WO2016172834A1 - 一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统 - Google Patents

一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统 Download PDF

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WO2016172834A1
WO2016172834A1 PCT/CN2015/077616 CN2015077616W WO2016172834A1 WO 2016172834 A1 WO2016172834 A1 WO 2016172834A1 CN 2015077616 W CN2015077616 W CN 2015077616W WO 2016172834 A1 WO2016172834 A1 WO 2016172834A1
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asian
bed
acousto
fish
sound
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PCT/CN2015/077616
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English (en)
French (fr)
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罗康隆
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罗康隆
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K99/00—Methods or apparatus for fishing not provided for in groups A01K69/00 - A01K97/00

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  • the invention relates to an ecological ethnological application technology for controlling biological pollution, and relates to the field of fishing technology, in particular to a system for capturing Asian catfish.
  • Asian carp including herring, squid, squid, grass carp, and squid
  • Native fish species and related aquatic animals and plants constitute a threat to survival, destroying the safety of local aquatic ecosystems and causing enormous economic losses in local fishery production.
  • US President Barack Obama had to make a resolution to allocate $17 billion in huge sums of money to deal with the Asian invasion of North American freshwater waters.
  • the relevant coping techniques are still limited to the use of traditional fishing gear in North America, such as trawling, purse seine, hooks, fishing guns and so on.
  • these techniques fail to accurately cut the biological habits of the carp species, and the accuracy of the killing is not high. When the killing is carried out, the fish species that need to be protected will be accidentally injured. If chemical means are used, its ecological side effects are greater.
  • the traditional fishing device has been used to enhance the capture efficiency by using trapping means, using light, electricity, sound to drive or setting up fishing rods, etc., so that the fish population is dense.
  • similar techniques are difficult to make an accurate distinction between the size of the fish and the size of the fish.
  • it is impossible to achieve the goal of clearing the ecological management of specific fish species.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art mentioned above, and to provide a biological habit of skillfully utilizing the carp species, and to cut the survival weakness of the carp species, and precisely to kill the Asian carp species. system.
  • the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a system for capturing Asian catfish, including a tugboat, an acousto-optic generator disposed at the stern, and controlled by sound and light controllers to emit sound and emit light.
  • a floating fishing bed is disposed at the rear of the tugboat, and the tugboat is connected by a traction cable, and the front of the floating fishing bed is provided with a sound barrier device for reflecting the sound and light emitted by the sound and light generator;
  • the stern acousto-optic generator simulates the sound and light that stimulates the different species of the Asian genus in the nature, stimulates the Asian squid in the water to jump out of the water, and in the condition of the floating fish bed cooperating with the movement, Naturally falls onto the floating fish bed to capture.
  • a squid receiving conveyor connected to the squid processing vessel for transporting the captured squid to the squid processing vessel.
  • the floating fish bed comprises a bed body, and a snorkeling lifting device disposed on the left and right sides of the bed body, wherein the bed body is provided with a fixed protection grille on both sides of the snorkeling lifting device, and the front and rear sides are respectively provided
  • the multi-array block fish fence ; the middle part of the bed body is provided with a bottom plate which can be opened and closed, and the bed body around the bottom plate is respectively provided with a sliding plate groove.
  • the height of the multi-array block fence is increased from the inside to the outside, and the density of the rails in the fence is sequentially decreased, and the height and inclination angle of each fence are controlled by rotating lifting devices disposed at both ends.
  • the snorkeling lifting device comprises a high pressure air pump disposed above the bed, a high pressure gas cabinet and a buoy at the bottom of the bed.
  • the bed body is inclined from the two ends of the fixed fence to the center, and the inclination angle thereof is 5° to 15°.
  • the sound barrier device is a curtain structure, and the stone and the reflective metal sheet are suspended by the cord to simulate the underwater environment, and constitute a barrier for reflecting sound and light, thereby maximally stimulating Asia to jump out of the water surface.
  • the acousto-optic generator is a curved matrix structure, comprising an acousto-optic generating unit and a matrix frame connecting and supporting each unit, which emits noise and light in a focusing manner to face the sound barrier of the fish bed.
  • the front of the floating fish bed forms a stimulation zone that forces Asia to jump out of the water and fall into the fish bed.
  • the above system further comprises a squid processing vessel connected to the bottom of the floating fishing bed by a squid receiving transmission device for processing and storing the captured squid, thereby effectively improving the utilization efficiency of the floating fish bed and realizing the captured Asian cockroach.
  • the present invention has the following advantages:
  • the second is to catch Asian salmon in a targeted manner while fishing, without harming the native species of North America that need protection.
  • the present invention is intended to utilize the biological properties of the Asian carp species, artificially simulating sound and illumination, and enticing the Asian carp family to jump out of the water in order to capture in batches without injuring the North Americans who need protection.
  • Fish species in order to achieve a highly accurate and specific trapping, and achieve the ecological control effect of inhibiting biological invasion.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the working environment of the fishing system of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a floating fish bed of a fishing system of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of the sound and light generator of the fishing system of the present invention.
  • 100-squid processing vessel 200-squid receiving transmission device; 300-floating fish bed; 400-traction cable; 500-acoustic light generator; 600-trailer; 700-acoustic light controller; 800-acoustic barrier device; Fixed grille; 302-high pressure air pump; 303-high pressure gas cabinet; 304-floor plate; 305-high grid; 306-center grid; 307-low grid; 308-bed body; 309-skate plate; 310-buoy; Rotary lifting device; 501 - acousto-optic generating unit; 502 - matrix frame.
  • a system for capturing Asian catfish including a tugboat 600, an acousto-optic generator 500 disposed at the stern, is controlled by the acousto-optic controller 700 to vocalize and illuminate;
  • the fishing bed 300 is connected to the tugboat 600 through a traction cable 400.
  • the front of the floating fishing bed 300 is provided with an acoustic barrier device 800 for reflecting the sound and light emitted by the acousto-optic generator 500.
  • the bottom of the floating fishing bed 300 is provided with squid processing.
  • the squid receiving conveyor 200 connected to the vessel 100 is used to transport the captured squid to the squid processing vessel 100.
  • the stern acousto-optic generator 500 simulates the sound of the natural stimulating effect on different species of the Asian genus, and stimulates the Asian squid in the water to jump out of the water surface by means of conditioned reflexes, and the floating fish bed is driven by the tugboat 600.
  • the 300 is naturally dropped onto the floating fish bed 300 in the condition of movement, and the captured squid is finally transported to the squid processing vessel 100 by the squid receiving transmission device 200 for processing.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a system floating fish bed 300, including a bed body 308 whose both ends are inclined toward the center.
  • the bed body 308 is respectively provided with a fixed grill 301 on both sides, and the other sides are respectively provided with a low grid from the inside to the outside.
  • a high-pressure air pump 302 and a high-pressure gas cabinet 303 are installed under the fixed grill 301 for supplying air to the buoy 310 disposed at the bottom of the bed 308, thereby controlling the rise and dive of the fish bed.
  • the middle of the bed 308 is provided with an openable bottom plate 304 connected to the squid receiving transmission device 200.
  • a sliding groove 309 is respectively opened at the bed 308 around the bottom plate 304, and can be used for quickly emptying and accumulating river water when the fish bed rises and falls.
  • Both ends of the fish bar fence are provided with a rotating lifting device 311, which can adjust the height and angle of each fish bar fence according to the size of the catfish to be caught.
  • the innermost low-gate 307 railing is dense and short. It can be used upright when catching small fish. It can be laid down when catching big fish.
  • the second layer of middle gate 306, the railing is dense and high; the outer layer is high gate 305, the railing is the most But the highest, especially for fishing more than 50 kg of large fish.
  • the squid falling on the fence will naturally fall in the direction of the reverse water and fall into the fish bed due to the heavier head.
  • the sound barrier device 800 is disposed on the side of the tug fence 308 near the tugboat.
  • the sound barrier device 800 is a curtain structure.
  • the stone and the reflective metal sheet are suspended by the cord to simulate the underwater environment and constitute a reflected sound and light.
  • the barrier maximizes the stimulation of Asia's spurt out of the water.
  • a system acousto-optic generator 500 which is a curved matrix structure, including an acousto-optic generating unit 501 and a matrix frame 502 connected to support each unit, which emits noise in a focused manner to the sound barrier 800 of the fish bed.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)

Abstract

一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统，包括拖船（６００），设置于船尾的声光发生器（５００），并通过声光控制器（７００）对其进行控制发声和发光；一浮动渔床（３００）设于拖船（６００）后方，通过牵引缆绳（４００）连接拖船（６００），所述浮动渔床（３００）前部设有声障装置（８００），用于将声光发生器（５００）发出的声光进行反射；拖船（６００）行进过程中通过船尾声光发生器（５００）模拟大自然中对亚洲鲤科不同鱼种具有刺激作用的声响和光线，刺激水中亚洲鲤鱼，使其跃出水面，在浮动鱼床（３００）配合运动的状况下，自然落到浮动鱼床（３００）上，从而捕获。本系统利用亚洲鲤科鱼种的生物属性，人工模拟声响和光照，诱使亚洲鲤科各鱼种成群跃出水面，以便批量捕获，实现抑制生物入侵的生态治理功效。

Description

一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统 技术领域
本发明是一项控制生物污染的生态民族学应用技术，涉及捕鱼技术领域，特别是涉及一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统。
背景技术
随着全球化进程的加快，亚洲鲤包括青鱼、鲤鱼、鲢鱼、草鱼、鳙鱼被人类有意无意地携带到北美洲，并在密西西比河流域快速繁殖，形成庞大的生物种群，随即对当地的土生鱼种及相关的水生动植物构成了生存威胁，破坏了当地水生生态系统的安全，使当地的渔业生产造成了极大的经济损失。以至于2014年初，美国总统奥巴马不得不做出决议，划拨170亿美元的巨资去应对亚洲鲤对北美淡水水域的入侵。然而，时至今日，有关的应对技术仍局限于使用北美的传统渔具，如拖网，围网，钓钩，捕鱼炮等。但这些技术未能精准地切中鲤科鱼种的生物习性，捕杀的精准度不高，实施捕杀时会误伤当地需要保护的鱼种。如果采用化学手段，其生态副作用更大。
此前已有的传统捕鱼装置，为了提高捕获效率，实施诱捕手段，用光、电、声驱赶或者设置渔樵等等，使鱼群密集，从而达到提高捕获效率的作用。但是，类似的技术很难做到对鱼种和鱼体的大小做出准确的区别对待。仅止于提高经济效益，根本无法达到清除特定鱼种的生态治理目标。
同时，传统用网捕鱼有三大缺陷：一、用网捕鱼没有针对性，在捕捞过程中，同样会伤及到本土鱼种，达不到有效根除入侵鱼种的效果；二、渔网捕捞不仅难于区分大鱼与小鱼，而且还捞不干净，达不到生态保护的效果；三、渔网捕捞效果具有机遇性和地段性，并且还无法做到随河连续捕捞，难于实现地毯式清除。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的缺点和不足，提供一种巧妙地利用鲤科鱼种的生物习性，切中鲤科鱼种的生存弱点，精准做到专门捕杀亚洲各鲤科鱼种的系统。
为解决以上技术问题，本发明所采用的技术方案是：一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统，包括拖船，设置于船尾的声光发生器，并通过声光控制器对其进行控制发声和发光；一浮动渔床设于拖船后方，通过牵引缆绳连接拖船，所述浮动渔床前部设有声障装置，用于将声光发生器发出的声光进行反射；
拖船行进过程中通过船尾声光发生器模拟大自然中对亚洲鲤科不同鱼种具有刺激作用的声响和光线，刺激水中亚洲鲤鱼，使其跃出水面，在浮动鱼床配合运动的状况下，自然落到浮动鱼床上，从而捕获。
浮动渔床底部设有与鲤鱼加工船连接的鲤鱼接收传输装置，用于将捕获的鲤鱼传送至鲤鱼加工船上。
进一步的，所述浮动鱼床包括床体，设置于床体左右两侧的浮潜升降装置，所述床体设置浮潜升降装置两侧分别设有固定护栅，前后两侧则分别设有复数组挡鱼栏栅；所述床体中部设有可开合的底板，底板四周床体分别开有滑板槽。
进一步的，所述复数组挡鱼栏栅高度由里至外依次增加，栏栅内栏杆的密度则依次降低，通过设置于两端的旋转升降装置控制各个栏栅的高低和倾斜角度。
进一步的，所述浮潜升降装置包括设置于床体上方的高压气泵，高压气柜以及床体底部的浮筒。
进一步的，所述床体由固定护栅两端向中心倾斜，其倾斜角度为5°～15°。
进一步的，所述声障装置为帘式结构，通过帘线悬挂石子和反光金属片，模拟水下环境，构成反射声音和光线的屏障，最大限度的刺激亚洲鲤跃出水面。
进一步的，所述声光发生器，为弧形矩阵式结构，包括声光发生单元以及连接支撑各单元的矩阵架，其以聚焦的方式面对鱼床的声障装置发出噪声和光线，在浮动鱼床前部形成一个刺激区间，迫使该区域内亚洲鲤跃出水面，从而落入鱼床内。
进一步的，上述系统还包括鲤鱼加工船，通过鲤鱼接收传输装置与所述浮动渔床底部连接，用于将捕获的鲤鱼加工后储藏，有效提高浮动鱼床利用效率同时，实现被捕获的亚洲鲤的无害化处理，并回收部分生态治理费用，确保这一生态治理工程永续推进，直到最后完成。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下几大优点：
一是让亚洲鲤鱼自己提供动力，跃出水面，落到人造的浮动“陆地”上，而做到大批量的分等级捕鱼。
二是在捕捞时，能够针对性地捕杀亚洲鲤鱼，而不伤及需要保护的北美洲各土生鱼种。
三是不需要使用钓饵，也不需要维修网具，整套捕捞系统一经建成，就可以超长期服役。
本发明意在利用亚洲鲤科鱼种的生物属性，人工模拟声响和光照，诱使亚洲鲤科各鱼种成群跃出水面，以便批量捕获，而不至于伤及需要保护的北美洲各土生鱼种，以利于实现高度精准地专一性诱捕，而实现抑制生物入侵的生态治理功效。
附图说明
图1为本发明捕鱼系统的组成工作场景示意图；
图2为本发明捕鱼系统浮动鱼床的结构示意图；
图3为本发明捕鱼系统的声光发生器结构示意图。
在附图中：
100-鲤鱼加工船；200-鲤鱼接收传输装置；300-浮动鱼床；400-牵引缆绳；500-声光发生器；600-拖船；700-声光控制器；800-声障装置；301-固定护栅；302-高压气泵；303-高压气柜；304-底板；305-高栅；306-中栅；307-低栅；308-床体；309-滑板槽；310-浮筒；311-旋转升降装置；501-声光发生单元；502-矩阵架。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施方式作进一步描述。
参照附图1，本发明所描述的一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统，包括拖船600，设置于船尾的声光发生器500，并通过声光控制器700对其进行控制发声和发光；浮动渔床300通过牵引缆绳400连接拖船600，所述浮动渔床300前部设有声障装置800，用于将声光发生器500发出的声光进行反射；浮动渔床300底部设有与鲤鱼加工船100连接的鲤鱼接收传输装置200，用于将捕获的鲤鱼传送至鲤鱼加工船100上。
拖船600行进过程中通过船尾声光发生器500模拟大自然中对亚洲鲤科不同鱼种具有刺激作用的声响，刺激水中亚洲鲤鱼，使其凭借条件反射跃出水面，在拖船600带动浮动鱼床300配合移动的状况下，自然落到浮动鱼床300上，捕获的鲤鱼最终通过鲤鱼接收传输装置200传送至鲤鱼加工船100上进行加工。
图2为系统浮动鱼床300的结构示意图，包括两端向中心倾斜的床体308，所述床体308两侧分别设有固定护栅301，另外两侧由里至外分别设有低栅307、中栅306、高栅305三层挡鱼栏栅。
所述固定护栅301下安装有高压气泵302和高压气柜303，用于给设置在床体308底部的浮筒310供气，从而控制鱼床上升和下潜。
所述床体308中部设有可开合的底板304连接鲤鱼接收传输装置200。底板304四周床体308处分别开有滑板槽309，用于鱼床上升下降时能迅速排空和积聚河水。
所述挡鱼栏栅两端设有旋转升降装置311，可根据所要捕捞的鲤鱼大小调节各个挡鱼栏栅的高低和角度。最内一层低栅307栏杆密而矮，捕小鱼时竖立使用，捕捞大鱼时可放倒；第二层中栅306，栏杆较密而高；外层为高栅305，栏杆最疏但最高，专供捕捞50公斤以上大鱼使用。同时，通过旋转改变高中低各个栏栅角度，形成一个斜坡栏栅结构，掉在栏栅上的鲤鱼由于头部较重，会自然朝向逆水方向，落入鱼床中。
床体308挡鱼栏栅处靠近拖船一侧设有声障装置800，所述声障装置800为帘式结构，通过帘线悬挂石子和反光金属片，模拟水下环境，构成反射声音和光线的屏障，最大限度的刺激亚洲鲤跃出水面。
图3为系统声光发生器500，为弧形矩阵式结构，包括声光发生单元501以及连接支撑各单元的矩阵架502，其以聚焦的方式面对鱼床的声障装置800发出噪声和光线，迫使亚洲鲤跃出水面。
上述实施例阐明的内容应当理解为这些实施例仅用于更清楚地说明本发明，而不用于限制本发明的范围，在阅读了本发明之后，本领域技术人员对本发明的各种等价形式的修改均落于本申请所附权利要求所限定的范围。

Claims (8)

  1. 一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统，其特征在于，包括拖船(600)，设置于船尾的声光发生器(500)，并通过声光控制器(700)对其进行控制发声和发光；一浮动渔床(300)设于拖船(600)后方，通过牵引缆绳(400)连接拖船(600)，所述浮动渔床(300)前部设有声障装置(800)，用于将声光发生器(500)发出的声光进行反射；
    拖船(600)行进过程中通过船尾声光发生器(500)模拟大自然中对亚洲鲤科不同鱼种具有刺激作用的声响和光线，刺激水中亚洲鲤鱼，使其跃出水面，在浮动鱼床(300)配合运动的状况下，自然落到浮动鱼床(300)上，从而捕获。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统，其特征在于，所述浮动鱼床(300)包括床体(308)，设置于床体(308)左右两侧的浮潜升降装置，所述床体(308)设置浮潜升降装置两侧分别设有固定护栅(301)，前后两侧则分别设有复数组挡鱼栏栅；所述床体(308)中部设有可开合的底板(304)，底板(304)四周床体(308)分别开有滑板槽(309)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统，其特征在于，所述复数组挡鱼栏栅高度由里至外依次增加，栏栅内栏杆的密度则依次降低，通过设置于两端的旋转升降装置(311)控制各个栏栅的高低和倾斜角度。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统，其特征在于，所述浮潜升降装置包括设置于床体(308)上方的高压气泵(302)，高压气柜(303)以及床体(308)底部的浮筒(310)。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统，其特征在于，所述床体(308)由固定护栅(301)两端向中心倾斜，其倾斜角度为5°～15°。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统，其特征在于，所述声障装置(800)为帘式结构，通过帘线悬挂石子和反光金属片，模拟水下环境，构成反射声音和光线的屏障。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统，其特征在于，所述声光发生器(500)，为弧形矩阵式结构，包括声光发生单元(501)以及连接支撑各单元的矩阵架(502)。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7中任意一项所述的一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统，其特征在于，还包括鲤鱼加工船(100)，通过鲤鱼接收传输装置(200)与所述浮动渔床(300)底部连接，用于将捕获的鲤鱼传送至鲤鱼加工船(100)上。
PCT/CN2015/077616 2015-04-28 2015-04-28 一种用于捕获亚洲鲤鱼的系统 WO2016172834A1 (zh)

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