WO2016142483A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau à base de particules de bois et durcisseur employé dans ledit matériau pour aminoplaste - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau à base de particules de bois et durcisseur employé dans ledit matériau pour aminoplaste Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2016142483A1
WO2016142483A1 PCT/EP2016/055171 EP2016055171W WO2016142483A1 WO 2016142483 A1 WO2016142483 A1 WO 2016142483A1 EP 2016055171 W EP2016055171 W EP 2016055171W WO 2016142483 A1 WO2016142483 A1 WO 2016142483A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wood
acid
hardener
hydrothermal
lignocellulose
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2016/055171
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Kuncinger
Jürgen GIESSWEIN
Theresa KAISERGRUBER
Original Assignee
Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Og
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Og filed Critical Fritz Egger Gmbh & Co. Og
Priority to PL16712254T priority Critical patent/PL3268190T3/pl
Priority to ES16712254T priority patent/ES2718057T3/es
Priority to EP16712254.8A priority patent/EP3268190B1/fr
Priority to LTEP16712254.8T priority patent/LT3268190T/lt
Publication of WO2016142483A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016142483A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/002—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres characterised by the type of binder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N1/00—Pretreatment of moulding material
    • B27N1/003—Pretreatment of moulding material for reducing formaldehyde gas emission
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
    • B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
    • B27N3/02—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres from particles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the preparation of
  • Wood chipboard materials wood chipboard materials obtainable therefrom and the use of hardeners, which are obtainable from hydrothermally and / or mechanically digested lignocellulose-containing material, for aminoplast resins.
  • Chip-based materials so-called wood chip materials, consist of
  • Wood chip materials find, for example, in the construction industry as an insulating, constructive or cladding element, in the furniture industry and as
  • Chipboard materials are produced from finely divided wood material of various types of wood with the addition of natural and / or synthetic binders as well as other substances.
  • cutting processes are used to recover wood particles. Examples of wood particles are wood flakes, wood strands, wood wafers, wood chips and wood chips.
  • the wood particles are usually dried, glued with a composition (glue liquor) containing a binder and arranged in one or different layers (scattering). Finally, the scattered wood material is pressed under pressure and temperature to the respective desired wood chip material.
  • Wood fiber materials Wood chipboard materials and wood fiber materials as well as their production processes differ fundamentally from each other.
  • Wood fiber materials contain wood as the main component
  • Fiber material This fibrous material is obtained by steaming or cooking (e.g., in a precooker or digester) wood material and by chemical or mechanical disruption (e.g., in a racer) to single fiber, fiber bundles, or fiber debris.
  • wood chip materials as the main component contain chip material, i. Pieces of wood.
  • the chip material is obtained by merely crushing wood material. A treatment by steaming, boiling or by chemical or mechanical disruption as in the
  • Binders for the production of wood chip materials may have one or more constituents. Usually consist or contain binders for the production of wood chipboard resins.
  • Synthetic resins are known to those skilled in principle. Synthetic resins are
  • the condensate resins include, for example
  • Phenol-formaldehyde resins and aminoplast resins are Phenol-formaldehyde resins and aminoplast resins.
  • Aminoplast resins have proved to be particularly practical in connection with the production of wood chip materials. Usually contains one
  • Wood chipboard material at least one aminoplast resin as binder.
  • Aminoplast resins are commonly used in wood chipboard, the
  • lignocellulosic parts or wood particles to connect lignocellulosic parts or wood particles to connect.
  • a single aminoplast resin or mixture of different aminoplast resins can be used.
  • Aminoplast resins are known in the art and e.g. in "Ullmanns Enzyklopadie der ischen Chemie", 4th Edition, Volume 7, pp 403ff .. Aminoplast resins can be obtained by condensation of an amino, imino or amide group-containing component with a carbonyl compound
  • aminoplast resins are, for example, urea and / or melamine (as the amino-containing component) and formaldehyde (as the amino-containing component).
  • Component usually precondensed in a first step with the carbonyl compound to a certain degree.
  • a so-called melamine resin or a urea resin e.g. only melamine or only urea is used as the amino-containing component.
  • melamine resin or a urea resin e.g. only melamine or only urea is used as the amino-containing component.
  • Such melamine and / or urea resins may in particular form the main constituents of aminoplast resins.
  • a second step often as curing
  • the aminoplast resin can then be crosslinked throughout.
  • Resins formed from urea and formaldehyde are also referred to as
  • Urea formaldehyde resins Resins formed from melamine and formaldehyde are referred to as melamine-formaldehyde resin. - -
  • aminoplast resins are mentioned here or elsewhere, they are meant to include aminoplast resin compositions. Aminoplast resins and / or aminoplast resin compositions may also contain water.
  • the curing of synthetic resins, in particular of aminoplast resins, can be carried out, for example, by addition of acidic catalysts.
  • conventional hardeners come into consideration. Hardeners and their reaction to initiate the curing reaction are described, for example, in "Wood Materials and Glues: Technology and Influencing Factors" by M. Dunky and P. Niemz, Springer-Verlag, 2013, pages 265 to 270.
  • the typical hardeners for aminoplast resins have in common, These acids catalyze or initiate the curing reaction
  • Examples of conventional curing agents are strong organic acids, inorganic acids such as sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, salts that are acidic in water such as aluminum chloride and aluminum nitrate (U.S.
  • salts which generate an acid also referred to as acid-generating salts
  • salts which generate an acid also referred to as acid-generating salts
  • formaldehyde such as ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium sulfate and ammonium chloride, and mixtures of the aforementioned substances.
  • Formaldehyde may be harmful to human or animal health and may cause allergies, skin, respiratory or eye irritation. In chronic exposure, it may even be carcinogenic. Therefore, it is desirable.
  • WO 02/068178 A2 describes a method for bonding laminated products with an aminoplast resin, wherein a hardener containing acid, an acid salt and / or an acid-generating salt and a Polmyerdispersion is used.
  • WO 2005/030895 Al describes binder systems, in addition to
  • Aminoplastharzen and N-functionalized copolymers also contain at least one acid, an acidic salt and / or an acid-generating salt.
  • WO 2007/012615 Al describes a hardener composition for
  • An aminoplast resin comprising an acid, an acidic salt and / or an acid-generating salt and an aminoplast resin dispersion having a residual activity of less than or equal to 100 J / g.
  • a disadvantage of the hardener compositions listed in the prior art is that the curing of the resin is difficult to control when using strong acids as a hardener, since the curing can begin even on addition of the acid.
  • Formaldehyde need to form the corresponding strong acid, which then contributes to the curing of the resin.
  • binder compositions (glue fleets) containing hardener systems based on acid-generating salts require an increased formaldehyde content. Normally, this formaldehyde is not permanently bound and can be slowly released after completion of the manufacturing process. Thus, these hardener compositions are not optimal for the production of wood chip materials having a reduced formaldehyde content.
  • ammonium salts can also be problematic for environmental, economic and safety aspects. For one thing
  • Ammonium compounds before, during and after production is a potential source of ammonia, on the other hand is the use of
  • ammonium chloride To critically assess ammonium chloride in terms of recycling and thermal disposal. Furthermore, ammonium nitrate poses a risk during storage because it is fire-promoting and explosive.
  • the inventive method for producing a wood chip material comprises the following steps: a) providing a first lignocellulose-containing material in the form of wood particles;
  • a composition comprising at least one aminoplast resin and at least one first curing agent, wherein the first curing agent
  • further method steps may be carried out before, after and / or between the steps a) to c).
  • Optional steps may be, for example, heating in a preheat container, crushing, storing, mixing, adding further substances, spreading or drying the material used or obtained in steps a) to c).
  • the aminoplast resin used in the process according to the invention may also contain other hardeners
  • the hardener obtained by hydrothermal and / or mechanical pulping of lignocellulose-containing material according to the invention is referred to herein as the "first hardener”.
  • the use of the first hardener can be integrated in a simple manner in conventional processes of the wood industry for the production of wood chip materials. There are no time-consuming intermediate steps or process interruptions required.
  • the first hardener is made
  • a particular embodiment of the invention makes it possible to plant waste that only or not at all for
  • End use are suitable to use for the preparation of the first hardener.
  • the first hardener can be produced in a particularly simple and cost-effective manner.
  • Process for the hydrothermal and / or mechanical digestion of lignocellulosic Material are known to those skilled in the art, for example from the manufacture of fibreboard.
  • the first hardener can be added to the binder composition (glue liquor) in a particularly simple manner and is compatible with it, for example in the case of the use of strong acids sometimes practiced in the prior art, as used, for example, in US Pat
  • the inventive method allows a reduced use of the above-mentioned chemicals.
  • the need for free formaldehyde and / or the amount of conventional hardeners, such as. As acid-generating salts are significantly reduced.
  • the first hardener is an environmentally friendly alternative and / or supplement to the conventional hardeners explained above.
  • this surprising effect of the first hardener appears to be explained by the fact that one or more acids are released during the hydrothermal and / or mechanical digestion. This at least one acid seems to contribute to the curing of the resin.
  • the at least one acid released during the hydrothermal and / or mechanical digestion also appears to be a volatile acid.
  • this acid does not remain or only for a short time in the glue joint of the finished wood chip material. This short residence time of the acid hydrolysis of the glue joint can be largely avoided by this acid.
  • acid may mean a single acid or mixtures of different acids.
  • Transverse tensile strength of the wood chipboard materials produced can be improved. Furthermore, the swelling and / or water absorption of the produced
  • Wood chip materials are significantly reduced.
  • lignocellulosic material plant material containing lignocellulose, lignocellulose according to the invention containing cellulose and / or hemicellulose and lignin.
  • Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide consisting of several hundred to ten thousand cellobiose units, which in turn consist of two molecules of glucose linked by a ⁇ -1,4-glycosidic linkage.
  • Hemicellulose is a collective name for various components of plant cell walls. Hemicelluloses are branched
  • Hemicellulose is composed essentially of various sugar monomers such as glucose, xylose, arabinose, galactose and mannose, which sugars may have acetyl and methyl substituted groups. They have a random, amorphous structure and are readily hydrolyzable.
  • Xylose and arabinose consist for the most part of sugar monomers with five
  • Mannose or galactose consist mainly of sugar monomers with six carbon atoms (hexoses).
  • "Lignins” are amorphous, irregularly branched aromatic macromolecules, which occur in nature as part of cell walls and there the
  • Constructed phenylpropanol units show a lipophilic character and are insoluble in room temperature in neutral solvents, such as water.
  • Precursors of lignin are, for example, p-coumaryl alcohol, coniferyl alcohol and sinapyl alcohol.
  • the molecular weights of lignin are usually between 10,000 and 20,000 g / mol.
  • Hydrolysis within the meaning of the invention may, in particular, the cleavage of a
  • Wood chipboard (chipboard in the broader sense) refers to a product group in the field of wood materials, which are made of wood particles and at least one binder by means of heat and pressure.
  • the latter includes fiberboard such as the medium density (MDF) and high density (HDF) fiberboard Wood-chip materials, the wood used for the production of the fiberboard is used up to the wood fiber,
  • MDF medium density
  • HDF high density
  • wood chip materials examples include particleboard, flat-plate, single-layer, multi-layer, lightweight flat, extruded, extruded (ET - - -
  • Classification of chipboard can be done according to DIN EN 312, whereby the
  • OSB boards can be classified according to their use according to EN 300.
  • wood chip materials can be used for example for laminates, floor coverings,
  • Wood chip materials their production and requirements for these are also in "Paperback of wood technology", A. Wagen1.2, F. Scholz, Carl Hanser Verlag, 2nd edition, 2012 on pages 143 to 146 described.
  • the wood chip material is a
  • Chipboard plate Preferably, the wood chip material is a chipboard or OSB board. Practical experiments have shown that the method according to the invention and the described embodiments are particularly suitable for
  • the wood-chip material or its intermediate or intermediate product, consists essentially of lignocellulose-containing material and
  • Substantially means in this case to 90 wt .-%, 95 wt .-%, 99% by weight or 99.9 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the wood chip material.
  • the wood chip material or its precursor or intermediate, contains other substances.
  • wetting and / or separating agents can be added for an improved pressing process.
  • antifungal agents or fire retardants may be added.
  • the finished lignocellulosic wood chip materials can meet special requirements. Such requirements have already been mentioned above and are known to the person skilled in the art.
  • further substances in the Processes according to the invention are added before, during and / or after one of the steps a) to c).
  • Step a) of the method according to the invention provides for the provision of
  • Wood particles in front If wood particles are mentioned here, then this means any wood particles that can be used for the production of wood chip materials. Wood particles can be any crushed products of
  • Wood particles as used herein, are not wood fibers.
  • first lignocellulose-containing material the wood particles used in step a) are referred to herein as "first lignocellulose-containing material.”
  • second lignocellulose-containing material The material used to produce the hardener is referred to as a "second lignocellulose-containing material”.
  • the first differs from the second lignocellulose-containing material as explained below.
  • a first lignocellulose-containing material which is in the form of wood particles is used in step a).
  • the first lignocellulose-containing material can be produced by comminuting lignocellulose-containing materials.
  • the first lignocellulosic material is provided in the form of wood particles, i. H. it can contain or consist of wood particles.
  • Wood particles as used herein, may contain wood or be made of wood. Examples of wood particles are finely divided wood material, wood chips, wood strands, wood wafers, wood flakes and wood chips. Usually, the wood particles for wood chip materials are obtained by cutting processes. In an optional step, the
  • Wood particles are dried or stored before further processing. It is also possible to admix further substances to the first and / or second lignocellulose-containing material. In principle, various methods are known to those skilled in the art to produce wood chip materials by compression. According to one embodiment of the invention, the wood particles glued in step b) are pressed in step c) into a wood chip material. Preferably, step c) is a hot pressing. Optimum results can be achieved if the press factor during hot pressing is from 2 to 10 s / mm, preferably from 3 to 6 s / mm. Under press factor here in particular the residence time of the lignocellulosic
  • Wood chip material understood in seconds per millimeter thickness or thickness of the finished pressed lignocellulosic wood chip material in the press.
  • Suitable temperatures for the compression in step c) of the process according to the invention or one of its embodiments are temperatures of 150 ° C to 250 ° C, preferably from 160 ° C to 240 ° C, particularly preferably from 180 ° C to 230 ° C. At temperatures in these ranges, the process can be carried out particularly economically.
  • the process according to the invention is a process for producing wood chips from the wood particles used in step a) (referred to herein as "first lignocellulosic material")
  • this process does not involve defibration, steaming, cooking or chemical and / or mechanical pulping (For example, in a refiner) of the first lignocellulosic material, as practiced for example in the production of wood fiber boards.
  • the first lignocellulose-containing material is glued with a composition which comprises at least one aminoplast resin and at least one first hardener. If this is called “Beieimen", then it may be wholly or partially wetting with a
  • binder-containing binder Composition containing a binder
  • compositions of this type are also referred to by the person skilled in the art as "glue liquor”.
  • the binder is an aminoplast resin.
  • the uniform distribution of the binder-containing particles can also be found
  • Mean composition on the wood particles The application of the binder-containing composition can be carried out, for example, by impregnation or spraying, in particular in a blowline.
  • the inventive method comprises the addition of wood particles having a composition comprising at least one aminoplast resin and at least one first curing agent.
  • the curing agent can be added to the aminoplast resin before and / or during the addition of the aminoplast resin to produce the composition.
  • a previously prepared mixture of aminoplast resin and first hardener is used as a composition for adding the wood particles and applied to the wood particles.
  • a composition containing an aminoplast resin and a first hardener is glued by applying a previously prepared mixture of aminoplast resin and first hardener to the wood particles.
  • inventive method in which the curing agent is added to the aminoplast resin only during Beieimens and thus the composition according to the invention is formed only in situ while Beieimen.
  • the curing agent is added to the aminoplast resin only during Beieimens and thus the composition according to the invention is formed only in situ while Beieimen.
  • the aminoplast resin and the curing agent mix to form a composition which contains an aminoplast resin and a first hardener, for example, the aminoplast resin may be applied in a first step and the first hardener applied to the wood particles in a second step become.
  • Aminoplast resin and the first hardener are applied separately to the wood particles.
  • the amount of binder used in the pasting is preferably 0.1 to 20 wt .-%, in particular 1 to 16 wt .-%, more preferably 4 to 14 wt .-%, based on the dry weight of wood (solid resin / atro). For many applications, it is particularly practical if the binder in an amount of 0.1 to 15 wt .-% based on the dry weight of wood (solid resin / atro) is used.
  • Embodiments suitable for a variety of binder-wood particle combinations at least one aminoplast resin is used as the binder.
  • aminoplast resin is used as the binder.
  • other synthetic resins in particular phenoplasts, vinyl acetates, isocyanates, epoxy resins and / or acrylic resins in
  • the binder is an aminoplast resin and one or more
  • aminoplast resins examples include urea-formaldehyde resins (UF), melamine-reinforced urea-formaldehyde resins (MUF), melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde resins (MUPF), polymeric diisocyanates (PMDI) and / or isocyanates or mixtures thereof.
  • UF urea-formaldehyde resins
  • MUPF melamine-reinforced urea-formaldehyde resins
  • MUPF melamine-urea-phenol-formaldehyde resins
  • PMDI polymeric diisocyanates
  • / or isocyanates or mixtures thereof particularly good results can be achieved with urea-formaldehyde resins (UF), melamine-reinforced urea-formaldehyde resins (MUF) or mixtures thereof.
  • the aminoplast resin is obtainable by condensation of an amino group-containing component with a carbonyl compound.
  • Carbonyl compound is preferably formaldehyde.
  • Amino-containing component is preferably melamine and / or urea. More preferably, the aminoplast resin is a melamine resin or a urea resin, especially a melamine-formaldehyde resin or a urea-formaldehyde resin.
  • composition (glue liquor) used in the process according to the invention also contains at least one first hardener.
  • Hardener is a term familiar to one of ordinary skill in the art of making chipboard material Hardeners are catalysts that catalyze, ie, promote or initiate a curing or crosslinking reaction without themselves being consumed in the process the person skilled in the art are known
  • the acid which acts as a hardener, initiates or drives the curing or crosslinking reaction without being consumed.
  • Hardeners are therefore to be distinguished from the starting materials of the aminoplast resin crosslinking reaction, which react with each other during the aminoplast resin curing and are therefore consumed. Likewise, hardeners are also from
  • Additives such as diluents such as lignin, to distinguish, which are functionalized by groups in a position to polymerize into the aminoplast resin.
  • Such additives which during the Aminoplastharz curing - - polymerize and thereby abreact and can be consumed are not covered by the term "hardener”, as used here.
  • the first hardener provided according to the invention is based on lignocellulose-containing material. It is obtained by hydrothermal and / or mechanical pulping of such a lignocellulose-containing material. According to one embodiment, the first hardener used according to the invention therefore contains hydrothermally and / or mechanically digested lignocellulose-containing material or consists thereof.
  • the hardener is obtained from a second lignocellulose-containing material which differs from the first lignocellulose-containing material described above used in step a). This difference exists
  • the second lignocellulose-containing material prefferably come from a different raw material than the first lignocellulose-containing material.
  • the first and second lignocellulose-containing material can thereby
  • the difference in the raw materials in the genus or the compilation of plant species from which the two lignocellulose-containing materials are obtained are obtained.
  • the terms plant species and plant genus are to be understood according to the usual botanical definition (taxon and genus).
  • the first lignocellulosic material according to the invention in the form of
  • the second lignocellulosic material may be derived from a different species of wood than those used as raw material - - was used for the first lignocellulosic material.
  • the raw materials for the first and second lignocellulose-containing material preferably differ in that the second lignocellulose-containing material originates from a raw material that is different from wood, in particular from tree wood.
  • the second is
  • lignocellulosic material selected from the group consisting of annuals, crops, grasses, foliage, cereals, their constituents and waste, or mixtures thereof.
  • Crop is in particular straw, wheat, rye, barley, oats, millet, corn, miscanthus, rice, their constituents, their waste and / or mixtures thereof understood.
  • annual plants they mean plants and / or their constituents, which
  • Contain lignocellulose and from the germination of their seed to the fertilization of their flowering and the maturity of the new seed need a growing season and die after the maturity of the new seed.
  • lignocellulosic materials hydrothermally and / or mechanically
  • hydrothermally and / or mechanically digested material can then be used as the first hardener.
  • Preparation of the first hardener has proven to be economically advantageous.
  • the plants mentioned are easy to cultivate and can be processed easily and in a few process steps.
  • the processing of plant waste not only ensures a low-cost raw material, but also an improved cascade use of plant raw materials.
  • the use of wood, especially tree wood, as a raw material for the production of the first hardener the much longer cultivation times, the significantly increased workload and the cost of processing the wood would be disadvantageous. It has therefore proved to be advantageous according to the invention, when the
  • a method for producing the wood chip material used, so-called "first" lignocellulosic material distinguishes.
  • the second lignocellulosic material contains no wood, especially no tree wood, and also does not come from such raw materials.
  • the raw materials enumerated above for the second lignocellulose-containing material do not fall under the
  • the second lignocellulose-containing material can be used without comminution for the hydrothermal and / or mechanical digestion.
  • the second lignocellulosic material for hydrothermal and / or mechanical pulping may also be pre-shredded. Preferably, this is dry
  • the comminuted second lignocellulosic material may have an average particle size - determined by the mesh size of the screen - of 20 ⁇ to 20 mm, preferably 0.05 ⁇ to 1 mm and more preferably 0.4 ⁇ to 0.4 mm.
  • the average particle sizes stated here are average sieve diameters which are determined by the particles passing through a defined mesh size of a sieve, Methods for the determination of particle sizes are generally known to the person skilled in the art, for example sieve analysis in accordance with DIN 66165 For example, in the screening process, the portion which has passed through the upper sieve but is no longer able to pass through the sieve considered remains in the sieve process can be weighed and represented as a percentage in the form of a particle distribution, from which the mean sieve diameter can also be calculated - - according to DIN 66165. For small particle sizes or particle fractions, microscopic methods can be used to determine the particle size.
  • the comminuted second lignocellulosic material has a
  • Particle size distribution in the at least 70, 80, 90 or 95 wt .-% of the material has a mesh diameter of 20 ⁇ to 20 mm, preferably from 0.05 ⁇ to 1 mm, more preferably from 0.1 ⁇ to 0.4 mm, determined through the mesh of the screen.
  • This particle size distribution can be present before or after the mechanical disruption. Preferably, this relates
  • the particle size or average particle size can be determined such that the particles of the second lignocellulose-containing material, a sieve with a mesh size of 20 mm, preferably of 1 mm, more preferably of 0.4 mm and particularly preferably of 0.2 mm happen. In practice, this means that according to one embodiment of the invention
  • Particle fractions can be used, resulting from particles that pass through these mesh sizes.
  • the mean particle size is determined by a "maximum size" of the particles through the mesh widths defined above
  • These particle sizes may be present before or after the hydrothermal and / or mechanical pulping
  • these particle sizes refer to the material which has already been mechanically comminuted and only a hydrothermal and / or mechanical pulping is subjected.
  • the comminuted second lignocellulose-containing material has a particle size distribution in which at least 70, 80, 90 or 95% by weight of the material has a screen diameter of less than 20 mm, preferably less than 1 mm, less than 0.4 mm or less than 0, 2 mm, each determined by passing a sieve with a corresponding mesh size.
  • the first hardener may have a dry weight of from 5 to 25% by weight, in particular from 10 to 20% by weight, based on the
  • the first hardener in step b) contains an acid which has been released by the hydrothermal and / or mechanical digestion of the second lignocellulose-containing material. This is particularly advantageous because the hydrothermally and / or mechanically digested second lignocellulosic material directly the acid used as a catalyst in the
  • Curing reaction (as described above) can act, contains and does not have to be released first.
  • the second lignocellulose-containing material releases at least one acid during the hydrothermal and / or mechanical digestion in the presence of water and / or heat.
  • preferably weak and / or volatile acids are released during the hydrothermal and / or mechanical digestion.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention is during the hydrothermal and / or mechanical
  • the digestion mentioned in step b) is a simultaneous hydrothermal and mechanical digestion.
  • the second lignocellulosic material described above is much better suited than, for example, tree wood.
  • the second lignocellulose-containing material used according to the invention in particular the above-mentioned plants, have a higher average hemicellulose content than, for example, tree wood, in particular softwood.
  • the release of the acid contributes to the curing of the resin. This is especially the case when the resin can be cured by acid catalysis.
  • the acid catalysis curable resins include, in particular, aminoplast resins.
  • composition containing aminoplast resin Composition containing aminoplast resin. - -
  • the acid released during the hydrothermal and / or mechanical disruption has a molecular weight of from 40 g / mol to 500 g / mol, in particular from 40 g / mol to 250 g / mol.
  • the acid is a Brönsted acid having a pK a of 2 to 8, especially 3 to 6.
  • the acid is a carboxylic acid having a chain length of 1 to 5 carbon atoms. Examples of carboxylic acids are
  • the carboxylic acid is a weak acid. If here or elsewhere weak acids are mentioned, it means that pK a is equal to or greater than 3. With a pK a of the Bronsted acid of less than 3, the binder can be attacked by the acid and is at least partially hydrolyzed.
  • ammonium salts are still after completion of the reaction
  • the carboxylic acid is a volatile acid.
  • volatile acids are formic acid or acetic acid.
  • Volatility of the acid can further contribute to the better stability of the glue joint.
  • One reason for this could be that a volatile acid remains in the glue joint for a shorter time than acids from conventional hardeners. This shorter retention time can reduce or even prevent unwanted hydrolysis of the glue joint.
  • the first hardener is available by hydrothermal and / or mechanical pulping. Suitable temperatures for the hydrothermal and / or
  • lignocellulosic material at a pressure of 3 to 10 bar, in particular at 4 to 8 bar, takes place.
  • the duration of the hydrothermal and / or mechanical digestion is 2 seconds to 40 minutes, in particular 5 seconds to 30 minutes.
  • the hydrothermal and / or mechanical digestion can be carried out in a preheating container, digester and / or refiner.
  • the hydrothermal and / or mechanical digestion is carried out in a digester and / or pressure reactor.
  • hydrothermal and / or mechanical digestion may comprise the following steps:
  • cooker is meant, in particular, a device which is suitable for the hydrothermal digestion of the second lignocellulose-containing material.
  • Pressure reactor is any reaction vessel which constitutes a sealed, delimited space in which a pressure can be built up and that for carrying out the hydrothermal Digestion of the second
  • lignocellulosic material is suitable.
  • the term "refiner” is understood by the person skilled in the art to mean a device for comminuting or defibrating wood, in particular under the effect of pressure. Examples of refiner which are used in practice are Southerland - -
  • Refiner with hollow axle and a movable grinding disc, Fritz refiner with 10 grinding discs, Calfin refiner or hydrorefiner.
  • the hydrothermal digestion in step (i) can be carried out at a temperature of 120 to 180 ° C, in particular at 140 to 160 ° C. Suitable pressures for the
  • hydrothermal digestion are between 3 to 8 bar, especially at 4 to 6 bar.
  • the duration of the digestion can be between 5 and 40 minutes.
  • An opening time of 30 minutes has proved to be advantageous.
  • Good results can be achieved if step (i) is carried out in the presence of water.
  • the use of water vapor has proved to be particularly practical.
  • step (ii) takes place in a refiner.
  • Particularly suitable process temperatures are in a range of 140 to 180 ° C,
  • the duration of the mechanical digestion can be 2 seconds to 5 minutes, in particular 5 seconds to 3 minutes.
  • Embodiment of the invention can be carried out step (ii) in the presence of water, in particular water vapor.
  • Process steps before, after or between steps (i) and (ii) are performed.
  • Optional steps may include heating in a preheat container, crushing, storing, mixing, spreading, adding further substances, or drying the lignocellulosic material or a mixture containing the
  • the binder-containing composition also contains a second hardener in addition to the first curing agent according to the invention.
  • the second hardener may be a conventional hardener described above, in particular an ammonium salt.
  • suitable ammonium salts are ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride and - -
  • Ammonium sulfate Upon reaction with formaldehyde, these ammonium salts form their corresponding acid which acts as an acid catalyst to cure the resin.
  • acids include nitric acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid,
  • first hardener according to the invention is particularly compatible with aminoplast resins and the conventional hardeners conventionally used there. Furthermore, binder compositions containing an aminoplast resin, a first hardener according to the invention and a second hardener have proven to be stable.
  • the binder-containing composition contains 0.1 to 4% by weight of ammonium salt
  • the ammonium salt is
  • Ammonium nitrate and the resin is an aminoplast resin. It is particularly advantageous that the proportion of the conventional second hardener can be reduced by using the first hardener. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the second hardener can be saved up to half or more if the second hardener is used in combination with the first hardener according to the invention.
  • this also means that, for example, in comparison with the sole use of ammonium salts as curing agents for amino resins, significantly less ammonium salt has to be added to the process. As a result of the reduced ammonium salt content, the process also requires less formaldehyde. This allows wood chip materials with reduced
  • Formaldehyde content can be obtained. The same applies to other, explained in the beginning conventional hardener. - -
  • the invention further relates to lignocellulose-containing wood chip materials which have been produced or obtainable by the above-described method according to the invention or its embodiments.
  • a wood chip material can be used particularly well for the production of a laminate, flooring, a worktop, table top, a piece of furniture or a pallet.
  • the invention also relates to the use of the first hardener according to the invention, which was obtained by hydrothermal and / or mechanical pulping of a second lignocellulose-containing material, in an above
  • Wood chip materials In this case applies to the features of the use of the above to the features of the method or its embodiments executed accordingly.
  • Wood chip materials according to a preferred
  • Embodiment of the inventive use of the first hardener an acid free.
  • the first hardener releases acetic acid and / or formic acid.
  • conventional hardeners are kept or even improved. Also, by using the first hardener itself, while reducing the amount of conventional hardeners, an improvement in swelling behavior and / or water absorption can be achieved. One reason for this could be that the acid released during hydrothermal and / or mechanical digestion is free and volatilises more rapidly than conventional hardeners. This creates a neutral glue joint, which positively influences the characteristics of the wood chip material described above. - -
  • Lignocellulose-containing material was used straw.
  • the digestion of the lignocellulose-containing material was carried out in a discontinuous single-disc refiner (Sprout Waldron).
  • the refiner was filled with the material and steam (160 ° C) was introduced into the cyclone.
  • the material remained at 160 ° C and 6 bar for about 2 minutes in the refiner, then the cyclone was opened and the material was transported out via the screw and a 2.5 mm valve within about 5 minutes.
  • the lignocellulose-containing material was pre-shredded dry in an Ecopulser (Krause Maschinenbau GmbH) and screened (Retsch AS 200). The particle fraction smaller than 0.6 mm was then in a pressure reactor (Büchiglasuster Cyclon 300) at 160 ° C and 5 to 6 bar below about 1: 5
  • Coating degree 8.0% by weight, based on the total mass of the chipboard
  • First lignocellulosic material wood shavings
  • Second hardener ammonium nitrate
  • the first hardener used was the lignocellulose-containing material prepared according to Example 1 in dosages of 1, 3, 6 and 10% by weight of the solid, based on the solid resin fraction (hereinafter% solid / FH) Quantities of 1, 1.5, 2 and 3% fixed / FH.
  • the treated lignocellulosic material was added to the sizing liquor
  • each test specimen was bonded by means of a hot melt adhesive with two aluminum yokes on the top and bottom and then pulled apart after cooling on the testing machine (Zwick Zmart.Pro) at a constant test speed of 1 mm / min.
  • the determination of the thickness swelling after 24 hours of water storage was carried out according to DIN EN 317.
  • the test specimens were stored for this purpose at a water temperature of 20 ° C for 24 h under water. Subsequently, the increase in thickness was determined relative to the starting thickness and the percentage thickness swelling was calculated.
  • ammonium nitrate and plates containing the first hardener (digested material of Example 1) and ammonium nitrate as the second hardener were made with the following hardener compositions:
  • the reference plates 1 and 2 were made without the addition of the first hardener.
  • the test plates 1 to 3 were produced with the first hardener of variant 1 from example 1 and the test plates 4 and 5 were produced with the first hardener of variant 2 from example 1.
  • test panels were each made at least twice and determines the transverse tensile strength, the swelling and the water absorption.
  • the measurements below are averages of at least two plates.
  • the transverse tensile strength was determined for reference plates 1 and 2 and experimental plates 1 to 3. The results are shown in Diagram 1.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Dry Formation Of Fiberboard And The Like (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de matériaux à base de particules de bois. Ledit procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : a) utilisation d'un premier matériau, contenant de la lignocellulose, sous forme de particules de bois ; b) collage du premier matériau contenant de la lignocellulose avec une composition qui comprend au moins une résine aminoplaste et au moins un premier durcisseur, le premier durcisseur étant obtenu par dissolution hydrothermique et/ou mécanique d'un second matériau contenant de la lignocellulose tandis que le second matériau contenant de la lignocellulose provient d'une autre matière brute que le premier matériau contenant de la lignocellulose ; et c) compresser en un matériau à base de particules de bois. La présente invention concerne en outre un matériau à base de particules de bois qui est obtenu par ce procédé et l'emploi d'un matériau, contenant de la lignocellulose, dissolu de manière hydrothermique et/ou mécanique en tant que durcisseur pour la résine aminoplaste dans un procédé de fabrication d'un matériau à base de particules de bois.
PCT/EP2016/055171 2015-03-10 2016-03-10 Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau à base de particules de bois et durcisseur employé dans ledit matériau pour aminoplaste WO2016142483A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL16712254T PL3268190T3 (pl) 2015-03-10 2016-03-10 Sposób wytwarzania tworzywa drzewnego wiórowego i stosowane w nim utwardzacze do aminoplastów
ES16712254T ES2718057T3 (es) 2015-03-10 2016-03-10 Procedimiento para la fabricación de un material de virutas de madera y endurecedores para aminoplásticos empleados
EP16712254.8A EP3268190B1 (fr) 2015-03-10 2016-03-10 Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau à base de particules de bois et durcisseur employé dans ledit matériau pour aminoplaste
LTEP16712254.8T LT3268190T (lt) 2015-03-10 2016-03-10 Medienos gabaliukų medžiagos gavimo būdas ir jame naudojami kietikliai aminoplastams

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102015103511.1 2015-03-10
DE102015103511.1A DE102015103511B4 (de) 2015-03-10 2015-03-10 Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Holzspanwerkstoffs und darin verwendete Härter für Aminoplaste

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016142483A1 true WO2016142483A1 (fr) 2016-09-15

Family

ID=55640689

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2016/055171 WO2016142483A1 (fr) 2015-03-10 2016-03-10 Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau à base de particules de bois et durcisseur employé dans ledit matériau pour aminoplaste

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3268190B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102015103511B4 (fr)
ES (1) ES2718057T3 (fr)
HU (1) HUE042217T2 (fr)
LT (1) LT3268190T (fr)
PL (1) PL3268190T3 (fr)
TR (1) TR201904393T4 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016142483A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020226600A2 (fr) 2019-05-06 2020-11-12 Alpay Aytekin Composition utilisée pour le revêtement de composés inorganiques utilisés dans la production de revêtement de plancher lamellé
DE102020128378A1 (de) 2020-10-28 2022-04-28 Ava Biochem Ag Verfahren zur herstellung eines verbundwerkstoffs

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60210406A (ja) * 1984-04-03 1985-10-22 Sadao Nishibori 木質床材
WO2002068178A2 (fr) 2001-02-26 2002-09-06 Dynea Wood And Speciality Adhesives Procede de collage
WO2005030895A1 (fr) 2003-09-26 2005-04-07 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Systeme de liant contenant des resines aminoplastes, des copolymeres formes a partir de monomeres ethyleniquement insatures a fonction n, et eventuellement du vinyl alcool et des acides
DE102004010796A1 (de) * 2004-03-05 2005-09-22 Roffael, Edmone, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Verfahren zur Verminderung der Formaldehydabgabe von Lignocellulose haltigen Holzwerkstoffen, insbesondere von mitteldichten Faserplatten (MDF)
WO2007012615A1 (fr) 2005-07-27 2007-02-01 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Composition de durcisseur pour resine aminoplaste

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4414361A (en) 1981-08-17 1983-11-08 Atlantic Richfield Company Organic polyisocyanate-cyclic alkylene carbonate adhesive binder compositions
DE102005019627B3 (de) 2005-04-26 2006-10-26 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung von mitteldichten Faserplatten und Faserformteilen mit verringerter Emission und niedriger Dickenquellung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS60210406A (ja) * 1984-04-03 1985-10-22 Sadao Nishibori 木質床材
WO2002068178A2 (fr) 2001-02-26 2002-09-06 Dynea Wood And Speciality Adhesives Procede de collage
WO2005030895A1 (fr) 2003-09-26 2005-04-07 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Systeme de liant contenant des resines aminoplastes, des copolymeres formes a partir de monomeres ethyleniquement insatures a fonction n, et eventuellement du vinyl alcool et des acides
DE102004010796A1 (de) * 2004-03-05 2005-09-22 Roffael, Edmone, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Verfahren zur Verminderung der Formaldehydabgabe von Lignocellulose haltigen Holzwerkstoffen, insbesondere von mitteldichten Faserplatten (MDF)
WO2007012615A1 (fr) 2005-07-27 2007-02-01 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Composition de durcisseur pour resine aminoplaste

Non-Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"Holzwerkstoffe und Leime", 31 December 2002, SPRINGER-VERLAG, ISBN: 978-3-540-42980-7, article MANFRED DUNKY ET AL: "Holzwerkstoffe und Leime", pages: 265 - 267, XP055278764 *
"Römpps Chemie-Lexikon", 1973, FRANKH'SCHE VERLAGSHANDLUNG, pages: 1893
"Ullmanns Enzyklopädie der technischen Chemie", vol. 7, pages: 403FF
A. WAGENFÜHR; F. SCHOLZ: "Taschenbuch der Holztechnik", 2012, CARL HANSER VERLAG, pages: 143 - 146
C. MORTIMER: "Basiswissen der Chemie", 2001, THIEME, pages: 281 - 290
DATABASE WPI Week 198548, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1985-300990 *
JONATHAN CLAYDEN; NICK GREEVES: "Organic Chemistry", 2012, STUART WARREN, pages: 163 - 181
KEHR E ET AL: "FEUCHTEBESTAENDIGKEIT UND HYDROLYSERESISTENZ VON HOLZ-ZU-HOLZ-BINDUNGEN IN SPANPLATTEN, HERGESTELLT MIT FORMALDEHYDARMEN MODIFIZIERTEN HARNSTOFF-FORMALDEHYDHARZEN UNTER EINSATZ VERSCHIEDENER HAERTUNGSBESCHLEUNIGERSYSTEME TEIL 1:. \EIGENSCHAFTEN VON UNMODIFIZIERTEN UND MODIFIZIERTEN HARNSTOFF-FORMALD", HOLZ ALS ROH- UND WERKSTOFF, SPRINGER-VERLAG. BERLIN, DE, vol. 51, no. 3, 1 May 1993 (1993-05-01), pages 197 - 207, XP000360949, ISSN: 0018-3768 *
VON M. DUNKY; P. NIEMZ: "Holzwerkstoffe und Leime: Technologie und Einflussfaktoren", 2013, SPRINGER-VERLAG, pages: 265 - 270

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL3268190T3 (pl) 2019-06-28
TR201904393T4 (tr) 2019-05-21
EP3268190B1 (fr) 2019-01-23
DE102015103511B4 (de) 2018-09-20
ES2718057T3 (es) 2019-06-27
HUE042217T2 (hu) 2019-06-28
DE102015103511A1 (de) 2016-09-15
EP3268190A1 (fr) 2018-01-17
LT3268190T (lt) 2019-04-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP3178622B1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'une plaque en matériau dérivé du bois présentant une émission réduit de composés organiques volatiles (cov)
EP1780243B2 (fr) Composition de liant pour matériaux à base de bois
WO2007071387A2 (fr) Fibre vegetale, element moule a base de fibres et procede de production de fibres vegetales dotees de novolak
EP3268190B1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau à base de particules de bois et durcisseur employé dans ledit matériau pour aminoplaste
DE69730412T2 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Celluloseverbundwerkstoffen
DE102006062285B4 (de) Faserplatte und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
EP2644340B1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication de matières dérivées du bois à partir de lignocellulose contenant des produits de broyage et une telle matière dérivée du bois
DE102010001719B4 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Verbundwerkstoffen
EP2974841B1 (fr) Procede de fabrication d'un panneau de fibres
EP3733367B1 (fr) Matériaux dérivés du bois et compositions de liant
EP3733366B1 (fr) Liant destiné à la fabrication de matériaux dérivé du bois
WO2009080748A1 (fr) Dérivés de glyoxal en tant que liants et agents de réticulation
DE102007054123A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Holzfaserplatten mit verringerter Formaldehydemission, hoher Feuchtebeständigkeit und Hydrolyseresistenz der Verleimung
DE10124638A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von mit Tanninformaldehydharzen gebundenen Holzspan-und Holzfaserplatten
EP3694641B1 (fr) Système de support poreux destiné à réduire l'émission de formaldéhyde dans un matériau dérivé du bois
DE4306439C1 (de) Formkörper, insbesondere in Form einer Faserplatte, und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
EP3383605B1 (fr) Panneau de fibres à résistance accrue contre toute attaque fongique, et procédé de fabrication
EP4122662A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication de panneau fibreux à émission réduite de cov
EP0067426A1 (fr) Fabrication de planches de construction par utilisation de liant isocyanate-aldéhyde
DE10260966A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Bindemittelflotte sowie deren Verwendung
DE102008023007A1 (de) Verfahren zur Herstellung von Holzfaserplatten mit verringerter Formaldehydemission, hoher Feuchtebeständigkeit und Hydrolyseresistenz der Verleimung

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 16712254

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

DPE1 Request for preliminary examination filed after expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101)
REEP Request for entry into the european phase

Ref document number: 2016712254

Country of ref document: EP

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE