WO2016178378A1 - 濾過装置の運転方法及び濾過装置 - Google Patents
濾過装置の運転方法及び濾過装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016178378A1 WO2016178378A1 PCT/JP2016/062867 JP2016062867W WO2016178378A1 WO 2016178378 A1 WO2016178378 A1 WO 2016178378A1 JP 2016062867 W JP2016062867 W JP 2016062867W WO 2016178378 A1 WO2016178378 A1 WO 2016178378A1
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- Prior art keywords
- filtration
- cleaning
- hollow fiber
- washing
- module
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/46—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
- B01D24/4605—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles or the like placed on the cake-side of the stationary filtering material and only contacting the external layer
- B01D24/461—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter by scrapers, brushes, nozzles or the like placed on the cake-side of the stationary filtering material and only contacting the external layer by scrapers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/14—Ultrafiltration; Microfiltration
- B01D61/18—Apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D63/02—Hollow fibre modules
- B01D63/04—Hollow fibre modules comprising multiple hollow fibre assemblies
- B01D63/043—Hollow fibre modules comprising multiple hollow fibre assemblies with separate tube sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/12—Activated sludge processes
- C02F3/1236—Particular type of activated sludge installations
- C02F3/1268—Membrane bioreactor systems
- C02F3/1273—Submerged membrane bioreactors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2315/00—Details relating to the membrane module operation
- B01D2315/06—Submerged-type; Immersion type
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2315/00—Details relating to the membrane module operation
- B01D2315/20—Operation control schemes defined by a periodically repeated sequence comprising filtration cycles combined with cleaning or gas supply, e.g. aeration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2317/00—Membrane module arrangements within a plant or an apparatus
- B01D2317/04—Elements in parallel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/18—Use of gases
- B01D2321/185—Aeration
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/40—Automatic control of cleaning processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/20—Prevention of biofouling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for operating a filtration device and a filtration device.
- a filtration apparatus having a filtration module in which a plurality of hollow fiber membranes are converged is used as a solid-liquid separation treatment apparatus in a manufacturing process of sewage treatment or medicine.
- Such a filtration device is used by being immersed in a liquid to be treated.
- the hollow fiber membrane surface prevents permeation of impurities contained in the liquid to be treated and allows filtration treatment by allowing other impurities to permeate inside.
- a filtration treatment operation of about 7 minutes is intermittently performed with an operation stop period of about 1 minute, and bubbles are formed on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane during this operation stop period.
- a method of removing impurities adhering to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane during the operation period by rubbing is used (see JP 2012-170895 A).
- the present invention has been made based on such circumstances, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a method of operating a filtration device and a filtration device that can suppress an increase in operation cost while preventing membrane fouling.
- An operation method of a filtration device made to solve the above-described problems is to fix a plurality of hollow fiber membranes aligned in one direction and both ends of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes.
- An operation method of a filtration apparatus comprising one or more filtration modules having a pair of holding members and one or more washing modules for supplying bubbles from below the filtration module, wherein the filtration process is performed by the filtration module.
- An operation step and a washing step of washing the filtration module by suspending the filtration treatment by the filtration module for 0.25 hours or more and 3 hours or less are performed at intervals of 12 hours or more and 72 hours or less.
- the operation method of the filtration device of the present invention can suppress an increase in operation cost while preventing membrane fouling.
- the operation method of the filtration apparatus includes one or a plurality of hollow fiber membranes that are aligned in one direction and a pair of holding members that fix both ends of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes.
- a filtration device comprising one or more cleaning modules for supplying air bubbles from below the filtration module, the operation step of performing a filtration process by the filtration module, and the filtration by the filtration module And a washing step of washing the filtration module by pausing the treatment for 0.25 hours or more and 3 hours or less, and the washing step is performed at intervals of 12 hours or more and 72 hours or less.
- the operation method of the filtration apparatus includes an operation process for performing a filtration process by the filtration module and a washing process for washing the filtration module by resting during the above range, and performing the washing process at the above intervals.
- impurities are deposited on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane as compared with the conventional case of repeating a washing cycle in which a filtration treatment operation of about 7 minutes is intermittently performed with an operation suspension period of about 1 minute interposed, It is possible to prevent the hollow fiber membranes from being blocked by this impurity. Therefore, the operation method of the filtration device can prevent a membrane fouling, promote a decrease in the chemical cleaning frequency, a reduction in the amount of air during operation, and the like, and suppress an increase in operation cost.
- a filtration device made to solve the above-described problem is a pair of a plurality of hollow fiber membranes that are aligned in one direction and fixing both ends of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes.
- a filtration apparatus comprising one or more filtration modules having a holding member and one or more washing modules for supplying bubbles from below the filtration module, wherein the operation process and the washing process of the operation method are performed.
- a mechanism for controlling the operation of the filtration module is further provided.
- the filtration apparatus can control the operation of the filtration module so as to perform the operation process and the cleaning process of the operation method, it is possible to suppress an increase in operation cost while preventing membrane fouling as described above. .
- the filtration device of FIG. 1 performs filtration by preventing permeation of impurities contained in the liquid to be treated on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane 11 described later and allowing other than impurities to permeate inside the hollow fiber membrane 11. is there.
- the filtration apparatus includes a plurality of filtration modules 1, a cleaning module 2 that supplies bubbles from below the plurality of filtration modules 1, and a cleaning chemical supply mechanism 3 that supplies a cleaning chemical to the raw water side of the liquid to be treated.
- the filtration device is used by immersing a plurality of filtration modules 1 and one cleaning module 2 in a storage tank W in which a liquid to be treated is stored.
- the filtration device includes a control mechanism 4 that controls the operation of the plurality of filtration modules 1.
- the filtration module 1 includes a plurality of hollow fiber membranes 11 aligned in one direction (vertical direction in the present embodiment) and a pair of holding members (upper holding members) that fix both ends of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes 11. A member 12 and a lower holding member 13).
- the hollow fiber membrane 11 is formed by tubularly forming a porous membrane that allows water to permeate while preventing permeation of impurities contained in the liquid to be treated.
- thermoplastic resin examples include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer, polyamide, polyimide, polyetherimide, polystyrene, polysulfone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyphenylene ether, polyphenylene sulfide, cellulose acetate, and polyacrylonitrile.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PTFE which is excellent in mechanical strength, chemical resistance, heat resistance, weather resistance, nonflammability and the like and is porous is preferable, and uniaxially or biaxially stretched PTFE is more preferable.
- other polymers, additives, such as a lubricant, etc. may be suitably mix
- the plurality of hollow fiber membranes 11 have a rectangular arrangement area in the direction perpendicular to the alignment direction. Further, in the filtration device, a plurality of filtration modules 1 are arranged in parallel at a constant interval in the short side direction of the arrangement region.
- the upper holding member 12 forms an internal space that communicates with the lumens of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes 11 to be held, and has a drain nozzle 12a that discharges the filtered liquid filtered by the hollow fiber membranes 11 from this internal space. .
- the drain nozzle 12a is connected to a water collection pipe 14 that collects the filtered liquid obtained by filtering the liquid to be treated.
- the plurality of water collecting pipes 14 connected to the plurality of filtration modules 1 are converged and connected to one suction pump 15.
- the water collection pipe 14 and the suction pump 15 constitute a drainage mechanism of the filtration device.
- the filtration process is performed by setting the inside of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes 11 to a negative pressure by the operation of the suction pump 15, while the filtration process is suspended by stopping the suction pump 15. It is configured as a device.
- the lower holding member 13 holds the lower end of the hollow fiber membrane 11.
- the lower holding member 13 may form an internal space similarly to the upper holding member 12, and may hold the lower end of the hollow fiber membrane 11 by a method that closes the opening of the hollow fiber membrane 11.
- the filtration module 1 may have a connecting member that connects the upper holding member 12 and the lower holding member 13 in order to facilitate handling (transportation, installation, replacement, etc.).
- a connecting member include a metal support rod and a resin casing (outer cylinder).
- the cleaning module 2 is disposed below the plurality of filtration modules 1.
- the cleaning module 2 supplies air bubbles from below the plurality of filtration modules 1.
- the cleaning module 2 only needs to be able to supply air bubbles.
- the cleaning module 2 includes an air supplier 16 for supplying air and an air header 17 disposed below the plurality of filtration modules 1.
- the air supplier 16 for example, a blower, a compressor, or the like can be used.
- the air header 17, for example, a porous plate or a porous tube in which a large number of holes are formed in a resin or ceramic plate or tube can be used.
- the cleaning chemical liquid supply mechanism 3 is connected to the chemical liquid supply pump 3a, the chemical liquid supply pump 3a, and the water collecting pipe 14, and the cleaning chemical liquid is supplied to the inner side of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes 11 through the water collecting pipe 14 in the cleaning process. And a chemical solution supply pipe 3b that can be supplied.
- the water collection pipe 14 is provided with an opening / closing valve 18 between a connection part with the chemical solution supply pipe 3 b and a connection part with the suction pump 15.
- the filtration device supplies the cleaning chemical liquid by the chemical liquid supply pump 3a after the open / close valve 18 is closed.
- the control mechanism 4 includes a control device 4a such as a personal computer or a programmable logic controller.
- the control mechanism 4 controls the filtration processing period by the plurality of filtration modules 1 and the rest period after the filtration process. Further, the control mechanism 4 controls the cleaning process performed by the cleaning module 2 and the cleaning chemical solution supply process performed by the cleaning chemical solution supply mechanism 3 during the suspension period.
- the operation method of the filtration device includes an operation process and a cleaning process.
- the operation method of the said filtration apparatus may have processes other than the said washing
- the operation method of the filtration device can promote the effect of preventing membrane fouling and the effect of suppressing the operation cost of the filtration device by repeatedly performing the operation step and the cleaning step.
- the filtration process by the some filtration module 1 is performed.
- the operation process is performed based on control by the control mechanism 4. Specifically, in the operation step, the filtration process is started when the suction pump 15 is started according to the control of the control mechanism 4, and the filtration process is stopped when the suction pump 15 is stopped by the control mechanism 4.
- the filtration treatment by the plurality of filtration modules 1 may be continuously performed, but it is preferable to repeat the filtration treatment and the washing by the washing module 2.
- the lower limit of one filtration treatment time is preferably 5 minutes, and more preferably 8 minutes.
- the upper limit of one filtration treatment time is preferably 20 minutes, more preferably 15 minutes, and even more preferably 10 minutes.
- the upper limit of the time for one cleaning is preferably 3 minutes, more preferably 2 minutes, and even more preferably 1.5 minutes.
- the membrane fouling is prevented together with the cleaning effect by the cleaning process described later by repeatedly performing the filtration process by the plurality of filtration modules 1 and the cleaning by the cleaning module 2 in the above operation process.
- Long-term stable operation can be easily and reliably performed while enhancing the effect.
- the cleaning chemical liquid supply mechanism 3 may supply the cleaning chemical liquid.
- the operation method of the filtration device can perform sufficient cleaning by the cleaning process described later, In the process, it is preferable not to supply the cleaning chemical.
- the lower limit of the operation time in the above operation process is preferably 12 hours, more preferably 18 hours, and even more preferably 23 hours.
- the upper limit of the operation time in the operation process is preferably 72 hours, more preferably 48 hours, and even more preferably 24 hours. If the operation time in the operation process is less than the lower limit, the filtration efficiency may not be sufficiently improved. On the other hand, when the operation time in the operation step exceeds the upper limit, the amount of impurities attached to the surface of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes 11 may increase and filtration efficiency may not be sufficiently obtained.
- the operation time of the filtration module may be controlled based on the filtration processing amount within the above time range.
- washing process In the washing step, the filtration process by the filtration module is paused for 0.25 hours to 3 hours to wash the filtration module. That is, the cleaning process is continuously performed during the operation suspension period of the plurality of filtration modules 1. Specifically, the cleaning step is started after the suction pump 15 is stopped according to the control of the control mechanism 4 and is performed until the suction pump 15 is started again by the control mechanism 4.
- the lower limit of the operation suspension period is more preferably 0.3 hours, and further preferably 0.5 hours.
- the upper limit of the operation suspension period is more preferably 2.5 hours, and further preferably 2 hours. If the said operation stop period is less than the said minimum, there exists a possibility that it cannot fully wash. Conversely, if the operation suspension period exceeds the upper limit, the operation suspension period may become unnecessarily long.
- the lower limit of the interval for performing the washing step is 12 hours, more preferably 18 hours, and even more preferably 23 hours.
- the upper limit of the interval for performing the cleaning step is 72 hours, more preferably 48 hours, and even more preferably 24 hours. If the interval for performing the washing step is less than the lower limit, the filtration efficiency may not be sufficiently improved. Conversely, if the interval for performing the cleaning step exceeds the upper limit, membrane fouling cannot be sufficiently prevented, and as a result, the operating cost of the filtration device may not be sufficiently suppressed.
- the operation method of the filtration device it is preferable to perform the cleaning step in the same time zone.
- the operation method of the filtration device is controlled by the control mechanism 4 so that the total time of one operation step and the cleaning step is 24 ⁇ n (n is 1, 2 or 3). By repeating the steps, the cleaning step can be repeated in the same time zone.
- the operation method of the filtration device by repeatedly performing the washing step in the same time zone, for example, washing of the plurality of filtration modules 1 is performed intensively at night when the amount of filtration treatment may be relatively small. Can do. As a result, the filtration method for the filtration device can maintain the filtration throughput per day.
- the cleaning step it is preferable to supply bubbles by the cleaning module 2.
- Such supply of bubbles is performed when the control mechanism 4 activates the air supply device 16.
- the filtration method of the filtration device can accurately remove impurities attached to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane 11 and promote the effect of preventing membrane fouling by supplying bubbles by the washing module 2 in the washing step. .
- the cleaning module 2 When supplying bubbles by the cleaning module 2 in the cleaning step, it is preferable to supply the bubbles continuously during the cleaning step.
- the supply of bubbles may be performed in parallel with the supply of the cleaning chemical.
- the lower limit of the bubble supply period is preferably 0.25 hours, more preferably 0.3 hours, and even more preferably 0.5 hours.
- the upper limit of the bubble supply period is preferably 3 hours, more preferably 2.5 hours, and even more preferably 2 hours. If the supply period of the bubbles is less than the lower limit, it may not be possible to perform sufficient cleaning. On the contrary, if the supply period of the bubbles exceeds the upper limit, the cleaning effect is not so high, but the cost for supplying the bubbles may increase.
- a cleaning chemical solution may be supplied from the inside of the hollow fiber membranes 11 of the plurality of filtration modules 1.
- Such supply of the cleaning chemical is performed by starting the chemical supply pump 3 a by the control mechanism 4.
- the cleaning chemical solution is supplied to the inside of the hollow fiber membranes 11 of the plurality of filtration modules 1 in the cleaning step, thereby increasing the cleaning power per cleaning step and preventing membrane fouling.
- the effect can be promoted.
- the operating method of the said filtration apparatus can acquire sufficient washing
- the cleaning chemical solution for example, sodium hypochlorite, sodium hydroxide, chlorine dioxide, hydrogen peroxide, ozone, and a high cleaning effect with respect to metal oxides that can obtain a high cleaning effect with respect to organic substances.
- the supply timing of the cleaning chemical solution is not particularly limited, but can be, for example, immediately after the start of the cleaning process. As described above, by supplying the cleaning chemical immediately after the start of the cleaning process, it is easy to accurately remove impurities attached to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane 11.
- the filtering device cleaning method may define the timing of supplying the cleaning chemical solution based on the number of times the cleaning process is repeated. You may prescribe. When supplying the cleaning chemical solution every time the cleaning process is repeated a certain number of times, the number of repetitions of the cleaning process may be, for example, 2 to 4 times.
- the cleaning period may be controlled based on the amount of filtration in the operation process within the time range.
- the operation method of the filtration apparatus includes a washing process of washing the filtration module 1 by pausing the filtration process by the filtration module 1 during the above range, and performing the washing process at the above intervals.
- impurities are deposited on the surface of the hollow fiber membrane 11 as compared with the conventional case of repeating a cleaning cycle in which a filtration treatment operation for about 7 minutes is intermittently performed with an operation suspension period of about 1 minute. It is possible to prevent the hollow fiber membranes 11 from being blocked by this impurity. Therefore, the operation method of the filtration device can prevent a membrane fouling, promote a decrease in the chemical cleaning frequency, a reduction in the amount of air during operation, and the like, and suppress an increase in operation cost.
- the operation method of the filtration device can easily remove impurities attached to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane 11, for example, by continuously supplying bubbles during the cleaning step. Therefore, the operation method of the filtration device can obtain a sufficient cleaning effect even if the amount of cleaning chemical used is reduced as compared with the conventional operation method.
- the filtration device can control the operation of the filtration module 1 so as to perform the above-described operation process and cleaning process, it is possible to suppress an increase in operation cost while preventing membrane fouling as described above.
- the filtration device does not necessarily have to have a plurality of filtration modules, and may have one filtration module. Moreover, even if the filtration apparatus has a plurality of filtration modules, the plurality of filtration modules may be controlled separately.
- a method of separately controlling the plurality of filtration modules for example, a method of individually connecting the water collecting pipes connected to the drain nozzles of the upper holding member to separate suction pumps and individually controlling these suction pumps can be mentioned.
- the filtration device does not necessarily have one washing module, and may have a plurality of washing modules. Moreover, when the said filtration apparatus has a some washing
- the operation method of the filtration apparatus controls the plurality of filtration modules separately, and controls the plurality of washing modules separately according to the operation of the plurality of filtration modules, thereby shifting the washing time of each filtration module. Thus, the filtration process can be performed without interruption.
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
3 洗浄薬液供給機構 3a 薬液供給ポンプ 3b 薬液供給管
4 制御機構 4a 制御装置
11 中空糸膜 12 上側保持部材 12a 排水ノズル
13 下側保持部材 14 集水配管 15 吸引ポンプ
16 空気供給器 17 空気ヘッダー 18 開閉バルブ
W 貯留槽
最初に本発明の実施態様を列記して説明する。
以下、図面を参照しつつ、本発明の一実施形態に係る濾過装置の運転方法について説明する。当該濾過装置の運転方法は、図1の濾過装置を用いて行われる。まず、当該濾過装置の運転方法に用いられる本発明の一態様に係る濾過装置について説明する。
図1の濾過装置は、被処理液に含まれる不純物の浸透を後述する中空糸膜11の表面で防止すると共に、不純物以外を中空糸膜11の内部に透過させることで濾過処理を行うものである。当該濾過装置は、複数の濾過モジュール1と、複数の濾過モジュール1の下方から気泡を供給する1つの洗浄モジュール2と、被処理液の原水側に洗浄薬液を供給する洗浄薬液供給機構3とを備える。当該濾過装置は、複数の濾過モジュール1及び1つの洗浄モジュール2を被処理液を貯留した貯留槽Wに浸漬して用いられる。また、当該濾過装置は、複数の濾過モジュール1の運転を制御する制御機構4を備える。
濾過モジュール1は、一方向(本実施形態においては上下方向)に引き揃えられる複数本の中空糸膜11及びこれらの複数本の中空糸膜11の両端部を固定する一対の保持部材(上側保持部材12及び下側保持部材13)を有する。
中空糸膜11は、水を透過させる一方、被処理液に含まれる不純物の透過を防止する多孔性の膜を管状に成形したものである。
上側保持部材12は、保持する複数本の中空糸膜11の内腔と連通する内部空間を形成し、この内部空間から中空糸膜11によって濾過された濾過済液を排出する排水ノズル12aを有する。また、排水ノズル12aは、被処理液を濾過した濾過済液を集める集水配管14に接続している。さらに、複数の濾過モジュール1に接続する複数の集水配管14は、収束された上、1つの吸引ポンプ15に接続している。この集水配管14及び吸引ポンプ15は、当該濾過装置の排水機構を構成している。当該濾過装置は、吸引ポンプ15の運転により複数本の中空糸膜11の内部が負圧とされることで濾過処理が行われる一方、吸引ポンプ15の停止により濾過処理が休止される外圧式濾過装置として構成されている。
下側保持部材13は、中空糸膜11の下端を保持する。下側保持部材13は、上側保持部材12と同様に内部空間を形成してもよく、中空糸膜11の開口を閉塞するような方法で中空糸膜11の下端を保持してもよい。
洗浄モジュール2は、複数の濾過モジュール1の下方に配設される。洗浄モジュール2は、複数の濾過モジュール1の下方から気泡を供給する。
洗浄薬液供給機構3は、薬液供給ポンプ3aと、薬液供給ポンプ3a及び集水配管14に接続され、洗浄工程で集水配管14を介して洗浄薬液を複数本の中空糸膜11の内部側に供給可能な薬液供給管3bとを有する。また、集水配管14には、薬液供給管3bとの接続部及び吸引ポンプ15との接続部間に開閉バルブ18が設けられている。当該濾過装置は、この開閉バルブ18を閉状態とした上で薬液供給ポンプ3aによって洗浄薬液を供給する。
制御機構4は、例えばパーソナルコンピューター、プログラマブルロジックコントローラー等の制御装置4aを有する。制御機構4は、複数の濾過モジュール1による濾過処理期間及びこの濾過処理後における休止期間を制御する。また、制御機構4は、上記休止期間における洗浄モジュール2による洗浄処理及び洗浄薬液供給機構3による洗浄薬液供給処理を制御する。
次に、当該濾過装置の運転方法について説明する。当該濾過装置の運転方法は、運転工程と、洗浄工程とを備える。当該濾過装置の運転方法は、上記運転工程及び洗浄工程の間に上記洗浄工程以外の工程を有してもよいが、上記運転工程及び洗浄工程を交互に繰り返し行うことが好ましい。当該濾過装置の運転方法は、上記運転工程及び洗浄工程を繰り返し行うことによって、膜ファウリングの防止効果及び濾過装置の運転コスト抑制効果を促進することができる。
上記運転工程では、複数の濾過モジュール1による濾過処理を行う。上記運転工程は、制御機構4による制御に基づいて行われる。具体的には、上記運転工程は、制御機構4の制御に従って吸引ポンプ15が起動することで濾過処理が開始され、制御機構4によって吸引ポンプ15が停止することで濾過処理が休止される。
上記洗浄工程では、上記濾過モジュールによる濾過処理を0.25時間以上3時間以下休止して、上記濾過モジュールを洗浄する。つまり、上記洗浄工程は、複数の濾過モジュール1の運転休止期間中、連続して行われる。具体的には、上記洗浄工程は、制御機構4の制御に従って吸引ポンプ15が停止した後に開始され、制御機構4によってこの吸引ポンプ15が再度起動するまでの期間行われる。
、中空糸膜11表面に付着した不純物を的確に除去し、膜ファウリング防止効果を促進することができる。
当該濾過装置の運転方法は、濾過モジュール1による濾過処理を上記範囲の間休止して、濾過モジュール1を洗浄する洗浄工程を備え、この洗浄工程を上記間隔で行う。これにより、例えば7分間程度の濾過処理運転を1分間程度の運転休止期間を挟んで間欠的に行うような洗浄サイクルを繰り返す従来の場合と比べて、中空糸膜11の表面に不純物が堆積し、この不純物によって中空糸膜11間が閉塞するのを防止することができる。従って、当該濾過装置の運転方法は、膜ファウリングを防止しつつ、薬液洗浄頻度の低下や運転時の空気量の削減等を促進し、運転コストの増加を抑制することができる。
今回開示された実施の形態は全ての点で例示であって制限的なものではないと考えられるべきである。本発明の範囲は、上記実施形態の構成に限定されるものではなく、特許請求の範囲によって示され、特許請求の範囲と均等の意味及び範囲内での全ての変更が含まれることが意図される。
Claims (4)
- 一方向に引き揃えられる複数本の中空糸膜及びこれらの複数本の中空糸膜の両端部を固定する一対の保持部材を有する1又は複数の濾過モジュールと、
この濾過モジュールの下方から気泡を供給する1又は複数の洗浄モジュールと
を備える濾過装置の運転方法であって、
上記濾過モジュールによる濾過処理を行う運転工程と、
上記濾過モジュールによる濾過処理を0.25時間以上3時間以下休止して、上記濾過モジュールを洗浄する洗浄工程とを備え、
上記洗浄工程を12時間以上72時間以下の間隔で行う濾過装置の運転方法。 - 上記運転工程及び洗浄工程を繰り返し行う請求項1に記載の濾過装置の運転方法。
- 上記洗浄工程で洗浄モジュールによる気泡の供給を行う請求項1又は請求項2に記載の濾過装置の運転方法。
- 一方向に引き揃えられる複数本の中空糸膜及びこれらの複数本の中空糸膜の両端部を固定する一対の保持部材を有する1又は複数の濾過モジュールと、
この濾過モジュールの下方から気泡を供給する1又は複数の洗浄モジュールと
を備える濾過装置であって、
請求項1、請求項2又は請求項3に記載の運転方法の運転工程及び洗浄工程を行うよう濾過モジュールの運転を制御する機構をさらに備える濾過装置。
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JP2013233483A (ja) * | 2012-05-07 | 2013-11-21 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 廃水処理装置及び廃水処理方法 |
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CA2655917A1 (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2008-01-03 | Sumitomo Electric Fine Polymer, Inc. | Filtration apparatus featuring hollow fiber membranes in a holding member |
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