WO2016167501A1 - Appareil de chauffage par induction utilisant un onduleur résonnant à deux fréquences - Google Patents

Appareil de chauffage par induction utilisant un onduleur résonnant à deux fréquences Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016167501A1
WO2016167501A1 PCT/KR2016/003458 KR2016003458W WO2016167501A1 WO 2016167501 A1 WO2016167501 A1 WO 2016167501A1 KR 2016003458 W KR2016003458 W KR 2016003458W WO 2016167501 A1 WO2016167501 A1 WO 2016167501A1
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frequency
power
circuit
induction heating
capacitor
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PCT/KR2016/003458
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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성환호
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주식회사 피에스텍
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/06—Control, e.g. of temperature, of power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/101—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications for local heating of metal pieces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/36—Coil arrangements
    • H05B6/40—Establishing desired heat distribution, e.g. to heat particular parts of workpieces
    • H05B6/405—Establishing desired heat distribution, e.g. to heat particular parts of workpieces for heating gear-wheels

Definitions

  • This embodiment relates to an induction heating apparatus using a dual frequency resonant inverter.
  • Induction heating is a method of heating conductors using electromagnetic induction, and is widely used for non-contact heating, soldering, welding, and heat treatment.
  • the conductor When the conductor is heated by the induction heating method, only a specific part can be heated rapidly, thereby reducing material and processing costs and reducing work time.
  • the hardening depth can be adjusted, and extremely shallow hardening depth can be obtained so that precise processing is possible.
  • there are advantages such as automation of the process and less pollution.
  • the object to be heated is shaped like a gear with a tip of teeth and a root area of teeth, the tip of teeth and root area of teeth of the object to be heated ) To harden evenly is called contour hardening.
  • the term 'high frequency' does not mean a high frequency band (HF), but is applied to the tip of teeth of the power frequency (approximately between 60 Hz and 1 MHz) used for induction heating. It means a relatively high frequency to form a hardened layer.
  • the term 'low frequency' herein does not mean the low frequency region band (LF), but rather the root area of teeth of the power frequency (approximately between 60 Hz and 1 MHz) used for induction heating. ) Refers to a frequency relatively low enough to form a cured layer on the site.
  • contour hardening was performed by changing the frequency setting to induction heating again at low frequency power.
  • the speed of the power source was changed during the work for contour hardening, so the process was slow and complicated.
  • This embodiment has an object to provide an induction heating apparatus that reduces the manufacturing cost by using only one inverter in the induction heating apparatus.
  • the present embodiment has an object to provide an induction heating device to increase the heating efficiency by removing the filter in the induction heating device.
  • the power supply device for selectively outputting the AC power of the first frequency or the second frequency Generator; And a resonant circuit configured to form the resonant circuit with the inductive load L c corresponding to the frequency of the AC power output by the oscillator, wherein the first frequency is higher than the second frequency and the resonance
  • the circuit unit operates as a series-parallel resonance circuit when the AC power of the first frequency is applied and operates as a series resonance circuit when the AC power of the second frequency is applied. It provides a power supply, characterized in that.
  • the heating efficiency can be improved by removing the filter in the induction heating apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a process of contour hardening a gear by using a heating coil manufactured according to the shape of a gear.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a process of contour hardening a gear by applying high frequency power to a circular heating coil.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a process of contour hardening a gear by applying low frequency power to a circular heating coil.
  • contour hardening a gear by applying high frequency power to a circular heating coil a process of contour hardening a gear by applying high frequency power, and applying a dual frequency power to the gear. Compared to the process of contour hardening.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram illustrating a circuit of an induction heating apparatus using a conventional simultaneous dual frequency resonant inverter.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a current waveform when a conventional simultaneous dual frequency resonant inverter is connected to a circular heating coil.
  • FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram illustrating a circuit of an induction heating apparatus using a conventional time sharing dual frequency resonant inverter.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a current waveform when a conventional time sharing dual frequency resonant inverter is connected to a circular heating coil.
  • FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram illustrating a series resonance circuit used in conventional induction heating.
  • FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram illustrating a series-parallel resonance circuit used in conventional induction heating.
  • FIG. 11 is an example of a circuit in which the induction heating apparatus using the dual frequency resonant inverter according to the present embodiment is implemented in full bridge.
  • FIG. 12 is a first embodiment of a circuit in which the full bridge circuit of FIG. 11 is implemented as a half bridge.
  • FIG. 13 is a second embodiment of a circuit in which the full bridge circuit of FIG. 11 is implemented as a half bridge.
  • FIG. 14 is an example of a circuit implemented to act like a half-bridge circuit by replacing a switch in one pole with a capacitor in the full bridge circuit of FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 15 is a first embodiment of a matching voltage transformer used in the induction heating apparatus of this embodiment.
  • FIG. 16 is a second embodiment of a matching voltage transformer used in the induction heating apparatus of this embodiment.
  • FIG. 17 is a first embodiment of a circuit for performing impedance matching of a heating coil by tapping the primary side of the current transformer after providing a current transformer for impedance matching of the heating coil in the induction heating apparatus of the present embodiment.
  • FIG. 18 illustrates a second embodiment of a circuit in which an induction heating apparatus of the present embodiment includes a current transformer for impedance matching of a heating coil, and then taps the primary side of the current transformer to perform impedance matching of the heating coil. .
  • symbols such as first, second, i), ii), a), and b may be used. These symbols are only to distinguish the components from other components, and the nature, order or order of the components are not limited by the symbols.
  • symbols when a part of the specification is said to include or include any component, this means that it may further include other components, except to exclude other components unless expressly stated to the contrary. do.
  • the terms ' ⁇ ', 'module', etc. described in the specification mean a unit for processing at least one function or operation, which may be implemented as 'hardware' or 'software' or 'combination of hardware and software'. have.
  • Winding the coil around the conductor and applying a current to the coil changes the magnetic flux in the conductor.
  • an electromotive force is induced in the opposite direction of the coil to prevent a change in magnetic flux. This is called induced electromotive force.
  • the current generated in the conductor by the induced electromotive force is called eddy current or eddy current.
  • eddy currents flow through a conductor, the conductor acts as a kind of resistance, causing Eddy Current Loss. Induction heating takes place as the thermal energy generated by the eddy current loss heats the conductor.
  • the phenomenon in which the eddy current is concentrated near the surface of the conductor is called a skin effect. Due to the skin effect, eddy currents are concentrated on the surface of the conductor.
  • the skin effect can be used to harden the conductor surface.
  • Gears are not used in cars, bikes, watches, elevators, escalators, aircraft, ships and heavy equipment. However, since the gear is engaged, the surface of the gear is not hardly worked through heat treatment, and the gear wears out easily.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a process of contour hardening a gear by using a heating coil manufactured according to the shape of a gear.
  • the heating coil of the induction heating apparatus in order to contour hardening a component having a complex shape such as a gear at a single frequency, the heating coil of the induction heating apparatus must have a complicated shape in accordance with the shape of the gear. In this case, since the shape of the heating coil needs to be changed every time the shape of the gear to be heat-treated changes, the heat treatment process is complicated and the cost increases.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a process of contour hardening a gear by applying high frequency power to a circular heating coil.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a process of contour hardening a gear by applying low frequency power to a circular heating coil.
  • the heating coil of the induction heating apparatus is manufactured according to the shape of the gear, or ii) of the induction heating apparatus.
  • the heating coil should be circular, but the low frequency power should be applied to cure the root area of teeth and then the high frequency power should be applied to cure the tip of teeth.
  • the root area of the induction heating device using a resonant inverter that outputs low frequency is generally low.
  • the process proceeds by moving the material to be heated to a tip of teeth by hardening the material with an induction heating device using a resonant inverter that outputs high frequency. In such a method, if the process movement is slow, full heating may occur and the material to be heated may be deformed, and thus the process movement should be rapid, thereby causing problems such as double investment of equipment.
  • induction heating apparatus using dual frequency has been developed to solve problems such as difficulty in process and increase in cost.
  • the use of dual frequency induction heating device not only solves the problem of the double investment of the equipment, but also the process is simplified because there is no need to move the parts to be cured, and the deformation of the parts due to full heating can be prevented.
  • contour hardening a gear by applying high frequency power to a circular heating coil a process of contour hardening a gear by applying high frequency power, and applying a dual frequency power to the gear. Compared to the process of contour hardening.
  • FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram illustrating a circuit of an induction heating apparatus using a conventional simultaneous dual frequency resonant inverter.
  • a simultaneous dual frequency resonant inverter includes a low frequency inverter unit and a high frequency inverter unit.
  • the low frequency inverter unit receives DC power from the converter and outputs low frequency power. Low frequency power is supplied to the heating coil via a resonant circuit and a low pass filter.
  • the high frequency inverter unit receives DC power from the converter and outputs high frequency power. High frequency power is supplied to the heating coil via a resonant circuit and a high pass filter.
  • Simultaneous dual frequency resonant inverters combine low frequency power and high frequency power in a heating coil to supply simultaneous dual frequency power to the heating coil.
  • a simultaneous dual frequency resonant inverter a resonant inverter system capable of driving a simultaneous dual frequency (Korean Patent Publication No. 10-1134419) is disclosed.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a current waveform when a conventional simultaneous dual frequency resonant inverter is connected to a circular heating coil.
  • a simultaneous dual frequency resonant inverter synthesizes a high frequency output and a low frequency output, thereby outputting a dual frequency having both a high frequency component and a low frequency component.
  • FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram illustrating a circuit of an induction heating apparatus using a conventional time sharing dual frequency resonant inverter.
  • a conventional time sharing dual frequency resonant inverter has a time sharing dual frequency (heat sharing) for a heating coil through a mechanical switch alternately connecting a capacitor for outputting high frequency and a capacitor for outputting low frequency. dual frequency) to supply power.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a current waveform when a conventional time sharing dual frequency resonant inverter is connected to a circular heating coil.
  • the time sharing dual frequency resonant inverter alternately outputs a high frequency output and a low frequency output so that the high frequency component and the low frequency component are separated in time.
  • a time sharing dual frequency resonant inverter uses only one inverter.
  • a switch that alternates a capacitor that outputs a high frequency and a capacitor that outputs a low frequency is a mechanical switch, so a loss due to spark or contact resistance occurs when the switch is opened or closed. do.
  • the dual frequency resonant inverter may output a time sharing dual frequency without a mechanical switch alternately connecting a capacitor for outputting a high frequency and a capacitor for outputting a low frequency.
  • the dual frequency resonant inverter When the dual frequency resonant inverter according to the present embodiment is used, the dual frequency resonant output is possible with one inverter, thereby lowering the manufacturing cost, increasing the heating efficiency by eliminating the filter, and sparking by eliminating the mechanical switch. Alternatively, switching losses due to contact resistance can be reduced.
  • the leakage inductance is a co-transformer having a large electrical leakage, even when a material to be electrically heated is inserted, most of the power supplied by the reactive power Q has a reactive component.
  • the induction heating circuit is equivalently connected in series with the inductance of the heating coil and the equivalent resistance of the material to be heated, the resistance is very small compared to the inductance and thus has a power factor of about 0.03 to 0.08.
  • induction heating device in order to cancel reactive power by inductance and to make apparent power on the power supply side equal to the active power, it is essential to construct a resonance circuit in which a capacitor is connected.
  • the impedance is lowered at the resonant frequency, thereby increasing the effective power supplied to the equivalent resistance of the material to be heated.
  • FIG. 9 is a circuit diagram illustrating a series resonance circuit used in conventional induction heating
  • FIG. 10 is a circuit diagram illustrating a series-parallel resonance circuit used in conventional induction heating. .
  • FIG. 11 is an example of a circuit in which the induction heating apparatus using the dual frequency resonant inverter according to the present embodiment is implemented in full bridge.
  • the full bridge circuit of the induction heating apparatus includes a power supply unit 110, an inverter unit 120, and a heating unit 130.
  • An alternator including a power supply unit 110 and an inverter unit 120 outputs AC power.
  • DC power is applied to the power supply unit 110.
  • DC power may be directly applied to the power supply unit 110, or AC power may be changed to DC power and applied to the power supply unit 120.
  • the inverter unit 120 includes a full-bridge inverter composed of four switches and a resonance circuit which forms a resonance frequency when connected to a heating coil.
  • the capacitor C lf and the inductor L s are connected in series.
  • the capacitor C hf and the heating coil L c are connected in parallel.
  • the capacitor C hf and the heating coil L c connected in parallel are connected in series with the capacitor C lf and the inductor L s .
  • the inverter unit 120 of FIG. 11 is a form in which the series resonance capacitor of FIG. 9 is added to the series-parallel resonance circuit of FIG. 10, and the capacitor C connected in series with the heating coil in the inverter unit 120.
  • lf must be sufficiently larger than capacitor C hf connected in parallel with the heating coil. That is, it should be C lf >> C hf .
  • the induction heating apparatus has two resonant frequencies, among which a high resonant frequency is referred to as f hr and a low resonant frequency is referred to as f lr .
  • Equation 1 When a high resonance frequency f hr is applied, the resonance frequency formed by L s , C hf and the equivalent inductance L c of the heating coil is expressed by Equation 1 below.
  • L s // L c denotes an inductance value when L s and L c are connected in parallel.
  • the operation of the high resonance frequency f hr and the low resonance frequency f lr can be independently controlled.
  • induction heating apparatus of the present embodiment When the induction heating apparatus of the present embodiment is operated only at a high frequency, induction heating is performed by high frequency, and when only the low frequency is operated, induction heating is performed by low frequency.
  • the induction heating apparatus of the present embodiment When the induction heating apparatus of the present embodiment is operated by dividing the high frequency and the low frequency by time division, it is possible to obtain the same effect as heating the material to be heated at two frequencies simultaneously. In other words, if the total heating time is divided into a sufficient number of times and the low frequency operation and the high frequency operation are repeated, the same effect as heating at two frequencies can be obtained.
  • FIG. 12 is a first embodiment of a circuit in which the full bridge circuit of FIG. 11 is implemented as a half bridge.
  • the first embodiment of the half bridge circuit of the induction heating apparatus includes a power supply unit 210, an inverter unit 220, and a heating unit 230.
  • An alternator including a power supply unit 210 and an inverter unit 220 outputs AC power.
  • DC power is applied to the power supply unit 210.
  • DC power may be directly applied to the power supply unit 210, or AC power may be changed to DC power and applied to the power supply unit 210.
  • the inverter unit 220 includes a half-bridge inverter composed of two switches and a resonance circuit which forms a resonance frequency when it is connected to a heating coil.
  • the capacitor C lf connected in series with the heating coil in the resonant circuit is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply unit 210.
  • the operating principle when operating the circuit of FIG. 12 at a high resonance frequency f hr and at a low resonance frequency f lr is similar to that of the full bridge of FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 13 is a second embodiment of a circuit in which the full bridge circuit of FIG. 11 is implemented as a half bridge.
  • the second embodiment of the half bridge circuit of the induction heating apparatus includes a power supply unit 310, an inverter unit 320, and a heating unit 330.
  • DC power is applied to the power supply unit 310.
  • DC power may be directly applied to the power supply unit 310, or AC power may be changed to DC power and applied to the power supply unit 310.
  • the inverter unit 320 includes a half bridge inverter composed of two switches and a resonance circuit which forms a resonance frequency when connected to a heating coil.
  • the capacitor C lf connected in series with the heating coil was divided into two capacitors having a half capacity of C lf and connected to the positive (+) and negative (-) terminals of the power supply unit 310, respectively.
  • the half bridge circuit may be implemented by replacing the switch of the full bridge circuit of FIG. 11 with a capacitor having a sufficiently large capacity.
  • FIG. 14 is a circuit implemented to operate like a half bridge circuit by replacing a switch in one pole with a capacitor in the full bridge circuit of FIG. 11.
  • the induction heating apparatus of the present embodiment is capable of efficient heating by quickly performing impedance matching by dividing the high frequency time and the low frequency time using a semiconductor switch.
  • FIG. 15 is a first embodiment of a matching voltage transformer used in the induction heating apparatus of this embodiment.
  • the primary coil of the matching voltage transformer is connected to the generator and the secondary coil is connected to the resonant circuit.
  • the primary coil of the matching transformer includes a plurality of tabs, and the matching transformer has a impedance using a tap changing circuit that selectively connects the plurality of tabs to an oscillator. Perform a match.
  • the circuit of FIG. 15 has two N-turn-tabs on the primary side of the matching voltage transformer, one M-turn-tab on the secondary side of the matching transformer, and a tap-switch circuit on the primary side of the matching transformer.
  • the tap-switching circuit disclosed in FIG. 15 is composed of three switches SW1, SW2, SW3.
  • the switches SW1, SW2, and SW3 for impedance matching are preferably semiconductor switches such as BJT, TRIAC, MOSFET, SCR, and IGBT.
  • a mechanical switch may be used as the switches SW1, SW2, and SW3 for impedance matching.
  • FIG. 16 is a second embodiment of a matching voltage transformer used in the induction heating apparatus of this embodiment.
  • the circuit of FIG. 16 has two N-turn-tabs on the primary side of a matching voltage transformer. And two L-turn-tabs, one M-turn winding on the secondary side of the matching transformer, and a tap-switching circuit on the primary side of the matching transformer.
  • the tap-switching circuit disclosed in Fig. 16 is composed of three switches SW1, SW2, SW3.
  • the switches SW1, SW2, and SW3 for impedance matching are preferably semiconductor switches such as BJT, TRIAC, MOSFET, SCR, and IGBT. However, a mechanical switch may be used as the switches SW1, SW2, and SW3 for impedance matching.
  • the induction heating apparatus of the present embodiment may further include a current transformer for impedance matching of the heating coil.
  • the current transformer for impedance matching of the heating coil should be distinguished from the matching transformer in that impedance matching is performed according to the impedance of the heating coil, not impedance matching according to the magnitude of the frequency.
  • the heating coil is connected to the secondary coil of the current transformer.
  • the equivalent inductance of the heating coil is L c and the turns ratio of the current transformer is N
  • an equivalent inductance of N 2 ⁇ L c is generated on the primary side of the current transformer. Therefore, impedance matching may be performed by changing the winding ratio according to the heating coil. For example, after tapping the primary side of the current transformer, impedance matching may be performed by a tap change method.
  • FIG. 17 and 18 illustrate an example of a circuit in which an induction heating apparatus of the present embodiment includes a current transformer for impedance matching of a heating coil, and then taps the primary side of the current transformer to perform impedance matching of the heating coil. It is.
  • a tap-changer such as NLTC (No Load Tap Changer) or On Load Tap Changer (OLTC) may be used.
  • heating unit 210 power supply unit

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de chauffage par induction utilisant un onduleur résonnant à deux fréquences. Un aspect du présent mode de réalisation concerne un dispositif d'alimentation électrique permettant d'alimenter une charge inductive (Lc) d'un appareil de chauffage par induction, le dispositif d'alimentation électrique comprenant : un générateur pour délivrer sélectivement en sortie un courant alternatif (c.a.) ayant une première fréquence ou un courant alternatif ayant une seconde fréquence ; et une unité de circuit de résonance pour configurer la charge inductive (Lc) et un circuit de résonance selon la fréquence de la sortie de courant alternatif par le générateur, la première fréquence étant supérieure à la seconde fréquence et l'unité de circuit de résonance fonctionnant comme un circuit de résonance en série-parallèle lorsque le courant alternatif ayant la première fréquence est appliqué à celle-ci et fonctionnant comme un circuit de résonance en série lorsque le courant alternatif ayant la seconde fréquence est appliqué à celle-ci.
PCT/KR2016/003458 2015-04-17 2016-04-04 Appareil de chauffage par induction utilisant un onduleur résonnant à deux fréquences WO2016167501A1 (fr)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019170781A1 (fr) 2018-03-06 2019-09-12 Npc Tech Aps Convertisseur de courant auto-oscillant
ES2820098A1 (es) * 2019-10-17 2021-04-19 Gh Electrotermia S A Sistema para calentamiento por induccion de piezas metalicas

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KR102645113B1 (ko) * 2023-07-31 2024-03-07 주식회사 고려고주파 병렬공진을 이용한 동시 이중주파수 유도가열 장치

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JP2000259018A (ja) * 1999-03-10 2000-09-22 Ricoh Co Ltd 誘導加熱用インバータ回路を用いた定着装置
JP2005312111A (ja) * 2004-04-19 2005-11-04 High Frequency Heattreat Co Ltd 電力供給装置
KR20110131534A (ko) * 2010-05-31 2011-12-07 한국기계연구원 동시 이중 주파수 구동이 가능한 공진형 인버터 시스템

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JPS63308888A (ja) * 1987-06-10 1988-12-16 Yasushi Horiuchi 高周波誘導加熱用電源装置
JP2000259018A (ja) * 1999-03-10 2000-09-22 Ricoh Co Ltd 誘導加熱用インバータ回路を用いた定着装置
JP2005312111A (ja) * 2004-04-19 2005-11-04 High Frequency Heattreat Co Ltd 電力供給装置
KR20110131534A (ko) * 2010-05-31 2011-12-07 한국기계연구원 동시 이중 주파수 구동이 가능한 공진형 인버터 시스템

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SHIN, WOO SEOK ET AL.: "Inverter for Induction Heating using Simultaneous Dual-Frequency Method''.", JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS, vol. 16, no. 6, December 2011 (2011-12-01), pages 554 - 560, XP055324597 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2019170781A1 (fr) 2018-03-06 2019-09-12 Npc Tech Aps Convertisseur de courant auto-oscillant
ES2820098A1 (es) * 2019-10-17 2021-04-19 Gh Electrotermia S A Sistema para calentamiento por induccion de piezas metalicas
WO2021074464A1 (fr) * 2019-10-17 2021-04-22 Gh Electrotermia, S.A. Système pour le chauffage par induction de pièces métalliques

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