WO2016145895A1 - 一种终端充电装置和终端 - Google Patents

一种终端充电装置和终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016145895A1
WO2016145895A1 PCT/CN2015/094816 CN2015094816W WO2016145895A1 WO 2016145895 A1 WO2016145895 A1 WO 2016145895A1 CN 2015094816 W CN2015094816 W CN 2015094816W WO 2016145895 A1 WO2016145895 A1 WO 2016145895A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
piezoelectric
piezoelectric element
diode
piezoelectric cantilever
charging device
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PCT/CN2015/094816
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English (en)
French (fr)
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晁锋波
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2016145895A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016145895A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H02N2/00—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction
    • H02N2/18—Electric machines in general using piezoelectric effect, electrostriction or magnetostriction producing electrical output from mechanical input, e.g. generators

Definitions

  • This application relates to, but is not limited to, the field of electronic device technology.
  • This paper proposes a terminal charging device and terminal that can achieve portability and high security.
  • a terminal charging device comprising: a piezoelectric cantilever beam, a rectifying unit, and an energy storage component;
  • the piezoelectric cantilever beam includes a support beam, and a piezoelectric element disposed on a surface of the support beam;
  • the rectifying unit is configured to convert an alternating current generated by the piezoelectric cantilever into a direct current, and to store electrical energy in the energy storage element by the direct current.
  • the support beam is a sheet metal beam
  • the piezoelectric element comprises a first piezoelectric element and a second piezoelectric element
  • the first piezoelectric element and the second piezoelectric element are respectively disposed on an upper surface and a lower surface of the metal beam.
  • the number of the piezoelectric cantilever beams is plural, and each of the piezoelectric cantilever beams has different vibration directions.
  • the number of the piezoelectric cantilever beams is four, which are a first piezoelectric cantilever beam, a second piezoelectric cantilever beam, a third piezoelectric cantilever beam, and a fourth piezoelectric cantilever beam;
  • the first piezoelectric cantilever beam and the third piezoelectric cantilever beam are disposed parallel to the base, and the second piezoelectric cantilever beam and the fourth piezoelectric cantilever beam are disposed perpendicular to the base.
  • the device further includes: a limiting area and a first metal bead disposed in the restricted area and capable of freely moving,
  • One end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam is fixedly disposed with a second magnetic member, and the second magnetic member and the first metal bead are disposed to have a magnetic force between each other to pass between the second magnetic member and the first metal bead
  • the magnetic force causes the second magnetic member to also move when the first metal bead moves, and causes the piezoelectric cantilever to vibrate.
  • the piezoelectric cantilever further includes a first fixed block and a second fixed block, one end of the piezoelectric cantilever is fixed between the first fixed block and the second fixed block, and the first fixed block and the first fixed block.
  • the two fixing blocks are respectively provided with grooves corresponding in shape, and the corresponding grooves of the shapes are combined to form the second magnetic member.
  • the rectifying unit includes a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, and a fourth diode; wherein
  • a cathode of the first diode and a cathode of the second diode are connected;
  • the anode of the first diode is connected to the first piezoelectric element, and the anode of the second diode is connected to the second piezoelectric element;
  • the anode of the third diode is connected to the anode of the fourth diode
  • a cathode of the third diode is connected to the first piezoelectric element, and a cathode of the fourth diode is connected to the second piezoelectric element;
  • a cathode of the first diode is coupled to a first end of the energy storage component, and a cathode of the third diode is coupled to a second end of the energy storage component.
  • the piezoelectric element is polarized in a thickness direction
  • the polarization directions of the first piezoelectric element and the second piezoelectric element are set to be the same to connect the first piezoelectric element and the second piezoelectric element in parallel; or
  • the polarization directions of the first piezoelectric element and the second piezoelectric element are set to be opposite such that the first piezoelectric element and the second piezoelectric element constitute a series connection.
  • the energy storage component is a storage capacitor.
  • the first piezoelectric element and the second piezoelectric element are respectively adhered to the upper surface and the lower surface of the metal beam by conductive bonding.
  • a terminal comprising any of the above-described terminal charging devices.
  • the technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes: the device includes: a piezoelectric cantilever beam, a rectifying unit, and an energy storage component; the piezoelectric cantilever beam includes a support beam, and is disposed on the support A piezoelectric element on the surface of the beam; the rectifying unit is configured to convert an alternating current generated by the piezoelectric cantilever into a direct current, and to store electrical energy in the energy storage element by the direct current.
  • the piezoelectric cantilever beam converts the mechanical energy of the vibration existing anywhere in the environment into electrical energy by means of piezoelectric transformation, and stores it in the energy storage component, thereby providing power to the terminal, especially conveniently.
  • the terminal charging device provided by the embodiment of the invention is convenient to use, is not limited by the environment, has high energy conversion efficiency, and the piezoelectric material used in the terminal charging device is safe and non-toxic. It will not cause harm to the environment and the human body.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a terminal charging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another terminal charging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 3A is a schematic view of the cover 24 in the terminal charging device
  • 3B is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the cover 24 and the square outer casing 21 in the terminal charging device;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a piezoelectric cantilever beam 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second magnetic member 27 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a circuit of a rectifying unit 40 corresponding to a piezoelectric cantilever beam 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a rectifying unit 40 corresponding to four piezoelectric cantilever beams 10;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a typical application of a terminal charging apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a block diagram of a terminal charging apparatus, including: a piezoelectric cantilever beam 10, a rectifying unit 40, and an energy storage component 50; the piezoelectric cantilever beam includes a supporting beam, and A piezoelectric element disposed on a surface of the support beam; the piezoelectric cantilever 10 is configured to generate a current in a vibrating environment.
  • the rectifying unit 40 is arranged to convert an alternating current generated by the piezoelectric cantilever 10 into a direct current, and to store electrical energy in the energy storage element 50 by the direct current.
  • the piezoelectric cantilever beam converts the mechanical energy of the vibration existing in the environment into electrical energy by means of piezoelectric transformation, and stores it in the energy storage component, thereby providing power to the terminal, especially for low work.
  • the terminal charging device provided by the embodiment of the invention is convenient to use, is not restricted by the environment, has high energy conversion efficiency, and the piezoelectric material used in the terminal charging device is safe and non-toxic, and does not affect the environment. And the human body causes harm.
  • the vibrations in the above environment include vibrations that are irregular and have no fixed frequency. Since the vibration may occur in multiple directions, the current generated by the piezoelectric cantilever 10 changes to an alternating current.
  • the support beam is a sheet metal beam
  • the piezoelectric element comprises a first piezoelectric element and a second piezoelectric element; the first piezoelectric element and the second piezoelectric element are respectively disposed in the The upper and lower surfaces of the metal beam.
  • the sheet metal beam has good toughness and fatigue resistance, and can improve the performance and service life of the piezoelectric conversion device.
  • the number of the piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 is plural, and each of the piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 has different vibration directions.
  • the terminal charging apparatus further includes a casing 21 having a square shape and a piezoelectric cantilever.
  • the beams 10 are each disposed on a square outer casing 21.
  • the number of the piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 is four, which are a first piezoelectric cantilever beam 11, a second piezoelectric cantilever beam 12, a third piezoelectric cantilever beam 13, and a fourth piezoelectric cantilever beam 14, respectively.
  • the square outer casing 21 has a square outer wall and a circular inner wall, and four piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 are symmetrically disposed on the inner wall of the square outer casing 21.
  • One end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam 10 is a floating end, one end is a fixed end, and the fixed end is fixedly connected to the floating end, so that the piezoelectric cantilever 10 vibrates correspondingly when the environment vibrates, and the inner wall of the square outer casing 21 is provided with a groove.
  • the fixed end of the piezoelectric cantilever 10 is fixed to the inner wall of the square outer casing 21 by a groove.
  • the fixed end of the piezoelectric cantilever 10 can be fixed to the base by rivets or screws.
  • first piezoelectric cantilever beam 11 and the third piezoelectric cantilever beam 13 are disposed parallel to the base, and the second piezoelectric cantilever beam 12 and the fourth piezoelectric cantilever beam 14 are disposed perpendicular to the base.
  • the above four piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 are respectively fixed on the inner wall of the square outer casing 21, and the piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 are opposed to each other.
  • 3A is a schematic illustration of a cover 24 in a terminal charging device in which a square cover 24 can be secured to a square housing 21 to enclose other components in the terminal charging device in the square housing 21.
  • the outer casing 21 can have other shapes and, correspondingly, the cover 24 can be other shapes as well.
  • FIG. 3B is a schematic view showing the cooperation of the cover 24 and the square casing 21 in the terminal charging device.
  • the four corners of the cover 24 are provided with a cylindrical protruding portion 241
  • the four corners of the square outer casing 21 are correspondingly provided with a cylindrical groove portion 211
  • the diameter of the protruding portion 241 is greater than or equal to the groove portion 211, by tapping the protruding portion 241 into In the groove portion 211, the cover 24 and the square outer casing 21 can be fixed.
  • the cover 24 can also be secured to the square outer casing 21 by other means.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a piezoelectric cantilever beam 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the piezoelectric cantilever beam 10 is configured to generate a current in a vibration environment; wherein the piezoelectric cantilever beam 10 includes a sheet metal beam 16 And first and second piezoelectric elements 17 and 18 respectively disposed on the upper and lower surfaces of the metal beam 16.
  • the first piezoelectric element 17 and the second piezoelectric element 18 are respectively adhered to the upper surface and the lower surface of the metal beam 16 by conductive bonding.
  • the fixed end and the floating end of the piezoelectric cantilever 10 are respectively provided with a groove, and the groove of the floating end is used to avoid gold.
  • the girders 16 block the placement of the second magnetic member 27, and the recess at the fixed end serves for the connection between the fixed end and the square outer casing 21.
  • the first piezoelectric element 17 and the second piezoelectric element 18 are both polarized in the thickness direction.
  • the thickness direction is a direction perpendicular to the sheet surface of the piezoelectric cantilever 10, as shown by Z1 in the drawing.
  • the polarization directions of the first piezoelectric element 17 and the second piezoelectric element 18 are set to be the same such that the first piezoelectric element 17 and the second piezoelectric element 18 are connected in parallel; or, the first piezoelectric element 17 and The polarization directions of the second piezoelectric element 18 are set to be opposite such that the first piezoelectric element 17 and the second piezoelectric element 18 constitute a series connection.
  • the metal beam 16 When the metal beam 16 vibrates, the metal beam 16 is mechanically deformed by vibration, and the first piezoelectric element 17 and the second piezoelectric element 18 attached to the metal beam 16 are also mechanically deformed due to the first piezoelectric element. Both the 17 and the second piezoelectric element 18 are polarized in the thickness direction, so mechanical deformation causes a voltage difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the first piezoelectric element 17 and the second piezoelectric element 18, and this voltage difference causes the first piezoelectric element to be connected Current is generated in the loop of 17 and the second piezoelectric element 18, for example, a current is generated in a loop composed of a rectifier diode and an energy storage element, thereby storing electrical energy in the form of a charge in the energy storage element.
  • the rectifying unit 40 can convert the current of the polarity change into a direct current in a fixed direction, thereby storing the electric energy in the energy storage element 50 having the same polarity. in.
  • a magnetic component is also provided, and the vibration in the environment can also be converted into the vibration of the piezoelectric cantilever 10 by the magnetic component, and the magnetic component includes the metal bead 26 disposed on the base 22 and the piezoelectric cantilever disposed on the base A second magnetic member 27 is fixedly disposed at one end of the beam 10, which will be described in detail below with reference to FIG.
  • the device further includes: a limiting area 25 and a first metal bead 26 disposed in the limiting area and capable of freely moving, and a second magnetic member 27 is fixedly disposed at one end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam 10,
  • the second magnetic member 27 and the first metal beads 26 are disposed to have a magnetic force between each other to pass the magnetic force between the second magnetic member 27 and the first metal beads 26, so that when the first metal beads 26 move
  • the second magnetic member 27 also moves and drives the piezoelectric cantilever 10 to vibrate.
  • the first metal bead 26 may be an iron bead
  • the second magnetic component 27 may be a magnet block
  • the first metal bead 26 may be another metal bead that can interact with the second magnetic member 27 to generate a magnetic force.
  • the restriction area 25 is a cylindrical cavity fixed in the middle of the base 22 of the square outer casing 21, optionally
  • the first metal bead 26 can be a cylindrical cavity, the first metal bead 26 is placed in a cylindrical groove and can be freely rolled, and the square cover 24 is fixed to the square outer casing 21 by rivets, and the first metal bead 26 is also fixed.
  • the cylindrical cavity and the base are integrated, and the first metal bead 26 is placed and closed with a square cover 24 (upper cover).
  • the cylindrical cavity enables the movement of the iron balls to be smoother.
  • the fixed block at the end of the piezoelectric cantilever 10 senses vibration in the external environment and drives the piezoelectric cantilever beam. Vibration, piezoelectric cantilever beam output voltage under vibration excitation. Each set of piezoelectric cantilever beams generates nonlinear vibration under magnetic coupling, which improves the working bandwidth and output power of the piezoelectric generator.
  • the vibration is from the Z direction, the first piezoelectric cantilever and the third piezoelectric cantilever are vibrated to generate electricity as shown in FIG.
  • the vibration when the vibration is from the Y direction, the second piezoelectric cantilever and the fourth piezoelectric cantilever are shown Beam vibration power generation; when the vibration comes from the X direction, the piezoelectric cantilever beam does not vibrate theoretically, but the free rolling spherical iron ball can drive the second piezoelectric cantilever beam and the fourth piezoelectric cantilever beam to generate electricity when rolling;
  • the vibrations in the environment can be decomposed into three axes of X, Y, and Z. From the above, it can be seen that the vibration mechanical energy can be converted into electrical energy output regardless of the direction from which the vibration comes from.
  • the spherical iron ball can also sense vibration and roll, and exerts a force on the permanent magnet in the fixed block of the piezoelectric cantilever beam by the action of the magnetic force, and drives the piezoelectric cantilever beam to generate electric energy.
  • the fixing block needs to have a certain mass to be able to drive the piezoelectric cantilever beam. Further, it is necessary to fix the second magnetic member to the piezoelectric cantilever beam 10 by the fixing block.
  • the fixed block includes a first fixed block 28 and a second fixed block 29.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second magnetic member 27 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the second magnetic member 27 is a cylindrical permanent magnet.
  • FIG. 6 it is a schematic structural view of a fixed block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the piezoelectric cantilever 10 further includes a first fixing block 28 and a second fixing block 29, one end of the piezoelectric cantilever 10 is fixed between the first fixing block 28 and the second fixing block 29, and the first fixing block 28
  • the second fixing block 29 is respectively provided with a corresponding shape of the groove 281 and the groove 291, and the groove 281 and the groove 291 corresponding to the shape are combined to form the second magnetic member 27, wherein
  • the depth of the groove 281 and the groove 291 is smaller than the depth of the fixed block, which is the direction parallel to the axial direction of the cylindrical cavity composed of the grooves.
  • the energy storage component 50 is a storage capacitor.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a corresponding one of a plurality of piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the rectifying unit includes a first diode D1 and a second diode D2. a third diode D3 and a fourth diode D4; wherein
  • the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2;
  • the anode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first piezoelectric element 17, the anode of the second diode D2 is connected to the second piezoelectric element 18;
  • the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the anode of the fourth diode D4;
  • the cathode of the third diode D3 is connected to the first piezoelectric element 17
  • the cathode of the fourth diode D4 is connected to the second piezoelectric element 18;
  • the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the first end of the energy storage element 50, and the anode of the third diode D3 is connected to the second end of the energy storage element 50.
  • FIG. 8 a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the rectifying unit 40 when the number of the piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 is four, and the rectifying unit 40 includes four sets of rectifying units as shown in FIG.
  • the current generated between the first piezoelectric element 17 and the second piezoelectric element 18 in each of the piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 is output to the energy storage element 50 through the corresponding rectifying unit. It can be seen that each of the piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 is in a parallel relationship.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a terminal, where the terminal includes any terminal charging device provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal charging device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be set to various sizes: first, placed in a car or a backpack when the size is large, and the collected electric energy is used for the vehicle low-power device. Or stored in a spare battery for use by other portable low-power electronic devices; second, the medium size can be used as a decorative accessory to carry the power directly to the portable low-power electronic device that is carried around; Third, the small size can be integrated inside the portable electronic device or MEMS integrated inside the IC, so that the collected electric energy can be replenished to the low-power electronic device or directly to the IC device.
  • the pedometer 200 is a sensor for counting the number of steps when walking or running. The mechanical energy of vibration in such a scene is usually ignored.
  • the terminal charging device 100 of the embodiment of the present invention collects mechanical energy of vibration,
  • the pedometer 200 is powered and the pedometer communicates with the processor 300 in an operational state. This distributed uninterruptible power supply mode avoids the sensor's consumption of battery power.
  • the number of terminal charging devices is increased by lamination replication, and the ability to collect vibration energy is enhanced.
  • the size of the restriction zone 25 can be set, for example, the diameter of the cylindrical restriction zone 25 is set, so that the vibration energy collection performance is optimized, and the most suitable diameter size can be selected by experimental testing. Further, the restriction area 25 can also be set to other shapes.
  • the piezoelectric cantilever beam converts the mechanical energy of vibration existing in the environment into electrical energy by means of piezoelectric transformation, and stores it in the energy storage component, thereby providing power to the terminal, especially capable of being conveniently low.
  • the terminal of the power consumption portable electronic product provides power
  • the terminal charging device provided by the embodiment of the invention is convenient to use, is not limited by the environment, has high energy conversion efficiency, and the piezoelectric material used in the terminal charging device is safe and non-toxic, and will not Harm to the environment and the human body.

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  • General Electrical Machinery Utilizing Piezoelectricity, Electrostriction Or Magnetostriction (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本文公布一种终端充电装置和终端，包括：压电悬臂梁、整流单元、以及储能元件；所述压电悬臂梁包括支撑梁，以及设置在所述支撑梁表面的压电元件；整流单元设置为将压电悬臂梁产生的交流电流转换为直流电流，并通过所述直流电流将电能存储在所述储能元件中。

Description

一种终端充电装置和终端 技术领域
本申请涉及但不限于电子设备技术领域。
背景技术
在便携式终端设备中，续航供电问题一直是影响用户体验的痛点。频繁充电给用户带来众多不便，目前行之有效的解决方案太少。
相关技术的充电方案有固定充电器充电，无线充电，移动充电宝充电。其中，固定充电器是目前的主流，是目前终端产品的标配，但是，固定充电器需要连接电源插座，不能随处进行充电；无线充电方案目前还处在实验阶段，其充电效率、稳定性和易用性等还达不到市场化的要求。移动充电宝虽然能解决随身充电的问题，但随身携带大容量电池所带来的安全隐患仍然倍受用户重视。
发明内容
以下是对本文详细描述的主题的概述。本概述并非是为了限制权利要求的保护范围。
本文提出了一种终端充电装置和终端，能够实现便携性并具有较高的安全性。
一种终端充电装置，所述装置包括：压电悬臂梁、整流单元、以及储能元件；
所述压电悬臂梁包括支撑梁，以及设置在所述支撑梁表面的压电元件；
整流单元设置为将压电悬臂梁产生的交流电流转换为直流电流，并通过所述直流电流将电能存储在所述储能元件中。
可选地，所述支撑梁为片状金属梁，所述压电元件包括第一压电元件和第二压电元件；
所述第一压电元件和第二压电元件分别设置在所述金属梁的上表面和下表面。
可选地，所述压电悬臂梁的数目为多个，每个压电悬臂梁具有不同的振动方向。
可选地，所述压电悬臂梁的数目为4个，分别为第一压电悬臂梁、第二压电悬臂梁、第三压电悬臂梁、和第四压电悬臂梁；其中，
第一压电悬臂梁和第三压电悬臂梁设置为平行于底座，第二压电悬臂梁和第四压电悬臂梁设置为垂直于底座。
可选地，所述装置还包括：限制区以及设置在限制区内、能够自由移动的第一金属珠，
所述压电悬臂梁的一端固定设置有第二磁性件，所述第二磁性件与所述第一金属珠设置为相互间存在磁力，以通过第二磁性件与第一金属珠之间的磁力，使得在第一金属珠发生移动时，第二磁性件也发生移动，并带动所述压电悬臂梁发生振动。
可选地，所述压电悬臂梁还包括第一固定块和第二固定块，压电悬臂梁的一端固定在第一固定块和第二固定块之间，并且，第一固定块和第二固定块上分别设置有形状对应的凹槽，所述形状对应的凹槽组合成的凹部用于放置所述第二磁性件。
可选地，所述整流单元包括第一二极管、第二二极管、第三二极管、和第四二极管；其中，
所述第一二极管的负极和第二二极管的负极相连；
所述第一二极管的正极连接至第一压电元件，所述第二二极管的正极连接至第二压电元件；
所述第三二极管的正极和第四二极管的正极相连；
所述第三二极管的负极连接至第一压电元件，所述第四二极管的负极连接至第二压电元件；
所述第一二极管的负极连接至储能元件的第一端，所述第三二极管的正极连接至储能元件的第二端。
可选地，所述压电元件沿厚度方向极化，
所述第一压电元件和第二压电元件的极化方向设置为相同，以使所述第一压电元件和第二压电元件并联连接；或，
所述第一压电元件和第二压电元件的极化方向设置为相反，以使所述第一压电元件和第二压电元件构成串联连接。
可选地，所述储能元件为储能电容。
可选地，第一压电元件和第二压电元件分别通过导电胶粘于所述金属梁的上表面和下表面。
一种终端，所述终端包括上述任一项终端充电装置。
与相关技术相比，本发明实施例提供的技术方案包括：所述装置包括：压电悬臂梁、整流单元、以及储能元件；所述压电悬臂梁包括支撑梁，以及设置在所述支撑梁表面的压电元件；整流单元设置为将压电悬臂梁产生的交流电流转换为直流电流，并通过所述直流电流将电能存储在所述储能元件中。通过本发明实施例的方案，压电悬臂梁利用压电转换的方式将环境中随处存在的振动的机械能转化成电能，并存储在储能元件中，从而给终端提供电能，尤其是能够方便地给低功耗便携式电子产品之类的终端提供电能，本发明实施例提供的终端充电装置使用方便，不受环境的限制，能量转换效率高，终端充电装置中采用的压电材料安全无毒，不会对环境和人体造成危害。
在阅读并理解了附图和详细描述后，可以明白其他方面。
附图概述
图1为本发明实施例提出了一种终端充电装置的框图；
图2为本发明实施例提出的另一种终端充电装置的结构示意图；
图3A为终端充电装置中盖子24的示意图；
图3B为终端充电装置中盖子24和方形外壳21的配合示意图；
图4为本发明实施例提出的压电悬臂梁10的结构示意图；
图5为本发明实施例提出的第二磁性件27的结构示意图；
图6为本发明实施例提出的固定块的结构示意图；
图7为本发明实施例提出的一个压电悬臂梁10对应的整流单元40的电路结构示意图；
图8为4个压电悬臂梁10对应的整流单元40的电路结构示意图；
图9为本发明实施例提供的终端充电装置的典型应用示意图。
本发明的实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的实施方式进行描述。需要说明的是，在不冲突的情况下，本申请中的实施例及实施例中的各种方式可以相互组合。
参见图1，本发明实施例提出了一种终端充电装置的框图，所述装置包括：压电悬臂梁10、整流单元40、以及储能元件50；所述压电悬臂梁包括支撑梁，以及设置在所述支撑梁表面的压电元件；所述压电悬臂梁10设置为在振动环境下产生电流。整流单元40设置为将压电悬臂梁10产生的交流电流转换为直流电流，并通过所述直流电流将电能存储在所述储能元件50中。
通过本发明实施例的方案，压电悬臂梁利用压电转换的方式将环境中随处存在的振动的机械能转化成电能，并存储在储能元件中，从而给终端提供电能，尤其是给低功耗便携式电子产品之类的终端使用，本发明实施例提供的终端充电装置使用方便，不受环境的限制，能量转换效率高，终端充电装置中采用的压电材料安全无毒，不会对环境和人体造成危害。上述环境中的振动包括没有规律、也没有固定频率的振动。由于振动可能发生在多个方向，因此，压电悬臂梁10产生的电流会发生变化，为交流电流。
可选地，所述支撑梁为片状金属梁，所述压电元件包括第一压电元件和第二压电元件；所述第一压电元件和第二压电元件分别设置在所述金属梁的上表面和下表面。片状金属梁具有较好的韧性和抗疲劳性，能够提高压电转换器件的性能和使用寿命。
本发明实施例中，所述压电悬臂梁10的数目为多个，每个压电悬臂梁 10具有不同的振动方向。
参见图2，为本发明实施例提出的另一种终端充电装置的结构示意图，在图1所示的终端充电装置的基础上，终端充电装置还包括外壳21，外壳21为方形，压电悬臂梁10均设置在方形外壳21上。所述压电悬臂梁10的数目为4个，分别为第一压电悬臂梁11、第二压电悬臂梁12、第三压电悬臂梁13、和第四压电悬臂梁14。方形外壳21具有方形的外壁和圆形的内壁，4个压电悬臂梁10对称地设置在方形外壳21的内壁上。压电悬臂梁10的一端为悬空端，一端为固定端，悬空端固定连接有固定块，使得压电悬臂梁10在环境振动时相应的发生振动，方形外壳21的内壁上设置有凹槽，压电悬臂梁10的固定端通过凹槽固定在方形外壳21的内壁上。可以通过铆钉或螺丝将压电悬臂梁10的固定端固定在底座上。
其中，可选地，第一压电悬臂梁11和第三压电悬臂梁13设置为平行于底座，第二压电悬臂梁12和第四压电悬臂梁14设置为垂直于底座。上述四个压电悬臂梁10分别固定在方形外壳21的内壁上，压电悬臂梁10两两相对。
图3A为终端充电装置中盖子24的示意图，其中，方形盖子24能够固定在方形外壳21上，将终端充电装置中的其他部件封闭在方形外壳21中。可以理解，外壳21可以是其他形状，相应的，盖子24也可以是其他形状。
图3B为终端充电装置中盖子24和方形外壳21的配合示意图。其中，盖子24的四角设置有柱形的突出部241，方形外壳21的四角对应的设置有柱形槽部211，突出部241的直径大于或等于槽部211，通过将突出部241敲击进入槽部211中，可以固定盖子24和方形外壳21。可以理解，盖子24也可以通过其他方式固定在方形外壳21上。
参见图4，为本发明实施例提出的压电悬臂梁10的结构示意图，所述压电悬臂梁10设置为振动环境下产生电流；其中，所述压电悬臂梁10包括片状金属梁16，以及分别设置在所述金属梁16的上表面和下表面的第一压电元件17和第二压电元件18。其中，第一压电元件17和第二压电元件18分别通过导电胶粘于所述金属梁16的上表面和下表面。如图4所示，可选地，压电悬臂梁10的固定端和悬空端分别设置有凹槽，悬空端的凹槽用于避免金 属梁16挡住了第二磁性件27的放置位置，固定端的凹槽用于固定端与方形外壳21之间的连接。
其中，第一压电元件17和第二压电元件18均沿厚度方向极化。其中，厚度方向为垂直于压电悬臂梁10的薄片表面的方向，如图中Z1所示的方向。第一压电元件17和第二压电元件18的极化方向设置为相同，以使所述第一压电元件17和第二压电元件18并联连接；或，第一压电元件17和第二压电元件18的极化方向设置为相反，以使第一压电元件17和第二压电元件18构成串联连接。
当金属梁16发生振动时，金属梁16因振动而产生机械形变，贴在金属梁16上的第一压电元件17和第二压电元件18也会产生机械变形，由于第一压电元件17和第二压电元件18均沿厚度方向极化，因此机械形变会使得第一压电元件17和第二压电元件18的上下表面产生电压差，这个电压差使得连接第一压电元件17和第二压电元件18的回路中有电流产生，例如，通过整流二极管和储能元件组成的回路中有电流产生，从而将电能以电荷的形式存储在储能元件中。当机械形变的方向不同时，电压差的极性也不同，整流单元40能将这种极性变化的电流转换成固定方向的直流电流，从而将电能存储在极性不变的储能元件50中。
本发明实施例中，还设置有磁力组件，通过磁力组件也可以将环境中的振动转换为压电悬臂梁10的振动，磁力组件包括设置在底座22上的金属珠26和设置在压电悬臂梁10的一端固定设置有第二磁性件27，下面结合图2进行详细说明。
如图2所示，所述装置还包括：限制区25以及设置在限制区内、能够自由移动的第一金属珠26，所述压电悬臂梁10的一端固定设置有第二磁性件27，所述第二磁性件27与所述第一金属珠26设置为相互间存在磁力，以通过第二磁性件27与第一金属珠26之间的磁力，使得在第一金属珠26发生移动时，第二磁性件27也发生移动，并带动所述压电悬臂梁10发生振动。
其中，第一金属珠26可以是铁珠，第二磁性件27为磁铁块，第一金属珠26也可以是其他与第二磁性件27相配合能够发生磁力作用的金属珠。
其中，限制区25为固定在方形外壳21的底座22中间的柱形空腔，可选 地，可以是圆柱形的空腔，第一金属珠26放置在圆柱形的凹槽中并可以自由滚动，方形盖子24通过铆钉固定在方形外壳21上的同时，也将第一金属珠26固定在圆柱形的凹槽中。柱形空腔和底座是一体化的，第一金属珠26放入后用方形盖子24(上盖子)封闭起来。圆柱形的空腔能够使得铁珠的运动更加顺畅。
当本发明实施例提出的终端充电装置在一定的振动条件下(如正常行走、跑步、甩动等)，压电悬臂梁10端部的固定块感知外界环境中的振动，带动压电悬臂梁振动，压电悬臂梁在振动激励下输出电压。每一组压电悬臂梁在磁耦合作用下产生非线性振动，提高了压电发电机的工作带宽和输出功率。当振动来自Z方向时，如图2所示的第一压电悬臂梁和第三压电悬臂梁振动发电；当振动来自Y方向时，所示第二压电悬臂梁和第四压电悬臂梁振动发电；当振动来自X方向时，理论上压电悬臂梁不振动，但自由滚动的球状铁珠在滚动的时候能带动第二压电悬臂梁和第四压电悬臂梁振动发电；周围环境中的振动都可以分解到X、Y、Z三个轴上，由上述可见无论振动来自哪个方向,本发明实施例都能够将振动机械能转化成电能输出。当外界环境中的振动微弱时，球形铁珠也能够感应振动而滚动，利用磁力作用而对压电悬臂梁末端固定块中的永磁铁产生作用力，带动压电悬臂梁振动从而产生电能。
下面对上述固定块进行详细说明，固定块需要具备一定的质量，从而能够带动压电悬臂梁，此外，需要通过固定块来将第二磁性件固定在压电悬臂梁10上。固定块包括第一固定块28和第二固定块29。
参见图5，为本发明实施例提出的第二磁性件27的结构示意图，第二磁性件27为圆柱形的永磁铁，参见图6，为本发明实施例提出的固定块的结构示意图，所述压电悬臂梁10还包括第一固定块28和第二固定块29，压电悬臂梁10的一端固定在第一固定块28和第二固定块29之间，并且，第一固定块28和第二固定块29上分别设置有形状对应的凹槽281和凹槽291，所述形状对应的凹槽281和凹槽291组合成的凹部用于放置所述第二磁性件27，其中，凹槽281和凹槽291的深度小于固定块的深度，该深度方向指平行于凹槽组成的柱形空腔的轴向的方向。
本发明实施例中，所述储能元件50为储能电容。
参见图7，为本发明实施例提出的多个压电悬臂梁10中的任意一个对应的整流单元40的电路结构示意图，所述整流单元包括第一二极管D1、第二二极管D2、第三二极管D3、和第四二极管D4；其中，
所述第一二极管D1的负极和第二二极管D2的负极相连；
所述第一二极管D1的正极连接至第一压电元件17，所述第二二极管D2的正极连接至第二压电元件18；
所述第三二极管D3的正极和第四二极管D4的正极相连；
所述第三二极管D3的负极连接至第一压电元件17，所述第四二极管D4的负极连接至第二压电元件18；
所述第一二极管D1的负极连接至储能元件50的第一端，所述第三二极管D3的正极连接至储能元件50的第二端。
参见图8，为所述压电悬臂梁10的数目为4个时，整流单元40的电路结构示意图，整流单元40包括4组如图7所示的整流单元。每个压电悬臂梁10中第一压电元件17和第二压电元件18之间产生的电流均通过对应的整流单元输出至储能元件50。可以看出，每个压电悬臂梁10为并联关系。
本发明实施例还提供一种终端，所述终端包括本发明实施例提供的任一种终端充电装置。
从可实施性角度来看，本发明实施例提供的终端充电装置可以设置为多种尺寸：第一，大尺寸时放置于车上或者背包中，将收集到的电能供车载低功耗设备使用或者存储到备用电池中，供其它便携式低功耗电子设备使用；第二，中型尺寸可以当装饰配件随身带在身上，直接将收集到的电能补充给随身携带的便携式低功耗电子设备；第三，小尺寸时可以集成在便携式电子设备内部或者MEMS化集成在IC内部，使得将收集到的电能随时补充给低功耗电子设备或者直接给IC器件供给电能。
参见图9，为本发明实施例提供的终端充电装置的典型应用，计步器200是步行或跑步时用来统计步数的传感器，这种场景下振动的机械能通常被人们忽略。采用本发明实施例的终端充电装置100将振动的机械能收集， 并给计步器200供电，计步器在工作状态下与处理器300通讯。这种分布式不间断供电方式避免了传感器对电池电能的消耗。
需要说明的是，在本发明实施例所示终端充电装置的结构的基础上，通过叠层复制，增加终端充电装置的数目，收集振动能的能力会增强。
需要说明的是，在本发明实施例所示终端充电装置的结构的基础上，改变球形铁珠体积或运动轨道的尺寸，会改变振动能量收集性能。本发明实施例中，可以对限制区25的尺寸进行设置，例如圆柱形限制区25的直径进行设置，对使得振动能量收集性能最佳，可以通过实验测试的方式选取最合适的直径大小。此外，限制区25也可以设置为其他形状。
工业实用性
通过本发明实施例，压电悬臂梁利用压电转换的方式将环境中随处存在的振动的机械能转化成电能，并存储在储能元件中，从而给终端提供电能，尤其是能够方便地给低功耗便携式电子产品之类的终端提供电能，本发明实施例提供的终端充电装置使用方便，不受环境的限制，能量转换效率高，终端充电装置中采用的压电材料安全无毒，不会对环境和人体造成危害。

Claims (11)

  1. 一种终端充电装置，所述装置包括：压电悬臂梁、整流单元、以及储能元件；
    所述压电悬臂梁包括支撑梁，以及设置在所述支撑梁表面的压电元件；
    整流单元设置为将压电悬臂梁产生的交流电流转换为直流电流，并通过所述直流电流将电能存储在所述储能元件中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的终端充电装置，其中，所述支撑梁为片状金属梁，所述压电元件包括第一压电元件和第二压电元件；
    所述第一压电元件和第二压电元件分别设置在所述金属梁的上表面和下表面。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的终端充电装置，其中，所述压电悬臂梁的数目为多个，每个压电悬臂梁具有不同的振动方向。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的终端充电装置，其中，所述压电悬臂梁的数目为4个，分别为第一压电悬臂梁、第二压电悬臂梁、第三压电悬臂梁、和第四压电悬臂梁；其中，
    第一压电悬臂梁和第三压电悬臂梁设置为平行于底座，第二压电悬臂梁和第四压电悬臂梁设置为垂直于底座。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的终端充电装置，所述装置还包括：限制区以及设置在限制区内、能够自由移动的第一金属珠，
    所述压电悬臂梁的一端固定设置有第二磁性件，所述第二磁性件与所述第一金属珠设置为相互间存在磁力，以通过第二磁性件与第一金属珠之间的磁力，使得在第一金属珠发生移动时，第二磁性件也发生移动，并带动所述压电悬臂梁发生振动。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的终端充电装置，其中，所述压电悬臂梁还包括第一固定块和第二固定块，压电悬臂梁的一端固定在第一固定块和第二固定块之间，并且，第一固定块和第二固定块上分别设置有形状对应的凹槽，所述形状对应的凹槽组合成的凹部用于放置所述第二磁性件。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的终端充电装置，其中，所述整流单元包括第一二极管、第二二极管、第三二极管、和第四二极管；其中，
    所述第一二极管的负极和第二二极管的负极相连；
    所述第一二极管的正极连接至第一压电元件，所述第二二极管的正极连接至第二压电元件；
    所述第三二极管的正极和第四二极管的正极相连；
    所述第三二极管的负极连接至第一压电元件，所述第四二极管的负极连接至第二压电元件；
    所述第一二极管的负极连接至储能元件的第一端，所述第三二极管的正极连接至储能元件的第二端。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的终端充电装置，其中，
    所述压电元件沿厚度方向极化，
    所述第一压电元件和第二压电元件的极化方向设置为相同，以使所述第一压电元件和第二压电元件并联连接；或，
    所述第一压电元件和第二压电元件的极化方向设置为相反，以使所述第一压电元件和第二压电元件构成串联连接。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的终端充电装置，其中，所述储能元件为储能电容。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的终端充电装置，其中，第一压电元件和第二压电元件分别通过导电胶粘于所述金属梁的上表面和下表面。
  11. 一种终端，所述终端包括根据权利要求1～10中任一项所述的终端充电装置。
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