WO2016157533A1

WO2016157533A1 - Electric power conversion device

Info

Publication number: WO2016157533A1
Application number: PCT/JP2015/060657
Authority: WO
Inventors: 浩昭尾谷; 裕一寺田; 怜子鈴木
Original assignee: 株式会社東芝
Priority date: 2015-04-03
Filing date: 2015-04-03
Publication date: 2016-10-06
Also published as: TW201637330A; TWI558075B

Abstract

First to fourth switching elements (Q1-Q4) and first and second clamp elements (CD1, CD2) are arranged upon a supporting plate (350). When viewed from above the supporting plate (350), the first and second switching elements (Q1, Q2) are adjacent to each other in the progression direction (X) of an electric vehicle. The third and fourth switching elements (Q3, Q4) are adjacent in the progression direction (X) and are each adjacent, in a direction (Y) substantially perpendicular to the progression direction (X), to the second and first switching elements (Q2, Q1). The first and second clamp elements (CD1, CD2) are adjacent, in the substantially perpendicular direction (Y), to one of the first to fourth switching elements (Q1-Q4).

Description

Power converter

Embodiments according to the present invention relate to a power conversion device.

Conventionally, a power converter is used to operate a drive system such as a main motor (motor) of an electric car. The power conversion device converts the power obtained from the overhead line into the power required for the drive system in order to rotate the wheels of the electric vehicle.

Such a power conversion device includes a converter and an inverter constituted by a plurality of switching elements (for example, GTO (Gate Turn Off Thyristor), IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor), etc.). In such a converter and inverter, a metal wiring plate is used to connect terminals of a plurality of switching elements.

However, when the distance between the terminals of the plurality of switching elements is increased and the inductance of the metal wiring plate is increased, a transient surge (overshoot) voltage is increased in the switching operation. Conventionally, the switching element has not been arranged so as to reduce the inductance of the metal wiring plate.

JP 2000-092819 A

Provided is a power conversion device in which the inductance of wiring between a plurality of switching elements constituting a converter or an inverter is reduced.

The power conversion device according to the present embodiment includes an inverter or a converter, and generates power to be supplied to the load of the electric vehicle. The first and second switching elements are connected in series between the positive electrode wiring for DC power and the first phase wiring for AC power. The third and fourth switching elements are connected in series between the first phase wiring of AC power and the negative wiring of DC power. The first clamp element is connected between a first node between the first switching element and the second switching element and a neutral point wiring of the DC power.

The second clamp element is connected between the second node between the third switching element and the fourth switching element and the neutral point wiring. The first to fourth switching elements, the first clamp element, and the second clamp element are disposed on the support plate. When viewed from above the support plate, the first and second switching elements are adjacent to each other in the traveling direction of the electric vehicle. The third and fourth switching elements are adjacent to each other in the traveling direction and are adjacent to the second and first switching elements in a direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction, respectively. The first and second clamp elements are adjacent to any one of the first to fourth switching elements in a substantially vertical direction.

Schematic which shows an example of a structure of the power converter device 100 mounted in an electric vehicle. The perspective view which shows an example of arrangement | positioning of each component of the power converter device. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a switching unit 41. FIG. The top view which shows each arrangement | positioning of 1st-4th switching element Q1-Q4, 1st and 2nd clamp element CD1, CD2, and 1st-6th wiring plate PL1-PL6. The side view which looked at the switching part 41 from the 1st clamp element CD1 side.

Embodiment

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. This embodiment does not limit the present invention.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a configuration of a power conversion device 100 mounted on an electric vehicle. An electric vehicle is, for example, a vehicle that travels with electric power on a railway line. The power converter 100 receives AC power from the overhead line 13 via the pantograph 12, converts the AC power into three-phase AC power, and supplies the three-phase AC power to an electric motor (for example, a three-phase AC motor) 11. To do.

The power converter 100 includes a control unit 10, a transformer 20, a converter 30, an inverter 40, a circuit breaker 50,

charging resistors

61 and 62, contactors 71 to 74, and

voltage dividing capacitors

81 and 82. The current detector 90 is provided. Note that the transformer 20 and the circuit breaker 50 may be separate from the power converter 100.

The transformer 20 receives the AC power from the overhead line 13 via the pantograph 12 by the primary coil, transforms the AC power, and supplies the AC power from the secondary coil to the converter 30. For example, the transformer 20 supplies U-phase and V-phase single-phase AC power to the converter 30 from the secondary coil. Two wires (U-phase wire and V-phase wire) are provided between transformer 20 and converter 30, and these wires transmit single-phase AC power to converter 30.

Converter 30 receives AC power from the secondary coil of transformer 20 and converts the AC power into DC power. The converter 30 includes, for example, a U-phase switching unit 31 and a V-phase switching unit 32. The U-phase switching unit 31 converts the U-phase power into DC power by switching the U-phase of the single-phase AC power. The V-phase switching unit 32 converts the V-phase power into DC power by switching the V-phase of the single-phase AC power. Three wires (positive wire P, negative wire N and neutral point wire C) are provided between converter 30 and inverter 40, and these wires transmit DC power to inverter 40.

The inverter 40 receives DC power from the converter 30 and converts the DC power into three-phase AC power. The inverter 40 includes, for example, a U-phase switching unit 41, a V-phase switching unit 42, and a W-phase switching unit 43. The U-phase switching unit 41 receives DC power and outputs U-phase AC power among the three-phase AC power. The V-phase switching unit 42 receives DC power and outputs V-phase AC power among the three-phase AC power. The W-phase switching unit 43 receives DC power and outputs W-phase AC power among the three-phase AC power. Three wirings (U-phase wiring, V-phase wiring, and W-phase wiring) are provided between the inverter 40 and the electric motor 11, and these wirings transmit three-phase AC power to the electric motor 11. Three-phase AC power is used to drive the electric motor 11.

The circuit breaker 50 is a main power switch provided between the pantograph 12 and the transformer 20, and is, for example, a VCB (Vacuum Circuit Breaker). Contactor 72 and contactor 74 are provided in the U-phase wiring and V-phase wiring between the secondary coil of transformer 20 and converter 30, respectively. The contactor 72 and the contactor 74 are, for example, high-speed circuit breakers that cut off power when a serious failure occurs. The contactor 71 and the charging resistor 61 are connected in series and are connected in parallel to the contactor 72. The contactor 73 and the charging resistor 62 are also connected in series and connected in parallel to the contactor 74. The

contactors

71 and 72 and the

charging resistors

61 and 62 are used for slowly charging the

voltage dividing capacitors

81 and 82 when the power converter 100 is activated.

The voltage dividing capacitor 81 is connected between the positive electrode wiring P and the neutral point wiring C. The voltage dividing capacitor 82 is connected between the neutral point wiring C and the negative electrode wiring N. Due to the

voltage dividing capacitors

81 and 82, the neutral point wiring C becomes a voltage (for example, intermediate voltage) between the positive wiring P and the negative wiring N.

The current detector 90 is connected to the neutral point wiring C, the ground, and the control unit 10, detects a current flowing through the neutral point wiring C or a current flowing in the opposite direction, and measures a current measurement value thereof. Is output to the control unit 10.

The control unit 10 controls each component of the power conversion device such as the converter 30, the inverter 40, the

circuit breakers

50, and 71 to 74. For example, the control unit 10 controls the switching state (on state or off state) of the switching elements constituting the converter 30 and the inverter 40.

The electric motor 11 as a load is driven by receiving the three-phase AC power from the power converter 100. When the electric motor 11 rotates the wheels of the electric vehicle, the electric vehicle can travel on a railroad track or the like.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the arrangement of each component of the power conversion apparatus 100. FIG. The components of the power conversion device 100 are accommodated in the housing 200. An arrow X indicates the traveling direction of the electric vehicle (longitudinal direction of the electric vehicle). An arrow Y indicates a direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction of the electric vehicle.

The converter unit 201 is a part including the converter 30. The inverter unit 202 is a part including the inverter 40. The control unit 203 is a part including the control unit 10. The switch / sensor unit 204 is a part including the contactors 71 to 74 and the current detector 90.

The converter unit 201, the inverter unit 202, the control unit 203, and the switch / sensor unit 204 are a group of devices that are installed relatively close to each other according to characteristics such as wiring and heat resistance, and are unitized. It does not indicate that. Moreover, the power converter device 100 can be comprised at least by the converter part 201, the inverter part 202, and the radiation fin 300.

In the power converter 100, the converter unit 201 and the inverter unit 202 are arranged side by side in the traveling direction X of the electric vehicle. Further, by placing the converter unit 201 and the inverter unit 202 close to one side surface of the electric vehicle, the converter unit 201 and the inverter unit 202 can be easily opened from the opening of the power conversion device 100 provided on the side surface side of the electric vehicle. Can be accessed. Thereby, taking in and out of the converter part 201 and the inverter part 202 becomes easy. Furthermore, since there are many operations such as inspections performed on the side surface of the electric vehicle, the operation can be made more efficient by continuously performing the operation on the side surface of the electric vehicle.

Further, switching

units

31 and 32 in converter unit 201 are attached to a heat receiving plate (see 350 in FIG. 4), and are thermally connected to radiating fins 300 extending from the heat receiving plate to the outside of housing 200. Yes. The switching units 41 to 43 in the inverter unit 202 are also attached to the heat receiving plate and are thermally connected to the radiating fins 300 extending from the heat receiving plate to the outside of the housing 200. Thus, the heat generated in the switching

units

31, 32, 41 to 43 is conducted to the heat radiating fin 300 through the heat receiving plate and is radiated from the heat radiating fin 300. Note that the heat receiving plate of the converter unit 201 and the heat receiving plate of the inverter unit 202 may be separate from each other or may be integrated.

FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram showing an example of the configuration of the switching unit 41. The switching

units

31, 32, 41 to 43 are connected to AC power wiring (U phase wiring, V phase wiring, W phase wiring) and DC power wiring (positive wiring P, negative wiring N, neutral point wiring C). Although they are different in connection relation, each has the same configuration. Hereinafter, the switching unit 41 will be described, and description of the

other switching units

31, 32, 42, and 43 will be omitted.

The switching unit 41 includes a first switching element Q1, a second switching element Q2, a third switching element Q3, a fourth switching element Q4, a first clamp element CD1, and a second clamp element CD2. .

The first switching element Q1 and the second switching element Q2 are connected in series between the positive electrode wiring P for DC power and the U-phase wiring (first phase wiring) for AC power. The third switching element Q3 and the fourth switching element Q4 are connected in series between the U-phase wiring of AC power and the negative wiring N of DC power. In other words, in the equivalent circuit, the first to fourth switching elements Q1 to Q4 are connected in series from the positive electrode wiring P to the negative electrode wiring N in the order of Q1, Q2, Q3, and Q4. A node between second switching element Q2 and third switching element Q3 is connected to the U-phase wiring. The switching elements Q1 to Q4 are each configured by a power semiconductor transistor such as GTO or IGBT, for example.

The first clamp element CD1 is connected between the first node N1 between the first switching element Q1 and the second switching element Q2 and the neutral point wiring C of the DC power. The second clamp element CD2 is connected between the second node N2 between the third switching element Q3 and the fourth switching element Q4 and the neutral point wiring C of the DC power. In other words, the first and second clamp elements CD1 and CD2 are connected in series between the first node N1 and the second node N2. A node between the first clamp element CD1 and the second clamp element CD2 is connected to the neutral point wiring C. The clamp elements CD1 and CD2 are constituted by clamp diodes, for example. The anode of the first clamp element CD1 is connected to the neutral point wiring C, and the cathode is connected to the node N1. The anode of the second clamp element CD2 is connected to the node N2, and the cathode is connected to the neutral point wiring C.

The switching unit 41 having such a configuration receives DC power from the positive wiring P, the negative wiring N, and the neutral wiring C, and generates a U-phase power sine wave of three-phase AC power.

(Generation of positive side sine wave)
For example, first, when the second switching element Q2 is continuously on and the fourth switching element Q4 is off, the first switching element Q1 and the third switching element Q3 are switched in a complementary and alternating manner. To do. That is, the first switching element Q1 repeats an on state and an off state, and the third switching element Q3 repeats an off state and an on state contrary to the first switching element Q1. When the first switching element Q1 is on and the third switching element Q3 is off, the U-phase wiring is connected to the positive wiring P and receives a positive voltage. When the third switching element Q3 is in the on state and the first switching element Q1 is in the off state, the U-phase wiring is connected to the neutral point wiring C via the first and second clamp elements CD1 and CD2 and is in the middle Receive voltage (voltage between positive and negative voltage).

In order for the voltage of the U-phase wiring to be a sine wave during the period in which the second switching element Q2 is continuously on and the fourth switching element Q4 is continuously off, the first switching element Q1 is The first on period in the on state and the third on period in which the third switching element Q3 is in the on state are changed as follows.

For example, initially, the third switching element Q3 is almost continuously turned on. At this time, the voltage of the U-phase wiring is almost equal to the voltage of the neutral point wiring C of the DC power.

From this state, the third on-period in which the third switching element Q3 is in the on-state is gradually shortened. Conversely, the first on-period in which the first switching element Q3 is in the on-state is gradually lengthened. Thereby, the voltage of the U-phase wiring gradually approaches the voltage of the positive electrode wiring P from the voltage of the neutral point wiring C.

Thereafter, the first on-period becomes gradually longer than the third on-period, and the first switching element Q1 is almost continuously turned on. Thereby, the voltage of the U-phase wiring becomes substantially equal to the voltage of the positive electrode wiring P of DC power.

After that, the third on-period becomes gradually longer than the first on-period, and the third switching element Q3 is almost continuously turned on. Thereby, the voltage of the U-phase wiring returns to the voltage of the neutral point wiring C. Thus, the voltage of the U-phase wiring temporarily rises from the voltage of the neutral point wiring C to the voltage of the positive wiring P and changes so as to return to the voltage of the neutral point wiring C. As a result, the voltage of the U-phase wiring changes in a sine wave shape between the voltage of the neutral point wiring C and the voltage of the positive wiring P. That is, the voltage of the U-phase wiring is a positive side sine wave (curved curve).

(Generation of negative side sine wave)
Next, when the third switching element Q3 is continuously on and the first switching element Q1 is off, the second switching element Q2 and the fourth switching element Q4 perform a switching operation in a complementary and alternating manner. . That is, the second switching element Q2 repeats an on state and an off state, and the fourth switching element Q4 repeats an off state and an on state, contrary to the second switching element Q2. When the second switching element Q2 is in the on state and the fourth switching element Q4 is in the off state, the U-phase wiring is connected to the neutral point wiring C via the first and second clamp elements CD1 and CD2, and is in the middle Receive voltage (voltage between positive and negative voltage). When the fourth switching element Q4 is on and the second switching element Q2 is off, the U-phase wiring is connected to the negative wiring N and receives a negative voltage.

During the period in which the third switching element Q3 is continuously on and the first switching element Q1 is continuously off, the second switching element Q2 is turned on in order to make the voltage of the U-phase wiring a sine wave. The second on-period that is in the state and the fourth on-period in which the fourth switching element Q4 is in the on state are changed as follows.

For example, after the generation of the positive sine wave, the second and third switching elements Q2, Q3 are in the on state, and the first and fourth switching elements Q1, Q4 are in the on state. At this time, the voltage of the U-phase wiring is almost equal to the voltage of the neutral point wiring C of the DC power.

From this state, the second on-period in which the second switching element Q2 is in the on-state is gradually shortened, and conversely, the fourth on-period in which the fourth switching element Q4 is in the on-state is gradually lengthened. Thereby, the voltage of the U-phase wiring gradually approaches the voltage of the negative electrode wiring N from the voltage of the neutral point wiring C.

Thereafter, the fourth on-period becomes gradually longer than the second on-period, and the fourth switching element Q4 is almost continuously turned on. As a result, the voltage of the U-phase wiring becomes substantially equal to the voltage of the negative electrode wiring N of DC power.

After that, the second on-period becomes gradually longer than the fourth on-period, and the second switching element Q2 is almost continuously turned on. Thereby, the voltage of the U-phase wiring returns to the voltage of the neutral point wiring C. Thereby, the voltage of the U-phase wiring temporarily decreases from the voltage of the neutral point wiring C to the voltage of the negative wiring N and changes so as to return to the voltage of the neutral point wiring C. Thereby, the voltage of the U-phase wiring changes in a sine wave shape between the voltage of the neutral point wiring C and the voltage of the negative wiring N. That is, the voltage of the U-phase wiring is a negative sine wave (valley-shaped curve).

The switching unit 41 can make the U-phase voltage a sine wave by repeatedly generating the positive-side sine wave and the negative-side sine wave.

The switching units 42 and 43 can operate in the same manner as the switching unit 41 to make the V-phase and W-phase voltages sine waves, respectively. However, the switching units 41 to 43 each generate a sine wave by shifting the phase by about 120 degrees. Thereby, the inverter 40 including the switching units 41 to 43 can convert DC power into three-phase AC power.

Also, the switching

units

31 and 32 can basically convert the single-phase AC power from the transformer 20 into DC power by operating in the same manner as the switching unit 41. For example, the switching unit 31 receives the U phase of the single-phase AC power at a node between the second switching element Q2 and the third switching element Q3 in FIG. The switching elements Q1 to Q4 of the switching unit 31 perform a switching operation so that a positive voltage is output from the positive electrode wiring P and a negative voltage is output from the negative electrode wiring N in FIG. Thereby, the switching part 31 can convert the U phase of single phase alternating current power into direct current power. The switching unit 32 operates in the same manner as the switching unit 31 and converts the V phase of the single-phase AC power into DC power. However, since the phases of the U phase and the V phase are shifted by 180 degrees, the switching

units

31 and 32 execute the switching operation at timings suitable for the U phase and the V phase, respectively. Thereby, converter 30 including switching

units

31 and 32 can convert single-phase AC power into DC power.

Next, the arrangement of the first to fourth switching elements Q1 to Q4 and the first and second clamp elements CD1 and CD2 will be described.

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the first to fourth switching elements Q1 to Q4, the first and second clamp elements CD1 and CD2, and the first to sixth wiring plates PL1 to PL6. FIG. 4 is a plan view seen from above the heat receiving plate 350 as a support plate. P, C, N, N1, N2, and U shown by bold lines in FIG. 4 are shown for easy understanding of the electrical connection relationship of the terminals, and do not show actual wiring.

The first to fourth switching elements Q1 to Q4 and the first and second clamp elements CD1 and CD2 are disposed on the heat receiving plate 350 and fixed to the heat receiving plate 350.

When viewed from above the heat receiving plate 350, the first and second switching elements Q1, Q2 are adjacent to each other in the traveling direction X of the electric vehicle. The third and fourth switching elements Q3 and Q4 are also adjacent to each other in the traveling direction X. Further, the third and fourth switching elements Q3 and Q4 are adjacent to the second switching element Q2 and the first switching element Q1, respectively, in the direction Y substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction X. That is, the first to fourth switching elements Q1 to Q4 are drawn in a U shape on the heat receiving plate 350, so that the first switching element Q1, the second switching element Q2, the third switching element Q3, and the fourth switching element Q4 are drawn. Are arranged in the order. The traveling direction X of the electric vehicle is two directions along the track, and may indicate the front of the electric vehicle or the rear of the electric vehicle depending on the traveling direction of the electric vehicle.

The first switching element Q1 has a collector terminal C1 and an emitter terminal E1 on its upper surface. Three collector terminals C1 and three emitter terminals E1 are provided in parallel in the Y direction. The three collector terminals C1 are electrically connected in common to the first wiring plate PL1 that functions as the positive wiring P. The three emitter terminals E1 are electrically connected in common to the second wiring plate PL2 that functions as the first node N1.

The second switching element Q2 has a collector terminal C2 and an emitter terminal E2 on its upper surface. Three collector terminals C2 and three emitter terminals E2 are also provided in parallel in the Y direction. The three collector terminals C2 are electrically connected in common to the second wiring plate PL2, similarly to the emitter terminal E1. The three emitter terminals E2 are electrically connected in common to a third wiring plate PL3 that functions as a U-phase wiring.

The third switching element Q3 has a collector terminal C3 and an emitter terminal E3 on its upper surface. Three collector terminals C3 and three emitter terminals E3 are also provided in parallel in the Y direction. The three collector terminals C3 are electrically connected in common to the third wiring plate PL3, similarly to the emitter terminal E2. The three emitter terminals E3 are electrically connected in common to the fifth wiring plate PL5 functioning as the second node N2.

The fourth switching element Q4 has a collector terminal C4 and an emitter terminal E4 on its upper surface. Three collector terminals C4 and three emitter terminals E4 are also provided in parallel in the Y direction. The three collector terminals C4 are electrically connected in common to the fifth wiring plate PL5, similarly to the emitter terminal E3. The three emitter terminals E4 are electrically connected in common to the sixth wiring plate PL6 functioning as the negative electrode wiring N.

The first clamp element CD1 has a cathode terminal K1 and an anode terminal A1 on its upper surface. Two cathode terminals K1 and two anode terminals A1 are provided in parallel in the X direction. The two cathode terminals K1 are electrically connected in common to the second wiring plate PL2, similarly to the emitter terminal E1 and the collector terminal C2. The two anode terminals A1 are electrically connected in common to the fourth wiring plate PL4 functioning as the neutral point wiring C.

The second clamp element CD2 has a cathode terminal K2 and an anode terminal A2 on its upper surface. Two cathode terminals K2 and two anode terminals A2 are provided in parallel in the X direction. The two cathode terminals K2 are electrically connected in common to the fourth wiring plate PL4 functioning as the neutral point wiring C, similarly to the anode terminal A1. The two anode terminals A2 are electrically connected in common to the fifth wiring plate PL5, similarly to the emitter terminal E3 and the collector terminal C4.

The first and second clamp elements CD1 and CD2 are arranged adjacent to both sides in the direction Y of the first to fourth switching elements. For example, the first clamp element CD1 is disposed so as to be adjacent to the side surfaces in the Y direction of the first switching element Q1 and the second switching element Q2. One half of the first clamp element CD1 is adjacent to the first switching element Q1, and the other half of the first clamp element CD1 is adjacent to the second switching element Q2. As described above, the first clamp element CD1 is arranged so that the center line thereof substantially coincides with the boundary portion between the first switching element Q1 and the second switching element Q2. Thereby, the terminals A1 and K1 of the first clamp CD1 are substantially equal distances from the respective terminals of the first and second switching elements Q1 and Q2 electrically connected to the terminals A1 and K1. For example, the cathode terminal K1 of the first clamp CD1 is disposed at an approximately equal distance from the emitter terminal E1 of the first switching element Q1 and the collector terminal C2 of the second switching element Q2 that are electrically connected to the cathode terminal K1. More preferably, as shown in FIG. 4, the cathode terminal K1 is adjacent to the emitter terminal E1 and / or the collector terminal C2 connected thereto in the Y direction. As a result, the second wiring plate PL2 becomes shorter (smaller), and the inductance of the second wiring plate PL2 decreases.

The second clamp element CD2 is disposed so as to be adjacent to the side surface in the Y direction of the third switching element Q3 and the fourth switching element Q4. One half of the second clamp element CD2 is adjacent to the third switching element Q3, and the other half of the second clamp element CD2 is adjacent to the fourth switching element Q4. Thus, the second clamp element CD2 is arranged such that the center line thereof substantially coincides with the boundary portion between the third switching element Q3 and the fourth switching element Q4. As a result, the terminals A2 and K2 of the second clamp CD2 are at substantially equal distances from the respective terminals of the third and fourth switching elements Q3 and Q4 that are electrically connected to the terminals A2 and K2. For example, the anode terminal A2 of the second clamp CD2 is disposed at an approximately equal distance from the emitter terminal E3 of the third switching element Q3 and the collector terminal C4 of the fourth switching element Q4 that are electrically connected to the anode terminal A2. More preferably, as shown in FIG. 4, the anode terminal A2 is adjacent to the emitter terminal E3 and / or the collector terminal C4 connected thereto in the Y direction. As a result, the fifth wiring plate PL5 becomes shorter (smaller), and the inductance of the fifth wiring plate PL5 decreases.

Next, the configuration of the first to sixth wiring plates PL1 to PL6 will be described. The first to sixth wiring plates PL1 to PL6 are conductors made of a flat low resistance metal or the like.

As described above with reference to FIG. 4, the first wiring plate PL1 is disposed on the collector terminal C1 of the first switching element Q1, and is electrically connected to the collector terminal C1. Thereby, the first wiring plate PL1 functions as the positive electrode wiring P.

The second wiring plate PL2 is disposed on the emitter terminal E1 of the first switching element Q1, the collector terminal C2 of the second switching element Q2, and the cathode terminal K1 of the first clamp element CD1, and the emitter terminal E1, the collector terminal C2 and the cathode. It is electrically connected to the terminal K1. Thereby, the second wiring plate PL2 functions as the first node N1.

The third wiring plate PL3 is disposed on the emitter terminal E2 of the second switching element Q2 and the collector terminal C3 of the third switching element Q3, and is electrically connected to the emitter terminal E2 and the collector terminal C3. Thereby, the third wiring plate PL3 functions as a U-phase wiring.

The fourth wiring plate PL4 is disposed on the anode terminal A1 of the first clamp element CD1 and the cathode terminal K2 of the second clamp element CD2, and is electrically connected to the anode terminal A1 and the cathode terminal K2. Thus, the fourth wiring plate PL4 functions as a neutral point wiring C.

The fifth wiring plate PL5 is disposed on the emitter terminal E3 of the third switching element Q3, the collector terminal C4 of the fourth switching element Q4, and the anode terminal A2 of the second clamp element CD2, and the emitter terminal E3, collector terminal C4 and anode It is electrically connected to the terminal A2. Thereby, the fifth wiring plate PL5 functions as the second node N2.

The sixth wiring plate PL6 is disposed on the emitter terminal E4 of the fourth switching element Q4 and is electrically connected to the emitter terminal E4. Thereby, the sixth wiring plate PL6 functions as the negative electrode wiring N.

FIG. 5 is a side view of the switching unit 41 of FIG. 4 as viewed from the first clamp element CD1 side. Since FIG. 5 is a side view seen from the first clamp element CD1, the first clamp element CD1, the first and second switching elements Q1, Q2 appear. However, the third and fourth switching elements Q3 and Q4 do not appear in FIG. 5 because they overlap the second and first switching elements Q2 and Q1, respectively, in FIG. Also, the second clamp element CD2 does not appear in FIG. 5 because it overlaps with the third and fourth switching elements Q3 and Q4 in FIG. The switching

units

31, 32, 41 to 43 have the same configuration. Therefore, the switching unit 41 will be described below, and the description of the

other switching units

31, 32, 42, and 43 will be omitted.

The first clamp element CD1, the first and second switching elements Q1, Q2 are fixed on the heat receiving plate 350 by bolts 351.

A collector terminal C1 is provided on the first switching element Q1. A first wiring plate PL1 is electrically connected on the collector terminal C1. The first wiring plate PL1 is attached to the collector terminal C1. The first wiring plate PL1 is drawn out in the traveling direction X of the electric vehicle, is bent in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the heat receiving plate 350 at one end of the heat receiving plate 350, and rises upward. As described above, the drawing direction of the first wiring plate PL1 can be either forward or backward of the electric vehicle depending on the traveling direction of the electric vehicle.

The sixth wiring plate PL6 does not appear in FIG. 5 because it overlaps the first wiring plate PL1 in FIG. However, the sixth wiring plate PL6 is attached to the emitter terminal E4. Similarly to the first wiring plate PL1, the sixth wiring plate PL6 is also drawn out in the traveling direction X of the electric vehicle, and is bent in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the heat receiving plate 350 at the end of the heat receiving plate 350. Standing upwards.

The second wiring plate PL2 is provided on the emitter terminal E1, the collector terminal C2, and the cathode terminal K1, and electrically connects them. The second wiring plate PL2 is a wiring inside the switching unit 41 and is not drawn out of the switching unit 41.

The fifth wiring plate PL5 does not appear in FIG. 5 because it overlaps the second wiring plate PL2 in FIG. The fifth wiring plate PL5 is provided on the emitter terminal E3, the collector terminal C4, and the anode terminal A2, and electrically connects them. The fifth wiring plate PL5 is a wiring inside the switching unit 41 and is not drawn out of the switching unit 41.

The fourth wiring plate PL4 has the first, second, fifth, and sixth wiring plates PL1, PL2, PL5, and PL6 so as not to contact the first, second, fifth, and sixth wiring plates PL1, PL2, PL5, and PL6 with reference to the surface of the heat receiving plate 350. It is provided above the fifth and sixth wiring plates PL1, PL2, PL5 and PL6. The fourth wiring plate PL4 is attached to the anode terminal A1 of the first clamp element CD1 and the cathode terminal K2 of the second clamp element CD2 by means of bolts (not shown) provided in the collar 360. . Thereby, the fourth wiring plate PL4 is electrically connected to the anode terminal A1 and the cathode terminal K2.

The fourth wiring plate PL4 is drawn out in the traveling direction X of the electric vehicle, similarly to the first wiring plate PL1. The fourth wiring plate PL4 is bent in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the heat receiving plate 350 at one end portion of the heat receiving plate 350 and rises upward. The fourth wiring plate PL4 extends substantially parallel to the first wiring plate PL1 while maintaining a distance from the first wiring plate PL1 at the end of the heat receiving plate 350 so as not to be short-circuited with the first wiring plate PL1. is doing.

The third wiring plate PL3 is arranged so as not to contact the first, second, fourth, fifth, and sixth wiring plates PL1, PL2, PL4, PL5, and PL6 with reference to the surface of the heat receiving plate 350. The first, second, fourth, fifth, and sixth wiring plates PL1, PL2, PL4, PL5, and PL6 are provided above. The third wiring plate PL3 is attached to the emitter terminal E2 of the second switching element and the collector terminal C3 of the third switching element Q3 by bolts (not shown) or the like provided inside the collar 361. Thereby, the third wiring plate PL3 is electrically connected to the emitter terminal E2 and the collector terminal C3.

The third wiring plate PL3 is drawn out in the traveling direction X of the electric vehicle, but is opposite to the drawing direction of the first, fourth and sixth wiring plates PL1, PL4, PL6 (hereinafter also referred to as the reverse direction). Has been drawn to. Third wiring plate PL3 is bent in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of heat receiving plate 350 at the other end of heat receiving plate 350, and rises upward.

Thus, in the present embodiment, the first, third, fourth, and sixth wiring plates PL1, PL3, PL4, and PL6 are drawn out in the traveling direction (or reverse direction) of the electric vehicle. Thereby, the positive wiring P (first wiring plate PL1), the U-phase wiring (third wiring plate PL3), the neutral wiring C (fourth wiring plate PL4) and the negative wiring N (sixth wiring plate PL6). Connection becomes easy. The third wiring plate PL3 is drawn in the direction opposite to the drawing direction of the first, fourth, and sixth wiring plates PL1, PL4, and PL6. Therefore, it is possible to clearly distinguish the positive wiring P, the neutral wiring C and the negative wiring N that input DC power from the converter 30 side, and the U-phase wiring that outputs AC power to the motor 11. Thereby, attachment and wiring of the switching part 41 become easy.

The fourth wiring plate PL4 is disposed above the first, second, fifth, and sixth wiring plates PL1, PL2, PL5, and PL6, and the third wiring plate PL3 is disposed above the fourth wiring plate PL4. Be placed. Thus, the wiring corresponding to the arrangement of the first to fourth switching elements Q1 to Q4, the first and second clamp elements CD1 and CD2 while electrically insulating the first to sixth wiring plates PL1 to PL6 from each other. Is possible.

Here, in the power conversion device according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the first and fourth switching elements Q1, Q4 are arranged such that the collector terminal C1 and the emitter terminal E4 are adjacent to each other in the Y direction. Yes. Accordingly, the first and sixth wiring plates PL1 and PL6 can be drawn out in the X direction while being adjacent to each other. Further, the collector terminal C1 and the emitter terminal E4 are arranged at a position closer to one end portion in the X direction of the heat receiving plate 350 than the other terminals. Accordingly, the first and sixth wiring plates PL1 and PL6 are shortened (smaller), and both can be connected to the collector terminal C1 and the emitter terminal E4 with low inductance. Further, the first and sixth wiring plates PL1, PL6 can be easily pulled out from one end in the X direction.

The second and third switching elements Q2, Q3 are arranged so that the emitter terminal E2 and the collector terminal C3 are adjacent to each other in the Y direction. Therefore, the third wiring plate PL3 can be easily connected to the emitter terminal E2 and the collector terminal C3. Further, the emitter terminal E2 and the collector terminal C3 are arranged at a position closer to the other end portion in the X direction of the heat receiving plate 350 than the other terminals. Therefore, the third wiring plate PL3 becomes shorter (smaller) and can be connected to the emitter terminal E2 and the collector terminal C3 with low inductance. Further, the third wiring plate PL3 can be easily pulled out to the other end portion in the X direction.

The first and second switching elements Q1, Q2 are arranged so that the emitter terminal E1 and the collector terminal C2 are adjacent to each other in the X direction. The first clamp element CD1 is arranged such that the cathode terminal K1 is adjacent to the emitter terminal E1 and the collector terminal C2 in the Y direction. Therefore, the second wiring plate PL2 can be easily connected to the emitter terminal E1, the collector terminal C2, and the cathode terminal K1. Further, since the size of the second wiring plate PL2 can be reduced, the second wiring plate PL2 can connect the emitter terminal E1, the collector terminal C2, and the cathode terminal K1 with low inductance with low inductance.

The third and fourth switching elements Q3 and Q4 are arranged so that the emitter terminal E3 and the collector terminal C4 are adjacent to each other in the X direction. The second clamp element CD2 is arranged such that the anode terminal A2 is adjacent to the emitter terminal E3 and the collector terminal C4 in the Y direction. Therefore, the fifth wiring plate PL5 can be easily connected to the emitter terminal E3, the collector terminal C4, and the anode terminal A2. Further, since the size of the fifth wiring plate PL5 can be reduced, the fifth wiring plate PL5 can connect the emitter terminal E3, the collector terminal C4, and the anode terminal A2 with low inductance with low inductance.

The anode terminal A1 of the first clamp element CD1 and the cathode terminal K2 of the second clamp element CD2 are separated from each other, and are drawn from one end in the X direction of the heat receiving plate 350 by the relatively large fourth wiring plate PL4. Yes.

Thus, according to the present embodiment, the first to sixth wiring plates PL1 to PL6 can be connected to the terminals of the switching elements Q1 to Q4 and the terminals of the clamp elements CD1 and CD2 with low inductance. Thereby, a surge (overshoot) voltage generated transiently in the switching operation can be suppressed.

For example, a switching element formed of SiC or the like can be switched at a higher speed than a switching element formed of Si or the like. In this case, when the switching element is turned on, the voltage rises quickly (dV / dt is large), so that the surge (overshoot) voltage becomes high. Therefore, it is considered that the effect of the present embodiment appears more prominently by applying the arrangement of the switching elements and the configuration of the wiring plate according to the present embodiment to the switching elements formed using SiC or the like as a material.

Although several embodiments of the present invention have been described, these embodiments are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. These embodiments can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. These embodiments and their modifications are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are also included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

Claims

A power converter that includes an inverter or a converter and generates electric power to be supplied to a load of an electric vehicle,
The inverter or the converter is
A first switching element and a second switching element connected in series between a positive electrode wiring of DC power and a first phase wiring of AC power;
A third switching element and a fourth switching element connected in series between the first phase wiring of the AC power and the negative wiring of the DC power;
A first clamp element connected between a first node between the first switching element and the second switching element and a neutral point wiring of the DC power;
A second clamp element connected between a second node between the third switching element and the fourth switching element and the neutral point wiring;
The first to fourth switching elements, the first clamp element and the second clamp element are disposed on a support plate,
When viewed from above the support plate, the first and second switching elements are adjacent to each other in the traveling direction of the electric vehicle, the third and fourth switching elements are adjacent to each other in the traveling direction, and The first and second clamp elements are adjacent to the second and first switching elements in a direction substantially perpendicular to the traveling direction, respectively, and the first and second clamp elements are any of the first to fourth switching elements in the substantially vertical direction. Power conversion device adjacent to
A first wiring plate electrically connected to one terminal of the first switching element and functioning as the positive wiring;
A second wiring plate electrically connected to the other terminal of the first switching element, one terminal of the second switching element and one terminal of the first clamp element, and functioning as the first node;
A third wiring plate electrically connected to the other terminal of the second switching element and one terminal of the third switching element and functioning as the first phase wiring;
A fourth wiring plate electrically connected to the other terminal of the first clamp element and one terminal of the second clamp element and functioning as the neutral point wiring;
A fifth wiring plate electrically connected to the other terminal of the third switching element, one terminal of the fourth switching element and the other terminal of the second clamp element, and functioning as the second node;
A sixth wiring plate that is electrically connected to the other terminal of the fourth switching element and functions as the negative wiring;
The power converter according to claim 1, wherein the first to sixth wiring plates are electrically insulated from each other.
The power conversion device according to claim 2, wherein the first, third, fourth, and sixth wiring plates are drawn out in the traveling direction or in a reverse direction opposite to the traveling direction.
The first, fourth and sixth wiring plates are pulled out in the same direction;
4. The power converter according to claim 2, wherein the third wiring plate is drawn in a direction opposite to a drawing direction of the first, fourth, and sixth wiring plates. 5.
5. The power conversion device according to claim 2, wherein the third and fourth wiring plates are provided above the first, second, fifth, and sixth wiring plates. 6. .
The power converter according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the third wiring plate is provided above the fourth wiring plate.
The first clamp element is adjacent to the side surfaces of the first and second switching elements in the substantially vertical direction,
The power converter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second clamp element is adjacent to a side surface of the third and fourth switching elements in the substantially vertical direction.
The one terminal of the first clamp element is adjacent to the other terminal of the first switching element or the one terminal of the second switching element in the substantially vertical direction,
The other terminal of the second clamp element is adjacent to the other terminal of the third switching element or the one terminal of the fourth switching element in the substantially vertical direction. The power converter according to item.