WO2016138756A1 - Oled像素单元及其驱动方法、oled显示装置 - Google Patents

Oled像素单元及其驱动方法、oled显示装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016138756A1
WO2016138756A1 PCT/CN2015/089762 CN2015089762W WO2016138756A1 WO 2016138756 A1 WO2016138756 A1 WO 2016138756A1 CN 2015089762 W CN2015089762 W CN 2015089762W WO 2016138756 A1 WO2016138756 A1 WO 2016138756A1
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Prior art keywords
driving
light emitting
light
unit
pixel unit
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PCT/CN2015/089762
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
李永谦
李全虎
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to EP15831204.1A priority Critical patent/EP3267433A4/en
Priority to US14/912,518 priority patent/US9881549B2/en
Publication of WO2016138756A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016138756A1/zh

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    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3233—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the current through the light-emitting element
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
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    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3225—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix
    • G09G3/3258—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED] using an active matrix with pixel circuitry controlling the voltage across the light-emitting element
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    • G09G2300/0421—Structural details of the set of electrodes
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    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G09G2300/0809—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels
    • G09G2300/0842—Several active elements per pixel in active matrix panels forming a memory circuit, e.g. a dynamic memory with one capacitor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2310/00—Command of the display device
    • G09G2310/02—Addressing, scanning or driving the display screen or processing steps related thereto
    • G09G2310/0235—Field-sequential colour display
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
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    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
    • G09G2320/0646—Modulation of illumination source brightness and image signal correlated to each other

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of display technologies, and in particular, to an OLED pixel unit and a driving method thereof, and an OLED display device.
  • each pixel unit generally includes three sub-pixels.
  • Each sub-pixel includes an OLED that is driven by a drive module to emit light of a corresponding color.
  • the OLED display device causes each pixel unit to display different brightness and color by controlling parameters such as brightness and color saturation of light emitted by the OLED in each sub-pixel.
  • the drive module includes a plurality of transistors and at least one capacitor.
  • Figure 1 shows a drive module that includes a smaller number of transistors and capacitors.
  • the driving module includes a switching transistor T1, a driving transistor M1, and a storage capacitor C1.
  • the current for driving the OLED to emit light is:
  • Vgs is a voltage difference between the gate and the source of the driving transistor M1
  • ⁇ is a parameter related to a process parameter and a feature size of the driving transistor M1
  • Vth is a threshold voltage of the driving transistor M1.
  • an OLED in each sub-pixel is driven by a separate driving module and simultaneously emits light.
  • This configuration makes the number of driving modules in each pixel unit equal to the number of sub-pixels, so that the number of driving modules is large, which requires setting more transistors, storage capacitors, and signal lines in each pixel unit, thereby This will result in a larger area occupied by each pixel unit, which is disadvantageous for the increase in pixel density in the OLED display device.
  • embodiments of the present invention provide an OLED pixel unit, a driving method of an OLED pixel unit, and an OLED display device, which can reduce the number of driving modules, thereby reducing the occupation of each OLED pixel unit.
  • the area helps to increase the pixel density of the OLED display device.
  • One embodiment of the present invention provides an OLED pixel unit including a driving module, a selection module, and a lighting module.
  • the number of the driving modules is M
  • the lighting module includes N lighting units, where M ⁇ N.
  • the N light emitting units are respectively used to emit light of N colors capable of realizing full color display.
  • Each driving module generates at most one driving current in one frame to drive one lighting unit to emit light, and at least one driving module generates a driving current in the multi-frame picture for driving different illumination in the multi-frame picture.
  • the unit emits light, so that the M driving modules drive N light emitting units to emit light in n frames, wherein 2 ⁇ n ⁇ N.
  • the selection module is configured to perform gating such that the illumination unit to be illuminated in each frame of the picture is connected to the corresponding driving module.
  • the plurality of light emitting units may be connected in parallel, and the selection module may include a switching device disposed on a branch where each of the light emitting units is located.
  • the switching device may be a thin film transistor, and the control electrode of the thin film transistor is connected to the control voltage terminal, and the first pole and the second pole of the thin film transistor are respectively connected to the driving module and the light emitting unit.
  • the light emitting unit can also be connected to a low voltage end.
  • the light emitting unit may be an OLED.
  • the number of the driving modules may be one.
  • the number of the light emitting units may be three.
  • the three light emitting units can respectively emit red, green, and blue light.
  • Each of the drive modules may include a switching transistor, a drive transistor, and a storage capacitor.
  • a control electrode of the switching transistor is connected to a gate line
  • a first pole of the switching transistor is connected to a data line
  • a second pole of the switching transistor is opposite to a control electrode of the driving transistor and a first end of the storage capacitor connection.
  • a first pole of the driving transistor is coupled to a high voltage terminal
  • a second pole of the driving transistor is coupled to the selection module and a second terminal of the storage capacitor.
  • each driving module generates N driving currents in an n-frame picture to drive N light-emitting units to emit light, so that the OLED pixel unit displays one pixel in an n-frame picture, and the first light is emitted.
  • the time interval between the lighting timing of the lighting unit and the lighting timing of the last illuminated lighting unit is controlled within the visual retention time range of the human eye.
  • the number of the driving modules may be one, and the driving module respectively generates N driving currents corresponding to the N lighting units in the N frame picture, and selects a module and one in each frame picture.
  • the light emitting unit is connected to drive the light emitting unit to emit light.
  • the light emitting module includes a red light emitting unit, a green light emitting unit, and a blue light emitting unit.
  • the driving module generates a first driving current to drive the red light emitting unit to emit red light.
  • the driving module generates a second driving current to drive the green light emitting unit to emit green light.
  • the driving module generates a third driving current to drive the blue light emitting unit to emit blue light.
  • Yet another embodiment of the present invention provides an OLED display device including the above OLED pixel unit.
  • At least one of the M driving modules generates a driving current in a multi-frame picture for driving different light-emitting units to emit light in the multi-frame picture, so that each frame
  • the number of light-emitting units that emit light in the picture is less than N, so that the number of drive modules in the OLED pixel unit can be made smaller than the number of light-emitting units.
  • such a configuration reduces the number of driving modules, and can reduce the area occupied by each OLED pixel unit, thereby contributing to an increase in pixel density of the OLED display device.
  • a driving current is generated in a multi-frame picture by at least one driving module, and different lighting units are driven to emit light in the multi-frame picture, so that each frame of the image is illuminated.
  • the number of light emitting units is less than N, so that the number of driving modules in the OLED pixel unit can be made smaller than the number of light emitting units.
  • such a configuration reduces the number of driving modules, and can reduce the area occupied by each OLED pixel unit, thereby contributing to an increase in pixel density of the OLED display device.
  • the OLED display device provided by the embodiment of the invention can reduce the occupied area of each OLED pixel unit by using the OLED pixel unit, thereby contributing to increasing the pixel density of the OLED display device.
  • FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a driving module in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an OLED pixel unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of control signals for illumination of respective light emitting units in an OLED pixel unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the OLED pixel unit includes a driving module 1, a selection module 2, and a light emitting module 3.
  • the OLED pixel unit of this embodiment includes a driving module 1 including three illuminating lights for emitting three colors of light (for example, red light, green light, and blue light) capable of full color display. a unit, the light emitting unit being an OLED.
  • the driving module 1 generates a driving current in one frame to drive one lighting unit to emit light
  • the selection module 2 is used for gating so that the lighting unit to be illuminated in each frame is connected to the driving module 1.
  • one driving module is provided for three light emitting units, and the light emission of the three light emitting units constituting one pixel is completed in three frames.
  • the present embodiment can reduce the number of the driving modules 1 in each OLED pixel unit, and contribute to improving the pixel density of the OLED display device.
  • the OLED pixel unit of the present invention is not limited to the one shown in FIG.
  • it may include M driving modules 1, and the lighting module 3 may include N lighting units, and the lighting unit may be an OLED, where M ⁇ N.
  • the N light emitting units are respectively used to emit light of N colors capable of realizing full color display.
  • Each of the driving modules 1 generates at most one driving current in one frame to drive one lighting unit to emit light, and at least one driving module 1 generates a driving current in the multi-frame picture for driving in the multi-frame picture.
  • the different light emitting units emit light, so that the M driving modules 1 drive N light emitting units to emit light in n frames, wherein 2 ⁇ n ⁇ N.
  • the selection module 2 is configured to perform gating such that the illumination unit to be illuminated in each frame of the picture is connected to the corresponding drive module 1.
  • M ⁇ N that is, the number of the driving modules 1 is smaller than the number of the light emitting units included in the light emitting module 3, compared with the prior art, the OLED pixel unit provided in this embodiment
  • the number of drive modules 1 is smaller, which can reduce the area occupied by each OLED pixel unit, thereby contributing to an increase in the pixel density of the OLED display device.
  • the drive current is generated in the multi-frame picture by the at least one driving module 1, and the different light-emitting units are driven to emit light in the multi-frame picture, so that the M driving modules can be in the n-frame picture.
  • Generating N driving currents to respectively drive N light emitting units to emit light that is, driving N driving units to drive light by M driving modules 1 so that the OLED pixel unit displays N colors of one pixel in the n frame picture Component.
  • one of the two driving modules 1 can be set to generate a driving current in two frames, in which two lighting units are driven to emit light, and the other driving Module 1 can generate a driving current in the first frame picture to drive another light emitting unit to emit light, and no driving current is generated in the second frame picture (of course, the other driving module 1 can also be in the second frame picture. A drive current is generated, and no drive current is generated in the first frame picture).
  • the OLED pixel unit displays one pixel through n frames. Therefore, compared with the technical solution of displaying one pixel in one frame of the prior art, when the refresh rate of the display device is the same, the number of image frames displayed by the OLED display device of the OLED pixel unit provided by the embodiment is more less. In this case, an image of more frames can be displayed per unit time by increasing the refresh rate of the OLED display device.
  • each of the illuminating units in the OLED pixel unit simultaneously emits light under the driving of their respective corresponding driving modules, so that each OLED pixel unit displays a corresponding color and brightness.
  • the N light-emitting units in the OLED pixel unit complete the light emission in the n-frame picture, 2 ⁇ n ⁇ N. It can be understood that, in this case, if the image viewed by the viewer is the corresponding color presented by the light of the various colors emitted by the plurality of light emitting units, instead of seeing the individual light emitting units separately issued The color of the light, the time interval between the light-emitting time of the first light-emitting unit and the light-emitting time of the last light-emitting unit should be less than the visual persistence time of the human eye.
  • an OLED display device is different from an LCD (Liquid Crystal Display).
  • LCD Liquid Crystal Display
  • the OLED In the LCD, it takes a long reaction time for each sub-pixel to display the corresponding brightness.
  • the OLED emits light with a faster response speed.
  • the time interval between the light-emitting time of the first light-emitting unit and the light-emitting time of the last light-emitting unit can be controlled within the visual retention time of the human eye.
  • the image displayed by the OLED pixel unit observed by the viewer is the corresponding color presented by the light of the various colors emitted by the plurality of light emitting units after being synthesized, instead of seeing the color of the light emitted by each of the light emitting units separately.
  • the number of the driving modules 1 is one, such a configuration minimizes the number of the driving modules 1, and minimizes the area occupied by each OLED pixel unit, thereby Maximize the pixel density of OLED display devices.
  • the driving module 1 needs N frames of pictures to generate N driving currents to complete driving the N lighting units to emit light, so that the OLED pixel unit can display N color components of one pixel through the N frame picture.
  • the plurality of light emitting units are connected in parallel, and a switching device 20 is disposed on a branch of each of the light emitting units.
  • the selection module 2 includes a switching device 20 disposed on a branch of each of the lighting units.
  • the switching device 20 may be a thin film transistor.
  • the control electrode of the thin film transistor is connected to the control voltage terminal, and the first pole and the second pole of the thin film transistor are respectively connected to the driving module 1 and the light emitting unit. connection.
  • the thin film transistor and each of the following transistors are gated, the first source and the second drain.
  • the number of light-emitting units in an OLED pixel unit is three, which respectively emit light of red, green, and blue.
  • the OLED pixel unit includes one driving module 1 and the illuminating module 3 includes three illuminating units (lights emitting red, green, and blue respectively), and the timing of the control signals shown in FIG.
  • the principle and process of displaying the provided OLED pixel unit are described in detail.
  • the driving module 1 In the first frame picture (R frame), the driving module 1 generates a first driving current, and at the same time, under the control of the control voltage terminal Gr, the thin film transistor on the branch where the light emitting unit emitting red light is turned on, the first A driving current is input to the light emitting unit that emits red light to drive the light emitting unit to emit red light.
  • the driving module 1 generates a second driving current, and at the same time, under the control of the control voltage terminal Gg, the thin film transistor on the branch where the light emitting unit emitting green light is turned on, the first The two driving currents are input to the light emitting unit that emits green light to drive the light emitting unit to emit green light.
  • the driving module 1 generates a third driving current, and at the same time, under the control of the control voltage terminal Gb, the thin film transistor on the branch where the blue light emitting unit is located is turned on, the first The three driving current is input to the light emitting unit that emits blue light to drive the light emitting unit to emit blue light.
  • the time interval between the time when the first light emitting unit emits red light and the time when the last light emitting unit emits the blue light is within the visual pause time of the human eye, so that the viewer views each light emitting unit.
  • the color of the light after the red, green, and blue light are mixed.
  • each of the driving modules 1 may include a switching transistor T1, a driving transistor M1, and a storage capacitor C1.
  • the control electrode of the switching transistor T1 is connected to the gate line Gate, the first electrode of the switching transistor T1 is connected to the data line Data, and the second electrode of the switching transistor T1 is connected to the control electrode of the driving transistor M1 and the first end of the storage capacitor C1.
  • the first electrode of the driving transistor M1 is connected to the high voltage terminal VDD, and the second electrode of the driving transistor M1 is connected to the selection module 2 and the second terminal of the storage capacitor C1.
  • Each of the light emitting units is also connected to the low voltage terminal VSS.
  • the gate line Gate first inputs a high level signal to turn on the switching transistor T1.
  • the data line Data charges the control electrode of the driving transistor M1 and the first end of the storage capacitor C1. The voltage on both is Vdata.
  • the gate line Gate inputs a low level signal to turn off the switching transistor T1, the voltage stored on the storage capacitor C1 maintains the voltage of the gate of the driving transistor M1 at Vdata, and turns on the driving transistor M1 to drive the transistor M1.
  • the control electrode and the voltage of the first pole generate a drive current, and the drive current I can be expressed by the following formula:
  • the thin film transistor on the branch where one light emitting unit is located is turned on, so that the driving current can drive the light emitting unit to emit light of a corresponding color.
  • the structure of the driving module 1 is not limited to the 2T1C (ie, 2 transistors, 1 storage capacitor) structure shown in FIG. 2, and may be any capable of driving the illumination unit to emit light. Structure (eg, a drive structure with more transistors and/or more storage capacitors).
  • At least one of the M driving modules 1 generates a driving current in a multi-frame picture for driving different light-emitting units to emit light in the multi-frame picture, so that each frame
  • the number of light-emitting units that emit light in the picture is less than N, so that the number of drive modules 1 in the OLED pixel unit can be less than the number of light-emitting units.
  • such a configuration reduces the number of the driving modules 1, and can reduce the area occupied by each OLED pixel unit, thereby contributing to an increase in the pixel density of the OLED display device.
  • each driving module generates N driving currents in an n-frame picture to drive N light-emitting units to emit light, so that the OLED pixel unit displays one pixel in an n-frame picture.
  • at least one driving module generates a driving current in a multi-frame picture for driving different light emitting units to emit light in the multi-frame picture.
  • the driving current is generated in the multi-frame picture by the at least one driving module, and the driving is different in the multi-frame picture.
  • the light emitting unit emits light so that the number of light emitting units that emit light in each frame of the picture is less than N, so that the number of driving modules in the OLED pixel unit can be less than the number of the light emitting units.
  • such a configuration reduces the number of driving modules, and can reduce the area occupied by each OLED pixel unit, thereby contributing to an increase in pixel density of the OLED display device.
  • the number of the driving modules in the OLED pixel unit is one.
  • the driving module generates N driving currents corresponding to the N lighting units in the N frame picture, and selects in each frame picture.
  • the module is coupled to a lighting unit to drive the lighting unit to emit light.
  • Such a configuration minimizes the number of drive modules and minimizes the area occupied by each OLED pixel unit, thereby maximizing the pixel density in an OLED display device.
  • the OLED display device includes the OLED pixel unit of the above embodiment of the present invention.
  • the OLED display device provided in this embodiment adopts the OLED pixel unit of the above embodiment of the present invention, which can reduce the occupied area of each OLED pixel unit, thereby contributing to increasing the pixel density of the OLED display device.

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Abstract

一种OLED像素单元及其驱动方法、OLED显示装置。OLED像素单元包括驱动模块（1）、选择模块（2）和发光模块（3）。驱动模块（1）的数量为M个，发光模块（3）包括N个发光单元，M＜N。N个OLED分别用于发出能够实现全色彩显示的N种颜色的光。每个驱动模块（1）在一帧画面中至多产生一个驱动电流，以驱动一个发光单元发光，并且至少一个驱动模块（1）在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流，以用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光，使得M个驱动模块（1）在n帧画面内驱动N个发光单元发光，2≤n≤N。选择模块（2）用于进行选通使得每帧画面中将要发光的发光单元与相应的驱动模块（1）连接。

Description

OLED像素单元及其驱动方法、OLED显示装置 技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，具体地涉及OLED像素单元及其驱动方法、OLED显示装置。
背景技术
在OLED显示装置中，每个像素单元一般包括三个子像素。每个子像素包括一个OLED，该OLED经驱动模块驱动，以发出相应颜色的光。OLED显示装置通过控制每个子像素中OLED所发出的光的亮度和色彩饱和度等参数，使每个像素单元显示不同的亮度和颜色。
一般地，驱动模块包括多个晶体管和至少一个电容器。图1示出了一种驱动模块，该驱动模块包括较少数量的晶体管及电容器。如图1所示，该驱动模块包括开关晶体管T1、驱动晶体管M1和存储电容器C1。在图1所示的驱动模块中，驱动OLED发光的电流为：
Figure PCTCN2015089762-appb-000001
其中，Vgs为驱动晶体管M1的栅极与源极之间的电压差，β是与驱动晶体管M1的工艺参数和特征尺寸有关的参数，Vth为驱动晶体管M1的阈值电压。
一般地，在现有OLED显示装置中，各子像素中的OLED通过单独的驱动模块驱动，并且同时发光。这种构造使每个像素单元中的驱动模块的数量与子像素的数量相等，使得驱动模块的数量较多，造成在每个像素单元中需要设置较多的晶体管、存储电容器及信号线，从而会导致每个像素单元占用的面积较大，这不利于OLED显示装置中像素密度的提高。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的至少上述技术问题，本发明实施例提供了OLED像素单元、OLED像素单元的驱动方法及OLED显示装置，其可以减少驱动模块的数量，从而降低每个OLED像素单元占用的面积，有助于提高OLED显示装置的像素密度。
本发明的一个实施例提供一种OLED像素单元，其包括驱动模块、选择模块和发光模块。所述驱动模块的数量为M个，所述发光模块包括N个发光单元，其中M＜N。所述N个发光单元分别用于发出能够实现全色彩显示的N种颜色的光。每个驱动模块在一帧画面中至多产生一个驱动电流，以驱动一个发光单元发光，并且至少一个驱动模块在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流，以用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光，使得M个驱动模块在n帧画面内驱动N个发光单元发光，其中2≤n≤N。所述选择模块用于进行选通使得每帧画面中将要发光的发光单元与相应的驱动模块连接。
所述多个发光单元可以并联连接，并且所述选择模块可以包括设置在每个发光单元所在支路上的开关器件。
所述开关器件可以为薄膜晶体管，所述薄膜晶体管的控制极与控制电压端连接，所述薄膜晶体管的第一极、第二极分别与驱动模块、发光单元连接。
所述发光单元的还可以与低电压端连接。
所述发光单元可以为OLED。
所述驱动模块的数量可以为一个。
所述发光单元的数量可以为三个。
所述三个发光单元可以分别发出红色、绿色、蓝色的光。
每个驱动模块可以包括开关晶体管、驱动晶体管和存储电容器。所述开关晶体管的控制极与栅线连接，所述开关晶体管的第一极与数据线连接，所述开关晶体管的第二极与所述驱动晶体管的控制极以及所述存储电容器的第一端连接。所述驱动晶体管的第一极与高电压端连接，所述驱动晶体管的第二极与所述选择模块以及所述存储电容器的第二端连接。
本发明另一个实施例提供一种驱动上述OLED像素单元的方 法，在所述方法中，各驱动模块在n帧画面中产生N个驱动电流，以驱动N个发光单元发光，得使所述OLED像素单元在n帧画面中显示一个像素，最先发光的发光单元的发光时刻和最后发光的发光单元的发光时刻之间的时间间隔被控制在人眼的视觉暂留时间范围内。
在所述方法中，所述驱动模块的数量可以为一个，所述驱动模块在N帧画面中分别产生与N个发光单元对应的N个驱动电流，并且在每帧画面中通过选择模块与一个发光单元连接，以驱动该发光单元发光。
在所述方法中，所述发光模块包括一个红色发光单元、一个绿色发光单元和一个蓝色发光单元。在第一帧画面中，所述驱动模块产生第一驱动电流，以驱动所述红色发光单元发出红色光。在第二帧画面中，所述驱动模块产生第二驱动电流，以驱动所述绿色发光单元发出绿色光。在第三帧画面中，所述驱动模块产生第三驱动电流，以驱动所述蓝色发光单元发出蓝色光。
本发明的又一个实施例提供一种OLED显示装置，所述OLED显示装置包括上述OLED像素单元。
在本发明实施例提供的OLED像素单元中，M个驱动模块中的至少一个驱动模块在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流，用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光，使每帧画面中发光的发光单元的数量少于N，从而可以使OLED像素单元中的驱动模块的数量少于发光单元的数量。与现有技术相比，这样的构造减少了驱动模块的数量，可以降低每个OLED像素单元所占用的面积，从而有助于提高OLED显示装置的像素密度。
在本发明实施例提供的驱动OLED像素单元的方法中，通过至少一个驱动模块在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流，在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光，使每帧画面中发光的发光单元的数量少于N，从而可以使OLED像素单元中的驱动模块的数量少于发光单元的数量。与现有技术相比，这样的构造减少了驱动模块的数量，可以降低每个OLED像素单元所占用的面积，从而有助于提高OLED显示装置的像素密度。
本发明实施例提供的OLED显示装置采用上述OLED像素单元，可以降低每个OLED像素单元的占用面积，从而有助于增加OLED显示装置的像素密度。
附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明，但并不构成对本发明的限制。在附图中：
图1为现有技术中的驱动模块的电路图；
图2为根据本发明实施例的OLED像素单元的示意图；以及
图3为根据本发明实施例的OLED像素单元中各发光单元发光的控制信号的时序图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。
图2为本发明的一个实施例提供的OLED(有机发光二极管)像素单元的示意图。如图2所示，在本实施例中，所述OLED像素单元包括驱动模块1、选择模块2和发光模块3。该实施例的OLED像素单元包括1个驱动模块1，所述发光模块3包括用于发出能够实现全色彩显示的3种颜色的光(例如，红色光，绿色光和蓝色光)的3个发光单元，所述发光单元为OLED。驱动模块1在一帧画面中产生一种驱动电流，以驱动一个发光单元发光，以及选择模块2用于进行选通使得每帧画面中将要发光的发光单元与驱动模块1连接。在该实施例中，为3个发光单元设置了1个驱动模块，在3帧画面中完成构成一个像素的3个发光单元的发光。与现有技术相比，本实施例可以减少每个OLED像素单元中的驱动模块1的数量，有助于提高OLED显示装置的像素密度。
应当理解的是，本发明的OLED像素单元不限于图2所示的实 施例，其可以包括M个驱动模块1，所述发光模块3可以包括N个发光单元，所述发光单元可以为OLED，其中M＜N。所述N个发光单元分别用于发出能够实现全色彩显示的N种颜色的光。每个驱动模块1在一帧画面中至多产生一种驱动电流，以驱动一个发光单元发光，并且至少一个驱动模块1在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流，以用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光，使得M个驱动模块1在n帧画面内驱动N个发光单元发光，其中2≤n≤N。所述选择模块2用于进行选通使得每帧画面中将要发光的发光单元与相应的驱动模块1连接。
在本实施例的OLED像素单元中，M＜N，即，驱动模块1的数量少于发光模块3所包括的发光单元的数量，与现有技术相比，本实施例提供的OLED像素单元中的驱动模块1的数量更少，这样可以减少每个OLED像素单元所占用的面积，从而有助于提高OLED显示装置的像素密度。
具体地，在本实施例中，通过至少一个驱动模块1在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流，并在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光，可以使M个驱动模块在n帧画面中产生N个驱动电流，以分别驱动N个发光单元发光，即，实现了以M个驱动模块1驱动N个发光单元发光，从而使OLED像素单元在该n帧画面中显示一个像素的N个颜色分量。例如，在N＝3，M＝2时，可以设置两个驱动模块1中的一者在两帧画面中均产生驱动电流，在该两帧画面中驱动两个发光单元发光，而另一驱动模块1则可以在第一帧画面中产生一个驱动电流，驱动另一发光单元发光，而在第二帧画面中不产生驱动电流(当然，该另一驱动模块1也可以在第二帧画面中产生驱动电流，在第一帧画面中不产生驱动电流)。
本实施例中，OLED像素单元通过n帧画面显示一个像素。因此，与现有技术中的在一帧画面中显示一个像素的技术方案相比，当显示装置的刷新率相同时，采用本实施例提供的OLED像素单元的OLED显示装置显示的图像帧数更少。在此情况下，可以通过提高OLED显示装置的刷新率，在单位时间内显示更多帧数的图像。
现有技术中，在一帧画面内，OLED像素单元中的各发光单元在其各自单独对应的驱动模块的驱动下同时发光，使每个OLED像素单元显示相应的颜色和亮度。
然而，在本实施例中，OLED像素单元中的N个发光单元在n帧画面内完成发光，2≤n≤N。可以理解的是，在此情况下，若使观看者观看到的图像为多个发光单元所发出的各种颜色的光被合成之后所呈现的相应颜色，而不是看到各个发光单元单独所发出的光的颜色，则最先发光的发光单元的发光时刻和最后发光的发光单元的发光时刻之间的时间间隔应小于人眼的视觉暂留时间。
已知的是，OLED显示装置不同于LCD(液晶显示器)。在LCD中，每个子像素显示相应的亮度需要较长的反应时间。在OLED显示装置中，OLED发光的响应速度较快。在此情况下，本实施例中的OLED像素单元中，最先发光的发光单元的发光时刻和最后发光的发光单元的发光时刻之间的时间间隔可以控制在人眼的视觉暂留时间内，从而使观看者观察到的OLED像素单元所显示的图像为多个发光单元所发出的各种颜色的光被合成之后所呈现的相应颜色，而不是看到各个发光单元单独所发出的光的颜色。
例如，如图2所示，所述驱动模块1的数量为一个，这样的构造最大程度地减少了驱动模块1的数量，以及最大程度地降低了每个OLED像素单元所占用的面积，从而可以最大程度地提高OLED显示装置的像素密度。当然，在此情况下，该驱动模块1需要N帧画面才能产生N个驱动电流，以完成驱动N个发光单元发光，使OLED像素单元通过N帧画面方可显示一个像素的N个颜色分量。
如图2所示，所述多个发光单元并联连接，每个发光单元所在支路上设置有开关器件20。所述选择模块2包括设置在每个发光单元所在支路上的开关器件20。例如，所述开关器件20可以为薄膜晶体管，在此情况下，所述薄膜晶体管的控制极与控制电压端连接，所述薄膜晶体管的第一极、第二极分别与驱动模块1、发光单元连接。
本实施例中，需要指出的是，上述薄膜晶体管以及下述各晶体管的控制极为栅极，第一极为源极，第二极为漏极。
一般地，OLED像素单元中的发光单元的数量为三个，其分别发出红色、绿色和蓝色的光。
下面以OLED像素单元包括1个驱动模块1，发光模块3包括3个发光单元(分别发出红色、绿色和蓝色的光)为例，结合图3所示出的控制信号的时序，对本实施例提供的OLED像素单元实现显示的原理和过程进行详细描述。
首先，在第一帧画面(R帧)中，驱动模块1产生第一驱动电流，同时，在控制电压端Gr的控制下，发出红色光的发光单元所在支路上的薄膜晶体管开启，所述第一驱动电流输入至发出红色光的发光单元中，以驱动该发光单元发出红色光。
其次，在第二帧画面(G帧)中，驱动模块1产生第二驱动电流，同时，在控制电压端Gg的控制下，发出绿色光的发光单元所在支路上的薄膜晶体管开启，所述第二驱动电流输入至发出绿色光的发光单元中，以驱动该发光单元发出绿色光。
随后，在第三帧画面(B帧)中，驱动模块1产生第三驱动电流，同时，在控制电压端Gb的控制下，发出蓝色光的发光单元所在支路上的薄膜晶体管开启，所述第三驱动电流输入至发出蓝色光的发光单元中，以驱动该发光单元发出蓝色光。
在上述过程中，控制第一个发光单元发出红色光的时刻至最后一个发光单元发出蓝色光的时刻之间的时间间隔处于人眼的视觉暂留时间之内，使得观看者观看到各发光单元所发出的红色光、绿色光、蓝色光混合之后的光的颜色。
具体地，如图2所示，每个驱动模块1可以包括开关晶体管T1、驱动晶体管M1和存储电容器C1。开关晶体管T1的控制极与栅线Gate连接，开关晶体管T1的第一极与数据线Data连接，开关晶体管T1的第二极与驱动晶体管M1的控制极、存储电容器C1的第一端连接。驱动晶体管M1的第一极与高电压端VDD连接，驱动晶体管M1的第二极与选择模块2、存储电容器C1的第二端连接。每个发光单元还与低电压端VSS连接。
具体地，在图2所示的驱动模块1生成驱动电流的过程(即， 每一帧画面)中，栅极线Gate首先输入高电平信号，使开关晶体管T1开启，在此情况下，数据线Data向驱动晶体管M1的控制极和存储电容器C1的第一端充电，使其二者上的电压为Vdata。随后，栅极线Gate输入低电平信号，使开关晶体管T1关闭，存储电容器C1上储存的电压使驱动晶体管M1的控制极的电压维持在Vdata，并使驱动晶体管M1开启，以根据驱动晶体管M1的控制极和第一极的电压来生成驱动电流，该驱动电流I可以以下述公式表述：
I＝K(Vgs-Vth)2＝K(Vdata-VDD-Vth)2，
在上述驱动电流生成的同时，一个发光单元所在支路上的薄膜晶体管开启，从而该驱动电流可以驱动该发光单元发出相应颜色的光。
需要说明的是，在本实施例中，驱动模块1的结构并不限于图2所示的2T1C(即，2个晶体管、1个存储电容器)结构，其还可以是能够驱动发光单元发光的任何结构(如，具有更多个晶体管和/或更多个存储电容器的驱动结构)。
本发明实施例提供的OLED像素单元中，M个驱动模块1中的至少一个驱动模块在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流，用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光，使每帧画面中发光的发光单元的数量少于N，从而使OLED像素单元中的驱动模块1的数量可以少于发光单元的数量。与现有技术相比，这样的构造减少了驱动模块1的数量，可以降低每个OLED像素单元所占用的面积，从而有助于提高OLED显示装置的像素密度。
本发明的另一个实施例提供一种OLED像素单元的驱动方法，其用于驱动本发明上述实施例的OLED像素单元。在本实施例中，各驱动模块在n帧画面中产生N个驱动电流，以驱动N个发光单元发光，使所述OLED像素单元在n帧画面中显示一个像素。在所述驱动方法中，至少一个驱动模块在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流，用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光。
本实施例提供的OLED像素单元的驱动方法中，通过至少一个驱动模块在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流，并在该多帧画面中驱动不同 的发光单元发光，使每帧画面中发光的发光单元的数量少于N，从而可以使OLED像素单元中驱动模块的数量可以少于发光单元的数量。与现有技术相比，这样的构造减少了驱动模块的数量，可以降低每个OLED像素单元所占用的面积，从而有助于提高OLED显示装置的像素密度。
例如，所述OLED像素单元中的驱动模块的数量为一个，在此情况下，该驱动模块在N帧画面中产生与N个发光单元对应的N个驱动电流，并在每帧画面中通过选择模块与一个发光单元连接，以驱动该发光单元发光。这样的构造最大限度地减少了驱动模块的数量，最大限度地降低了每个OLED像素单元占用的面积，从而可以最大程度地增加OLED显示装置中的像素密度。
本发明的另一个实施例提供一种OLED显示装置，在本实施例中，所述OLED显示装置包括本发明上述实施例的OLED像素单元。
本实施例提供的OLED显示装置采用本发明上述实施例的OLED像素单元，可以降低每个OLED像素单元的占用面积，从而有助于增加OLED显示装置的像素密度。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (13)

  1. 一种OLED像素单元，包括选择模块、发光模块和M个驱动模块，其中，
    所述发光模块包括N个发光单元，其中M＜N；
    所述N个发光单元分别用于发出能够实现全色彩显示的N种颜色的光；
    每个驱动模块在一帧画面中至多产生一种驱动电流，以驱动一个发光单元发光，并且至少一个驱动模块在多帧画面中均产生驱动电流，以用于在该多帧画面中驱动不同的发光单元发光，使得M个驱动模块在n帧画面内驱动N个发光单元发光，其中2≤n≤N；以及
    所述选择模块用于进行选通使得每帧画面中将要发光的发光单元与相应的驱动模块连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的OLED像素单元，其中，所述多个发光单元并联连接，并且所述选择模块包括设置在每个发光单元所在支路上的开关器件。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的OLED像素单元，其中，所述开关器件为薄膜晶体管，所述薄膜晶体管的控制极与控制电压端连接，所述薄膜晶体管的第一极、第二极分别与驱动模块、发光单元连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的OLED像素单元，其中，所述发光单元还与低电压端连接。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的OLED像素单元，其中，所述发光单元包括OLED。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的OLED像素单元，其中，所述驱动模块的数量为一个。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的OLED像素单元，其中，所述发光单元的数量为三个。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的OLED像素单元，其中，所述三个发光单元分别发出红色、绿色、蓝色的光。
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任意一项所述的OLED像素单元，其中，每个驱动模块包括开关晶体管、驱动晶体管和存储电容器，
    所述开关晶体管的控制极与栅线连接，所述开关晶体管的第一极与数据线连接，所述开关晶体管的第二极与所述驱动晶体管的控制极以及所述存储电容器的第一端连接，
    所述驱动晶体管的第一极与高电压端连接，所述驱动晶体管的第二极与所述选择模块以及所述存储电容器的第二端连接。
  10. 一种驱动权利要求1至5中任意一项所述的OLED像素单元的方法，其中，
    各驱动模块在n帧画面中产生N个驱动电流，以驱动N个发光单元发光，使得所述OLED像素单元在n帧画面中显示一个像素，
    其中，最先发光的发光单元的发光时刻和最后发光的发光单元的发光时刻之间的时间间隔被控制在人眼的视觉暂留时间范围内。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的方法，其中，所述驱动模块的数量为一个，所述驱动模块在N帧画面中分别产生与N个发光单元对应的N个驱动电流，并且在每帧画面中通过选择模块与一个发光单元连接，以驱动该发光单元发光。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其中，所述发光模块包括一个红色发光单元、一个绿色发光单元和一个蓝色发光单元，
    在第一帧画面中，所述驱动模块产生第一驱动电流，以驱动所 述红色发光单元发出红色光，
    在第二帧画面中，所述驱动模块产生第二驱动电流，以驱动所述绿色发光单元发出绿色光，以及
    在第三帧画面中，所述驱动模块产生第三驱动电流，以驱动所述蓝色发光单元发出蓝色光。
  13. 一种OLED显示装置，包括权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的OLED像素单元。
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