WO2016152999A1 - ナノファイバー製造装置及びナノファイバー製造方法 - Google Patents
ナノファイバー製造装置及びナノファイバー製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016152999A1 WO2016152999A1 PCT/JP2016/059462 JP2016059462W WO2016152999A1 WO 2016152999 A1 WO2016152999 A1 WO 2016152999A1 JP 2016059462 W JP2016059462 W JP 2016059462W WO 2016152999 A1 WO2016152999 A1 WO 2016152999A1
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- raw material
- pressure gas
- resin
- liquid
- nanofiber manufacturing
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/08—Melt spinning methods
- D01D5/098—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching
- D01D5/0985—Melt spinning methods with simultaneous stretching by means of a flowing gas (e.g. melt-blowing)
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D13/00—Complete machines for producing artificial threads
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D4/00—Spinnerette packs; Cleaning thereof
- D01D4/02—Spinnerettes
- D01D4/025—Melt-blowing or solution-blowing dies
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
- D04H1/565—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres by melt-blowing
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus and a nanofiber manufacturing method capable of providing high-quality nanofibers with a simple configuration.
- nanofibers In recent years, with the expansion of the use of nano-order diameter fibers, so-called nanofibers, demand is rapidly increasing. As the use of nanofibers expands, the quality of the nanofibers is high, and special ones according to the use are required.
- Various known methods such as an electrospinning method and a melt blow method are known for producing nanofibers, and each method has advantages and disadvantages.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing a nonwoven fabric composed of a plurality of types of fibers, in which solution discharge fibers are mixed into meltblown fibers. Specifically, the solution discharging fiber formed by discharging the spinning solution into a fiber using a solution spinning means for discharging the spinning solution discharged from the liquid discharging unit with the gas discharged from the gas discharging unit is discharged from the nozzle by the melt blow method. The melt-blown fibers are mixed into the fiber stream.
- Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a method for producing nanofibers by electrospinning.
- the same non-patent document 1 in contrast to the production of nanofibers by electrospinning, which conventionally required a solvent for resin swelling, swelling by heat without using a solvent can be used to ignite / A configuration for preventing explosion is disclosed.
- the disadvantages of the nanofiber manufacturing method by the melt blow method are also described in detail.
- Non-Patent Document 1 in order to reduce the fiber diameter in the conventional method for producing nanofibers by the melt-blowing method, a method of jetting high-temperature air at a high speed and a low polymer discharge rate are used.
- the method of suppressing can be considered, when high-temperature air is ejected at a high speed, the fiber diameter becomes thin, but the length of the fiber becomes short and chopped.
- the discharge of the polymer is suppressed low, the unit per unit time The production amount dropped significantly, and in any case, mass production of high-quality nanofibers was difficult.
- the electrospinning method improves productivity, the apparatus becomes complicated and measures for ignition and explosion are required, resulting in high manufacturing costs.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in a melt-blow type nanofiber manufacturing method, it is possible to supply a large amount of high-quality nanofibers, and further to eliminate the cause of ignition and explosion, thereby improving safety. It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved nanofiber manufacturing method and nanofiber manufacturing apparatus.
- the nanofiber production apparatus of the present invention is a nanofiber production apparatus comprising a liquid raw material discharge means for discharging a liquid raw material to a high pressure gas flow ejected from a high pressure gas ejection means, the liquid raw material discharge means being A plurality of high-pressure gas flows ejected from the high-pressure gas ejecting means are arranged at the center.
- the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the liquid raw material discharge means includes an extruding means for melting and extruding the raw material.
- the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the liquid raw material discharge means includes means for supplying a dissolved raw material.
- the high-pressure gas ejection means is provided with a gas supply means for supplying high-pressure and high-temperature gas, and high-temperature gas is ejected from the high-pressure gas ejection means at high pressure. It is characterized by.
- the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is characterized by comprising an angle adjusting means capable of adjusting an installation angle of the liquid raw material discharge means with respect to a high pressure gas flow ejected from the high pressure gas ejection means.
- the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that at least two or more liquid raw material discharge means are arranged symmetrically with respect to the high-pressure gas ejection means.
- the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the liquid raw material discharge means is arranged at equal intervals around a high-pressure gas flow ejected from the high-pressure gas ejection means.
- the nanofiber production apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the high-pressure gas flow ejected from the high-pressure gas ejection means is installed in a direction perpendicular to the installation surface of the nanofiber production apparatus.
- the nanofiber manufacturing method of the present invention is a nanofiber manufacturing method for manufacturing a nanofiber by discharging a liquid raw material from a liquid raw material discharge means to a high pressure gas flow jetted from the high pressure gas jetting means, When a liquid material is discharged from a plurality of the liquid material discharge means arranged around a high pressure gas flow ejected from the gas ejection means, the liquid material for the high pressure gas flow from the liquid material discharge means
- the nanofiber manufacturing method characterized by adjusting the discharge angle.
- the nanofiber manufacturing method of the present invention comprises a heating cylinder to which a raw material is supplied, a heating means for heating the heating cylinder, and an extrusion device for extruding the raw material in the heating cylinder.
- the end of the heating cylinder is provided with a gas outlet for injecting a high-pressure gas, and the raw material in a molten state in the heating cylinder is provided around the gas outlet
- a plurality of raw material discharge means for discharging the raw material heating the heating cylinder by the heating means to melt the raw material supplied to the inside of the heating cylinder or maintaining the molten state of the raw material,
- An air flow is generated by the gas discharged from the raw material discharge means and injected from the gas outlet, and the discharged raw material is changed from the outer periphery to the flow of the jet gas. So it is extended by and forming the fibers of the nano-order diameter.
- a nanofiber having a smaller diameter and higher quality can be produced safely.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. 4 taken along lines BB, CC, and DD. It is explanatory drawing which shows the resin flow path and gas flow path inside a head part in the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus as Example 1 of this invention.
- Example 1 of this invention An example of the support structure of a resin discharge means
- a liquid raw material is supplied to a fluid ejected at a high pressure (preferably a gaseous fluid) to form nanofibers.
- a high pressure preferably a gaseous fluid
- the composition is not particularly specified.
- gas gases
- raw material means all materials for forming nanofibers, and in the following examples, an example using a synthetic resin as “raw material” will be described.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and various composition materials may be used.
- liquid raw material does not limit the property of the raw material to be a liquid, but an embodiment in which a solid raw material is melted and extruded by an extrusion apparatus to form nanofibers.
- 1 includes a “melting raw material” applied to 1 and a solid raw material or a liquid raw material is dissolved in a predetermined solvent in advance so as to have a predetermined concentration, which is appropriately fed by means from the discharge port. It includes “dissolving raw material” applied to Example 2 in which nanofibers are formed by discharging or extruding.
- the “liquid raw material” in the present invention requires a property having a viscosity that allows the “raw material” to be supplied (spouted and discharged) from the supply port (spout port and discharge port).
- a “raw material” having such a liquid property is referred to as a “liquid raw material”.
- the discharge means 73a that discharges a plurality of liquid raw materials around the high-pressure gas flow 90 ejected from the high-pressure gas ejection means 71 has a variable installation angle. That is, the supply angle ⁇ of the liquid raw material with respect to the high-pressure gas flow 90 is made variable. As shown in FIG. 71
- the basic concept of the present invention is that a discharge means 73a for discharging a liquid raw material is disposed at a supply angle ⁇ with respect to the center line 91 of the high-pressure gas flow 90, and a plurality of discharge means 73a The discharged liquid raw material to be discharged and supplied is arranged toward the center line 91 of the high-pressure gas flow 90. It is preferable to arrange the discharged liquid raw materials discharged and supplied from the plurality of discharging means 73 a so as to intersect on the center line 91.
- positioning state of each component is as above, and the positional relationship is as follows. If these are expressed by the positional relationship of retreating to the downstream side with respect to the position of the gas jet outlet 71 (opening nozzle) of the high-pressure gas, a is the retreat distance of the material discharge port from the discharge port of the discharge means 73a. Yes, b is the retreat distance of the position where the discharge raw material from the discharge port of the discharge means 73a intersects, c is the opening diameter of the discharge port of the discharge means 73a, and d is the gas discharge port separation distance.
- the raw material supply tangent angle ⁇ represented by the formula is configured to be adjustable in the range of 0 ° ⁇ ⁇ 90 °.
- the material supply tangent angle ⁇ should be determined by the material discharge port retreat distance a, the discharge material crossing position retreat distance b, and the gas discharge port separation distance d, and the high pressure gas discharge port opening diameter c. And the relationship between the pressure and temperature of the jetted high-pressure gas.
- the pellet-shaped raw material (resin) charged into the hopper is supplied into a heating cylinder heated by a heater and melted, and the motor is used. Delivered to the front of the heating cylinder by a rotating screw.
- the heating cylinder is provided with a head portion, and high-pressure gas is ejected from a gas ejection port formed at the center of the head portion.
- Liquid molten raw material (molten resin) that has reached the tip of the heating cylinder is supplied to the liquid molten raw material (molten resin) of multiple ultra-thin tubes arranged downstream of the gas jetting means via the inside of the head part.
- the liquid melt raw material discharge means of a plurality of ultra-thin tubes are evenly arranged around the gas outlet arranged at the center. Thereby, the molten resin discharged from the liquid molten raw material discharging means is stretched to form a nano-order fiber.
- Example 2 of the present invention it is configured to be ejected from a gas ejection port formed mainly with high-pressure gas, and downstream of the liquid dissolved raw material ejection means. It is discharged from the liquid melt raw material discharge means of a plurality of ultra-thin tubes arranged on the side.
- a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 as Example 1 of the present invention includes a hopper 2 for charging a nanofiber raw material with a resin (a granular synthetic resin having a fine particle diameter).
- the heating cylinder 3 for receiving and supplying the resin from the hopper 2 to heat and melt it, the heater 4 as a heating means for heating the heating cylinder from the outside, and being rotatably accommodated in the heating cylinder 3 and rotating
- a screw 5 as an extruding device for moving the molten resin to the tip of the heating cylinder 3, a motor 6 as a driving means for rotating the screw 5 via a connecting portion 61 (details not shown), It is provided at the tip of the heating cylinder 3 and has a resin discharge means for discharging a molten resin, which will be described later, from its surroundings.
- a cylindrical head portion 7 for having a gas ejection port 71 for ejecting the hot air (opening the nozzle).
- High pressure gas is supplied to the cylindrical head portion 7 through a pipe 81 connected to a gas piping portion 8 serving as a gas supply pipe in order to inject the injection gas from the center portion.
- the gas pipe section 8 is provided with heating means (not shown) such as a heater, and is configured to inject hot air from a gas outlet 71 (open nozzle).
- the head portion 7 and the heating cylinder 3 are connected to each other through a seal portion 9 such as an O-ring or a donut-shaped sheet member, so that the molten resin does not leak out of the apparatus.
- the plurality of heaters 4 arranged on the outer periphery of the heating cylinder 3 are configured to be capable of temperature control independently or collectively by control means (not shown).
- the four heaters 4 are arranged as shown in FIG. 1, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the material and properties of the resin used, the diameter and length of the heating cylinder 3, etc. According to various conditions, the number of installations may be changed, the size of each heater may be changed, or the arrangement conditions may be changed as appropriate.
- FIG. 2 is a plan view of the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 1 of the present embodiment
- FIG. 3 is a front view. 4 to 6 are explanatory views showing the structure of the head unit 7.
- a pipe 81 to which a high-pressure gas is supplied from the outer periphery of the heating cylinder 3 through a gas pipe section 8 is connected to the head section 7 as an embodiment of the present invention.
- the high-pressure gas from the pipe 81 is introduced into the head portion 7 and is ejected from a gas ejection port 71 (opening nozzle: FIG. 3) formed in the center portion.
- a plurality of resin discharge means 73 are arranged at equal intervals.
- the resin discharge means 73 is configured by a resin discharge needle 73 a and a resin discharge needle mounting portion 73 b having a structure for mounting the resin discharge needle 73 a to the head portion 7.
- the heating cylinder cover portion 77 that covers the tip of the heating cylinder 3 and a resin discharge means holding ring portion 78 as a means for holding the resin discharge means 73.
- the resin discharge means holding ring part 78 is fixed to the heating cylinder cover part 77 by fixing means (not indicated) such as a bolt.
- the arrangement relationship between the gas outlet 71 (opening nozzle) and the resin discharge means 73 arranged around is described with reference to FIG. It is ejected by a gas flow 90 ejected from a gas ejection port 71 arranged at the center of the head portion 7.
- a plurality of resin discharge means 73 arranged around the gas flow 90 are provided, and a gas flow discharged from the discharge port 71 at a discharge angle ⁇ from a resin discharge needle 73a as a resin discharge port. It is discharged toward 90.
- the resin discharge port of the resin discharge needle 73a is arranged forward (a downstream side along the gas flow 90 from the jet port 71) by a distance a from the jet port 71.
- Each resin discharge port of the plurality of resin discharge needles 73a is discharged so that the discharge resin intersects forward (distance downstream along the gas flow 90 from the jet port 71) by a distance b from the jet port 71.
- the arrangement conditions such as the arrangement interval of the resin discharge means 73 may be selected and changed as appropriate according to the use of the nanofiber to be manufactured.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of the head portion 7 of FIG. 3, and FIGS. 5A, 5B, and 5C are main portions (BB cross-section) of the head portion 7 of FIG. , CC cross-section, DD cross-section).
- FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing a flow path A for high pressure gas and a flow path B for molten resin. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, six resin flow paths 75 (arrows B in the figure) corresponding to the resin discharge means 73 are formed in the head portion 7 at equal intervals. The resin discharge means 73 is connected to the heating cylinder 3 through the resin flow path 75.
- the molten resin pressed by the rotation of the screw 5 flows into the resin flow path 75 shown in the DD cross section of FIG. 5C, and passes through the resin flow path 75 shown in the CC cross section through B ⁇
- the resin flows into the resin discharge needle mounting portion 73b shown in the B cross-sectional view and is discharged from the resin discharge needle 73a.
- the gas flow path 72 (arrow A in the figure) is formed at the center of the head portion 7 so as not to interfere with the resin flow path 75 (arrow B in the figure).
- the direction is changed from the outside to the inside of the head portion 7 through any adjacent resin flow path 75.
- the gas piping part 8 is connected to the gas flow path 72 through the pipe 81.
- High-pressure and high-temperature gas supplied from the gas injection port 71 (opening nozzle) by the gas injection unit 8 is injected through the gas flow path 72 thus formed.
- the resin flow path 75 and the gas flow path 72 are formed so as not to interfere with each other in the head portion 7.
- symbol 79 in FIG.7 (b) is the thread part 79 at the time of attaching the pipe (gas flow path) 81 with respect to the heating cylinder cover part 77.
- a holding adjustment means 74 of the resin discharge means 73 is provided.
- the diameter of the resin discharge port of the resin discharge needle 73a of the resin discharge means 73 is very thin and is very susceptible to stresses such as vibrations of the apparatus and resin pressure. In some cases, it may change, or the head unit 7 may be detached. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent the resin discharge needle 73a from being stressed even if the angle of the resin discharge port 74 is adjusted and changed so that the resin discharge needle 73a is not detached from the head portion 7.
- FIG. 7A is an explanatory view showing a support structure by the resin discharge port support portion 74 for fixing the resin discharge means 73 to the resin discharge means holding ring portion 78 and making the attachment angle adjustable.
- the resin discharge means 73 includes a resin discharge needle 73a and a resin discharge needle mounting portion 73b.
- the resin discharge needle mounting portion 73b is a resin for the head portion 7 by appropriate fixing means such as screwing, engagement, and pins (not shown). It is fixed to the discharge means holding ring part 78.
- the resin discharge needle 73a is provided with a resin discharge port support portion 74.
- the resin discharge port support portion 74 is provided so as to penetrate from the outside to the inside of the head portion 7 as shown in FIG.
- an adjusting means 74b having an adjusting rod 74c that can be advanced and retracted.
- the adjustment rod 74c is moved forward and backward to move the resin discharge needle gripping portion 74a in the radial direction of the head portion 7, thereby fixing the resin discharge needle 73a at a desired position and angle. can do.
- the resin discharge means 73 can be adjusted so that the discharged molten resin is discharged at a desired discharge angle with respect to the jet gas flow from the gas jet port 71. It can be securely fixed.
- the resin discharge needle 73a has a very thin tubular shape, and the tip thereof is in operation of the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus 1.
- the resin discharge port support portion 74 can effectively suppress this vibration.
- FIG. 2 of the present embodiment six resin discharge means 73 and six resin discharge port support portions 74 are provided.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and the resin used, the production amount, What is necessary is just to select the number suitably according to conditions, such as a characteristic of a product.
- FIG. 7B shows another example of the angle adjustment function of the resin discharge means 73.
- the resin discharge port support portion 74 can be advanced and retracted by penetrating the resin discharge needle holding portion 74d from the outside to the inside of the head portion 7 so as to hold the resin discharge needle 73a from the periphery.
- adjusting means (not shown) provided with an adjusting rod 74e. Also in this case, by operating the adjusting means, the adjustment rod 74e is moved forward and backward to move the resin discharge needle gripping portion 74d in the radial direction of the head portion 7, thereby moving the resin discharge needle 73a to a desired position / Can be fixed at an angle.
- the resin discharge needle mounting portion 73c is formed into a spherical shape or a cylindrical shape, and the sliding surface 76 on which the resin discharge needle mounting portion 73c is rotatable / rotatable is provided on the resin discharge means holding ring portion 78 of the head portion 7.
- the angle of the resin discharge needle 73a can be easily adjusted by attaching the resin discharge needle mounting portion 73c. As a result, the angle of the resin discharge means 73 can be adjusted without worrying about the resin discharge needle 73a falling off.
- the gas outlet 71 and the resin discharge means 73 are configured to be disposed at a position where the gas outlet 71 is retracted downstream from the resin discharge means 73 as shown in the figure.
- molten resin is extended
- the resin discharged from the resin discharge means 73 is longer and longer than the case where normal temperature gas is jetted. Enables the production of nanofibers with a small diameter.
- the raw material (resin) thrown into the hopper 2 is melted by being heated by the heater 4 in the heating cylinder 3, and sent to the front of the heating cylinder 3 by a screw rotated by the motor 6.
- the molten resin that has reached the tip of the heating cylinder 3 is discharged from the raw material discharge ports of the six resin discharge needles via the six resin flow paths 75 formed inside the head portion 7.
- the discharged molten resin is transported on an air flow generated by the high-pressure and high-temperature gas supplied from the gas injection unit 8 and injected from the gas injection port 71. At this time, the molten resin is stretched to form nanofibers due to the difference in velocity between the faster high-temperature gas stream and the slower air staying around.
- Example 1 of the present invention a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus used as a raw material by melting a granular synthetic resin having a fine particle diameter has been described in detail.
- the liquid raw material for nanofiber is limited to this. Instead, a dissolved raw material in which a solid raw material or a liquid raw material is dissolved in advance in a predetermined solvent so as to have a predetermined concentration may be used. This is also a liquid raw material. 8 to 10 show a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus for forming nanofibers from a dissolved raw material.
- symbol is attached
- a solvent reservoir 5A having a function of extruding a melted raw material by applying a predetermined pressure is used instead of the hopper 2, the screw 5 and the motor 6 of the first embodiment.
- the predetermined pressure may be a pressure due to gravity due to a height difference.
- a solvent supply hose 3A and a gas injection unit 8 are connected to the head unit 7A. Although illustration is omitted, the means for ejecting the gas may be appropriately provided in the gas injection unit 8 or introduced into the gas injection unit 8 from a high-pressure gas supply unit (not shown). As shown in FIG.
- the head portion 7A is provided with a gas flow path 72A and a gas injection port 71A that serve as a flow path for the gas supplied from the gas injection section 8.
- the head portion 7 ⁇ / b> A is provided with a resin flow path 75 ⁇ / b> A that is a flow path for the dissolved raw material, and the resin flow path 75 ⁇ / b> A is connected to the resin discharge means 73.
- the resin discharge means 73 is composed of a resin discharge needle 73a that is a discharge port for the melted raw material and a resin discharge needle mounting portion (not shown in FIGS. 8 to 10).
- the head portion 7A is provided with a resin discharge means holding plate portion 78A, which is provided with a resin discharge needle gripping portion 74a and an adjustment rod 74c that is provided to penetrate from the outside to the inside of the head portion 7A.
- the nanofiber manufacturing apparatus in Example 2 has two resin discharge means 73 as shown in FIG.
- the arrangement of the resin discharge means 73 is not limited to two, and three or more resin discharge means 73 may be provided around the gas injection port 71A. In that case, it is desirable to provide the resin discharge means 73 equally.
- the embodiment shown in the figure shows a horizontal ejection type, but a modified example in which the gas flow path 72A from the gas injection port 71A is perpendicular to the vertical direction (from the top to the bottom or from the bottom to the top) is known to those skilled in the art. If so, it can be easily conceived.
- a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus By comprising in this way, compared with the structure of Example 1, by using the melt
- the Example of this invention was explained in full detail, this invention is not limited to the said Example, A various deformation
- the molten resin and the gas ejection port are shown as a horizontal nanofiber manufacturing apparatus in which the horizontal direction is directed to the horizontal direction.
- the present invention is not limited to this, and a vertical nanofiber manufacturing apparatus configured downward is provided. There is no problem as a manufacturing method. In that case, the influence of gravity can be avoided effectively.
- the extrusion apparatus was demonstrated as the screw 5, although the countermeasure against the nanofiber to manufacture is needed, there is no problem even by intermittent extrusion using a piston etc. by supplying solutions sequentially like die casting.
- the gas ejection port 71 may be formed in a taper shape so as to increase the pressure.
- the structure for adjusting the angle of the resin discharge needle 73a has been described with reference to two specific examples. For example, any structure can be used as long as the structure can be adjusted such as a bellows type resin discharge means. There may be.
- Nanofiber production equipment Hopper 3 Heating cylinder 4 Heater (heating means) 5 Screw (extrusion device) 6 Motor (drive means) 7 Head part 71 Gas ejection port 72 Gas flow path 73 Resin ejection means 73a Resin ejection needle (raw material ejection port) 73b, 73c Resin discharge needle mounting portion 74 Resin discharge port support portion 74a Resin discharge needle gripping portion 74b Adjustment portion 74c Adjustment rod 75 Resin flow passage 76 Gas flow passage 77 Heating cylinder cover portion 78 Resin discharge means holding ring portion 8 Gas injection portion (Gas injection means) 81 Pipe (gas flow path) 90 High pressure gas flow 91 High pressure gas flow center line
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- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
ここで、高圧ガス流90の中心線91に対して、液状性原料を吐出する吐出手段73aの供給角度はθで配置されており、
tanθ=d/(b-a) (1)
で表される原料供給正接角度θが 0°<θ<90°の範囲で調整可能に構成するものである。一例として、原料吐出口後退距離a=30mm、吐出口開口径=2mm、ガス噴出口離間距離d=7mm、噴出高圧ガスの圧力を約0.15MPaとした場合、θ=20°±10°が望ましい。
2 ホッパー
3 加熱シリンダー
4 ヒーター(加熱手段)
5 スクリュー(押出装置)
6 モーター(駆動手段)
7 ヘッド部
71 ガス噴出口
72 ガス流路
73 樹脂吐出手段
73a 樹脂吐出針(原料吐出口)
73b、73c 樹脂吐出針取付部
74 樹脂吐出口支持部
74a 樹脂吐出針把持部
74b 調整部
74c 調整杵
75 樹脂流路
76 ガス流路
77 加熱シリンダーカバー部
78 樹脂吐出手段保持環部
8 ガス噴射部(ガス噴射手段)
81 パイプ(ガス流路)
90 高圧ガス流
91 高圧ガス流の中心線
Claims (10)
- 高圧ガス噴出手段から噴出する高圧ガス流に対して液状性原料を吐出する液状性原料吐出手段を備えるナノファイバー製造装置であって、
当該液状性原料吐出手段は、前記高圧ガス噴出手段から噴出する高圧ガス流を中心にして複数配置されたことを特徴とするナノファイバー製造装置。 - 前記液状性原料吐出手段は、原料を溶融して押し出す押出し手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のナノファイバー製造装置。
- 前記液状性原料吐出手段は、溶解原料を供給する手段を備えていることを特徴とする請求項1記載のナノファイバー製造装置。
- 前記高圧ガス噴出手段には高圧かつ高温のガスを供給するためのガス供給手段が設けられ、前記高圧ガス噴出手段から高温のガスを高圧で噴出することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3の何れか一項記載のナノファイバー製造装置。
- 前記高圧ガス噴出手段から噴出する高圧ガス流に対する前記液状性原料吐出手段の設置角度を調整することが可能な角度調整手段を備えることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4の何れか一項記載のナノファイバー製造装置。
- 前記液状性原料吐出手段は、少なくとも2個以上が前記高圧ガス噴出手段に対して対称に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至5の何れか一項記載のナノファイバー製造装置。
- 前記液状性原料吐出手段は、前記高圧ガス噴出手段から噴出する高圧ガス流の周囲に等間隔で配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至6の何れか一項記載のナノファイバー製造装置。
- 前記高圧ガス噴出手段から噴出する高圧ガス流は、ナノファイバー製造装置の設置面に対して垂直方向に設置されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7の何れか一項記載のナノファイバー製造装置。
- 高圧ガス噴出手段から噴出する高圧ガス流に対して液状性原料吐出手段から液状性原料を吐出してナノファイバーを製造するナノファイバー製造方法であって、
前記高圧ガス噴出手段から噴出する高圧ガス流を中心にして、複数配置された前記液状性原料吐出手段から液状性原料が吐出される際に、前記液状性原料吐出手段から前記高圧ガス流に対する液状性原料の吐出角度を調整することを特徴とするナノファイバー製造方法。 - 原料が供給される加熱シリンダーと、該加熱シリンダーを加熱する加熱手段と、前記加熱シリンダー内で原料を押しだす押出装置と、を具備するナノファイバー製造装置を用いたナノファイバー製造方法であって、
前記加熱シリンダーの端部は高圧のガスを噴射するガス噴出口を設け、
該ガス噴出口の周囲には、前記加熱シリンダー内で溶融状態となった原料を吐出する複数の原料吐出手段を設け、
前記加熱手段により前記加熱シリンダーを加熱して前記加熱シリンダーの内部に供給された原料を溶融又は原料の溶融状態を維持し、前記押出装置によって原料を前記原料吐出手段から吐出させ、前記ガス噴出口から噴射するガスによって気流を生成し、前記吐出原料を外周から噴出ガスの気流に載せることで伸長させてナノオーダー径の繊維に形成することを特徴とするナノファイバー製造方法。
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