WO2016177310A1 - 一种pet设备的扫描机构及pet设备 - Google Patents

一种pet设备的扫描机构及pet设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016177310A1
WO2016177310A1 PCT/CN2016/080882 CN2016080882W WO2016177310A1 WO 2016177310 A1 WO2016177310 A1 WO 2016177310A1 CN 2016080882 W CN2016080882 W CN 2016080882W WO 2016177310 A1 WO2016177310 A1 WO 2016177310A1
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Prior art keywords
plate
module mounting
detector
sets
module
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PCT/CN2016/080882
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张建兵
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武汉数字派特科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2016177310A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016177310A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, relates to a scanning mechanism of a PET device, and to a PET device having the above scanning structure.
  • PET (positron emission tomography) scanning equipment is an internationally advanced medical imaging diagnostic equipment that uses medical imaging technology for human function imaging at the molecular level.
  • the PET scanning device is composed of a scanning frame, an inspection bed, a computer system, an operation console, and the like.
  • the scanning frame is provided with a module mounting plate, and the modules of the detector are uniformly arranged in a ring shape and mounted on the module mounting plate to form a detector ring of the PET detector.
  • the main technical indicators such as position resolution and sensitivity of PET scanning equipment depend on the detector system used, so the PET detector unit is the core component of nuclear medicine equipment.
  • the width and height often exceed two meters.
  • the operator often needs to select different operating points according to the installation position of the detector unit.
  • the installation and routing of the detector unit is carried out, especially when the detector unit installation and the wiring connection of the top and bottom are performed, and the operation is often inconvenient due to the height of the fixed height and the space limitation of the bottom. Due to the complex structure and the large number of detectors, the detectors inevitably have problems during the operation of the PET equipment.
  • the fault point is uncertain, there may be an operation space, but it is too narrow, or the outer casing of the PET device needs to be removed as a whole, so that the fault point can be effectively determined, and the fault diagnosis and maintenance of the detector unit are inconvenient.
  • the existing detector unit mounting structure if it is necessary to perform maintenance, repair or upgrade of the detector unit, it is usually necessary to completely disassemble all the original detector units mounted on the module mounting board, or It is necessary to disassemble and paste the connected detector groups in groups instead of one detector unit, which brings great inconvenience to the maintenance and maintenance, and brings heavy maintenance costs to the users of the equipment.
  • the upgrading of equipment or the improvement of customer demand the demand for upgrading original PET machines is increasing, and the existing installation of detector units is not conducive to the upgrading of existing equipment.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a scanning mechanism for a PET device, wherein the mounting frame for mounting the detector unit is rotatable
  • the specified detector unit in the installation of the detector unit, fault diagnosis, maintenance process and upgrade, can be rotated to the appropriate operating point selected by the operator by rotating the mounting frame.
  • the entire installation and maintenance process is very convenient.
  • the detector unit is modular. Each group of PET detector units is a field-removable structure. When the detector unit fails, only the faulty PET detector unit needs to be replaced.
  • the solution of the present invention is:
  • a scanning mechanism of a PET apparatus comprising a rotary scanning frame, a plurality of sets of modularly arranged detector units mounted on the rotary scanning frame;
  • the rotary scanning frame includes a supporting mechanism, a limiting mechanism, a cage frame mechanism fixed between the supporting mechanism and the limiting mechanism for mounting the plurality of detector units, and an active mechanism Piece
  • the cage frame mechanism includes two sets of module mounting plates and a plurality of sets of hangers, the two sets of module mounting plates are annular structures, one set of module mounting plates are fastened to the support mechanism on the same side, and the other is
  • the group module mounting plate is fastened to the same side of the limiting mechanism to support the entire cage frame mechanism and axially limit the cage frame mechanism;
  • the plurality of sets of pylons are axially mounted on the two sets of modules
  • the two ends of each set of racks are respectively fastened and connected to the two sets of module mounting boards, and each set of racks is radially fastened to at least one detector unit, and the detector units are mutually connected
  • Adjacent setting Adjacent setting
  • the active member is disposed between the module mounting plate and the same side supporting mechanism, and includes a connecting plate and a supporting plate disposed vertically, the connecting plate radially fitting the supporting mechanism and the module mounting plate Provided, and the connecting plate is fastened to the supporting mechanism and the module mounting plate respectively to achieve a fixing between the supporting mechanism and the module mounting plate, the support plate is a circular ring plate, and the supporting plate is A ring on the module mounting plate corresponds to an axial sleeve connection such that the cage frame mechanism frictionally rotates about the support plate.
  • the radial shape of the inner ring of the module mounting plate is circular, and the diameter of the supporting plate is set corresponding to the inner diameter of the module mounting plate, so that the surface of the inner wall of the module mounting plate and the outer wall of the supporting plate are sleeved.
  • the connection is configured to drive the cage frame structure to rotate about the outer side of the support plate.
  • the module mounting plate is a ring structure, the inner diameter of the support plate is corresponding to the outer diameter of the module mounting plate, so that the surface of the outer wall of the module mounting plate is sleeved with the inner wall of the supporting plate.
  • the cage frame structure is rotated to rotate on an inner side of the support plate.
  • a side of the module mounting plate is provided with a circular groove, and the size of the support plate is corresponding to the size of the circular groove, so that the support plate is fitted in the annular groove to Driving the cage frame structure to rotate.
  • the surface of the support plate that is in contact with the module mounting plate is differently disposed.
  • a rolling bearing or a ball is disposed at a surface of the support plate that is in contact with the module mounting plate.
  • the spacing between the two sets of module mounting plates and the length of the pylon are not less than the d*n setting, where d is the length of the detector unit to be mounted, and n is the number of detector units to be mounted.
  • the limiting mechanism is configured in the same manner as the supporting mechanism, and includes a backboard bracket.
  • the scanning rack includes two sets of active components, and a module mounting plate and a backing bracket are disposed between each side.
  • the active member; or the cage frame mechanism is cylindrical, the limiting mechanism is disposed below the cage frame mechanism, the limiting mechanism and the cage
  • the face in contact with the frame mechanism is a curved face to support and axially limit the cage frame mechanism.
  • a plurality of screw holes are respectively formed between the connecting plate and the back plate bracket, and between the connecting plate and the module mounting plate, and the connecting plate is connected to the back plate bracket and the module via screws
  • the mounting plates are fixedly connected.
  • the scanning frame further includes a base, and the positioning mechanism and the supporting mechanism are respectively fastened to the base.
  • the pylon includes a connecting rod for hanging the detector unit and a connecting lug at two ends of the connecting rod, and the two sets of module mounting boards are provided with a plurality of card slots corresponding to the connecting rod, and the connecting The rod is axially mounted on the two sets of module mounting plates via the card slot, and the connecting lugs on each side are respectively fastened to the module mounting plate and the connecting rod on the same side.
  • the connecting lug plate is fixedly connected to the module mounting plate and the connecting rod via screws.
  • each of the card slots is inclined with respect to the radial direction, and the inclination angle is 360°/N, wherein N is the maximum number of detector units that can be accommodated by a detector ring.
  • the number of the hangers is an even number, and the plurality of sets of hangers are uniformly symmetrically distributed on the outer edge of the module mounting board.
  • the pylon is further provided with a plurality of grooves for accommodating the detector ID unit, the grooves are disposed above the each of the detector units, and the number is corresponding to the number of the detector units.
  • the ID unit is fixed in the recess, and each ID unit is communicatively coupled to a corresponding detector unit.
  • the rotary scanning frame further includes a front end support plate, the front end support plate is disposed parallel to the pylon, the two ends of the front end support plate are fixed on two sets of module mounting boards, and the front end support board is hung with the same
  • the bottom of each set of detector units fixed on the rack is fastened and is limited to the bottom of the plurality of sets of detector units.
  • the rotary scanning frame is provided with two sets of front end support shelves corresponding to the front end support plate, and each set of front end support shelves is arranged in parallel and radially, respectively fixed on the inner side of the same side module mounting plate, and the front end support rests
  • the outer edge of the plate is provided with a plurality of slots corresponding to each of the front end support plates.
  • the trough is gradually decreasing radially inward from the width of the opening.
  • the modular detector unit includes a detector module and a housing for accommodating the detector module, the detector module is fixed in the housing, and the top of each housing The hanger is fastened.
  • each set of housings includes a bottom plate for fixing the detector module and three sets of fixing plates disposed around the detector module, and the bottom plate and the three sets of fixing plates are fixedly connected in sequence to form a placement place.
  • the accommodating space of the detector module is fastened to the top of the bottom plate, and the bottom of the bottom plate is fixedly connected to the front end support plate.
  • the bottom plate is an aluminum plate.
  • the accommodating space is a quadrangular prism structure whose tangential area gradually decreases inward in the radial direction.
  • the bottom plate of the quadrangular prism structure is arranged in parallel in a radial direction to serve as a reference positioning surface.
  • the apex angle of the quadrangular prism structure is not greater than 360°/N.
  • the detector module includes a front end electronic component and a crystal component, and the front end electronic component is disposed on the housing Internally, the crystal assembly is disposed outside the housing, and the front end electronic component and the crystal assembly are communicatively coupled via a flexible connecting line.
  • the crystal assembly comprises at least one set of crystals and a mounting pendant, the mounting pendants are respectively plugged and connected to the plurality of sets of crystals, and the other end is fastened to the corresponding housings to fix the crystal components.
  • the housing On the housing.
  • a PET apparatus comprising a scanning mechanism as previously described for facilitating the installation and removal of a PET detector unit.
  • the cage frame mechanism itself is fixed by the back plate bracket and the limiting mechanism at both ends, thereby being suspended and axially limited for mounting the modular detector unit.
  • An active member is disposed between the back plate bracket and the module mounting plate on the same side, and the active member includes a parallel radial connecting connecting plate and a circular annular supporting plate disposed parallel to the axial direction, wherein the connecting plate and the supporting plate are vertically disposed, wherein
  • the connecting plates are respectively fixedly connected with the backboard brackets of the same side and the module mounting boards of the cage frame mechanism, the vertical plate mounting plate of the supporting plate is set, and the entire circular supporting plate is sleeved on the corresponding ring of the module mounting plate.
  • the axial fit between the two rings allows the module mounting plate to be frictionally rotated about the support plate.
  • the rotary scanning frame further includes a front end support plate and a front end support shelf corresponding thereto, the front end support plate being disposed at the bottom of the casing for mounting the detector unit, parallel to the pylon-setting, and a pylon
  • the bottoms of all the upper suspensions are fastened to limit the bottoms of the plurality of sets of housings, so that the inner ends of the detector units can be fixed, and the crystal positioning is prevented from being caused by the front and rear swaying, and the front end is not allowed.
  • the support shelf is disposed inside the same side module mounting plate, and the outer edge of the front support shelf is provided with a card slot corresponding to each set of front end support plates to fix the front support plate port, so that the arrangement improves the height of each detector unit. Mounting connection reliability does not cause warpage of the inner end crystal.
  • the utility model comprises a detector module and a housing for accommodating the detector module, the detector module is fixed in the housing, the housing is suspended radially on the pylon, and the upper part of the housing is fastened to the pylon Connecting, and the housings are arranged adjacent to each other, each set of housings is for accommodating a set of detector modules, so that the detector modules are arranged in a ring shape and mounted on the module mounting plate to form one or more sets of detectors. ring.
  • the pylon where the faulty detector module is located is removed from the module mounting board, and then the pylon is removed, and the housing and the hull are fastened to the pylon.
  • the detector module placed in the housing is also removed, and then the faulty detector module is taken out of the housing for repair or replacement, or the housing and the rack directly failing are directly connected.
  • the connection, the housing is removed radially, and then the failed detector module is removed from the housing.
  • each set of housing only installs the front end circuit component of the detector module, and the crystal component is disposed outside the housing, and the front end is electrically
  • the circuit component and the crystal are communicatively connected via a flexible connecting wire, and the crystal component is tightly connected to the lower part of the housing through the mounting pendant, so that when only the circuit or the crystal transmits a fault in the detector module, only the corresponding circuit or crystal is replaced by the replacement. Yes, reducing the cost and difficulty of maintenance.
  • the PET apparatus shown in the present invention can more conveniently perform the installation, disassembly and maintenance of the PET detector unit by adopting the above-described scanning frame structure.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a scanning mechanism of a PET apparatus in which a plurality of sets of detector units are mounted;
  • Figure 2 is a front elevational view of the scanning mechanism of a PET apparatus in which a plurality of detector units are mounted;
  • Figure 3 is a side elevational view of the embodiment of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of the embodiment shown in Figure 2;
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of the scanning mechanism shown in Figure 4;
  • Figure 6 is an enlarged view of a portion II of the scanning mechanism shown in Figure 4.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a rotary scanning frame in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1;
  • Figure 8 is a front elevational view of the rotary scanning gantry shown in Figure 7;
  • Figure 9 is an A-A arrow view of the rotary scanning frame shown in Figure 8.
  • Figure 10 is an enlarged view of the middle portion III of the rotary scanning frame shown in Figure 9;
  • Figure 11 is an enlarged view of the center IV of the rotary scanning frame shown in Figure 9;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of an active member in the scanning mechanism shown in FIG. 9;
  • Figure 13 is a front elevational view showing the connection structure of the hanger and the housing in the embodiment shown in Figure 1;
  • Figure 14 is a perspective view showing the connection structure of the hanger and the housing shown in Figure 13;
  • Figure 15 is a side view showing the connection structure of the hanger and the housing shown in Figure 13;
  • the crystal 212-1, the mounting pendant 212-2, the housing 220, and the bottom plate 221 are provided.
  • the present invention discloses a scanning mechanism of a PET apparatus, including a rotary scanning gantry 100, and a plurality of sets of modularly disposed detector units 200 mounted on the rotating scanning gantry 100.
  • the cage frame mechanism of the rotary scanning frame 100 is rotatable about the axial direction of the scanning mechanism, and the detector unit 200 is annularly mounted in the cage frame mechanism, and each group of detector units is a field detachable structure, through the cooperation of the two Easy and fast realization of detectors in PET equipment Installation and maintenance.
  • the rotary scanning frame 100 includes a base 110, a supporting mechanism 120 fixedly disposed on the base 110, a limiting mechanism, and is fixed between the supporting mechanism 120 and the limiting mechanism.
  • a cage frame mechanism 130 of a plurality of sets of detector units 200 is installed.
  • the cage frame mechanism 130 includes two sets of module mounting plates 131 and a plurality of sets of hangers 132, and the two sets of module mounting plates 131 are annular structures. It is arranged to form a passage for the PET bed to enter and exit.
  • the mounting position and shape of the corresponding detector unit 200 on the ring plate surface are provided with a plurality of openings for facilitating heat dissipation, wherein a set of module mounting plates 131 are tightly coupled to the support mechanism 120 on the same side.
  • the other set of module mounting plates 131 are fixedly connected with the same-side limiting mechanism, so that the cage frame mechanism 130 can be effectively fixed on the supporting mechanism 120 without axial displacement.
  • the limiting mechanism is configured in the same manner as the supporting mechanism, and each includes a backing plate bracket 121.
  • the two backing plate supports 121 are respectively fastened to the cage frame mechanism 130 to support and support the cage frame mechanism 130.
  • the two sets of support mechanisms 120 are respectively fixed on the base 110 via the studs, and the two ends of the cage frame mechanism 130, that is, the two module mounting plates are respectively adjacent to a back plate support 121. It is arranged and fastened to the backboard bracket 121 on the same side. The bottom of the backboard bracket 121 is in turn fastened to the base 110.
  • the screw is fixedly connected so that the backboard bracket serves as the foundation of the entire rack.
  • the backboard bracket In order to enhance the bearing capacity of the backboard bracket 121, the backboard bracket is supported. A plurality of sets of reinforcing ribs are further added below, and a plurality of sets of reinforcing ribs are uniformly distributed, and the bottom is fixed on the base 110, and the side parts are fixedly connected with the back plate bracket.
  • the active member 170 is also provided with two groups, which are respectively located between the backboard bracket 121 and the module mounting package 131.
  • an active member 170 is disposed between the module mounting plate and the back plate bracket 121 on one side, and each set of the driving members 170 is disposed between the back plate bracket 121 and the module mounting plate 131 on the same side.
  • It includes a connecting plate 171 and a supporting plate 172.
  • the connecting plate 171 and a supporting plate 172 are vertically disposed.
  • the connecting plate 171 is disposed radially on the contract side of the back plate bracket 121 and the module mounting plate 131.
  • the back plate bracket 121 and the module The mounting plate 131 is fastened via the connection plate 171 to achieve fixation between the ipsilateral support mechanism 120 and the module mounting plate 131.
  • the support plate 172 is an annular plate disposed parallel to the axial direction for a circular ring connection with the support cage frame structure such that the cage frame mechanism 130 can rotate on the two sets of support plates 172.
  • the inner ring of the module mounting plate has a circular cross section
  • the active member 170 is a vertically disposed L-shaped annular plate.
  • the two sides of the connecting plate 172 are respectively disposed on the back plate bracket 121 and the module mounting plate 131, and the connecting plate 172 and the back plate bracket 121 and the module mounting plate 131 are respectively fastened to realize the same side supporting mechanism 200 and module mounting.
  • the plates 320 are fixed in close proximity so that the cage frame structure as a whole can be effectively secured between the two sets of support mechanisms 120.
  • a plurality of first type screw holes and a plurality of second type screw holes are formed in the connecting plate 172 , and the back plate bracket 121 and the module mounting board 131 respectively correspond to the first A screw hole and a second type screw hole are also provided with a plurality of screw holes, and the connecting plate 172 is fixedly connected to the back plate bracket 121 and the module mounting plate 131 via screws, respectively.
  • the support plate 172 is a circular plate disposed parallel to the axial direction, and the outer diameter of the support plate 172 is set corresponding to the inner diameter of the module mounting plate 131, so that the inner wall of the module mounting plate and the outer wall of the support plate are located.
  • the cover sleeve 172 is sleeved in the module mounting plate 132 so as to drive the cage frame structure to rotate around the outer wall of the support plate; in addition, the module mounting plate 131 rests on the support plate 172 and can also be used for the entire cage.
  • the frame mechanism 130 performs auxiliary support.
  • the module mounting plate 131 and the support plate 172 are caused to adhere and fuse under the action of gravity, and at the same time, in order to reduce the friction during rotation,
  • the contact surfaces or the overall materials of the two are differently arranged, and at the same time, the frictional force of the rotation is reduced, and some balls or rollers can be set on the contact faces of the two to reduce the resistance during rotation.
  • the cage frame mechanism may be a circular ring as shown, or may have a square or rectangular shape as a whole.
  • the module mounting plate 131 is a ring structure
  • the driving member 170 is a vertically disposed inverted L-shaped annular plate, including a connecting plate 171 and a supporting plate 172, a connecting plate 171 and a back plate bracket 121 and a module mounting plate.
  • the connection relationship of 131 is as described above, and the internal diameter of the support plate 172 is corresponding to the outer diameter of the module mounting plate, so that the surface of the outer wall of the module mounting plate and the inner wall of the support plate are sleeved.
  • the connection, that is, the module mounting plate is sleeved in the support plate 172, so that the cage frame structure as a whole can rotate on the inner side of the support plate 172.
  • the module mounting board is provided with a circular groove on the side of the backboard mounting board
  • the active component 170 is a vertically disposed T-shaped annular plate
  • the connecting plate 172 is disposed on the backboard bracket 121 and the module is mounted.
  • the plates 131 are fixedly connected with each other, and the size of the support plate 172 is set corresponding to the size of the circular groove, so that the annular plate is fitted in the annular groove, so that the cage frame mechanism as a whole It can also be rotated.
  • the active member 170 is correspondingly disposed between the backplane bracket 121 and the module mounting board 131 on the same side, and the annular plate is disposed perpendicular to the plane of the module mounting board shown.
  • a toroidal surface of the module mounting plate is correspondingly sleeved with the toroidal surface of the supporting plate so that the cage frame mechanism frictionally rotates along a toroid of the supporting plate, and the limiting mechanism is used for the backing
  • the plate bracket 121 axially limits the cage frame mechanism to prevent the cage frame mechanism 130 from falling off the active member 170 during rotation.
  • the cage frame mechanism 130 is a ring structure, and the limiting mechanism is disposed under the side of the cage frame mechanism 130.
  • the surface of the limiting mechanism contacting the cage frame mechanism is a curved surface. And the curvature of the curved surface is the same as the curvature of the same side module mounting plate 131 to support and axially limit the cage frame mechanism, so that the cage frame mechanism 130 can be supported and rotated.
  • the stud fastening connection state between the two sets of connecting plates 171 and the two sets of backing plate supports 121 is maintained during the mounting of the PET detector unit 200. Then, the two sets of module mounting plates 131 and the studs between the two sets of connecting plates 171 are loosened, since the two sets of module mounting plates 131 are respectively rested on the two sets of supporting plates 172, both of which are rings and the contact faces are different. Material, so when the entire cage frame mechanism 130 is pushed, the cage frame mechanism 130 as a whole can be rotated on the two sets of support plates 172, so that the operator can select the most suitable position by rotating the cage mechanism 130, which will need to be installed.
  • the position of the detector unit is turned to the front of itself for operation. Similarly, in When the diagnosis and repair of the failure of the PET detector unit 200 is performed, it is not necessary to disassemble the integral casing of the PET apparatus, but only the part of the casing needs to be disassembled to form a suitable operation window, and then by rotating the cage frame structure 120, The diagnosis and maintenance of the PET detector unit 200 is performed.
  • the plurality of sets of hangers 132 are respectively disposed parallel to the axial direction, and each set of the hangers 132 is axially mounted on the outer edges of the two sets of module mounting plates 131.
  • the two ends of the hangers 132 are respectively fastened to the two sets of module mounting plates 131.
  • each of the pylons 132 is radially fastened to at least one detector unit 200, and the detector units 200 are disposed adjacent to each other.
  • the pylon 132 includes a connecting rod 132-1 for mounting the detector unit 200 and a connecting lug 132-2 at both ends of the connecting rod 132-1.
  • the outer edges of the two sets of module mounting plates 131 correspond to each other.
  • the connecting rod 132-1 is provided with a plurality of card slots 131-1, so that the connecting rod 132-1 can be axially mounted on the two sets of module mounting plates 131 via a pair of card slots 131-1, the module mounting plate 131 on the same side and
  • the connecting rods 132-1 are fixedly connected via a set of connecting lugs 132-2 to achieve the fixing of the rack 132 as a whole on the module mounting board 131.
  • the pylon 132 is a split structure, and the connecting lug 132-2 and the connecting rod 132-1 are fixedly connected via a stud, so as to effectively ensure the connection strength, the processing difficulty is reduced relative to the integrated structure.
  • the attachment lug 132-2 is disposed outside of each set of module mounting plates 131 to provide more space for the installation of the detector unit 200.
  • a plurality of detector units 200 may be installed in a plurality of detector rings, and each of the card slots 131-1 in the module mounting board 131 of the present invention is relatively Set in a radial tilt, the angle of inclination is 360 ° / N, N is the maximum number of detector units that can be accommodated in a ring of detectors.
  • each set of pylons 132 is further provided with a plurality of grooves 132-3 for accommodating the detector ID unit 150, and the grooves 132-3 are disposed above each of the detector units 200.
  • the number corresponds to the number of detector units 200. Due to the large number of detector units 200 in a PET device, if one or more detector units 200 fail during operation, it is very difficult to diagnose and eliminate the rotary scanning frame 100 shown in the present invention.
  • the recesses 132-3 for the plurality of sets of the detector ID units 150 are disposed on the hanger 132 corresponding to the number of the detector units 200 that are suspended and fixed.
  • the ID units 150 are fixed in the grooves, and each of the ID units 150 passes.
  • the line is communicatively coupled to a corresponding set of detector units 200. When a certain group of detector units 200 fails, the location of the failed detector unit 200 can be determined in time by the ID unit 150.
  • the pylon 132 for mounting the fixed detector unit 200 is provided with an even array, and the plurality of sets of pylons 132 are evenly symmetrically distributed on the outer edge of the module mounting plate 131. Since the PET imaging is currently performed based on the paired coincidence events, when the hangers 132 are evenly distributed on the module mounting plate 131, the detector unit 200 is radially suspended on the hanger 132 to form a uniform uniformity. The symmetrically distributed detector ring enables more accurate reconstruction of PET images.
  • the spacing of the two sets of module mounting plates 131 and the length of the pylons 132 are not less than the d*n setting, where d is the length of the detector unit 200 to be mounted, and n is the detector unit 200 to be mounted. quantity.
  • d is the length of the detector unit 200 to be mounted
  • n is the detector unit 200 to be mounted. quantity.
  • the greater the number of detector units 200 the greater the accuracy of PET imaging, and the number of detector units 200. The more the PET equipment, the higher the cost.
  • the rotary scanning frame 100 of the PET device of the present invention can erect one or more PET detector rings in the cage mechanism for image reconstruction according to the needs of the user; when the upgrade is needed,
  • the spacing of the module mounting plate 131 and the length of the pylon 132 are not less than the d*n setting, which reserves space for the installation of the new detector ring, so it is only necessary to continue to add a new detector unit 200 in the cage frame structure.
  • the new detector ring can be used without any waste of the original equipment, and the upgrade is more convenient.
  • a total of four sets of housings 100 are provided, that is, four sets of detector rings can be formed.
  • the rotary scanning gantry 100 of the present invention further includes a front end support plate 140 disposed at the bottom of the detector unit 200, and all the detections fixed on the same pylon 132.
  • the bottom of the unit 200 is fixedly coupled and the parallel pylons 132 are arranged to limit the bottom of the detector unit 200 on the set of pylons 132.
  • the inner end of each detector unit 200 can be fixed, the connection reliability of the detector unit 200 is improved, and the warp deformation of the crystal 212-1 is avoided as much as possible.
  • the rotary scanning frame 100 is also provided with two corresponding front end support plates 140.
  • the front end support shelf 160, each front end support shelf 160 is disposed on the inner side of the same side module mounting plate 131, and is fixedly connected to the module mounting plate 131.
  • the front end support shelf 160 is an annular shelf, and the annular shelf corresponds to
  • Each of the front end support plates 140 is provided with a recess 161 at both ends thereof, so that both ends of the front end support plate 140 can be locked on the annular shelf to fix the front end support plate 140, and finally the bottom limit of the detector unit 200 is achieved.
  • the mounting stability of the detector unit 200 on the rotary scanning gantry 100 is high, and the displacement of the crystal 212-1 can be effectively prevented to cause the image reconstruction accuracy to decrease.
  • the opening width of the slot 161 on the outer edge of the front end support shelf 160 is gradually decreased radially inward, so that when the detector unit 200 is mounted, although the internal installation space is narrow, it is fixed to the detector unit.
  • the front end support plate 140 at the bottom of the 200 can still be easily and quickly inserted and fixed to the front end support shelf 160.
  • the detector unit 200 is a field-removable and mountable structure including a detector module and a housing for accommodating the detector.
  • the housing 220 of the module wherein the detector module includes a front end electronic component and a crystal component 212.
  • the detector module is fixed in the housing 220, and the top of each housing 220 is fastened to the hanger 132, and each housing 220 The bottom is fixedly connected to the front end support plate 140.
  • the detector module when installing, the detector module is first fixed in the housing 220, and then the housing 220 on which the detector module is mounted is fixed on the hanger 132, and finally the hanger 132 is The two ends are fixedly connected with the module mounting plate 131 of the PET device, so that the mounting of the detector unit 200 can be realized; when the maintenance needs to be disassembled, the pylon 132 where the faulty detector module is located is removed from the opposite step. The module mounting plate 131 is detached, and then the housing 220 in which the failed detector module is located is removed from the pylon 132 to perform repair or replacement of the subsequently failed detector module.
  • each group of detector modules only A front-end electronic component having a complicated structure is disposed inside the casing 220, and a crystal component 212 having a simple structure is located outside the casing 220, and the crystal group is
  • the member 212 includes a crystal 212-1 and a mounting pendant 212-2.
  • the crystal assembly 212 and the housing 220 (specifically, the bottom of the housing 220) are detachably connected via a mounting bracket 212-2, preferably a bolt or stud.
  • the crystal assembly 212 ie, the crystal 212-1
  • the front end circuit unit are communicatively coupled via a flexible connection line such that if only the crystal assembly 212 fails, only the mounting tab 212-2 can be removed from the housing 220.
  • the bottom is disassembled to keep the structure of the front end circuit unit and the housing 220 unchanged, which can save cost and is more convenient for maintenance.
  • each set of housings 220 includes a bottom plate 221 for fixing the detector module and three sets of fixing plates disposed around the detector module.
  • the bottom plate 221 and the three sets of fixing plates are sequentially fixedly connected to form a detector.
  • the accommodating space of the module, the top of the bottom plate 221 is fastened to the pylon 132; in this way, when the detector module is installed, the front end electronic component can be fixed on the bottom plate 221 in advance, and then the three sets of the mounting are fixed.
  • the mounting plate provides sufficient operating space for the installation of complex front-end electronic components.
  • the accommodating space formed by the bottom plate 221 and the three sets of fixing plates is a quadrangular prism structure whose tangential area gradually decreases inward in the radial direction, and the general detector ring is a ring structure, in order to make full use of space
  • the accommodating space for mounting the detector unit 200 is set to a quadrangular prism structure which gradually decreases inward in the radial direction.
  • the bottom plate 221 of the quadrangular prism structure is disposed in parallel in the radial direction as the reference positioning surface, so that the center of the crystal 212-1 of the detector unit 200 can be parallel to the axial direction as much as possible, so that the accuracy of image reconstruction is higher.
  • the apex angle of the quadrangular prism structure is not more than 360°/N.
  • the invention also discloses a PET device, comprising the scanning mechanism as described above, in the installation of the detector unit of the PET device, fault diagnosis, maintenance process and upgrade, the specified detector can be rotated by rotating the mounting frame The unit rotates to the appropriate operating point selected by the operator. The entire installation and maintenance process is very convenient.
  • the detector unit is modular. Each group of PET detector units is a field-removable structure. When the detector unit fails. Only replace the failed PET detector unit.

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Abstract

一种PET设备的扫描机构，包括旋转式扫描机架（100）以及多组探测器单元（200），扫描机架（100）包括支撑机构（120）、限位机构、位于二者之间的笼式框架机构（130）以及至少一主动件（170），笼式框架机构（130）包括相对设置的两组模块安装板（131）和多组挂架（132），一模块安装板（131）与支撑机构（120）紧固连接，另一模块安装板与限位机构紧固连接；挂架（132）架设于两组模块安装板（131）的外边沿上且分别与两组模块安装板（131）紧固连接；主动件（170）设置于同侧背板支架（121）与模块安装板（131）之间，包括连接板（171）和支撑板（172），支撑板（172）为平行轴向设置圆环板，模块安装板（131）上的一圆环柱体与支撑板（172）对应套设连接，从而笼式框架机构（130）沿支撑板（172）的环面摩擦旋转，探测器单元（200）为现场可拆卸结构，通过探测器单元（200）和扫描机架（100）的配合，可方便快捷的实现探测器单元（200）的安装与拆卸。

Description

一种PET设备的扫描机构及PET设备 技术领域
本发明属于医疗器械领域，涉及一种PET设备的扫描机构，还涉及一种具有上述扫描结构的PET设备。
背景技术
PET(positron emission tomography，正电子发射断层成像)扫描设备是国际上尖端的医学影像诊断设备，采用了在分子水平上进行人体功能显像的医学影像技术。PET扫描设备由扫描机架、检查床、计算机系统、操作控制台等构成。其中扫描机架上设有模块安装板，探测器的模块呈环状均匀排列的安装在所述模块安装板上，以形成PET探测器的探测器环。PET扫描设备的位置分辨率、灵敏度等主要技术指标都取决于其所采用的探测器系统，故PET探测器单元是核医学设备的核心部件。
如前所述，由于PET设备体积较大，宽度和高度往往超过两米，采用现有的探测器单元的安装结构和安装方式，操作人员往往需要根据探测器单元的安装位置选择不同的操作点进行探测器单元的安装与走线，尤其在进行顶部和底部的探测器单元安装与走线插接时，由于定都的高度及底部的空间的限制，操作上往往非常不便。由于探测器的构成复杂，而且数量众多，PET设备运行过程中探测器不可避免地会出现问题，在确认具体何处探测器单元发生故障、并对发生故障的探测器单元进行维护、维修时，由于故障点不确定，可能会出现虽然具有操作空间，但是过于狭窄，或者需要将PET设备的外壳整体拆卸下来，才能有效的进行故障点的确定，造成探测器单元的故障诊断以及维修不便。同时，采用现有的探测器单元安装结构，若需要对探测器单元进行维护、维修或者进行探测器的升级换代时，通常需要整个拆卸安装在模块安装板上的全部的原探测器单元，或需要成组的拆卸粘贴相接的探测器组，而不是一个探测器单元，维修维护带来很大不便，给设备的使用者带来的沉重的维护成本。此外，随着设备更新换代或客户需求的提高，对原有PET机进行升级的需求不断增加，现有的探测器单元安装方式也不利于已有设备的升级换代。
因此，探测器安装、维修更换是否方便是PET设备硬件结构设计的一个关键点。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种PET设备的扫描机构，用于安装探测器单元的安装机架为可旋 转结构，在探测器单元安装、故障诊断、维修过程及升级中，可通过转动安装机架，将指定的探测器单元旋转至操作人员选择的合适操作点处，整个安装、维修过程十分方便，同时，探测器单元为模块化设置，每组PET探测器单元都是现场可拆卸的结构，当探测器单元故障发生时，只需要更换发生故障的PET探测器单元即可。
为达到上述目的，本发明的解决方案是：
一种PET设备的扫描机构，包括旋转式扫描机架，安装在所述旋转式扫描机架上的多组模块化设置的探测器单元；
所述旋转式扫描机架包括相对设置的一支撑机构、一限位机构、固定在所述支撑机构与限位机构之间用于安装所述多组探测器单元的笼式框架机构以及一主动件；
所述笼式框架机构包括相对设置的两组模块安装板以及多组挂架，所述两组模块安装板为环状结构，一组模块安装板与同侧的支撑机构紧固连接、另一组模块安装板与同侧的限位机构紧固连接以支撑整个笼式框架机构并对所述笼式框架机构轴向限位；所述多组挂架轴向架设于所述两组模块安装板的外边沿上，每组挂架的两端分别与所述两组模块安装板紧固连接，每组挂架上径向紧固连接至少一探测器单元，所述探测器单元之间相互毗邻设置；
所述主动件设置在所述模块安装板与同侧支撑机构之间，其包括垂直设置的一连接板和一支撑板，所述连接板径向贴合所述支撑机构和所述模块安装板设置，且连接板与所述支撑机构、所述模块安装板分别紧固连接以实现支撑机构与模块安装板之间的固定，所述支撑板为一圆环板，所述支撑板与所述模块安装板上的一圆环对应轴向套设连接以使得所述笼式框架机构围绕所述支撑板摩擦旋转。
所述模块安装板的内环径向切面为圆形，所述支撑板的直径对应所述模块安装板的内径设置，从而所述模块安装板内壁所在面与所述支撑板外壁所在面套设连接以带动笼式框架结构围绕所述支撑板的外侧面旋转。或，所述模块安装板为圆环结构，所述支撑板的内径对应所述模块安装板的外径设置，从而所述模块安装板外壁所在面与所述支撑板内壁所在面套设连接以带动所述笼式框架结构在所述支撑板的内侧面旋转。或，所述模块安装板的侧面设有一圆环形凹槽，所述支撑板的尺寸对应所述圆环形凹槽的尺寸设置，从而所述支撑板嵌合在所述环形凹槽内以带动所述笼式框架结构转动。
进一步的，所述支撑板与所述模块安装板相接触的面材质不同设置。
进一步的，所述支撑板与所述模块安装板相接触的面处设有滚动轴承或滚珠。
优选的，所述两组模块安装板的间距、所述挂架的长度不小于d*n设置，其中d为待安装探测器单元的长度，n为待安装探测器单元的数量。
作为一优选方案，所述限位机构与所述支撑机构结构相同设置，包括一背板支架，所述扫描机架包括两组主动件，每侧的模块安装板与背板支架之间设置一组主动件；或，所述笼式框架机构为圆柱体状，所述限位机构设置在所述笼式框架机构的下方，限位机构与所述笼 式框架机构相接触的面为弧形面以支撑并轴向限位所述笼式框架机构。
优选的，所述连接板与所述背板支架之间、所述连接板与所述模块安装板之间分别对应开设多个螺孔，所述连接板经由螺钉与所述背板支架、模块安装板分别固定连接。
优选的，所述扫描机架还包括一底座，所述位机构与所述支撑机构分别与所述底座紧固连接。
所述挂架包括用于悬挂所述探测器单元的连接杆以及位于所述连接杆两端的连接耳板，所述两组模块安装板对应所述连接杆设有多个卡槽，所述连接杆经由所述卡槽轴向架设于所述两组模块安装板上，每侧的连接耳板分别与同侧的模块安装板和连接杆紧固连接。
优选的，所述连接耳板与所述的模块安装板和连接杆经由螺钉固定连接。
优选的，所述每个卡槽相对于径向倾斜设置，倾斜角度为360°/N，其中，N为一探测器环所能容纳的探测器单元的最大数量。
优选的，所述挂架的数量为偶数个，多组挂架在所述模块安装板的外边缘上均匀对称分布。
优选的，所述挂架上还设有多组用于容置探测器ID单元的凹槽，所述凹槽设置于所述每组探测器单元的上方，数量对应探测器单元的数量设置，所述ID单元固定在所述凹槽中，且每个ID单元与对应的探测器单元通信连接。
所述旋转式扫描机架还包括一前端支持板，所述前端支持板平行所述挂架设置，前端支持板的两端固定在两组模块安装板上，且所述前端支持板与同一挂架上固定的每组探测器单元的底部紧固连接且以对所述多组探测器单元的底部限位。
所述旋转式扫描机架对应所述前端支持板设置了两组前端支持搁板，所述每组前端支撑搁板平行径向设置，分别固定在同侧模块安装板的内侧，且前端支撑搁板的外边缘对应所述每个前端支撑板设有多个搁槽。
优选的，所述搁槽为开口的宽度径向向内逐渐递减。
所述模块化的探测器单元包括一探测器模块以及用于容置所述探测器模块的壳体，所述探测器模块固定于所述壳体中，所述每一壳体的顶部与所述挂架紧固连接。
优选的，所述每组壳体包括一用于固定探测器模块的底板以及围绕所述探测器模块设置的三组固定板，所述底板与所述三组固定板依次固定连接以组成放置所述探测器模块的容置空间，所述底板的顶部与所述挂架紧固连接，所述底板的底部与前端支持板固定相连。
优选的，所述底板为铝制板件。
优选的，所述容置空间为切面面积沿径向向内逐渐递减的四棱台结构。
优选的，所述四棱台结构的底板平行径向设置以作为基准定位面。
优选的，所述四棱台结构的顶角角度不大于360°/N设置。
所述探测器模块包括前端电子组件以及晶体组件，所述前端电子组件设置于所述壳体的 内部，所述晶体组件设置于所述壳体外部，所述前端电子组件与所述晶体组件经由柔性连接线通信连接。
优选的，所述晶体组件包括至少一组晶体以及一安装挂件，所述安装挂件一端与多组晶体分别插接连接、另一端与所述对应壳体紧固连接以使得所述晶体组件固定在所述壳体上。
一种PET设备，包括如前所述的扫描机构，便于PET探测器单元的安装与拆卸。
由于采用上述方案，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明所示的旋转式扫描机架，笼式框架机构自身通过位于两端的背板支架和限位机构固定，从而悬空设置且轴向限位以用于安装模块化的探测器单元，同时，在背板支架和同侧的模块安装板之间设置一主动件，主动件包括平行径向设置的连接板以及平行于轴向设置的圆环形支撑板，连接板和支撑板垂直设置，其中，连接板分别与同侧的背板支架和笼式框架机构的模块安装板固定连接，支撑板垂直模块安装板设置，且整个圆环形支撑板套设在模块安装板上对应的一个圆环面上，通过两个圆环之间的轴向套设配合，从而模块安装板可以围绕支撑板摩擦旋转。在进行探测器单元的安装或拆卸时，维持连接板和背板支架固定连接不变，松动连接板和模块安装板之间的固定连接，然后推动整个笼式框架结构，即可以使得笼式框架结构在支撑板上旋转，这样操作人员可根据自身的需要选择合适的固定操作点进行操作，有效的提高了安装效率。
此外，旋转式扫描机架还包括一前端支持板以及与其对应的前端支撑搁板，前端支持板设置在用于安装探测器单元的壳体底部，平行于挂架-设置，其与一挂架上悬挂的所有壳体的底部紧固连接以对所述多组壳体底部限位，使得探测器单元的内端能够得到固定，而避免出现前后左右晃动的情况导致的晶体定位不准，前端支撑搁板设置在同侧模块安装板的内部，前端支撑搁板的外边缘对应每组前端支撑板设有卡槽以实现对前端支撑板端口的固定，这样设置提高了每个探测器单元的安装连接可靠性，不会引起其内端晶体的翘曲变形。
使用与上述旋转式扫描机架相配合的探测器单元结构，在确定某一个或多个PET探测器单元发生故障时，只需要更换发生故障的PET探测器单元即可。其包括一探测器模块以及用于容置探测器模块的壳体，所述探测器模块固定于所述壳体中，壳体径向悬挂在挂架上，壳体的上部与挂架紧固连接，且壳体之间相互毗邻设置，每组壳体用于容置一组探测器模块，以得探测器模块呈环状排列的安装在模块安装板上，形成一组或多组探测器环。当判断某个探测器模块发生故障，需要更换或者维修时，将发生故障探测器模块所在的挂架从模块安装板上拆卸下来，然后取出挂架，与挂架紧固连接的壳体以及容置在壳体中的探测器模块也随之取出，然后在将发生故障的探测器模块从壳体中取出，即可进行维修或者更换，或者直接将发松动发生故障的壳体与挂架直接的连接，径向取出壳体，然后在将故障的探测器模块从壳体中取出即可。
同时，每组壳体只安装探测器模块的前端电路组件，晶体组件设置在壳体外部，前端电 路组件与晶体之间经由柔性连接线通信连接，晶体组件通过安装挂件与壳体下部紧固连接，这样当探测器模块中只是电路或者晶体发送故障时，只用更换发生相应的电路或晶体即可，降低了维修的成本与难度。
本发明所示的PET设备，由于采用了上述扫描机架结构，可更为便利的进行PET探测器单元的安装、拆卸与维修。
附图说明
图1为安装若干组探测器单元的PET设备的扫描机构的结构示意图；
图2为安装一组探测器单元的PET设备的扫描机构的正视图；
图3为图2所示实施例的侧视图；
图4为图2所示实施例的结构示意图；
图5为图4所示扫描机构结构示意图中I处的放大图；
图6为图4所示扫描机构结构示意图中II处的放大图；
图7为图1所示实施例中旋转式扫描机架的结构示意图；
图8为图7所示的旋转式扫描机架的正视图；
图9为图8所示的旋转式扫描机架的A-A向视图；
图10为图9所示的旋转式扫描机架的中III处的放大图；
图11为图9所示的旋转式扫描机架的中IV处的放大图；
图12为图9所示扫描机构中主动件的结构示意图；
图13为图1所示实施例中挂架与壳体的连接结构的正视图；
图14为图13所示挂架与壳体的连接结构的立体示意图；
图15为图13所示挂架与壳体的连接结构的侧视图；
其中：旋转式扫描机架100、底座110、支撑机构120、背板支架121、主动件170、连接板171、支撑板172、笼式框架机构130、模块安装板131、卡槽131-1、挂架132、连接杆132-1、连接耳板132-2、凹槽132-3、前端支撑板140、ID单元150、前端支撑搁板160、搁槽161、探测器单元200、晶体组件212、晶体212-1、安装挂件212-2、壳体220、底板221。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图所示实施例对本发明作进一步的说明。
如图1至图15所示，本发明公开了一种PET设备的扫描机构，包括旋转式扫描机架100，安装在旋转式扫描机架100上的多组模块化设置的探测器单元200，旋转式扫描机架100的笼式框架机构可围绕扫描机构的轴向旋转，探测器单元200环形安装在笼式框架机构中，每组探测器单元均为现场可拆卸结构，通过两者的配合，可方便快速的实现PET设备中探测器 的安装与维修。
如图5至图12所示，旋转式扫描机架100包括底座110、固定在底座110上相对设置的一支撑机构120、一限位机构、固定在支撑机构120和限位机构之间用于安装多组探测器单元200的笼式框架机构130。
具体而言，如图8、9、10所示，笼式框架机构130包括相对设置的两组模块安装板131以及多组挂架132，两组模块安装板131为环状结构，二者相对设置以形成供于PET床体进出的通道，环板面上对应探测器单元200的安装位置与形状设有多个开口以方便散热，其中一组模块安装板131与同侧的支撑机构120紧固连接，另一组模块安装板131与同侧的限位机构固定连接从而笼式框架机构130整体可有效的固定在支撑机构120上且轴向不发生位移。
作为一优选方案，限位机构与支撑机构结构相同设置，均包括一背板支架121，两个背板支121架分别与笼式框架机构130紧固连接以对笼式框架机构130支撑并轴向限位，若设置两组支撑机构120时，则两组支撑机构120分别经由螺柱固定在底座110上，笼式框架机构130的两端即两块模块安装板分别毗邻一背板支架121设置并与同侧的背板支架121紧固连接。背板支架121的底部又与底座110紧固连接，图示实施例中为螺钉固定连接以使得背板支架作为整个机架的基础，为了增强背板支架121的承重能力，故在背板支架下方还增设多组加强筋，多组加强筋均匀分布，底部固定在底座110上，侧部与背板支架固定连接。对应的，主动件170也设置两组，分别位于背板支架121和模块安装包131之间。
以下对同侧的背板支架121、主动件170和模块安装板的连接关系进行详细说明。
如图9至图12所示，在一侧的模块安装板和背板支架121之间设置一主动件170，每组主动件170设置于同侧的背板支架121与模块安装板131之间，其包括一连接板171和一支撑板172，连接板171和一支撑板172垂直设置，连接板171径向贴合同侧的背板支架121和模块安装板131设置，背板支架121与模块安装板131经由连接板171紧固连接以实现同侧支撑机构120与模块安装板131之间的固定。支撑板172为平行于轴向设置的一圆环板，其用于与支撑笼式框架结构圆环形套设连接，以使得笼式框架机构130可在两组支撑板172上旋转。
作为一优选方案，如图9所示，模块安装板的内环径向切面为圆状，主动件170为一垂直设置的L型圆环板。连接板172的两侧分别径向贴合背板支架121和模块安装板131设置，且连接板172与背板支架121、模块安装板131分别紧固连接以实现同侧支撑机构200与模块安装板320之间的紧邻固定，从而笼式框架结构整体能够有效的固定在两组组支撑机构120之间。在其中一实施例中，如图7至图11所示，连接板172上开设多个第一类螺孔和多个第二类螺孔，背板支架121、模块安装板131分别对应第一类螺孔和第二类螺孔也设置多个螺孔，连接板172经由螺钉与背板支架121、模块安装板131分别固定连接。考虑到当探测器模块全部安装到笼式框架机构130时，整个结构负载较大，为了使得扫描机架结构更稳定， 应力分布均匀，故连接板172上的第一类螺孔和多个第二类螺孔间隔均匀分布。如前所述，支撑板172为平行于轴向设置的一圆环板，其外径的尺寸对应模块安装板131的内径设置，从而所述模块安装板内壁所在面与所述支撑板外壁所在面套设连接，即连接板172套设在模块安装板132中，从而可带动笼式框架结构围绕所述支撑板的外壁旋转；此外模块安装板131搁置在支撑板172上还可以对整个笼式框架机构130进行辅助支撑。由于PET设备在使用过程中并不需要经常维修，为了防止长期不操作，在重力的作用下导致模块安装板131与支撑板172发生粘连融合的情况，同时为了减小旋转时的摩擦力，故二者的接触面或者整体材质不同设置，同时减少转动的摩擦力，在二者的接触面上还可根据具体情况设置一些滚珠或者滚轴以减少转动时的阻力。这样设置，对模块安装板131的外形无具体要求，即笼式框架机构可为图示的圆环形，也可整体为方形或者长方形等形状。
作为一优选方案，模块安装板131为圆环结构，主动件170为一垂直设置的倒L型圆环板，包括连接板171和支撑板172，连接板171与背板支架121和模块安装板131的连接关系如前所述，此处不再赘述，支撑板172的内径对应所述模块安装板的外径设置，从而所述模块安装板外壁所在面与所述支撑板内壁所在面套设连接，即模块安装板套设在支撑板172内，从而笼式框架结构整体可以在支撑板172的内侧面旋转，
作为一优选方案，模块安装板临近背板安装板的侧面上设有一圆环形凹槽，主动件170为一垂直设置的T型圆环板，连接板172设置在背板支架121和模块安装板131之间且与二者分别固定连接，支撑板172的尺寸对应该圆环形凹槽的尺寸设置，从而所述圆环板嵌合在所述环形凹槽内，这样笼式框架机构整体也可转动。
此外，当只设置一组支撑机构时，则主动件170对应设置一组，位于同侧的背板支架121与模块安装板131之间，圆环板垂直于所示模块安装板所在平面设置，模块安装板上的一圆环面与所述支撑板所在环面对应套设连接以使得所述笼式框架机构沿所述支撑板的环面摩擦旋转，所述限位机构用于配合背板支架121对笼式框架机构轴向限位，以防止笼式框架机构130在旋转的过程中从主动件170上脱落。其中一实施例中，笼式框架机构130为圆环结构，限位机构设置在所述笼式框架机构130的侧下方，限位机构与所述笼式框架机构相接触的面为弧形面，且弧形面的曲率与同侧模块安装板131的曲率相同设置以支撑并轴向限位所述笼式框架机构，从而笼式框架机构130能够被支撑且转动。
使用本发明所示的PET设备的旋转式扫描机架100时，在进行PET探测器单元200的安装时，维持两组连接板171和两组背板支架121之间的螺柱紧固连接状态，然后松动两组模块安装板131和两组连接板171之间的螺柱，由于两组模块安装板131分别搁置在两组支撑板172上，二者皆为圆环且接触面采用的不同材质，故当推动整个笼式框架机构130时，笼式框架机构130整体可在两组支撑板172上旋转，这样，操作人员可选择最合适自己的位置通过旋转笼式机构130，将需要安装探测器单位的位置转到至自己面前进行操作。同理，在 进行PET探测器单元200故障的确诊与维修时，不需要将PET设备的整体机壳拆卸下来，而只需要拆卸机壳的部分形成一合适的操作窗口，然后通过转动笼式框架结构120，以进行PET探测器单元200的确诊与维修。
多组挂架132分别平行于轴向设置，每组挂架132均轴向架设于两组模块安装板131的外边沿上，挂架132的两端分别与两组模块安装板131紧固连接，且每组挂架132上径向紧固连接至少一探测器单元200，探测器单元200之间相互毗邻设置。
如图6所示，挂架132包括用于安装探测器单元200的连接杆132-1以及位于连接杆132-1两端的连接耳板132-2，两组模块安装板131的外边沿上对应连接杆132-1设有多个卡槽131-1，从而连接杆132-1可经由一对卡槽131-1轴向架设在两组模块安装板131上，同侧的模块安装板131和连接杆132-1之间经由一组连接耳板132-2固定连接以实现挂架132整体在模块安装板131上的固定。本实施例中，挂架132为分体式结构，连接耳板132-2、连接杆132-1经由螺柱固定连接，这样在有效保障连接强度的同时，相对一体式结构而言降低加工难度与成本，连接耳板132-2设置在每组模块安装板131的外部，以为探测器单元200的安装提供更多空间。
此外，如图2所示，为了尽量利用空间，在一组探测器环中竟可能多的安装多个探测器单元200，本发明所示的模块安装板131中每个卡槽131-1相对于径向倾斜设置，倾斜角度为360°/N，N为一圈探测器器环中，所能容纳的探测器单元的最大数量。
同时，如图13所示，每组挂架132上还设有多组用于容置探测器ID单元150的凹槽132-3，凹槽132-3设置于每组探测器单元200的上方，数量对应探测器单元200的数量设置。由于一台PET设备中，探测器单元200数量众多，若工作过程中，某一个或多个探测器单元200发生故障时，其确诊与排除十分困难，本发明所示的旋转式扫描机架100，在挂架132上对应其悬挂固定的探测器单元200数量设置用于多组容置探测器ID单元150的凹槽132-3，ID单元150固定在凹槽内，每个ID单元150通过线路与对应的一组探测器单元200通信连接，当某一组探测器单元200发生故障时，通过ID单元150即可及时确定发生故障的探测器单元200的位置。
在其中一实施例中，用于安装固定探测器单元200的挂架132设置偶数组，且多组挂架132在模块安装板131的外边缘上均匀对称分布。由于目前在进行PET成像时，是基于成对的符合事件实现的，故当挂架132在模块安装板131上均匀分布时，径向悬挂在挂架132上探测器单元200也形成一圈均匀对称分布的探测器环，能够更为准确的进行PET图像的重建工作。
上述旋转式扫描机架100中，两组模块安装板131的间距、挂架132的长度不小于d*n设置，其中d为待安装探测器单元200的长度，n为待安装探测器单元200的数量。PET设备中，探测器单元200数量越多，PET成像的准确度也就越大，同时，探测器单元200的数量 越多，PET设备的成本也就越高。本发明所示的PET设备的旋转式扫描机架100，可根据使用者的需求，在笼式机构中架设一圈以上的PET探测器环以用于图像的重建；当需要进行升级时，由于模块安装板131的间距、挂架132的长度不小于d*n设置，为新的探测器环的安装预留了空间，故只需要在笼式框架结构中继续增设新的探测器单元200形成新的探测器环即可，不会造成原有设备的浪费，升级也更为方便。图中所示的实施例中，平衡成本与效率后，共设置了4组壳体100，即能够形成4组探测器环。
如图5所示，本发明所示的旋转式扫描机架100还包括一前端支撑板140，前端支撑板140设置在探测器单元200的底部，其与固定在同一挂架132上的所有探测器单元200的底部固定连接且平行挂架132设置以对该组挂架132上的探测器单元200的底部进行限位。从而可对每个探测器单元200的内端进行固定，提高了探测器单元200的连接可靠性，尽量避免晶体212-1的翘变形。由于探测器单元200底部所处的空间很小，为了实现前端支撑板140的两端在两组模块安装板131上的固定，故旋转式扫描机架100对应前端支撑板140还设置了两个前端支撑搁板160，每个前端支撑搁板160设置在同侧模块安装板131的内侧，且与模块安装板131固定连接，前端支撑搁板160为一环形的搁板，环形搁板上对应各个前端支撑板140两端设置搁槽161，使得前端支撑板140的两端能够卡接在环形搁板上，以对前端支撑板140进行固定，最终实现探测器单元200的底部限位，整个探测器单元200在旋转式扫描机架100上的安装稳定性高，可有效的防止晶体212-1移位导致图像重建精确性降低情况的发生。作为一优选实施，前端支撑搁板160外边缘上搁槽161的开口宽度径向向内逐渐递减，这样在进行探测器单元200的安装时，虽然内部的安装空间狭窄，但是固定在探测器单元200底部的前端支撑板140仍然能够方便迅速的插接固定在到前端支撑搁板160上。
同时，如图13至图15所示，本发明所示的PET设备的扫描机构中，探测器单元200为一个可现场拆卸与安装的结构，其包括一探测器模块以及用于容置探测器模块的壳体220，其中，探测器模块包括前端电子组件以及晶体组件212，探测器模块固定于壳体220中，每一壳体220的顶部与挂架132紧固连接，每个壳体220的底部与前端支撑板140固定连接。
采用发明所示的探测器单元200，安装时，首先将探测器模块固定在壳体220内，然后在将装有探测器模块的壳体220固定在挂架132上，最后将挂架132的两端与PET设备的模块安装板131固定连接，即可实现探测器单元200的安装；当进行维修需要拆卸时，按照与前相反的步骤，将发生故障的探测器模块所在的挂架132从模块安装板131上拆卸下来，然后在从该挂架132上取下发生故障的探测器模块所在的壳体220，即可进行后续发生故障的探测器模块的维修或更换。
考虑到探测器模块是由前端电子组件以及晶体组件212组成的，为了进一步的提高维修的便利性，在其中一实施例中，如图1和图2所示，每组探测器模块中，只将结构复杂的前端电子组件设置在壳体220的内部，结构简单的晶体组件212位于壳体220的外部，晶体组 件212包括晶体212-1以及一安装挂件212-2，晶体组件212与壳体220(具体指壳体220的底部)之间经由一个安装挂件212-2可拆卸连接，优选是螺栓或螺柱连接，晶体组件212(即晶体212-1)与前端电路单元之间经由柔性连接线通信连接，这样，若只是晶体组件212发生故障时，只需要将安装挂件212-2可从壳体220的底部拆卸下来，保持前端电路单元以及壳体220结构不变，既可节约成本，也更于方便维修。
作为一优选的实施例，每组壳体220包括一用于固定探测器模块的底板221以及围绕探测器模块设置的三组固定板，底板221与三组固定板依次固定连接以组成放置探测器模块的容置空间，底板221的顶部与挂架132紧固连接；这样设置，在进行探测器模块的安装时，可预先将前端电子组件固定在底板221上后，再安装固定安装他三组固定板，以为结构复杂的前端电子组件的安装提供足够多的操作空间。
进一步的，上述底板221与三组固定板所组成的容置空间为切面面积沿径向向内逐渐递减的四棱台结构，一般的探测器环均为环形结构，为了充分利用空间，故将用于安装探测器单元200的容置空间设置成沿径向向内逐渐递减的四棱台结构。此外，四棱台结构的底板221平行径向设置以作为基准定位面，这样能够使得探测器单元200的晶体212-1中心尽量平行于轴向，使得图像重建的精确度更高。同时，为了最为充分的利用其内部空间，尽量多的插入更多的探测器单元200，四棱台结构的顶角角度不大于360°/N设置。
本发明还公开了一种PET设备，包括如前所述的扫描机构，在进行PET设备的探测器单元安装、故障诊断、维修过程及升级中，可通过转动安装机架，将指定的探测器单元旋转至操作人员选择的合适操作点处，整个安装、维修过程十分方便，同时，探测器单元为模块化设置，每组PET探测器单元都是现场可拆卸的结构，当探测器单元故障发生时，只需要更换发生故障的PET探测器单元即可。
上述的对实施例的描述是为便于该技术领域的普通技术员能理解和使用本发明。熟悉本领域技术的人员显然可以容易地对这些实施例做出各种修改，并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此，本发明不限于上述实施例，本领域技术人员根据本发明的揭示，不脱离本发明范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种PET设备的扫描机构，其特征在于：包括旋转式扫描机架，安装在所述旋转式扫描机架上的多组模块化设置的探测器单元；
    所述旋转式扫描机架包括相对设置的一支撑机构、一限位机构、固定在所述支撑机构与限位机构之间用于安装所述多组探测器单元的笼式框架机构以及一主动件；
    所述笼式框架机构包括相对设置的两组模块安装板以及多组挂架，所述两组模块安装板为环状结构，一组模块安装板与同侧的支撑机构紧固连接、另一组模块安装板与同侧的限位机构紧固连接以支撑整个笼式框架机构并对所述笼式框架机构轴向限位；所述多组挂架轴向架设于所述两组模块安装板的外边沿上，每组挂架的两端分别与所述两组模块安装板紧固连接，每组挂架上径向紧固连接至少一探测器单元，所述探测器单元之间相互毗邻设置；
    所述主动件设置在所述模块安装板与同侧支撑机构之间，其包括垂直设置的一连接板和一支撑板，所述连接板径向贴合所述支撑机构和所述模块安装板设置，且连接板与所述支撑机构、所述模块安装板分别紧固连接以实现支撑机构与模块安装板之间的固定，所述支撑板为一圆环板，所述支撑板与所述模块安装板上的一圆环对应轴向套设连接以使得所述笼式框架机构围绕所述支撑板摩擦旋转。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的PET设备的扫描机构，其特征在于：所述模块安装板的内环径向切面为圆形，所述支撑板的直径对应所述模块安装板的内径设置，从而所述模块安装板内壁所在面与所述支撑板外壁所在面套设连接以带动笼式框架结构围绕所述支撑板的外侧面旋转；
    或，所述模块安装板为圆环结构，所述支撑板的内径对应所述模块安装板的外径设置，从而所述模块安装板外壁所在面与所述支撑板内壁所在面套设连接以带动所述笼式框架结构在所述支撑板的内侧面旋转；
    或，所述模块安装板的侧面设有一圆环形凹槽，所述支撑板的尺寸对应所述圆环形凹槽的尺寸设置，从而所述支撑板嵌合在所述环形凹槽内以带动所述笼式框架结构转动。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的PET设备的扫描机构，其特征在于：所述支撑板与所述模块安装板相接触的面材质不同设置；
    优选的，所述支撑板与所述模块安装板相接触的面处设有滚动轴承或滚珠；
    优选的，所述两组模块安装板的间距、所述挂架的长度不小于d*n设置，其中d为待安装探测器单元的长度，n为待安装探测器单元的数量。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的PET设备的扫描机构其特征在于：所述限位机构与所述支撑机构结构相同设置，包括一背板支架，所述扫描机架包括两组主动件，每侧的模块安装板与背板 支架之间设置一组主动件；
    或，所述笼式框架机构为圆柱体状，所述限位机构设置在所述笼式框架机构的下方，限位机构与所述笼式框架机构相接触的面为弧形面以支撑并轴向限位所述笼式框架机构；
    优选的，所述连接板与所述背板支架之间、所述连接板与所述模块安装板之间分别对应开设多个螺孔，所述连接板经由螺钉与所述背板支架、模块安装板分别固定连接；
    优选的，所述扫描机架还包括一底座，所述位机构与所述支撑机构分别与所述底座紧固连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的PET设备的扫描机构，其特征在于：所述挂架包括用于悬挂所述探测器单元的连接杆以及位于所述连接杆两端的连接耳板，所述两组模块安装板对应所述连接杆设有多个卡槽，所述连接杆经由所述卡槽轴向架设于所述两组模块安装板上，每侧的连接耳板分别与同侧的模块安装板和连接杆紧固连接；
    优选的，所述连接耳板与所述的模块安装板和连接杆经由螺钉固定连接；
    优选的，所述每个卡槽相对于径向倾斜设置，倾斜角度为360°/N，其中，N为一探测器环所能容纳的探测器单元的最大数量；
    优选的，所述挂架的数量为偶数个，多组挂架在所述模块安装板的外边缘上均匀对称分布；
    优选的，所述挂架上还设有多组用于容置探测器ID单元的凹槽，所述凹槽设置于所述每组探测器单元的上方，数量对应探测器单元的数量设置，所述ID单元固定在所述凹槽中，且每个ID单元与对应的探测器单元通信连接。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的PET设备的扫描机构，其特征在于：所述旋转式扫描机架还包括一前端支持板，所述前端支持板平行所述挂架设置，前端支持板的两端固定在两组模块安装板上，且所述前端支持板与同一挂架上固定的每组探测器单元的底部紧固连接且以对所述多组探测器单元的底部限位。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的PET设备的扫描机构，其特征在于：所述旋转式扫描机架对应所述前端支持板设置了两组前端支持搁板，所述每组前端支撑搁板平行径向设置，分别固定在同侧模块安装板的内侧，且前端支撑搁板的外边缘对应所述每个前端支撑板设有多个搁槽；
    优选的，所述搁槽为开口的宽度径向向内逐渐递减。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的PET设备的扫描机构，其特征在于：所述模块化的探测器单元包括一探测器模块以及用于容置所述探测器模块的壳体，所述探测器模块固定于所述壳体中，所述每一壳体的顶部与所述挂架紧固连接；
    优选的，所述每组壳体包括一用于固定探测器模块的底板以及围绕所述探测器模块设置的三组固定板，所述底板与所述三组固定板依次固定连接以组成放置所述探测器模块的容置空 间，所述底板的顶部与所述挂架紧固连接，所述底板的底部与前端支持板固定相连；
    优选的，所述底板为铝制板件；
    优选的，所述容置空间为切面面积沿径向向内逐渐递减的四棱台结构；
    优选的，所述四棱台结构的底板平行径向设置以作为基准定位面；
    优选的，所述四棱台结构的顶角角度不大于360°/N设置。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的PET设备的扫描机构，其特征在于：所述探测器模块包括前端电子组件以及晶体组件，所述前端电子组件设置于所述壳体的内部，所述晶体组件设置于所述壳体外部，所述前端电子组件与所述晶体组件经由柔性连接线通信连接；
    优选的，所述晶体组件包括至少一组晶体以及一安装挂件，所述安装挂件一端与多组晶体分别插接连接、另一端与所述对应壳体紧固连接以使得所述晶体组件固定在所述壳体上。
  10. 一种PET设备，包括一扫描机构，其特征在于：所述扫描机构为如权利要求1至9任一项所述的扫描机构。
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