WO2016147791A1 - 通信装置、利用可能帯域計算システム、利用可能帯域計算方法及びプログラム - Google Patents
通信装置、利用可能帯域計算システム、利用可能帯域計算方法及びプログラム Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
- H04L43/0876—Network utilisation, e.g. volume of load or congestion level
- H04L43/0882—Utilisation of link capacity
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
- H04L43/0876—Network utilisation, e.g. volume of load or congestion level
- H04L43/0894—Packet rate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
- H04L43/0823—Errors, e.g. transmission errors
- H04L43/0829—Packet loss
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
- H04L43/0823—Errors, e.g. transmission errors
- H04L43/0829—Packet loss
- H04L43/0835—One way packet loss
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/10—Active monitoring, e.g. heartbeat, ping or trace-route
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/50—Testing arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/40—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass for recovering from a failure of a protocol instance or entity, e.g. service redundancy protocols, protocol state redundancy or protocol service redirection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
- H04L43/16—Threshold monitoring
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a communication device, an available bandwidth calculation system, an available bandwidth calculation method, and a program.
- Patent Document 1 a technique for estimating an available bandwidth at the IP (Internet Protocol) level using a packet train composed of a series of measurement packets.
- IP Internet Protocol
- Patent Document 1 a technique for estimating an available bandwidth at the IP (Internet Protocol) level using a packet train composed of a series of measurement packets.
- the network device is a device that relays communication packets transmitted and received between the transmission device and the reception device.
- the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1 transmits and receives measurement packets as follows in order to accurately control the transmission and reception intervals of measurement packets. That is, in the technique of Patent Document 1, for example, more than 100 measurement packets are transmitted / received using a protocol (UDP (User Datagram Protocol) / IP) without arrival guarantee.
- UDP User Datagram Protocol
- the packet storage area (input buffer) provided in the network device
- the network device transmits the measurement packet stored in the packet storage area
- an empty space is generated in the packet storage area.
- the network apparatus can store the next measurement packet in the packet storage area. Therefore, the reception interval of the measurement packet when the buffer overflow occurs is shorter than the reception interval of the measurement packet when the buffer overflow does not occur because the transmission time of the discarded packet is not included.
- the packet train that has lost the measurement packet cannot accurately grasp the change in the transmission / reception interval of the measurement packet, and the estimation accuracy of the usable bandwidth deteriorates.
- An example of the object of the present invention is to provide a communication device, an available bandwidth calculation system, an available bandwidth calculation method, and a program that solve the above-described problems.
- a communication apparatus includes: a receiving unit that receives a plurality of measurement packets among a plurality of measurement packets scheduled to be received each having consecutive numbers; and a consecutive number among the plurality of received measurement packets And an extraction unit that extracts an effective packet group including a plurality of measurement packets, and a calculation unit that calculates an available bandwidth using the extracted effective packet group.
- the available bandwidth calculation system includes a transmission device and a reception device.
- the transmission device includes a generation unit that generates a plurality of measurement packets each having a consecutive number, and a transmission unit that transmits the generated plurality of measurement packets.
- the receiving device includes: a receiving unit that receives a plurality of measurement packets among the plurality of transmitted measurement packets; and an effective packet group including a plurality of measurement packets having consecutive numbers among the plurality of received measurement packets And a calculation unit for calculating an available bandwidth using the extracted effective packet group.
- the available bandwidth calculation method is configured to receive a plurality of measurement packets among a plurality of measurement packets scheduled to be received, each having a consecutive number, and consecutive numbers among the received plurality of measurement packets. And extracting an effective packet group including a plurality of measurement packets, and calculating an available bandwidth using the extracted effective packet group.
- a program receives a plurality of measurement packets among a plurality of measurement packets scheduled to be received each having a consecutive number, and a plurality of consecutive measurement numbers among the plurality of received measurement packets.
- An effective packet group including the measurement packet is extracted, and the computer is caused to calculate an available bandwidth using the extracted effective packet group.
- FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of an effective packet extraction unit illustrated in FIG. 1. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an example of the packet arrival information which the packet presence confirmation function part shown in FIG. 2 produces. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an example of the packet group information which the packet group information generation function part shown in FIG. 2 produces.
- 3 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of an effective packet extraction unit illustrated in FIG. 2. It is a block diagram of the effective packet extraction part which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 7 is a flowchart illustrating an operation of an effective packet extraction unit illustrated in FIG. 6.
- 1 is a schematic block diagram showing a basic configuration of an available bandwidth calculation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an example of the packet train in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating an example of the packet train in the 1st Embodiment of this invention.
- FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a schematic configuration of an available bandwidth calculation system 100 according to the first embodiment.
- the available bandwidth calculation system 100 includes a transmission device (transmission side device) 101 and a reception device (reception side device) 102.
- the transmission device 101 and the reception device 102 are connected via a network 103.
- the transmission device 101 and the reception device 102 are communication terminals such as a personal computer (PC), a portable information terminal, a mobile phone, and a smartphone, or a communication terminal built in or externally attached as a peripheral device of the information processing device. It may be.
- the transmission device 101 and the reception device 102 are examples of communication devices.
- the transmission device 101 and the reception device 102 include a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit) and hardware such as a main storage device, an auxiliary storage device, and an input device.
- a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit)
- hardware such as a main storage device, an auxiliary storage device, and an input device.
- the transmission apparatus 101 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a measurement packet generation unit 110, a measurement packet transmission unit 111, a transmission / reception unit 112, and a parameter storage unit 113.
- the receiving apparatus 102 includes a transmission / reception unit 120, a reception interval measurement unit 121, an available bandwidth calculation unit 122, a measurement data storage unit 123, and an effective packet extraction unit 201.
- the measurement packet generator 110 may be simply referred to as a generator 110.
- the measurement packet transmitter 111 may be simply referred to as a transmitter 111.
- the reception interval measurement unit 121 may be simply referred to as a measurement unit 121.
- the available bandwidth calculation unit 122 may be simply referred to as the calculation unit 122.
- the effective packet extraction unit 201 may be simply referred to as the extraction unit 201.
- the transmission apparatus 101 and the reception apparatus 102 implement the functions of the units illustrated in FIG. 1 by executing predetermined programs using the above-described processor and other hardware.
- the generation unit 110 of the transmission device 101 generates a plurality of measurement packets to be transmitted to the reception device 102.
- the measurement packet generated by the generation unit 110 is transmitted to the reception device 102 as a packet train.
- the generation unit 110 generates a measurement packet in which the packet size sequentially increases or decreases from the first packet to the last packet in the packet train.
- the transmission / reception unit 112 transmits a communication signal such as a measurement packet to the network 103, and receives a communication signal such as a communication packet transmitted from the network 103 by the receiving device 102.
- the transmission unit 111 transmits a plurality of measurement packets whose packet sizes sequentially increase or decrease via the transmission / reception unit 112 at a predetermined transmission interval.
- the parameter storage unit 113 stores the minimum packet size or the maximum packet size, the packet increase size or the packet decrease size, and the measurement packet transmission interval.
- the generation unit 110 may generate a measurement packet in which the packet size is increased by the packet increase size from the minimum packet size with reference to the parameter storage unit 113.
- the generation unit 110 may generate a measurement packet in which the packet size is decreased by the packet decrease size from the maximum packet size with reference to the parameter storage unit 113.
- the transmission unit 111 sequentially transmits measurement packets having different packet sizes at the transmission intervals stored in the parameter storage unit 113.
- the transmission / reception unit 120 of the reception apparatus 102 receives a plurality of measurement packets whose packet sizes transmitted from the transmission apparatus 101 sequentially increase or decrease via one or a plurality of network apparatuses (not shown) installed in the network 103. To do.
- the measurement unit 121 stores information (referred to as measurement data) regarding the received measurement packet in the measurement data storage unit 123.
- the measurement data stored in the measurement data storage unit 123 includes the packet number (number) of each measurement packet received by the transmission / reception unit 120, the packet size, the transmission interval, and the reception interval.
- the measurement unit 121 acquires a packet number, a packet size, and a transmission interval included in the received measurement packet.
- the measurement unit 121 stores the packet number, the packet size, and the transmission interval in the measurement data storage unit 123 together with the reception time.
- the measurement unit 121 obtains a measurement packet reception interval from the difference between the previous measurement packet reception time and the current measurement packet reception time, and stores the obtained reception interval in the measurement data storage unit 123.
- the measurement unit 121 performs a calculation process for obtaining a reception interval by limiting a target to measurement packets included in the effective packet group extracted by the extraction unit 201.
- the extraction unit 201 extracts a valid packet group including consecutive measurement packets that have been successfully received from the plurality of received measurement packets.
- the packet group means a group of packets composed of a plurality of packets.
- the effective packet group is a packet group including measurement packets that are effective for the estimation process of the available bandwidth.
- the extraction unit 201 notifies the measurement unit 121 and the calculation unit 122 of information indicating the position or range of the measurement packet that is effective for the usable bandwidth estimation process. Details of the extraction unit 201 will be described later.
- FIG. 9A is a diagram showing a packet train 150 at the time of transmission.
- FIG. 9B is a diagram showing a reception packet train 160.
- the transmission packet train 150 is a measurement packet train transmitted by the transmission apparatus 101.
- the transmission packet train 150 is composed of a plurality of measurement packets 151 in which the packet size PS is sequentially increased.
- the packet size PS is indicated by the shaded portion.
- the number of measurement packets 151 generated by the generation unit 110 is N (N is an integer of 3 or more).
- the packet number PN is a number for identifying the measurement packet 151.
- the transmission packet train 150 is composed of measurement packets 151 with packet numbers PN arranged in time series from No. 1 to No. N.
- the measurement packet 151 for example, an IP packet, a UDP packet, an RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol) packet, or the like can be used.
- the transmission interval Ts of each measurement packet 151 is equal to the transmission interval stored in the parameter storage unit 113. That is, the time interval between adjacent measurement packets 151 is equal.
- the packet size PS of the measurement packet 151 with the packet number 1 is equal to the minimum packet size stored in the parameter storage unit 113.
- the packet size PS of the measurement packet with the packet number 2 is larger than the size of the measurement packet with the packet number 1 by the increased packet size stored in the parameter storage unit 113.
- the packet size of the measurement packet 151 increases by the packet increase size every time the packet number increases by one.
- the generation unit 110 includes the packet number PN, the packet size PS, and the transmission interval Ts in each measurement packet 151.
- the reception packet train 160 shown in FIG. 9B indicates a measurement packet train received by the reception apparatus 102.
- the transmission time packet train 150 is transmitted through the network 103 and is received by the receiving apparatus 102 as a reception time packet train 160.
- the reception interval Tr of the measurement packet 161 is substantially equal to the transmission interval Ts at the time of measurement packet transmission.
- the reception interval Tr of the measurement packet 161 becomes larger than the transmission interval Ts at the time of transmission at a certain time.
- the calculation unit 122 calculates an available bandwidth using the measurement packet immediately before the measurement packet.
- the reception interval Tr of the measurement packet 161 is obtained by the measurement unit 121 using the effective packet group extracted by the extraction unit 201. Since the packet size of the measurement packet increases, the measurement packet transmitted immediately before the measurement packet whose reception interval is larger than the transmission interval is among the measurement packets whose reception interval and transmission interval are substantially equal. It corresponds to the measurement packet with the largest packet size.
- the calculation unit 122 calculates the available bandwidth according to the following procedure based on the packet size and transmission interval of the measurement packet transmitted immediately before the measurement packet whose reception interval is larger than the transmission interval.
- the calculation unit 122 first checks the packet number of the measurement packet 161 in which the reception interval Tr is larger than the transmission interval Ts.
- Let j be the packet number of the measurement packet 161 when the reception interval Tr is larger than the transmission interval Ts.
- the reception interval between the measurement packet 161 with the packet number j and the measurement packet 161 with the packet number j ⁇ 1 is larger than the transmission interval between the measurement packet 161 with the packet number j and the measurement packet 161 with the packet number j ⁇ 1.
- the reception interval between the measurement packet 161 with the packet number j-1 and the measurement packet 161 with the packet number j-2 is the transmission interval between the measurement packet 161 with the packet number j-1 and the measurement packet 161 with the packet number j-2.
- the measurement packets 161 with packet numbers j-2, j-1, and j are all measurement packets included in the valid packet group.
- the calculation unit 122 sends the packet size of the measurement packet 161 with the packet number j ⁇ 1 and the transmission interval Ts (measurement of the measurement packet 161 with the packet number j ⁇ 1 and the packet number j ⁇ 2 from the measurement data storage unit 123. (Transmission interval with the packet 161).
- the calculation unit 122 stores the calculated available bandwidth in the measurement data storage unit 123.
- the calculation unit 122 transmits the calculated available bandwidth to the transmission device 101 via the transmission / reception unit 120.
- the transmission / reception unit 112 of the transmission device 101 receives the measurement result of the available bandwidth transmitted by the reception device 102.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the extraction unit 201. 2, the same components as those illustrated in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description of the components is omitted.
- the extraction unit 201 includes a packet presence / absence confirmation function unit 210, a packet group information generation function unit 211, a packet information storage unit 212, and a valid packet number detection function unit 213.
- the packet presence / absence confirmation function unit 210 may be simply referred to as a confirmation function unit 210.
- the packet group information generation function unit 211 may be simply referred to as a generation function unit 211.
- the packet information storage unit 212 may be simply referred to as the storage unit 212.
- the valid packet number detection function unit 213 may be simply referred to as a detection function unit 213.
- the confirmation function unit 210 confirms whether each measurement packet included in the packet train has arrived.
- the generation function unit 211 divides the received packet train into packet groups using measurement packets lost in the network as a delimiter, and generates information on each packet group (each packet group).
- the storage unit 212 stores information indicating the arrival result of each measurement packet generated by the confirmation function unit 210 and information regarding each packet group generated by the generation function unit 211.
- the detection function unit 213 detects the number of the measurement packet used by the measurement unit 121 and the calculation unit 122 for the estimation process of the available bandwidth from the information stored in the storage unit 212.
- FIG. 3 shows a configuration example of the packet arrival information 2101.
- the packet arrival information 2101 has an array structure having the arrival results of all measurement packets scheduled to arrive (scheduled to be received) as elements.
- the packet arrival information 2101 indicates the arrival result of the measurement packet that the first element is scheduled to arrive first.
- the packet arrival information 2101 includes elements indicating the arrival result of the measurement packet scheduled to arrive 115th in order from the element indicating the arrival result of the measurement packet scheduled to arrive second. Each element stores “1” when a packet arrives, and “0” when a packet does not arrive.
- FIG. 4 shows a configuration example of the packet group information 2111.
- the contents of the packet group information 2111 shown in FIG. 4 correspond to the contents of the packet arrival information 2101 shown in FIG.
- the packet group information 2111 is configured as a table including a plurality of records. Each record includes a plurality of fields for storing a packet group number, a start packet number, an end packet number, the number of packets, the number of lost packets, and a loss start packet number.
- the packet group number is a number for identifying each divided packet group when a packet train received using a measurement packet lost in the network as a delimiter is divided into a plurality of packet groups.
- the start packet number is the number of the measurement packet at which the packet group identified by the packet group number of the same record is started.
- the end packet number is the number of the measurement packet at which the packet group ends.
- the number of packets is the number of measurement packets included in the packet group.
- the number of lost packets is the number of measurement packets indicated as “0” in the packet arrival information 2101.
- the loss start packet number is the number of the first measurement packet written as “0” in the packet arrival information 2101 in the packet group.
- the packet group separation method can be realized, for example, by regarding a portion where “1” is written immediately after “0” in the packet arrival information 2101 as a separation. For example, in the packet arrival information 2101 shown in FIG. 3, packet number 4 and packet number 9 are separated. Further, the measurement packets with the packet numbers 1 to 4 are regarded as the packet group 1, and the measurement packets with the packet numbers 5 to 9 are regarded as the packet group 2. In this case, for packet group 1, the packet group number is 1, the start packet number is 1, the end packet number is 4, the number of packets is 4, the number of lost packets is 1, and the number of lost start packets is 4. Regarding the packet group 2, the packet group number is 2, the start packet number is 5, the end packet number is 9, the number of packets is 5, the number of lost packets is 1, and the number of lost start packets is 9.
- the transmission / reception unit 120 of the receiving apparatus 102 receives the packet train. Based on the received packet train, the confirmation function unit 210 creates packet arrival information 2101 (step S1). This process can be realized, for example, by a process as shown in FIG. That is, the confirmation function unit 210 creates an array for storing information indicating whether each measurement packet has arrived. Further, “1” is inserted when the confirmation function unit 210 arrives at each element constituting the array, and “0” is inserted when the measurement packet does not arrive.
- the generation function unit 211 generates packet group information (step S2).
- the generation function unit 211 can generate, for example, the packet group information 2111 shown in FIG. 4 as follows. First, the generation function unit 211 determines, in the packet arrival information 2101, a location where “0” and “1” are successively stored in this order as a packet group delimiter. Next, the generation function unit 211 sets the packet number in which “0” is stored as the end packet number of the “previous” packet group, and the packet number in which the next “1” is stored in the “after” packet group. Set as start packet number. Next, the generation function unit 211 calculates the number of packets using a calculation formula of ““ end packet number ” ⁇ “ start packet number ”+1”.
- the generation function unit 211 sets the number of measurement packets in which “0” is stored in the packet arrival information 2101 as the number of lost packets. Next, the generation function unit 211 inserts the number of the measurement packet in which “0” is first stored in the packet arrival information 2101 into the “loss start packet number”. Through the above processing, the generation function unit 211 can generate the packet group information 2111.
- the detection function unit 213 calculates a packet loss rate in the packet train (step S3). That is, the detection function unit 213 calculates a packet loss rate for all measurement packets included in the received packet train. In this process, for example, the detection function unit 213 calculates the number of “1” and “0” from the packet arrival information 2101 stored in the storage unit 212, and calculates “number of“ 0 ”/ (number of“ 0 ””). The packet loss rate is calculated using the formula of “number of“ 1 ”+)”.
- the detection function unit 213 calculates the packet loss rate of each packet group (step S4).
- the detection function unit 213 extracts the number of lost packets and the number of packets in one packet group from the packet group information 2111 stored in the storage unit 212, for example. Then, the detection function unit 213 calculates the packet loss rate of the packet group using the formula “number of lost packets / number of packets”.
- the detection function unit 213 compares the packet loss rate of the packet train calculated in step S3 with the packet loss rate in the packet group calculated in step S4 (step S5). As a result of step S5, the case where the detection function unit 213 determines that “the packet loss rate of the packet train”> “the packet loss rate of the packet group” will be described. In this case, the detection function unit 213 extracts information on the next packet group (packet group having one larger packet number) from the storage unit 212, and repeats from step S4.
- the detection function unit 213 determines that “the packet loss rate of the packet train” ⁇ “the packet loss rate of the packet group” as a result of step S3 will be described.
- the detection function unit 213 can use measurement packets having numbers up to “loss start packet number-1” in the packet group immediately before the packet group (a packet group having one smaller packet number).
- the measurement unit 121 is notified that it is effective for the band estimation process (step S7).
- a packet group including a measurement packet having numbers from the first measurement packet to “loss start packet number-1” is an effective packet group.
- a packet group including a measurement packet having the number “loss start packet number-1” may be a valid packet group.
- the packet loss rate of the packet train that is, the packet loss rate of the entire measurement packet
- the packet loss rate of the packet group it is possible to identify the location where the measurement packet has started to be discarded.
- the reason will be described using an example in which the packet size increases in order.
- the loss rate for each packet group greatly changes before and after packet loss due to buffer overflow.
- the loss rate changes as follows. That is, the packet loss rate of the packet group before the packet loss due to the buffer overflow occurs is sufficiently smaller than the packet loss rate of the packet train. This is because the probability of accidental packet loss (for example, packet loss caused by physical interference during packet transfer) is sufficiently smaller than the packet loss rate of the entire packet train including packet loss due to buffer overflow. is there.
- the packet loss rate of the packet group becomes larger than the packet loss rate of the packet train. This is because a packet group before the buffer overflow occurs in the entire packet train is included.
- the reference value can be appropriately set according to the communication environment changing by setting the packet loss rate of the packet train as a reference for comparison, that is, dynamically setting the reference.
- the first embodiment there is an effect that it is possible to prevent the estimation accuracy from deteriorating even in an environment in which the network device causes packet loss due to buffer overflow. This is because in the packet train transmitted by the transmission apparatus 101, the measurement packet before the packet loss due to the buffer overflow starts to be generated in the network apparatus is extracted, and the estimation process is performed using the measurement packet.
- the case where the packet size of the measurement packet is sequentially increased has been described.
- the case of sequentially decreasing the packet size can be dealt with by changing the configuration as follows.
- the configuration of the transmission device and the reception device when the packet size is sequentially reduced is the same as the configuration of the transmission device 101 and the reception device 102 shown in FIG.
- the operation of the generation unit 110 is different.
- the parameter storage unit 113 stores the maximum packet size and the packet decrease size.
- the generation unit 110 generates a measurement packet having a packet size that decreases from the maximum packet size by a packet decrease size. This is different from the case of increasing the packet size sequentially.
- the packet train transmitted by the transmission apparatus 101 corresponds to a configuration in which the arrangement order of the measurement packets 151 in the transmission packet train 150 shown in FIG. 9A is reversed. That is, the packet size of the measurement packet whose packet number is 1 is the largest. Each time the packet number increases by one, the size of the measurement packet decreases by the packet decrease size. The packet size of the measurement packet with the packet number N is the smallest. A case where a packet train constituted by such measurement packets is used as a transmission packet train will be described.
- the reception interval of the measurement packet is larger than the transmission interval at the time of transmission of the measurement packet until a certain point in time, and after that, the reception interval is almost equal to the transmission interval. Will be equal.
- the calculation unit 122 calculates the available bandwidth based on the packet size and the transmission interval of the measurement packet at that time. That is, the calculation unit 122 calculates the available bandwidth based on the packet size and the transmission interval of the first measurement packet whose reception interval is substantially equal to the transmission interval.
- FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram illustrating a configuration of the extraction unit 201 according to the second embodiment.
- the configuration of the available bandwidth calculation system 100 shown in FIG. 1 is the same between the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
- the configuration of the extraction unit 201 is different between the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
- a valid packet extraction process determination function unit 701 is added to the extraction unit 201 in the first embodiment.
- the valid packet extraction process determination function unit 701 may be simply referred to as a determination function unit 701.
- the determination function unit 701 has a function of determining whether to call the generation function unit 211 by comparing a packet loss rate in the packet train with a predetermined threshold (for example, 10%). The determination function unit 701 performs the following processing when only packet loss due to buffer overflow does not occur and only accidental packet loss occurs. The determination function unit 701 determines whether or not a packet loss has occurred accidentally by comparing the packet loss rate in the packet train with a predetermined threshold value (for example, 10%). If the determination function unit 701 determines that a packet loss has occurred accidentally, the determination function unit 701 instructs the measurement unit 121 to use the packet train received by the transmission / reception unit 120 as it is to obtain the reception interval for estimating the available bandwidth. Put out. That is, when only an accidental packet loss occurs, the determination function unit 701 performs the usable bandwidth estimation process using the packet train received by the transmission / reception unit 120 as it is for the measurement unit 121 and the calculation unit 122. Let
- step S801 is added to the flowchart of the first embodiment shown in FIG.
- the determination function unit 701 calculates the packet loss rate of the packet train from the packet arrival information 2101 created by the confirmation function unit 210 in step S1, and then calculates the calculated packet loss rate and a prespecified threshold value. Compare This threshold indicates the probability that an accidental packet loss will occur, and is a value lower than the packet loss rate in the packet train in which a packet loss due to buffer overflow has occurred, such as 10%.
- step S801 when the “packet train packet loss rate” is smaller than the “threshold value”, it is estimated that a packet loss has occurred accidentally, so the determination function unit 701 ends the processing.
- step S801 when the “packet train packet loss rate” is equal to or greater than the “threshold value”, it is estimated that a packet loss due to buffer overflow is included. To start.
- the calculation unit 122 can calculate the available bandwidth as follows. . In other words, the calculation unit 122 can calculate the available bandwidth using the measurement packet that has been successfully received last among the plurality of measurement packets.
- the effect of the second embodiment is that in addition to the effect of the first embodiment, there is an effect of preventing deterioration of the estimation accuracy of the usable bandwidth even when only an accidental packet loss occurs. .
- the reason is as follows. That is, when the packet loss rate of the packet train is compared with the threshold and it can be determined that the packet loss has occurred accidentally, the processing by the generation function unit 211 is not performed. By not performing the processing by the generation function unit 211, the packet train is prevented from being divided into unintended packet groups. As a result, the measurement unit 121 can use the received packet train as it is.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic block diagram showing the basic configuration of the available bandwidth calculation system.
- the configuration shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 6 has been described as an embodiment of the available bandwidth calculation system.
- the basic configuration of the available bandwidth calculation system is as shown in FIG. That is, the basic configuration of the available bandwidth calculation system 10 includes a transmission device (transmission side device) 1 and a reception device (reception side device) 2.
- the basic configuration of the receiving device 2 includes a receiving unit 21, an effective packet extracting unit 22, and an available bandwidth calculating unit 23.
- the receiving unit 21 receives a plurality of measurement packets whose packet sizes sequentially increase or decrease.
- the valid packet extraction unit 22 extracts a valid packet group including consecutive measurement packets that have been successfully received from the plurality of received measurement packets.
- the available bandwidth calculation unit 23 calculates the available bandwidth using the extracted effective packet group.
- the basic configuration of the transmission device 1 is a configuration including a transmission unit 11 and a measurement packet generation unit 12.
- the measurement packet generation unit 12 generates a plurality of measurement packets whose packet size sequentially increases or decreases.
- the transmission unit 11 transmits the measurement packet generated by the measurement packet generation unit 12 to the reception unit 21.
- the transmission device 1 and the reception device 2 are connected via a network (not shown).
- the available bandwidth calculation system 10 identifies a part where the discard of the measurement packet has started, and uses the measurement packet that has arrived at the reception device 2 before the discard is started for the estimation process of the available bandwidth. it can. Therefore, it is possible to prevent deterioration in estimation accuracy even in an environment where measurement packets are discarded in the network device.
- the correspondence relationship between the configuration shown in FIG. 8 and the configuration shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 6 is as follows.
- the available bandwidth calculation system 10 in FIG. 8 corresponds to the available bandwidth calculation system 100 in FIG.
- the transmission apparatus 1 in FIG. 8 corresponds to the transmission apparatus 101 in FIG.
- the receiving apparatus 2 in FIG. 8 corresponds to the receiving apparatus 102 in FIG.
- the reception unit 21 in FIG. 8 corresponds to the transmission / reception unit 120 in FIG.
- the effective packet extraction unit (extraction unit) 22 in FIG. 8 corresponds to the effective packet extraction unit 201 in FIG.
- the available bandwidth calculator (calculator) 23 in FIG. 8 corresponds to the available bandwidth calculator 122 in FIG.
- the transmission unit 11 in FIG. 8 corresponds to the transmission / reception unit 112 in FIG.
- the measurement packet generator (generator) 12 in FIG. 8 corresponds to the measurement packet generator 110 in FIG.
- An example of the first measurement packet is the measurement packet scheduled to arrive fourth as described with reference to FIG.
- An example of the second measurement packet is the measurement packet scheduled to arrive fifth as described with reference to FIG.
- An example of the third measurement packet is the measurement packet scheduled to arrive at the ninth position described with reference to FIG.
- An example of the fourth measurement packet is the measurement packet scheduled to arrive at the tenth described with reference to FIG.
- An example of the fifth measurement packet is the measurement packet scheduled to arrive third as described with reference to FIG.
- An example of the sixth measurement packet is the measurement packet scheduled to arrive second as described with reference to FIG.
- An example of the seventh measurement packet is the measurement packet scheduled to arrive at the eighth position described with reference to FIG.
- An example of the calculation unit is a function for executing the process of step S4 shown in FIGS. 5 and 7 by the valid packet number detection function unit 213.
- An example of the first threshold is the “packet train loss rate” described with reference to FIG. 5 (steps S3 and S5).
- An example of the second threshold is the “threshold” described with reference to FIG. 7 (step S801).
- FIGS. 1, 2, and 6 can be appropriately integrated or divided.
- a program executed by a processor included in each component can be distributed in part or in whole via a computer-readable recording medium or a communication line.
- the following scenes are examples of scenes to which the embodiment of the present invention is applied. That is, the embodiment of the present invention can be incorporated into an application distributed to general users, and can be used as a solution that is utilized for area improvement by periodically analyzing quality information (available bandwidth).
- quality information available bandwidth
- a company provides a service, it can be used to isolate the deterioration factor of the service experience by acquiring communication quality information (available bandwidth) for the black box section of the network existing in the service. .
- the present invention may be applied to a communication device, an available bandwidth calculation system, an available bandwidth calculation method, and a program.
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Abstract
Description
図1は、第1の実施形態に係る利用可能帯域計算システム100の概略構成を示す構成図である。利用可能帯域計算システム100は、送信装置(送信側装置)101と受信装置(受信側装置)102とを備える。送信装置101と受信装置102とは、ネットワーク103を介して接続されている。
計測パケットのパケットサイズは増加していくので、受信間隔が送信間隔よりも大きくなる計測パケットの1つ前に送信された計測パケットは、受信間隔と送信間隔とがほぼ等しい計測パケットのうちで、パケットサイズが最大の計測パケットに相当する。計算部122は、受信間隔が送信間隔よりも大きくなる計測パケットの1つ前に送信された計測パケットのパケットサイズと送信間隔とに基づいて、下記の手順で利用可能帯域を計算する。
次いで、計算部122は、計測データ記憶部123から、パケット番号がj-1番の計測パケット161のパケットサイズと送信間隔Ts(パケット番号j-1の計測パケット161とパケット番号j-2の計測パケット161との送信間隔)とを取得する。その後、計算部122は、「利用可能帯域=(j-1番目の計測パケットのパケットサイズ)/送信間隔Ts」の計算式を用いて、利用可能帯域を計算する。計算部122は、計算した利用可能帯域を、計測データ記憶部123に記憶する。また、計算部122は、計算した利用可能帯域を、送受信部120を介して、送信装置101に送信する。送信装置101の送受信部112は、受信装置102が送信した利用可能帯域の測定結果を受信する。
ただし、生成部110の動作が異なる。パケットサイズを順次、減少させる場合、パラメータ記憶部113に、最大パケットサイズとパケット減少サイズとを記憶しておく。そして、生成部110は、最大パケットサイズから、パケット減少サイズずつ減少するパケットサイズの計測パケットを生成する。この点が、パケットサイズを順次、増加させる場合と異なる。
図6は、第2の実施形態に係る抽出部201の構成を示す構成図である。
図1に示した利用可能帯域計算システム100の構成は、第1の実施形態と第2の実施形態とで同一である。抽出部201の構成が、第1の実施形態と第2の実施形態とで異なる。図6に示すように、第2の実施の形態では、第1の実施の形態における抽出部201に対して、有効パケット抽出処理判定機能部701が追加されている。有効パケット抽出処理判定機能部701は、単に判定機能部701と称することもある。
図8は、利用可能帯域計算システムの基本構成を示す概略ブロック図である。上述した実施形態では、利用可能帯域計算システムの実施形態として図1、図2及び図6に示す構成について説明した。利用可能帯域計算システムの基本構成は、図8に示すとおりである。すなわち、利用可能帯域計算システム10の基本構成は、送信装置(送信側装置)1及び受信装置(受信側装置)2を備える構成である。
1、101 送信装置
2、102 受信装置
11 送信部
21 受信部
103 ネットワーク
12、110 計測パケット生成部(生成部)
111 計測パケット送信部(送信部)
112 送受信部
113 パラメータ記憶部
120 送受信部
121 受信間隔計測部(計測部)
23、122 利用可能帯域計算部(計算部)
123 計測データ記憶部
150 送信時パケットトレイン
160 受信時パケットトレイン
22、201 有効パケット抽出部(抽出部)
210 パケット有無確認機能部(確認機能部)
211 パケット群情報生成機能部(生成機能部)
212 パケット情報格納部(格納部)
213 有効パケット番号検出機能部(検出機能部)
701 有効パケット抽出処理判定機能部(判定機能部)
Claims (10)
- 連続する番号をそれぞれ有する受信予定の複数の計測パケットのうち、複数の計測パケットを受信する受信部と、
前記受信された複数の計測パケットうち連続する番号を有する複数の計測パケットを含む有効パケット群を抽出する抽出部と、
前記抽出した有効パケット群を用いて利用可能帯域を計算する計算部と
を備える通信装置。 - 前記受信予定の複数の計測パケットは、第1計測パケットと、前記第1計測パケットの番号よりも大きくかつ連続する番号を有する第2計測パケットと、前記第2計測パケットの番号よりも大きい番号を有する第3計測パケットと、前記第3計測パケットの番号よりも大きくかつ連続する番号を有する第4計測パケットとを含み、
前記受信された複数の計測パケットは、前記受信予定の複数の計測パケットのうち受信に成功した複数の計測パケットであり、
前記受信予定の複数の計測パケットのうち前記受信に成功した複数の計測パケット以外の複数の計測パケットが、受信に失敗した複数の計測パケットであり、
前記受信に成功した複数の計測パケットは、前記第2計測パケットおよび前記第4計測パケットを含み、
前記受信に失敗した複数の計測パケットは、前記第1計測パケットおよび前記第3計測パケットを含み、
前記抽出部は、前記第1計測パケットと前記第2計測パケットとの間を区切りと判定し、前記第3計測パケットと前記第4計測パケットとの間を区切りと判定し、
前記抽出部は、前記判定された区切りに基づいて、前記第1計測パケットを有する第1パケット群と前記第2計測パケットおよび前記第3計測パケットを有する第2パケット群とを生成し、
前記抽出部は、前記第2パケット群のパケット損失率を算出し、
前記抽出部は、前記算出された第2パケット群のパケット損失率が第1閾値以上である場合、前記有効パケット群として、前記第1の計測パケットの番号よりも小さい番号を有する複数の計測パケットを抽出する
請求項1に記載の通信装置。 - 前記抽出部は、前記第1パケット群のパケット損失率を算出し、
前記抽出部は、前記算出された第1パケット群のパケット損失率が前記第1閾値未満でありかつ前記算出された第2パケット群のパケット損失率が前記第1閾値以上である場合、前記有効パケット群として、前記第1の計測パケットの番号よりも小さい番号を有する複数の計測パケットを抽出する
請求項2に記載の通信装置。 - 前記抽出部は、前記算出された第1パケット群のパケット損失率が前記第1閾値未満でありかつ前記算出された第2パケット群のパケット損失率が前記第1閾値以上である場合、前記有効パケット群として、前記第1の計測パケットの番号よりも小さい番号を有する計測パケットのみを抽出する
請求項3に記載の通信装置。 - 前記第1パケット群は、第5計測パケットおよび第6計測パケットをさらに有し、
前記第2パケット群は、第7計測パケットをさらに有し、
前記第5計測パケットは、前記受信に成功した複数の計測パケットに含まれ、前記第1計測パケットの番号よりも小さい番号を有し、
前記第6計測パケットは、前記受信に成功した複数の計測パケットに含まれ、前記第5計測パケットの番号よりも小さくかつ連続する番号を有し、
第7計測パケットは、前記受信に成功した複数の計測パケット含まれ、前記第4測パケットの番号よりも小さくかつ連続する番号を有する
請求項2から4のいずれか一項に記載の通信装置。 - 前記計算部は、前記有効パケット群に含まれる複数の計測パケットのうち前記受信部によって最後に受信された計測パケットを用いて前記利用可能帯域を計算する
請求項1から請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の通信装置。 - 前記抽出部は、前記受信予定の複数の計測パケットのパケット損失率を算出し、
前記計算部は、前記受信予定の複数の計測パケットのパケット損失率が第2閾値未満である場合に、前記有効パケット群に含まれる複数の計測パケットのうち前記受信部によって最後に受信された計測パケットを用いて利用可能帯域を計算する
請求項1から請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の通信装置。 - 送信装置と受信装置とを備える利用可能帯域計算システムであって、
前記送信装置は、
連続する番号をそれぞれ有する複数の計測パケットを生成する生成部と、
前記生成された複数の計測パケットを送信する送信部とを備え、
前記受信装置は、
前記送信された複数の計測パケットのうち、複数の計測パケットを受信する受信部と、
前記受信された複数の計測パケットうち連続する番号を有する複数の計測パケットを含む有効パケット群を抽出する抽出部と、
前記抽出した有効パケット群を用いて利用可能帯域を計算する計算部とを備える
利用可能帯域計算システム。 - 連続する番号をそれぞれ有する受信予定の複数の計測パケットのうち、複数の計測パケットを受信し、
前記受信された複数の計測パケットうち連続する番号を有する複数の計測パケットを含む有効パケット群を抽出し、
前記抽出した有効パケット群を用いて利用可能帯域を計算する
ことを含む利用可能帯域計算方法。 - 連続する番号をそれぞれ有する受信予定の複数の計測パケットのうち、複数の計測パケットを受信し、
前記受信された複数の計測パケットうち連続する番号を有する複数の計測パケットを含む有効パケット群を抽出し、
前記抽出した有効パケット群を用いて利用可能帯域を計算する
ことをコンピュータに実行させるプログラム。
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