantages, and HFSI is strongly exothermic when dissolved in water, thereby causing decomposition of HFSI. The patent uses an ultra-low temperature (-78 ° C) method to prepare HFSI aqueous solution to solve the technical problem of HFSI violent heat release when dissolved in water, but this method increases a lot of energy consumption, and more importantly, LiFSI has very good water dissolution. Sex, extraction efficiency is very low, not suitable
Industrial production.
JP2013091524对LiFSI的稳定性进行了较系统的研究,发现LiFSI在温度超过40℃的环境中,分解速度加快,并且水分越大,分解越快,因此,本领域迫切需要一种使用试剂价廉易得,反应迅速且彻底,收率高,副产物少且易除去、合成的锂盐不易分解、后处理方式简便的制备双氟磺酰亚胺锂盐的方法,从而显著降低产物的成本,并使得其更适合工业化生产。JP2013091524 systematically studied the stability of LiFSI and found that LiFSI has a faster decomposition rate in the environment where the temperature exceeds 40 °C, and the larger the moisture, the faster the decomposition. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for a reagent to be cheap. The method has the advantages that the reaction is rapid and complete, the yield is high, the by-product is small, the lithium salt is easily removed, the synthesized lithium salt is not easily decomposed, and the post-treatment method is simple to prepare the lithium salt of bisfluorosulfonimide, thereby significantly reducing the cost of the product, and Make it more suitable for industrial production.
发明内容Summary of the invention
鉴于以上所述现有技术的缺点,本发明的目的在于提供一种双氟磺酰亚胺锂盐(LiFSI)的制备方法,用于解决现有技术中的问题。In view of the above-discussed shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing a lithium fluorosulfonimide (LiFSI) for solving the problems in the prior art.
为实现上述目的及其他相关目的,本发明提供一种双氟磺酰亚胺锂盐(LiFSI)的制备方法,包括如下步骤:To achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a method for preparing a lithium bisfluorosulfonimide (LiFSI), comprising the steps of:
(1)氟化反应:由双氯磺酰亚胺(HClSI)与氟化氢(HF)在催化剂作用下合成中间体双氟磺酰亚胺(HFSI);(1) fluorination reaction: synthesis of intermediate difluorosulfonimide (HFSI) by dichlorosulfonimide (HClSI) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) under the action of a catalyst;
(2)将步骤1所得双氟磺酰亚胺(HFSI)与碱性锂反应,反应完成后固液分离,即得到LiFSI产品。(2) The bisfluorosulfonimide (HFSI) obtained in the step 1 is reacted with basic lithium, and after the completion of the reaction, the solid-liquid separation is carried out to obtain a LiFSI product.
所述步骤1的反应方程式如下:The reaction equation of the step 1 is as follows:
优选的,所述步骤1中,氟化反应的具体方法为:将HClSI、催化剂置于反应装置中,通入HF气体进行反应。Preferably, in the step 1, the fluorination reaction is carried out by placing HClSI and a catalyst in a reaction device, and introducing HF gas to carry out the reaction.
优选的,所述步骤1中,催化剂优选为lewis酸,更优选为SbCl5,TiCl4,SnCl4,MoCl5中的一种或多种的组合。Preferably, in the step 1, the catalyst is preferably a Lewis acid, more preferably a combination of one or more of SbCl 5 , TiCl 4 , SnCl 4 , MoCl 5 .
优选的,所述步骤1中,HClSI与催化剂的摩尔比优选为1:0.05‰~1:1‰,更优选为1:0.1‰~1:0.5‰。Preferably, in the step 1, the molar ratio of HClSI to the catalyst is preferably 1:0.05 ‰ to 1:1 ‰, more preferably 1:0.1 ‰ to 1:0.5 ‰.
优选的,所述步骤1中,HClSI与HF摩尔比优选为1:1.4~1:4,更优选为1:1.7~1:2。Preferably, in the step 1, the molar ratio of HClSI to HF is preferably 1:1.4 to 1:4, more preferably 1:1.7 to 1:2.
优选的,所述步骤1中,反应体系的反应温度为于90~110℃下反应,更优选为100~105℃下反应。Preferably, in the step 1, the reaction temperature of the reaction system is a reaction at 90 to 110 ° C, more preferably 100 to 105 ° C.
优选的,所述步骤1中,由HClSI与HF在催化剂作用下合成中间体HFSI,反应完成后除去反应体系中的HF和HCl气体,即得中间体双氟磺酰亚胺。Preferably, in the step 1, the intermediate HFSI is synthesized by HClSI and HF under the action of a catalyst, and after the reaction is completed, the HF and HCl gases in the reaction system are removed to obtain an intermediate difluorosulfonimide.
更优选的,所述除去反应体系中的HF和HCl气体的方法为对反应体系进行蒸馏、或对
反应体系进行鼓吹和蒸馏。More preferably, the method of removing HF and HCl gas in the reaction system is to distill the reaction system, or
The reaction system was subjected to blowing and distillation.
进一步优选的,鼓吹时的温度为室温,鼓吹时间为10-20小时,所述蒸馏为减压蒸馏。Further preferably, the temperature at the time of blowing is room temperature, the blowing time is 10-20 hours, and the distillation is vacuum distillation.
优选的,所述步骤(2)中,所述碱性锂为LiOH、LiHCO3或Li2CO3中的一种或多种的组合。Preferably, in the step (2), the basic lithium is a combination of one or more of LiOH, LiHCO 3 or Li 2 CO 3 .
优选的,HFSI与碱性锂中锂的摩尔比优选为1:0.8~1:1,更优选为1:0.9~1:0.98。Preferably, the molar ratio of HFSI to lithium in basic lithium is preferably from 1:0.8 to 1:1, more preferably from 1:0.9 to 1:0.98.
当碱性锂为LiOH时,反应方程式如下:When the basic lithium is LiOH, the reaction equation is as follows:
当碱性锂为Li2CO3时,反应方程式如下:When the basic lithium is Li 2 CO 3 , the reaction equation is as follows:
当碱性锂为Li2HCO3时,反应方程式如下:When the basic lithium is Li 2 HCO 3 , the reaction equation is as follows:
优选的,所述步骤(2)中,将步骤1所得产物加入到碱性锂溶剂体系中,并在加入和/或反应过程中优选地对反应体系进行冷却,优选的加入方式为滴加。Preferably, in the step (2), the product obtained in the step 1 is added to an alkaline lithium solvent system, and the reaction system is preferably cooled during the addition and/or reaction, preferably by dropwise addition.
更优选的,反应体系的反应温度为于0~20℃下反应,更优选为0~5℃下反应。More preferably, the reaction temperature of the reaction system is from 0 to 20 ° C, more preferably from 0 to 5 ° C.
更优选的,所述碱性锂溶剂体系中的溶剂为低极性溶剂,更优选为己烷、环己烷、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、甲苯,二甲苯,氯苯,二氯苯中的一种或多种的组合。More preferably, the solvent in the basic lithium solvent system is a low polar solvent, more preferably hexane, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene. a combination of one or more of them.
优选的,所述步骤(2)中,将步骤1所得双氟磺酰亚胺(HFSI)与碱性锂反应,反应完成后于反应体系中滴加SOCl2以反应完体系中的水分,固液分离,即得到LiFSI产品。Preferably, in the step (2), the bisfluorosulfonimide (HFSI) obtained in the step 1 is reacted with basic lithium, and after the reaction is completed, SOCl 2 is added dropwise to the reaction system to complete the moisture in the system, and solid. The liquid is separated to obtain a LiFSI product.
更优选的,滴加SOCl2于室温条件下进行。More preferably, the addition of SOCl 2 is carried out at room temperature.
优选的,所述步骤(2)中,将步骤1所得双氟磺酰亚胺(HFSI)与碱性锂反应,反应完成后固液分离所得LiFSI产品还进行打浆处理。Preferably, in the step (2), the bisfluorosulfonimide (HFSI) obtained in the step 1 is reacted with basic lithium, and the LiFSI product obtained by solid-liquid separation after the completion of the reaction is further subjected to beating treatment.
更优选的,所述打浆处理的具体方法为:将固液分离所得LiFSI加入打浆溶剂和金属离子除去剂进行打浆处理,即得到纯化的LiFSI产品。More preferably, the specific method of the beating treatment is: adding LiFSI obtained by solid-liquid separation into a beating solvent and a metal ion removing agent for beating treatment, thereby obtaining a purified LiFSI product.
进一步优选的,所述打浆溶剂为低极性溶剂,更优选为己烷、环己烷、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、甲苯,二甲苯,氯苯,二氯苯中的一种或多种的组合。Further preferably, the beating solvent is a low polar solvent, more preferably one or more of hexane, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene or dichlorobenzene. Combination of species.
进一步优选的,所述金属离子除去剂选自12-冠-4、15-冠-5、18-冠-6、二环己烷并-18-冠-6中的一种或多种的组合。
Further preferably, the metal ion removing agent is selected from the group consisting of 12-crown-4, 15-crown-5, 18-crown-6, bicyclohexane and -18-crown-6. .
本发明所涉及的双氟磺酰亚胺锂盐(LIFSI)制备方法,具有以下优势:The preparation method of the lithium bisfluorosulfonimide salt (LIFSI) according to the present invention has the following advantages:
1.以HF为氟化试剂,成本低,原料易得,在催化剂作用下氟化彻底,带来的副产物少,副产物HCl只需用碱吸收即可;反应结束后体系中绝大部分HF和HCl可被氮气鼓吹带走,剩下少量的可通过蒸馏予以去除,从而保证了中间体HFSI的纯度和品质。1. With HF as fluorinating reagent, the cost is low, the raw materials are easily available, the fluorination is thorough under the action of the catalyst, and the by-products are less, and the by-product HCl can be absorbed only by alkali; most of the system after the reaction is completed. HF and HCl can be carried away by nitrogen blowing, and a small amount can be removed by distillation to ensure the purity and quality of the intermediate HFSI.
2.以双氟磺酰亚胺(HFSI)和LiOH或LiHCO3、Li2CO3反应,速度快,反应彻底,生成的副产物为水(水对LiFSI的溶解度非常好,有水存在产品很难析出),可被SOCl2在低温下温和地除去,水分除去后可使产品慢慢析出,使分离变得简单,同时生成副产物SO2,HCl(还有CO2)都被碱水吸收,不存在其它复杂的副产物。2. The reaction of bisfluorosulfonimide (HFSI) with LiOH or LiHCO 3 and Li 2 CO 3 is fast and the reaction is thorough. The by-product produced is water (the solubility of water to LiFSI is very good, and there is water in the product. It is difficult to precipitate), which can be gently removed by SOCl 2 at low temperature. After the water is removed, the product can be gradually precipitated to make the separation simple, and at the same time, by-product SO 2 is formed , and HCl (and CO 2 ) are absorbed by the alkaline water. There are no other complicated by-products.
3.同时由于双氟磺酰亚胺(HFSI)的当量数大于锂的当量数,保证所有的碱性锂都被完全反应,过量的HFSI由于是液体,同体系中残存的SOCl2(液体)、SO2(气体)、HCl(气体)、或CO2(气体)都能被过滤和打浆除去,从而保证了产品的纯度。3. At the same time, since the equivalent number of bisfluorosulfonimide (HFSI) is greater than the equivalent number of lithium, all the basic lithium is completely reacted, and the excess HFSI is liquid, and the remaining SOCl 2 (liquid) in the same system SO 2 (gas), HCl (gas), or CO 2 (gas) can be removed by filtration and beating to ensure the purity of the product.
4.由于产品对温度极其敏感,高温下产物极易分解,因此本发明在关键成盐步骤都成功避开加温操作,从而保证产品的品质和纯度。4. Since the product is extremely sensitive to temperature, the product is easily decomposed under high temperature, so the invention successfully avoids the heating operation in the key salt forming step, thereby ensuring the quality and purity of the product.
5本发明采用非水体系,三废少,收率高,所有溶剂能方便回收套用,经济实惠;后处理时采用冠醚来除去体系中有可能会引入的钾和钠等金属离子,可提高LiFSI的品质和性能。5 The invention adopts non-aqueous system, has less waste, high yield, and all solvents can be conveniently recycled and used economically; the post-treatment uses crown ether to remove metal ions such as potassium and sodium which may be introduced in the system, and can improve LiFSI Quality and performance.
可见,本发明提供了一种能得到高品质高纯度产品且经济实惠的制备方法,适合工业化生产。It can be seen that the present invention provides an economical and economical preparation method capable of obtaining high quality and high purity products, and is suitable for industrial production.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明发明人以氟化氢(HF)和双氯磺酰亚胺(HClSI)为原料,在催化剂作用下氟化得到中间体双氟磺酰亚胺(HFSI),后者再与一定当量的碱性锂反应制备获得高品质高纯度的LiFSI(双氟磺酰亚胺锂盐,CAS:171611-11-3)产品,从而提供了一种简单高效的方法来制备高品质LiFSI,在此基础上完成了本发明。The inventors of the present invention use hydrogen fluoride (HF) and bischlorosulfonimide (HClSI) as raw materials to fluorinate under the action of a catalyst to obtain an intermediate difluorosulfonimide (HFSI), which is further equivalent to a certain amount of basicity. Lithium reaction preparation to obtain high quality and high purity LiFSI (bisfluorosulfonimide lithium salt, CAS: 171611-11-3) products, thus providing a simple and efficient method to prepare high quality LiFSI, on this basis The invention has been made.
本发明提供一种双氟磺酰亚胺锂盐(LiFSI)的制备方法,包括如下步骤:The invention provides a preparation method of lithium bisfluorosulfonimide (LiFSI), comprising the following steps:
(1)氟化反应:由双氯磺酰亚胺(HClSI)与氟化氢(HF)在催化剂作用下合成中间体双氟磺酰亚胺(HFSI),反应方程式如下:(1) Fluorination reaction: The intermediate difluorosulfonimide (HFSI) is synthesized from dichlorosulfonimide (HClSI) and hydrogen fluoride (HF) under the action of a catalyst. The reaction equation is as follows:
所述步骤1中,氟化反应的具体方法为:将HClSI、催化剂置于反应装置中,通入HF气体进行反应。
In the step 1, the fluorination reaction is carried out by placing HClSI and a catalyst in a reaction device, and introducing HF gas to carry out the reaction.
所述步骤1中,催化剂优选为lewis酸,更优选为SbCl5,TiCl4,SnCl4,MoCl5中的一种或多种的组合,HClSI与催化剂的摩尔比优选为1:0.05‰~1:1‰,更优选为1:0.1‰~1:0.5‰。In the step 1, the catalyst is preferably a Lewis acid, more preferably a combination of one or more of SbCl 5 , TiCl 4 , SnCl 4 and MoCl 5 , and the molar ratio of HClSI to the catalyst is preferably 1:0.05‰1. : 1‰, more preferably 1:0.1‰ to 1:0.5‰.
所述步骤1中,HClSI与HF摩尔比优选为1:1.4~1:4,更优选为1:1.7~1:2。In the step 1, the molar ratio of HClSI to HF is preferably from 1:1.4 to 1:4, more preferably from 1:1.7 to 1:2.
所述步骤1中,反应体系的反应温度优选为于90~110℃下反应,更优选为100~105℃下反应。本领域技术人员可根据反应体系中反应的进程控制反应时间,优选的反应时间为15~25小时。In the step 1, the reaction temperature of the reaction system is preferably a reaction at 90 to 110 ° C, more preferably 100 to 105 ° C. The person skilled in the art can control the reaction time according to the progress of the reaction in the reaction system, and the preferred reaction time is 15 to 25 hours.
所述步骤1中,由HClSI与HF在催化剂作用下合成中间体HFSI,反应完成后除去反应体系中的HF和HCl气体,即得中间体双氟磺酰亚胺。所述除去反应体系中的HF和HCl气体的方法优选为对反应体系进行蒸馏、或对反应体系进行鼓吹和蒸馏,在本发明一优选实施例中,除去反应体系中的HF和HCl气体的方法为对反应体系先进行鼓吹,再进行蒸馏。鼓吹时的温度优选为室温,鼓吹可选用的气体包括但不限于氮气、各种惰性气体等中的一种或多种的组合,本领域技术人员可根据反应体系的大小、尾气的酸度等调节通入鼓吹气体的量和鼓吹时间,优选的鼓吹时间为10-20小时。所述蒸馏的具体条件没有特殊限制,只要不对本发明的发明目的产生限制即可,优选为减压蒸馏。In the step 1, the intermediate HFSI is synthesized by the action of HClSI and HF under the action of a catalyst, and after the reaction is completed, the HF and HCl gases in the reaction system are removed to obtain an intermediate difluorosulfonimide. The method of removing HF and HCl gas in the reaction system is preferably a method of distilling the reaction system or blowing and distilling the reaction system, and in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method of removing HF and HCl gas in the reaction system In order to carry out the blowing of the reaction system, distillation is carried out. The temperature at the time of blowing is preferably room temperature, and the optional gas to be blown includes, but not limited to, a combination of one or more of nitrogen, various inert gases, and the like, and those skilled in the art can adjust according to the size of the reaction system, the acidity of the exhaust gas, and the like. The amount of blowing gas and the blowing time are introduced, and the preferred blowing time is 10-20 hours. The specific conditions of the distillation are not particularly limited as long as the object of the present invention is not limited, and distillation under reduced pressure is preferred.
(2)成盐反应:将步骤1所得双氟磺酰亚胺(HFSI)与碱性锂反应,反应完成后固液分离,即得到LiFSI产品。(2) Salt formation reaction: The bisfluorosulfonimide (HFSI) obtained in the step 1 is reacted with basic lithium, and after the completion of the reaction, the solid-liquid separation is carried out to obtain a LiFSI product.
所述步骤(2)中,所述碱性锂优选为LiOH、LiHCO3或Li2CO3中的一种或多种的组合,HFSI与碱性锂中锂的摩尔比优选为1:0.8~1:1,更优选为1:0.9~1:0.98。所述LiOH可以为LiOH·H2O。In the step (2), the basic lithium is preferably a combination of one or more of LiOH, LiHCO 3 or Li 2 CO 3 , and the molar ratio of HFSI to lithium in the basic lithium is preferably 1:0.8 1:1, more preferably 1:0.9 to 1:0.98. The LiOH may be LiOH.H 2 O.
当碱性锂为LiOH时,反应方程式如下:When the basic lithium is LiOH, the reaction equation is as follows:
当碱性锂为Li2CO3时,反应方程式如下:When the basic lithium is Li 2 CO 3 , the reaction equation is as follows:
当碱性锂为Li2HCO3时,反应方程式如下:When the basic lithium is Li 2 HCO 3 , the reaction equation is as follows:
所述步骤(2)中,优选为将步骤1所得产物加入到碱性锂溶剂体系中,并在加入和/或反应过程中优选地对反应体系进行冷却,优选的加入方式为滴加。更优选的,反应体系的反
应温度为于0~20℃下反应,更优选为0~5℃下反应。本领域技术人员可根据反应体系中反应的进程控制反应时间,优选的反应时间为1~5小时。所述碱性锂溶剂体系中的溶剂优选为低极性溶剂,具体包括但不限于己烷、环己烷、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、甲苯,二甲苯,氯苯,二氯苯中的一种或多种的组合。本领域技术人员可根据实际情况,调整碱性锂溶剂体系中溶剂的用量,优选用量为产物LiFSI重量的3~4倍。In the step (2), it is preferred to add the product obtained in the step 1 to an alkaline lithium solvent system, and preferably to cool the reaction system during the addition and/or reaction, preferably by dropwise addition. More preferably, the reaction system is reversed
The reaction is carried out at a temperature of from 0 to 20 ° C, more preferably from 0 to 5 ° C. The person skilled in the art can control the reaction time according to the progress of the reaction in the reaction system, and the preferred reaction time is 1 to 5 hours. The solvent in the basic lithium solvent system is preferably a low polarity solvent, specifically including but not limited to hexane, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene. One or more combinations. Those skilled in the art can adjust the amount of the solvent in the alkaline lithium solvent system according to the actual situation, and the amount is preferably 3-4 times the weight of the product LiFSI.
所述步骤(2)中,优选为将步骤1所得双氟磺酰亚胺(HFSI)与碱性锂反应,反应完成后于反应体系中滴加SOCl2以反应完体系中的水分,固液分离,即得到LiFSI产品。滴加SOCl2优选于室温条件下进行,本领域技术人员可根据反应体系的实际情况调整SOCl2的用量,优选的,HFSI与SOCl2摩尔比为1:0.5~1:4,更优选对于LiOH·H2O为1:2.4~1:3.2,对于LiHCO3为1:1.2~1:1.6,对于Li2CO3为1:0.6~1:0.8。In the step (2), it is preferred to react the bisfluorosulfonimide (HFSI) obtained in the step 1 with basic lithium, and after the reaction is completed, the SOCl 2 is added dropwise to the reaction system to complete the reaction of the water in the system, and the solid solution Separation, the LiFSI product is obtained. The dropwise addition of SOCl 2 is preferably carried out at room temperature, and those skilled in the art can adjust the amount of SOCl 2 according to the actual conditions of the reaction system. Preferably, the molar ratio of HFSI to SOCl 2 is 1:0.5 to 1:4, more preferably for LiOH. H 2 O is 1:2.4 to 1:3.2, 1:1.2 to 1:1.6 for LiHCO 3 and 1:0.6 to 1:0.8 for Li 2 CO 3 .
所述步骤(2)中,将步骤1所得双氟磺酰亚胺(HFSI)与碱性锂反应,反应完成后固液分离所得LiFSI产品还进行打浆处理,所述打浆处理的具体方法为:将固液分离所得LiFSI加入打浆溶剂和金属离子除去剂进行打浆处理,即得到纯化的LiFSI产品。所述打浆溶剂优选为低极性溶剂,具体包括但不限于己烷、环己烷、二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、甲苯,二甲苯,氯苯,二氯苯中的一种或多种的组合。本领域技术人员可根据实际情况,调整打浆溶剂的用量,优选用量为LiFSI重量的3~6倍。所述金属离子除去剂可选用本领域各种金属离子除去剂,优选的金属离子除去剂包括但不限于12-冠-4、15-冠-5、18-冠-6、二环己烷并-18-冠-6中的一种或多种的组合。本领域技术人员可根据实际情况,调整金属离子除去剂的用量,优选的金属离子除去剂的用量为LiFSI重量的0.02%~0.2%。In the step (2), the bisfluorosulfonimide (HFSI) obtained in the step 1 is reacted with basic lithium, and the LiFSI product obtained by the solid-liquid separation after the completion of the reaction is further subjected to a beating treatment, and the specific method of the beating treatment is as follows: The LiFSI obtained by solid-liquid separation is added to a beating solvent and a metal ion removing agent for beating treatment to obtain a purified LiFSI product. The beating solvent is preferably a low polar solvent, specifically including but not limited to one or more of hexane, cyclohexane, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, toluene, xylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene. The combination. A person skilled in the art can adjust the amount of the beating solvent according to the actual situation, and the amount is preferably 3-6 times the weight of LiFSI. The metal ion removing agent may be selected from various metal ion removing agents in the art, and preferred metal ion removing agents include, but are not limited to, 12-crown-4, 15-crown-5, 18-crown-6, and dicyclohexane. A combination of one or more of -18-crown-6. Those skilled in the art can adjust the amount of the metal ion removing agent according to the actual situation. The preferred metal ion removing agent is used in an amount of 0.02% to 0.2% by weight of LiFSI.
本发明还提供所述双氟磺酰亚胺锂盐的制备方法在双氟磺酰亚胺锂盐制备领域的用途。The invention also provides the use of the preparation method of the lithium salt of bisfluorosulfonylimide in the field of preparation of lithium bisfluorosulfonimide.
本发明所提供的LiFSI的制备方法采用HF催化氟化的方式得到HClSI,后者与碱性锂完全反应,经过简单经济的后处理,即可提纯得到高品质高纯度的LiFSI产品。该方法反应步骤简单、成本合理,适合大规模产业化。The preparation method of LiFSI provided by the invention adopts HF catalytic fluorination method to obtain HClSI, and the latter is completely reacted with alkaline lithium, and after simple and economical post-treatment, high-quality and high-purity LiFSI products can be purified. The method has simple reaction steps and reasonable cost, and is suitable for large-scale industrialization.
以下通过特定的具体实例说明本发明的实施方式,本领域技术人员可由本说明书所揭露的内容轻易地了解本发明的其他优点与功效。本发明还可以通过另外不同的具体实施方式加以实施或应用,本说明书中的各项细节也可以基于不同观点与应用,在没有背离本发明的精神下进行各种修饰或改变。The embodiments of the present invention are described below by way of specific examples, and those skilled in the art can readily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the disclosure of the present disclosure. The present invention may be embodied or applied in various other specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
须知,下列实施例中未具体注明的工艺设备或装置均采用本领域内的常规设备或装置。It should be noted that the process equipment or apparatus not specifically noted in the following examples employ conventional equipment or apparatus in the art.
此外应理解,本发明中提到的一个或多个方法步骤并不排斥在所述组合步骤前后还可以存在其他方法步骤或在这些明确提到的步骤之间还可以插入其他方法步骤,除非另有说明;
还应理解,本发明中提到的一个或多个设备/装置之间的组合连接关系并不排斥在所述组合设备/装置前后还可以存在其他设备/装置或在这些明确提到的两个设备/装置之间还可以插入其他设备/装置,除非另有说明。而且,除非另有说明,各方法步骤的编号仅为鉴别各方法步骤的便利工具,而非为限制各方法步骤的排列次序或限定本发明可实施的范围,其相对关系的改变或调整,在无实质变更技术内容的情况下,当亦视为本发明可实施的范畴。In addition, it should be understood that one or more of the method steps recited in the present invention are not exclusive of other method steps that may be present before or after the combination step, or that other method steps can be inserted between the steps specifically mentioned, unless otherwise Have instructions;
It should also be understood that the combined connection relationship between one or more devices/devices referred to in the present invention does not exclude that there may be other devices/devices or two of those explicitly mentioned before or after the combined device/device. Other devices/devices can also be inserted between the devices/devices unless otherwise stated. Moreover, unless otherwise indicated, the numbering of each method step is merely a convenient means of identifying the various method steps, and is not intended to limit the order of the various method steps or to limit the scope of the invention, the relative In the case where the technical content is not substantially changed, it is considered to be a scope in which the present invention can be implemented.
实验:通过文献步骤(CN103935970,US2011034716,US4350685)由商购的氨基磺酸、二氯亚砜、氯磺酸混合制得HClSI,其它试剂都来自商购。Experiment: HClSI was prepared by mixing commercially available sulfamic acid, thionyl chloride, chlorosulfonic acid by the literature procedure (CN103935970, US2011034716, US4350685), and other reagents were commercially available.
实施例1Example 1
1000mL反应瓶中,加入HClSI 1235g,SbCl50.5g,升温至100-105℃,搅拌下慢慢通入HF气体约230g,反应20小时后降温至室温,鼓吹氮气15小时,得到粗品约900g,短蒸得到产品865.6g,收率82.8%。In a 1000 mL reaction flask, 1235 g of HClSI and 0.5 g of SbCl 5 were added, and the temperature was raised to 100-105 ° C, and about 230 g of HF gas was slowly introduced under stirring. After reacting for 20 hours, the temperature was lowered to room temperature, and nitrogen gas was blown for 15 hours to obtain a crude product of about 900 g. Short steaming gave 865.6 g of product with a yield of 82.8%.
实施例2Example 2
1000mL反应瓶中,加入HClSI 1230g,MoCl50.47g,升温至100-105℃,搅拌下慢慢通入HF气体约216g,反应22小时后降温至室温,鼓吹氮气15小时,得到粗品约896g,短蒸得到产品864.8g,收率83.1%。In a 1000 mL reaction flask, 1230 g of HClSI and 0.47 g of MoCl 5 were added, and the temperature was raised to 100-105 ° C, and about 216 g of HF gas was slowly introduced under stirring. After reacting for 22 hours, the temperature was lowered to room temperature, and nitrogen gas was blown for 15 hours to obtain a crude product of about 896 g. Short steaming gave 864.8 g of product with a yield of 83.1%.
实施例3Example 3
1000mL反应瓶中,加入二氯乙烷543g,LiOH·H2O 42.0g,降温至0-5℃,搅拌下滴加192.5g双氟磺酰亚胺(HFSI,实施例1),搅拌2h,然后升温至20-25℃,滴加357g SOCl2,搅拌16h。过滤,滤饼用600g二氯乙烷和0.17g 18-冠-6进行打浆,过滤、干燥后得产品169.2g,收率90.4%。In a 1000 mL reaction flask, 543 g of dichloroethane and 42.0 g of LiOH·H 2 O were added, and the temperature was lowered to 0-5 ° C, and 192.5 g of bisfluorosulfonimide (HFSI, Example 1) was added dropwise with stirring, and stirred for 2 hours. Then, the temperature was raised to 20-25 ° C, 357 g of SOCl 2 was added dropwise, and stirred for 16 h. After filtration, the filter cake was beaten with 600 g of dichloroethane and 0.17 g of 18-crown-6, filtered and dried to obtain 169.2 g of a product, yield 90.4%.
检测结果为:AAS(ppm):Na:5.6,K:2.3,Fe<1,Ca<1。IC(ppm):Cl-:4.7,F-:27,SO4
2-:17The test results were: AAS (ppm): Na: 5.6, K: 2.3, Fe < 1, Ca < 1. IC (ppm): Cl - : 4.7, F - : 27, SO 4 2- : 17
实施例4Example 4
1000mL反应瓶中,加入甲苯550g,Li2CO336g,降温至0-5℃,搅拌下滴加181g双氟磺酰亚胺(HFSI,实施例2),搅拌2h,然后升温至20-25℃,滴加95g SOCl2,搅拌16h。过滤,滤饼用600g甲苯和0.15g 15-冠-5进行打浆,过滤、干燥后得产品170.6g,收率91.2%。To a 1000 mL reaction flask, 550 g of toluene and 36 g of Li 2 CO 3 were added, and the temperature was lowered to 0-5 ° C. 181 g of bisfluorosulfonimide (HFSI, Example 2) was added dropwise with stirring, and the mixture was stirred for 2 hours, and then the temperature was raised to 20-25. °C, 95g of SOCl2 was added dropwise and stirred for 16 h. After filtration, the filter cake was beaten with 600 g of toluene and 0.15 g of 15-crown-5, filtered and dried to obtain 170.6 g of a product, yield 91.2%.
检测结果为:AAS(ppm):Na:3.7,K:3.5,Fe<1,Ca<1。IC(ppm):Cl-:7.8,F-:
14,SO42-:20The test results were: AAS (ppm): Na: 3.7, K: 3.5, Fe < 1, Ca < 1. IC (ppm): Cl - : 7.8, F - : 14, SO4 2- : 20
实施例5Example 5
1000mL反应瓶中,加入环已烷500g,LiHCO368g,降温至0-5℃,搅拌下滴加188.5g双氟磺酰亚胺(HFSI,实施例1),搅拌2h,然后升温至20-25℃,滴加161g SOCl2,搅拌16h。过滤,滤饼用550g环已烷和0.17g 18-冠-6进行打浆,过滤、干燥后得产品170.2g,收率91.0%。In a 1000 mL reaction flask, 500 g of cyclohexane and 68 g of LiHCO 3 were added, and the temperature was lowered to 0-5 ° C. 188.5 g of bisfluorosulfonimide (HFSI, Example 1) was added dropwise with stirring, and the mixture was stirred for 2 h, and then the temperature was raised to 20- At 25 ° C, 161 g of SOCl 2 was added dropwise and stirred for 16 h. After filtration, the cake was beaten with 550 g of cyclohexane and 0.17 g of 18-crown-6, filtered and dried to give a product of 170.2 g, yield 91.0%.
检测结果为:AAS(ppm):Na:4.4,K:3.0,Fe<1,Ca<1。IC(ppm):Cl-:6.1,F-:21,SO4
2-:15The test results were: AAS (ppm): Na: 4.4, K: 3.0, Fe < 1, Ca < 1. IC (ppm): Cl - : 6.1, F - : 21, SO 4 2- : 15
综上所述,本发明有效克服了现有技术中的种种缺点而具高度产业利用价值。In summary, the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcomings in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.
上述实施例仅例示性说明本发明的原理及其功效,而非用于限制本发明。任何熟悉此技术的人士皆可在不违背本发明的精神及范畴下,对上述实施例进行修饰或改变。因此,举凡所属技术领域中具有通常知识者在未脱离本发明所揭示的精神与技术思想下所完成的一切等效修饰或改变,仍应由本发明的权利要求所涵盖。
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention and its effects, and are not intended to limit the invention. Modifications or variations of the above-described embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention will be covered by the appended claims.