WO2016139600A1 - Appareil de freinage pour un essieu d'un véhicule électrique - Google Patents

Appareil de freinage pour un essieu d'un véhicule électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016139600A1
WO2016139600A1 PCT/IB2016/051179 IB2016051179W WO2016139600A1 WO 2016139600 A1 WO2016139600 A1 WO 2016139600A1 IB 2016051179 W IB2016051179 W IB 2016051179W WO 2016139600 A1 WO2016139600 A1 WO 2016139600A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
braking apparatus
axle
actuating means
electric vehicle
brake
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2016/051179
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Andrea Torcelli
Marco Ricci
Massimiliano FRANCHINI
Original Assignee
Bonfiglioli Riduttori S.P.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bonfiglioli Riduttori S.P.A. filed Critical Bonfiglioli Riduttori S.P.A.
Priority to DE112016001012.5T priority Critical patent/DE112016001012T5/de
Publication of WO2016139600A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016139600A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
    • B60T1/062—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels acting on transmission parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D55/00—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes
    • F16D55/24—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with a plurality of axially-movable discs, lamellae, or pads, pressed from one side towards an axially-located member
    • F16D55/26—Brakes with substantially-radial braking surfaces pressed together in axial direction, e.g. disc brakes with a plurality of axially-movable discs, lamellae, or pads, pressed from one side towards an axially-located member without self-tightening action
    • F16D55/36—Brakes with a plurality of rotating discs all lying side by side
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D59/00—Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed
    • F16D59/02—Self-acting brakes, e.g. coming into operation at a predetermined speed spring-loaded and adapted to be released by mechanical, fluid, or electromagnetic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • F16D65/18—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes
    • F16D65/186—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake adapted for drawing members together, e.g. for disc brakes with full-face force-applying member, e.g. annular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
    • F16H57/10—Braking arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/02—Fluid pressure
    • F16D2121/04—Fluid pressure acting on a piston-type actuator, e.g. for liquid pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/20—Electric or magnetic using electromagnets
    • F16D2121/22—Electric or magnetic using electromagnets for releasing a normally applied brake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/24—Electric or magnetic using motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2127/00—Auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2127/06—Locking mechanisms, e.g. acting on actuators, on release mechanisms or on force transmission mechanisms

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a braking apparatus for an axle of an electric vehicle.
  • the present invention relates to a braking apparatus of an electric vehicle with an axle equipped with two wheels driven by two independent electric engines, one for each wheel.
  • Electric vehicles of this kind can be, for example, a yard forklift, an overhead platform, a towing trolley, etc.
  • Axles of this kind further include a planetary gear for each wheel, a parking brake unit, common to the two drive wheels, and a service brake unit, which is also common to the two drive wheels.
  • the parking brake may, instead, be of the "normally closed” type and is actuated through hydraulic actuating ' means, or electric means comprising a coil.
  • the parking brake is always on (for safety reasons) until the electric vehicle is set into motion by the operator. That is to say, when the operator commands the starting of the electric vehicle, an electronic control system generates a signal which, by making an electric current passes through the coils, generates an electromagnetic force that moves a piston, which releases the parking brake so that the vehicle moves.
  • the main aim of the present invention is to provide a braking apparatus provided with a parking brake, which overcomes the drawback described above and is, at the same time, easy and inexpensive to manufacture.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates an exploded view of an axle of an electric vehicle incorporating a braking apparatus according to the teachings of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows an enlarged and partially sectioned portion of the axle illustrated in Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 illustrates a first view of some details belonging to the braking apparatus object of the present invention.
  • Figure 4 shows a second view of some details belonging to the braking apparatus object of the present invention .
  • number 1000 designates an axle of an electric vehicle (not illustrated in its entirety) ; said axle 1000 comprising a braking apparatus 100 according to the teachings of the present invention.
  • the axle 1000 has a longitudinal axis (X) of substantial symmetry.
  • the braking ' apparatus 100 comprises a service brake 50 and an actuator for the parking brake 70.
  • the axle 1000 comprises two side casings (CRTL) arranged symmetrically with respect to a central casing (CRTC) ( Figure 1); each side casing (CRTL) containing in its interior a respective electric traction engine (not illustrated) , Each side casing (CRTL) is coupled, by means of a respective flange (FLG) , to a respective reduction box (not shown) , which is in tur connected by known means to a respective wheel (not illustrated) .
  • CRTC central casing
  • Figure 1 each side casing (CRTL) containing in its interior a respective electric traction engine (not illustrated)
  • Each side casing (CRTL) is coupled, by means of a respective flange (FLG) , to a respective reduction box (not shown) , which is in tur connected by known means to a respective wheel (not illustrated) .
  • Each gear box contains in its interior a respective mechanical gear, for example, of the planetary type (not illustrated) , which is used, as is known, to reduce the number of output revolutions from the respective electric traction engine, and hence, consequently, to increase the active torque on the wheel.
  • a respective mechanical gear for example, of the planetary type (not illustrated) , which is used, as is known, to reduce the number of output revolutions from the respective electric traction engine, and hence, consequently, to increase the active torque on the wheel.
  • each electric traction engine makes a respective grooved shaft (SHS) jutting out towards the central casing (CRTC) rotate.
  • SHS grooved shaft
  • CRTC central casing
  • each grooved shaft (SHS) is coupled with a respective rotating disc brake (not illustrated) bearing, on its interior, teeth which are coupled to the grooves of said grooved shaft (SHS) .
  • the two rotating disc brakes are contained in a disc brake holder 60 enclosed in the central casing (CRTC) , which is common to the service brake 50 and the parking brake 70.
  • CRTC central casing
  • the disc brake holder 60 comprises, for example, three fixed disc brakes that do not move with respect to the central casing (CRTC) .
  • the fixed disc brakes must be three in number so that each rotating disc brake is included between two fixed disc brakes.
  • springs are interposed between the disc brakes (rotating and fixed) , said springs being suitable to return the disc brake holder to the initial configuration once the braking action (both service and parking) is over.
  • One or more ears 61 (three can be seen in Figure 1, by way of example) jut out from the perimeter of the disc brake holder 60 to fix (by known means and not illustrated) said disc brake holder 60 to the central casing (CRTC) .
  • the service brake 50 comprises, in a known manner, a piston 51 (substantially axi symmetrical in shape) suitable to act on the brake discs of the disc brake holder 60.
  • This piston 51 is activated by an actuating device 52, for example, of the hydraulic type (but it could also be electric, or of any other type) .
  • the piston 51 moves back once the "positive" signal, applied as a result of the force of separating springs and the viscous force which originates between the disc brakes, ceases.
  • the parking brake 70 (of the normally closed type) , it comprises a piston 71 (made of a ferromagnetic material and substantially cylindrical in shape) , which normally presses the disc holder (mobile and fixed) so that the discs are pressed against each other, thus holding the axle 1000 braked due to the thrust of a plurality of springs 74 (in this embodiment the springs are of the coil type) .
  • a coil 72 (which acts as an electromagnet) , mounted on a flange 73, attracts the piston 71 towards it (in a direction identified by an arrow (F3) ) overcoming the elastic resistance exerted by the coil springs 74 having an axis parallel to the axis (X) ; said coil springs 74 being arranged, precisely, between the piston 71 and a front face 73A of the flange 73 on which the coil 72 is located.
  • the outer circular edge 71A. of the piston 71 has been provided with a. circular frame 7 IB jutting outwards.
  • the circular frame 7 IB has a plurality of recesses 71C spaced, an equal distance apart from one another.
  • the solution chosen in the present case consists of four recesses 71C, each of which is arranged at 90° with respect to the two adjacent recesses.
  • the parking brake 70 comprises a mechanical device for locking/unlocking 80 the piston 71 in the open position.
  • the mechanical device for locking/unlocking 80 comprises, in turn, a ring 81 provided with projections 82 that jut out internally and radially in the direction of the axis (Z) .
  • the number of projections 82 present on the ring 81 is equal to the number of the recesses 71C on. the protruding circular frame 7 IB.
  • the rotation of the ring 81 about the axis (Z) (arrow (F4)) is performed by an actuator 83 that acts tangential ly to said ring 81.
  • the actuator 83 is also of the electric type.
  • the actuator 83 overcomes the elastic resistance of a spring (not illustrated) , and that the mechanism is held fixed without any waste of electric power thanks to the thrust (and the friction) exerted by the piston 71 on the ring 81 through the coil springs 74.
  • the possibility of connecting the actuator 83 with a cable is also envisaged, so that, in case of a failure, the ring 81 can be rotated manually from the outside to manually release the parking brake 70 after pushing the piston 71 back following the application of a manual control on the piston 51 of the service brake 50.
  • the main advantage of the braking apparatus according to the present invention consists in that, by using a simple mechanical device for locking/unlocking the piston, the amount of electric power needed to hold the parking brake open is almost zero.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil de freinage (100) pour un essieu (1000) d'un véhicule électrique. L'appareil de freinage (100) comprend un frein de service (50) et un frein de stationnement (70). L'appareil de freinage (100) est caractérisé en ce que le frein de stationnement (70) comprend, à son tour, un dispositif mécanique de verrouillage/déverrouillage (80) d'un piston d'actionnement (71) apte à agir sur un porte-frein à disque commun (60).
PCT/IB2016/051179 2015-03-02 2016-03-02 Appareil de freinage pour un essieu d'un véhicule électrique WO2016139600A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112016001012.5T DE112016001012T5 (de) 2015-03-02 2016-03-02 Bremsvorrichtung für eine Achse eines elektrischen Fahrzeugs

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITBO20150107 2015-03-02
ITBO2015A000107 2015-03-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016139600A1 true WO2016139600A1 (fr) 2016-09-09

Family

ID=52815088

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2016/051179 WO2016139600A1 (fr) 2015-03-02 2016-03-02 Appareil de freinage pour un essieu d'un véhicule électrique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE112016001012T5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2016139600A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024114850A1 (fr) * 2022-11-28 2024-06-06 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Système de freinage

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1504073A (en) * 1975-08-27 1978-03-15 Caterpillar Tractor Co Annular single piston brake arrangement
WO1988002324A1 (fr) * 1986-09-30 1988-04-07 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Ag Boite de vitesses a frein integre pour vehicule
DE19922651A1 (de) * 1999-05-18 2000-11-23 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Radantrieb für ein Mobilfahrzeug
EP2481621A1 (fr) * 2011-01-28 2012-08-01 Deere & Company Agencement de commande finale pour un véhicule
CN203974410U (zh) * 2014-07-19 2014-12-03 广东富华重工制造有限公司 111吨刚性驱动桥
EP2910395A2 (fr) * 2014-02-19 2015-08-26 Fairfield Manufacturing Company, Inc. Engrenage planétaire solidaire d'un frein de service intégral

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1504073A (en) * 1975-08-27 1978-03-15 Caterpillar Tractor Co Annular single piston brake arrangement
WO1988002324A1 (fr) * 1986-09-30 1988-04-07 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Ag Boite de vitesses a frein integre pour vehicule
DE19922651A1 (de) * 1999-05-18 2000-11-23 Zahnradfabrik Friedrichshafen Radantrieb für ein Mobilfahrzeug
EP2481621A1 (fr) * 2011-01-28 2012-08-01 Deere & Company Agencement de commande finale pour un véhicule
EP2910395A2 (fr) * 2014-02-19 2015-08-26 Fairfield Manufacturing Company, Inc. Engrenage planétaire solidaire d'un frein de service intégral
CN203974410U (zh) * 2014-07-19 2014-12-03 广东富华重工制造有限公司 111吨刚性驱动桥

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2024114850A1 (fr) * 2022-11-28 2024-06-06 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Système de freinage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE112016001012T5 (de) 2017-11-23

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