WO2016169330A1 - 一种复极盐水电解装置 - Google Patents

一种复极盐水电解装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016169330A1
WO2016169330A1 PCT/CN2016/074393 CN2016074393W WO2016169330A1 WO 2016169330 A1 WO2016169330 A1 WO 2016169330A1 CN 2016074393 W CN2016074393 W CN 2016074393W WO 2016169330 A1 WO2016169330 A1 WO 2016169330A1
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electrolysis
water inlet
water
water outlet
repolarization
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PCT/CN2016/074393
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English (en)
French (fr)
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王树岩
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王树岩
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25BELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B1/00Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
    • C25B1/01Products
    • C25B1/24Halogens or compounds thereof
    • C25B1/26Chlorine; Compounds thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25BELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features

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  • the invention relates to the technical field of brine electrolysis treatment, in particular to a repolarization brine electrolysis device.
  • sodium hypochlorite As a disinfectant, sodium hypochlorite is widely used in hospital sewage and various water disinfection fields.
  • Sodium hypochlorite generator has been in existence for decades, and its process technology is constantly updated and improved, but the structure of its core unit electrolyzer is not changed. Big.
  • the electrodes of the sodium chlorate generator electrolyzer are divided into two types: tube type and plate type. Most of them adopt the unipolar method, that is, the electrode in one electrolytic cell is divided into anode and cathode, all anodes are connected together, and all cathodes are connected together.
  • repolarization There is also a simple use of repolarization, that is, a plurality of intermediate electrodes are installed in parallel between the anode and the cathode which are installed in parallel, and these intermediate electrodes are not connected to the power source, and the surface facing the anode functions as a part of the cathode, facing the surface of the cathode.
  • the function of a part of the anode is a simple repolarization.
  • the repolarization is not separated in an electrolysis chamber.
  • the leakage rate of the current exceeds 50%, that is, more than 50% of the current will bypass the intermediate electrode. It acts as an electrolysis, which greatly reduces the current efficiency and generates a large amount of heat.
  • the present invention provides a bipolar brine electrolysis device capable of making the electrolysis device have a leakage current rate of less than 0.5%, an electrolysis efficiency that is doubled, and a simple structure of the device, and is suitable for constructing a large electrolysis device.
  • a repolarization brine electrolysis device comprising a power source and an electrolysis reactor, the electrolysis reactor comprising two symmetrically disposed electrode platens and a plurality of repolarization assemblies arranged in parallel between the two of the electrode platens, The electrode platen and the repolarization assembly are pressed together in close parallel by bolts, and The overlapping portion of the repolarization assembly forms a sealing structure by bonding or pressing, and the frame of the adjacent repolarization assembly is formed by pressing to form a plurality of independent electrolysis chambers, and the two ends of the electrolysis chamber are respectively provided with The water device and the water outlet device, a plurality of the outermost two of the repolarization assemblies are soldered with terminals, and the terminals are connected to the power source through a copper bar.
  • the repolarization assembly includes a frame and an electrode plate, and the frame and the electrode plate form a sealing structure by bonding or pressing, the frame is made of an insulating material, and the electrode plate is made of titanium plate or A titanium plate of the cathode is formed of a titanium mesh welded to the titanium plate and serving as an anode adjacent to the electrolysis chamber.
  • the water inlet device includes a water inlet tank connected to one end of the electrolysis chamber, and the other end of the water inlet tank is provided with a water inlet passage, and the water inlet passage is formed by overlapping and pressing a plurality of water inlet holes,
  • the water inlet channel is connected with an inlet pipe
  • the water outlet device comprises a water outlet connected to the other end of the electrolysis chamber, and the other end of the water outlet is provided with a water outlet channel, and the water outlet channel is formed by overlapping a plurality of water outlet holes.
  • the water outlet channel is connected with an outlet pipe, and the four walls of the water inlet and the water outlet are both insulating materials.
  • the water inlet device includes a water inlet joint connected to one end of the electrolysis chamber, and the other end of the water inlet joint is connected with a matching water inlet branch pipe, and the other end of the water inlet branch pipe is connected with water inlet a water outlet device comprising a water outlet joint connected to the other end of the electrolysis chamber, the other end of the water outlet joint is connected with a matching water outlet branch pipe, and the other end of the water outlet branch pipe is connected with a water outlet pipe, the water inlet pipe branch And the material of the outlet pipe is made of insulating material.
  • the invention has the beneficial effects that only the outermost repolarization component has a connection terminal, the middle repolarization component has no connection terminal, the transmission resistance of the electron on the electrode plate is almost zero, and the electrolysis chambers are separated by the frame, and the electrolyte can only Through the elongated inlet and outlet slots, the leakage current is less than 0.5%, and the current efficiency is higher.
  • the electrolysis device has a very compact structure and a small footprint, and is more suitable for manufacturing large equipment.
  • the size of a single bipolar electrolysis device that produces 150 kg of sodium hypochlorite per hour is 800 ⁇ 660 ⁇ 2200 mm.
  • the ordinary electrolysis unit of the same output requires 20 electrolyzers in series and covers an area of 25 square meters.
  • the electrode plate 4 is made of pure titanium plate, which has excellent corrosion resistance, and the frame material can completely withstand salt water and time. Corrosion of sodium chlorate, the anode coating has low chlorine potential, saves electricity and has a long service life.
  • the electrolysis device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient assembly and maintenance, and can save a large number of copper bars and connecting pipes, and the overall cost is lower.
  • the cell does not require cooling.
  • the salt consumption can be reduced by 40% and the operating cost is lower under the same power consumption.
  • the electrolysis device is used for electrolyzing salt water having a salt content of 1%, and can produce a sodium hypochlorite solution having an effective chlorine content of 5 g/liter; for electrolyzing salt water having a salt content of 2.5%, an effective chlorine content of 8 can be produced.
  • a gram per liter sodium hypochlorite solution used to electrolyze seawater to produce a disinfectant having an effective chlorine content of 2 to 4 grams per liter.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a bipolar brine electrolysis device according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a front elevational view of a repolarization assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a repolarization assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a front elevational view of a bezel according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a bezel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a front elevational view of an electrode plate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a second front view of a repolarization assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a second cross-sectional view of a repolarization assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a second front view of a bezel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 is a cross-sectional view of the bezel according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a front elevational view of an electrode plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 is a third elevational view of a repolarization assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 is a third cross-sectional view of a repolarization assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 is a third elevational view of the bezel according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view of the frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 16 is a front elevational view of the electrode plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 17 is a schematic structural view of a bipolar brine electrolysis device not including a power source according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 18 is a fourth elevational view of a repolarization assembly in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 19 is a cross-sectional view of a repolarization assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 20 is a front elevational view of a frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 21 is a cross-sectional view of a frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 22 is a front elevational view of an electrode plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • 23 is a front elevational view of an electrode plate welded with a titanium mesh according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • Figure 24 is a cross-sectional view of an electrode plate welded with a titanium mesh according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a bipolar brine electrolysis apparatus includes a power source 1 and an electrolytic reactor, and the electrolysis reactor includes two symmetrically disposed electrode platens 5 and is uniformly disposed in parallel. a plurality of repolarization assemblies 4 between the two electrode platens 5, the electrode platens 5 and the repolarization assembly 4 are pressed together in close parallel by bolts 6, and the overlap of the repolarization assemblies 16 is formed by bonding or pressing to form a sealing structure, and the frame 8 adjacent to the repolarization assembly 4 is extruded A plurality of independent electrolysis chambers 11 are provided, and two ends of the electrolysis chamber 11 are respectively provided with a water inlet device and a water outlet device, and a plurality of the outermost two of the plurality of repolarization assemblies 4 are soldered with a terminal 3, the wiring The terminal 3 is connected to the power source 1 through a copper bus 2.
  • the electrode platen 5 is made of a steel plate and is coated with an insulating material for insulation and corrosion protection.
  • the counter electrode assembly 4 is composed of an electrode plate 7 and a frame 8 made of pure titanium.
  • the front surface can be coated with an active metal oxide coating for reducing the electrolytic potential, and the back surface is not coated or electroplated with a metal having a low hydrogen evolution potential.
  • the frame 8 is made of an insulating material, which may be rubber or a composite material, which is electrically insulated and evenly separates and seals the electrode plate 7; the electrode platen 5 sequentially passes all the repolarization components 4 through the bolts 6.
  • the electrolyte and the generated hydrogen flow out through the outlets 14 and enter the outlet passage 15, and finally
  • the outlet pipe 18 flows out of the electrolysis device; the outermost two repolarization assemblies 4 are soldered with the terminal 3, which are respectively connected to the positive and negative poles of the power source, the intermediate repolarization assembly 4 has no terminal 3; and the electrode plate 7 is an anode on one side. The other side is the cathode of the adjacent electrolysis chamber 11, and the transmission distance of electrons in the electrode plate 7 is the thickness of the electrode plate 7, and the transfer resistance is close to zero.
  • the counter electrode assembly 4 is composed of a frame 8 and an electrode plate 7, which serves to electrically insulate and evenly separate and seal the electrode plate 7.
  • the planar shape of the frame 8 is slightly larger than the electrode plate 7.
  • the inner edge of the frame 8 overlaps the outer edge of the electrode plate 7, the overlap 16 is bonded or pressed by the electrode pressing plate 5, and the electrode plate 7 is overlapped with the frame 8 to be electrolyzed.
  • the thickness of the frame 8 can be less than 3 mm
  • the thickness of the electrode plate 7 is smaller than the thickness of the frame 8
  • the distance between the cathode and the anode of the electrolytic chamber 11 formed can be less than 2 mm.
  • the counter electrode assembly 4 is composed of a frame 8 and an electrode plate 7, which serves to electrically insulate and evenly separate and seal the electrode plate 7.
  • the height of the frame 8 is larger than that of the electrode plate 7.
  • the width of the frame 8 is the same as that of the electrode plate 7.
  • the bonding between the frame 8 and the electrode plate 7 is bonded or the electrolyte is not pressed through the electrode plate 5.
  • There is a water inlet 10 on the frame 8 a water inlet groove 27 is distributed on the water inlet 10, and a water outlet groove 28 is distributed on the water outlet 14, which can lengthen the flow of water in and out, less leakage current, higher current efficiency, and water inlet and outlet.
  • the thickness of the frame 8 can be less than 3 mm
  • the thickness of the electrode plate 7 is smaller than the thickness of the frame
  • the distance between the cathode and the anode of the electrolytic chamber 11 formed can be less than 2 mm.
  • the counter electrode assembly 4 is composed of a frame 8 and an electrode plate 7, which serves to electrically insulate and evenly separate and seal the electrode plate 7.
  • the electrode plate 7 and the frame 8 have the same outer shape and dimensions, and the frame 8 has two protrusions 29, and the water inlet hole 9, the water inlet 10, the water outlet hole 17, and the water outlet 14 are both at the protrusion 29 of the frame 8, and the protrusion 29
  • the height is the same as the thickness of the electrode plate 7, and the electrode plate 7 has two openings 30 which are the same size as the protrusions 29 on the frame 8, and the overlap of the frame 8 and the electrode plate 7 is bonded or passed through the electrode platen 5.
  • the repolarization assembly 4 of the embodiment has better rigidity, the thickness of the frame 8 can be less than 3 mm, the thickness of the electrode plate 7 is smaller than the thickness of the frame 8, and the distance between the cathode and the anode of the electrolytic chamber 11 formed can be less than 2 mm.
  • the repolarization brine electrolysis device comprises a bolt 6, an electrode platen 5, a repolarization component 4, a terminal 3, and a water inlet manifold. 21.
  • the water inlet pipe 20, the water inlet joint 19, the water outlet joint 22, the water outlet branch pipe 23, and the water discharge main pipe 24 are composed.
  • the electrode platen 5 is made of a steel plate and is coated with an insulating material for insulation and corrosion protection.
  • the repolarization assembly 4 is composed of a frame 8 and an electrode plate 7.
  • the frame 8 is made of an insulating material, which may be rubber or a composite material, and functions to electrically separate and evenly separate and seal the electrode plate 7, the electrode plate 7 and
  • the frame 8 has the same outer shape and dimensions.
  • the frame 8 of the bipolar assembly 4 of this embodiment has a certain thickness, and the thickness is generally greater than 12 mm.
  • the upper side of the frame 8 has a water outlet joint 22 which is connected to the water outlet pipe 24 through the water outlet pipe 23.
  • the electrode pressing plate 5 presses all the repolarizing assemblies 4 in parallel by bolts 6 to form a plurality of independent electrolysis chambers 11;
  • the electrode plates 7 are made of pure titanium plates, and the front side is coated with an active metal oxide coating for Decrease the electrolysis potential, no coating on the back surface or metal nickel with low hydrogen evolution potential on the electroplating; dilute brine enters from the inlet main pipe 21, flows through each influent branch pipe 20, and is evenly distributed into each electrolysis chamber 11 for electrolysis, electrolyte and production.
  • the water inlet pipe 20 and the water outlet pipe 23 of this embodiment are The slender soft plastic tube has lower cost and larger resistance, and functions to reduce leakage current, but the frame 8 is thicker, so that the electrode plate 7 has a larger spacing, the electrolysis voltage is high, and energy saving is not achieved.
  • the thickness of the frame 8 of the fourth embodiment of the multi-pole assembly 4 is relatively large, so that the electrode plate 7 has a large spacing, and the electrolytic voltage is high, and energy saving is
  • the electrode plate 7 can be fabricated as shown in Figures 23-24 by welding a titanium mesh 26 coated with an active metal oxide coating on a flat titanium plate 25, the titanium plate 25 being a cathode, The titanium mesh 26 is the anode of the adjacent electrolysis chamber, and the spacing between the titanium mesh 26 and the titanium plate 25 is smaller than the thickness of the frame 8, so that the distance between the titanium plate 25 and the titanium mesh 26 on the adjacent electrode plate 7 can be reduced to 2 mm, thereby minimizing electrolysis. Voltage and power saving effect are obvious.
  • the bipolar brine electrolysis device of the invention has compact structure, small occupied area, convenient assembly and maintenance, low overall cost, uniform current density, less current leakage, and current efficiency. High, low heat production, no need for cooling in the electrolysis reactor; the electrode plate is made of pure titanium plate, which has long service life and excellent corrosion resistance; the salt consumption can be reduced by 40% and the running cost is lower under the same power consumption.

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Abstract

一种复极盐水电解装置,包括电源(1 )和电解反应器,电解反应器包括两块对称设置的电极压板(5 )和平行均匀设置于两块电极压板(5 )之间的若干块复极组件(4 ),电极压板(5 )和复极组件(4 )通过螺栓(6 )紧密平行挤压在一起,复极组件(4 )中最外侧的两块焊接有接线端子(3 ),接线端子(3 )通过铜排(2 )与电源相连,复极组件之间形成若干个独立的电解室(11 ),电解室(11 )的两端分别设置有细、长、绝缘的进水装置和出水装置。该电解装置具有的有益效果:复极盐水电解装置的结构紧凑,占地面积小,组装、维护方便,总体造价低;电流密度均匀,电流泄漏少,电流效率高,产热量低,电解反应器不需要冷却;电极板为纯钛板制造,寿命长、耐腐蚀性能优异;在相同电耗情况下耗盐量可降低40%,运行费用更低。

Description

一种复极盐水电解装置 技术领域
本发明涉及盐水电解处理技术领域,具体来说,涉及一种复极盐水电解装置。
背景技术
次氯酸钠作为一种消毒剂广泛应用于医院污水及各种水消毒领域,次氯酸钠发生器已有几十年的历史,其工艺技术也在不断地更新和完善,但是其核心单元电解装置的结构改变不大。现有市场上次氯酸钠发生器电解装置的电极分为管式和板式两大类,大都采用单极方式,即一个电解槽中电极分为阳极和阴极,所有阳极连接在一起,所有阴极连接在一起;也有简单采用复极的,即在平行安装的阳极和阴极之间平行安装若干个中间电极,这些中间电极不与电源连接,朝向阳极的面起到部分阴极的作用,朝向阴极的面起到部分阳极的作用,是一种简单的复极,这种复极在一个电解室中并且没有分隔开,电流的泄漏率超过50%,即有超过50%的电流会绕过中间电极,没有起到电解作用,使电流效率大大降低,并产生大量热量。
针对上述相关技术中的问题,目前尚未提出有效的解决方案。
发明内容
针对相关技术中上述的问题,本发明提出一种复极盐水电解装置,能够使电解装置的漏电流率小于0.5%,电解效率成倍提高,且设备结构简单,适于建造大型电解装置。
为实现上述技术目的,本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:
一种复极盐水电解装置,包括电源和电解反应器,所述电解反应器包括两块对称设置的电极压板和平行均匀设置于两块所述电极压板之间的若干块复极组件,所述电极压板和所述复极组件通过螺栓紧密平行挤压在一起,并且, 所述复极组件的搭接处通过粘结或挤压形成密封结构,相邻所述复极组件的边框通过挤压形成若干个独立的电解室,所述电解室的两端分别设置有进水装置和出水装置,若干块所述复极组件中最外侧的两块焊接有接线端子,所述接线端子通过铜排与所述电源相连。
进一步地,所述复极组件包括边框和电极板,所述边框和电极板通过粘接或挤压形成密封结构,所述边框的制造材质为绝缘材料,所述电极板由钛板或由作为阴极的钛板和与所述钛板焊接且作为相邻所述电解室的阳极的钛网构成。
进一步地,所述进水装置包括与所述电解室一端连接的进水槽,所述进水槽的另一端设置有进水通道,所述进水通道由若干进水孔重叠挤压构成,所述进水通道连接有进水管,所述出水装置包括与所述电解室另一端连接的出水槽,所述出水槽的另一端设置有出水通道,所述出水通道由若干出水孔重叠挤压形成,所述出水通道连接有出水管,所述进水槽和所述出水槽的四壁均为绝缘材料。
进一步地,所述进水装置包括与所述电解室一端连接的进水接头,所述进水接头另一端连接有相匹配的进水支管,所述进水支管)的另一端连接有进水总管,所述出水装置包括与所述电解室另一端连接的出水接头,所述出水接头另一端连接有相匹配的出水支管,所述出水支管的另一端连接有出水总管,所述进水支管和所述出水支管的制造材质均为绝缘材料。
本发明的有益效果:仅最外侧复极组件有接线端子,中间的复极组件没有接线端子,电子在极板上的传递电阻几乎为零,且各电解室被边框隔开,电解液只能通过细长的进流槽和出流槽进出电解室,漏电流小于0.5%,电流效率更高。
除最外侧的两个复极组件外,中间的复极组件上均没有螺栓连接点和焊接点,电流密度均匀,没有薄弱环节,故电极板寿命能够保证。
本电解装置结构非常紧凑,占地面积更小,更适于制造大型设备。单台每小时产生150千克次氯酸钠的复极电解装置外形尺寸为:800×660×2200mm,相同产量的普通电解装置需要20台电解槽串联,占地面积需要25平方米。
电极板4为纯钛板制造,耐腐蚀性能优异,边框材料完全可耐受盐水和次 氯酸钠腐蚀,阳极涂层析氯电位低,节电,寿命长。
本电解装置结构简单,组装、维护方便,并可节省大量铜排和连接管路,总体造价更低。
因电流效率高,产热量低,电解槽可不需要冷却。
在相同电耗情况下耗盐量可降低40%,运行费用更低。
本电解装置用于电解含盐量为1%的食盐水,可产生有效氯含量为5克/升的次氯酸钠溶液;用于电解含盐量为2.5%的食盐水,可产生有效氯含量为8克/升的次氯酸钠溶液;用于电解海水,可产生有效氯含量为2~4克/升的消毒液。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据本发明实施例所述的复极盐水电解装置的结构示意图之一;
图2是根据本发明实施例所述的复极组件的正视图之一;
图3是根据本发明实施例所述的复极组件的剖视图之一;
图4是根据本发明实施例所述的边框的正视图之一;
图5是根据本发明实施例所述的边框的剖视图之一;
图6是根据本发明实施例所述的电极板的正视图之一;
图7是根据本发明实施例所述的复极组件的正视图之二;
图8是根据本发明实施例所述的复极组件的剖视图之二;
图9是根据本发明实施例所述的边框的正视图之二;
图10是根据本发明实施例所述的边框的剖视图之二;
图11是根据本发明实施例所述的电极板的正视图之二;
图12是根据本发明实施例所述的复极组件的正视图之三;
图13是根据本发明实施例所述的复极组件的剖视图之三;
图14是根据本发明实施例所述的边框的正视图之三;
图15是根据本发明实施例所述的边框的剖视图之三;
图16是根据本发明实施例所述的电极板的正视图之三;
图17是根据本发明实施例所述的复极盐水电解装置不包括电源的结构示意图;
图18是根据本发明实施例所述的复极组件的正视图之四;
图19是根据本发明实施例所述的复极组件的剖视图之四;
图20是根据本发明实施例所述的边框的正视图之四;
图21是根据本发明实施例所述的边框的剖视图之四;
图22是根据本发明实施例所述的电极板的正视图之四;
图23是根据本发明实施例所述的焊接有钛网的电极板正视图;
图24是根据本发明实施例所述的焊接有钛网的电极板剖视图。
图中:
1、电源;2、铜排;3、接线端子;4、复极组件;5、电极压板;6、螺栓;7、电极板;8、边框;9、进水孔;10、进水槽;11、电解室;12、进水通道;13、进水管;14、出水槽;15、出水通道;16、搭接处;17、出水孔;18、出水管;19、进水接头;20、进水支管;21、进水总管;22、出水接头;23、出水支管;24、出水总管;25、钛板;26、钛网;27、进水支槽;28、出水支槽;29、凸起;30、开孔。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
如图1所示,根据本发明的实施例所述的一种复极盐水电解装置,包括电源1和电解反应器,所述电解反应器包括两块对称设置的电极压板5和平行均匀设置于两块所述电极压板5之间的若干块复极组件4,所述电极压板5和所述复极组件4通过螺栓6紧密平行挤压在一起,并且,所述复极组件的搭接处16通过粘结或挤压形成密封结构,相邻所述复极组件4的边框8通过挤压形 成若干个独立的电解室11,所述电解室11的两端分别设置有进水装置和出水装置,若干块所述复极组件4中最外侧的两块焊接有接线端子3,所述接线端子3通过铜排2与所述电源1相连。
电极压板5由钢板制成,表面涂覆绝缘材料,用于绝缘和防腐。复极组件4由电极板7和边框8组成,电极板7由纯钛制造,正面可涂有活性金属氧化物涂层,用于降低电解电位,背面没有涂层或电镀上析氢电位低的金属镍等;边框8由绝缘材料制造,可以是橡胶,也可以是复合材料,起到电绝缘并将电极板7均匀隔开及密封功能;电极压板5通过螺栓6将所有复极组件4依序平行挤压在一起,形成若干个独立的电解室11;复极组件4的所有进水孔9重叠形成一个进水通道12,与进水管13相连,所有出水孔17重叠形成一个出水通道15,与出水管18相连。稀盐水由进水管13进入,流经进水通道12,再通过各进水槽10平均分配进入各电解室11进行电解,电解液和产生的氢气通过各出水槽14流出,进入出水通道15,最后经出水管18流出电解装置;最外侧的两个复极组件4焊接有接线端子3,分别与电源的正、负极相连,中间的复极组件4没有接线端子3;电极板7一面是阳极,另一面是相邻电解室11的阴极,电子在电极板7中的传递距离为电极板7的厚度,传递电阻接近为零。
如图2-6所示,为本明所述的复极盐水电解装置的实施例一。复极组件4由边框8和电极板7组成,边框8起到电绝缘并将电极板7均匀隔开及密封功能。边框8的平面外形尺寸略大于电极板7,边框8的内边与电极板7的外边搭接,搭接处16粘接或通过电极压板5压紧,电极板7与边框8搭接处电解液不能通过;边框8的下部有进水孔9与进水槽10,边框8的上部有出水孔17和出水槽14,进水槽10和出水槽14深度较小,并有一定长度,以减少漏电流。该实施方式,边框8的厚度可小于3mm,电极板7的厚度小于边框8的厚度,形成的电解室11的阴、阳极间距可小于2mm。
如图7-11所示,为本发明所述的复极盐水电解装置的实施例二。复极组件4由边框8和电极板7组成,边框8起到电绝缘并将电极板7均匀隔开及密封功能。边框8的高度大于电极板7,边框8的宽度与电极板7相同,边框8和电极板7搭接处16粘接或通过电极压板5压紧搭接处16电解液不能通过, 边框8上有进水槽10,进水槽10上分布有进水支槽27,出水槽14上分布有出水支槽28,可使进出水流程加长,漏电流更小,电流效率更高,进出水分布更加均匀,能有效防止电解室11积垢沉淀。该实施方式,边框8的厚度可小于3mm,电极板7的厚度小于边框厚度,形成的电解室11的阴、阳极间距可小于2mm。
如图12-16所示,为本发明所述的复极盐水电解装置的实施例三。复极组件4由边框8和电极板7组成,边框8起到电绝缘并将电极板7均匀隔开及密封功能。电极板7和边框8平面外形尺寸相同,边框8上有两个凸起29,进水孔9、进水槽10、出水孔17和出水槽14均在边框8的凸起29处,凸起29的高度与电极板7厚度相同,电极板7上有两个开孔30,其尺寸与边框8上的凸起29相同,边框8和电极板7的搭接处16粘接或通过电极压板5压紧。该实施方式复极组件4的刚性更好,边框8的厚度可小于3mm,电极板7的厚度小于边框8厚度,形成的电解室11的阴、阳极间距可小于2mm。
如图17-22所示,为本发明所述的复极盐水电解装置的实施例四,本复极盐水电解装置由螺栓6、电极压板5、复极组件4、接线端子3、进水总管21、进水支管20、进水接头19、出水接头22、出水支管23、出水总管24组成。电极压板5由钢板制成,表面涂覆绝缘材料,用于绝缘和防腐。复极组件4由边框8和电极板7组成,边框8由绝缘材料制造,可以是橡胶,也可以是复合材料,起到电绝缘并将电极板7均匀隔开及密封功能,电极板7和边框8平面外形尺寸相同,该实施例复极组件4的边框8有一定厚度,一般厚度大于12mm。边框8下面有一个进水接头19,通过进水支管20与进水总管21相连,边框8的上面有一个出水接头22,通过出水支管23与出水总管24相连。电极压板5通过螺栓6将所有复极组件4依序平行挤压在一起,形成若干个独立的电解室11;电极板7由纯钛板制造,正面涂有活性金属氧化物涂层,用于降低电解电位,背面没有涂层或电镀上析氢电位低的金属镍等;稀盐水由进水总管21进入,流经各进水支管20,平均分配进入各电解室11进行电解,电解液和产生的氢气通过各出水支管23流出最后经出水总管24流出电解装置;最外侧的两个复极组件4焊接有接线端子3,分别与电源的正、负极相连,中间的复极组件4没有接线端子3。该实施方式的进水支管20和出水支管23为 细长的软塑料管,造价较低,电阻较大,起到降低漏电流的作用,但边框8较厚,使电极板7间距较大,电解电压高,不节能。
如图23-24所示,为实施例四的另一种改进方式,因实施例四复极组件4的边框8厚度较大,使电极板7间距较大,电解电压高,不节能,为降低电解电压,电极板7可如图23-24所示的方式制造,即在一块平的钛板25上,焊接一块涂有活性金属氧化物涂层的钛网26,钛板25为阴极,钛网26为相邻电解室的阳极,钛网26与钛板25的间距小于边框8的厚度,可使钛板25与相邻电极板7上钛网26间距缩小到2mm,最大限度降低电解电压,节电效果明显。
综上所述,借助于本发明的上述技术方案,使得本发明复极盐水电解装置的结构紧凑,占地面积小,组装、维护方便,总体造价低;电流密度均匀,电流泄漏少,电流效率高,产热量低,电解反应器不需要冷却;电极板为纯钛板制造,寿命长、耐腐蚀性能优异;在相同电耗情况下耗盐量可降低40%,运行费用更低。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (4)

  1. 一种复极盐水电解装置,包括电源(1)和电解反应器,其特征在于,所述电解反应器包括两块对称设置的电极压板(5)和平行均匀设置于两块所述电极压板(5)之间的若干块复极组件(4),所述电极压板(5)和所述复极组件(4)通过螺栓(6)紧密平行挤压在一起,并且,所述复极组件的搭接处(16)通过粘结或挤压形成密封结构,相邻所述复极组件(4)的边框(8)通过挤压形成若干个独立的电解室(11),所述电解室(11)的两端分别设置有进水装置和出水装置,若干块所述复极组件(4)中最外侧的两块焊接有接线端子(3),所述接线端子(3)通过铜排(2)与所述电源(1)相连。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的复极盐水电解装置,其特征在于,所述复极组件(4)包括边框(8)和电极板(7),所述边框(8)和电极板(7)通过粘接或挤压形成密封结构,所述边框(8)的制造材质为绝缘材料,所述电极板(7)由钛板(25)或由作为阴极的钛板(25)和与所述钛板(25)焊接且作为相邻所述电解室(11)的阳极的钛网(26)构成。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的复极盐水电解装置,其特征在于,所述进水装置包括与所述电解室(11)一端连接的进水槽(10),所述进水槽(10)的另一端设置有进水通道(12),所述进水通道(12)由若干进水孔(9)重叠挤压构成,所述进水通道(12)连接有进水管(13),所述出水装置包括与所述电解室(11)另一端连接的出水槽(14),所述出水槽(14)的另一端设置有出水通道(15),所述出水通道(15)由若干出水孔(17)重叠挤压形成,所述出水通道(15)连接有出水管(18),所述进水槽(10)和所述出水槽(14)的四壁均为绝缘材料。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的复极盐水电解装置,其特征在于,所述进水装置包括与所述电解室(11)一端连接的进水接头(19),所述进水接头(19)另一端连接有相匹配的进水支管(20),所述进水支管(20)的另一端连接有进水总管(21),所述出水装置包括与所述电解室(11)另一端连接的出水接头(22),所述出水接头(22)另一端连接有相匹配的出 水支管(23),所述出水支管(23)的另一端连接有出水总管(24),所述进水支管(20)和所述出水支管(23)的制造材质均为绝缘材料。
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