WO2016165203A1 - 一种快速消毒方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种快速消毒方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016165203A1
WO2016165203A1 PCT/CN2015/080949 CN2015080949W WO2016165203A1 WO 2016165203 A1 WO2016165203 A1 WO 2016165203A1 CN 2015080949 W CN2015080949 W CN 2015080949W WO 2016165203 A1 WO2016165203 A1 WO 2016165203A1
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Prior art keywords
ultraviolet
light source
ultraviolet light
shape
vessel
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PCT/CN2015/080949
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English (en)
French (fr)
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何志明
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何志明
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Publication of WO2016165203A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016165203A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L2/00—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor
    • A61L2/02—Methods or apparatus for disinfecting or sterilising materials or objects other than foodstuffs or contact lenses; Accessories therefor using physical phenomena
    • A61L2/08—Radiation
    • A61L2/10—Ultra-violet radiation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of disinfection technology, in particular to a rapid disinfection method and device.
  • Existing disinfection methods include electric heating disinfection, infrared disinfection and ultraviolet disinfection. Among them, heating disinfection or infrared heating disinfection needs to be heated-insulated-cooled, the whole cycle is up to 2-3h, and the disinfection temperature of heating disinfection or infrared heating disinfection is about 120 °C, which can not kill high temperature resistant microorganisms, and the disinfection is not thorough. .
  • UV disinfection is broad-spectrum, can kill a variety of microorganisms including spores, can also kill and remove many algae, and UV disinfection efficiency, speed, better than conventional heating, infrared disinfection.
  • the disinfection cabinet on the market is said to be UV-sterilizable. Since the ultraviolet light cannot penetrate the disinfection vessel, the area directly disinfected by ultraviolet light is very limited, and the ultraviolet disinfection function cannot be truly realized. UV disinfection is also involved in the prior art, as follows:
  • the patent document of the publication No. CN 103623440 A discloses a method for manufacturing a solar ultraviolet sterilization and disinfection cupboard, in particular, the sealing material behind the cupboard, on both sides and above is used to transmit sunlight.
  • the medium is made of ultraviolet light, so that the solar ultraviolet disinfection cupboard can use the ultraviolet light of the sun to disinfect the tableware well in the cupboard.
  • the sterilizing utensils used are ordinary tableware, and the ultraviolet rays cannot penetrate the sterilizing utensils, and the area directly sterilized by ultraviolet rays is still very limited, and the purpose of rapid and thorough disinfection cannot be achieved.
  • the publication number is CN 103720192A, which discloses a UVLED disinfection cup comprising a cup body, a cup cover, a UVLED light source mounted on the inner wall of the water cup facing the inside of the cup body, and the UVLED light source external fixed cover has a high permeability. UV waterproof cover. In this way, the ultraviolet rays can be sterilized through the waterproof cover for the purpose of protecting the UVLED light source.
  • the publication number is CN 102210877, which discloses a disinfection cabinet having an ultraviolet disinfection function.
  • the contrast document is provided with a UV-permeable cover, the object to be sterilized is still made of ordinary materials.
  • the ultraviolet rays cannot penetrate the container, and the area to be directly sterilized by ultraviolet rays is very limited, and a heat dissipation slit is disposed at a certain distance between the walls of the comparison document, and the purpose is to protect the ultraviolet light source.
  • the present invention is innovatively made by changing the sterilizing vessel and the supporting mechanism for supporting the fixed sterilizing vessel to other materials, and the prior art is not related.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a disinfecting method capable of both rapid disinfection and thorough disinfection under the conditions of small volume, low cost and low energy consumption.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a disinfecting device which is simple in structure, can be quickly disinfected and thoroughly disinfected under the conditions of small volume, low cost and low energy consumption.
  • the present invention provides a rapid disinfection method comprising:
  • the sterilizing device is provided with an ultraviolet light source of 200-280 nm and a supporting mechanism, and the vessel to be sterilized and/or the article is placed on the supporting mechanism, wherein
  • the sterilized vessel and/or the supporting mechanism is made of a material that transmits ultraviolet rays of 200-280 nm, and the ultraviolet transmittance of the material of 1 mm thick and transparent to 200-280 nm is ⁇ 60%;
  • the ultraviolet light source illuminates the vessel to be sterilized and/or the article from at least two directions, wherein the ultraviolet light source is an ultraviolet lamp or an ultraviolet LED, and the ultraviolet radiation power per unit area of the ultraviolet light source is ⁇ 20 mW/cm 2 , and the ultraviolet light source is ultraviolet. Conversion efficiency ⁇ 30%.
  • the material that transmits ultraviolet light of 200-280 nm is one or a combination of quartz glass, high boron glass, and high purity alumina;
  • the silica content of the quartz glass is greater than 99.5%
  • the borosilicate glass has a silica content of ⁇ 60% and a boron oxide content of ⁇ 10%;
  • the high purity alumina has a content of alumina of ⁇ 98%.
  • the ultraviolet light source is one or a combination of a U shape, a ⁇ shape, a ⁇ shape, an N shape, an M shape, and a circular ring shape;
  • the tube current density of the ultraviolet lamp is 0.3-1.2 A/cm 2 .
  • the present invention also provides a rapid disinfection device comprising a sterilization chamber, wherein the sterilization chamber is provided with an ultraviolet light source and a support mechanism for placing a vessel and/or an article to be disinfected, the ultraviolet light source Installed in different positions of the sterilization chamber, the ultraviolet light source is irradiated from at least two directions to be disinfected Utensils and/or items;
  • the ultraviolet light source is an ultraviolet lamp or an ultraviolet LED, the ultraviolet radiation power per unit area of the ultraviolet light source is ⁇ 20 mW/cm 2 , and the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet light source is ⁇ 30%;
  • the vessel to be sterilized and/or the supporting mechanism is made of a material that transmits ultraviolet rays of 200-280 nm, and the material having a thickness of 1 mm thick and transparent to 200-280 nm has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 60%.
  • the support mechanism is configured to be movable up and down and/or rotatable; the ultraviolet light source is disposed at or near an angled line of the sterilization chamber.
  • the material that transmits ultraviolet light of 200-280 nm is one or a combination of quartz glass, high boron glass, and high purity alumina;
  • the silica content of the quartz glass is greater than 99.5%
  • the borosilicate glass has a silica content of ⁇ 60% and a boron oxide content of ⁇ 10%;
  • the high purity alumina has a content of alumina of ⁇ 98%.
  • the ultraviolet light source is one or a combination of a U shape, a ⁇ shape, a ⁇ shape, an N shape, an M shape, and a circular ring shape;
  • the tube current density of the ultraviolet lamp is 0.3-1.2 A/cm 2 .
  • the quick sterilizing device further comprises one or more of an indicator light, an ultraviolet indicating window, and a timing controller;
  • the indicator light is connected to the ultraviolet light source for indicating an operating state of the ultraviolet light source
  • the ultraviolet indication window is configured to observe an operating state of the ultraviolet light source
  • the timing controller is coupled to the ultraviolet light source for controlling the operating time of the ultraviolet light source.
  • the ultraviolet indicating window is a glass that is transparent to ultraviolet light and transparent to visible light;
  • the disinfecting chamber is further provided with a fluorescent substance that can be excited by ultraviolet light, and the visible light generated by the fluorescent substance passes through the indication window for determining the working state of the ultraviolet LED.
  • the inner surface of the disinfecting chamber is provided with an ultraviolet reflective layer, and the ultraviolet reflective layer is made of polished aluminum, polished stainless steel or magnesium oxide;
  • the outer surface of the rapid disinfection device is made of a material that is less permeable to ultraviolet light or has an ultraviolet transmission of less than 1%.
  • the invention provides a rapid disinfection method and device.
  • the disinfection device has a built-in 200-280 nm ultraviolet light source, and the ultraviolet light source illuminates the area to be disinfected from at least two directions, so that multiple directions can be irradiated with ultraviolet light, and the ultraviolet light can be reduced. Irradiation or blind spots with weak UV illumination speed up the disinfection.
  • the sterilizing vessel is made of a material that transmits ultraviolet light of 200-280 nm.
  • the ultraviolet ray can penetrate the sterilizing utensils or articles, and the disinfection is thorough enough. Even if the sterilizing utensils or articles are stacked, the ultraviolet ray can be sufficiently irradiated to reduce the ultraviolet ray or ultraviolet illuminance. A weak blind zone that truly achieves UV disinfection.
  • the support mechanism is also made of a material that transmits 200-280 nm ultraviolet rays to ensure that the ultraviolet rays are not blocked, and can directly penetrate the sterilizing vessels or sterilizing vessels placed on the support frame and the articles therein, so that the disinfection is more thorough and sufficient.
  • the bottom of the ultraviolet light source is lower than the support mechanism, which can achieve all-round illumination and disinfection, and is fast and thorough.
  • the invention simultaneously controls the ultraviolet radiation power per unit area of the ultraviolet light source to be ⁇ 20mW/cm 2 , the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet light source is ⁇ 30%, and the tube current density of the ultraviolet lamp is ⁇ 0.3A/cm 2 , and the cooperation of the above factors can be ensured.
  • the UV conversion efficiency can be maximized, the disinfection effect can be improved, and the disinfection can be quickly disinfected, the disinfection time can be shortened to 5s, and the disinfection can be thoroughly disinfected.
  • an ultraviolet reflective layer is disposed in the cavity of the disinfecting device to avoid ultraviolet loss and enhance ultraviolet irradiation in the cavity, thereby improving the disinfecting effect.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a first embodiment of the sterilizer of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a second embodiment of the sterilizer of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a third embodiment of the sterilizer of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of a fourth embodiment of the sterilizer of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of a fifth embodiment of the sterilizer of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of a sixth embodiment of the sterilizer of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of a seventh embodiment of the sterilizer of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the structure of an eighth embodiment of the sterilizer of the present invention.
  • the disinfecting object of the present invention may be a separate sterilizing vessel, a sterilizing vessel and a liquid permeable to ultraviolet rays, or a surface of the sterilizing vessel and the object placed in the sterilizing vessel.
  • the sterilizing vessel includes a wine glass (such as a wine glass, a white wine glass), a water cup, a bowl, a chopstick, a spoon, a spoon, a dish, a dinner plate, a watch glass, a medical sterilization box, a disinfection tray, and the like, but is not limited thereto.
  • the sterilizing vessel includes a liquid container such as a water cup, a drink cup, a wine glass, and the like, and the ultraviolet permeable liquid includes water, tea, juice, beverage, etc., but is not limited thereto.
  • the sterilizing vessel includes a dish, a plate, a watch glass, etc., and the objects placed in the sterilizing vessel include meat, fish, seafood, fruits, vegetables, and the like, but Not limited to this.
  • the present invention provides a rapid disinfection method comprising:
  • the sterilizing device is provided with an ultraviolet light source of 200-280 nm and a supporting mechanism, and the vessel to be sterilized and/or the article is placed on the supporting mechanism, wherein
  • the sterilized vessel and/or the supporting mechanism is made of a material that transmits ultraviolet rays of 200-280 nm, and the ultraviolet transmittance of the material of 1 mm thick and transparent to 200-280 nm is ⁇ 60%;
  • the ultraviolet light source illuminates the vessel to be sterilized and/or the article from at least two directions, wherein the ultraviolet light source is an ultraviolet lamp or an ultraviolet LED, and the ultraviolet radiation power per unit area of the ultraviolet light source is ⁇ 20 mW/cm 2 , and the ultraviolet light source is ultraviolet.
  • the conversion efficiency is ⁇ 30%, and the tube current density of the ultraviolet lamp is ⁇ 0.3 A/cm 2 .
  • the ultraviolet light source illuminates the vessel to be sterilized and/or the article from at least two directions to make the ultraviolet irradiance area of the cavity or the area to be disinfected uniform.
  • Ultraviolet rays kill microorganisms mainly by radiation damage to microorganisms (bacteria, viruses, spores and other pathogens) and the function of destroying nucleic acids, thereby achieving the purpose of disinfection.
  • the ultraviolet bactericidal effect is determined by the dose of ultraviolet radiation accepted by the microorganisms. At the same time, it is also affected by factors such as ultraviolet output power, radiation intensity and time of use. As the lamp ages, it will lose 20%-30% of the radiation. strength.
  • the ultraviolet dose (measured at a wavelength of 253.7 nm, the same below) of killing 90% of the bacteria is 5 mJ/cm 2 (mW ⁇ s/cm 2 ); the ultraviolet dose of killing 99% of the bacteria is 15 mJ/cm. 2 ; For most microorganisms, a radiation dose of 40 mJ/cm 2 can achieve a killing effect of 99.9%.
  • the ultraviolet irradiation time in the cavity is shortened to ⁇ 3min, such as 5s, 10s, 20s, 30s, 60s, and the ultraviolet radiation power per unit area of the ultraviolet light source is required to be ⁇ 20mW/cm 2 , the ultraviolet radiation of the cavity or the area to be disinfected is high, and the disinfection time is shortened under the premise of ensuring the ultraviolet dose, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid disinfection.
  • the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of 200-280 nm is required to be ⁇ 30%.
  • the ultraviolet light source may be an ultraviolet LED or an ultraviolet lamp.
  • the ultraviolet light source adopts the ultraviolet LED
  • the chip with high power density of 200-280 nm ultraviolet radiation and high ultraviolet conversion efficiency should be selected.
  • the advantage of using ultraviolet LED is that the arrangement of the light source is flexible and convenient, and there is no pollution problem caused by the breakage of the ultraviolet lamp.
  • the ultraviolet lamp is preferably a low-pressure high-intensity ultraviolet lamp to increase the ultraviolet radiation of the cavity or the area to be disinfected.
  • the tube current density of the ultraviolet lamp is ⁇ 0.3 A/cm 2 , preferably 0.3-1.2 A/cm 2
  • the ultraviolet radiation power is ⁇ 20 mW/cm 2
  • the ultraviolet radiation illuminance in the cavity or the area to be disinfected is ⁇ 1.5 mW/cm 2 .
  • the tube current density can be selected separately: 0.4A / cm 2, 0.6A / cm 2, 0.8A / cm 2, 1.0A / cm 2, 1.1A / cm 2, in order to meet within the cavity or area to be disinfected ultraviolet radiation
  • the illuminance is ⁇ 2.0 mW/cm 2 , 3.0 mW/cm 2 , 5.0 mW/cm 2 , 10 mW/cm 2 , and 20 mW/cm 2 .
  • Another advantage of choosing a tube with a high current density is the same UV lamp power, which is small in size and low in cost, which is good for placement.
  • the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet lamp is significantly reduced, and generally no value of 1.2 A/cm 2 or more is selected.
  • the present invention simultaneously controls the ultraviolet radiation power per unit area of the ultraviolet light source ⁇ 20 mW/cm 2 , the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet light source is ⁇ 30%, and the tube current density of the ultraviolet lamp is ⁇ 0.3 A/cm 2 , and the synergistic effect of the above factors is utilized. It can ensure that the UV conversion efficiency can be maximized and the disinfection effect can be improved under the conditions of small volume, low cost and low energy consumption.
  • the UV illuminance value in the cavity or the area to be disinfected in addition to increasing the tube current density of the UV lamp, it can also be realized by increasing the power of the UV lamp.
  • the power of the UV lamp Generally, two or four 10W-60W ultraviolet lamps can be selected, and the total power is 20 -240W, the power is too large, the size of the lamp is large, which is not conducive to placement, and also raises the temperature inside the sterilization chamber, which is unfavorable for some situations where it is not desired to heat up the disinfection, such as surface disinfection of sashimi, Heating will destroy the taste.
  • the ultraviolet lamp may have a shape of one or a combination of a U shape, a ⁇ shape, a ⁇ shape, an N shape, an M shape, and a circular shape, but is not limited thereto.
  • the ultraviolet light source is disposed at an angle close to or adjacent to the inner wall of the sterilization chamber to make the ultraviolet radiation area of the cavity or the area to be disinfected uniform.
  • the angle line in the sterilization chamber includes four parallel cabinet door angle lines or four vertical cabinet door angle lines.
  • the ultraviolet disinfection layer may be disposed on the inner wall of the ultraviolet disinfection chamber to make the ultraviolet illuminance uniform in the ultraviolet irradiance area of the cavity or the area to be disinfected, and fully utilize the ultraviolet energy. It is also possible to provide a photocatalyst layer on the inner wall for decomposing organic substances which cannot be decomposed by ultraviolet rays, and to eliminate odors and harmful gases.
  • the ultraviolet rays can be penetrated, leaving no dead spots that cannot be disinfected or disinfected thoroughly; at the same time, the multi-layered disinfection vessels can be simultaneously disinfected.
  • the sterilization vessels and support mechanisms are all permeable to 200-280 nm. Made of UV materials. The setting of the supporting mechanism increases the bottom of the item to be sterilized, so that the bottom can obtain sufficient ultraviolet irradiation to eliminate the blind spot of disinfection.
  • the material that transmits ultraviolet light of 200-280 nm is one or a combination of quartz glass, high boron glass or high purity alumina, and the ultraviolet transmittance of the material of 1 mm thick and transparent to 200-280 nm ultraviolet rays is ⁇ 60%, and the ultraviolet transmittance is The higher the better, such as ⁇ 65%, ⁇ 70%, ⁇ 75%, ⁇ 80%, ⁇ 85%.
  • the ultraviolet ray can penetrate the sterilizing utensils, and the disinfection is completely sufficient.
  • the sterilizing vessels are stacked, they can be sufficiently irradiated by ultraviolet rays, thereby reducing the blind zone which cannot be irradiated by ultraviolet rays or ultraviolet illuminance, and the ultraviolet disinfection function is truly realized.
  • the quartz glass may be selected from any of the following embodiments: the silica content of the quartz glass is greater than 99.5%, the ultraviolet transmittance of the quartz glass of 1 mm thick is ⁇ 88%; the silica content of the quartz glass is greater than 99.9%, 1mm thick quartz glass has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 90%; quartz glass has a silica content of more than 99.95%, and 1mm thick of the above quartz glass has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 92%; quartz glass silica The content of the quartz glass having a content of more than 99.99% and a thickness of 1 mm is ⁇ 93%; the silica content of the quartz glass is greater than 99.995%; the ultraviolet transmittance of the quartz glass of 1 mm thick is ⁇ 94%; The silica content is greater than 99.999%, and the above-mentioned quartz glass having a thickness of 1 mm has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 95%.
  • the borosilicate glass may be selected from any of the following embodiments: the borosilicate glass has a silica content of ⁇ 60% and the boron oxide content ⁇ 10%, wherein the 1 mm thick borosilicate glass has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 70%.
  • the high-purity alumina refers to an alumina material having a content of more than 98% of aluminum oxide, which may be selected from any of the following embodiments: the alumina content of the high-purity alumina is ⁇ 98.5%, and the above-mentioned height of 1 mm is high.
  • the ultraviolet transmittance of pure alumina is ⁇ 86%; the content of alumina of high-purity alumina is ⁇ 99%, the ultraviolet transmittance of the above-mentioned high-purity alumina of 1 mm thick is ⁇ 88%; the oxidation of high-purity alumina is oxidized
  • the aluminum content of ⁇ 99.9%, the high-purity alumina of 1 mm thick has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 92%.
  • the present invention also provides a rapid disinfection device comprising a sterilization chamber 1 in which an ultraviolet light source 2 and a support mechanism 4 are provided, the support mechanism 4 for placing the container 3 to be disinfected and/or Or an item, the ultraviolet light source 2 is mounted at different positions of the sterilization chamber 1, and the ultraviolet light source 2 illuminates the container 3 to be sterilized and/or articles from at least two directions.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 is an ultraviolet lamp or an ultraviolet LED
  • the ultraviolet radiation power per unit area of the ultraviolet light source 2 is ⁇ 20 mW/cm 2
  • the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet light source is ⁇ 30%
  • the vessel to be sterilized 3 and the supporting mechanism 4 are both Made of a material that transmits 200-280 nm ultraviolet light, the UV transmittance of a material with a thickness of 1 mm and a thickness of 200-280 nm is ⁇ 60%.
  • the ultraviolet irradiation time in the cavity is shortened to ⁇ 3 min, such as 5 s, 10 s, 20 s, 30 s, 60 s, and an ultraviolet light source is required.
  • the ultraviolet radiation power per unit area is ⁇ 20mW/cm 2 , so that the ultraviolet radiation of the cavity or the area to be disinfected is high, and the disinfection time is shortened under the premise of ensuring the ultraviolet dose, so as to achieve the purpose of rapid disinfection.
  • the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of 200-280 nm is required to be ⁇ 30%.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 may be an ultraviolet LED or an ultraviolet lamp.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 adopts an ultraviolet LED
  • a chip with a high power density of 200-280 nm ultraviolet radiation and high ultraviolet conversion efficiency should be selected.
  • the advantage of using ultraviolet LED is that the arrangement of the light source is flexible and convenient, and there is no pollution problem caused by the breakage of the ultraviolet lamp.
  • the ultraviolet lamp is preferably a low-pressure high-intensity ultraviolet lamp to increase the ultraviolet radiation of the cavity or the area to be disinfected.
  • the tube current density of the ultraviolet lamp is ⁇ 0.3 A/cm 2 , preferably 0.3-1.2 A/cm 2
  • the ultraviolet radiation power is ⁇ 20 mW/cm 2
  • the ultraviolet radiation illuminance in the cavity or the area to be disinfected is ⁇ 1.5 mW/cm 2 .
  • the tube current density can be selected separately: 0.4A / cm 2, 0.6A / cm 2, 0.8A / cm 2, 1.0A / cm 2, 1.1A / cm 2, in order to meet within the cavity or area to be disinfected ultraviolet radiation
  • the illuminance is ⁇ 2.0 mW/cm 2 , 3.0 mW/cm 2 , 5.0 mW/cm 2 , 10 mW/cm 2 , and 20 mW/cm 2 .
  • Another advantage of choosing a tube with a high current density is the same UV lamp power, which is small in size and low in cost, which is good for placement.
  • the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet lamp is significantly reduced, and generally no value of 1.2 A/cm 2 or more is selected.
  • the present invention simultaneously controls the ultraviolet radiation power per unit area of the ultraviolet light source ⁇ 20 mW/cm 2 , the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet light source is ⁇ 30%, and the tube current density of the ultraviolet lamp is ⁇ 0.3 A/cm 2 , and the synergistic effect of the above factors is utilized. It can ensure that the UV conversion efficiency can be maximized and the disinfection effect can be improved under the conditions of small volume, low cost and low energy consumption.
  • the UV illuminance value in the cavity or the area to be disinfected in addition to increasing the tube current density of the UV lamp, it can also be realized by increasing the power of the UV lamp.
  • the power of the UV lamp Generally, two or four 10W-60W ultraviolet lamps can be selected, and the total power is 20 -240W, the power is too large, the size of the lamp is large, which is not conducive to placement, and also raises the temperature inside the sterilization chamber. It is unfavorable for some situations where it is not desired to heat up the disinfection. For example, the surface of the sashimi is disinfected, and the temperature rise will destroy the taste.
  • the ultraviolet rays can be penetrated, leaving no dead spots that cannot be disinfected or disinfected thoroughly; at the same time, the multi-layered disinfection vessels can be simultaneously disinfected.
  • the sterilization vessels and support mechanisms are all permeable to 200-280 nm. Made of UV materials. The setting of the supporting mechanism increases the bottom of the item to be sterilized, so that the bottom can obtain sufficient ultraviolet irradiation to eliminate the blind spot of disinfection.
  • the material that transmits ultraviolet light of 200-280 nm is one or a combination of quartz glass, high boron glass or high purity alumina, and the ultraviolet transmittance of the material of 1 mm thick and transparent to 200-280 nm ultraviolet rays is ⁇ 60%, and the ultraviolet transmittance is The higher the better, such as ⁇ 65%, ⁇ 70%, ⁇ 75%, ⁇ 80%, ⁇ 85%.
  • the ultraviolet ray can penetrate the sterilizing utensils, and the disinfection is completely sufficient.
  • the sterilizing vessels are stacked, they can be sufficiently irradiated by ultraviolet rays, thereby reducing the blind zone which cannot be irradiated by ultraviolet rays or ultraviolet illuminance, and the ultraviolet disinfection function is truly realized.
  • the quartz glass may be selected from any of the following embodiments: the silica content of the quartz glass is greater than 99.5%, the ultraviolet transmittance of the quartz glass of 1 mm thick is ⁇ 88%; the silica content of the quartz glass is greater than 99.9%, 1mm thick quartz glass has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 90%; quartz glass has a silica content of more than 99.95%, and 1mm thick of the above quartz glass has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 92%; quartz glass silica The content of the quartz glass having a content of more than 99.99% and a thickness of 1 mm is ⁇ 93%; the silica content of the quartz glass is greater than 99.995%; the ultraviolet transmittance of the quartz glass of 1 mm thick is ⁇ 94%; The silicon oxide content is greater than 99.999%, and the ultraviolet transmittance of the above quartz glass of 1 mm thick ⁇ 95%.
  • the borosilicate glass may be selected from any of the following embodiments: the borosilicate glass has a silica content of ⁇ 60% and the boron oxide content ⁇ 10%, wherein the 1 mm thick borosilicate glass has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 70%.
  • the high-boron glass has a silica content of ⁇ 65% and a boron oxide content of ⁇ 12%.
  • the ultraviolet transmittance of the above-mentioned high-boron glass of 1 mm thick is ⁇ 75%; the silica content of the high-boron glass is ⁇ 70%, and oxidation
  • the above-mentioned high boron glass having a boron content of ⁇ 15% and a thickness of 1 mm has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 80%.
  • the high-purity alumina refers to an alumina material having a content of more than 98% of aluminum oxide, which may be selected from any of the following embodiments: the alumina content of the high-purity alumina is ⁇ 98.5%, and the above-mentioned height of 1 mm is high.
  • the ultraviolet transmittance of pure alumina is ⁇ 86%; the content of alumina of high-purity alumina is ⁇ 99%, the ultraviolet transmittance of the above-mentioned high-purity alumina of 1 mm thick is ⁇ 88%; the oxidation of high-purity alumina is oxidized
  • the aluminum content of ⁇ 99.9%, the high-purity alumina of 1 mm thick has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 92%.
  • the support mechanism 4 is arranged to be movable up and down and/or rotatable to sterilize the vessel 3 to be sterilized and/or the article more fully.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 may have a shape of one or a combination of a U shape, a ⁇ shape, a ⁇ shape, an N shape, an M shape, and a circular shape, but is not limited thereto.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 is disposed at or near the inner corner of the sterilization chamber 1 to make the ultraviolet irradiance area of the cavity or the area to be disinfected uniform.
  • the angle line in the sterilization chamber 1 includes four parallel cabinet door angle lines or four vertical cabinet door angle lines.
  • the inner surface of the sterilization chamber 1 is provided with an ultraviolet reflective layer made of polished aluminum, polished stainless steel or magnesia, which is beneficial for enhancing the reflection of ultraviolet rays on the surface of the inner cavity, avoiding ultraviolet loss and improving the disinfection effect. It is also beneficial to uniform ultraviolet light in the cavity or in the area to be disinfected. More preferably, the inner wall of the sterilization chamber 1 is provided with a photocatalyst layer for decomposing organic substances which cannot be decomposed by ultraviolet rays, and eliminating odor and harmful gases.
  • the outer surface of the rapid disinfection device is made of a material that is less permeable to ultraviolet light or has an ultraviolet transmittance of less than 1%, and can ensure no ultraviolet leakage or a leaking strength lower than a safe value.
  • the material having an ultraviolet transmittance of less than 1% may be a stainless steel plate or other metal, or may be glass, but is not limited thereto.
  • the rapid disinfection device further includes an indicator light 5, a timing controller 6 and/or an ultraviolet indication window 7, wherein the indicator light 5 is connected to the ultraviolet light source 2 for indicating ultraviolet light.
  • the working state of the light source 2; the timing controller 6 is connected to the ultraviolet light source 2 for controlling the purple
  • the working time of the external light source 2; the ultraviolet indicating window 7 is disposed on the sterilization chamber 1 for observing the working state of the ultraviolet light source 2.
  • the ultraviolet indicating window 7 is a glass that is transparent to ultraviolet light and transmits visible light.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 is an ultraviolet LED
  • the cavity is further provided with a fluorescent substance that can be excited by the ultraviolet light, and the visible light generated by the fluorescent substance passes through the indication window 7 for judging the working state of the ultraviolet LED.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 of the sterilizer is provided with a guard 8 for preventing mercury leakage.
  • the protective device 8 is a protective plate, and the protective plate forms a receiving space with the disinfecting cavity.
  • the ultraviolet light source is installed in the receiving space, and the protective plate is made of a material that transmits ultraviolet rays of 200-280 nm. Made, it not only achieves effective protection against ultraviolet light source, but also does not affect the effect of ultraviolet disinfection. Therefore, when picking or dropping articles or cleaning, people avoid damage caused by collisions, thereby avoiding mercury leakage or other hazards, and also preventing dust, moisture and other substances from falling onto the ultraviolet light source, and keeping the ultraviolet light source clean.
  • the sterilizer comprises a sterilization chamber 1, an ultraviolet light source 2, a container 3 to be sterilized and/or an article, and a support mechanism 4 on which the object to be sterilized 3 and/or the article is placed on the support mechanism 4 of the sterilization chamber 1.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 is set as a U-shaped ultraviolet lamp, and the U-shaped ultraviolet lamp is rotated 90° to be mounted on opposite sides of the sterilization cavity 1.
  • the ultraviolet radiation power per unit area of the ultraviolet light source is 20 mW/cm 2 , and the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet light source For 30%, the tube current density of the ultraviolet lamp is 0.3 A/cm 2 ; the vessel 3 to be sterilized is made of quartz glass having a silica content of more than 99.5%, and the ultraviolet transmittance of the 1 mm thick quartz glass is ⁇ 88%.
  • the sterilizer comprises a sterilization chamber 1, an ultraviolet light source 2, a container 3 to be sterilized and/or an article, and a support mechanism 4 on which the object to be sterilized 3 and/or the article is placed on the support mechanism 4 of the sterilization chamber 1.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 is disposed as a sigmoidal ultraviolet lamp, and the smear-shaped ultraviolet lamp is installed on opposite sides of the sterilization chamber 1, and the bottom of the ultraviolet light source 2 is lower than the support mechanism 4, and the ultraviolet radiation power per unit area of the ultraviolet light source is 25 mW/ Cm 2 , the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet light source is 35%, the tube current density of the ultraviolet lamp is 0.4 A/cm 2 ; the disinfection vessel 3 is made of high boron glass with a silica content ⁇ 60% and a boron oxide content ⁇ 10%.
  • the ultraviolet transmittance of the above-mentioned high boron glass of 1 mm thick is ⁇ 70%.
  • the sterilizer comprises a sterilization chamber 1, an ultraviolet light source 2, a container 3 to be sterilized and/or an article, and a support mechanism 4 on which the object to be sterilized 3 and/or the article is placed on the support mechanism 4 of the sterilization chamber 1.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 is a multi-bend shape formed by splicing a plurality of ultraviolet light sources, the multi-curved ultraviolet light source is mounted on the left and right sides and the back surface in the sterilization cavity 1, and the bottom of the ultraviolet light source 2 is lower than the support mechanism 4, the ultraviolet light source
  • the ultraviolet radiation power per unit area is 28mW/cm 2
  • the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet light source is 32%
  • the tube current density of the ultraviolet lamp is 0.6A/cm 2
  • the disinfection vessel 3 and the support mechanism 4 are larger than the aluminum oxide content.
  • the 1 mm thick of the above alumina has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 86%.
  • the sterilizer comprises a sterilization chamber 1, an ultraviolet light source 2, a vessel 3 to be sterilized and/or articles, a support mechanism 4 and an indicator light 5, and a support mechanism for the sterilization vessel 3 and/or the article to be placed in the sterilization chamber 1.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 is a two-inch ⁇ -shaped ultraviolet lamp, which is installed on the left and right sides of the sterilization cavity 1, and the bottom of the ultraviolet light source 2 is lower than the support mechanism 4, and the ultraviolet radiation power per unit area of the ultraviolet light source is 24 mW/ Cm 2 , the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet light source is 36%, the tube current density of the ultraviolet lamp is 0.8 A/cm 2 ; the sterilized vessel 3 and the support mechanism 4 are made of alumina with ⁇ 99% alumina content, 1 mm The thick aluminum oxide has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 88%.
  • the sterilizer comprises a sterilization chamber 1, an ultraviolet light source 2, a vessel 3 to be sterilized and/or articles, a support mechanism 4, an indicator light 5, and a timing controller 6, and the utensils to be sterilized 3 and/or articles are placed in the sterilization chamber.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 is an ⁇ ⁇ -shaped ultraviolet lamp, which is installed in the middle of the disinfection cavity 1 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction, and the ultraviolet radiation power per unit area of the ultraviolet light source is 30 mW/cm.
  • the ultraviolet light source has a UV conversion efficiency of 38%, and the ultraviolet lamp has a tube current density of 1.0 A/cm 2 ;
  • the disinfection vessel 3 and the support mechanism 4 have a high silica content ⁇ 70% and a boron oxide content ⁇ 15%.
  • the above-mentioned high boron glass having a thickness of 1 mm has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 80%.
  • the sterilizer comprises a sterilization chamber 1, an ultraviolet light source 2, a vessel 3 to be sterilized and/or articles, a support mechanism 4, an indicator light 5, a timing controller 6 and an ultraviolet indication window 7, to be sterilized 3 and/or The article is placed on the support mechanism 4 of the sterilization chamber 1.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 is a spiral ultraviolet lamp installed in the middle of the disinfection chamber 1 along the horizontal direction, and the ultraviolet radiation power per unit area of the ultraviolet light source is 32 mW/ Cm 2 , the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet light source is 40%, the tube current density of the ultraviolet lamp is 0.5 A/cm 2 ; the sterilized vessel 3 and the support mechanism 4 are made of quartz glass having a silica content of more than 99.9%, 1 mm thick The above quartz glass has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 90%.
  • the sterilizer comprises a sterilization chamber 1, an ultraviolet light source 2, a vessel 3 to be sterilized and/or articles, a support mechanism 4 and a guard 8, a support mechanism for the sterilized vessel 3 and/or the article to be placed in the sterilization chamber 1.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 is set as a U-shaped lamp, and the U-shaped ultraviolet light source is rotated 90° to be mounted on opposite sides of the sterilization cavity 1.
  • the protective device 8 is a protective plate.
  • the protective plate forms an accommodating space 9 with the sterilizing cavity 1.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 is installed in the accommodating space 9.
  • the ultraviolet radiation source has an ultraviolet radiation power per unit area of 35 mW/cm 2 , the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet light source is 42%, and the tube current density of the ultraviolet lamp is 0.7 A/cm 2 ; the disinfection vessel 3, the support mechanism 4, and the protection device 8 are
  • the quartz glass having a silica content of more than 99.995% is made of a quartz glass having a UV transmittance of ⁇ 94%.
  • the rapid sterilization apparatus includes a sterilization chamber 1, an ultraviolet light source 2, a vessel 3 to be disinfected and/or articles, a support mechanism 4, and a guard 8.
  • the sterilizing vessel 3 and/or the article are placed on the supporting mechanism 4 of the sterilizing chamber 1, the ultraviolet light source 2 includes four in-line ultraviolet lamps, and the four in-line ultraviolet lamps are installed in the four corners of the sterilizing chamber 1.
  • the protective device 8 is a protective plate.
  • the protective plate forms an accommodating space 9 with the sterilizing cavity 1.
  • the ultraviolet light source 2 is installed in the accommodating space 9.
  • the ultraviolet radiation source has an ultraviolet radiation power per unit area of 33 mW/cm 2 , the ultraviolet conversion efficiency of the ultraviolet light source is 45%, and the tube current density of the ultraviolet lamp is 1.1 A/cm 2 ;
  • the disinfection vessel 3, the support mechanism 4, and the protection device 8 are
  • the borosilicate glass having a silica content of ⁇ 65% and a boron oxide content of ⁇ 12% is made of a high-porosity glass of 1 mm thick and has an ultraviolet transmittance of ⁇ 75%.

Abstract

一种快速消毒方法，包括：将待消毒器皿（3）和/或物品置入消毒装置内，所述消毒装置内设有200-280纳米的紫外光源（2）和支撑机构（4），所述待消毒器皿（3）和/或支撑机构（4）采用透200-280nm紫外线材料制成，1mm厚的所述透200-280nm紫外线材料的紫外透过率≥60%；所述紫外光源（2）从至少两个方向照射待消毒器皿和/或物品，所述紫外光源（2）为紫外灯或紫外LED，所述紫外光源（2）的辐射功率≥20mW/cm 2，紫外转换效率≥30%。还公开了一种用于上述快速消毒方法的消毒装置。

Description

一种快速消毒方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及消毒技术领域，特别涉及一种快速消毒方法及装置。
背景技术
现有消毒方式包括电加热消毒、红外消毒和紫外消毒等。其中，加热消毒或红外加热消毒需要经过升温-保温-降温，整个周期长达2-3h，而且，加热消毒或红外加热消毒的消毒温度约120℃，不能杀灭耐高温的微生物，消毒不彻底。
而紫外消毒具有广普性，对各种微生物包括芽孢均能杀灭，对很多藻类也能杀灭去除，而且紫外消毒效率高、速度快，优于常规的加热、红外消毒。市场上消毒柜号称可紫外消毒，由于紫外线不能穿透消毒器皿，被紫外线直接照射消毒的面积非常有限，不能真正实现紫外消毒功能。现有技术中也有涉及紫外消毒，如下：
1、公开号为CN 103623440 A的专利文献，其公开了一种太阳能紫外线杀菌消毒碗柜的制造方法，具体是，在碗柜后面、两边侧面、上面的封板材料是利用能透过太阳光中紫外线的玻璃做成，这样太阳能紫外线杀菌消毒碗柜就可以利用太阳光紫外线在碗柜里很好进行餐具消毒杀菌。
但是，其采用的消毒器皿还是普通餐具，其紫外线不能穿透消毒器皿，被紫外线直接照射消毒的面积仍然非常有限，无法达到快速且彻底消毒的目的。
2、公开号为CN 103720192A，其公开一种UVLED消毒水杯，包括有杯体、杯盖、安装在水杯内壁上正对杯体内部的UVLED光源，所述的UVLED光源外固定罩有一个高透紫外防水罩。这样，紫外线可透过防水罩进行消毒，其目的保护UVLED光源。
3、公开号为CN 102210877，其公开一种具有紫外线消毒功能的消毒柜。该对比文件虽然设有可透紫外的罩体，但是其被消毒的对象仍然是普通材料制成的 容器，紫外线不能穿透该容器，被紫外线直接照射消毒的面积非常有限，而且，该对比文件罩壁之间设置一定距离的散热缝隙，其目的是保护紫外光源。
因此，对于本发明创新性地将消毒器皿和用于支撑固定消毒器皿的支撑机构改用其他材料制成，现有文献是没有相关记载的。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种能在小体积、低成本、低能耗的条件下，既能快速消毒，又能彻底消毒的消毒方法。
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于，提供一种结构简单，在小体积、低成本、低能耗的条件下，既能快速消毒，又能彻底消毒的消毒装置。
为达到上述技术效果，本发明提供了一种快速消毒方法，包括：
(1)将待消毒器皿和/或物品置入消毒装置内，所述消毒装置内设有200-280nm的紫外光源和支撑机构，所述待消毒器皿和/或物品置于支撑机构上，其中，所述待消毒器皿和/或支撑机构采用透200-280nm紫外线的材料制成，1mm厚透200-280nm紫外线的材料的紫外透过率≥60％；
(2)紫外光源至少从两个方向照射待消毒器皿和/或物品，其中，所述紫外光源为紫外线灯或紫外LED，紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率≥20mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率≥30％。
于本发明消毒方法的一实施例中，所述透200-280nm紫外线的材料为石英玻璃、高硼玻璃、高纯氧化铝中的一种或组合；
其中，石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.5％；
高硼玻璃的二氧化硅含量≥60％、氧化硼含量≥10％；
高纯氧化铝的三氧化二铝含量≥98％。
于本发明消毒方法的一实施例中，所述紫外光源为U形、□形、Π形、N形、M形、圆环形中的一种或组合；
紫外线灯的管电流密度为0.3-1.2A/cm2。
相应的，本发明还提供一种快速消毒装置，包括消毒腔体，所述消毒腔体内设有紫外光源和支撑机构，所述支撑机构用于放置待消毒器皿和/或物品，所述紫外光源安装在消毒腔体的不同位置，所述紫外光源至少从两个方向照射待消毒 器皿和/或物品；
所述紫外光源为紫外线灯或紫外LED，紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率≥20mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率≥30％；
所述待消毒器皿和/或支撑机构采用透200-280nm紫外线的材料制成，1mm厚透200-280nm紫外线的材料的紫外透过率≥60％。
于本发明消毒装置的一实施例中，所述支撑机构设置成可上下移动和/或可旋转；所述紫外光源设置在靠近消毒腔体内的夹角线处或贴近消毒腔体的内壁处。
于本发明消毒装置的一实施例中，所述透200-280nm紫外线的材料为石英玻璃、高硼玻璃、高纯氧化铝中的一种或组合；
其中，石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.5％；
高硼玻璃的二氧化硅含量≥60％、氧化硼含量≥10％；
高纯氧化铝的三氧化二铝含量≥98％。
于本发明消毒装置的一实施例中，所述紫外光源为U形、□形、Π形、N形、M形、圆环形中的一种或组合；
紫外线灯的管电流密度为0.3-1.2A/cm2。
于本发明消毒装置的一实施例中，所述快速消毒装置还包括指示灯、紫外线指示窗、定时控制器中的一种或多种；
所述指示灯与所述紫外光源相连接，用于指示所述紫外光源的工作状态；
所述紫外线指示窗用于观察紫外光源的的工作状态；
所述定时控制器与紫外光源相连接，用于控制紫外光源的工作时间。
于本发明消毒装置的一实施例中，当所述紫外光源为紫外线灯时，所述紫外线指示窗为不透紫外线而透可见光的玻璃；
当所述紫外光源为紫外LED时，所述消毒腔体内还设有可被紫外线激发的荧光物质，荧光物质产生的可见光透过指示窗，用于判断紫外LED的工作状态。
于本发明消毒装置的一实施例中，所述消毒腔体内表面设有紫外反光层，所述紫外反光层由抛光铝、抛光不锈钢或氧化镁制成；
所述快速消毒装置的外表面由不透紫外线或紫外透过率小于1％的材料制成。
实施本发明具有如下有益效果：
本发明提供一种快速消毒方法及装置，消毒装置内置有200-280nm紫外光源，所述紫外光源至少从两个方向照射待消毒区域，可以使多个方向均能被紫外照射，减少不能被紫外照射或紫外照度弱的盲区，加快消毒速度。
消毒器皿采用透200-280nm紫外线的材料制成，紫外线能穿透消毒器皿或物品，消毒彻底充分，即使消毒器皿或物品在叠放时也能被紫外充分照射，减少不能被紫外照射或紫外照度弱的盲区，真正实现紫外消毒功能。
支撑机构也采用透200-280nm紫外线的材料制成，保证紫外线不被阻挡，能直接穿透放置在支撑架上的消毒器皿或消毒器皿及其中的物品，使消毒更彻底充分。紫外光源的底部低于支撑机构，可实现全方位的照射消毒，快速彻底。
本发明同时控制紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率≥20mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率≥30％，紫外线灯的管电流密度≥0.3A/cm2，利用上述因素的配合作用，可以保证在小体积、低成本、低能耗的条件下能最大程度的提高紫外转换效率，提高消毒效果，实现既能快速消毒，消毒时间可缩短至5s，又能彻底消毒。
进一步，消毒装置的腔体内设有紫外反光层，避免紫外损失，增强腔体内的紫外照射，从而改善消毒效果。
附图说明
图1是本发明消毒器第一实施例的结构示意图；
图2是本发明消毒器第二实施例的结构示意图；
图3是本发明消毒器第三实施例的结构示意图；
图4是本发明消毒器第四实施例的结构示意图；
图5是本发明消毒器第五实施例的结构示意图；
图6是本发明消毒器第六实施例的结构示意图；
图7是本发明消毒器第七实施例的结构示意图；
图8是本发明消毒器第八实施例的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明作进一步的详细描述。
本发明的消毒对象可以是单独的消毒器皿，也可以是消毒器皿及其中可透紫外线的液体，还可以是对消毒器皿及置于消毒器皿内的物体表面。所述消毒器皿包括酒杯(如葡萄酒杯、白酒杯)、水杯、碗、筷、汤匙、勺、碟、餐盘，表面皿、医用消毒盒、消毒盘等，但不限于此。就消毒器皿及其中可透紫外线的液体而言，消毒器皿包括水杯、饮料杯、酒杯等盛装液体的器皿，可透紫外线的液体包括水、茶水、果汁、饮料等，但不限于此。就消毒器皿及置于消毒器皿内的物体而言，消毒器皿包括碟、餐盘，表面皿等，置于消毒器皿内的物体包括肉类、鱼类、海产品、水果、蔬菜等物品，但不限于此。
现有的利用紫外进行消毒的方法，由于紫外线不能穿透消毒器皿，被紫外线直接照射消毒的面积非常有限，不能真正实现紫外消毒功能。
为此，本发明提供了一种快速消毒方法，包括：
(1)将待消毒器皿和/或物品置入消毒装置内，所述消毒装置内设有200-280nm的紫外光源和支撑机构，所述待消毒器皿和/或物品置于支撑机构上，其中，所述待消毒器皿和/或支撑机构采用透200-280nm紫外线的材料制成，1mm厚透200-280nm紫外线的材料的紫外透过率≥60％；
(2)紫外光源至少从两个方向照射待消毒器皿和/或物品，其中，所述紫外光源为紫外线灯或紫外LED，紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率≥20mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率≥30％，紫外线灯的管电流密度≥0.3A/cm2。
紫外光源至少从两个方向照射待消毒器皿和/或物品，以使腔体内或待消毒区域紫外辐射照度区域均匀。
紫外线主要通过对微生物(细菌、病毒、芽孢等病原体)的辐射损伤和破坏核酸的功能使微生物致死，从而达到消毒的目的。紫外杀菌效果是由微生物所接受的紫外辐射剂量所决定的，同时，也受到紫外输出功率，辐射光强和使用时间等因素影响，随着灯的老化，它将丧失20％-30％的辐射强度。紫外辐射剂量是指达到一定的细菌灭活率时，需要特定波长紫外线的量：辐照剂量＝辐射强度×照射时间，辐射剂量越大，消毒效率越高。
一般来说，杀灭90％的细菌的紫外剂量(在253.7nm波长测定，下同)为 5mJ/cm2(mW·s/cm2)；杀灭99％的细菌的紫外剂量为15mJ/cm2；对于大部分微生物采用40mJ/cm2的辐射剂量可获得99.9％的杀灭效果。
为了使腔体内消毒器皿或消毒器皿及其中的物品得到充分的紫外照射，使腔体内紫外照射时间缩短至≤3min，如5s、10s、20s、30s、60s，要求紫外光源单位面积紫外辐射功率≥20mW/cm2，使腔体内或待消毒区域紫外辐射照度高，在保证紫外剂量的前提下缩短消毒时间，以达到快速消毒目的。
为了节能，减少设备的总功耗，保证能量转换效率，要求200-280nm紫外转换效率≥30％。
所述紫外光源可以是紫外LED，也可以是紫外线灯。
当紫外光源采用紫外LED时，应选择其200-280nm紫外辐射功率密度大、紫外转换效率高的芯片。采用紫外LED的优点是光源的排布灵活方便，不存在紫外线灯破碎引起的污染问题。
当紫外光源采用紫外线灯时，紫外线灯优选为低压高强紫外线灯，以提高腔体内或待消毒区域紫外辐射照度。所述紫外线灯的管电流密度≥0.3A/cm2，优选为0.3-1.2A/cm2，紫外辐射功率≥20mW/cm2，腔体内或待消毒区域紫外辐射照度≥1.5mW/cm2。具体的，管电流密度可以分别选取：0.4A/cm2、0.6A/cm2、0.8A/cm2、1.0A/cm2、1.1A/cm2，以满足腔体内或待消毒区域紫外辐射照度≥2.0mW/cm2、3.0mW/cm2、5.0mW/cm2、10mW/cm2、20mW/cm2。选取管电流密度大的另一个优点是同样的紫外线灯功率，灯的尺寸小、成本低，有利于放置。当管电流密度≥1.2A/cm2时，紫外线灯的紫外转换效率明显降低，一般不选取1.2A/cm2以上值。
综上，本发明同时控制紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率≥20mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率≥30％，紫外线灯的管电流密度≥0.3A/cm2，利用上述因素的配合作用，可以保证在小体积、低成本、低能耗的条件下能最大程度的提高紫外转换效率，提高消毒效果。
为了提高腔体内或待消毒区域紫外照度值，除了提高紫外线灯的管电流密度外，还可通过提高紫外线灯的功率来实现，一般可选取两支或4支10W-60W紫外线灯，总功率20-240W，功率过大，灯的尺寸大，不利于放置，同时也使消毒腔体内温度上升，对于某些不希望消毒升温的情形是不利的，如生鱼片表面消毒， 升温会破坏口感。
进一步的，所述的紫外线灯，其形状可以为U形、□形、Π形、N形、M形、圆环形中的一种或组合，但不限于此。所述紫外光源设置在靠近消毒腔体内的夹角线处或贴近消毒腔体的内壁处，以使腔体内或待消毒区域紫外辐射照度区域均匀。所述消毒腔体内的夹角线包括4个平行柜门方向夹角线或4个垂直柜门夹角线。
所述紫外消毒腔体内壁可设置紫外反射层，使腔体内或待消毒区域紫外辐射照度区域紫外照度均匀，充分利用紫外线能量。也可在内壁设置光触媒层用于分解紫外线不能分解的有机物，消除臭味和有害气体。
为确保消毒效果，使紫外线能穿透，不留下不能消毒或消毒不彻底的死角；同时也使多层叠放的消毒器皿能同时消毒，本方案中消毒器皿、支撑机构均采用透200-280nm紫外线的材料制成。支撑机构的设置提高了待消毒物品底部，使底部能得到充分的紫外照射，消除消毒盲区。
所述透200-280nm紫外线的材料为石英玻璃、高硼玻璃或高纯氧化铝中的一种或组合，1mm厚透200-280nm紫外线的材料的紫外透过率≥60％，紫外透过率越高越好，如≥65％、≥70％、≥75％、≥80％、≥85％。采用上述特制的消毒器皿，紫外线能穿透消毒器皿，消毒彻底充分，即使消毒器皿在叠放时也能被紫外充分照射，减少不能被紫外照射或紫外照度弱的盲区，真正实现紫外消毒功能。
进一步的，所述石英玻璃可以选用下述任一实施方式：石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.5％，1mm厚的上述石英玻璃的紫外透过率≥88％；石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.9％，1mm厚的上述石英玻璃的紫外透过率≥90％；石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.95％，1mm厚的上述石英玻璃的紫外透过率≥92％；石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.99％，1mm厚的上述石英玻璃的紫外透过率≥93％；石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.995％，1mm厚的上述石英玻璃的紫外透过率≥94％；石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.999％，1mm厚的上述石英玻璃的紫外透过率≥95％。
所述高硼玻璃可以选用下述任一实施方式：高硼玻璃的二氧化硅含量≥60％、氧化硼含量≥10％，其中，1mm厚的上述高硼玻璃的紫外透过率≥70％；高硼玻璃的二氧化硅含量≥65％、氧化硼含量≥12％的，1mm厚的上述高硼玻璃的紫 外透过率≥75％；高硼玻璃的二氧化硅含量≥70％、氧化硼含量≥15％，1mm厚的上述高硼玻璃的紫外透过率≥80％。
所述高纯氧化铝是指三氧化二铝含量大于98％的氧化铝材料，其可以选用下述任一实施方式：高纯氧化铝的三氧化二铝含量≥98.5％，1mm厚的上述高纯氧化铝的紫外透过率≥86％；高纯氧化铝的三氧化二铝含量≥99％，1mm厚的上述高纯氧化铝的紫外透过率≥88％；高纯氧化铝的三氧化二铝含量≥99.9％，1mm厚的上述高纯氧化铝的紫外透过率≥92％。
相应的，本发明还提供一种快速消毒装置，包括消毒腔体1，所述消毒腔体1内设有紫外光源2和支撑机构4，所述支撑机构4用于放置待消毒器皿3和/或物品，所述紫外光源2安装在消毒腔体1的不同位置，所述紫外光源2至少从两个方向照射待消毒器皿3和/或物品。其中，所述紫外光源2为紫外线灯或紫外LED，紫外光源2的单位面积紫外辐射功率≥20mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率≥30％；所述待消毒器皿3、支撑机构4均采用透200-280nm紫外线的材料制成，1mm厚透200-280nm紫外线的材料的紫外透过率≥60％。
具体的，为了使腔体内待消毒器皿3或待消毒器皿及其中的物品得到充分的紫外照射，使腔体内紫外照射时间缩短至≤3min，如5s、10s、20s、30s、60s，要求紫外光源单位面积紫外辐射功率≥20mW/cm2，使腔体内或待消毒区域紫外辐射照度高，在保证紫外剂量的前提下缩短消毒时间，以达到快速消毒目的。
为了节能，减少设备的总功耗，保证能量转换效率，要求200-280nm紫外转换效率≥30％。
所述紫外光源2可以是紫外LED，也可以是紫外线灯。
当紫外光源2采用紫外LED时，应选择其200-280nm紫外辐射功率密度大、紫外转换效率高的芯片。采用紫外LED的优点是光源的排布灵活方便，不存在紫外线灯破碎引起的污染问题。
当紫外光源2采用紫外线灯时，紫外线灯优选为低压高强紫外线灯，以提高腔体内或待消毒区域紫外辐射照度。所述紫外线灯的管电流密度≥0.3A/cm2，优选为0.3-1.2A/cm2，紫外辐射功率≥20mW/cm2，腔体内或待消毒区域紫外辐射照度≥1.5mW/cm2。具体的，管电流密度可以分别选取：0.4A/cm2、0.6A/cm2、0.8A/cm2、1.0A/cm2、1.1A/cm2，以满足腔体内或待消毒区域紫外辐射照度≥ 2.0mW/cm2、3.0mW/cm2、5.0mW/cm2、10mW/cm2、20mW/cm2。选取管电流密度大的另一个优点是同样的紫外线灯功率，灯的尺寸小、成本低，有利于放置。当管电流密度≥1.2A/cm2时，紫外线灯的紫外转换效率明显降低，一般不选取1.2A/cm2以上值。
综上，本发明同时控制紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率≥20mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率≥30％，紫外线灯的管电流密度≥0.3A/cm2，利用上述因素的配合作用，可以保证在小体积、低成本、低能耗的条件下能最大程度的提高紫外转换效率，提高消毒效果。
为了提高腔体内或待消毒区域紫外照度值，除了提高紫外线灯的管电流密度外，还可通过提高紫外线灯的功率来实现，一般可选取两支或4支10W-60W紫外线灯，总功率20-240W，功率过大，灯的尺寸大，不利于放置，同时也使消毒腔体内温度上升，对于某些不希望消毒升温的情形是不利的，如生鱼片表面消毒，升温会破坏口感。
为确保消毒效果，使紫外线能穿透，不留下不能消毒或消毒不彻底的死角；同时也使多层叠放的消毒器皿能同时消毒，本方案中消毒器皿、支撑机构均采用透200-280nm紫外线的材料制成。支撑机构的设置提高了待消毒物品底部，使底部能得到充分的紫外照射，消除消毒盲区。
所述透200-280nm紫外线的材料为石英玻璃、高硼玻璃或高纯氧化铝中的一种或组合，1mm厚透200-280nm紫外线的材料的紫外透过率≥60％，紫外透过率越高越好，如≥65％、≥70％、≥75％、≥80％、≥85％。采用上述特制的消毒器皿，紫外线能穿透消毒器皿，消毒彻底充分，即使消毒器皿在叠放时也能被紫外充分照射，减少不能被紫外照射或紫外照度弱的盲区，真正实现紫外消毒功能。
进一步的，所述石英玻璃可以选用下述任一实施方式：石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.5％，1mm厚的上述石英玻璃的紫外透过率≥88％；石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.9％，1mm厚的上述石英玻璃的紫外透过率≥90％；石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.95％，1mm厚的上述石英玻璃的紫外透过率≥92％；石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.99％，1mm厚的上述石英玻璃的紫外透过率≥93％；石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.995％，1mm厚的上述石英玻璃的紫外透过率≥94％；石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.999％，1mm厚的上述石英玻璃的紫外透过率≥ 95％。
所述高硼玻璃可以选用下述任一实施方式：高硼玻璃的二氧化硅含量≥60％、氧化硼含量≥10％，其中，1mm厚的上述高硼玻璃的紫外透过率≥70％；高硼玻璃的二氧化硅含量≥65％、氧化硼含量≥12％的，1mm厚的上述高硼玻璃的紫外透过率≥75％；高硼玻璃的二氧化硅含量≥70％、氧化硼含量≥15％，1mm厚的上述高硼玻璃的紫外透过率≥80％。
所述高纯氧化铝是指三氧化二铝含量大于98％的氧化铝材料，其可以选用下述任一实施方式：高纯氧化铝的三氧化二铝含量≥98.5％，1mm厚的上述高纯氧化铝的紫外透过率≥86％；高纯氧化铝的三氧化二铝含量≥99％，1mm厚的上述高纯氧化铝的紫外透过率≥88％；高纯氧化铝的三氧化二铝含量≥99.9％，1mm厚的上述高纯氧化铝的紫外透过率≥92％。
进一步，所述支撑机构4设置成可上下移动和/或可旋转，可以使待消毒器皿3和/或物品消毒得更充分。
所述的紫外光源2，其形状可以为U形、□形、Π形、N形、M形、圆环形中的一种或组合，但不限于此。所述紫外光源2设置在靠近消毒腔体1内的夹角线处或贴近消毒腔体的内壁处，以使腔体内或待消毒区域紫外辐射照度区域均匀。所述消毒腔体1内的夹角线包括4个平行柜门方向夹角线或4个垂直柜门夹角线。
所述消毒腔体1内表面设有紫外反光层，所述紫外反光层由抛光铝、抛光不锈钢或氧化镁制成，有利于增强紫外线在内腔体表面的反射，避免紫外损失，改善消毒效果；也有利于腔体内或待消毒区域紫外线照度均匀。更佳的，消毒腔体1的内壁设置光触媒层，用于分解紫外线不能分解的有机物，消除臭味和有害气体。
所述快速消毒装置的外表面由不透紫外线或紫外透过率小于1％的材料制成，可以保证无紫外泄漏或泄漏强度低于安全值。具体的，该紫外透过率小于1％的材料可以是不锈钢板或其它金属，也可以是玻璃，但不限于此。
作为本发明更佳的实施方式，所述快速消毒装置还包括指示灯5、定时控制器6和/或紫外线指示窗7，其中，所述指示灯5与紫外光源2相连接，用于指示紫外光源2的工作状态；所述定时控制器6与紫外光源2相连接，用于控制紫 外光源2的工作时间；所述紫外线指示窗7设于消毒腔体1上，用于观察紫外光源2的的工作状态。
当紫外光源2为紫外线灯时，紫外指示窗7为不透紫外线而透可见光的玻璃。当紫外光源2为紫外LED时，腔体内还设有可被紫外线激发的荧光物质，荧光物质产生的可见光透过指示窗7，用于判断紫外LED的工作状态。
进一步优选的，所述消毒器的紫外光源2设有防护装置8，用于防止汞泄露。
作为防护装置的一实施方式，所述防护装置8为防护板，防护板与消毒腔体形成一容置空间，紫外光源安装在该容置空间之内，防护板采用透200-280nm紫外线的材料制成，既实现对紫外光源的有效防护，又不会影响紫外消毒的效果。因此，人们在取放物品或者清洁时，避免因碰撞而导致光源损坏，从而避免出现漏汞或其他危害，同时也可以防止灰尘、水分等物质沾落到紫外光源上，保持紫外光源的洁净。
下面以具体实施例进一步阐述本发明
实施例1
参见图1，消毒器包括消毒腔体1、紫外光源2、待消毒器皿3和/或物品、以及支撑机构4，待消毒器皿3和/或物品置于消毒腔体1的支撑机构4上，紫外光源2设置为U形紫外线灯，该U形紫外线灯旋转90°安装于消毒腔体1内的相对两侧，紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率为20mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率为30％，紫外线灯的管电流密度为0.3A/cm2；待消毒器皿3由二氧化硅含量大于99.5％的石英玻璃制成，1mm厚的上述石英玻璃的紫外透过率≥88％。
实施例2
参见图2，消毒器包括消毒腔体1、紫外光源2、待消毒器皿3和/或物品、以及支撑机构4，待消毒器皿3和/或物品置于消毒腔体1的支撑机构4上，紫外光源2设置为□形紫外线灯，该□形紫外线灯安装于消毒腔体1内的相对两侧，并且紫外光源2的底部低于支撑机构4，紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率为25mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率为35％，紫外线灯的管电流密度为0.4A/cm2；待消毒器皿3由二氧化硅含量≥60％、氧化硼含量≥10％的高硼玻璃制成，1mm厚的上述高硼玻璃的紫外透过率≥70％。
实施例3
参见图3，消毒器包括消毒腔体1、紫外光源2、待消毒器皿3和/或物品、以及支撑机构4，待消毒器皿3和/或物品置于消毒腔体1的支撑机构4上，紫外光源2为由多个紫外线灯拼接形成的多弯曲形，该多弯曲形紫外光源安装于消毒腔体1内的左右两侧和背面，并且紫外光源2的底部低于支撑机构4，紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率为28mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率为32％，紫外线灯的管电流密度为0.6A/cm2；待消毒器皿3、支撑机构4由三氧化二铝含量大于98.5％的氧化铝制成，1mm厚的上述氧化铝的紫外透过率≥86％。
实施例4
参见图4，消毒器包括消毒腔体1、紫外光源2、待消毒器皿3和/或物品、支撑机构4以及指示灯5，待消毒器皿3和/或物品置于消毒腔体1的支撑机构4上，紫外光源2为两盏Ω形紫外线灯，其安装于消毒腔体1内的左右两侧，并且紫外光源2的底部低于支撑机构4，紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率为24mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率为36％，紫外线灯的管电流密度为0.8A/cm2；待消毒器皿3、支撑机构4由三氧化二铝含量≥99％的氧化铝制成，1mm厚的上述氧化铝的紫外透过率≥88％。
实施例5
参见图5，消毒器包括消毒腔体1、紫外光源2、待消毒器皿3和/或物品、支撑机构4、指示灯5以及定时控制器6，待消毒器皿3和/或物品置于消毒腔体1的支撑机构4上，紫外光源2为一盏Ω形紫外线灯，其安装于消毒腔体1内沿着水平方向和竖直方向的中部，紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率为30mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率为38％，紫外线灯的管电流密度为1.0A/cm2；待消毒器皿3、支撑机构4由二氧化硅含量≥70％、氧化硼含量≥15％的高硼玻璃制成，1mm厚的上述高硼玻璃的紫外透过率≥80％。
实施例6
参见图6，消毒器包括消毒腔体1、紫外光源2、待消毒器皿3和/或物品、支撑机构4、指示灯5、定时控制器6以及紫外线指示窗7，待消毒器皿3和/或物品置于消毒腔体1的支撑机构4上，紫外光源2为一盏螺旋形紫外线灯，其安装于消毒腔体1内沿着水平方向的中部，紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率为32mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率为40％，紫外线灯的管电流密度为0.5A/cm2； 待消毒器皿3、支撑机构4由二氧化硅含量大于99.9％的石英玻璃制成，1mm厚的上述石英玻璃的紫外透过率≥90％。
实施例7
参见图7，消毒器包括消毒腔体1、紫外光源2、待消毒器皿3和/或物品、支撑机构4和防护装置8，待消毒器皿3和/或物品置于消毒腔体1的支撑机构4上，紫外光源2设置为U形灯，该U形紫外光源旋转90°安装于消毒腔体1内的相对两侧。防护装置8为防护板，防护板与消毒腔体1形成一容置空间9，紫外光源2安装在容置空间9之内。紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率为35mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率为42％，紫外线灯的管电流密度为0.7A/cm2；待消毒器皿3、支撑机构4、防护装置8由二氧化硅含量大于99.995％的石英玻璃制成，1mm厚的上述石英玻璃的紫外透过率≥94％。
实施例8
参见图8，快速消毒装置包括消毒腔体1、紫外光源2、待消毒器皿3和/或物品、支撑机构4和防护装置8。待消毒器皿3和/或物品置于消毒腔体1的支撑机构4上，紫外光源2包括四支一字形的紫外线灯，四支一字形的紫外线灯安装于消毒腔体1内的四个角落。防护装置8为防护板，防护板与消毒腔体1形成一容置空间9，紫外光源2安装在容置空间9之内。紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率为33mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率为45％，紫外线灯的管电流密度为1.1A/cm2；待消毒器皿3、支撑机构4、防护装置8由二氧化硅含量≥65％、氧化硼含量≥12％的高硼玻璃制成，1mm厚的上述高硼玻璃的紫外透过率≥75％。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，本发明尽管只给出了以上实施例，但也给出诸多不需要经过创造性劳动而得出的可能的变体，虽依然无法穷举，但本领域内普通技术人员在通读本说明书后，结合公知常识，应能联想到更多的具体实施方式，此类具体实施方式并不超脱本发明权利要求的精神，任何形式的等同替换或若干改进和润饰均应视为被本发明所包括的实施例，属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种快速消毒方法，其特征在于，包括：
    (1)将待消毒器皿和/或物品置入消毒装置内，所述消毒装置内设有200-280nm的紫外光源和支撑机构，所述待消毒器皿和/或物品置于支撑机构上，其中，所述待消毒器皿和/或支撑机构采用透200-280nm紫外线的材料制成，1mm厚透200-280nm紫外线的材料的紫外透过率≥60％；
    (2)紫外光源至少从两个方向照射待消毒器皿和/或物品，其中，所述紫外光源为紫外线灯或紫外LED，紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率≥20mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率≥30％。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的快速消毒方法，其特征在于，所述透200-280nm紫外线的材料为石英玻璃、高硼玻璃、高纯氧化铝中的一种或组合；
    其中，石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.5％；
    高硼玻璃的二氧化硅含量≥60％、氧化硼含量≥10％；
    高纯氧化铝的三氧化二铝含量≥98％。
  3. 如权利要求1或2所述的快速消毒方法，其特征在于，所述紫外光源为U形、□形、Π形、N形、M形、圆环形中的一种或组合；
    紫外线灯的管电流密度为0.3-1.2A/cm2。
  4. 一种快速消毒装置，包括消毒腔体，其特征在于，所述消毒腔体内设有紫外光源和支撑机构，所述支撑机构用于放置待消毒器皿和/或物品，所述紫外光源安装在消毒腔体的不同位置，所述紫外光源至少从两个方向照射待消毒器皿和/或物品；
    所述紫外光源为紫外线灯或紫外LED，紫外光源的单位面积紫外辐射功率≥20mW/cm2，紫外光源的紫外转换效率≥30％；
    所述待消毒器皿和/或支撑机构采用透200-280nm紫外线的材料制成，1mm厚透200-280nm紫外线的材料的紫外透过率≥60％。
  5. 如权利要求4所述的快速消毒装置，其特征在于，所述支撑机构设置成可上下移动和/或可旋转；
    所述紫外光源设置在靠近消毒腔体内的夹角线处或贴近消毒腔体的内壁处。
  6. 如权利要求4所述的快速消毒装置，其特征在于，所述透200-280nm紫外线的材料为石英玻璃、高硼玻璃、高纯氧化铝中的一种或组合；
    其中，石英玻璃的二氧化硅含量大于99.5％；
    高硼玻璃的二氧化硅含量≥60％、氧化硼含量≥10％；
    高纯氧化铝的三氧化二铝含量≥98％。
  7. 如权利要求4、5或6所述的快速消毒装置，其特征在于，所述紫外光源为U形、□形、Π形、N形、M形、圆环形中的一种或组合；
    紫外线灯的管电流密度为0.3-1.2A/cm2。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的快速消毒装置，其特征在于，所述快速消毒装置还包括指示灯、紫外线指示窗、定时控制器中的一种或多种；
    所述指示灯与所述紫外光源相连接，用于指示所述紫外光源的工作状态；
    所述紫外线指示窗用于观察紫外光源的的工作状态；
    所述定时控制器与紫外光源相连接，用于控制紫外光源的工作时间。
  9. 如权利要求8所述的快速消毒装置，其特征在于，当所述紫外光源为紫外线灯时，所述紫外线指示窗为不透紫外线而透可见光的玻璃；
    当所述紫外光源为紫外LED时，所述消毒腔体内还设有可被紫外线激发的荧光物质，荧光物质产生的可见光透过紫外线指示窗，用于判断紫外LED的工作状态。
  10. 如权利要求4所述的快速消毒装置，其特征在于，所述消毒腔体内表面设有紫外反光层，所述紫外反光层由抛光铝、抛光不锈钢或氧化镁制成；
    所述快速消毒装置的外表面由不透紫外线或紫外透过率小于1％的材料制成。
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