WO2016143699A1 - ジピリンホウ素錯体及びこれを含有する医薬 - Google Patents
ジピリンホウ素錯体及びこれを含有する医薬 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2016143699A1 WO2016143699A1 PCT/JP2016/056803 JP2016056803W WO2016143699A1 WO 2016143699 A1 WO2016143699 A1 WO 2016143699A1 JP 2016056803 W JP2016056803 W JP 2016056803W WO 2016143699 A1 WO2016143699 A1 WO 2016143699A1
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- Prior art keywords
- group
- halogen atom
- compound
- hydrogen atom
- dipyrine
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- A61K31/4025—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil not condensed and containing further heterocyclic rings, e.g. cromakalim
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- C07D207/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D207/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D207/44—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C07D207/44—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/444—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having two doubly-bound oxygen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 5
- C07D207/456—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members having two doubly-bound oxygen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 5 with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to other ring carbon atoms
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- C07D215/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom
- C07D215/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D215/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinoline or hydrogenated quinoline ring systems having no bond between the ring nitrogen atom and a non-ring member or having only hydrogen atoms or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom with only hydrogen atoms or radicals containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms, directly attached to the ring carbon atoms having only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, attached to the ring nitrogen atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing three or more hetero rings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D455/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine
- C07D455/03—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine containing quinolizine ring systems directly condensed with at least one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine
- C07D455/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing quinolizine ring systems, e.g. emetine alkaloids, protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine containing quinolizine ring systems directly condensed with at least one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. protoberberine; Alkylenedioxy derivatives of dibenzo [a, g] quinolizines, e.g. berberine containing a quinolizine ring system condensed with only one six-membered carbocyclic ring, e.g. julolidine
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
- C07F5/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 3 or 13 of the Periodic Table
- C07F5/02—Boron compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K41/00—Medicinal preparations obtained by treating materials with wave energy or particle radiation ; Therapies using these preparations
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a medicament for preventing or treating diseases involving various pathogenic amyloids.
- proteins fold to form a specific native structure and take on vital functions.
- misfolding may cause aggregation (amyloidation) into fibers rich in ⁇ -sheet structures.
- Aggregates oligomers, protofibrils, fibers
- amyloid diseases include Alzheimer's disease amyloid ⁇ , tau protein, Parkinson's disease ⁇ -synuclein, diabetic amylin, systemic amyloid-cis transthyretin, and Huntington's disease huntingtin.
- amyloid ⁇ (abbreviated as A ⁇ ) which is the causative amyloid of Alzheimer's disease
- a ⁇ amyloid ⁇
- a ⁇ degrading enzyme promoters an inhibitor of an enzyme that produces A ⁇ from a precursor protein, A ⁇ degrading enzyme promoters, immunotherapy, A ⁇ aggregation inhibitors and the like are known.
- a ⁇ a small amount of Met oxygenated product of A ⁇ peptide (oxygenated product of sulfur atom of Met residue of A ⁇ peptide oxygenated (O)) remains in the living body, and the Met oxygenated product.
- O oxygenated product of Met residue of A ⁇ peptide oxygenated
- the object of the present invention is a compound useful as an amyloid oxygenation catalyst applicable to in vivo, selective to amyloid, applicable to not only A ⁇ peptide but also other amyloid, and amyloid using the same
- the purpose is to provide drugs for preventing and treating related diseases.
- a dipyrine boron complex having an atom or a halogenoalkyl group has strong oxygenation activity against A ⁇ peptide and other amyloids, particularly strong oxygenation activity against highly toxic A ⁇ peptide aggregates, and oxygenation activity against peptides other than amyloid It has been found to be useful as an in-vivo catalyst for producing an amyloid oxygenate having no aggregating property because it has no stability and is highly stable against water and light irradiation.
- dipyrine boron complex represented by the following general formula (1) (R 1 is hydrogen or alkyl) generates strong fluorescence by light irradiation, stability to water, and stability under light irradiation conditions. It was found that it is useful as a dye for fluorescent staining of living bodies and tissues because of its excellent properties, and as an intermediate for the production of the compound of formula (1), thereby completing the present invention.
- the present invention provides the following [1] to [13].
- X 1 and X 2 are the same or different and each represents a halogenoalkyl group or a halogen atom;
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or a group represented by the formula (b);
- R 2 and R 6 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 7 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group
- R 8 represents a hydrogen atom or — (CH 2 ) 1 — (Y) m — (CH 2 ) n —Z (where Y represents —CO—, —CONH— or a triazole ring, Z represents a carboxyl group, A sulfonic acid group or -CO-peptide residue, l and n each represent an integer of 1 to 6 and m represents 0 or 1)
- R 9 and R 10 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, an amino group, a nitro group or a cyano group; R 8 and R 10 may together form an alkylene group.
- X 1 and X 2 are the same or different and each represents a halogenoalkyl group or a halogen atom;
- One of R 2 and R 6 represents a halogen atom, and the remainder represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom;
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 7 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group;
- R 8 represents a hydrogen atom or — (CH 2 ) 1 — (Y) m — (CH 2 ) n —Z (where Y represents —CO—, —CONH— or a triazole ring, Z represents a carboxyl group, A sulfonic acid group or -CO-peptide residue, l and n each represent an integer of 1 to 6 and m represents 0 or 1);
- R 9 and R 10 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy
- the dipyrine boron complex represented by these.
- [6] The dipyrine boron complex according to [5], wherein X 1 and X 2 are the same or different and are a fluoro C 1 -C 4 alkyl group or a halogen atom.
- [7] The dipyrine boron complex according to [5] or [6], wherein one of R 2 and R 6 is a halogen atom, and the other is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom.
- a medicament comprising the dipyrine boron complex according to any one of [5] to [7] as an active ingredient.
- a pharmaceutical composition comprising the dipyridine boron complex according to any one of [5] to [7] and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- a method for preventing or treating a disease associated with pathogenic amyloid which comprises administering an effective amount of the dipyrine boron complex according to any one of [5] to [7].
- the dipyrine boron complex (1A) of the present invention has high catalytic activity for oxygenating pathogenic amyloid such as A ⁇ peptide, suppresses amyloid aggregation by oxygenating amyloid in vivo, and oxygen for aggregated amyloid Prophylactic treatment of diseases associated with pathogenic amyloid because it has high oxidative activity, has no oxygenation activity against peptides other than amyloid, and is highly stable under water and light irradiation conditions Useful as a medicine.
- a compound in which R 1 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group is useful as a fluorescent dye for staining a living body or tissue.
- oxygenation refers to a reaction that combines oxygen atoms, among other oxidations.
- the stability of the compound of the present invention to water is shown.
- the stability of the compound of the present invention under light irradiation conditions is shown.
- the calculation result of the HOMO / LUMO level is shown.
- the mass spectrometry result accompanying oxygenation of A ⁇ 1-42 peptide is shown.
- the A ⁇ peptide oxygenation activity of the compound of the present invention is shown.
- the A ⁇ peptide oxygenation activity of the compound of the present invention is shown.
- the A ⁇ peptide oxygenation activity of the compound of the present invention is shown.
- the A ⁇ peptide oxygenation activity of the compound of the present invention is shown.
- the peptide selectivity of the A ⁇ peptide oxygenation activity of the compound of the present invention is shown.
- the oxygenation activity with respect to the aggregate A (beta) peptide of this invention compound is shown.
- the effect with respect to the cell by A ⁇ 1-42 selective oxygenation of this invention compound is shown.
- X 1 and X 2 are the same or different and each represents a halogenoalkyl group or a halogen atom.
- a halogeno C 1 -C 4 alkyl group is preferable, and a fluoro C 1 -C 4 alkyl group is particularly preferable.
- Specific examples of the halogenoalkyl group are more preferably perfluoro C 1 -C 4 alkyl groups such as a trifluoromethyl group, a pentafluoroethyl group, and a heptafluoropropyl group.
- examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, and a fluorine atom is preferable.
- X 1 and X 2 may both be a halogen atom or a halogenoalkyl group, but X 1 is preferably a halogenoalkyl group, X 2 is preferably a halogen atom, and X 1 is a perfluoroC 1 -C More preferably, it is a 4 alkyl group, X 2 is a fluorine atom, X 1 is a trifluoromethyl group or a pentafluoroethyl group, and X 2 is more preferably a fluorine atom.
- R 1 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or a group represented by Formula (b).
- R 8 represents a hydrogen atom or — (CH 2 ) 1 — (Y) m — (CH 2 ) n —Z (where Y represents —CO—, —CONH— or a triazole ring).
- Z represents a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group or a —CO-peptide residue, 1 and n each represents an integer of 1 to 6, and m represents 0 or 1);
- R 9 and R 10 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, an amino group, a nitro group or a cyano group; R 8 and R 10 may together form an alkylene group.
- the alkyl group represented by R 1 is preferably a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group.
- Specific examples include linear or branched C 1 -C 4 alkyl groups such as methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, and tert-butyl group. Of these, a methyl group is particularly preferred.
- R 2 and R 6 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom. It is preferable that one of R 2 and R 6 represents a halogen atom and the other represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom.
- examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom, but a bromine atom or an iodine atom is more preferable, and an iodine atom is further preferable.
- R 2 and R 6 are a halogen atom
- strong oxygenation activity for amyloid, particularly aggregated amyloid is obtained by irradiation with light having a long wavelength of 640 nm or more, stability to water, and light irradiation conditions The stability at is also good.
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 7 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or an alkyl group.
- the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- the alkyl group include a C 1 -C 12 alkyl group, and a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group is preferable.
- This alkyl group includes a linear or branched alkyl group, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, and an n-butyl group.
- R 3 , R 5 and R 7 are each preferably a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, more preferably a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group.
- R 4 is preferably a hydrogen atom.
- R 1 and R 7 are preferably not simultaneously hydrogen atoms.
- R 8 represents a hydrogen atom or — (CH 2 ) 1 — (Y) m — (CH 2 ) n —Z.
- Y represents —CO—, —CONH— or a triazole ring group.
- the triazole ring include a 1,2,3-triazole-1,4-diyl group and a 1,2,4-triazole-1,3-diyl group.
- Z represents a carboxyl group (—COOH), a sulfonic acid group (—SO 3 H) or a —CO—peptide residue.
- the peptide of —CO-peptide residue include dipeptide to oligopeptide such as hexapeptide.
- the oligopeptide is preferably a 2-6 oligopeptide composed of amino acids selected from Lys, Leu, Val, Phe and these modified amino acids, more preferably a 4-6 oligopeptide, and even more preferably a pentapeptide.
- modified amino acids include amino acids modified with a phenyl group, a halogenophenyl group, a naphthyl group, and the like, and a phenyl group-modified amino acid is preferred.
- Specific examples of the oligopeptide include KLVFF, KLVF (4Ph) F, and KVLF ( ⁇ Ph) F.
- these preferable oligopeptides are peptides having aggregation inhibitory activity against A ⁇ .
- peptide KLVF (4Ph) F bound to compound 19 has excellent A ⁇ aggregation inhibitory activity (Non-patent Document 4). Particularly preferred. l and n each represents an integer of 1 to 6, but an integer of 2 to 6 is preferable. m represents 0 or 1;
- the alkylene group formed by combining R 8 and R 10 is preferably an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include an ethylene group, a trimethylene group, and a tetramethylene group.
- R 8 and R 10 together form an alkylene group R 10 is preferably substituted at the 8-position on the tetrahydroquinoline ring.
- R 9 and R 10 are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a halogen atom, an amino group, a nitro group, or a cyano group.
- the alkyl group is preferably a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, and examples thereof include linear or branched C 1 -C 4 alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, and an isopropyl group.
- the alkoxy group is preferably a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group, and examples thereof include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an n-propyloxy group, and an isopropyloxy group.
- the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and an iodine atom.
- X 1 and X 2 are the same or different and are a fluoro C 1 -C 4 alkyl group or a halogen atom;
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group or the formula (b)
- R 8 represents — (CH 2 ) 1 — (Y) m — (CH 2 ) n —Z, or R 8 and R 10 together represent C 2 -C 4 alkylene group
- R 9 represents a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, or a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group); at least one of R 2 and R 6 is a halogen atom
- the other is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom;
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 7 are preferably the same or different and each is a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group or a halogen atom.
- R 1 is the formula (b) is activated by light having a long wavelength of 590 nm or more, has a strong oxygenation activity for amyloid such as A ⁇ , has high stability to water and high stability under light irradiation conditions, It is useful as an in vivo catalyst for producing an amyloid oxygenate that does not have aggregability, and is represented by the following general formula (1A).
- R 1 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group emits strong fluorescence and is useful as a fluorescent dye for staining a living body, tissue, cell, etc. by fluorescent coloration, and is represented by the following general formula (1B).
- R 1a represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group
- X 1 , X 2 and R 2 to R 7 are the same as above
- X 1 and X 2 are the same or different and are a fluoro C 1 -C 4 alkyl group or a halogen atom
- R 8 is — (CH 2 ) 1 — (Y) m — (CH 2 ) N -Z or R 8 and R 10 together form a C 2 -C 4 alkylene group
- R 9 is a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group, or a C 1 -C 6 alkoxy group
- At least one of R 2 and R 6 is a halogen atom and the other is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 7 are the same or different and represent a hydrogen atom, A C 1 -C 6 alkyl group or a halogen atom is preferred.
- X 1 and X 2 are the same or different and are a fluoro C 1 -C 4 alkyl group or a halogen atom;
- R 1a is a hydrogen atom or a C 1 -C 4 alkyl group;
- R 2 And R 6 is a halogen atom and the other is a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom;
- R 3 , R 4 , R 5 and R 7 are the same or different and are a hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 6 alkyl group or a halogen atom.
- An atom is preferred.
- the present invention includes optical isomers, and includes both optical isomers and racemates.
- the compound (1) of the present invention can be produced, for example, according to the following reaction formula.
- triethyl orthoformate is reacted with pyrrole compound (2) in the presence of an acid such as trifluoroacetic acid to obtain compound (3).
- an acid such as trifluoroacetic acid
- acetic acid or the like can be used in addition to trifluoroacetic acid. This reaction may be performed at 0 ° C. to 50 ° C. for 10 minutes to 10 hours in an inert solvent such as dichloromethane, chloroform or dichloroethane.
- the compound (3) is reacted with a halogenoalkylated trihalogenoboron (eg, KBF 3 CF 3 , KBF 3 C 2 F 5, etc.) to obtain the compound (1B1).
- a halogenoalkylated trihalogenoboron eg, KBF 3 CF 3 , KBF 3 C 2 F 5, etc.
- the compound (3) is first reacted with an organic amine such as triethylamine in a solvent such as dichloromethane. This is reacted at 0 ° C. with a suspension of acetonitrile or the like containing a halogenoalkylated trihalogenoboron and a Lewis acid such as trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate (TMSOTf). Thereafter, the treatment may be performed at 0 ° C. to room temperature for 1 to 10 hours.
- TMSOTf trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate
- the compound (1B1) is reacted with a halogen such as iodine to obtain the compound (1B2).
- a halogen such as iodine
- the iodination reaction is preferably carried out using an iodinating agent such as diacetoxyiodobenzene and iodine.
- the reaction may be performed in a polar solvent such as acetonitrile at room temperature for 1 hour to 10 hours.
- compound (1A2) is obtained by reacting compound (1B2) with compound (4).
- This reaction may be performed in an inert solvent such as toluene at 100 to 200 ° C. for 1 to 10 hours in the presence of an acid such as acetic acid and an organic amine such as piperidine.
- an acid such as acetic acid and an organic amine such as piperidine.
- the iodine atom on the dipyrine boron ring of compound (1B2) is considered to be eliminated.
- Compound (4) can be produced, for example, by formylating the 6-position of tetrahydroquinolines by carrying out a Bisurmeier-Hack reaction in which dimethylformamide and phosphoric acid trichloride are reacted with tetrahydroquinolines.
- the substituent on a dipyrine structure it can convert suitably by using what has a various substituent as a raw material pyrrole compound.
- the compound (1A) in which R 8 is — (CH 2 ) 1 —CONH— (CH 2 ) n —Z is obtained by using the compound (4) in which R 8 is — (CH 2 ) 1 —COOH as a raw material. It can also be obtained by reacting H 2 N (CH 2 ) n —Z.
- the resulting compound (1) of the present invention can be isolated and purified from the reaction mixture by usual means such as washing, crystallization, recrystallization, chromatography and the like.
- the maximum absorption wavelength of the compound (1A) of the present invention is shifted to a longer wavelength side compared to the thioflavin T, and the compound (1A) of the present invention absorbs light in the presence of A ⁇ as compared to the case in the absence of A ⁇ . A slight increase in wavelength was observed, and a significantly higher fluorescence was observed. From this result, it can be seen that, like thioflavin T, the compound of the present invention emits fluorescence as a result of binding to A ⁇ and inhibiting rotation within the molecule.
- the compound of the present invention (1A) when the compound of the present invention (1A) is added to native A ⁇ and irradiated with light of 590 nm or more under physiological conditions, native A ⁇ decreases with time and oxygenated A ⁇ with 1 to 4 oxygen atoms added thereto. increased. The oxygenation efficiency was significantly higher than that of thioflavin T. Further, the oxygenation reaction by the compound (1A) of the present invention is extremely weak against non-amyloid peptides such as angiotensin IV and methionine enkephalin and is selective for A ⁇ . Furthermore, the compound (1A) of the present invention had higher oxygenation activity against the highly toxic aggregated A ⁇ peptide than the oxygenation activity against the monomeric A ⁇ peptide.
- this invention compound (1A) is excellent also in the stability with respect to water and light irradiation conditions. Therefore, the compound (1A) of the present invention can be expected to act as a catalyst for selectively oxygenating pathogenic amyloids such as A ⁇ peptide, amylin, transthyretin, ⁇ -synuclein, tau protein, and huntingtin. These pathogenic amyloids do not form ⁇ -sheet structure laminates when oxygenated, and therefore do not cause pathogenicity. Therefore, the compound (1A) of the present invention is useful as a prophylactic / therapeutic agent for diseases involving pathogenic amyloid such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, Huntington's disease, and systemic amyloidosis in animals including humans.
- pathogenic amyloids such as A ⁇ peptide, amylin, transthyretin, ⁇ -synuclein, tau protein, and huntingtin. These pathogenic amyloids do not form ⁇ -sheet structure laminates when oxygenated
- the present compound (1A) catalyzes the oxygenation reaction of pathogenic amyloid. This oxygenation reaction proceeds when the compound (1A) of the present invention is excited and activated by light and oxygenates amyloid. Accordingly, when the compound (1A) of the present invention is used as a medicine, it is preferable to irradiate the patient with light after administering the compound (1A) of the present invention. Further, since the wavelength of light for bringing the compound (1A) of the present invention into an excited state is a long wavelength of 590 nm or more, it has a feature of being easily transmitted through a living body.
- the pharmaceutical composition containing the compound (1A) of the present invention can be prepared by selecting an appropriate preparation according to the administration method and preparing various preparations using a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
- Examples of the dosage form of the pharmaceutical composition mainly comprising the compound (1A) of the present invention include tablets, powders, granules, capsules, liquids, syrups, elixirs, oily or aqueous suspensions and the like. It can be illustrated as
- stabilizers As injections, stabilizers, preservatives, and solubilizing aids may be used in the preparation. After storing a solution that may contain these adjuvants in a container, it may be prepared as a solid preparation by lyophilization or the like. It is good also as a formulation. Further, a single dose may be stored in one container, and multiple doses may be stored in one container.
- liquid preparations suspensions, emulsions, ointments, gels, creams, lotions, sprays, patches and the like can be exemplified as external preparations.
- the solid preparation contains a pharmaceutically acceptable additive together with the compound (1A) of the present invention.
- a pharmaceutically acceptable additive for example, fillers, extenders, binders, disintegrants, dissolution promoters, wetting agents, lubricantskinds and the like can be selected and mixed as necessary to prepare a formulation.
- liquid preparations include solutions, suspensions, emulsions and the like, but additives may include suspending agents, emulsifiers and the like.
- the dosage is preferably 1 mg to 1 g, preferably 1 mg to 300 mg per day for an adult.
- Triethylamine (266 ⁇ L, 1.91 mmol) was added to a solution of compound 1 (100 mg, 0.32 mmol) in dichloromethane (3 mL), and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 10 minutes.
- Boron trifluoride / diethyl ether complex (353 mL, 2.86 mmol) was added dropwise to the reaction solution, and stirring was continued for another hour at room temperature.
- the reaction solution was diluted with water, and the organic layer was extracted with dichloromethane. The organic layer was washed with saturated brine and dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate.
- Gave compound 5 as a red solid. (167 mg, 84%) 1 H NMR (CDCl 3 , 400 MHz): ⁇ 2.18 (s, 6H), 2.57 (s, 6H), 7.06 (s, 1H); 13 C NMR (CDCl 3 , 100 MHz): ⁇ 13.73, 15.65, 81.99 , 120.22,132.80,144.34,157.67; 19 F NMR (CDCl 3 , 370 MHz): ⁇ -148.82.LRMS (ESI-) (m / z) 498.9 [M-1] -1 (calc: 498.9)
- This oil and sodium azide (1.62 g, 25 mmol) were dissolved in DMF (40 mL) and stirred at 60 ° C. for 1 hour.
- the target compound 18 was synthesized by an ordinary Fmoc type peptide solid phase synthesis method using Fmoc-protected amino acid and 4-pentynoic acid.
- Test Example 1 (Stability to water) A phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) in which compound 8, 10, 11 or 12 (20 ⁇ M each) was dissolved was incubated at 37 ° C., and the absorption spectrum was measured over time.
- Test Example 2 Optical characteristics and stability under light irradiation conditions
- the synthesized compounds 2 to 4 were measured for optical properties (in methanol) (Table 1).
- Compounds 2 to 4 all have a maximum absorption wavelength near 500 nm and emit fluorescence at 509 nm.
- the absorption coefficient was slightly decreased by the introduction of perfluoroalkyl groups, there was almost no change in the fluorescence quantum yield. From this result, it was shown that the perfluoroalkyl group on the boron atom does not greatly affect the optical properties of the compound of the present invention.
- the light stability of the compound of the present invention was considered from the viewpoint of reactivity with singlet oxygen.
- HOMO / LUMO levels were calculated for compounds 2 to 4 by DFT calculation (FIG. 3). As a result of the calculation, it was found that the HOMO / LUMO level decreases in the order of F> CF 3 > C 2 F 5 for the substituent on the boron atom. Since the higher the HOMO level, the more easily oxygenated by singlet oxygen, this calculation result agrees with the result of the photostability test.
- the HOMO-LUMO energy gap reflects the fact that the maximum absorption wavelength does not change because there is almost no difference between the three compounds.
- Test example 3 The absorption spectrum was measured (Table 2).
- the maximum absorption wavelength is further increased by 20 nm, and it becomes possible to efficiently excite with light in a long wavelength region exceeding 650 nm.
- the wavelength was shortened by about 10 nm as compared with julolidine (compounds 13 to 16). From the above results, it is presumed that the absorption wavelength tends to be longer as the lone pair of nitrogen atom is fixed on the same plane as the benzene ring by the condensed ring structure of julolidine or tetrahydroquinoline. Further, it has been found that the present invention makes the wavelength longer by introducing iodine, and the substituent on boron does not significantly affect the absorption wavelength.
- Test example 4 (1) In vitro oxygenation experiments were performed using A ⁇ 1-42 as a substrate to confirm that the synthesized compounds actually have A ⁇ oxygenation activity. Compound 12 (20 ⁇ M) was added to a phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) containing A ⁇ 1-42 (20 ⁇ M), incubated at 37 ° C. under LED irradiation (wavelength 595 nm), and then a mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF). MS) followed the reaction. Before light irradiation, native A ⁇ 1-42 and Na + adducts are mainly observed, but when light irradiation is performed, ion peaks suggesting the presence of oxygenates are observed over time (Fig. 4).
- a ⁇ 1-42 oxygenation activity was compared for compounds 8, 11, and 12 (FIG. 5).
- a 0.1% TFA aqueous solution of O-acylisoA ⁇ 1-42 was diluted with 10 mM phosphate buffer (PB) at pH 7.4 to obtain a native A ⁇ 1-42 solution, against which a catalyst DMSO stock solution ( 1.0M) was added, and 595 nm light was irradiated while incubating at 37 ° C. It was confirmed by MALDI-TOF MS that Compounds 8, 11, and 12 all oxygenate A ⁇ 1-42 under light irradiation.
- FIG. 7 shows the A ⁇ 1-42 oxygenation activity of Compound 19.
- Test Example 5 (A ⁇ peptide selectivity) Using Compound 14, it was verified that the compound of the present invention selectively oxygenates A ⁇ .
- Compound 14 (20 ⁇ M) was added to a phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) containing A ⁇ 1-42 (20 ⁇ M), angiotensin IV (20 ⁇ M) or methionine enkephalin (20 ⁇ M), which had been pre-incubated for 3 hours, under LED irradiation (wavelength 595 nm). ), And incubated at 37 ° C. for 30 minutes, and then the reaction was followed with a mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF MS).
- MALDI-TOF MS mass spectrometer
- FIG. 9 Three model peptides, angiotensin IV (AT-4), metoenkephalin (ME), and somatostatin (Sat) having residues that can be oxygenated, were selected and subjected to the same oxygenation conditions as A ⁇ 1-42 .
- oxygenation experiment was similarly performed using riboflavin as a control which does not show A ⁇ selectivity.
- riboflavin shows a constant oxygenation activity for all peptides
- compound 14 shows a strong oxygenation activity only for A ⁇ 1-42, and oxygenation does not proceed at all for other peptides.
- oxygenation was shown to be significantly slower than A ⁇ 1-42 .
- Test Example 6 Enzymaticization of aggregated A ⁇ peptide
- the dependency of oxygenation rate on aggregation was examined.
- the incubation time after converting O-acylisoA ⁇ 1-42 to native A ⁇ 1-42 was used as an indicator of the progress of aggregation, and it was confirmed whether the oxygenation rate varied with the incubation time (FIG. 10).
- a test compound (each 2 ⁇ M) is added to phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) containing A ⁇ 1-42 (20 ⁇ M) that has not been incubated or A ⁇ 1-42 (20 ⁇ M) that has been pre-incubated for 1 hour or 3 hours.
- reaction was followed by mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) after incubation at 37 ° C. for 10 minutes under (wavelength 595 nm).
- MALDI-TOF MS mass spectrometry
- Test Example 7 (Test on cells) (Method) A ⁇ was dissolved in phosphate buffer (40 ⁇ M) and incubated at 37 ° C. for 2 hours. Compound 16 was then added (1.6 ⁇ M). Prepare a rat adrenal medulla-derived pheochromocytoma PC12 cells (purchased from RIKEN) seeded in a poly D-lysine-coated 96-well plate with Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium containing 0.1% horse serum, Thereto was added 25 ⁇ L of the above phosphate buffer containing A ⁇ and Compound 16.
- the compound of the general formula (1A) of the present invention has a structure in which an electron donor site and an electron acceptor site rotate around a bond. Even if the compound of the present invention is photoexcited in the absence of A ⁇ , it causes no rotation and does not react. On the other hand, when the rotation is suppressed by binding to the amyloid higher-order structure, an oxygenation reaction is caused through production of singlet oxygen. Thus, since the compound of the present invention can switch activity, it is considered that A ⁇ 42 can be oxygenated with high selectivity even in a complicated system such as in the presence of cells.
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Abstract
Description
一方、Aβに関しては、AβペプチドのMet酸素化体(AβペプチドのMet残基の硫黄原子が酸素化(O)された酸素化体)が生体内に少量残存すること、及び当該Met酸素化体はAβペプチドに比べて凝集性が低いことが報告されている(非特許文献1~3)。かかる観点から、本発明者は、式(a)で表されるAβ結合部位を有するフラビン光触媒を用いてAβペプチドを酸素化するとAβペプチド酸素化体が得られ、当該Aβペプチド酸素化体はAβの凝集を抑制することを報告した(非特許文献4)。
従って、本発明の課題は、生体内に適用可能で、アミロイドに選択的であって、Aβペプチドだけでなく他のアミロイドにも適用可能なアミロイド酸素化触媒として有用な化合物及びこれを用いたアミロイド関連疾患予防治療薬を提供することにある。
R1は、水素原子、アルキル基又は式(b)で表される基を示し;
R3、R4、R5及びR7は、同一又は異なって、水素原子、ハロゲン原子又はアルキル基を示し;
R8は、水素原子又は-(CH2)l-(Y)m-(CH2)n-Z(ここで、Yは-CO-、-CONH-又はトリアゾール環を示し、Zはカルボキシル基、スルホン酸基又は-CO-ペプチド残基を示し、l及びnはそれぞれ1~6の整数を示し、mは0又は1を示す)を示し;
R9及びR10は、同一又は異なって、水素原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、アミノ基、ニトロ基又はシアノ基を示し;
R8とR10は一緒になってアルキレン基を形成してもよい。)
で表されるジピリンホウ素錯体。
〔2〕X1及びX2が、同一又は異なって、フルオロC1-C4アルキル基又はハロゲン原子である〔1〕記載のジピリンホウ素錯体。
〔3〕R2及びR6の一方がハロゲン原子であり、他方が水素原子又はハロゲン原子である〔1〕又は〔2〕記載のジピリンホウ素錯体。
〔4〕R1が前記式(b)で表される基である〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載のジピリンホウ素錯体。
〔5〕次の一般式(1A)
R2及びR6の一方はハロゲン原子を示し、残余は水素原子又はハロゲン原子を示し;
R3、R4、R5及びR7は、同一又は異なって、水素原子、ハロゲン原子又はアルキル基を示し;
R8は、水素原子又は-(CH2)l-(Y)m-(CH2)n-Z(ここで、Yは-CO-、-CONH-又はトリアゾール環を示し、Zはカルボキシル基、スルホン酸基又は-CO-ペプチド残基を示し、l及びnはそれぞれ1~6の整数を示し、mは0又は1を示す)を示し;
R9及びR10は、同一又は異なって、水素原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、アミノ基、ニトロ基又はシアノ基を示し;
R8とR10は一緒になってアルキレン基を形成してもよい。)
で表されるジピリンホウ素錯体。
〔6〕X1及びX2が、同一又は異なって、フルオロC1-C4アルキル基又はハロゲン原子である〔5〕記載のジピリンホウ素錯体。
〔7〕R2及びR6の一方がハロゲン原子であり、他方が水素原子又はハロゲン原子である〔5〕又は〔6〕記載のジピリンホウ素錯体。
〔8〕〔5〕~〔7〕のいずれかに記載のジピリンホウ素錯体を有効成分とする医薬。
〔9〕病原性アミロイドが関与する疾患の予防又は治療薬である〔8〕記載の医薬。
〔10〕〔5〕~〔7〕のいずれかに記載のジピリジンホウ素錯体及び薬学的に許容される担体を含有する医薬組成物。
〔11〕病原性アミロイドが関与する疾患の予防又は治療薬製造のための〔5〕~〔7〕のいずれかに記載のジピリンホウ素錯体の使用。
〔12〕病原性アミロイドが関与する疾患を予防又は治療するための、〔5〕~〔7〕のいずれかに記載のジピリンホウ素錯体。
〔13〕〔5〕~〔7〕のいずれかに記載のジピリンホウ素錯体の有効量を投与することを特徴とする病原性アミロイドが関与する疾患を予防又は治療する方法。
R9及びR10は、同一又は異なって、水素原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、アミノ基、ニトロ基又はシアノ基を示し;
R8とR10は一緒になってアルキレン基を形成してもよい。)
R2及びR6の少なくとも一方がハロゲン原子であることにより、640nm以上という長波長の光の照射によりアミロイド、特に凝集したアミロイドに対する強い酸素化活性が得られ、水に対する安定性及び光照射条件下での安定性も良好である。
前記一般式(1B)において、X1及びX2が同一又は異なってフルオロC1-C4アルキル基又はハロゲン原子であり;R1aが水素原子又はC1-C4アルキル基であり;R2及びR6の少なくとも一方がハロゲン原子であり、他方が水素原子又はハロゲン原子であり;R3、R4、R5及びR7が同一又は異なって水素原子、C1-C6アルキル基又はハロゲン原子であるのが好ましい。
なお、ジピリン構造上の置換基については、原料ピロール化合物として種々の置換基を有するものを用いることにより適宜変換できる。
また、R8が-(CH2)l-CONH-(CH2)n-Zである化合物(1A)は、R8が-(CH2)l-COOHである化合物(4)を原料として、H2N(CH2)n-Zを反応させることにより得ることもできる。
また、ネイティブAβに本発明化合物(1A)を添加し、生理的条件下で590nm以上の光を照射すると、経時的にネイティブAβが減少するとともに、酸素原子が1~4個付加した酸素化Aβが増加した。その酸素化効率は、チオフラビンTに比べて顕著に高かった。また、本発明化合物(1A)による酸素化反応は、アンギオテンシンIVやメチオニンエンケファリン等の非アミロイド性のペプチドに対しては極めて弱く、Aβに選択的である。
さらに、本発明化合物(1A)は、単量体のAβペプチドに対する酸素化活性よりも、毒性が強い凝集Aβペプチドに対する酸素化活性が高かった。また、本発明化合物(1A)は、水に対する安定性及び光照射条件下での安定性も優れている。
従って、本発明化合物(1A)は、Aβペプチド、アミリン、トランスサイレチン、αシヌクレイン、タウ蛋白質、ハンチンチン等の病原性アミロイド類を選択的に酸素化する触媒として作用することが期待できる。これらの病原性アミロイドは、酸素化されるとβ-シート構造の積層体を形成しなくなるため、病原性を生じなくなる。従って、本発明化合物(1A)は、ヒトを含む動物のアルツハイマー病、パーキンソン病、糖尿病、ハンチントン病、全身性アミロイド-シス等の病原性アミロイドが関与する疾患の予防治療薬として有用である。
液体製剤としては溶液、懸濁液、乳液剤等を挙げることができるが添加剤として懸濁化剤、乳化剤等を含むこともある。
以下の実験は全てアルゴン雰囲気下、脱水溶媒を用いて行った。
1H NMR(CDCl3, 400MHz):δ2.32(s,6H),2.49(s,6H),6.14(s,2H),7.05(s,1H);13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):δ12.08,14.23,117.41,118.18,120.13,146.30,155.30,161.39; 19F NMR(CDCl3,370MHz):δ-78.10
1H NMR(CDCl3, 400MHz):δ2.22(s,6H),2.51(s,6H),6.02(s,2H),7.01(s,1H); 13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz): δ11.24,14.63,118.96,120.04,133.38,141.17,156.69; 19F NMR(CDCl3,370MHz): δ-149.41
0度に氷冷したトリフルオロ(トリフルオロメチル)ホウ酸カリウム(3.03g,4.3mmol)のアセトニトリル(30mL)懸濁液にトリフルオロメタンスルホン酸トリメチルシリル(6.2mL,34.5mmol)を滴下し0度で20分間撹拌した。0度で撹拌している本反応液に対し、ジクロロメタン中(110mL)室温で10分間撹拌した上記固体とN,N-ジイソプロピルエチルアミン(2.25mL,12.9mmol)の溶液を滴下し、室温に昇温して3時間撹拌した。有機溶媒を減圧除去した後、ジクロロメタンによって有機層を抽出した。その有機層を水および飽和食塩水で洗浄し、無水硫酸ナトリウムによって乾燥させた。有機溶媒を減圧除去したのちフラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィー(展開溶媒比 ヘキサン:酢酸エチル=15:1)によって精製を行い、化合物3が赤色固体として得られた。(737mg,58%)
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ2.25(s,6H), 2.51(s,6H), 6.08(s,2H), 7.08(s,1H); 13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):δ11.31, 14.96(m), 119.76, 120.84, 133.14, 141.71, 157.92; 19F NMR(CDCl3,370MHz):δ-185.83(1F), -76.46(3F); LRMS(DART): m/z calcd for C14H16BF4N2 + [M+H]+: 299.1, found: 299.2
1H NMR(CDCl3, 400MHz):δ2.25(s, 6H), 2.51(s, 6H), 6.07(s, 2H), 7.07(s, 1H); 13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):δ11.31, 15.08(m), 119.77, 133.29, 141.81, 158.34; 19F NMR(CDCl3, 370MHz):δ-185.18(1F), -133.76(2F), -86.44(3F); LRMS(DART): m/z calcd for C15H16BF6N2 + [M+H]+: 349.1, found: 349.2
1H NMR(CDCl3, 400MHz):δ2.18(s,6H),2.57(s,6H),7.06(s,1H); 13C NMR(CDCl3,100MHz):δ13.73,15.65,81.99,120.22,132.80,144.34,157.67; 19F NMR(CDCl3,370MHz):δ-148.82. LRMS(ESI-)(m/z) 498.9 [M-1]-1 (calc: 498.9)
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ2.24(s,6H),2.58(s,6H),7.16(s,1H); 19F NMR(CDCl3,370MHz): δ-183.8(s, 1F),-76.6(s, 3F). LRMS(ESI-)(m/z) 548.9 [M-1]-1(calc: 548.9)
H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ2.19(s,6H), 2.52(s,6H), 7.10(s,1H); 19F NMR(CDCl3,370MHz):δ-215.37(1F), -166.09(2F), -118.33(3F); LRMS (ESI): m/z calcd for C15H12BF6I2N2 - [M-H]-1: 598.9, found: 599.0.
1H NMR(CDCl3, 400MHz):δ1.94(m, 4H),2.22(s,3H),2.25(s,3H),2.54(s,3H),2.74(t,J=6.27Hz,4H),3.21(t,J=5.41Hz,4H),5.99(s,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.89(s,1H),7.04(s,2H),7.13(d,J=15.7Hz,1H),7.31(d,J=15.7Hz,1H); 19F NMR(CDCl3,370MHz):δ-145.86. LRMS(ESI+)(m/z) 431.8 (M+)(calc: 432.2)
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ 2.23(s,3H), 2.26(s,3H), 2.54(s,3H), 3.01(s,6H), 6.01(s,1H), 6.64-6.67(br,3H), 6.93(s,1H), 7.21(d,J=16.1Hz,1H), 7.40(d,J=16.1Hz,1H), 7.48(d,J=8.97 Hz); 19F NMR(CDCl3, 370MHz):δ-142.83; LRMS (ESI): m/z calcd for C22H25BF2N3 + [M+H]+: 380.2, found: 380.1.
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ1.94(m, 4H),2.22(s,3H),2.25(s,3H),2.54(s,3H),2.74(s,4H,broad),3.21(s,4H,broad),5.99(s,1H),6.62(s,1H),6.89(s,1H),7.04(s,2H),7.13(d,J=16.1Hz,1H),7.30(d,J=16.1Hz,1H); 19F NMR(CDCl3,370MHz):δ-145.95.
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ1.94(m,4H),2.24(s,3H),2.27(s,3H),2.53(s,3H),2.74(t,J=6.27Hz,4H),3.21(t,J=5.41Hz,4H),6.04(s,1H),6.69(s,1H),6.94(s,1H),7.15(d,J=15.7Hz,1H),7.35(d,J=15.7Hz,1H); 19F NMR(CDCl3,370MHz):δ-182.48(s,1H),-76.32(s,3H). LRMS(ESI+)(m/z) 481.8 (M+)(calc: 482.2)
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ 1.9451(m,4H),2.21(s,3H),2.27(s,3H),2.58(s,3H),2.74(t,J=5.80Hz,4H),3.23(t,J=5.83Hz,4H),6.74(s,1H),6.93(s,1H),7.03(s,2H),7.22(d,J=15.7Hz,1H),7.36(d,J=15.7Hz,1H); 19F NMR(CDCl3,370MHz):δ-181.43(s,1H),-76.34(s,3H).
1H NMR(acetone-d6,400MHz):δ1.31(m,2H), 1.50-1.57(m,4H), 1.82(m,2H), 2.10(s,3H), 2.16-2.21(m,5H), 2.40(s,3H), 2.66(t,J=6.27,2H), 3.25-3.32(m,4H), 6.56(d,J=8.50,1H), 6.83(s,1H), 7.12(s,1H), 7.18-7.22(m,2H), 7.29(s,1H), 7.40(d,J=16.1Hz,1H) ; 19F NMR(acetone-d6, 370MHz):δ-177.2; LRMS(ESI):m/z calcd for C29H34BF2IN3O2 + [M+H]+: 632.2, found: 632.2.
1H NMR(acetone-d6,400MHz):δ1.30(m,2H), 1.47-1.58(m,4H), 1.81(m,2H), 2.12(s,3H), 2.17-2.22(m,5H), 2.43(s,3H), 2.65(t,J=6.28Hz,2H), 3.25-3.32(m,4H), 6.56(d,J=8.54,1H), 6.93(s,1H), 7.10(s,1H), 7.19-7.27(m,2H), 7.37(s,1H), 7.43(d,J=15.7Hz,1H) ;19F NMR(acetone-d6,370MHz):δ-178a.6(1F), -73.67(3F); LRMS(ESI): m/zcalcd for C30H34BF4IN3O2 +[M+H]+: 682.2, found: 682.5.
1H NMR(acetone-d6,400MHz):δ1.31(m,2H), 1.50-1.57(m,4H), 1.82(m,2H), 2.12(s,3H), 2.15-2.22(m,5H), 2.43(s,3H), 2.65(t,J=6.28,2H), 3.25-3.32(m,4H), 6.57(d,J=8.54,1H), 6.93(s,1H), 7.10(s,1H), 7.20(d,J=8.54,1H), 7.28(d,J=15.7Hz,1H), 7.37(s,1H), 7.43(d,J=15.7Hz,1H) ; 19F NMR(acetone-d6,370MHz):δ-177.9(1F), -131.2(2F), -84.03(3F);LRMS(ESI): m/z calcd for C31H34BF6IN3O2 + [M+H]+: 732.2, found: 731.1.
収率(2.1mg,17%). LRMS(ESI): m/z calcd for C32H39BF4IN4O4S+[M+H]+: 789.2, found: 789.4; HPLC:tR= 36.8min(based on HPLC analysis at 230nm with a linear gradient of 0-100% MeCN in 0.1% aq. TFA over 40min).
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ1.37 (m,2H), 1.57-1.74(m,4H), 1.94(m,2H), 2.33(t,J=7.48,2H), 2.75(t,J=6.74,2H), 3.17-3.28(m,4H), 3.67(s,3H), 6.53-6.56(m,2H), 6.93(d,J=5.96,1H), 7.04(t,J=7.48,1H); LRMS (ESI):m/z calcd for C16H24NO2 + [M+H]+: 262.2, found: 262.2.
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ1.36 (m,2H), 1.56-1.69(m,4H), 1.90(m,2H), 2.30(t,J=7.48,2H), 2.73(t,J=5.97,2H), 3.27-3.35(m,4H), 3.63(s,3H), 6.51(d,J=8.97,1H), 7.41(s,1H), 7.49(dd,J=1.92,8.60Hz,1H), 9.60(s,1H); LRMS (ESI): m/z calcd for C17H24NO3 + [M+H]+: 290.2, found: 290.1.
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ1.39 (m,2H), 1.59-1.70(m,4H), 1.92(m,2H), 2.37(t,J=7.41Hz,2H), 2.75(t,J=6.29,2H), 3.29-3.37(m,4H), 6.53(d,J=8.54,1H), 7.43(s,1H), 7.51(d,J=8.50,1H), 9.62(s,1H); LRMS(ESI): m/z calcd for C16H22NO3 + [M+H]+: 276.2, found: 276.1.
1H NMR(CDCl3,500MHz):δ1.98(m,2H), 2.77(t,J=6.27Hz,2H), 3.38(t,J=5.72Hz,2H), 3.70(s,3H), 3.99(s,2H), 6.38(d,J=7.45Hz,1H), 6.60(dd,J=7.45,7.45Hz,1H), 6.95(d,J=7.45Hz,1H), 7.00(dd,J=7.45,7.45Hz,1H).
1H NMR(CDCl3,500MHz):δ1.82(br,1H), 1.95(m,2H), 2.76(t,J=6.30Hz,2H), 3.31(t,J=5.72Hz,2H), 3.42(t,J=5.72Hz,2H), 3.80(br,2H), 6.60(dd,J=6.85,7.45Hz,1H), 6.67(d,J=8.00Hz,1H), 6.95(d,J=6.85Hz,1H), 7.04(dd,J=7.45,8.00Hz,1H)
1H NMR(CDCl3, 500MHz):δ1.97 (m,2H), 2.77(t,J=6.27Hz,2H), 3.36(t,J=5.73Hz,2H), 6.58(d,J=8.00Hz,1H), 6.62(dd,J=7.43,7.45,1H), 6.97(d,J=7.43Hz), 7.07(dd,J=7.45,8.00Hz,1H)
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz):δ1.95(m,2H),2.77 (t,J=6.28Hz,2H), 3.43(t,J=5.84Hz,2H), 3.48-3.56(m,4H), 6.58(d,J=8.63Hz,1H), 7.45(d,J=2.23Hz,1H), 7.52(dd,J=2.23,8.63Hz,1H), 9.65(s,1H) ; LRMS (ESI): m/z calcd for C12H15N4O+ [M+H]+: 231.1, found: 231.3.
1H NMR(acetone-d6,500MHz):δ1.97 (m,2H), 2.25(s,3H), 2.35(s, 3H), 2.56(s,3H), 3.47-3.66(m,8H), 6.78(d,J=8.57Hz,1H), 7.05(s,1H), 7.26(s,1H), 7.34(d,J=8.57Hz,1H), 7.40(d,J=16.1Hz,1H), 7.53(s,1H), 7.56(d,J=16.1Hz,1H)
LRMS(ESI): m/z calcd for C46H61N6O7 + [M+H]+: 809.5, found: 809.5 ; Purity > 80% (based on HPLC analysis at 214nm with a linear gradient of 0-100% MeCN in 0.1% aq. TFA over 40min).
MALDI-TOF MS: m/z calcd for C72H87BF4IN12O7 + [M+H]+: 1445.6, found: 1448.5
化合物8、10、11又は12(それぞれ20μM)を溶解したリン酸緩衝液(pH7.4)を37℃でインキュベートし、経時的に吸光スペクトルを測定した。
合成した化合物2~4について、(メタノール中)光学的特性の測定を行った(表1)。化合物2~4はいずれも500nm付近に最大吸収波長を持ち、509nmの蛍光を発する。パーフルオロアルキル基の導入により多少の吸光係数の減少が見られたが、蛍光量子収率にはほとんど変化がなかった。この結果より、ホウ素原子上のパーフルオロアルキル基は本発明化合物の光学的特性に大きな影響を及ぼさないことが示された。
吸収スペクトルの測定を行った(表2)。化合物9(ジメチルアミノフェニル)をジュロリジンに変更した化合物8は化合物9に比べ最大吸収波長が30nmほど長波長化した。ホウ素上の置換基をFからCF3に変更しても最大吸収波長にほとんど変化は見られなかった(化合物11)。R6にヨウ素を導入した化合物12では最大吸収波長がさらに20nm長波長化し、650nmを超える長波長領域の光で効率よく励起することが可能となった。水溶性置換基を導入するためにカルボキシル基やスルホン酸基置換テトラヒドロキノリン誘導体にした場合にはジュロリジンよりも10nmほど短波長化した(化合物13~16)。以上の結果から、窒素原子の非共有電子対がジュロリジンやテトラヒドロキノリンの縮環構造によってベンゼン環と同一平面上に固定されるほど、吸収波長が長波長化する傾向にあると推測される。また、本発明について、ヨウ素を導入することで長波長化すること、ホウ素上の置換基は吸収波長に大きな影響を及ぼさないことが判明した。
(1)合成した化合物が実際にAβ酸素化活性を有することを確認するべくAβ1-42を基質としてin vitro酸素化実験を行った。Aβ1-42(20μM)を含むリン酸緩衝液(pH7.4)に、化合物12(20μM)を加え、LED照射下(波長595nm)、37℃でインキュベートした後、質量分析装置(MALDI-TOF MS)にて反応を追跡した。光照射前はネイティブAβ1-42およびNa+付加体が主に観測されるが、光照射を行うと経時的に酸素化体の存在を示唆するイオンピークが観測されるようになった(図4)。
化合物14を用いて、本発明化合物がAβを選択性に酸素化することを検証した。あらかじめ3時間インキュベートしたAβ1-42(20μM)、アンジオテンシンIV(20μM)又はメチオニンエンケファリン(20μM)を含むリン酸緩衝液(pH7.4)に、化合物14(20μM)を加え、LED照射下(波長595nm)、37℃で30分インキュベートした後、質量分析装置(MALDI-TOF MS)にて反応を追跡した。モデルペプチドとしては酸素化されうる残基を持ったアンジオテンシンIV(AT-4)、メトエンケファリン(ME)、ソマトスタチン(Sat)の3つを選択し、Aβ1-42と同様の酸素化条件に付した(図9)。また、Aβ選択性を示さないコントロールとしてリボフラビンを用いて同様に酸素化実験を行った。その結果、リボフラビンが全てのペプチドに対して一定の酸素化活性を示すのに対し、化合物14はAβ1-42にのみ強い酸素化活性を示し、他のペプチドに関しては全く酸素化が進行しない、又はAβ1-42に比して酸素化が有意に遅いことが示された。
次に、化合物14がAβ凝集体に特徴的なクロスβシート構造を認識して酸素化活性を発現していることを検証するべく、酸素化速度の凝集依存性を調べることにした。O-アシルイソAβ1-42をネイティブAβ1-42に変換した後のインキュベート時間を凝集の進行の指標とし、インキュベート時間によって酸素化速度が変化するか否か確認した(図10)。インキュベートしていないAβ1-42(20μM)またはあらかじめ1時間または3時間インキュベートしたAβ1-42(20μM)を含むリン酸緩衝液(pH7.4)に、被検化合物(それぞれ2μM)を加え、LED照射下(波長595nm)、37℃で10分インキュベートした後、質量分析装置(MALDI-TOF MS)にて反応を追跡した。その結果、インキュベート時間が長いAβ1-42ほど速く酸素化された。すなわち、凝集が進行しクロスβ-シート構造に富んだAβ1-42ほど速く酸素化されることが判明した。以上、化合物14がクロスβ-シート構造を認識して凝集Aβ選択的に酸素化していることが示唆された。
(方法)
Aβをリン酸緩衝液に溶解し(40μM)、37℃にて2時間インキュベートした。次に、化合物16を加えた(1.6μM)。ポリD-リジンコート96穴プレートに播種したラット副腎髄質由来褐色細胞腫PC12細胞(理化学研究所から購入)に、0.1%ウマ血清を含むダルベッコ変法イーグル培地を加えたものを準備し、そこへAβと化合物16を含む上記リン酸緩衝液25μLを加えた。(最終ボリューム:100μL,最終Aβ濃度:10μM,最終化合物16の濃度:0.4μM)その後、本混合液を、LED照射下(波長660nm,10mW)(darkでは光非照射)、37℃で5分間インキュベートした。さらに、細胞反応液を含むプレートを5%CO2雰囲気下、37℃で48時間インキュベートした。最後に、WST-8を含む生細胞数測定試薬SF(10μL:ナカライから購入)を加え、5%CO2雰囲気下、37℃で3時間インキュベートした後、450nm(参照波長:655nm)における吸光度から細胞生存率を測定した。
(結果)
細胞存在下Aβ1-42を酸素化することでその毒性を低減することができるか否か検証することとした。細胞にはラット副腎髄質由来の神経モデル細胞PC12を用い、触媒には水溶性及び酸素化活性に優れる化合物16を用いて細胞生存率試験を行った(図11)。細胞生存率はWST-8による450nmの吸光をプレートリーダーにて測定することで得た。Aβ1-42と化合物16を添加した場合、光を照射しない条件ではAβ1-42のみを添加した場合と同程度の顕著な細胞死が見られた一方で、光照射を行った場合には細胞生存率が有意に向上した。すなわち、触媒がAβ1-42を選択的に酸素化することによって細胞毒性を低減していることが示された。
本発明の一般式(1A)の化合物は、電子ドナー部位と電子アクセプター部位が結合を軸として回転する構造を有する。本発明化合物は、Aβ非存在下で光励起されても、その回転を起こして緩和するために反応を起こさない。一方、アミロイド高次構造に結合して回転が抑制されると、一重項酸素の産生を介した酸素化反応を起こす。このように本発明化合物は活性の切り替えが可能であるため、細胞存在下などの複雑な系においても高選択的にAβ42を酸素化することができるものと考えられる。
Claims (13)
- 次の一般式(1)
R1は、水素原子、アルキル基又は式(b)で表される基を示し;
R3、R4、R5及びR7は、同一又は異なって、水素原子、ハロゲン原子又はアルキル基を示し;
R8は、水素原子又は-(CH2)l-(Y)m-(CH2)n-Z(ここで、Yは-CO-、-CONH-又はトリアゾール環を示し、Zはカルボキシル基、スルホン酸基又は-CO-ペプチド残基を示し、l及びnはそれぞれ1~6の整数を示し、mは0又は1を示す)を示し;
R9及びR10は、同一又は異なって、水素原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、アミノ基、ニトロ基又はシアノ基を示し;
R8とR10は一緒になってアルキレン基を形成してもよい。)
で表されるジピリンホウ素錯体。 - X1及びX2が、同一又は異なって、フルオロC1-C4アルキル基又はハロゲン原子である請求項1記載のジピリンホウ素錯体。
- R2及びR6の一方がハロゲン原子であり、他方が水素原子又はハロゲン原子である請求項1又は2記載のジピリンホウ素錯体。
- R1が前記式(b)で表される基である請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載のジピリンホウ素錯体。
- 次の一般式(1A)
R2及びR6の一方はハロゲン原子を示し、残余は水素原子又はハロゲン原子を示し;
R3、R4、R5及びR7は、同一又は異なって、水素原子、ハロゲン原子又はアルキル基を示し;
R8は、水素原子又は-(CH2)l-(Y)m-(CH2)n-Z(ここで、Yは-CO-、-CONH-又はトリアゾール環を示し、Zはカルボキシル基、スルホン酸基又は-CO-ペプチド残基を示し、l及びnはそれぞれ1~6の整数を示し、mは0又は1を示す)を示し;
R9及びR10は、同一又は異なって、水素原子、アルキル基、アルコキシ基、ハロゲン原子、アミノ基、ニトロ基又はシアノ基を示し;
R8とR10は一緒になってアルキレン基を形成してもよい。)
で表されるジピリンホウ素錯体。 - X1及びX2が、同一又は異なって、フルオロC1-C4アルキル基又はハロゲン原子である請求項5記載のジピリンホウ素錯体。
- R2及びR6の一方がハロゲン原子であり、他方が水素原子又はハロゲン原子である請求項5又は6記載のジピリンホウ素錯体。
- 請求項5~7のいずれか1項記載のジピリンホウ素錯体を有効成分とする医薬。
- 病原性アミロイドが関与する疾患の予防又は治療薬である請求項8記載の医薬。
- 請求項5~7のいずれか1項記載のジピリジンホウ素錯体及び薬学的に許容される担体を含有する医薬組成物。
- 病原性アミロイドが関与する疾患の予防又は治療薬製造のための請求項5~7のいずれか1項記載のジピリンホウ素錯体の使用。
- 病原性アミロイドが関与する疾患を予防又は治療するための、請求項5~7のいずれか1項記載のジピリンホウ素錯体。
- 請求項5~7のいずれか1項記載のジピリンホウ素錯体の有効量を投与することを特徴とする病原性アミロイドが関与する疾患を予防又は治療する方法。
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