WO2016154856A1 - 多用户传输的方法及装置 - Google Patents

多用户传输的方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016154856A1
WO2016154856A1 PCT/CN2015/075403 CN2015075403W WO2016154856A1 WO 2016154856 A1 WO2016154856 A1 WO 2016154856A1 CN 2015075403 W CN2015075403 W CN 2015075403W WO 2016154856 A1 WO2016154856 A1 WO 2016154856A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
beam direction
user group
current user
sta
indication
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PCT/CN2015/075403
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李彦淳
杨讯
李云波
刘乐
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2015/075403 priority Critical patent/WO2016154856A1/zh
Publication of WO2016154856A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016154856A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for multi-user transmission.
  • Multi-user transmission in the WIFI (Wireless Fidelity) system is the most important operation link in the whole system, and is the basis for ensuring communication between users.
  • the process of multi-user transmission is: AP (Access Point, access point) sends a specified frame for each STA (Station) to perform channel measurement, and each STA will measure the result, that is, CSI (Channel State Information). After being fed back to the AP, the AP performs centralized scheduling to generate user packets. After the grouping, the AP selects multiple STAs in a certain user group to allocate resources for multi-user transmission, and indicates subsequent resource allocation in the downlink frame.
  • STA Service
  • CSI Channel State Information
  • the AP needs to poll a large number of STAs to obtain the CSI of each STA before the user can be grouped; a large number of user space matching estimates are needed for central scheduling, especially in a high-density WIFI system, which consumes AP system resources.
  • the embodiments of the present invention provide a method and an apparatus for multi-user transmission.
  • the technical solution is as follows:
  • the first aspect a method for multi-user transmission, includes:
  • the multi-user triggering indication includes an allocated beam direction and an unassigned beam direction
  • the selecting, according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction, the beam direction of the local end to join the current user group including:
  • the signal strength is increased after the local end joins the current user group, and the beam direction of the interference variance is reduced.
  • the determining, according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction, the benefit information of the local end joining the current user group including:
  • the benefit information, the interference gain, the uplink signal transmit power of the local end, and the interference noise variance of the dual transmit side determine the benefit information of the local end to join the current user group.
  • the method further includes: determining, according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction, the beneficial information of the current user group to join the current user group, the method further includes:
  • the unassigned beam direction power is greater than the preset power, and the allocated beam direction power is less than the preset power, performing, according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction, determining that the local end joins the current The steps for the user group's usefulness information.
  • the sending, by the AP, a request to join a current user group includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • the benefit determination auxiliary information carries a benefit threshold for sending a request for joining the current user group to the AP;
  • the sending, by the AP, a request to join the current user group includes:
  • User group requests including:
  • the priority of the local contention channel is increased, and a request to join the current user group is sent to the AP according to the adjusted priority of the contention channel;
  • the manner of reducing the competition of the local competition channel is to increase the congestion window or reduce the probability of granting access.
  • the method further includes:
  • a downlink data buffer indication receives, by the AP, a downlink data buffer indication, where the downlink data buffer indication includes a downlink data volume of the local end;
  • the sending, by the AP, a request to join the current user group includes:
  • the priority of the local contending channel is decreased, and the request for joining the current user group is sent to the AP according to the adjusted degree of competition.
  • the method before the receiving the multi-user trigger indication sent by the AP, the method further includes:
  • the uplink data transmission request is sent to the AP;
  • an uplink data transmission request is sent to the AP.
  • the method further includes:
  • a beam direction allocation status indication receives, by the AP, a beam direction allocation status indication, where the beam direction allocation status indication includes a beam direction corresponding to one or more station STAs;
  • the second aspect a method for multi-user transmission, includes:
  • the method further includes:
  • the feedback indication is sent to each STA in turn by means of polling.
  • the method before the receiving, by the STAs, the request for joining the current user group, the method further includes:
  • the method before the receiving, by the STAs, the request for joining the current user group, the method further includes:
  • the benefit judgment auxiliary information is sent to each STA, and the benefit judgment auxiliary information carries a benefit threshold for transmitting a request for joining the current user group to the local end.
  • the method before the receiving, by the STAs, the request for joining the current user group, the method further includes:
  • the selecting according to the beam direction of the current user group that is selected by the STAs, and the information about the benefit of joining the current user group, selecting the STAs that join the current user group, including:
  • the STAs that are selected by the STAs are added to the current user group, and the beam direction of the current user group is selected according to the selected STAs.
  • the transmitting indication includes: a user group identifier and/or an STA identifier.
  • the method further includes:
  • the beam direction allocation status indication includes one or more beam directions corresponding to other STAs other than the STA, so that other STAs other than the STA according to the beam
  • the direction assignment status indicates an optimal adjustment of the beam direction.
  • the notifying the multi-user trigger indication to each STA includes:
  • a step of broadcasting a multi-user trigger indication to each STA is performed.
  • a device for multi-user transmission includes:
  • a first receiving module configured to receive a multi-user triggering indication sent by the AP, where the multi-user triggering indication includes an allocated beam direction and an unassigned beam direction;
  • a first selecting module configured to select a beam direction of the local end to join the current user group according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction;
  • a second selecting module configured to determine, according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction, the beneficial information of the local end joining the current user group
  • the first sending module is configured to send a request for joining the current user group to the AP, where the request carries the selected beam direction and the benefit information.
  • the first selecting module is used to:
  • the signal strength is increased after the local end joins the current user group, and the beam direction of the interference variance is reduced.
  • the second selecting module includes:
  • a first estimating unit configured to estimate, by using the unassigned beam direction, a gain received by the local uplink signal to the AP;
  • a second estimating unit configured to estimate, by using the allocated beam direction, an interference signal of the local end to receive interference gain of the other spatial data stream to the AP;
  • a determining unit configured to determine, according to the gain, the interference gain, the uplink signal transmit power of the local end, and the interference noise variance of the dual transmit side, the beneficial information of the local end to join the current user group.
  • the second selecting module further includes:
  • a first execution unit configured to perform, according to the allocated beam direction and an unallocated beam, if the unassigned beam direction power is greater than a preset power, and the allocated beam direction power is less than a preset power Direction, the step of determining the beneficial information of the local end to join the current user group.
  • the first sending module includes:
  • a first receiving unit configured to receive a feedback indication sent by the AP
  • the first sending unit is configured to send, according to the feedback indication, a request to join the current user group to the AP.
  • the device further includes:
  • a second receiving module configured to receive the benefit determining auxiliary information sent by the AP, where the benefit determining auxiliary information carries a benefit threshold for sending a request for joining the current user group to the AP value;
  • the first sending module includes:
  • a second sending unit configured to send, to the AP, a request to join the current user group, if the benefit information is greater than the benefit threshold.
  • the second sending unit is configured to:
  • the priority of the local contention channel is increased, and a request to join the current user group is sent to the AP according to the adjusted priority of the contention channel;
  • the manner of reducing the competition of the local competition channel is to increase the congestion window or reduce the probability of granting access.
  • the device further includes:
  • a third receiving module configured to receive a downlink data buffer indication sent by the AP, where the downlink data buffer indication includes a downlink data volume of the local end;
  • the first sending module includes:
  • a third sending unit configured to reduce a priority of the local contending channel if the downlink data volume is less than a preset data volume, and send a request for joining the current user group to the AP according to the adjusted contention degree.
  • the device further includes:
  • a second sending module configured to send an uplink data transmission request to the AP, if the multi-user triggering indication sent by the AP is not received within a preset time;
  • the third sending module is configured to send an uplink data transmission request to the AP when the local end has a high priority service.
  • the device further includes:
  • a fourth receiving module configured to receive a beam direction allocation status indication sent by the AP, where the beam direction allocation status indication includes a beam direction corresponding to one or more STAs;
  • an adjusting module configured to perform an optimal adjustment on a beam direction of the beam according to the beam direction allocation state indication.
  • a fourth aspect a device for multi-user transmission, comprising:
  • a broadcast module configured to broadcast, to each STA, a multi-user trigger indication, where the multi-user trigger indication packet Including the assigned beam direction and the unassigned beam direction;
  • the fifth receiving module is configured to receive a request for joining the current user group sent by each STA, where the request carries the beam direction of the current user group selected by each STA and the benefit information of joining the current user group;
  • a third selection module configured to select an STA that joins the current user group according to the beam direction of the current user group selected by the STAs and the benefit information of the current user group;
  • a fourth sending module configured to send a transmission indication to the current user group.
  • the device further includes:
  • the fifth sending module is configured to send a feedback indication to each STA in a polling manner.
  • the device further includes:
  • a fourth selecting module configured to select, according to the data volume of the cached data of each STA, the STA to be indicated;
  • a sixth sending module configured to send a feedback indication to the STA to be instructed in sequence.
  • the device further includes:
  • the seventh sending module is configured to send the benefit determining auxiliary information to each STA, where the benefit determining auxiliary information carries a benefit threshold for sending a request to join the current user group to the local end.
  • the device further includes:
  • an eighth sending module configured to send, to each STA, a downlink data buffer indication, where the downlink data buffer indication includes a downlink data volume of each STA.
  • the third selecting module is used to:
  • the STAs that are selected by the STAs are added to the current user group, and the beam direction of the current user group is selected according to the selected STAs.
  • the transmitting indication includes: a user group identifier and/or an STA identifier.
  • the device further includes:
  • a ninth sending module configured to sequentially allocate a status indication to a beam direction sent by each STA, where the beam direction allocation status indication includes one or more beam directions corresponding to other STAs other than the STA, so that the STA is removed.
  • the other STAs perform optimal adjustment of the beam direction according to the beam direction allocation state indication.
  • the broadcast module includes:
  • a second receiving unit configured to receive an uplink data transmission request sent by the STA
  • a second executing unit configured to perform, according to the uplink data transmission request, a step of broadcasting a multi-user trigger indication to each STA.
  • a fifth aspect a terminal, the terminal includes: a receiver, a processor, and a transmitter;
  • the receiver is configured to receive a multi-user triggering indication sent by the AP, where the multi-user triggering indication includes an allocated beam direction and an unassigned beam direction;
  • the processor is configured to select, according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction, a beam direction of the local end to join the current user group; determine the present according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction. Add the beneficial information of the current user group to the end;
  • the transmitter is configured to send a request for joining the current user group to the AP, where the request carries the selected beam direction and the benefit information.
  • the processor is further configured to: after the local end joins the current user group, increase signal strength according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction, and Reduce the beam direction of the interference variance.
  • the processor is further configured to: estimate, by using the unassigned beam direction, a gain received by the local uplink signal to the AP; by using the allocated beam And determining, according to the gain, the interference gain, the uplink signal transmit power of the local end, and the interference noise variance of the dual transmit side, determining the localization of the local uplink data signal by the direction The end joins the useful information of the current user group.
  • the processor is further configured to: if the unassigned beam direction power is greater than a preset power, and the allocated beam direction power is less than a preset power, Then, the step of determining the benefit information of the local end joining the current user group according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction is performed.
  • the receiver is further configured to receive a feedback indication sent by the AP;
  • the transmitter is further configured to send, according to the feedback indication, a request to join the current user group to the AP.
  • the receiver is further configured to receive the benefit determination auxiliary information that is sent by the AP, where the benefit determination auxiliary information is carried to send to the AP The benefit threshold for the request to join the current user group;
  • the transmitter is further configured to: if the benefit information is greater than the benefit threshold, Sending a request to join the current user group to the AP.
  • the transmitter is further configured to: if the benefit information is greater than the benefit threshold, improve The local device contends for the priority of the channel, and sends a request for joining the current user group to the AP according to the adjusted priority of the contention channel;
  • the manner of reducing the competition of the local competition channel is to increase the congestion window or reduce the probability of granting access.
  • the receiver is further configured to receive a downlink data buffer indication sent by the AP, where the downlink data buffer indication includes a downlink data volume of the local end;
  • the transmitter is further configured to: if the downlink data volume is less than a preset data volume, reduce a priority of the local contending channel, and send the current user to the AP according to the adjusted competition degree. Group of requests.
  • the transmitter is further configured to: when the multi-user trigger indication sent by the AP is not received within a preset time, send an uplink data transmission request to the AP. ;
  • the transmitter is further configured to send an uplink data transmission request to the AP when the local end has a high priority service.
  • the receiver is further configured to receive a beam direction allocation status indication sent by the AP, where the beam direction allocation status indication includes one or more STAs corresponding to Beam direction
  • the processor is further configured to perform an optimal adjustment on a beam direction of the beam according to the beam direction allocation state indication.
  • the sixth aspect an access point
  • the access point includes: a transmitter, a receiver, and a processor
  • the transmitter is configured to broadcast a multi-user trigger indication to each STA, where the multi-user trigger indication includes an allocated beam direction and an unassigned beam direction; and send a transmission indication to the current user group;
  • the receiver is configured to receive a request sent by each STA to join a current user group, where the request is Carrying the beam direction of the current user group selected by the STAs and the benefit information of joining the current user group;
  • the processor is configured to select an STA that joins the current user group according to the beam direction of the current user group selected by the STAs and the benefit information of the current user group.
  • the transmitter is further configured to send a feedback indication to each STA in a polling manner.
  • the processor is further configured to: select, according to the data volume of the cached data of each STA, the STA to be indicated;
  • the transmitter is further configured to send a feedback indication to the STA to be indicated in sequence.
  • the transmitter is further configured to send, to each STA, the benefit determining auxiliary information, where the benefit determining auxiliary information is used to send the current user to the local end.
  • the usefulness threshold for the group's request is further configured to send, to each STA, the benefit determining auxiliary information, where the benefit determining auxiliary information is used to send the current user to the local end.
  • the transmitter is further configured to send, to each STA, a downlink data buffer indication, where the downlink data buffer indication includes a downlink data volume of each STA.
  • the processor is further configured to: in the benefit information that the STA joins the current user group, select an optimal STA in the benefit information to join the current user group. And the beam direction of the current user group selected according to the selected STA.
  • the transmitting indication includes: a user group identifier and/or an STA identifier.
  • the transmitter is further configured to: perform a beam direction allocation status indication that is sent to each STA in sequence, where the beam direction allocation status indication includes one or more The beam direction corresponding to the STAs other than the STA, so that other STAs other than the STA perform the optimal adjustment of the beam direction according to the beam direction allocation state indication.
  • the receiver is further configured to receive an uplink data transmission request sent by the STA;
  • the transmitter is further configured to perform, according to the uplink data transmission request, a step of broadcasting a multi-user trigger indication to each STA.
  • the embodiment of the present invention selects the beam direction of the current user group and the beneficial information of the local end to join the current user group according to the multi-user triggering indication sent by the AP, and sends the information to the AP.
  • the request of the current user group the request carries the selected beam direction and the benefit information.
  • the direction of the beam added to the current user group is determined by the STA itself, which reduces the system resource consumption of the AP and improves the efficiency of multi-user transmission.
  • Embodiment 1 is a flowchart of a method for multi-user transmission according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a method for multi-user transmission according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention
  • Embodiment 3 is a flowchart of a method for multi-user transmission according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an example of multi-user transmission in a method for multi-user transmission according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a signaling interaction diagram in an example of multi-user transmission in a method for multi-user transmission according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a frame in an example of multi-user transmission in a method for multi-user transmission according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a method for multi-user transmission according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for multi-user transmission according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for multi-user transmission according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an access point according to Embodiment 7 of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method for multi-user transmission, see FIG.
  • the method includes:
  • the beam direction of the current user group is added, and the beneficial information of the local user group is added to the current user group, and the request for joining the current user group is sent to the AP, requesting The carried beam direction and the benefit information are carried.
  • the direction of the beam added to the current user group is determined by the STA itself, which reduces the system resource consumption of the AP and improves the efficiency of multi-user transmission.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method for multi-user transmission, see FIG. 2 .
  • the method includes:
  • 201 Broadcast a multi-user trigger indication to each STA, where the multi-user trigger indication includes an allocated beam direction and an unassigned beam direction;
  • the AP broadcasts a multi-user triggering indication to each STA, and receives the beam direction and the benefit information of the current user group that are selected by the STA according to the multi-user triggering indication; and the beam direction of the current user group selected according to each STA and Join the beneficial information of the current user group, select the STAs that join the current user group, and perform multi-user transmission.
  • the direction of the beam added to the current user group is determined by the STA itself, which reduces the system resource consumption of the AP and improves the efficiency of multi-user transmission.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method for multi-user transmission, see FIG. 3.
  • the method includes:
  • the AP broadcasts a multi-user trigger indication to each STA, and the multi-user trigger indication includes the allocated Beam direction and unallocated beam direction.
  • the allocated beam direction and the unallocated beam direction are represented by mathematical symbols.
  • the above beam direction may be digitally indicated in the HEW-SIG-A after being quantized, or may be transmitted in a simulated manner by corresponding beamforming of the HEW-LTF.
  • the method of beamforming can be performed by two methods, one is a time division manner, that is, each HEW-LTF symbol is used to indicate one beam direction; and the second can be combined by code division and time division. That is, one code segment sequence is used to indicate one beam direction in a group of HEW-LTF symbols, and time division is reflected in the next group of HEW-LTF symbols can reuse the code segment sequence in the previous group to indicate another beam direction.
  • the multi-user trigger indication may be carried in the downlink data packet for transmission, or may be sent in a dedicated control packet.
  • this step may be performed periodically by the AP according to a preset time.
  • the step may also trigger the AP to broadcast the multi-user trigger indication after the STA sends the uplink data transmission request.
  • the STA side needs to perform the following steps before the step is performed:
  • the STA sends an uplink data transmission request to the AP.
  • the STA When there is a high priority service on the local end, the STA sends an uplink data transmission request to the AP.
  • the high priority may be a priority above a pre-specified priority level.
  • the STA sends an uplink data transmission request to the AT to enable the AP to broadcast a multi-user trigger indication.
  • this step 301 is implemented by the following steps:
  • the AP receives an uplink data transmission request sent by the STA.
  • the AP performs a step of broadcasting a multi-user trigger indication to each STA according to the uplink data transmission request.
  • the STA receives the multi-user trigger indication sent by the AP, where the multi-user trigger indication includes the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction.
  • the STA may receive a set of HEW-LTF symbols, and extract the beam directions from the plurality of HEW-LTF symbols by using MRC (Maximal Ratio Combine) or MMSE (Minimum Mean Square Error).
  • MRC Maximum Ratio Combine
  • MMSE Minimum Mean Square Error
  • the HEW-SIG-A will indicate which of these beam directions are the assigned beam directions and which are the unassigned beam directions.
  • the HEW-STF will contain the indication information, and the HEW-SIG-A is part of the indication information or the indication information.
  • the capacity can be divided into multiple parts and verified by the CRC.
  • the HEW-SIG-A may indicate a one-to-one mapping relationship between the spatial data stream and the beam direction of the user by a single STA, or a group of users, or a mixture of STA+ user groups. For two or more users who often have data to form a spatial parallel transmission, a user group can be formed to reduce the user indication overhead.
  • the LTF Long Training Field
  • the HEW-SIG-A can indicate the meaning of these beam directions.
  • the unassigned beam direction can be indicated explicitly by HEW-SIG-A or implicitly by HEW-SIG-A.
  • NELTF Number of extended LTF, extended number of long training fields
  • NELTF is the number of ELTFs (Extended LTFs, extended long training fields).
  • the ELTF symbol is transmitted in the direction of the unassigned beam.
  • the maximum LTF number of the AP is NMLTF, which can be the maximum number of data streams or AP antennas supported by the AP.
  • the NDLTF (Number of data LTF) is the number of allocated beam directions. In this way, there is no need to explicitly interact with the NELTF.
  • the unassigned beam direction may not be limited, so that all STAs may participate in the competition of successive user grouping in the subsequent steps. Because there are as many users as possible to compete. User group labels can also be given so that only STAs within the user group can compete. Service indications can also be given, and only users with the business level data can compete. Priority marking can also be given, and only users with this priority data can compete. The matching threshold flag can also be given. Only users above the matching threshold can compete. The matching degree can be SINR (Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio), SLNR (Signal to Leakage and Noise Ratio). , signal to leakage and noise ratio).
  • the channel experienced by HEW-LTF a1 is estimated by HEW-LTF, and the estimated value is recorded as
  • the estimated values of all channels are expressed in a matrix as:
  • the beam directions corresponding to the HEW-LTF can be directly obtained through channel estimation, that is, If the beam direction is quantized and indicated in the HEW-SIG-A after quantization, the vector direction w a1, AP1 quantized in the HEW-SIG-A is first obtained , and the beam direction can pass through w a1, AP1 and Multiply to get the effective channel direction (or beam direction) of the AP end In the same way, other assigned beam directions can also be obtained. And unassigned beam directions
  • unallocated beam directions can be written in matrix form:
  • the assigned beam direction can be written in matrix form:
  • the specific selection process can be calculated by the following formula:
  • the feature vector corresponding to the largest eigenvalue is selected as v STAx , and the STA can be based on MRT (Maximal Ratio)
  • v STAx is the feature vector corresponding to the selected beam direction.
  • the selection requirement is: to simultaneously improve the gain of the uplink signal received by the AP and reduce the interference gain for the AP to receive other spatial data streams, the allocated beam direction and the unallocated beam direction can be used to determine v STAx .
  • OBSS overlapping basic service set
  • the specific process of selecting the beam direction of the local end to join the current user group can be implemented by: according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction, the signal strength is enhanced after the local end is added to the current user group, and the interference is reduced.
  • the beam direction of the variance can be implemented by: according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction, the signal strength is enhanced after the local end is added to the current user group, and the interference is reduced.
  • STAx can evaluate the benefit of joining the current user group according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction.
  • the specific method may be: STAx selects a beamforming vector v STAx for transmitting an uplink signal, and estimates, by using an unallocated beam direction, a gain that the uplink signal of STAx is received by the AP, Or estimating the interference gain of the STAx uplink signal to the AP receiving other spatial data streams by the allocated beam direction, Or combine the last two points to estimate the SPR indicator of the uplink signal of STAx to the AP,
  • the calculation method of the beneficial information of the local user group added to the current user group may be the following formula:
  • P STAx is the uplink signal transmission power of STAx; ⁇ is the interference noise variance of the dual transmitter; ⁇ can be obtained by multiplying the noise power by a unit matrix;
  • the unit array I NSTAx size is the NSTAx row NSTAx column.
  • ⁇ can also contain both noise and transmitter OBSS.
  • the STA may process the current beam direction allocation state information in a power saving mode.
  • the initial judgment is based on the LTF power, and if the LTF power of the unallocated beam direction received by the STAx is stronger, higher than LTF_Symbol_High threshold, and the allocated beam direction LTF power is weaker than the LTF_Symbol_High threshold, then the above steps are used to carefully evaluate the benefit of joining the current user group.
  • STAx refers to any one of the STAs.
  • step 304 can be implemented by the following steps:
  • the STA can inform the AP that it wants to join the user group by sending a request frame to join the user group.
  • the request frame added to the user group may include a spatial beamforming direction of the STA uplink transmission, and may also include a beamforming direction and a benefit indicator.
  • this step can be divided into the following two cases.
  • STAx may send the request to the AP by using a dedicated frame, and the STAx may also carry the request to the AP in the uplink data frame.
  • the AP can poll the designated STA and ask for the benefit of joining the current user group.
  • the AP can also poll multiple designated STAs.
  • the STAs can be fed back in the TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access) in the time domain.
  • the OFDMA Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access
  • the way of frequency division multiple access is transmitted simultaneously in different subbands in the frequency dimension.
  • the AP needs to poll the specified STA to send a request. Before performing this step 305, the AP needs to perform the following steps:
  • the feedback indication is sent to each STA in turn by means of polling.
  • step 305 is implemented in the following manner:
  • the AP is sent a request to join the current user group.
  • the AP may preferentially poll the STA with a larger buffer size in order to improve the efficiency of the sending. Because these STAs join the concurrent transmission of the user group successfully, they will continue to transmit, maximizing the benefits of concurrency.
  • the AP can pass the STA cache size report. The size of the cache is known, and the cache size can also be predicted based on historical traffic conditions and traffic categories.
  • the AP instructs the STA to send a request according to the amount of cached data of each STA.
  • the AP needs to perform the following steps:
  • the feedback indication is sent to the STA to be instructed in turn.
  • step 305 is implemented in the following manner:
  • the AP is sent a request to join the current user group.
  • AP can also allow users to use competitive feedback.
  • a competitive approach can avoid polling users with poor benefits and consuming air interface resources.
  • Competitive feedback can be in the time domain or in the time domain.
  • the random access mode may be a random access based on a congestion window mode or a random access in a p-persistent mode.
  • the STA may decide whether to participate in the feedback based on the benefit. Only good STAs can participate in the competition to feed back the beneficial information to the AP.
  • the judgment of good or bad can be determined by the STA autonomously according to the historical channel condition, or can be determined by the AP broadcast benefit judgment auxiliary information.
  • the benefit determination auxiliary information may be a gain that the uplink signal is received by the AP, an interference gain for the AP to receive other spatial data streams, or a threshold of the SPR indicator, or may be a threshold after the threshold is normalized to the STA. If the gain and SPR indicators received by the AP for the uplink signal are higher than the benefit threshold, the benefit is considered to be good; otherwise, the benefit is poor. If the interference gain of the AP receiving other spatial data streams is lower than the benefit threshold, the benefit is considered to be good; otherwise, the benefit is poor.
  • the STA determines whether to participate in the feedback process according to the benefit.
  • the AP side needs to perform the following steps:
  • the AP sends the benefit judgment auxiliary information to each STA, and the benefit judgment auxiliary information carries a benefit threshold for sending the request for joining the current user group to the local end.
  • the benefit threshold may be a gain that the uplink signal is received by the AP, an interference gain for the AP to receive other spatial data streams, or a threshold of the SPR indicator, or may be a threshold after the threshold is normalized to the STA.
  • the STA side needs to perform the following steps:
  • the benefit judgment auxiliary information carries a benefit threshold for sending a request for joining the current user group to the AP;
  • step 305 is implemented in the following manner:
  • the AP is sent a request to join the current user group.
  • the STA may determine the degree of competition in participating in the feedback based on the benefit, and the STA with higher profitability may have higher competition, so that the channel may be accessed in a shorter time with a higher probability.
  • Feedback The control method of the competition, for the random access in the congestion window mode, may increase the congestion window size to reduce the competition degree; for the p-persistent mode, the probability of granting access may be reduced to reduce the competition.
  • the CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access
  • OFDMA Orthogonal Sense Multiple Access
  • step 305 is implemented by:
  • the priority of the local contending channel is increased, and the request for joining the current user group is sent to the AP according to the adjusted priority of the contending channel;
  • the manner of reducing the competition of the local competition channel is to increase the congestion window or reduce the probability of granting access.
  • the second case is for downlink transmission:
  • the above specified user group or competitive feedback mode can also be adopted.
  • the downlink data cache size of the user can be used to directly determine which users are polled.
  • the AP can use the Beacon frame to indicate the downlink data buffer status of each STA because the STA does not know the buffer size of the downlink data of the AP.
  • the AP may indicate all STAs with buffered downlink data in the DTIM (Delivery Traffic Indication Map) frame, and then indicate only STAs with larger buffers in subsequent TIM frames.
  • the STA can learn the buffer size of the downlink data of the AP end according to the pattern indicated in the TIM frame within a certain period of time (DTIM frame period), and then determine whether to participate in the competition according to the buffer size of the downlink data.
  • DTIM Delivery Traffic Indication Map
  • the AP needs to perform the following steps before the step 305 in the process of the STA instructing the feedback:
  • the AP sends a downlink data buffer indication to each STA, and the downlink data buffer indication includes the downlink data volume of each STA.
  • the STA side needs to perform the following steps:
  • the AP Receiving, by the AP, a downlink data buffer indication, where the downlink data buffer indication includes the downlink data volume of the local end;
  • step 305 is implemented in the following manner:
  • the priority of the local contending channel is lowered, and the request for joining the current user group is sent to the AP according to the adjusted degree of competition.
  • the AP may randomly select one STA to join the user group from the STAs that request the feedback, or may select an appropriate STA according to the benefit information of the STA feedback request.
  • the process of selecting an appropriate STA by the AP according to the benefit information is specifically:
  • the STAs that are selected by the STAs are added to the current user group, and the beam direction of the current user group is selected according to the selected STA.
  • the AP sends a transmission indication to the current user group.
  • the transmission indication includes: a user group identifier and/or an STA identifier.
  • the AP can join the selected STA to the user group for a long time, or allow the STA to temporarily transmit with the user group.
  • the user group identifier is included in the transmission indication, it indicates that the indicated resource may include data transmission for the STA.
  • the transmission indication includes the user group identifier and the identity of the STA. If the previous user groups are temporary STAs, all relevant temporary STA identifiers for this transmission are transmitted in the transmission indication.
  • step 301 the process returns to step 301 to broadcast the current beam direction allocation state, and continues to join the STA. Otherwise, proceed to step 308 to begin transmission.
  • the figure shows a schematic diagram of a frame structure in an example of multi-user transmission.
  • the first step is that the AP broadcasts the current beam direction allocation state.
  • the user STA1 sends the RTS to become the first STA in the user group.
  • the AP broadcasts the current beam direction allocation state, and STA2 joins the user group.
  • the AP no longer allows the new STA to join, but sends the MU-CTS to initiate multi-user uplink transmission.
  • the channel bandwidth (20MHz) may be much larger than the channel coherence bandwidth (for example, 3MHz), it is good to find two or more users on the entire 20MHz channel. The match is more difficult. So, in the front part of the STA (such as STA1) Once selected, other STAs will find it less beneficial to join the current user group on the entire 20 MHz channel. However, they are likely to match STA1 better on part of the bandwidth, for example, STA2 uses the upper 10MHz channel and STA3 uses the lower 10MHz channel. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, a signaling interaction diagram between the AP and STA1, STA2, and STA3 is shown in the figure.
  • STA1 uses the upper 10MHz channel
  • STA3 uses the lower 10MHz channel.
  • the LTF symbol will also be allocated to the two STAs according to the frequency band preferred by the user, as shown in FIG. 6, which shows a schematic diagram of the frame structure when the channel bandwidth is greater than the channel coherence bandwidth, including STA1. , STA2, STA3 LTF symbol beam allocation.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method for optimizing a spatial beamforming direction in a multi-user transmission method, as shown in FIG. 7.
  • the method includes:
  • the AP may determine whether to optimize the spatial beamforming direction according to the mutual interference of the spatial data streams in the user group. If the mutual interference of the spatial data streams in the user group is small or the spatial beamforming direction is not optimized, it is not necessary to optimize the spatial beamforming direction.
  • the spatial beamforming direction can be performed according to the CSI of the STA known locally by the AP. It can also be performed through an air interface.
  • the AP can broadcast the current beam direction allocation state, and let the STA optimize the beamforming direction of the user end according to the current state.
  • the beamforming direction optimization through the air interface can be implemented in two ways. One is sequential, that is, a specified part of the user (such as STA1) adjusts first, and then the user feeds back to the AP, and the AP adjusts and broadcasts the adjusted beam direction. The status is assigned, and then the AP adjusts another part of the user (such as STA2); the other is concurrent, that is, the specified part of the user (such as STA1, STA2) is adjusted in parallel, and then some users (such as STA3, STA4) can be specified. Make adjustments in parallel.
  • a specified part of the user such as STA1
  • STA1 the user feeds back to the AP
  • the AP adjusts and broadcasts the adjusted beam direction.
  • the status is assigned, and then the AP adjusts another part of the user (such as STA2); the other is concurrent, that is, the specified part of the user (such as STA1, STA2) is adjusted in parallel, and then some users (such as STA3, STA4) can be specified.
  • the STA receives the beam direction allocation status indication sent by the AP, where the beam direction allocation status indication includes a beam direction corresponding to one or more STAs.
  • the STA optimizes and adjusts its own beam direction according to the beam direction allocation status indication.
  • the beam direction of the current user group is added, and the beneficial information of the local user group is added to the current user group, and the request for joining the current user group is sent to the AP, requesting The carried beam direction and the benefit information are carried.
  • the STA itself decides to select the beam direction to join the current user group, which reduces the system resource consumption of the AP and improves the efficiency of multi-user transmission.
  • the AP broadcasts a multi-user triggering indication to each STA, and receives the beam direction and the benefit information of the current user group that the STA selects according to the multi-user triggering indication; the beam direction of the current user group selected by each STA and the current user group.
  • the beneficial information is selected to join the STA of the current user group and perform multi-user transmission.
  • the direction of the beam added to the current user group is determined by the STA itself, which reduces the system resource consumption of the AP and improves the efficiency of multi-user transmission.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a device for multi-user transmission, see FIG. 8.
  • the device includes:
  • the first receiving module 801 is configured to receive a multi-user triggering indication sent by the AP, where the multi-user triggering indication includes an allocated beam direction and an unassigned beam direction;
  • the first selection module 802 is configured to select a beam direction of the local end to join the current user group according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction.
  • the second selecting module 803 is configured to determine, according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction, the beneficial information of the local end joining the current user group;
  • the first sending module 804 is configured to send a request for joining the current user group to the AP, where the request carries the selected beam direction and the benefit information.
  • the first selection module 802 is configured to:
  • the signal strength of the local end added to the current user group is increased, and the beam direction of the interference variance is reduced.
  • the second selection module 803 includes:
  • a first estimating unit configured to estimate, by using an unallocated beam direction, a gain received by the uplink signal of the local end to the AP;
  • a second estimating unit configured to estimate, by using the allocated beam direction, an interference gain of the local uplink data signal to the AP to receive other spatial data streams;
  • the determining unit is configured to determine, according to the gain, the interference gain, the uplink signal transmit power of the local end, and the interference noise variance of the dual transmit side, the beneficial information of the local end to join the current user group is determined.
  • the second selection module 803 further includes:
  • a first execution unit configured to determine that the local end joins according to the allocated beam direction and the unallocated beam direction, if the unassigned beam direction power is greater than the preset power, and the allocated beam direction power is less than the preset power. The steps of the usefulness information of the current user group.
  • the first sending module 804 includes:
  • a first receiving unit configured to receive a feedback indication sent by the AP
  • the first sending unit is configured to send, according to the feedback indication, a request to join the current user group to the AP.
  • the device further comprises:
  • the second receiving module 805 is configured to receive the benefit determination auxiliary information sent by the AP, where the benefit determining auxiliary information carries a benefit threshold for sending a request for joining the current user group to the AP.
  • the first sending module 804 includes:
  • a second sending unit configured to send, to the AP, a request to join the current user group if the benefit information is greater than the benefit threshold.
  • the second sending unit is used to:
  • the priority of the local contending channel is increased, and the request for joining the current user group is sent to the AP according to the adjusted priority of the contending channel;
  • the manner of reducing the competition of the local competition channel is to increase the congestion window or reduce the probability of granting access.
  • the device further comprises:
  • the third receiving module 806 is configured to receive a downlink data buffer indication sent by the AP, where the downlink data buffer indication includes a downlink data volume of the local end;
  • the first sending module 804 includes:
  • the third sending unit is configured to reduce the priority of the local contending channel if the downlink data volume is less than the preset data volume, and send a request for joining the current user group to the AP according to the adjusted degree of competition.
  • the device further comprises:
  • the second sending module 807 is configured to not receive the multi-user triggering finger sent by the AP within a preset time. Displaying an uplink data transmission request to the AP;
  • the third sending module 808 is configured to send an uplink data transmission request to the AP when the local end has a high priority service.
  • the device further comprises:
  • the fourth receiving module 809 is configured to receive a beam direction allocation status indication sent by the AP, where the beam direction allocation status indication includes a beam direction corresponding to one or more STAs;
  • the adjusting module 810 is configured to perform optimal adjustment on the beam direction of the beam according to the beam direction allocation state indication.
  • the beam direction of the current user group is added, and the beneficial information of the local user group is added to the current user group, and the request for joining the current user group is sent to the AP, requesting The carried beam direction and the benefit information are carried.
  • the direction of the beam added to the current user group is determined by the STA itself, which reduces the system resource consumption of the AP and improves the efficiency of multi-user transmission.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a device for multi-user transmission, see FIG.
  • the device includes:
  • the broadcast module 901 is configured to broadcast, to each STA, a multi-user trigger indication, where the multi-user trigger indication includes an allocated beam direction and an unassigned beam direction;
  • the fifth receiving module 902 is configured to receive a request for joining the current user group sent by each STA, where the request carries the beam direction of the current user group selected by each STA and the benefit information of joining the current user group;
  • the third selection module 903 is configured to select an STA that joins the current user group according to the beam direction of the current user group selected by each STA and the benefit information of the current user group.
  • the fourth sending module 904 is configured to send a transmission indication to the current user group.
  • the device further comprises:
  • the fifth sending module 905 is configured to send a feedback indication to each STA in a polling manner.
  • the device further comprises:
  • the fourth selecting module 906 is configured to select, according to the data volume of the cached data of each STA, the to-be-instructed STA;
  • the sixth sending module 907 is configured to send a feedback indication to the STA to be instructed in sequence.
  • the device further comprises:
  • the seventh sending module 908 is configured to send the benefit determining auxiliary information to each STA, where the benefit determining auxiliary information carries a benefit threshold for sending a request to join the current user group to the local end.
  • the device further comprises:
  • the eighth sending module 909 is configured to send a downlink data buffer indication to each STA, where the downlink data buffer indication includes a downlink data volume of each STA.
  • the third selection module 903 is configured to:
  • the STAs that are selected by the STAs are added to the current user group, and the beam direction of the current user group is selected according to the selected STA.
  • the transmission indication includes: a user group identifier and/or an STA identifier.
  • the device further comprises:
  • the ninth sending module 910 is configured to sequentially allocate a status indication to a beam direction that is sent to each STA.
  • the beam direction allocation status indication includes one or more beam directions corresponding to STAs other than the STA, so that other STAs other than the STA according to the beam
  • the direction assignment status indicates an optimal adjustment of the beam direction.
  • the broadcast module 901 includes:
  • a second receiving unit configured to receive an uplink data transmission request sent by the STA
  • a second executing unit configured to perform, according to the uplink data transmission request, a step of broadcasting a multi-user trigger indication to each STA.
  • the AP broadcasts a multi-user triggering indication to each STA, and receives the beam direction and the benefit information of the current user group that are selected by the STA according to the multi-user triggering indication; and the beam direction of the current user group selected according to each STA and Join the beneficial information of the current user group, select the STAs that join the current user group, and perform multi-user transmission.
  • the STA Realized by the STA itself to decide to choose plus
  • the beam direction of the current user group reduces the system resource consumption of the AP and improves the efficiency of multi-user transmission.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a terminal, as shown in FIG.
  • the terminal includes: a receiver 1001, a processor 1002, and a transmitter 1003;
  • the receiver 1001 is configured to receive a multi-user trigger indication sent by the AP, where the multi-user trigger indication includes an allocated beam direction and an unassigned beam direction.
  • the processor 1002 is configured to select a beam direction of the local end to join the current user group according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction; and determine that the local end joins the current user group according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction.
  • Beneficial information
  • the sender 1003 is configured to send a request for joining the current user group to the AP, where the request carries the selected beam direction and the benefit information.
  • the processor 1002 is further configured to select, according to the allocated beam direction and the unassigned beam direction, a signal strength enhancement after the local end joins the current user group, and reduce a beam direction of the interference variance.
  • the processor 1002 is further configured to: estimate, by using an unassigned beam direction, a gain received by the local uplink signal to the AP; and use the allocated beam direction to estimate an interference gain of the local uplink signal to the AP to receive other spatial data streams;
  • the interference gain, the uplink signal transmit power of the local end, and the interference noise variance of the dual transmit side determine the usefulness information of the local end to join the current user group.
  • the processor 1002 is further configured to: if the unassigned beam direction power is greater than the preset power, and the allocated beam direction power is less than the preset power, perform determining according to the allocated beam direction and the unallocated beam direction. The step of adding the benefit information of the current user group.
  • the receiver 1001 is further configured to receive a feedback indication sent by the AP.
  • the sender 1003 is further configured to send, according to the feedback indication, a request to join the current user group to the AP.
  • the receiver 1001 is further configured to receive the benefit determination auxiliary information sent by the AP, where the benefit determination auxiliary information carries a benefit threshold for sending a request for joining the current user group to the AP.
  • the sender 1003 is further configured to send a request for joining the current user group to the AP if the benefit information is greater than the benefit threshold.
  • the transmitter 1003 is further configured to: if the benefit information is greater than the benefit threshold, increase the priority of the local contending channel, and send a request for joining the current user group to the AP according to the adjusted priority of the contending channel;
  • the manner of reducing the competition of the local competition channel is to increase the congestion window or reduce the probability of granting access.
  • the receiver 1001 is further configured to receive a downlink data buffer indication sent by the AP, where the downlink data buffer indication includes a downlink data volume of the local end.
  • the transmitter 1003 is further configured to: if the downlink data volume is less than the preset data volume, reduce the priority of the local contending channel, and send a request for joining the current user group to the AP according to the adjusted competition degree.
  • the transmitter 1003 is further configured to: after receiving the multi-user trigger indication sent by the AP within a preset time, send an uplink data transmission request to the AP;
  • the transmitter 1003 is further configured to send an uplink data transmission request to the AP when the local end has a high priority service.
  • the receiver 1001 is further configured to receive a beam direction allocation status indication sent by the AP, where the beam direction allocation status indication includes a beam direction corresponding to one or more STAs;
  • the processor 1002 is further configured to perform an optimal adjustment on a beam direction of the beam according to the beam direction allocation state indication.
  • the beam direction of the current user group is added, and the beneficial information of the local user group is added to the current user group, and the request for joining the current user group is sent to the AP, requesting The carried beam direction and the benefit information are carried.
  • the direction of the beam added to the current user group is determined by the STA itself, which reduces the system resource consumption of the AP and improves the efficiency of multi-user transmission.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an access point, as shown in FIG.
  • the access point includes: a transmitter 1101, a receiver 1102, and a processor 1103;
  • the transmitter 1101 is configured to broadcast, to each STA, a multi-user trigger indication, where the multi-user trigger indication includes an allocated beam direction and an unassigned beam direction; and sends a transmission indication to the current user group;
  • the receiver 1102 is configured to receive a request for joining the current user group sent by each STA, where the request carries the beam direction of the current user group selected by each STA and the benefit information of joining the current user group;
  • the processor 1103 is configured to select an STA that joins the current user group according to the beam direction of the current user group selected by each STA and the benefit information of joining the current user group.
  • the transmitter 1101 is further configured to send a feedback indication to each STA in a polling manner.
  • the processor 1103 is further configured to select, according to the data volume of the cached data of each STA, the STA to be indicated;
  • the transmitter 1101 is further configured to send a feedback indication to the STA to be instructed in sequence.
  • the transmitter 1101 is further configured to send the benefit determination auxiliary information to each STA, where the benefit determination auxiliary information carries a benefit threshold for sending a request to join the current user group to the local end.
  • the transmitter 1101 is further configured to send a downlink data buffer indication to each STA, where the downlink data buffer indication includes a downlink data amount of each STA.
  • the processor 1103 is further configured to: in the benefit information of the current user group, the STAs that are selected by the STAs are added to the current user group, and the beam direction of the current user group is selected according to the selected STA. .
  • the transmission indication includes: a user group identifier and/or an STA identifier.
  • the transmitter 1101 is further configured to perform a beam direction allocation status indication that is sent to each STA in sequence, and the beam direction allocation status indication includes one or more beam sides corresponding to STAs other than the STA. Orienting so that other STAs other than the STA perform optimal adjustment of the beam direction according to the beam direction allocation state indication.
  • the receiver 1102 is further configured to receive an uplink data transmission request sent by the STA.
  • the transmitter 1101 is further configured to perform, according to the uplink data transmission request, a step of broadcasting a multi-user trigger indication to each STA.
  • the AP broadcasts a multi-user triggering indication to each STA, and receives the beam direction and the benefit information of the current user group that are selected by the STA according to the multi-user triggering indication; and the beam direction of the current user group selected according to each STA and Join the beneficial information of the current user group, select the STAs that join the current user group, and perform multi-user transmission.
  • the direction of the beam added to the current user group is determined by the STA itself, which reduces the system resource consumption of the AP and improves the efficiency of multi-user transmission.
  • the storage medium may be a read only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk or the like.

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Abstract

本发明实施例提供了一种多用户传输的方法及装置，涉及通信技术领域，方法包括：接收接入点AP发送的多用户触发指示；根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向；根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息；向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。本发明根据接收到的AP发送的多用户触发指示，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向以及本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息，并向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，请求中携带选取到的波束方向以及有益性信息。实现了由STA自身来决策选取加入当前用户组的波束方向，降低了AP的系统资源消耗，提高了多用户传输的效率。

Description

多用户传输的方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，特别涉及一种多用户传输的方法及装置。
背景技术
在WIFI(Wireless Fidelity，无线保真)系统中多用户传输是整个系统中最重要的运行环节，是保证各用户通信的基础。
目前，多用户传输的过程为：AP(Access Point，接入点)发送指定的帧让各STA(Station，站点)进行信道测量，各STA将测量结果即CSI(Channel State Information，信道状态信息)反馈给AP后，AP进行中心化调度，生成用户分组。在分组之后AP选取某个用户分组内多个STA为其分配资源进行多用户传输，并在下行的帧中指示后续的资源分配。
发明人发现现有技术至少存在以下问题：
AP需要分别轮询大量STA得到各STA的CSI才可进行用户分组；需要进行大量的用户空间匹配估计来进行中心调度，特别是高用户密度的WIFI系统中极其消耗AP的系统资源。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术的缺陷，本发明实施例提供了一种多用户传输的方法及装置。所述技术方案如下：
第一方面、一种多用户传输的方法，包括：
接收接入点AP发送的多用户触发指示，所述多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；
根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向；
根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，所述请求中携带所述选取到的波 束方向以及所述有益性信息。
在第一方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向，包括：
根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组后信号强度增强，且降低干扰方差的波束方向。
在第一方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息，包括：
通过所述未分配的波束方向估计本端的上行信号对所述AP接收的增益；
通过所述已分配的波束方向估计本端的上行信号对所述AP接收其他空间数据流的干扰增益；
根据所述增益，所述干扰增益，所述本端的上行信号发射功率以及对偶的发射方的干扰噪声方差确定所述本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息。
在第一方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息之前，所述方法还包括：
如果所述未分配的波束方向功率大于预设功率，且所述已分配的波束方向功率小于预设功率，则执行根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息的步骤。
在第一方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，包括：
接收所述AP发送的反馈指示；
根据所述反馈指示，向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
在第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
接收所述AP发送的有益性判断辅助信息，所述有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值；
相应的，所述向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，包括：
如果所述有益性信息大于所述有益性阈值，则向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
结合第一方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第一方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述如果所述有益性信息大于所述有益性阈值，则向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，包括：
如果所述有益性信息大于所述有益性阈值，则提高所述本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争信道的优先级向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求；
其中，降低所述本端竞争信道的竞争度的方式为增大拥塞窗口或降低准许接入的概率。
在第一方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
接收所述AP发送的下行数据缓存指示，所述下行数据缓存指示中包括本端的下行数据量；
相应的，所述向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，包括：
如果所述下行数据量小于预设数据量，则降低所述本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争度向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
在第一方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述接收AP发送的多用户触发指示之前，所述方法还包括：
在预设时间内未接收到所述AP发送的多用户触发指示，则向所述AP发送上行数据传输请求；
或者，
当本端存在高优先级业务时，向所述AP发送上行数据传输请求。
在第一方面的第九种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
接收所述AP发送的波束方向分配状态指示，所述波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个站点STA对应的波束方向；
根据所述波束方向分配状态指示对自身的波束方向进行优化调整。
第二方面、一种多用户传输的方法，包括：
向各STA广播多用户触发指示，所述多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；
接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求，所述请求中携带所述各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
根据所述各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA；
向所述当前用户组发送传输指示。
在第二方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述接收各STA发送的加入当前 用户组的请求之前，所述方法还包括：
采用轮询的方式依次向各STA发送反馈指示。
在第二方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求之前，所述方法还包括：
根据各STA的缓存数据的数据量，选取待指示的STA；
依次向所述待指示的STA发送反馈指示。
在第二方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求之前，所述方法还包括：
向各STA发送有益性判断辅助信息，所述有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向本端发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值。
在第二方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求之前，所述方法还包括：
向各STA发送下行数据缓存指示，所述下行数据缓存指示中包括所述各STA的下行数据量。
在第二方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述根据所述各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA，包括：
在所述各STA加入当前用户组的有益性信息中，选取有益性信息中最优的STA加入当前用户组，并根据所述选取的STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向。
在第二方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述传输指示中包括：用户组标识和/或STA标识。
在第二方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述方法还包括：
依次向各STA发送的波束方向分配状态指示，所述波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个除所述STA以外其他STA对应的波束方向，以使除所述STA以外其他STA根据所述波束方向分配状态指示进行波束方向的优化调整。
在第二方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述向各STA广播多用户触发指示，包括：
接收STA发送的上行数据传输请求；
根据所述上行数据传输请求，执行向各STA广播多用户触发指示的步骤。
第三方面、一种多用户传输的装置，包括：
第一接收模块，用于接收AP发送的多用户触发指示，所述多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；
第一选取模块，用于根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向；
第二选取模块，用于根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
第一发送模块，用于向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，所述请求中携带所述选取到的波束方向以及所述有益性信息。
在第三方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述第一选取模块用于：
根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组后信号强度增强，且降低干扰方差的波束方向。
在第三方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述第二选取模块，包括：
第一估计单元，用于通过所述未分配的波束方向估计本端的上行信号对所述AP接收的增益；
第二估计单元，用于通过所述已分配的波束方向估计本端的上行信号对所述AP接收其他空间数据流的干扰增益；
确定单元，用于根据所述增益，所述干扰增益，所述本端的上行信号发射功率以及对偶的发射方的干扰噪声方差确定所述本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息。
在第三方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述第二选取模块，还包括：
第一执行单元，用于如果所述未分配的波束方向功率大于预设功率，且所述已分配的波束方向功率小于预设功率，则执行根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息的步骤。
在第三方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述第一发送模块，包括：
第一接收单元，用于接收所述AP发送的反馈指示；
第一发送单元，用于根据所述反馈指示，向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
在第三方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
第二接收模块，用于接收所述AP发送的有益性判断辅助信息，所述有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈 值；
相应的，所述第一发送模块，包括：
第二发送单元，用于如果所述有益性信息大于所述有益性阈值，则向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
结合第三方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第三方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述第二发送单元用于：
如果所述有益性信息大于所述有益性阈值，则提高所述本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争信道的优先级向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求；
其中，降低所述本端竞争信道的竞争度的方式为增大拥塞窗口或降低准许接入的概率。
在第三方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
第三接收模块，用于接收所述AP发送的下行数据缓存指示，所述下行数据缓存指示中包括本端的下行数据量；
相应的，所述第一发送模块，包括：
第三发送单元，用于如果所述下行数据量小于预设数据量，则降低所述本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争度向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
在第三方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
第二发送模块，用于在预设时间内未接收到所述AP发送的多用户触发指示，则向所述AP发送上行数据传输请求；
第三发送模块，用于当本端存在高优先级业务时，向所述AP发送上行数据传输请求。
在第三方面的第九种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
第四接收模块，用于接收所述AP发送的波束方向分配状态指示，所述波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个STA对应的波束方向；
调整模块，用于根据所述波束方向分配状态指示对自身的波束方向进行优化调整。
第四方面、一种多用户传输的装置，包括：
广播模块，用于向各STA广播多用户触发指示，所述多用户触发指示中包 括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；
第五接收模块，用于接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求，所述请求中携带所述各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
第三选取模块，用于根据所述各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA；
第四发送模块，用于向所述当前用户组发送传输指示。
在第四方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
第五发送模块，用于采用轮询的方式依次向各STA发送反馈指示。
在第四方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
第四选取模块，用于根据各STA的缓存数据的数据量，选取待指示的STA；
第六发送模块，用于依次向所述待指示的STA发送反馈指示。
在第四方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
第七发送模块，用于向各STA发送有益性判断辅助信息，所述有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向本端发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值。
在第四方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
第八发送模块，用于向各STA发送下行数据缓存指示，所述下行数据缓存指示中包括所述各STA的下行数据量。
在第四方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述第三选取模块用于：
在所述各STA加入当前用户组的有益性信息中，选取有益性信息中最优的STA加入当前用户组，并根据所述选取的STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向。
在第四方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述传输指示中包括：用户组标识和/或STA标识。
在第四方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述装置还包括：
第九发送模块，用于依次向各STA发送的波束方向分配状态指示，所述波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个除所述STA以外其他STA对应的波束方向，以使除所述STA以外其他STA根据所述波束方向分配状态指示进行波束方向的优化调整。
在第四方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述广播模块，包括：
第二接收单元，用于接收STA发送的上行数据传输请求；
第二执行单元，用于根据所述上行数据传输请求，执行向各STA广播多用户触发指示的步骤。
第五方面、一种终端，所述终端包括：接收器，处理器以及发送器；
所述接收器，用于接收AP发送的多用户触发指示，所述多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；
所述处理器，用于根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向；根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
所述发送器，用于向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，所述请求中携带所述选取到的波束方向以及所述有益性信息。
在第五方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器，还用于根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组后信号强度增强，且降低干扰方差的波束方向。
在第五方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器，还用于通过所述未分配的波束方向估计本端的上行信号对所述AP接收的增益；通过所述已分配的波束方向估计本端的上行信号对所述AP接收其他空间数据流的干扰增益；根据所述增益，所述干扰增益，所述本端的上行信号发射功率以及对偶的发射方的干扰噪声方差确定所述本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息。
在第五方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器，还用于如果所述未分配的波束方向功率大于预设功率，且所述已分配的波束方向功率小于预设功率，则执行根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息的步骤。
在第五方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述接收器，还用于接收所述AP发送的反馈指示；
所述发送器，还用于根据所述反馈指示，向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
在第五方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述接收器，还用于接收所述AP发送的有益性判断辅助信息，所述有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值；
相应的，所述发送器，还用于如果所述有益性信息大于所述有益性阈值， 则向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
结合第五方面的第五种可能的实现方式，在第五方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述发送器，还用于如果所述有益性信息大于所述有益性阈值，则提高所述本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争信道的优先级向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求；
其中，降低所述本端竞争信道的竞争度的方式为增大拥塞窗口或降低准许接入的概率。
在第五方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述接收器，还用于接收所述AP发送的下行数据缓存指示，所述下行数据缓存指示中包括本端的下行数据量；
相应的，所述发送器，还用于如果所述下行数据量小于预设数据量，则降低所述本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争度向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
在第五方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述发送器，还用于在预设时间内未接收到所述AP发送的多用户触发指示，则向所述AP发送上行数据传输请求；
或者，
所述发送器，还用于当本端存在高优先级业务时，向所述AP发送上行数据传输请求。
在第五方面的第九种可能的实现方式中，所述接收器，还用于接收所述AP发送的波束方向分配状态指示，所述波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个STA对应的波束方向；
所述处理器，还用于根据所述波束方向分配状态指示对自身的波束方向进行优化调整。
第六方面、一种接入点，
所述接入点包括：发送器，接收器，处理器；
所述发送器，用于向各STA广播多用户触发指示，所述多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；向所述当前用户组发送传输指示；
所述接收器，用于接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求，所述请求中 携带所述各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
所述处理器，用于根据所述各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA。
在第六方面的第一种可能的实现方式中，所述发送器，还用于采用轮询的方式依次向各STA发送反馈指示。
在第六方面的第二种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器，还用于根据各STA的缓存数据的数据量，选取待指示的STA；
所述发送器，还用于依次向所述待指示的STA发送反馈指示。
在第六方面的第三种可能的实现方式中，所述发送器，还用于向各STA发送有益性判断辅助信息，所述有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向本端发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值。
在第六方面的第四种可能的实现方式中，所述发送器，还用于向各STA发送下行数据缓存指示，所述下行数据缓存指示中包括所述各STA的下行数据量。
在第六方面的第五种可能的实现方式中，所述处理器，还用于在所述各STA加入当前用户组的有益性信息中，选取有益性信息中最优的STA加入当前用户组，并根据所述选取的STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向。
在第六方面的第六种可能的实现方式中，所述传输指示中包括：用户组标识和/或STA标识。
在第六方面的第七种可能的实现方式中，所述发送器，还用于依次向各STA发送的波束方向分配状态指示，所述波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个除所述STA以外其他STA对应的波束方向，以使除所述STA以外其他STA根据所述波束方向分配状态指示进行波束方向的优化调整。
在第六方面的第八种可能的实现方式中，所述接收器，还用于接收STA发送的上行数据传输请求；
所述发送器，还用于根据所述上行数据传输请求，执行向各STA广播多用户触发指示的步骤。
本发明实施例根据接收到的AP发送的多用户触发指示，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向以及本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息，并向AP发送加 入当前用户组的请求，请求中携带选取到的波束方向以及有益性信息。实现了由STA自身来决策选取加入当前用户组的波束方向，降低了AP的系统资源消耗，提高了多用户传输的效率。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案，下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例1提供的多用户传输的方法流程图；
图2是本发明实施例2提供的多用户传输的方法流程图；
图3是本发明实施例3提供的多用户传输的方法流程图；
图4是本发明实施例3提供的多用户传输的方法中多用户传输的一个实例的帧结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施例3提供的多用户传输的方法中多用户传输的一个实例中的信令交互图；
图6是本发明实施例3提供的多用户传输的方法中多用户传输的一个实例中的帧结构示意图；
图7是本发明实施例3提供的多用户传输的方法流程图；
图8是本发明实施例4提供的多用户传输的装置结构示意图；
图9是本发明实施例5提供的多用户传输的装置结构示意图；
图10是本发明实施例6提供的终端的结构示意图；
图11是本发明实施例7提供的接入点的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本发明实施方式作进一步地详细描述。
实施例1
本发明实施例提供了一种多用户传输的方法，参见图1。该方法包括：
101：接收AP发送的多用户触发指示，多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；
102：根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向；
103：根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
104：向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，请求中携带选取到的波束方向以及有益性信息。
本发明实施例根据接收到的AP发送的多用户触发指示，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向以及本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息，并向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，请求中携带选取到的波束方向以及有益性信息。实现了由STA自身来决策选取加入当前用户组的波束方向，降低了AP的系统资源消耗，提高了多用户传输的效率。
实施例2
本发明实施例提供了一种多用户传输的方法，参见图2。该方法包括：
201：向各STA广播多用户触发指示，多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；
202：接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求，请求中携带各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
203：根据各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA；
204：向当前用户组发送传输指示。
本发明实施例通过AP向各STA广播多用户触发指示，并接收STA根据多用户触发指示选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向和有益性信息；根据各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA，并进行多用户传输。实现了由STA自身来决策选取加入当前用户组的波束方向，降低了AP的系统资源消耗，提高了多用户传输的效率。
实施例3
本发明实施例提供了一种多用户传输的方法，参见图3。该方法包括：
301：AP向各STA广播多用户触发指示，多用户触发指示中包括已分配 的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向。
其中，已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向由数学符号表示。
上述波束方向可在经过量化后以数字化的方式在HEW-SIG-A中指示；也可以以模拟的方式通过对HEW-LTF进行相应的波束成型的方式来发送。其中，以波束成型的方式可由两种方法来进行，其一是时分的方式，即每个HEW-LTF符号用来指示一个波束方向；其二可以是码分和时分相结合的方式来进行，即一组HEW-LTF符号中用一个码分序列来指示一个波束方向，时分体现在下一组HEW-LTF符号可以重用上一组中的码分序列来指示另一个波束方向。
可选的，多用户触发指示可以在下行数据包中携带进行发送，也可以在专门的控制包中进行发送。
可选的，本步骤可以由AP按照预设时间周期性的执行。
可选的，本步骤也可以由STA发送上行数据传输请求后触发AP广播多用户触发指示。相应的，本步骤执行之前STA侧需要执行如下步骤：
在预设时间内未接收到AP发送的多用户触发指示，则STA向AP发送上行数据传输请求；
或者，
当本端存在高优先级业务时，STA向AP发送上行数据传输请求。
其中，高优先级可以为预先指定的优先级别以上的优先级。
上述两种情况中，STA都会向AT发送上行数据传输请求，以使AP广播多用户触发指示。
相应的，本步骤301则由以下步骤进行实现：
AP接收STA发送的上行数据传输请求；
AP根据上行数据传输请求，执行向各STA广播多用户触发指示的步骤。
302：STA接收AP发送的多用户触发指示，多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向。
其中，STA可接收一组HEW-LTF符号，采用MRC(Maximal Ratio Combine最大比合并)或MMSE(Minimum Mean Square Error，最小均方误差)方式从多个HEW-LTF符号中提取波束方向。
HEW-SIG-A将指示这些波束方向中哪些是已分配的波束方向，哪些是未分配的波束方向。在11a兼容包头之后，HEW-STF前的将包含指示信息，HEW-SIG-A是为该指示信息或该指示信息的一部分。HEW-SIG-A信息中的内 容可以被分成多个部分，被CRC校验。对于已分配的波束方向，HEW-SIG-A可通过单个STA、或用户组、或STA+用户组混合的方式来指示用户的空间数据流和波束方向间的一对一映射关系。对于经常有数据可构成空间并行传输的两个或两个以上用户可组成一个用户组来减小用户指示开销。
LTF(Long Training Field，长训练域)为训练符号，通过在多个天线上加权发送训练符号，可以让接收端获知波束方向。而HEW-SIG-A可以指示这些波束方向的意义。未分配的波束方向可通过HEW-SIG-A显性地指示，也可通过HEW-SIG-A隐性地指示。
其中，显性地方式为，HEW-SIG-A提供NELTF(Number of extended LTF，扩展的长训练域的数量)指示。NELTF为ELTF(Extended LTF，扩展的长训练域)的数量。ELTF符号向未分配的波束方向上发射。隐性地方式为，由AP最大LTF数来计算得到NELTF，NELTF＝NMLTF-NDLTF。AP最大LTF数NMLTF，可以为AP最大支持的数据流数或AP天线数。NDLTF(Number of data LTF，数据长训练域的数量)是已分配的波束方向数量。这样，不用显性地交互NELTF。
对于未分配的波束方向可以不做限定，这样可使在后续步骤中所有STA都可来参与逐次用户分组(Successive User Grouping)的竞争。由于有尽可能多的用户竞争，。也可给出用户组标示，这样只有该用户组内的STA才能竞争。也可给出业务标示，只有拥有该业务级别数据的用户才能竞争。也可给出优先级标示，只有拥有该优先级数据的用户才能竞争。也可给出匹配度门限标示，只有高于该匹配度门限的用户才能竞争，匹配度可以是SINR(Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio，信号与干扰和噪声比)、SLNR(Signal to Leakage and Noise Ratio，信号与泄露和噪声比)。
303：根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向。
首先通过HEW-LTF估计HEW-LTF a1所经历的信道，将估计值记为
Figure PCTCN2015075403-appb-000001
其中，将所有信道的估计值在一个矩阵中表示为：
Figure PCTCN2015075403-appb-000002
若在上步中以模拟的方式通过对HEW-LTF进行相应的波束成型的方式来发送，则HEW-LTF对应的各波束方向可以直接通过信道估计得到，即
Figure PCTCN2015075403-appb-000003
若波束方向在经过量化后以数字化的方式在HEW-SIG-A中指示，则首先得到HEW-SIG-A中量化的向量方向wa1,AP1，波束方向可以通过wa1,AP1与
Figure PCTCN2015075403-appb-000004
相乘得到AP端有效信道方向(或称波束方向)
Figure PCTCN2015075403-appb-000005
用相同方式，也可以得到其他已分配的波束方向
Figure PCTCN2015075403-appb-000006
和未分配的波束方向
Figure PCTCN2015075403-appb-000007
最终，未分配的波束方向可写成矩阵形式：
Figure PCTCN2015075403-appb-000008
已分配的波束方向可写成矩阵形式：
Figure PCTCN2015075403-appb-000009
具体选取过程可以通过以下公式进行计算得到：
Figure PCTCN2015075403-appb-000010
在该计算公式中选取最大特征值对应的特征向量来作为vSTAx，STA可根据MRT(Maximal Ratio
Transmit，最大比发送)、ZF(Zero-Forcing，置零法)或MMSE(Minimum Mean Square Erro，最小均方误差)准则来选择vSTAx，其中vSTAx为选取的波束方向对应的特征向量。选取的要求为：为同时提高上行信号被AP接收的增益、且减小对AP接收其他空间数据流的干扰增益，可利用已分配的波束方向 和未分配的波束方向来确定vSTAx。通过在Φ中包含OBSS(overlapping basic service set，干扰方差)，可使用户的上行传输对OBSS的干扰降低。
相应的，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向的具体过程可以通过以下步骤实现：根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组后信号强度增强，且降低干扰方差的波束方向。
304：根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
具体的，若要加入当前用户组的上行传输，STAx可以根据已分配的波束方向和未分配的波束方向来评估加入当前用户组的有益性。其具体方法可以为：STAx选取用于发送上行信号的波束成形向量vSTAx，通过未分配的波束方向估计STAx的上行信号被AP接收的增益，
Figure PCTCN2015075403-appb-000011
或通过已分配的波束方向估计STAx的上行信号对AP接收其他空间数据流的干扰增益，
Figure PCTCN2015075403-appb-000012
或结合上两点，估计STAx的上行信号对AP的SPR指标，
可选的，本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息的计算方式可以为以下公式：
Figure PCTCN2015075403-appb-000013
其中，PSTAx为STAx的上行信号发射功率；Φ为对偶的发射方的干扰噪声方差；Φ可由噪声功率乘上一个单位阵得到；
Figure PCTCN2015075403-appb-000014
单位阵INSTAx大小为NSTAx行NSTAx列。Φ也可同时包含噪声和发射方的OBSS。
可选的，为了减小信号处理方面的功率开销，STA可以以功率节省模式来处理当前的波束方向分配状态信息。在功率节省模式下，先基于LTF功率做初步判断，若STAx接收到的未分配的波束方向的LTF功率较强，高于 LTF_Symbol_High门限，而已分配的波束方向LTF功率较弱，低于LTF_Symbol_High门限，则再按照上述步骤精细评估加入当前用户组的有益性。其中，STAx指各STA中的任意一个。
相应的，步骤304可以通过以下步骤进行实现：
如果未分配的波束方向功率大于预设功率，且已分配的波束方向功率小于预设功率，则执行根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息的步骤。
305：向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，请求中携带选取到的波束方向以及有益性信息。
STA可通过发送加入用户组的请求帧，来告知AP其要加入用户组。加入用户组的请求帧可以包括STA上行传输的空间波束成形方向，也可同时包括波束成形方向和有益性指标。
其中，本步骤中可以分为以下两种情况。
第一种情况，针对上行传输：
可选的，STAx可用专用帧将请求发送给AP，STAx也可在上行数据帧中携带该请求发送给AP。
其中，使用专用帧请求发送给AP有两种方式。
方式1，AP可以轮询指定的STA，询问其加入当前用户组的有益性。AP也可以轮询多个指定的STA。AP轮询多个指定的STA的方式，可以在时域让STA以TDMA(Time Division Multiple Access，时分多址)的方式逐个反馈；也可在频域以OFDMA(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access，正交频分多址)的方式在频率维度上的不同子带同时发送。
相应的，AP采用轮询指定STA发送请求的方式，在本步骤305执行之前，AP侧需要执行以下步骤：
采用轮询的方式依次向各STA发送反馈指示。
相应的，步骤305则通过以下方式进行实现：
接收AP发送的反馈指示；
根据反馈指示，向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
可选的，由于发送过程存在资源开销，因此为提高发送的使用效率，AP可优先轮询具有较大缓存大小的STA。因为这些STA若加入并发传输用户组成功，将会持续传输，使得并发的好处最大化。AP可通过STA的缓存大小报 告获知缓存大小，也可通过根据历史流量情况和业务类别来预测缓存大小。
相应的，AP根据各STA的缓存数据量来指示STA进行发送请求的方式，在本步骤305执行之前，AP侧需要执行以下步骤：
根据各STA的缓存数据的数据量，选取待指示的STA；
依次向待指示的STA发送反馈指示。
相应的，步骤305则通过以下方式进行实现：
接收AP发送的反馈指示；
根据反馈指示，向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
方式2，AP也可以让用户用竞争性地反馈方式。竞争性地方式可以避免轮询到有益性差的用户而消耗空口资源。竞争性地反馈方式可以是时域上的，也可以时频域上的。随机接入方式可以是基于拥塞窗口方式的随机接入，也可是p-persistent方式的随机接入。
方式2-1，STA可基于有益性来决定是否参与反馈。仅有益性好的STA可参与竞争来反馈有益性信息给AP。有益性好坏的判断即可由STA自主根据历史信道状况来判定，也可由AP广播有益性判断辅助信息来判定。有益性判断辅助信息可以是上行信号被AP接收的增益、对AP接收其他空间数据流的干扰增益、或SPR指标的门限，也可以是上述门限在对STA做归一化处理后的阀值。对于上行信号被AP接收的增益和SPR指标，若高于该有益性门限，则认为有益性好；反之，则有益性差。对于对AP接收其他空间数据流的干扰增益，若低于该有益性门限，则认为有益性好；反之，则有益性差。
相应的，STA根据有益性来决定是否参与反馈的过程，在本步骤305执行之前，AP侧需要执行以下步骤：
AP向各STA发送有益性判断辅助信息，有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向本端发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值。
其中，有益性阈值可以为上行信号被AP接收的增益、对AP接收其他空间数据流的干扰增益、或SPR指标的门限，也可以是上述门限在对STA做归一化处理后的阀值。
STA侧需要执行以下步骤：
接收AP发送的有益性判断辅助信息，有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值；
相应的，步骤305则通过以下方式进行实现：
如果有益性信息大于有益性阈值，则向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
方式2-2，STA可基于有益性来决定参与反馈时的竞争程度，拥有更高有益性的STA可以有更高的竞争度，从而可有更高的概率在更短时间内接入信道来反馈。竞争度的控制方式，对于拥塞窗口方式的随机接入，可以是增大拥塞窗口大小，来降低竞争度；对于p-persistent方式，可以是降低准许接入的概率，来降低竞争度。
用户采用竞争性地反馈方式时，可以在时域进行CSMA(Carrier Sense Multiple Access，载波侦听多路访问)方式的竞争，也可采用OFDMA方式在频域竞争。
相应的，在STA侧接收到有益性判断辅助信息之后，步骤305则通过以下方式进行实现：
如果有益性信息大于有益性阈值，则提高本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争信道的优先级向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求；
其中，降低本端竞争信道的竞争度的方式为增大拥塞窗口或降低准许接入的概率。
第二种情况，针对下行传输：
为了下行数据传输，也可同样采取上述轮询指定的用户组或竞争性地反馈方式。对于轮询指定的用户组的方式，由于AP直接可知每个用户的下行数据缓存大小，因此可以利用用户的下行数据缓存大小来直接决定轮询哪些用户。
为了下行数据传输采用竞争性地反馈方式时，由于STA不知道AP端下行数据的缓存大小，AP可利用Beacon帧来表明每个STA的下行数据缓存情况。AP可在DTIM(Delivery Traffic Indication Map，传送流量指示图)帧指示出所有有下行数据的缓存的STA，然后在随后的TIM帧中仅对有较大缓存的STA做指示。STA可以根据在一定时段(DTIM帧周期)内，它在TIM帧中被指示的图样来获知AP端它的下行数据的缓存大小，然后根据下行数据的缓存大小判断是否参与竞争。
相应的，在下行传输过程中，AP指示STA进行反馈的过程中需要在本步骤305之前执行以下步骤：
AP向各STA发送下行数据缓存指示，下行数据缓存指示中包括各STA的下行数据量。
相应的，STA侧需要执行以下步骤：
接收AP发送的下行数据缓存指示，下行数据缓存指示中包括本端的下行数据量；
相应的，步骤305则通过以下方式进行实现：
如果下行数据量小于预设数据量，则降低本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争度向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
306：接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求，请求中携带各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
307：根据各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA；
AP可以从反馈请求的STA中随机选择一个STA加入用户组，也可以根据STA反馈请求的有益性信息来选取一个合适的STA。
相应的，AP根据有益性信息选取一个合适的STA的过程具体为：
在各STA加入当前用户组的有益性信息中，选取有益性信息中最优的STA加入当前用户组，并根据选取的STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向。
308：AP向当前用户组发送传输指示。
其中，传输指示中包括：用户组标识和/或STA标识。
AP可以将选取到的STA长期加入该用户组，也可让STA临时与该用户组同时传输。对于长期加入该用户组，传输指示中若包含了用户组标识则代表了指示的资源中可能包含用于该STA的数据传输。对于临时加入该用户组，传输指示中会包含用户组标识和该STA的标识。若之前的用户组均为临时STA，则传输指示中为此次传输所有相关的临时STA标识。
进一步的，在本发明实施例中若需要更多STA加入，则返回步骤301广播当前的波束方向分配状态，继续让STA加入。否则，进入步骤308开始传输。
如图4所示，该图示出了多用户传输的一个实例中的帧结构示意图。其中，第一步，AP广播当前的波束方向分配状态，有用户STA1发送RTS，成为用户组中第一个STA；第二步，AP广播当前的波束方向分配状态，STA2加入用户组；第三步，AP不再让新STA加入，而是发送MU-CTS，以发起多用户上行传输。
另外，当应用到WiFi系统中时，由于信道带宽(20MHz)可能会远远大于信道相干带宽(例如3MHz)，要想在整个20MHz信道上找到两个或两个以上的用户在空间上有良好的匹配较为困难。所以，在前面一部分STA(如STA1) 被选定后，其他STA会发现它们在整个20MHz信道上加入当前用户组的有益性较差。但是，它们很有可能在部分带宽上可以和STA1较好地匹配，例如，STA2使用上10MHz信道，STA3使用下10MHz信道。这种情况下如图5所示，该图中示出了AP与STA1，STA2，STA3之间的信令交互图。为了支持这种情况，LTF符号也将按照上述用户偏好的频段来为两个STA分配，如下图6所示，该图示出了上述信道带宽大于信道相干带宽时帧结构的示意图，其中包括STA1，STA2，STA3的LTF符号的波束分配情况。
本发明实施例提供了一种多用户传输的方法中空间波束成形方向的优化的方法，参见图7。该方法包括：
701：AP依次向各STA发送的波束方向分配状态指示，波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个除STA以外其他STA对应的波束方向，以使除STA以外其他STA根据波束方向分配状态指示进行波束方向的优化调整。
在完成STA选择后并在AP向当前用户组发送传输指示之前，AP可以根据用户组内空间数据流的相互干扰情况，确定是否需要进行空间波束成形方向的优化。若用户组内空间数据流的相互干扰较小或无需空间波束成形方向的优化，可以无需进行优化空间波束成形方向。
若需要优化空间波束成形方向，则可根据AP本地已知的STA的CSI来进行。也可以通过空口来进行，AP可以广播当前的波束方向分配状态，让STA根据当前状态来优化用户端的波束成形方向。
通过空口的波束成形方向优化可通过两种方式来实现，一种是逐次的，即指定部分用户(如STA1)先进行调整，然后用户反馈给AP，AP随之调整并广播调整后的波束方向分配状态，然后AP再让另一部分用户(如STA2)来调整；另一种是并发的，即指定部分用户(如STA1、STA2)并行进行调整，然后可再指定部分用户(如STA3、STA4)并行进行调整。
702：STA接收AP发送的波束方向分配状态指示，波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个STA对应的波束方向；
703：STA根据波束方向分配状态指示对自身的波束方向进行优化调整。
本发明实施例根据接收到的AP发送的多用户触发指示，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向以及本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息，并向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，请求中携带选取到的波束方向以及有益性信息。实现了 由STA自身来决策选取加入当前用户组的波束方向，降低了AP的系统资源消耗，提高了多用户传输的效率。
通过AP向各STA广播多用户触发指示，并接收STA根据多用户触发指示选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向和有益性信息；根据各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA，并进行多用户传输。实现了由STA自身来决策选取加入当前用户组的波束方向，降低了AP的系统资源消耗，提高了多用户传输的效率。
实施例4
本发明实施例提供了一种多用户传输的装置，参见图8。该装置包括：
第一接收模块801，用于接收AP发送的多用户触发指示，多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；
第一选取模块802，用于根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向；
第二选取模块803，用于根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
第一发送模块804，用于向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，请求中携带选取到的波束方向以及有益性信息。
其中，第一选取模块802用于：
根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组后信号强度增强，且降低干扰方差的波束方向。
其中，第二选取模块803，包括：
第一估计单元，用于通过未分配的波束方向估计本端的上行信号对AP接收的增益；
第二估计单元，用于通过已分配的波束方向估计本端的上行信号对AP接收其他空间数据流的干扰增益；
确定单元，用于根据增益，干扰增益，本端的上行信号发射功率以及对偶的发射方的干扰噪声方差确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息。
其中，第二选取模块803，还包括：
第一执行单元，用于如果未分配的波束方向功率大于预设功率，且已分配的波束方向功率小于预设功率，则执行根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息的步骤。
其中，第一发送模块804，包括：
第一接收单元，用于接收AP发送的反馈指示；
第一发送单元，用于根据反馈指示，向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
其中，装置还包括：
第二接收模块805，用于接收AP发送的有益性判断辅助信息，有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值；
相应的，第一发送模块804，包括：
第二发送单元，用于如果有益性信息大于有益性阈值，则向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
其中，第二发送单元用于：
如果有益性信息大于有益性阈值，则提高本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争信道的优先级向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求；
其中，降低本端竞争信道的竞争度的方式为增大拥塞窗口或降低准许接入的概率。
其中，装置还包括：
第三接收模块806，用于接收AP发送的下行数据缓存指示，下行数据缓存指示中包括本端的下行数据量；
相应的，第一发送模块804，包括：
第三发送单元，用于如果下行数据量小于预设数据量，则降低本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争度向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
其中，装置还包括：
第二发送模块807，用于在预设时间内未接收到AP发送的多用户触发指 示，则向AP发送上行数据传输请求；
第三发送模块808，用于当本端存在高优先级业务时，向AP发送上行数据传输请求。
其中，装置还包括：
第四接收模块809，用于接收AP发送的波束方向分配状态指示，波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个STA对应的波束方向；
调整模块810，用于根据波束方向分配状态指示对自身的波束方向进行优化调整。
本发明实施例根据接收到的AP发送的多用户触发指示，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向以及本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息，并向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，请求中携带选取到的波束方向以及有益性信息。实现了由STA自身来决策选取加入当前用户组的波束方向，降低了AP的系统资源消耗，提高了多用户传输的效率。
实施例5
本发明实施例提供了一种多用户传输的装置，参见图9。该装置包括：
广播模块901，用于向各STA广播多用户触发指示，多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；
第五接收模块902，用于接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求，请求中携带各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
第三选取模块903，用于根据各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA；
第四发送模块904，用于向当前用户组发送传输指示。
其中，装置还包括：
第五发送模块905，用于采用轮询的方式依次向各STA发送反馈指示。
其中，装置还包括：
第四选取模块906，用于根据各STA的缓存数据的数据量，选取待指示的 STA；
第六发送模块907，用于依次向待指示的STA发送反馈指示。
其中，装置还包括：
第七发送模块908，用于向各STA发送有益性判断辅助信息，有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向本端发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值。
其中，装置还包括：
第八发送模块909，用于向各STA发送下行数据缓存指示，下行数据缓存指示中包括各STA的下行数据量。
其中，第三选取模块903用于：
在各STA加入当前用户组的有益性信息中，选取有益性信息中最优的STA加入当前用户组，并根据选取的STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向。
其中，传输指示中包括：用户组标识和/或STA标识。
其中，装置还包括：
第九发送模块910，用于依次向各STA发送的波束方向分配状态指示，波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个除STA以外其他STA对应的波束方向，以使除STA以外其他STA根据波束方向分配状态指示进行波束方向的优化调整。
其中，广播模块901，包括：
第二接收单元，用于接收STA发送的上行数据传输请求；
第二执行单元，用于根据上行数据传输请求，执行向各STA广播多用户触发指示的步骤。
本发明实施例通过AP向各STA广播多用户触发指示，并接收STA根据多用户触发指示选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向和有益性信息；根据各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA，并进行多用户传输。实现了由STA自身来决策选取加 入当前用户组的波束方向，降低了AP的系统资源消耗，提高了多用户传输的效率。
实施例6
本发明实施例提供了一种终端，参见图10。
终端包括：接收器1001，处理器1002以及发送器1003；
接收器1001，用于接收AP发送的多用户触发指示，多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；
处理器1002，用于根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向；根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
发送器1003，用于向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，请求中携带选取到的波束方向以及有益性信息。
其中，处理器1002，还用于根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组后信号强度增强，且降低干扰方差的波束方向。
其中，处理器1002，还用于通过未分配的波束方向估计本端的上行信号对AP接收的增益；通过已分配的波束方向估计本端的上行信号对AP接收其他空间数据流的干扰增益；根据增益，干扰增益，本端的上行信号发射功率以及对偶的发射方的干扰噪声方差确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息。
其中，处理器1002，还用于如果未分配的波束方向功率大于预设功率，且已分配的波束方向功率小于预设功率，则执行根据已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息的步骤。
其中，接收器1001，还用于接收AP发送的反馈指示；
发送器1003，还用于根据反馈指示，向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
其中，接收器1001，还用于接收AP发送的有益性判断辅助信息，有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值；
相应的，发送器1003，还用于如果有益性信息大于有益性阈值，则向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
其中，发送器1003，还用于如果有益性信息大于有益性阈值，则提高本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争信道的优先级向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求；
其中，降低本端竞争信道的竞争度的方式为增大拥塞窗口或降低准许接入的概率。
其中，接收器1001，还用于接收AP发送的下行数据缓存指示，下行数据缓存指示中包括本端的下行数据量；
相应的，发送器1003，还用于如果下行数据量小于预设数据量，则降低本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争度向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
其中，发送器1003，还用于在预设时间内未接收到AP发送的多用户触发指示，则向AP发送上行数据传输请求；
或者，
发送器1003，还用于当本端存在高优先级业务时，向AP发送上行数据传输请求。
其中，接收器1001，还用于接收AP发送的波束方向分配状态指示，波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个STA对应的波束方向；
处理器1002，还用于根据波束方向分配状态指示对自身的波束方向进行优化调整。
本发明实施例根据接收到的AP发送的多用户触发指示，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向以及本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息，并向AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，请求中携带选取到的波束方向以及有益性信息。实现了由STA自身来决策选取加入当前用户组的波束方向，降低了AP的系统资源消耗，提高了多用户传输的效率。
实施例7
本发明实施例提供了一种接入点，参见图11。
接入点包括：发送器1101，接收器1102，处理器1103；
发送器1101，用于向各STA广播多用户触发指示，多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；向当前用户组发送传输指示；
接收器1102，用于接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求，请求中携带各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
处理器1103，用于根据各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA。
其中，发送器1101，还用于采用轮询的方式依次向各STA发送反馈指示。
其中，处理器1103，还用于根据各STA的缓存数据的数据量，选取待指示的STA；
发送器1101，还用于依次向待指示的STA发送反馈指示。
其中，发送器1101，还用于向各STA发送有益性判断辅助信息，有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向本端发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值。
其中，发送器1101，还用于向各STA发送下行数据缓存指示，下行数据缓存指示中包括各STA的下行数据量。
其中，处理器1103，还用于在各STA加入当前用户组的有益性信息中，选取有益性信息中最优的STA加入当前用户组，并根据选取的STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向。
其中，传输指示中包括：用户组标识和/或STA标识。
其中，发送器1101，还用于依次向各STA发送的波束方向分配状态指示，波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个除STA以外其他STA对应的波束方 向，以使除STA以外其他STA根据波束方向分配状态指示进行波束方向的优化调整。
其中，接收器1102，还用于接收STA发送的上行数据传输请求；
发送器1101，还用于根据上行数据传输请求，执行向各STA广播多用户触发指示的步骤。
本发明实施例通过AP向各STA广播多用户触发指示，并接收STA根据多用户触发指示选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向和有益性信息；根据各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA，并进行多用户传输。实现了由STA自身来决策选取加入当前用户组的波束方向，降低了AP的系统资源消耗，提高了多用户传输的效率。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例的全部或部分步骤可以通过硬件来完成，也可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件完成，的程序可以存储于一种计算机可读存储介质中，上述提到的存储介质可以是只读存储器，磁盘或光盘等。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Figure PCTCN2015075403-appb-000015

Claims (53)

  1. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，包括：
    接收所述AP发送的反馈指示；
    根据所述反馈指示，向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述AP发送的有益性判断辅助信息，所述有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值；
    相应的，所述向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，包括：
    如果所述有益性信息大于所述有益性阈值，则向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
  3. 根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述如果所述有益性信息大于所述有益性阈值，则向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，包括：
    如果所述有益性信息大于所述有益性阈值，则提高所述本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争信道的优先级向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求；
    其中，降低所述本端竞争信道的竞争度的方式为增大拥塞窗口或降低准许接入的概率。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述AP发送的下行数据缓存指示，所述下行数据缓存指示中包括本端的下行数据量；
    相应的，所述向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，包括：
    如果所述下行数据量小于预设数据量，则降低所述本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争度向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接收AP发送的多用户触发指示之前，所述方法还包括：
    在预设时间内未接收到所述AP发送的多用户触发指示，则向所述AP发送 上行数据传输请求；
    或者，
    当本端存在高优先级业务时，向所述AP发送上行数据传输请求。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    接收所述AP发送的波束方向分配状态指示，所述波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个站点STA对应的波束方向；
    根据所述波束方向分配状态指示对自身的波束方向进行优化调整。
  7. 一种多用户传输的方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    向各STA广播多用户触发指示，所述多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；
    接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求，所述请求中携带所述各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
    根据所述各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA；
    向所述当前用户组发送传输指示。
  8. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求之前，所述方法还包括：
    采用轮询的方式依次向各STA发送反馈指示。
  9. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求之前，所述方法还包括：
    根据各STA的缓存数据的数据量，选取待指示的STA；
    依次向所述待指示的STA发送反馈指示。
  10. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求之前，所述方法还包括：
    向各STA发送有益性判断辅助信息，所述有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向本端发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值。
  11. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求之前，所述方法还包括：
    向各STA发送下行数据缓存指示，所述下行数据缓存指示中包括所述各STA的下行数据量。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述根据所述各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA，包括：
    在所述各STA加入当前用户组的有益性信息中，选取有益性信息中最优的STA加入当前用户组，并根据所述选取的STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述传输指示中包括：用户组标识和/或STA标识。
  14. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    依次向各STA发送的波束方向分配状态指示，所述波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个除所述STA以外其他STA对应的波束方向，以使除所述STA以外其他STA根据所述波束方向分配状态指示进行波束方向的优化调整。
  15. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述向各STA广播多用户触发指示，包括：
    接收STA发送的上行数据传输请求；
    根据所述上行数据传输请求，执行向各STA广播多用户触发指示的步骤。
  16. 一种多用户传输的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    第一接收模块，用于接收AP发送的多用户触发指示，所述多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；
    第一选取模块，用于根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向；
    第二选取模块，用于根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
    第一发送模块，用于向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，所述请求中携带所述选取到的波束方向以及所述有益性信息。
  17. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一选取模块用于：
    根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组后信号强度增强，且降低干扰方差的波束方向。
  18. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二选取模块，包括：
    第一估计单元，用于通过所述未分配的波束方向估计本端的上行信号对所述AP接收的增益；
    第二估计单元，用于通过所述已分配的波束方向估计本端的上行信号对所述AP接收其他空间数据流的干扰增益；
    确定单元，用于根据所述增益，所述干扰增益，所述本端的上行信号发射功率以及对偶的发射方的干扰噪声方差确定所述本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息。
  19. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二选取模块，还包括：
    第一执行单元，用于如果所述未分配的波束方向功率大于预设功率，且所述已分配的波束方向功率小于预设功率，则执行根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息的步骤。
  20. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第一发送模块，包括：
    第一接收单元，用于接收所述AP发送的反馈指示；
    第一发送单元，用于根据所述反馈指示，向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    第二接收模块，用于接收所述AP发送的有益性判断辅助信息，所述有益性 判断辅助信息中携带用于向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值；
    相应的，所述第一发送模块，包括：
    第二发送单元，用于如果所述有益性信息大于所述有益性阈值，则向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
  22. 根据权利要求25所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第二发送单元用于：
    如果所述有益性信息大于所述有益性阈值，则提高所述本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争信道的优先级向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求；
    其中，降低所述本端竞争信道的竞争度的方式为增大拥塞窗口或降低准许接入的概率。
  23. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    第三接收模块，用于接收所述AP发送的下行数据缓存指示，所述下行数据缓存指示中包括本端的下行数据量；
    相应的，所述第一发送模块，包括：
    第三发送单元，用于如果所述下行数据量小于预设数据量，则降低所述本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争度向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
  24. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    第二发送模块，用于在预设时间内未接收到所述AP发送的多用户触发指示，则向所述AP发送上行数据传输请求；
    第三发送模块，用于当本端存在高优先级业务时，向所述AP发送上行数据传输请求。
  25. 根据权利要求20所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    第四接收模块，用于接收所述AP发送的波束方向分配状态指示，所述波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个STA对应的波束方向；
    调整模块，用于根据所述波束方向分配状态指示对自身的波束方向进行优化调整。
  26. 一种多用户传输的装置，其特征在于，所述装置包括：
    广播模块，用于向各STA广播多用户触发指示，所述多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；
    第五接收模块，用于接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求，所述请求中携带所述各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
    第三选取模块，用于根据所述各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA；
    第四发送模块，用于向所述当前用户组发送传输指示。
  27. 根据权利要求30所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    第五发送模块，用于采用轮询的方式依次向各STA发送反馈指示。
  28. 根据权利要求30所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    第四选取模块，用于根据各STA的缓存数据的数据量，选取待指示的STA；
    第六发送模块，用于依次向所述待指示的STA发送反馈指示。
  29. 根据权利要求30所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    第七发送模块，用于向各STA发送有益性判断辅助信息，所述有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向本端发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值。
  30. 根据权利要求30所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    第八发送模块，用于向各STA发送下行数据缓存指示，所述下行数据缓存指示中包括所述各STA的下行数据量。
  31. 根据权利要求30所述的装置，其特征在于，所述第三选取模块用于：
    在所述各STA加入当前用户组的有益性信息中，选取有益性信息中最优的STA加入当前用户组，并根据所述选取的STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向。
  32. 根据权利要求30所述的装置，其特征在于，所述传输指示中包括：用户组标识和/或STA标识。
  33. 根据权利要求30所述的装置，其特征在于，所述装置还包括：
    第九发送模块，用于依次向各STA发送的波束方向分配状态指示，所述波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个除所述STA以外其他STA对应的波束方向，以使除所述STA以外其他STA根据所述波束方向分配状态指示进行波束方向的优化调整。
  34. 根据权利要求30所述的装置，其特征在于，所述广播模块，包括：
    第二接收单元，用于接收STA发送的上行数据传输请求；
    第二执行单元，用于根据所述上行数据传输请求，执行向各STA广播多用户触发指示的步骤。
  35. 一种终端，其特征在于，所述终端包括：接收器，处理器以及发送器；
    所述接收器，用于接收AP发送的多用户触发指示，所述多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；
    所述处理器，用于根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组的波束方向；根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
    所述发送器，用于向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求，所述请求中携带所述选取到的波束方向以及所述有益性信息。
  36. 根据权利要求39所述的终端，其特征在于，
    所述处理器，还用于根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，选取本端加入当前用户组后信号强度增强，且降低干扰方差的波束方向。
  37. 根据权利要求39所述的终端，其特征在于，
    所述处理器，还用于通过所述未分配的波束方向估计本端的上行信号对所述AP接收的增益；通过所述已分配的波束方向估计本端的上行信号对所述AP接收其他空间数据流的干扰增益；根据所述增益，所述干扰增益，所述本端的 上行信号发射功率以及对偶的发射方的干扰噪声方差确定所述本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息。
  38. 根据权利要求39所述的终端，其特征在于，
    所述处理器，还用于如果所述未分配的波束方向功率大于预设功率，且所述已分配的波束方向功率小于预设功率，则执行根据所述已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向，确定本端加入当前用户组的有益性信息的步骤。
  39. 根据权利要求39所述的终端，其特征在于，
    所述接收器，还用于接收所述AP发送的反馈指示；
    所述发送器，还用于根据所述反馈指示，向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
  40. 根据权利要求39所述的终端，其特征在于，
    所述接收器，还用于接收所述AP发送的有益性判断辅助信息，所述有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值；
    相应的，所述发送器，还用于如果所述有益性信息大于所述有益性阈值，则向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求。
  41. 根据权利要求44所述的终端，其特征在于，
    所述发送器，还用于如果所述有益性信息大于所述有益性阈值，则提高所述本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争信道的优先级向所述AP发送加入当前用户组的请求；
    其中，降低所述本端竞争信道的竞争度的方式为增大拥塞窗口或降低准许接入的概率。
  42. 根据权利要求39所述的终端，其特征在于，
    所述接收器，还用于接收所述AP发送的下行数据缓存指示，所述下行数据缓存指示中包括本端的下行数据量；
    相应的，所述发送器，还用于如果所述下行数据量小于预设数据量，则降低所述本端竞争信道的优先级，并根据调整后的竞争度向所述AP发送加入当前 用户组的请求。
  43. 根据权利要求39所述的终端，其特征在于，
    所述发送器，还用于在预设时间内未接收到所述AP发送的多用户触发指示，则向所述AP发送上行数据传输请求；
    或者，
    所述发送器，还用于当本端存在高优先级业务时，向所述AP发送上行数据传输请求。
  44. 根据权利要求39所述的终端，其特征在于，
    所述接收器，还用于接收所述AP发送的波束方向分配状态指示，所述波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个STA对应的波束方向；
    所述处理器，还用于根据所述波束方向分配状态指示对自身的波束方向进行优化调整。
  45. 一种接入点，其特征在于，所述接入点包括：发送器，接收器，处理器；
    所述发送器，用于向各STA广播多用户触发指示，所述多用户触发指示中包括已分配的波束方向以及未分配的波束方向；向所述当前用户组发送传输指示；
    所述接收器，用于接收各STA发送的加入当前用户组的请求，所述请求中携带所述各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息；
    所述处理器，用于根据所述各STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向以及加入当前用户组的有益性信息，选取加入当前用户组的STA。
  46. 根据权利要求49所述的接入点，其特征在于，
    所述发送器，还用于采用轮询的方式依次向各STA发送反馈指示。
  47. 根据权利要求49所述的接入点，其特征在于，
    所述处理器，还用于根据各STA的缓存数据的数据量，选取待指示的STA；
    所述发送器，还用于依次向所述待指示的STA发送反馈指示。
  48. 根据权利要求49所述的接入点，其特征在于，
    所述发送器，还用于向各STA发送有益性判断辅助信息，所述有益性判断辅助信息中携带用于向本端发送加入当前用户组的请求的有益性阈值。
  49. 根据权利要求49所述的接入点，其特征在于，
    所述发送器，还用于向各STA发送下行数据缓存指示，所述下行数据缓存指示中包括所述各STA的下行数据量。
  50. 根据权利要求49所述的接入点，其特征在于，
    所述处理器，还用于在所述各STA加入当前用户组的有益性信息中，选取有益性信息中最优的STA加入当前用户组，并根据所述选取的STA选取的加入当前用户组的波束方向。
  51. 根据权利要求49所述的接入点，其特征在于，所述传输指示中包括：用户组标识和/或STA标识。
  52. 根据权利要求49所述的接入点，其特征在于，
    所述发送器，还用于依次向各STA发送的波束方向分配状态指示，所述波束方向分配状态指示中包括一个或多个除所述STA以外其他STA对应的波束方向，以使除所述STA以外其他STA根据所述波束方向分配状态指示进行波束方向的优化调整。
  53. 根据权利要求49所述的接入点，其特征在于，
    所述接收器，还用于接收STA发送的上行数据传输请求；
    所述发送器，还用于根据所述上行数据传输请求，执行向各STA广播多用户触发指示的步骤。
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Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101453255A (zh) * 2007-11-28 2009-06-10 华为技术有限公司 一种波束成形的方法、系统和装置
CN101674273A (zh) * 2008-09-08 2010-03-17 上海交通大学 多用户调度方法、多用户调度装置、信息反馈装置、基站和移动台
CN101841916A (zh) * 2010-01-28 2010-09-22 北京邮电大学 下行多用户调度方法、装置及基站

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101453255A (zh) * 2007-11-28 2009-06-10 华为技术有限公司 一种波束成形的方法、系统和装置
CN101674273A (zh) * 2008-09-08 2010-03-17 上海交通大学 多用户调度方法、多用户调度装置、信息反馈装置、基站和移动台
CN101841916A (zh) * 2010-01-28 2010-09-22 北京邮电大学 下行多用户调度方法、装置及基站

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