WO2016167054A1 - Radar system - Google Patents

Radar system Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016167054A1
WO2016167054A1 PCT/JP2016/057282 JP2016057282W WO2016167054A1 WO 2016167054 A1 WO2016167054 A1 WO 2016167054A1 JP 2016057282 W JP2016057282 W JP 2016057282W WO 2016167054 A1 WO2016167054 A1 WO 2016167054A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind speed
radar system
speed vector
reliability
radar
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/JP2016/057282
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
昌裕 箕輪
Original Assignee
古野電気株式会社
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Publication date
Application filed by 古野電気株式会社 filed Critical 古野電気株式会社
Priority to JP2017512232A priority Critical patent/JP6435040B2/en
Publication of WO2016167054A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016167054A1/en

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/04—Display arrangements
    • G01S7/06—Cathode-ray tube displays or other two dimensional or three-dimensional displays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
    • G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
    • G01S13/95—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01W—METEOROLOGY
    • G01W1/00—Meteorology
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
    • Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a radar system that calculates a wind direction and a wind speed and displays the calculated wind direction and a wind speed on a display.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 a display method as disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 is known as a method for displaying information on wind direction and wind speed at each point in a predetermined area.
  • an arrow is displayed at each point in the Kinki region.
  • the direction of the arrow indicates the direction of the wind (wind direction), and the color of each arrow corresponds to the speed of the wind (wind speed).
  • the user can know the wind direction and the wind speed at each point in the Kinki region.
  • the present invention is for solving the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a radar system capable of displaying the reliability of information on the wind direction and wind speed displayed on the display unit on the display unit.
  • a radar system is based on a received signal generated from a reflected wave of a transmission wave transmitted from a transmission unit, and a wind speed vector at each point and
  • a radar system comprising a wind speed vector calculation unit for calculating a wind speed vector distribution which is the distribution, and a display for displaying the wind speed vector distribution, wherein the display also has reliability of the wind speed vector. Is displayed.
  • the radar system includes at least two radar devices each having the transmission unit, and the transmission units are arranged at different positions, and the wind speed vector calculation unit includes: The wind speed vector is calculated based on a reception signal generated from the reflected wave received by the radar device.
  • the radar system is a wind speed vector reliability distribution which is a distribution of the reliability of the wind speed vector at each point, which is determined based on a position where the at least two radar devices are arranged. Is further provided.
  • the wind speed vector reliability distribution is superimposed on the wind speed vector distribution and displayed on the display.
  • the radar system calculates the wind speed vector using a dual Doppler method.
  • the radar system includes at least three radar devices each having the transmission unit, and the transmission units are arranged at different positions, and the wind speed is measured using a triple Doppler method. Calculate the vector.
  • the radar system includes one radar device having the transmission unit, and the wind speed vector calculation unit is a reception generated from a reflected wave of a transmission wave transmitted from the transmission unit. Based on the signal, the wind speed vector at each point is calculated.
  • the radar system further includes a reliability calculation unit that calculates the reliability for each wind speed vector at each point, and the display unit includes the reliability corresponding to the wind speed vector. The reliability is displayed.
  • the wind speed vector calculation unit calculates the wind speed vector using a simplified VVP method.
  • the present invention it is possible to provide a radar system capable of calculating the reliability of the information on the wind direction and wind speed displayed on the display.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a weather radar system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows an example of the position where two radar apparatuses shown in FIG. 1 are arrange
  • the present invention can be widely applied as a weather radar system that calculates a wind direction and a wind speed and displays the calculated wind direction and wind speed on a display.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a weather radar system 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as a radar system 1) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a position where the two radar apparatuses 10 and 20 illustrated in FIG. 1 are arranged.
  • the radar system 1 according to the present embodiment is configured to calculate the horizontal wind direction and wind speed at each point in a predetermined area using two radar devices 10 and 20 arranged at positions separated from each other. Yes.
  • the Doppler is calculated based on the difference between the frequency of the transmission wave and the frequency of the reflected wave that returns after being reflected by precipitation particles (rain, snow, hail, hail) in the atmosphere. Using the speed, the direction and magnitude of the wind speed at each point (that is, the wind speed vector V) is calculated. That is, in the radar system 1, the wind speed vector V at the point where the Doppler speed is observed is calculated.
  • the radar system 1 includes two radar devices 10, 20, a wind speed vector calculation unit 2, a display image generation unit 3, and a display 4.
  • Each radar device 10, 20 includes antennas 11, 21, circulators 12, 22, transmission waveform generators 13, 23, amplifiers 14, 24, transmitters 15, 25, receivers 16, 26, Band pass filters 17 and 27, amplification units 18 and 28, and signal processing units 19 and 29 are provided.
  • the radar apparatuses 10 and 20 have the same configuration except that the installation positions are different. Therefore, only the configuration of the radar apparatus 10 will be described below, and the description of the configuration of the radar apparatus 20 will be omitted.
  • the antenna 11 is provided as a wave transmission unit that transmits an electromagnetic wave as a transmission wave, and is also provided as a wave reception unit that receives a reflected wave of the transmission wave.
  • a transmission signal output from the transmitter 15 is input to the antenna 11 via the circulator 12.
  • a transmission wave generated from the transmission signal is transmitted from the antenna 11.
  • the antenna 11 outputs a reception signal obtained from the received reflected wave to the receiver 16 via the circulator 12.
  • the circulator 12 switches to a connection in which a transmission signal is transmitted from the transmitter 15 to the antenna 11 during transmission. In addition, the circulator 12 switches to a connection in which a reception signal obtained from a reception wave received by the antenna 11 is sent from the antenna 11 to the receiver 16 at the time of reception.
  • the transmission waveform generation unit 13 generates a transmission signal having a waveform that is the basis of the transmission wave transmitted from the antenna 11.
  • the transmission signal generated by the transmission waveform generation unit 13 is amplified by the amplification unit 14 and then output to the antenna 11 via the transmitter 15 and the circulator 12.
  • the receiver 16 receives the received signal obtained from the received wave received by the antenna 11 via the circulator 12.
  • the reception signal received by the receiver 16 is subjected to removal of unnecessary signals such as noise by the band-pass filter 17, amplified by the amplification unit 18, and then output to the signal processing unit 19.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing wind speed vectors Vp 10 and Vp 20 at a certain point p calculated by the signal processing units 19 and 29.
  • the wind speed vectors (wind direction and wind speed) that can be calculated by the signal processing unit 19 include the radar device 10 provided with the signal processing unit 19 among the wind speed vectors Vp at the target point P, and the target. Only the component Vp 10 in the direction d 10 along the straight line connecting the point P.
  • the wind speed vector that can be calculated by the signal processing unit 29 includes the radar device 20 provided with the signal processing unit 29 among the wind speed vectors Vp at the target point P, and the target point P where the wind direction and the wind speed are calculated. Only the component Vp 20 in the direction d 20 along the straight line connecting.
  • the radar apparatus 10 and the radar apparatus 20 are arranged at different positions with respect to each other, the wind direction that can be calculated by the signal processing unit 19 and the wind direction that can be calculated by the signal processing unit 29. The direction is different.
  • the wind speed vector calculation unit 2 is based on the wind speed vector Vp 10 calculated by the signal processing unit 19 of the radar device 10 and the wind speed vector Vp 20 calculated by the signal processing unit 29 of the radar device 20.
  • the wind speed vector Vp at the target point P is calculated.
  • the wind speed vector calculation unit 2 calculates the wind speed vector Vp of the target point P by combining the vector Vp 10 and the vector Vp 20 .
  • the method for calculating the wind speed vector Vp described here is a method called a dual Doppler method.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the wind speed vector distribution VM calculated by the wind speed vector calculation unit 2.
  • the wind speed vector calculation unit 2 generates the wind speed vector distribution VM, which is the distribution of the wind speed vector V at each point, by performing the above-described vector synthesis process for each point where the Doppler velocity is observed.
  • the direction of the wind speed corresponds to the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 4, and the magnitude of the wind speed corresponds to the length of the arrow shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the error rate distribution EM (reliability distribution) stored in the error rate distribution storage unit 5 (reliability distribution storage unit) of the display image generation unit 3.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an image generated by the display image generating unit 3 and displayed on the display device 4.
  • the wind speed vector V at each point is calculated using the dual Doppler method described above with reference to FIG.
  • the magnitude of the wind speed error at that point is determined by the position of the wind speed calculation target point with respect to the two radar devices 10 and 20. Referring to FIG. 5, in FIG. 5, a region Za having a high dot density has a small velocity error rate, and a region Zc having a low dot density has a large velocity error rate. That is, the speed vector at the point included in the region Za has high reliability, and the speed vector at the point included in the region Zc has low reliability.
  • the speed error rate of the speed vector at the point included in the region Za is less than 30%, and the speed error rate of the speed vector at the point included in the region Zb is 30% or more and less than 50%.
  • the speed error rate of the speed vector at the points included in the region Zc is 50% or more.
  • the distribution of speed error rates determined by the positions where the two radar devices 10 and 20 installed at different positions are installed as the error rate distribution EM as an error rate distribution storage unit. 5 is stored. Note that the speed error rate ranges (30% to less than 50%, etc.) of the points included in each of the regions Za, Zb, and Zc illustrated here are merely examples, and other ranges may be used.
  • the display image generation unit 3 is an image in which the wind speed vector distribution VM generated by the wind speed vector calculation unit 2 and the error rate distribution EM stored in the error rate distribution storage unit 5 are superimposed. Is generated. Specifically, the display image generation unit 3 causes the positions where the radar apparatuses 10 and 20 are installed in the wind speed vector distribution VM and the positions of the two radar apparatuses 10 and 20 in the error rate distribution EM match. In addition, an image in which the wind speed vector distribution VM and the error rate distribution EM are superimposed is generated. The display 4 displays the image. Thereby, the user can grasp
  • the point P1 is included in the region Za where the error rate of the wind speed in the error rate distribution EM is within 30%, the error of the wind speed at the point P1 is within 30%. Can be guessed. Specifically, if the wind speed at the point P1 is 10 m / s, it can be estimated that the wind speed at the point P1 is in the range of 7 to 13 m / s. On the other hand, since the point P2 is included in the region Zc where the error rate of the wind speed in the error rate distribution EM is 50% or more, it can be estimated that the error of the wind speed at the point P2 is 50% or more.
  • the error rate of the wind speed vector V at each point where the Doppler velocity is observed is the reliability of the wind speed vector V calculated corresponding to each point. Displayed on the display 4. Thereby, since the user can know the degree of accuracy of the wind speed vector V calculated corresponding to each point (that is, the reliability of the wind speed vector V), the wind speed vector V at each point can be more accurately determined. I can grasp it.
  • the radar system 1 it is possible to provide a radar system that can display the error rate (reliability) of the wind speed vector V displayed on the display 4 on the display 4.
  • the wind speed vector V is calculated by the two radar devices 10 and 20 arranged at different positions.
  • the wind speed vector V can be calculated using the Doppler speed, and therefore the wind speed vector V at each point can be appropriately calculated.
  • the error rate distribution EM which is a distribution of the error rate of the wind speed at each point, determined based on the position where the two radar devices are arranged is stored. That is, according to the radar system 1, it is not necessary to calculate the error rate of the wind speed for each of the wind speed vectors V calculated at each point. Therefore, according to the radar system 1, the calculation load for calculating the error rate of the wind speed at each point can be reduced.
  • the wind speed vector distribution VM and the error rate distribution EM are displayed in an overlapping manner. Thereby, the user can easily estimate how much the wind speed vector V at each point actually falls within the range.
  • the wind speed vector V at each point is calculated based on the so-called dual Doppler method, the wind speed vector V at each point can be appropriately calculated.
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a part of the display image displayed on the display of the radar system according to the modification.
  • the error rate distribution EM of the wind speed is displayed as the reliability.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and other reliability may be displayed.
  • the error rate of the wind speed at each point is ranked according to the magnitude (for example, A to D), and the alphabets A to D are May be displayed in the vicinity of the arrow of the wind speed vector V displayed in FIG.
  • the wind speed vector distribution VM and the error rate distribution EM are displayed so as to overlap each other.
  • the present invention is not limited thereto, and the wind speed vector distribution VM and the error rate distribution EM are displayed on the display 4. May be displayed separately.
  • the configuration may be such that the wind speed error rate of the speed vector at the point is displayed.
  • the wind direction and the wind speed at each point are calculated using the two radar devices 10 and 20.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and each point is determined by one or three or more radar devices.
  • the wind direction and the wind speed may be calculated.
  • FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a radar system 1a according to a modification.
  • the wind direction and the wind speed at each point are calculated based on the so-called dual Doppler method using the two radar devices 10 and 20, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the wind direction and wind speed at each point are calculated based on a so-called simplified VVP (Velocity Volume Processing) method.
  • the simplified VVP method described above is a method obtained by simplifying the VVP method, and is a method capable of calculating the wind direction and the wind speed in a local region (small region, hereinafter, this local region is referred to as a cell). is there.
  • This simplified VVP method is also called a local VAD method. Since the simplified VVP method is a known technique, its detailed description is omitted.
  • the radar system 1a includes a single radar device 10a, a wind speed vector calculation unit 2a, a display image generation unit 3a, and a display 4.
  • the configuration of one radar apparatus 10a is the same as the configuration of each of the radar apparatuses 10 and 20 of the above-described embodiment.
  • the wind speed vector calculation unit 2a and the display image generation unit 3a are different in operation from the wind speed vector calculation unit 2a and the display image generation unit 3a of the above embodiment.
  • a different part from the said embodiment is mainly demonstrated, and description is abbreviate
  • the wind speed vector calculation unit 2a calculates the wind direction and the wind speed of each cell using the Doppler velocities at each of a plurality of points included in each cell, measured by the radar apparatus 10a. Specifically, the wind speed vector calculation unit 2a calculates the Doppler speed Vr at each of a plurality of points in the cell and the horizontal wind speeds u and v (where u is the speed in the east-west direction and v is the speed in the north-south direction). In the meantime, the wind direction and the wind speed of each cell are calculated by using the following equation.
  • ⁇ is an elevation angle
  • ⁇ is an azimuth angle
  • the wind speed vector calculation unit 2a uses the azimuth angle ⁇ i (i is a natural number, and is assigned to each point included in the cell) at a predetermined interval for each elevation angle. to calculate the measured Doppler velocity Vr i.
  • the wind velocity vector calculation unit 2a for example by using a least square method or the like, extracts a predetermined condition is satisfied Vr i of Vr i, coefficients of equation (1) as extracted Vr i is most fit u , V are determined. Thereby, the wind direction and the wind speed in each cell are calculated.
  • the predetermined condition is satisfied Vr i, a Vr i coefficients u, v are spaced wide relative to the formula (1) determined becomes less than a predetermined threshold value. Further, in the following, a sample having a predetermined condition is satisfied Vr i (extracted Vr i as described above), referred to as the reliability calculation target sample.
  • the wind speed vector calculation unit 2 a further includes a reliability calculation unit 6.
  • the reliability calculation unit 6 calculates the reliability of the wind direction and the wind speed calculated for each cell. More specifically, the reliability calculation unit 6 calculates a plurality of reliability (first to fourth reliability) as one of values 1 to 4, and integrates the plurality of reliability to obtain a total reliability. Is calculated as any one of A to D. Each reliability (first to fourth reliability) indicates that the data is highly reliable as the value increases. In addition, the total reliability indicates that the data is highly reliable as it goes from D to A.
  • Reliability calculation unit 6 in order to calculate the first reliability, the number na of the point where the Doppler velocity is calculated, the coefficient described above u, Vr i used to determine v is calculated in each cell
  • the first reliability is calculated based on the number nb of the determined points (that is, the number of reliability calculation target samples). Specifically, the reliability calculation unit 6 determines the first reliability according to the numerical value N1 obtained by dividing nb by na.
  • the reliability calculation unit 6 sets the first reliability to 1 when N1 ⁇ 0.25, sets the first reliability to 2 when 0.25 ⁇ N1 ⁇ 0.5, and sets 0
  • the first reliability is set to 3 when .5 ⁇ N1 ⁇ 0.75, and the first reliability is set to 4 when N1 ⁇ 0.75.
  • the reliability calculation unit 6 calculates the second reliability based on the absolute value of the wind speed in each cell and the error of the wind speed in each cell in order to calculate the second reliability. Specifically, the reliability calculation unit 6 determines the second reliability according to a numerical value N2 calculated for each cell, which is a value N2 obtained by dividing the error of the wind speed by the absolute value of the wind speed. For example, as an example, the reliability calculation unit 6 sets the second reliability to 1 when N2 ⁇ 0.5, sets the second reliability to 2 when 0.4 ⁇ N2 ⁇ 0.5, and sets 0 The second reliability is set to 3 when 3 ⁇ N2 ⁇ 0.4, and the second reliability is set to 4 when N2 ⁇ 0.3.
  • the reliability calculation unit 6 calculates the third reliability based on the absolute value of the wind direction error in each cell in order to calculate the third reliability. For example, as an example, the reliability calculation unit 6 sets the third reliability to 1 when the absolute value N3 of the wind direction error is 45 degrees or more, and the third reliability when N3 is 30 degrees or more and less than 45 degrees. Is set to 2, the third reliability is set to 3 when N3 is 12 degrees or more and less than 30 degrees, and the third reliability is set to 4 when N3 is less than 12 degrees.
  • the reliability calculation unit 6 calculates the fourth reliability based on an angle formed by a straight line connecting the radar position and the center point of each cell and the wind direction calculated corresponding to each cell.
  • the fourth reliability is calculated. For example, as an example, the reliability calculation unit 6 sets the fourth reliability to 1 when the angle N4 is 87.5 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less, and when N4 is 85 degrees or more and less than 87.5 degrees.
  • the fourth reliability is set to 2, the fourth reliability is set to 3 when N4 is 80 degrees or more and less than 85 degrees, and the fourth reliability is set to 4 when N4 is less than 80 degrees.
  • the reliability calculation part 6 calculates a total reliability based on the value of the 4th reliability from the 1st reliability calculated as mentioned above. Specifically, the reliability calculation unit 6 sets the total reliability to A when the total of the first reliability to the fourth reliability is 14 to 16, and sets the total reliability when the total is 10 to 13. When the sum is 6 to 9, the total reliability is C. When the sum is 4 or 5, the total reliability is D. This total reliability is calculated for each wind velocity vector V calculated corresponding to each cell.
  • FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a part of the display screen displayed on the display 4 of the radar system 1a according to the present modification.
  • the total reliability calculated corresponding to each point is displayed in the vicinity of the wind velocity vector V at each point as one of alphabets A, B, C, and D.
  • the user can judge that the direction and the magnitude of the wind speed vector V to which the alphabet A is attached are highly reliable.
  • the user can determine that the direction and the magnitude of the wind speed vector V to which the alphabet D is attached are low in reliability.
  • the wind speed vector V can be calculated by one radar apparatus 10a. Therefore, the configuration of the radar system 1a compared to the case of the radar system 1 according to the above-described embodiment. Can be simplified.
  • the reliability (total reliability) is calculated for each wind speed vector V at each point, and the total reliability is displayed near the wind speed vector V at each point. Thereby, the user can grasp
  • the wind speed vector V is calculated by the simplified VVP method, so that the wind speed vector V can be appropriately calculated.
  • the total reliability obtained by comprehensively evaluating a plurality of reliability levels (first to fourth reliability levels) is calculated, and this total reliability level corresponds to the velocity vector at each point. Is displayed. Thereby, the reliability having higher accuracy can be calculated.
  • the wind speed vector V at each point is calculated by the simplified VVP method. May be calculated.
  • the wind speed vector V may be calculated using the VVP method.
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged view showing a part of the display screen of the radar system according to the modification.
  • the circles drawn corresponding to the respective wind speed vectors V according to the magnitude of the value N1 calculated by the reliability calculation unit 6 of the modification described with reference to FIG. The size of the diameter is determined.
  • the user can determine that the reliability of the wind speed vector V marked with the circle is high if the diameter of the circle is large, while the wind speed marked with the circle is small if the diameter of the circle is small. It can be determined that the reliability of the vector V is low.
  • FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a part of the display screen of the radar system according to the modification.
  • the direction and magnitude of the wind speed that can be taken by each speed vector according to the values of N2 and N3 calculated by the reliability calculation unit 6 of the modification described with reference to FIG. Display as an error bar.
  • the user can grasp
  • FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a part of the display screen of the radar system according to the modification.
  • each wind speed vector V is displayed as a solid line or a dotted line based on the value of N4 calculated by the reliability calculation unit 6 of the modification described with reference to FIG.
  • the wind speed vector V having an N4 value of 87.5 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less is displayed by a dotted line
  • the wind speed vector V having an N4 value of less than 87.5 degrees is a solid line. Is displayed.
  • the user can determine that the magnitude and direction of the wind speed vector V displayed by the solid line is high in reliability, and determines that the reliability of the magnitude and direction of the wind speed vector V displayed in the dotted line is low. it can.
  • FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of a part of the display screen of the radar system according to the modification. As shown in FIG. 12, as a method of displaying the reliability displayed on the display screen, the circle described with reference to FIG. 9, the error bar described with reference to FIG. 10, and the wind speed described with reference to FIG. You may combine with the dotted line display of the vector V.
  • FIG. 12 as a method of displaying the reliability displayed on the display screen, the circle described with reference to FIG. 9, the error bar described with reference to FIG. 10, and the wind speed described with reference to FIG. You may combine with the dotted line display of the vector V.
  • FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a radar system 1b according to a modification.
  • the wind direction and the wind speed at each point are calculated based on the so-called dual Doppler method using the two radar devices 10 and 20, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the wind direction and the wind speed at each point are calculated based on the so-called triple Doppler method.
  • the radar system 1b includes another radar device 30 in addition to the two radar devices 10 and 20 included in the radar system 1b according to the embodiment. That is, the radar system 1b includes three radar devices 10, 20, and 30. As with the other radar devices 10 and 20, the radar device 30 includes an antenna 31, a circulator 32, a transmission waveform generation unit 33, an amplification unit 34, a transmitter 35, a receiver 36, and a bandpass filter 37. , An amplification unit 38 and a signal processing unit 39 are provided. Since the configuration and operation of these components included in the radar device 30 are the same as the components included in the radar devices 10 and 20, description thereof is omitted.
  • the wind direction and the wind speed in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction are calculated.
  • the radar system 1b not only the wind direction and wind speed in the horizontal direction but also the wind direction and wind speed in the vertical direction can be calculated.
  • at least one radar device for example, the radar device 30
  • the radar device 30 is installed at a height position different from that of other radar devices. Thereby, it becomes possible to calculate the wind direction and the wind speed in the vertical direction as described above. Since the triple Doppler method is a known technique, a detailed description thereof is omitted.
  • the error rate of the wind speed vector at each point is displayed on the display unit 4 as the reliability of the wind speed vector calculated corresponding to each point, as in the case of the above embodiment.
  • the wind speed vector V of each point can be grasped

Abstract

[Problem] To provide a radar system that is capable of displaying, on a display device, the reliability of information relating to wind direction and wind speed, which are displayed on the display device. [Solution] A radar system 1 is provided with the following: a wind speed vector calculation unit 2 that, on the basis of a reception signal generated from reflected transmission waves which are transmitted by wave transmission units 11, 21, calculates the wind speed vector at each of multiple points and the wind speed vector distribution thereof; and a display device 4 on which the wind speed vector distribution is displayed. The display device 4 of this radar system 1 also displays the reliability of the wind speed vector.

Description

レーダシステムRadar system
　本発明は、風向及び風速を算出するとともに算出した風向及び風速を表示器に表示させるレーダシステムに関する。 The present invention relates to a radar system that calculates a wind direction and a wind speed and displays the calculated wind direction and a wind speed on a display.
　従来より、所定地域の各地点における風向及び風速の情報を表示する方法として、例えば非特許文献１に開示されるような表示方法が知られている。この非特許文献１で開示される画像では、近畿地方の各地点に矢印が表示されている。そして、この矢印の向きが風の向き（風向）を示すとともに、各矢印の色が風の速さ（風速）に対応している。これにより、ユーザは、近畿地方の各地点における風向及び風速を知ることができる。 Conventionally, for example, a display method as disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1 is known as a method for displaying information on wind direction and wind speed at each point in a predetermined area. In the image disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1, an arrow is displayed at each point in the Kinki region. The direction of the arrow indicates the direction of the wind (wind direction), and the color of each arrow corresponds to the speed of the wind (wind speed). Thereby, the user can know the wind direction and the wind speed at each point in the Kinki region.
　ところで、どのような手法によって風向及び風速を算出する場合であっても、各手法において風向及び風速を算出するために用いられるサンプル点数及び誤差等がデータの信頼性に大きく影響してくる。よって、そのデータの信頼性を知ることは、非常に重要である。しかしながら、上述した非特許文献１の表示画面によれば、地図上の各地点における風向及び風速については知ることができるものの、各地点に表示される風向及び風速の正確さの度合い（以下、本明細書中において、この正確さの度合いを、信頼度と称する場合もある）については、知ることができない。 By the way, no matter what method is used to calculate the wind direction and wind speed, the number of samples and errors used for calculating the wind direction and wind speed in each method greatly affect the reliability of the data. Therefore, it is very important to know the reliability of the data. However, according to the display screen of Non-Patent Document 1 described above, although the wind direction and wind speed at each point on the map can be known, the degree of accuracy of the wind direction and wind speed displayed at each point (hereinafter, this In the specification, this degree of accuracy may be referred to as reliability).
　本発明は、上記課題を解決するためのものであり、その目的は、表示器に表示される風向及び風速に関する情報の信頼度を、表示器に表示可能なレーダシステムを提供することである。 The present invention is for solving the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a radar system capable of displaying the reliability of information on the wind direction and wind speed displayed on the display unit on the display unit.
　（１）上記課題を解決するため、本発明のある局面に係るレーダシステムは、送波部から送波された送信波の反射波から生成される受信信号に基づいて、各地点における風速ベクトル及びその分布である風速ベクトル分布を算出する風速ベクトル算出部と、前記風速ベクトル分布が表示される表示器と、を備えたレーダシステムであって、前記表示器には、前記風速ベクトルの信頼度も表示される。 (1) In order to solve the above problem, a radar system according to an aspect of the present invention is based on a received signal generated from a reflected wave of a transmission wave transmitted from a transmission unit, and a wind speed vector at each point and A radar system comprising a wind speed vector calculation unit for calculating a wind speed vector distribution which is the distribution, and a display for displaying the wind speed vector distribution, wherein the display also has reliability of the wind speed vector. Is displayed.
　（２）好ましくは、前記レーダシステムは、それぞれが前記送波部を有し、各前記送波部が互いに異なる位置に配置される少なくとも２つのレーダ装置を備え、前記風速ベクトル算出部は、各前記レーダ装置によって受波された前記反射波から生成される受信信号に基づいて前記風速ベクトルを算出する。 (2) Preferably, the radar system includes at least two radar devices each having the transmission unit, and the transmission units are arranged at different positions, and the wind speed vector calculation unit includes: The wind speed vector is calculated based on a reception signal generated from the reflected wave received by the radar device.
　（３）更に好ましくは、前記レーダシステムは、前記少なくとも２つのレーダ装置が配置される位置に基づいて決定される、前記各地点における前記風速ベクトルの信頼度の分布である風速ベクトル信頼度分布、を記憶する信頼度分布記憶部、を更に備えている。 (3) More preferably, the radar system is a wind speed vector reliability distribution which is a distribution of the reliability of the wind speed vector at each point, which is determined based on a position where the at least two radar devices are arranged. Is further provided.
　（４）更に好ましくは、前記表示器には、前記風速ベクトル分布に、前記風速ベクトル信頼度分布が重ねて表示される。 (4) More preferably, the wind speed vector reliability distribution is superimposed on the wind speed vector distribution and displayed on the display.
　（５）好ましくは、前記レーダシステムは、デュアルドップラー法を用いて前記風速ベクトルを算出する。 (5) Preferably, the radar system calculates the wind speed vector using a dual Doppler method.
　（６）好ましくは、前記レーダシステムは、それぞれが前記送波部を有し、各前記送波部が互いに異なる位置に配置される少なくとも３つのレーダ装置を備え、トリプルドップラー法を用いて前記風速ベクトルを算出する。 (6) Preferably, the radar system includes at least three radar devices each having the transmission unit, and the transmission units are arranged at different positions, and the wind speed is measured using a triple Doppler method. Calculate the vector.
　（７）好ましくは、前記レーダシステムは、前記送波部を有する１つのレーダ装置を備え、前記風速ベクトル算出部は、前記送波部から送波された送信波の反射波から生成される受信信号に基づいて、前記各地点における前記風速ベクトルを算出する。 (7) Preferably, the radar system includes one radar device having the transmission unit, and the wind speed vector calculation unit is a reception generated from a reflected wave of a transmission wave transmitted from the transmission unit. Based on the signal, the wind speed vector at each point is calculated.
　（８）更に好ましくは、前記レーダシステムは、前記各地点における前記風速ベクトル毎に前記信頼度を算出する信頼度算出部、を更に備え、前記表示器には、前記風速ベクトルに対応して前記信頼度が表示される。 (8) More preferably, the radar system further includes a reliability calculation unit that calculates the reliability for each wind speed vector at each point, and the display unit includes the reliability corresponding to the wind speed vector. The reliability is displayed.
　（９）更に好ましくは、前記風速ベクトル算出部は、簡略化ＶＶＰ法を用いて前記風速ベクトルを算出する。 (9) More preferably, the wind speed vector calculation unit calculates the wind speed vector using a simplified VVP method.
　本発明によれば、表示器に表示される風向及び風速に関する情報の信頼度を算出可能なレーダシステムを提供できる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a radar system capable of calculating the reliability of the information on the wind direction and wind speed displayed on the display.
本発明の実施形態に係る気象レーダシステムのブロック図である。1 is a block diagram of a weather radar system according to an embodiment of the present invention. 図１に示す２つのレーダ装置が配置される位置の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the position where two radar apparatuses shown in FIG. 1 are arrange | positioned. 図１に示す各信号処理部によって算出される風向及び風速を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the wind direction and wind speed which are calculated by each signal processing part shown in FIG. 図１に示す風速ベクトル算出部によって算出された風速ベクトル分布を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the wind speed vector distribution calculated by the wind speed vector calculation part shown in FIG. 図１に示す誤差率分布記憶部に記憶されている誤差率分布の一例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows an example of the error rate distribution memorize | stored in the error rate distribution memory | storage part shown in FIG. 表示画像生成部によって生成される画像であって、表示器に表示される表示画像を示す図である。It is an image produced | generated by the display image production | generation part, Comprising: It is a figure which shows the display image displayed on a display. 変形例に係る気象レーダシステムの表示器に表示される表示画像の一部を拡大して示す図である。It is a figure which expands and shows a part of display image displayed on the indicator of the weather radar system which concerns on a modification. 変形例に係る気象レーダシステムのブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the weather radar system which concerns on a modification. 変形例に係る気象レーダシステムの表示器に表示される表示画面の一部を拡大して示す図である。It is a figure which expands and shows a part of display screen displayed on the indicator of the weather radar system which concerns on a modification. 変形例に係る気象レーダシステムの表示器に表示される表示画面の一部を拡大して示す図である。It is a figure which expands and shows a part of display screen displayed on the indicator of the weather radar system which concerns on a modification. 変形例に係る気象レーダシステムの表示器に表示される表示画面の一部を拡大して示す図である。It is a figure which expands and shows a part of display screen displayed on the indicator of the weather radar system which concerns on a modification. 変形例に係る気象レーダシステムの表示器に表示される表示画面の一部を拡大して示す図である。It is a figure which expands and shows a part of display screen displayed on the indicator of the weather radar system which concerns on a modification. 変形例に係る気象レーダシステムのブロック図である。It is a block diagram of the weather radar system which concerns on a modification.
　以下、本発明を実施するための形態について、図面を参照しつつ説明する。本発明は、風向及び風速を算出するとともに算出した風向及び風速を表示器に表示させる気象レーダシステムとして広く適用することができる。 Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention can be widely applied as a weather radar system that calculates a wind direction and a wind speed and displays the calculated wind direction and wind speed on a display.
　図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る気象レーダシステム１（以下では、単にレーダシステム１と記載する）のブロック図である。また、図２は、図１に示す２つのレーダ装置１０，２０が配置される位置の一例を示す図である。本実施形態に係るレーダシステム１は、所定エリア内の各地点における水平方向の風向及び風速を、互いに離れた位置に配置された２つのレーダ装置１０，２０を用いて算出するように構成されている。本実施形態に係るレーダシステム１では、送信波の周波数と、大気中の降水粒子（雨、雪、あられ、ひょう）に反射して帰来する反射波の周波数との差異に基づいて算出されるドップラー速度を用いて、各地点における風速の向き及び大きさ（すなわち風速ベクトルＶ）が算出される。すなわち、レーダシステム１では、ドップラー速度が観測された地点における風速ベクトルＶが算出される。 FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a weather radar system 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as a radar system 1) according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a position where the two radar apparatuses 10 and 20 illustrated in FIG. 1 are arranged. The radar system 1 according to the present embodiment is configured to calculate the horizontal wind direction and wind speed at each point in a predetermined area using two radar devices 10 and 20 arranged at positions separated from each other. Yes. In the radar system 1 according to the present embodiment, the Doppler is calculated based on the difference between the frequency of the transmission wave and the frequency of the reflected wave that returns after being reflected by precipitation particles (rain, snow, hail, hail) in the atmosphere. Using the speed, the direction and magnitude of the wind speed at each point (that is, the wind speed vector V) is calculated. That is, in the radar system 1, the wind speed vector V at the point where the Doppler speed is observed is calculated.
　レーダシステム１は、図１に示すように、２つのレーダ装置１０，２０と、風速ベクトル算出部２と、表示画像生成部３と、表示器４と、を備えている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the radar system 1 includes two radar devices 10, 20, a wind speed vector calculation unit 2, a display image generation unit 3, and a display 4.
　各レーダ装置１０，２０は、アンテナ１１，２１と、サーキュレータ１２，２２と、送信波形生成部１３，２３と、増幅部１４，２４と、送信機１５，２５と、受信機１６，２６と、バンドパスフィルタ１７，２７と、増幅部１８，２８と、信号処理部１９，２９と、を備えている。各レーダ装置１０，２０は、設置される位置が異なる点を除いて、同じ構成である。よって以下では、レーダ装置１０の構成のみを説明し、レーダ装置２０の構成の説明を省略する。 Each radar device 10, 20 includes antennas 11, 21, circulators 12, 22, transmission waveform generators 13, 23, amplifiers 14, 24, transmitters 15, 25, receivers 16, 26, Band pass filters 17 and 27, amplification units 18 and 28, and signal processing units 19 and 29 are provided. The radar apparatuses 10 and 20 have the same configuration except that the installation positions are different. Therefore, only the configuration of the radar apparatus 10 will be described below, and the description of the configuration of the radar apparatus 20 will be omitted.
　アンテナ１１は、送信波としての電磁波を送波する送波部として設けられているとともに、送信波の反射波を受波する受波部として設けられている。アンテナ１１には、送信機１５から出力された送信信号がサーキュレータ１２を介して入力される。アンテナ１１からは、当該送信信号から生成される送信波が送波される。また、アンテナ１１は、受波した反射波から得られる受信信号を、サーキュレータ１２を介して受信機１６へ出力する。 The antenna 11 is provided as a wave transmission unit that transmits an electromagnetic wave as a transmission wave, and is also provided as a wave reception unit that receives a reflected wave of the transmission wave. A transmission signal output from the transmitter 15 is input to the antenna 11 via the circulator 12. A transmission wave generated from the transmission signal is transmitted from the antenna 11. The antenna 11 outputs a reception signal obtained from the received reflected wave to the receiver 16 via the circulator 12.
　サーキュレータ１２は、送波時には、送信機１５からアンテナ１１に送信信号が送られる接続に切り替える。また、サーキュレータ１２は、受波時には、アンテナ１１によって受波された受信波から得られた受信信号がアンテナ１１から受信機１６へ送られる接続に切り替える。 The circulator 12 switches to a connection in which a transmission signal is transmitted from the transmitter 15 to the antenna 11 during transmission. In addition, the circulator 12 switches to a connection in which a reception signal obtained from a reception wave received by the antenna 11 is sent from the antenna 11 to the receiver 16 at the time of reception.
　送信波形生成部１３は、アンテナ１１から送波される送信波の基となる波形を有する送信信号を生成する。送信波形生成部１３で生成された送信信号は、増幅部１４によって増幅された後、送信機１５及びサーキュレータ１２を介してアンテナ１１へ出力される。 The transmission waveform generation unit 13 generates a transmission signal having a waveform that is the basis of the transmission wave transmitted from the antenna 11. The transmission signal generated by the transmission waveform generation unit 13 is amplified by the amplification unit 14 and then output to the antenna 11 via the transmitter 15 and the circulator 12.
　受信機１６は、アンテナ１１によって受波された受信波から得られた受信信号を、サーキュレータ１２を介して受信する。受信機１６で受信された受信信号は、バンドパスフィルタ１７によってノイズ等の不要な信号が除去され、増幅部１８によって増幅された後、信号処理部１９に出力される。 The receiver 16 receives the received signal obtained from the received wave received by the antenna 11 via the circulator 12. The reception signal received by the receiver 16 is subjected to removal of unnecessary signals such as noise by the band-pass filter 17, amplified by the amplification unit 18, and then output to the signal processing unit 19.
　図３は、信号処理部１９，２９によって算出される、ある地点ｐでの風速ベクトルＶｐ１０，Ｖｐ２０を示す模式図である。 FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing wind speed vectors Vp 10 and Vp 20 at a certain point p calculated by the signal processing units 19 and 29.
　図３を参照して、信号処理部１９によって算出可能な風速ベクトル（風向及び風速）は、対象地点Ｐにおける風速ベクトルＶｐのうちの、当該信号処理部１９が設けられたレー
ダ装置１０と、対象地点Ｐとを結ぶ直線に沿った方向ｄ１０の成分Ｖｐ１０、のみである。一方、信号処理部２９によって算出可能な風速ベクトルは、対象地点Ｐにおける風速ベクトルＶｐのうちの、当該信号処理部２９が設けられたレーダ装置２０と、風向及び風速が算出される対象地点Ｐとを結ぶ直線に沿った方向ｄ２０の成分Ｖｐ２０、のみである。ここで、上述のように、レーダ装置１０とレーダ装置２０とは、互いに対して異なる位置に配置されているため、信号処理部１９によって算出可能な風向と、信号処理部２９によって算出可能な風向とは、その方向が異なる。 Referring to FIG. 3, the wind speed vectors (wind direction and wind speed) that can be calculated by the signal processing unit 19 include the radar device 10 provided with the signal processing unit 19 among the wind speed vectors Vp at the target point P, and the target. Only the component Vp 10 in the direction d 10 along the straight line connecting the point P. On the other hand, the wind speed vector that can be calculated by the signal processing unit 29 includes the radar device 20 provided with the signal processing unit 29 among the wind speed vectors Vp at the target point P, and the target point P where the wind direction and the wind speed are calculated. Only the component Vp 20 in the direction d 20 along the straight line connecting. Here, as described above, since the radar apparatus 10 and the radar apparatus 20 are arranged at different positions with respect to each other, the wind direction that can be calculated by the signal processing unit 19 and the wind direction that can be calculated by the signal processing unit 29. The direction is different.
　図３を参照して、風速ベクトル算出部２は、レーダ装置１０の信号処理部１９で算出された風速ベクトルＶｐ１０と、レーダ装置２０の信号処理部２９で算出された風速ベクトルＶｐ２０に基づき、対象地点Ｐの風速ベクトルＶｐを算出する。具体的には、風速ベクトル算出部２は、ベクトルＶｐ１０とベクトルＶｐ２０とを合成することにより、対象地点Ｐの風速ベクトルＶｐを算出する。なお、ここで説明した風速ベクトルＶｐの算出手法は、デュアルドップラー法と呼ばれる手法である。 Referring to FIG. 3, the wind speed vector calculation unit 2 is based on the wind speed vector Vp 10 calculated by the signal processing unit 19 of the radar device 10 and the wind speed vector Vp 20 calculated by the signal processing unit 29 of the radar device 20. The wind speed vector Vp at the target point P is calculated. Specifically, the wind speed vector calculation unit 2 calculates the wind speed vector Vp of the target point P by combining the vector Vp 10 and the vector Vp 20 . The method for calculating the wind speed vector Vp described here is a method called a dual Doppler method.
　図４は、風速ベクトル算出部２によって算出された風速ベクトル分布ＶＭを示す図である。風速ベクトル算出部２は、上述したベクトル合成処理を、ドップラー速度が観測された各地点について行うことにより、各地点における風速ベクトルＶの分布である風速ベクトル分布ＶＭを生成する。この風速ベクトル分布ＶＭにおいては、風速の向きが、図４に示す矢印の向きに対応し、風速の大きさが、図４に示す矢印の長さに対応している。 FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the wind speed vector distribution VM calculated by the wind speed vector calculation unit 2. The wind speed vector calculation unit 2 generates the wind speed vector distribution VM, which is the distribution of the wind speed vector V at each point, by performing the above-described vector synthesis process for each point where the Doppler velocity is observed. In this wind speed vector distribution VM, the direction of the wind speed corresponds to the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. 4, and the magnitude of the wind speed corresponds to the length of the arrow shown in FIG.
　図５は、表示画像生成部３の誤差率分布記憶部５（信頼度分布記憶部）に記憶されている誤差率分布ＥＭ（信頼度分布）の一例を示す図である。また、図６は、表示画像生成部３によって生成される画像であって、表示器４に表示される表示画像を示す図である。 FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of the error rate distribution EM (reliability distribution) stored in the error rate distribution storage unit 5 (reliability distribution storage unit) of the display image generation unit 3. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an image generated by the display image generating unit 3 and displayed on the display device 4.
　本実施形態に係るレーダシステム１では、図３を用いて上述したデュアルドップラー法を用いて、各地点の風速ベクトルＶを算出している。一方、デュアルドップラー法を用いて各地点の風速を算出する場合、２つのレーダ装置１０，２０に対する風速算出対象地点の位置によって、その地点における風速の誤差の大小が決まる。図５を参照して説明すると、図５においてドットの密度が高い領域Ｚａは速度誤差率が小さく、ドットの密度が低い領域Ｚｃは速度誤差率が大きい。すなわち、領域Ｚａに含まれる地点の速度ベクトルは、信頼度が高く、領域Ｚｃに含まれる地点の速度ベクトルは、信頼度が低い。具体的には、本実施形態では、領域Ｚａに含まれる地点の速度ベクトルの速度誤差率は３０％未満であり、領域Ｚｂに含まれる地点の速度ベクトルの速度誤差率は３０％以上５０％未満であり、領域Ｚｃに含まれる地点の速度ベクトルの速度誤差率は５０％以上である。本実施形態に係るレーダシステム１の場合、互いに異なる位置に設置された２つのレーダ装置１０，２０が設置される位置によって決定する速度誤差率の分布が、誤差率分布ＥＭとして誤差率分布記憶部５に記憶されている。なお、ここで例示した各領域Ｚａ，Ｚｂ，Ｚｃに含まれる地点の速度誤差率の範囲（３０％以上５０％未満、等）は、あくまで一例であり、それ以外の範囲であってもよい。 In the radar system 1 according to the present embodiment, the wind speed vector V at each point is calculated using the dual Doppler method described above with reference to FIG. On the other hand, when the wind speed at each point is calculated using the dual Doppler method, the magnitude of the wind speed error at that point is determined by the position of the wind speed calculation target point with respect to the two radar devices 10 and 20. Referring to FIG. 5, in FIG. 5, a region Za having a high dot density has a small velocity error rate, and a region Zc having a low dot density has a large velocity error rate. That is, the speed vector at the point included in the region Za has high reliability, and the speed vector at the point included in the region Zc has low reliability. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the speed error rate of the speed vector at the point included in the region Za is less than 30%, and the speed error rate of the speed vector at the point included in the region Zb is 30% or more and less than 50%. The speed error rate of the speed vector at the points included in the region Zc is 50% or more. In the case of the radar system 1 according to the present embodiment, the distribution of speed error rates determined by the positions where the two radar devices 10 and 20 installed at different positions are installed as the error rate distribution EM as an error rate distribution storage unit. 5 is stored. Note that the speed error rate ranges (30% to less than 50%, etc.) of the points included in each of the regions Za, Zb, and Zc illustrated here are merely examples, and other ranges may be used.
　表示画像生成部３は、図６に示すように、風速ベクトル算出部２によって生成された風速ベクトル分布ＶＭと、誤差率分布記憶部５に記憶されている誤差率分布ＥＭとが重ねられた画像を生成する。具体的には、表示画像生成部３は、風速ベクトル分布ＶＭにおいて各レーダ装置１０，２０が設置されている位置と、誤差率分布ＥＭにおける２つのレーダ装置１０，２０の位置とが一致するように、風速ベクトル分布ＶＭと誤差率分布ＥＭとが重ねられた画像を生成する。表示器４には、当該画像が表示される。これにより、ユーザは、当該表示画面を見て、各地点における風速の誤差率を、一目で把握することができる。例えば、図６を参照して、地点Ｐ１は、誤差率分布ＥＭにおける風速の誤差率が３０％以内の領域Ｚａに含まれているため、当該地点Ｐ１の風速の誤差は、３０％以内であると
推測できる。具体的には、地点Ｐ１における風速が１０ｍ／ｓであるとすると、当該地点Ｐ１の風速は、７～１３ｍ／ｓの範囲内であると推測できる。一方、地点Ｐ２は、誤差率分布ＥＭにおける風速の誤差率が５０％以上の領域Ｚｃに含まれているため、当該地点Ｐ２の風速の誤差は、５０％以上であると推測できる。 As shown in FIG. 6, the display image generation unit 3 is an image in which the wind speed vector distribution VM generated by the wind speed vector calculation unit 2 and the error rate distribution EM stored in the error rate distribution storage unit 5 are superimposed. Is generated. Specifically, the display image generation unit 3 causes the positions where the radar apparatuses 10 and 20 are installed in the wind speed vector distribution VM and the positions of the two radar apparatuses 10 and 20 in the error rate distribution EM match. In addition, an image in which the wind speed vector distribution VM and the error rate distribution EM are superimposed is generated. The display 4 displays the image. Thereby, the user can grasp | ascertain the error rate of the wind speed in each point at a glance by seeing the said display screen. For example, referring to FIG. 6, since the point P1 is included in the region Za where the error rate of the wind speed in the error rate distribution EM is within 30%, the error of the wind speed at the point P1 is within 30%. Can be guessed. Specifically, if the wind speed at the point P1 is 10 m / s, it can be estimated that the wind speed at the point P1 is in the range of 7 to 13 m / s. On the other hand, since the point P2 is included in the region Zc where the error rate of the wind speed in the error rate distribution EM is 50% or more, it can be estimated that the error of the wind speed at the point P2 is 50% or more.
　［効果］
　以上のように、本実施形態に係るレーダシステム１によれば、ドップラー速度が観測される各地点の風速ベクトルＶの誤差率が、各地点に対応して算出された風速ベクトルＶの信頼度として表示器４に表示される。これにより、ユーザは、各地点に対応して算出された風速ベクトルＶの正確さの度合（すなわち、風速ベクトルＶの信頼度）を知ることができるため、各地点の風速ベクトルＶをより正確に把握することができる。 [effect]
As described above, according to the radar system 1 according to the present embodiment, the error rate of the wind speed vector V at each point where the Doppler velocity is observed is the reliability of the wind speed vector V calculated corresponding to each point. Displayed on the display 4. Thereby, since the user can know the degree of accuracy of the wind speed vector V calculated corresponding to each point (that is, the reliability of the wind speed vector V), the wind speed vector V at each point can be more accurately determined. I can grasp it.
　従って、レーダシステム１によれば、表示器４に表示される風速ベクトルＶの誤差率（信頼度）を、表示器４に表示可能なレーダシステムを提供できる。 Therefore, according to the radar system 1, it is possible to provide a radar system that can display the error rate (reliability) of the wind speed vector V displayed on the display 4 on the display 4.
　また、レーダシステム１によれば、互いに異なる位置に配置された２つのレーダ装置１０，２０によって風速ベクトルＶを算出している。こうすると、例えば本実施形態のように、ドップラー速度を利用して風速ベクトルＶを算出することができるため、各地点における風速ベクトルＶを適切に算出することができる。 Further, according to the radar system 1, the wind speed vector V is calculated by the two radar devices 10 and 20 arranged at different positions. Thus, for example, as in the present embodiment, the wind speed vector V can be calculated using the Doppler speed, and therefore the wind speed vector V at each point can be appropriately calculated.
　また、レーダシステム１によれば、２つのレーダ装置が配置される位置に基づいて決定される、各地点における風速の誤差率の分布である誤差率分布ＥＭ、が記憶されている。すなわち、レーダシステム１によれば、各地点において算出された風速ベクトルＶのそれぞれについて風速の誤差率を算出する必要がない。よって、レーダシステム１によれば、各地点における風速の誤差率を算出するための演算負荷を小さくすることができる。 Further, according to the radar system 1, the error rate distribution EM, which is a distribution of the error rate of the wind speed at each point, determined based on the position where the two radar devices are arranged is stored. That is, according to the radar system 1, it is not necessary to calculate the error rate of the wind speed for each of the wind speed vectors V calculated at each point. Therefore, according to the radar system 1, the calculation load for calculating the error rate of the wind speed at each point can be reduced.
　また、レーダシステム１によれば、風速ベクトル分布ＶＭと誤差率分布ＥＭとが重ねて表示される。これにより、ユーザは、各地点での風速ベクトルＶが実際にどの程度の範囲内に収まっているかを、容易に推測することができる。 Further, according to the radar system 1, the wind speed vector distribution VM and the error rate distribution EM are displayed in an overlapping manner. Thereby, the user can easily estimate how much the wind speed vector V at each point actually falls within the range.
　また、レーダシステム１によれば、各地点での風速ベクトルＶが、いわゆるデュアルドップラー法に基づいて算出されるため、各地点での風速ベクトルＶを適切に算出することができる。 Further, according to the radar system 1, since the wind speed vector V at each point is calculated based on the so-called dual Doppler method, the wind speed vector V at each point can be appropriately calculated.
　［変形例］
　以上、本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない限りにおいて種々の変更が可能である。 [Modification]
As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these, A various change is possible unless it deviates from the meaning of this invention.
　（１）上記実施形態に係るレーダシステム１では、風速の誤差率（信頼度）のみが表示されたが、これに限らず、風向の信頼度のみが表示されてもよく、或いは、風速の信頼度及び風向の信頼度の双方が表示されてもよい。 (1) In the radar system 1 according to the above-described embodiment, only the error rate (reliability) of the wind speed is displayed, but not limited to this, only the reliability of the wind direction may be displayed, or the reliability of the wind speed. Both the degree and the reliability of the wind direction may be displayed.
　（２）図７は、変形例に係るレーダシステムの表示器に表示される表示画像の一部を拡大して示す図である。上記実施形態に係るレーダシステム１では、信頼度として風速の誤差率分布ＥＭが表示されたが、これに限らず、その他の信頼度が表示されてもよい。具体的には、図７を参照して、例えば、各地点での風速の誤差率がその大きさに応じて（例えばＡ～Ｄに）ランク分けされ、そのＡ～Ｄのアルファベットが、各地点に表示された風速ベクトルＶの矢印付近に表示されてもよい。 (2) FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a part of the display image displayed on the display of the radar system according to the modification. In the radar system 1 according to the embodiment, the error rate distribution EM of the wind speed is displayed as the reliability. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and other reliability may be displayed. Specifically, referring to FIG. 7, for example, the error rate of the wind speed at each point is ranked according to the magnitude (for example, A to D), and the alphabets A to D are May be displayed in the vicinity of the arrow of the wind speed vector V displayed in FIG.
　（３）上記実施形態に係るレーダシステム１では、風速ベクトル分布ＶＭと誤差率分布
ＥＭとを重ねて表示したが、これに限らず、風速ベクトル分布ＶＭと誤差率分布ＥＭとを、表示器４において別々に表示してもよい。或いは、例えば一例として、ユーザが風速ベクトル分布ＶＭにおいて所望の地点の風速ベクトルを選択すると、当該地点の速度ベクトルの風速の誤差率が表示されるような構成であってもよい。 (3) In the radar system 1 according to the above-described embodiment, the wind speed vector distribution VM and the error rate distribution EM are displayed so as to overlap each other. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the wind speed vector distribution VM and the error rate distribution EM are displayed on the display 4. May be displayed separately. Alternatively, for example, when the user selects a wind speed vector at a desired point in the wind speed vector distribution VM, for example, the configuration may be such that the wind speed error rate of the speed vector at the point is displayed.
　（４）上記実施形態に係るレーダシステム１では、２つのレーダ装置１０，２０を用いて各地点の風向及び風速を算出したが、これに限らず、１又は３以上のレーダ装置によって、各地点の風向及び風速を算出してもよい。 (4) In the radar system 1 according to the above-described embodiment, the wind direction and the wind speed at each point are calculated using the two radar devices 10 and 20. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and each point is determined by one or three or more radar devices. The wind direction and the wind speed may be calculated.
　（５）図８は、変形例に係るレーダシステム１ａの構成を示すブロック図である。上記実施形態に係るレーダシステム１では、２つのレーダ装置１０，２０を用いて、いわゆるデュアルドップラー法に基づいて各地点の風向及び風速を算出したが、これに限らない。以下で詳しく説明するレーダシステム１ａでは、いわゆる簡略化ＶＶＰ（Velocity Volume Processing）法に基づいて、各地点の風向及び風速を算出する。 (5) FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a radar system 1a according to a modification. In the radar system 1 according to the above embodiment, the wind direction and the wind speed at each point are calculated based on the so-called dual Doppler method using the two radar devices 10 and 20, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the radar system 1a described in detail below, the wind direction and wind speed at each point are calculated based on a so-called simplified VVP (Velocity Volume Processing) method.
　なお、上述した簡略化ＶＶＰ法とは、ＶＶＰ法を簡略化した手法であって、局所域（小領域、以下では、この局所域を、セルと称する）における風向及び風速を算出可能な手法である。この簡略化ＶＶＰ法は、局所ＶＡＤ法とも呼ばれる手法である。簡略化ＶＶＰ法については、公知の技術であるため、その詳細な説明を省略する。 The simplified VVP method described above is a method obtained by simplifying the VVP method, and is a method capable of calculating the wind direction and the wind speed in a local region (small region, hereinafter, this local region is referred to as a cell). is there. This simplified VVP method is also called a local VAD method. Since the simplified VVP method is a known technique, its detailed description is omitted.
　レーダシステム１ａは、図８に示すように、１台のレーダ装置１０ａと、風速ベクトル算出部２ａと、表示画像生成部３ａと、表示器４と、を備えている。１台のレーダ装置１０ａの構成は、上述した実施形態の各レーダ装置１０，２０の構成と同様である。一方、風速ベクトル算出部２ａ及び表示画像生成部３ａは、上記実施形態の風速ベクトル算出部２ａ及び表示画像生成部３ａとは、その動作が異なる。以下では、上記実施形態と異なる部分について主に説明し、その他の部分については、説明を省略する。 As shown in FIG. 8, the radar system 1a includes a single radar device 10a, a wind speed vector calculation unit 2a, a display image generation unit 3a, and a display 4. The configuration of one radar apparatus 10a is the same as the configuration of each of the radar apparatuses 10 and 20 of the above-described embodiment. On the other hand, the wind speed vector calculation unit 2a and the display image generation unit 3a are different in operation from the wind speed vector calculation unit 2a and the display image generation unit 3a of the above embodiment. Below, a different part from the said embodiment is mainly demonstrated, and description is abbreviate | omitted about another part.
　風速ベクトル算出部２ａは、レーダ装置１０ａによって計測された、各セルに含まれる複数地点のそれぞれでのドップラー速度、を用いて、各セルの風向及び風速を算出する。具体的には、風速ベクトル算出部２ａは、セル内の複数地点のそれぞれでのドップラー速度Ｖｒと、風の水平速度ｕ，ｖ（ｕは東西方向の速度、ｖは南北方向の速度）との間に、以下の式が成り立つことを利用して、各セルの風向及び風速を算出する。 The wind speed vector calculation unit 2a calculates the wind direction and the wind speed of each cell using the Doppler velocities at each of a plurality of points included in each cell, measured by the radar apparatus 10a. Specifically, the wind speed vector calculation unit 2a calculates the Doppler speed Vr at each of a plurality of points in the cell and the horizontal wind speeds u and v (where u is the speed in the east-west direction and v is the speed in the north-south direction). In the meantime, the wind direction and the wind speed of each cell are calculated by using the following equation.
　［数１］
　Ｖｒ＝ｕ・ｃｏｓθｓｉｎφ＋ｖ・ｃｏｓθｃｏｓφ　…（１） [Equation 1]
Vr = u · cos θ sin φ + v · cos θ cos φ (1)
　但し、θは仰角、φは方位角、である。 However, θ is an elevation angle, and φ is an azimuth angle.
　本実施形態の場合、風速ベクトル算出部２ａは、それぞれの仰角について、所定間隔の方位角φｉ（ｉは自然数であって、セル内に含まれる各地点に対応して付される数）で測定したドップラー速度Ｖｒｉを算出する。そして、風速ベクトル算出部２ａは、例えば最小二乗法等を用いて、Ｖｒｉのうち所定条件を満たすＶｒｉを抽出し、抽出されたＶｒｉが最もフィットするように式（１）の係数ｕ，ｖを決定する。これにより、各セルにおける風向及び風速が算出される。なお、所定条件を満たすＶｒｉとは、係数ｕ，ｖが決定された式（１）に対する離間幅が所定の閾値未満となっているＶｒｉである。また、以下では、所定条件を満たすＶｒｉ（上述のように抽出されたＶｒｉ）を有するサンプルを、信頼度算出対象サンプルと称する。 In the case of the present embodiment, the wind speed vector calculation unit 2a uses the azimuth angle φ i (i is a natural number, and is assigned to each point included in the cell) at a predetermined interval for each elevation angle. to calculate the measured Doppler velocity Vr i. The wind velocity vector calculation unit 2a, for example by using a least square method or the like, extracts a predetermined condition is satisfied Vr i of Vr i, coefficients of equation (1) as extracted Vr i is most fit u , V are determined. Thereby, the wind direction and the wind speed in each cell are calculated. The predetermined condition is satisfied Vr i, a Vr i coefficients u, v are spaced wide relative to the formula (1) determined becomes less than a predetermined threshold value. Further, in the following, a sample having a predetermined condition is satisfied Vr i (extracted Vr i as described above), referred to as the reliability calculation target sample.
　また、風速ベクトル算出部２ａは、信頼度算出部６を更に備えている。信頼度算出部６は、以下で詳しく説明するようにして、各セルに対応して算出された風向及び風速の信頼
度を算出する。やや詳しくは、信頼度算出部６は、複数の信頼度（第１から第４の信頼度）を１から４のいずれかの値として算出し、これら複数の信頼度を統合して総合信頼度をＡからＤのいずれかとして算出する。各信頼度（第１から第４の信頼度）では、その値が大きくなるにつれて信頼性が高いデータであることが示される。また、総合信頼度では、ＤからＡへ行くにつれて信頼性が高いデータであることが示される。 The wind speed vector calculation unit 2 a further includes a reliability calculation unit 6. As described in detail below, the reliability calculation unit 6 calculates the reliability of the wind direction and the wind speed calculated for each cell. More specifically, the reliability calculation unit 6 calculates a plurality of reliability (first to fourth reliability) as one of values 1 to 4, and integrates the plurality of reliability to obtain a total reliability. Is calculated as any one of A to D. Each reliability (first to fourth reliability) indicates that the data is highly reliable as the value increases. In addition, the total reliability indicates that the data is highly reliable as it goes from D to A.
　信頼度算出部６は、第１信頼度を算出するために、各セルにおいてドップラー速度が算出された地点の数ｎａと、上述した係数ｕ，ｖを決定するために用いられたＶｒｉが算出された地点の数ｎｂ（すなわち、信頼度算出対象サンプルの数）と、に基づいて、第１信頼度を算出する。具体的には、信頼度算出部６は、ｎｂをｎａで除した値Ｎ１の数値に応じて、第１信頼度を決定する。例えば一例として、信頼度算出部６は、Ｎ１<０．２５の場合には第１信頼度を１とし、０．２５≦Ｎ１＜０．５の場合には第１信頼度を２とし、０．５≦Ｎ１＜０．７５の場合には第１信頼度を３とし、Ｎ１≧０．７５の場合には第１信頼度を４とする。 Reliability calculation unit 6, in order to calculate the first reliability, the number na of the point where the Doppler velocity is calculated, the coefficient described above u, Vr i used to determine v is calculated in each cell The first reliability is calculated based on the number nb of the determined points (that is, the number of reliability calculation target samples). Specifically, the reliability calculation unit 6 determines the first reliability according to the numerical value N1 obtained by dividing nb by na. For example, as an example, the reliability calculation unit 6 sets the first reliability to 1 when N1 <0.25, sets the first reliability to 2 when 0.25 ≦ N1 <0.5, and sets 0 The first reliability is set to 3 when .5 ≦ N1 <0.75, and the first reliability is set to 4 when N1 ≧ 0.75.
　また、信頼度算出部６は、第２信頼度を算出するために、各セルにおける風速の絶対値と、各セルにおける風速の誤差と、に基づいて、第２信頼度を算出する。具体的には、信頼度算出部６は、セル毎に算出される、風速の誤差を風速の絶対値で除した値Ｎ２、の数値に応じて、第２信頼度を決定する。例えば一例として、信頼度算出部６は、Ｎ２≧０．５の場合には第２信頼度を１とし、０．４≦Ｎ２＜０．５の場合には第２信頼度を２とし、０．３≦Ｎ２＜０．４の場合には第２信頼度を３とし、Ｎ２≦０．３の場合には、第２信頼度を４とする。 Further, the reliability calculation unit 6 calculates the second reliability based on the absolute value of the wind speed in each cell and the error of the wind speed in each cell in order to calculate the second reliability. Specifically, the reliability calculation unit 6 determines the second reliability according to a numerical value N2 calculated for each cell, which is a value N2 obtained by dividing the error of the wind speed by the absolute value of the wind speed. For example, as an example, the reliability calculation unit 6 sets the second reliability to 1 when N2 ≧ 0.5, sets the second reliability to 2 when 0.4 ≦ N2 <0.5, and sets 0 The second reliability is set to 3 when 3 ≦ N2 <0.4, and the second reliability is set to 4 when N2 ≦ 0.3.
　また、信頼度算出部６は、第３信頼度を算出するために、各セルにおける風向誤差の絶対値に基づいて、第３信頼度を算出する。例えば一例として、信頼度算出部６は、上記風向誤差の絶対値Ｎ３が４５度以上の場合には第３信頼度を１とし、Ｎ３が３０度以上４５度未満の場合には第３信頼度を２とし、Ｎ３が１２度以上３０度未満の場合には第３信頼度を３とし、Ｎ３が１２度未満の場合には第３信頼度を４とする。 Also, the reliability calculation unit 6 calculates the third reliability based on the absolute value of the wind direction error in each cell in order to calculate the third reliability. For example, as an example, the reliability calculation unit 6 sets the third reliability to 1 when the absolute value N3 of the wind direction error is 45 degrees or more, and the third reliability when N3 is 30 degrees or more and less than 45 degrees. Is set to 2, the third reliability is set to 3 when N3 is 12 degrees or more and less than 30 degrees, and the third reliability is set to 4 when N3 is less than 12 degrees.
　また、信頼度算出部６は、第４信頼度を算出するために、レーダ位置と各セルの中心点とを結ぶ直線と、各セルに対応して算出された風向とがなす角度に基づいて、第４信頼度を算出する。例えば一例として、信頼度算出部６は、上記角度Ｎ４が８７．５度以上且つ９０度以下の場合には第４信頼度を１とし、Ｎ４が８５度以上且つ８７．５度未満の場合には第４信頼度を２とし、Ｎ４が８０度以上且つ８５度未満の場合には第４信頼度を３とし、Ｎ４が８０度未満の場合には第４信頼度を４とする。 Further, the reliability calculation unit 6 calculates the fourth reliability based on an angle formed by a straight line connecting the radar position and the center point of each cell and the wind direction calculated corresponding to each cell. The fourth reliability is calculated. For example, as an example, the reliability calculation unit 6 sets the fourth reliability to 1 when the angle N4 is 87.5 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less, and when N4 is 85 degrees or more and less than 87.5 degrees. The fourth reliability is set to 2, the fourth reliability is set to 3 when N4 is 80 degrees or more and less than 85 degrees, and the fourth reliability is set to 4 when N4 is less than 80 degrees.
　そして、信頼度算出部６は、上述のようにして算出した第１信頼度から第４信頼度の値に基づいて、総合信頼度を算出する。具体的には、信頼度算出部６は、第１信頼度から第４信頼度の合計が１４から１６の場合には総合信頼度をＡとし、前記合計が１０から１３の場合には総合信頼度をＢとし、前記合計が６から９の場合には総合信頼度をＣとし、前記合計が４又は５の場合には総合信頼度をＤとする。この総合信頼度は、各セルに対応して算出された風速ベクトルＶのそれぞれに対して、算出される。 And the reliability calculation part 6 calculates a total reliability based on the value of the 4th reliability from the 1st reliability calculated as mentioned above. Specifically, the reliability calculation unit 6 sets the total reliability to A when the total of the first reliability to the fourth reliability is 14 to 16, and sets the total reliability when the total is 10 to 13. When the sum is 6 to 9, the total reliability is C. When the sum is 4 or 5, the total reliability is D. This total reliability is calculated for each wind velocity vector V calculated corresponding to each cell.
　図７は、本変形例に係るレーダシステム１ａの表示器４に表示される表示画面の一部を拡大して示す図である。本変形例に係るレーダシステム１ａでは、各地点に対応して算出された総合信頼度が、Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄのいずれかのアルファベットとして、各地点の風速ベクトルＶ付近に表示される。これにより、ユーザは、Ａのアルファベットが付されている風速ベクトルＶの向き及び大きさについては、信頼性が高いと判断できる。一方、ユーザは、Ｄのアルファベットが付されている風速ベクトルＶの向き及び大きさについては、信頼性が低いと判断できる。 FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a part of the display screen displayed on the display 4 of the radar system 1a according to the present modification. In the radar system 1a according to this modification, the total reliability calculated corresponding to each point is displayed in the vicinity of the wind velocity vector V at each point as one of alphabets A, B, C, and D. Thereby, the user can judge that the direction and the magnitude of the wind speed vector V to which the alphabet A is attached are highly reliable. On the other hand, the user can determine that the direction and the magnitude of the wind speed vector V to which the alphabet D is attached are low in reliability.
　以上のように、本変形例に係るレーダシステム１ａによれば、１つのレーダ装置１０ａによって風速ベクトルＶを算出することができるため、上記実施形態に係るレーダシステム１の場合と比べて、その構成を簡略化することができる。 As described above, according to the radar system 1a according to the present modification, the wind speed vector V can be calculated by one radar apparatus 10a. Therefore, the configuration of the radar system 1a compared to the case of the radar system 1 according to the above-described embodiment. Can be simplified.
　また、レーダシステム１ａによれば、各地点での風速ベクトルＶ毎に信頼度（総合信頼度）が算出され、それらの総合信頼度が各地点での風速ベクトルＶ付近に表示される。これにより、ユーザは、各地点での風速ベクトルＶの信頼度を容易に把握することができる。 Further, according to the radar system 1a, the reliability (total reliability) is calculated for each wind speed vector V at each point, and the total reliability is displayed near the wind speed vector V at each point. Thereby, the user can grasp | ascertain easily the reliability of the wind speed vector V in each point.
　また、レーダシステム１ａによれば、簡略化ＶＶＰ法によって風速ベクトルＶが算出されるため、風速ベクトルＶを適切に算出することができる。 Further, according to the radar system 1a, the wind speed vector V is calculated by the simplified VVP method, so that the wind speed vector V can be appropriately calculated.
　また、レーダシステム１ａによれば、複数の信頼度（第１から第４の信頼度）を総合的に評価した総合信頼度が算出され、この総合信頼度が各地点の速度ベクトルに対応して表示される。これにより、より高い確度を有する信頼度を算出することができる。 Further, according to the radar system 1a, the total reliability obtained by comprehensively evaluating a plurality of reliability levels (first to fourth reliability levels) is calculated, and this total reliability level corresponds to the velocity vector at each point. Is displayed. Thereby, the reliability having higher accuracy can be calculated.
　（６）図８を用いて説明した変形例に係るレーダシステム１ａによれば、各地点における風速ベクトルＶを、簡略化ＶＶＰ法によって算出したが、これに限らず、その他の手法によって風速ベクトルＶを算出してもよい。例えば一例として、ＶＶＰ法を用いて風速ベクトルＶを算出してもよい。 (6) According to the radar system 1 a according to the modification described with reference to FIG. 8, the wind speed vector V at each point is calculated by the simplified VVP method. May be calculated. For example, as an example, the wind speed vector V may be calculated using the VVP method.
　（７）図９は、変形例に係るレーダシステムの表示画面の一部を拡大して示す図である。本変形例に係るレーダシステムでは、図８を用いて説明した変形例の信頼度算出部６が算出した値Ｎ１の大きさに応じて、各風速ベクトルＶに対応して描画された丸印の径の大きさが決定される。これにより、ユーザは、丸印の径が大きければ、当該丸印が付された風速ベクトルＶの信頼度が高いと判断できる一方、丸印の径が小さければ、当該丸印が付された風速ベクトルＶの信頼度が低いと判断できる。 (7) FIG. 9 is an enlarged view showing a part of the display screen of the radar system according to the modification. In the radar system according to this modification, the circles drawn corresponding to the respective wind speed vectors V according to the magnitude of the value N1 calculated by the reliability calculation unit 6 of the modification described with reference to FIG. The size of the diameter is determined. Thus, the user can determine that the reliability of the wind speed vector V marked with the circle is high if the diameter of the circle is large, while the wind speed marked with the circle is small if the diameter of the circle is small. It can be determined that the reliability of the vector V is low.
　（８）図１０は、変形例に係るレーダシステムの表示画面の一部を拡大して示す図である。本変形例に係るレーダシステムでは、図８を用いて説明した変形例の信頼度算出部６が算出したＮ２及びＮ３の値に応じて、各速度ベクトルがとり得る風速の向き及び大きさを、エラーバーとして表示する。これにより、ユーザは、各風速ベクトルＶの誤差をエラーバーによって直接的に把握することができる。 (8) FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a part of the display screen of the radar system according to the modification. In the radar system according to this modification, the direction and magnitude of the wind speed that can be taken by each speed vector according to the values of N2 and N3 calculated by the reliability calculation unit 6 of the modification described with reference to FIG. Display as an error bar. Thereby, the user can grasp | ascertain directly the error of each wind speed vector V with an error bar.
　（９）図１１は、変形例に係るレーダシステムの表示画面の一部を拡大して示す図である。本変形例に係るレーダシステムでは、図８を用いて説明した変形例の信頼度算出部６が算出したＮ４の値に基づいて、各風速ベクトルＶを実線表示又は点線表示する。具体的には、例えば一例として、Ｎ４の値が８７．５度以上且つ９０度以下となる風速ベクトルＶは点線で表示され、Ｎ４の値が８７．５度未満となる風速ベクトルＶは実線で表示される。これにより、ユーザは、実線で表示された風速ベクトルＶの大きさ及び向きについては信頼性が高いと判断でき、点線で表示された風速ベクトルＶの大きさ及び向きについては信頼性が低いと判断できる。 (9) FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of a part of the display screen of the radar system according to the modification. In the radar system according to the present modification, each wind speed vector V is displayed as a solid line or a dotted line based on the value of N4 calculated by the reliability calculation unit 6 of the modification described with reference to FIG. Specifically, for example, as an example, the wind speed vector V having an N4 value of 87.5 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less is displayed by a dotted line, and the wind speed vector V having an N4 value of less than 87.5 degrees is a solid line. Is displayed. Thereby, the user can determine that the magnitude and direction of the wind speed vector V displayed by the solid line is high in reliability, and determines that the reliability of the magnitude and direction of the wind speed vector V displayed in the dotted line is low. it can.
　（１０）図１２は、変形例に係るレーダシステムの表示画面の一部を拡大して示す図である。図１２に示すように、表示画面に表示される信頼度の表示方法として、図９を用いて説明した丸印と、図１０を用いて説明したエラーバーと、図１１を用いて説明した風速ベクトルＶの点線表示とを組み合わせてもよい。 (10) FIG. 12 is an enlarged view of a part of the display screen of the radar system according to the modification. As shown in FIG. 12, as a method of displaying the reliability displayed on the display screen, the circle described with reference to FIG. 9, the error bar described with reference to FIG. 10, and the wind speed described with reference to FIG. You may combine with the dotted line display of the vector V. FIG.
　（１１）図１３は、変形例に係るレーダシステム１ｂのブロック図である。上記実施形
態に係るレーダシステム１では、２つのレーダ装置１０，２０を用いて、いわゆるデュアルドップラー法に基づいて各地点の風向及び風速を算出したが、これに限らない。レーダシステム１ｂでは、いわゆるトリプルドップラー法に基づいて、各地点の風向及び風速が算出される。 (11) FIG. 13 is a block diagram of a radar system 1b according to a modification. In the radar system 1 according to the above embodiment, the wind direction and the wind speed at each point are calculated based on the so-called dual Doppler method using the two radar devices 10 and 20, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the radar system 1b, the wind direction and the wind speed at each point are calculated based on the so-called triple Doppler method.
　レーダシステム１ｂは、上記実施形態に係るレーダシステム１ｂが備える２つのレーダ装置１０，２０の他に、もう１つのレーダ装置３０を備えている。すなわち、レーダシステム１ｂは、３つのレーダ装置１０，２０，３０を備えている。レーダ装置３０は、他のレーダ装置１０，２０と同様、アンテナ３１と、サーキュレータ３２と、送信波形生成部３３と、増幅部３４と、送信機３５と、受信機３６と、バンドパスフィルタ３７と、増幅部３８と、信号処理部３９と、を備えている。レーダ装置３０が備えるこれらの構成要素の構成及び動作は、レーダ装置１０，２０が備える各構成要素と同じであるため、その説明を省略する。 The radar system 1b includes another radar device 30 in addition to the two radar devices 10 and 20 included in the radar system 1b according to the embodiment. That is, the radar system 1b includes three radar devices 10, 20, and 30. As with the other radar devices 10 and 20, the radar device 30 includes an antenna 31, a circulator 32, a transmission waveform generation unit 33, an amplification unit 34, a transmitter 35, a receiver 36, and a bandpass filter 37. , An amplification unit 38 and a signal processing unit 39 are provided. Since the configuration and operation of these components included in the radar device 30 are the same as the components included in the radar devices 10 and 20, description thereof is omitted.
　そして、レーダシステム１ｂでは、３つのレーダ装置１０，２０，３０を用いたトリプルドップラー法を用いることにより、水平方向及び鉛直方向の風向及び風速（すなわち、３次元空間における風速ベクトル）が算出される。このように、レーダシステム１ｂによれば、水平方向における風向及び風速だけでなく、鉛直方向における風向及び風速も算出できる。レーダシステム１ｂでは、少なくとも１つのレーダ装置（例えば、レーダ装置３０）が、他のレーダ装置と異なる高さ位置に設置されている。これにより、上述のような鉛直方向における風向及び風速を算出することが可能となる。なお、トリプルドップラー法は公知の技術であるため、その詳細な説明を省略する。 In the radar system 1b, by using the triple Doppler method using the three radar devices 10, 20, and 30, the wind direction and the wind speed in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction (that is, the wind speed vector in the three-dimensional space) are calculated. . Thus, according to the radar system 1b, not only the wind direction and wind speed in the horizontal direction but also the wind direction and wind speed in the vertical direction can be calculated. In the radar system 1b, at least one radar device (for example, the radar device 30) is installed at a height position different from that of other radar devices. Thereby, it becomes possible to calculate the wind direction and the wind speed in the vertical direction as described above. Since the triple Doppler method is a known technique, a detailed description thereof is omitted.
　そして、レーダシステム１ｂでも、上記実施形態の場合と同様、各地点の風速ベクトルの誤差率が、各地点に対応して算出された風速ベクトルの信頼度として表示器４に表示される。これにより、上記実施形態の場合と同様、各地点の風速ベクトルＶをより正確に把握することができる。 Also in the radar system 1b, the error rate of the wind speed vector at each point is displayed on the display unit 4 as the reliability of the wind speed vector calculated corresponding to each point, as in the case of the above embodiment. Thereby, like the case of the said embodiment, the wind speed vector V of each point can be grasped | ascertained more correctly.
　１，１ａ，１ｂ　レーダシステム
　２，２ａ　　　　風速ベクトル算出部
　４　　　　　　　表示器 1, 1a, 1b Radar system 2, 2a Wind speed vector calculation unit 4 Display

Claims (9)

  1. 　送波部から送波された送信波の反射波から生成される受信信号に基づいて、各地点における風速ベクトル及びその分布である風速ベクトル分布を算出する風速ベクトル算出部と、前記風速ベクトル分布が表示される表示器と、を備えたレーダシステムであって、
    　前記表示器には、前記風速ベクトルの信頼度も表示されることを特徴とする、レーダシステム。     Based on the reception signal generated from the reflected wave of the transmission wave transmitted from the transmission unit, the wind speed vector calculation unit that calculates the wind speed vector at each point and the wind speed vector distribution that is the distribution thereof, and the wind speed vector distribution is A radar system comprising: an indicator to be displayed;
    The radar system according to claim 1, wherein the wind speed vector reliability is also displayed on the display.
  2. 　請求項１に記載のレーダシステムであって、
    　それぞれが前記送波部を有し、各前記送波部が互いに異なる位置に配置される少なくとも２つのレーダ装置を備え、
    　前記風速ベクトル算出部は、各前記レーダ装置によって受波された前記反射波から生成される受信信号に基づいて前記風速ベクトルを算出することを特徴とする、レーダシステム。     The radar system according to claim 1,
    Each having the transmission unit, each of the transmission units comprises at least two radar devices disposed at different positions;
    The radar system according to claim 1, wherein the wind speed vector calculation unit calculates the wind speed vector based on a reception signal generated from the reflected wave received by each radar device.
  3. 　請求項２に記載のレーダシステムであって、
    　前記少なくとも２つのレーダ装置が配置される位置に基づいて決定される、前記各地点における前記風速ベクトルの信頼度の分布である風速ベクトル信頼度分布、を記憶する信頼度分布記憶部、を更に備えていることを特徴とする、レーダシステム。     The radar system according to claim 2,
    A reliability distribution storage unit that stores a wind speed vector reliability distribution, which is a distribution of reliability of the wind speed vector at each point, determined based on positions where the at least two radar devices are disposed; A radar system characterized by
  4. 　請求項３に記載のレーダシステムであって、
    　前記表示器には、前記風速ベクトル分布に、前記風速ベクトル信頼度分布が重ねて表示されることを特徴とする、レーダシステム。     The radar system according to claim 3,
    The radar system according to claim 1, wherein the wind speed vector reliability distribution is superimposed on the wind speed vector distribution and displayed on the display.
  5. 　請求項２から請求項４のいずれか１項に記載のレーダシステムであって、デュアルドップラー法を用いて前記風速ベクトルを算出することを特徴とする、レーダシステム。 The radar system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the wind velocity vector is calculated using a dual Doppler method.
  6. 　請求項２から請求項４のいずれか１項に記載のレーダシステムであって、
    　それぞれが前記送波部を有し、各前記送波部が互いに異なる位置に配置される少なくとも３つのレーダ装置を備え、
    　トリプルドップラー法を用いて前記風速ベクトルを算出することを特徴とする、レーダシステム。     The radar system according to any one of claims 2 to 4,
    Each having the transmission section, each of the transmission sections comprises at least three radar devices arranged at different positions;
    A radar system, wherein the wind speed vector is calculated using a triple Doppler method.
  7. 　請求項１に記載のレーダシステムであって、
    　前記送波部を有する１つのレーダ装置を備え、
    　前記風速ベクトル算出部は、前記送波部から送波された送信波の反射波から生成される受信信号に基づいて、前記各地点における前記風速ベクトルを算出することを特徴とする、レーダシステム。     The radar system according to claim 1,
    Comprising one radar device having the transmission section;
    The radar system according to claim 1, wherein the wind speed vector calculation unit calculates the wind speed vector at each point based on a reception signal generated from a reflected wave of a transmission wave transmitted from the transmission unit.
  8. 　請求項７に記載のレーダシステムであって、
    　前記各地点における前記風速ベクトル毎に前記信頼度を算出する信頼度算出部、を更に備え、
    　前記表示器には、前記風速ベクトルに対応して前記信頼度が表示されることを特徴とする、レーダシステム。     The radar system according to claim 7,
    A reliability calculation unit that calculates the reliability for each wind speed vector at each point;
    The radar system according to claim 1, wherein the reliability is displayed on the display unit corresponding to the wind speed vector.
  9. 　請求項８に記載のレーダシステムであって、
    　前記風速ベクトル算出部は、簡略化ＶＶＰ法を用いて前記風速ベクトルを算出することを特徴とする、レーダシステム。     The radar system according to claim 8,
    The radar system according to claim 1, wherein the wind velocity vector calculation unit calculates the wind velocity vector using a simplified VVP method.
PCT/JP2016/057282 2015-04-16 2016-03-09 Radar system WO2016167054A1 (en)

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JP7431377B1 (en) 2023-08-29 2024-02-14 株式会社日立パワーソリューションズ Wind condition observation equipment placement support device and wind condition observation equipment placement support method

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