WO2016127777A1 - 氮气蓄能液压缸 - Google Patents

氮气蓄能液压缸 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016127777A1
WO2016127777A1 PCT/CN2016/071764 CN2016071764W WO2016127777A1 WO 2016127777 A1 WO2016127777 A1 WO 2016127777A1 CN 2016071764 W CN2016071764 W CN 2016071764W WO 2016127777 A1 WO2016127777 A1 WO 2016127777A1
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Prior art keywords
nitrogen
cylinder
oil
chamber
piston
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PCT/CN2016/071764
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English (en)
French (fr)
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樊硕
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樊硕
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Publication of WO2016127777A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016127777A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
    • F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
    • F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the field of mechanical equipment, in particular to a nitrogen storage energy storage hydraulic cylinder.
  • a hydraulic cylinder is a hydraulic actuator that converts hydraulic energy into mechanical energy and performs linear reciprocating motion (or oscillating motion). It is simple in structure and reliable in operation. When it is used to realize the reciprocating motion, the speed reducing device can be eliminated, and there is no transmission gap, and the motion is stable, so it is widely used in various mechanical hydraulic systems.
  • the output force of the hydraulic cylinder is proportional to the effective area of the piston and the pressure difference between the two sides;
  • the hydraulic cylinder is basically composed of a cylinder and a cylinder head, a piston and a piston rod, a sealing device, a buffer device and an exhaust device. Buffers and exhausts depend on the specific application, and other devices are essential.
  • Nitrogen is a stable inert gas and has been widely used in home appliances, furniture, and automobiles.
  • the nitrogen spring has small volume, large spring force, long stroke, stable operation, precise manufacturing, long service life (one million times), gentle elastic curve, and no need for pre-tightening. It has conventional elasticity such as metal spring, rubber and air cushion. Components are difficult to get the job done.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a nitrogen storage hydraulic cylinder to solve the above problems.
  • a nitrogen accumulating hydraulic cylinder including a cylinder block, a piston, a piston rod, an inlet and outlet oil hole, and an inlet and outlet air hole;
  • the piston is disposed in the cylinder body to divide the interior of the cylinder into two cavities;
  • One end of the piston rod is connected to the piston, and the other end is extended at one end of the cylinder;
  • the cavity provided with the piston rod is an oil chamber, and the chamber without the piston rod is a nitrogen chamber;
  • the inlet and outlet oil holes are disposed on the cylinder body, and one end is in communication with the oil chamber, and the oil chamber can be supplied with oil and the oil in the oil chamber can be discharged;
  • the inlet and outlet holes are disposed on the cylinder, and one end is in communication with the nitrogen chamber, and is capable of supplying gas to the nitrogen chamber and capable of discharging nitrogen in the nitrogen chamber.
  • the nitrogen storage hydraulic cylinder further includes a backup cylinder
  • the backup cylinder communicates with the nitrogen chamber through the inlet and outlet ports.
  • the spare cylinder is annular
  • the spare cylinder is sleeved at one end of the cylinder.
  • a fire extinguishing hose is disposed on the spare cylinder
  • the fire extinguishing hose is in communication with the spare cylinder through a manual valve, and can be extinguished by using nitrogen in the standby cylinder.
  • a sealing structure is disposed between the piston and the cylinder for isolating the oil chamber and the nitrogen chamber.
  • the sealing structure comprises a high pressure oil seal, two support rings and two dirt rings;
  • Two support rings are disposed on both sides of the high pressure oil and gas seal
  • the dirt trap is disposed on a side of the support ring away from the high pressure oil and gas seal.
  • a high pressure oil seal is disposed between the piston rod and the cylinder.
  • the nitrogen storage hydraulic cylinder further includes an explosion-proof valve
  • the explosion-proof valve is in communication with the nitrogen chamber for preventing high temperature explosion after nitrogen compression.
  • the explosion-proof valve is a pressure relief valve.
  • a lifting lug is disposed at one end of the cylinder away from the oil chamber;
  • a lifting lug is disposed at one end of the piston rod away from the piston.
  • the nitrogen accumulating hydraulic cylinder provided by the utility model adopts two chambers in the cylinder body respectively set to different mediums, one is liquid hydraulic oil, one is gas nitrogen, that is, hydraulic cylinder and nitrogen cylinder Combined into one cylinder, it not only realizes the original function, but also reduces the volume of the whole device.
  • the piston rod is attached to the device, the cylinder is placed on the base of the device, and the driving force is provided to the oil chamber through the nitrogen chamber, and the entire device does not use the power of the engine of the device, thereby increasing the power without consuming the power of the device.
  • the lifting capacity of the equipment further increases work efficiency and working radius.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of a nitrogen storage hydraulic cylinder of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a spare cylinder of a nitrogen storage hydraulic cylinder of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a structural schematic view showing the sealing structure of the nitrogen accumulating hydraulic cylinder of the present invention.
  • lifting lug 2 piston rod 3: inlet and outlet oil holes
  • installation should be understood broadly, unless otherwise explicitly defined and limited.
  • it may be a fixed connection or Removable connection, or integral connection; may be mechanical connection or electrical connection; may be directly connected, or may be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between the two elements.
  • the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art in a specific case.
  • the utility model provides a nitrogen energy storage hydraulic cylinder, which comprises a cylinder body, a piston 5, a piston rod 2, an inlet and outlet oil hole 3, and an inlet and outlet air hole;
  • the piston 5 is disposed in the cylinder body, and divides the interior of the cylinder body into two cavities;
  • One end of the piston rod 2 is connected to the piston 5, and the other end is extended at one end of the cylinder;
  • the inlet and outlet oil hole 3 is disposed on the cylinder body, and one end is in communication with the oil chamber 4, and the oil chamber 4 can be supplied with oil and the oil in the oil chamber 4 can be discharged;
  • the inlet and outlet holes are disposed on the cylinder, and one end is in communication with the nitrogen chamber 6, and the nitrogen chamber 6 can be supplied with gas and the nitrogen in the nitrogen chamber 6 can be discharged.
  • Nitrogen is a stable inert gas and has been widely used in home appliances, furniture, and automobiles.
  • the nitrogen spring has small volume, large spring force, long stroke, stable operation, precise manufacturing, long service life (one million times), gentle elastic curve, and no need for pre-tightening. It has conventional elasticity such as metal spring, rubber and air cushion. Components are difficult to get the job done.
  • the large nitrogen gas spring system is difficult to manufacture, high in precision and high in cost. Then using the characteristics of nitrogen to make a combination of nitrogen and hydraulic system, nitrogen Gas storage tank, ie nitrogen cylinder.
  • a similar communication device consisting of a nitrogen cylinder and a hydraulic cylinder functions as a lifting auxiliary force for the working device of the device and a reduced potential energy recovery.
  • the required amount of hydraulic oil is injected into the oil chamber 4 of the cylinder through the inlet and outlet oil holes 3, and then the nitrogen gas of the required pressure is injected into the nitrogen chamber 6 through the inlet and outlet holes, and then the inlet and outlet ports are sealed.
  • the piston rod 2 is connected with the weight.
  • the piston rod 2 drives the piston 5 to move, thereby compressing the space of the nitrogen chamber 6, and at this time, the hydraulic oil entering and leaving the oil hole 3 Flowing from the outside into the oil chamber 4, the high-pressure nitrogen gas in the nitrogen chamber 6 is compressed, and the excess heat energy generated by the potential energy of the heavy object is further offset by the nitrogen buffering function, and energy storage is started; when the device is used to lift the weight
  • the power device provides auxiliary power
  • the pressure of the high-pressure nitrogen gas in the nitrogen chamber 6 is released, pushing the piston 5 up, driving the piston rod 2 to move up, and then giving the piston rod 2 a heavy force, which is an auxiliary force. effect.
  • the device combines the functions of the hydraulic cylinder and the nitrogen cylinder into one cylinder, accumulates energy through the nitrogen gas in the nitrogen chamber 6, and gives the thrust to the oil chamber 4, thereby not only being used as an auxiliary power but also compressing the space occupation of the entire device.
  • the rate reduces the size of the device and reduces the weight of the device.
  • the nitrogen storage hydraulic cylinder further includes a spare cylinder 7;
  • the backup cylinder 7 communicates with the nitrogen chamber 6 through the inlet and outlet ports.
  • Connecting a spare cylinder 7 outside the nitrogen chamber 6 is equivalent to expanding the volume of the nitrogen chamber 6, thereby increasing the energy storage effect of the nitrogen chamber 6.
  • the volume of the spare cylinder 7 is determined according to the stroke of the piston 5. When the stroke is large, the spare cylinder 7 having a larger volume can be selected. When the stroke is small, the spare cylinder 7 having a smaller volume can be selected.
  • the charge and discharge valve group 8 is disposed on the standby cylinder, and the reserve cylinder 7 can be inflated through the charge and discharge valve group 8.
  • the spare cylinder 7 is annular
  • the spare cylinder 7 is sleeved at one end of the cylinder.
  • the spare cylinder 7 is arranged in an annular shape, and the inner ring is sleeved on the cylinder body, that is, the spare cylinder 7 and the cylinder block are integrally formed, so that the entire device volume does not undergo a large change after the spare cylinder 7 is set. Make the most of every point of space.
  • the spare cylinder 7 is provided with a fire extinguishing hose 9;
  • the fire extinguishing hose 9 communicates with the spare cylinder 7 through the manual valve 10, and can be extinguished by using nitrogen gas in the reserve cylinder 7.
  • the fire extinguishing hose 9 is connected to the spare cylinder 7, and the communication between the backup cylinder 7 and the fire extinguishing hose 9 is controlled by the manual valve 10, and then the nitrogen in the spare cylinder 7 can be used for extinguishing the fire, thereby increasing the function of the device and making it
  • the scope of use is more extensive and the application is diversified.
  • a sealing structure is provided between the piston 5 and the cylinder for isolating the oil chamber 4 from the nitrogen chamber 6.
  • a tight seal is required between the piston 5 and the cylinder to prevent nitrogen from entering the oil chamber 4 from the nitrogen chamber 6, thereby failing to ensure the nitrogen storage capacity.
  • the sealing structure comprises a high pressure oil seal 14, two support rings 15 and two dirt rings 16;
  • Two support rings 15 are disposed on both sides of the high pressure oil and gas seal 14;
  • the dirt trap 16 is disposed on a side of the support ring 15 away from the high pressure oil and gas seal 14.
  • the high pressure oil seal 14 completely seals the two chambers, completely isolating the nitrogen in the nitrogen chamber 6 and the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber 4, thereby ensuring the sealing of the two chambers.
  • a support ring 15 is disposed on both sides of the high-pressure oil and gas seal 14 to support and protect the piston 5 from the cylinder block, thereby reducing friction between the piston 5 and the high-pressure oil and gas seal 14 and the cylinder block.
  • the high-pressure oil and gas seal 14 may be damaged.
  • the side of the support ring 15 away from the high-pressure oil and gas seal 14 is provided with a dirt-staining ring 16 to absorb dust and other pollutants in the cavity on both sides. The damage to the high pressure oil and gas seal 14 is avoided, and the sealing performance and service life of the sealing structure are improved.
  • a high pressure oil seal 11 is disposed between the piston rod 2 and the cylinder block.
  • the high pressure oil seal 11 is also required to be well sealed between the piston rod 2 and the cylinder block to prevent the hydraulic oil in the oil chamber 4 from overflowing between the piston rod 2 and the cylinder block, thereby causing leakage of hydraulic oil, further The environment causes pollution.
  • a dust seal 13 may be disposed on the outer side of the high-pressure oil seal 11, and the dust seal 13 ensures that dust and the like do not cause damage to the high-pressure oil seal 11.
  • the nitrogen storage hydraulic cylinder further includes an explosion-proof valve 12;
  • the explosion-proof valve 12 is in communication with the nitrogen chamber 6 for preventing high temperature explosion after nitrogen compression.
  • the explosion-proof valve 12 is disposed on the inlet and outlet holes or on the spare cylinder 7. When the pressure of the nitrogen gas in the inlet is too large or the temperature is too high, the explosion-proof valve 12 is opened to release the nitrogen gas, thereby reducing the pressure in the nitrogen chamber 6 and avoiding the pressure. The explosion occurred.
  • the explosion-proof valve 12 in this embodiment uses a material that melts at a constant temperature to seal the inlet and outlet air pipes of the inlet and outlet holes or the spare cylinder 7. After the temperature exceeds the rated temperature, the material is melted, and the nitrogen gas in the nitrogen chamber 6 or the spare cylinder 7 is discharged, and the nitrogen chamber 6 or the reserve cylinder 7 is depressurized, thereby ensuring the safety of use of the device.
  • the explosion-proof valve 12 is a pressure relief valve.
  • the pressure relief valve can automatically open and close according to the working pressure of the system, and is generally installed on the equipment or pipeline of the closed system to protect the system.
  • the pressure relief is automatically turned on to ensure that the pressure of the medium in the equipment and pipeline is below the set pressure to protect the equipment and piping from accidents.
  • the explosion-proof valve 12 can also use the pressure relief valve to perform explosion-proof, that is, when the pressure is too large, the pressure relief is automatically opened.
  • a preferred embodiment is that the end of the cylinder away from the oil chamber 4 is provided with a lifting lug 1;
  • An end of the piston rod 2 remote from the piston 5 is provided with a lifting lug 1 .
  • the lifting lug 1 By attaching the lifting lug 1 to the auxiliary weight at the end of the piston rod 2 away from the piston 5, the lifting lug 1 is placed at one end of the cylinder away from the oil chamber 4 to fix it.
  • the device can be easily connected to the device requiring auxiliary power.
  • connection with the device requiring auxiliary power may be the lifting lug 1, but it is not limited to the lifting lug 1, but may be other structures, such as a hook, such as a fixed seat. As long as the device can be connected to a device that requires auxiliary power.
  • the utility model opens a new way for further energy saving, and the boom energy saving.
  • further energy saving for the mechanical system and reducing unnecessary energy consumption generated by the equipment during work In the case of not affecting the work of other energy-saving systems of the equipment, further energy saving for the mechanical system and reducing unnecessary energy consumption generated by the equipment during work.
  • the utility model can generally be composed of the following components:
  • the nitrogen storage hydraulic cylinder of the utility model is installed on the equipment through the installation of the lifting lug 1 or other rigid connection manner as needed, and the nitrogen and pressure chambers of the inlet and outlet holes are controlled by the integrated control block to the cylinder body. 6 Pressurization, the pressure value is adjusted according to the needs of the equipment.
  • the nitrogen storage hydraulic cylinder is connected to the hydraulic system of the equipment through a control valve, and can control the hydraulic strength in the oil chamber 4, and the hydraulic pressure in the oil chamber 4 interacts with the stable air pressure in the nitrogen chamber 6.
  • the high-pressure nitrogen gas in the nitrogen chamber 6 passes the pressure through the piston 5 to the other end to provide auxiliary power for the mechanical equipment.
  • the engine is prevented from being smoky due to excessive operation. problem.
  • the nitrogen chamber 6 is an independent sealed environment, but when the high-pressure oil and gas seal 14 ages due to long-term use, the nitrogen gas will enter the oil chamber 4 and overflow from the cylinder rod without affecting the hydraulic system of the equipment itself. After the high-pressure oil seal 11 is aged, it will not affect the pressure in the nitrogen chamber 6. It will only overflow the hydraulic oil from the cylinder rod during work, and will not affect the work.
  • the device can be connected to the equipment, and the oil spill of the cylinder is easy to find, and the high-pressure oil seal 11 can be removed and replaced in time. Even if it is not found in time to cause device failure, nitrogen The gas overflow will not affect the safety system of the equipment itself. The overflowing nitrogen will not affect the environment. The device only needs to be disassembled and replaced and can continue to be used without safety hazards.
  • the energy consumption caused by the gravity potential energy of the working device is optimized to the greatest extent, no additional mechanical energy is consumed, energy is saved, and the dynamic load of the hydraulic system and the slewing bearing are reduced. Under the premise of the same weight, the stability of the operation is improved, which is very important for performance and fuel saving.
  • the utility model can further reduce the potential energy loss, reduce the heat energy release, reduce the carbon emission, improve the mechanical efficiency, increase the service life of the machine parts, reduce the fuel consumption, and reduce the work cost.
  • the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, independent and convenient, and contributes to the technical progress and natural environmental protection of many mechanical equipments.
  • the nitrogen accumulating hydraulic cylinder provided by the utility model adopts two chambers in the cylinder body respectively set to different mediums, one is liquid hydraulic oil, one is gas nitrogen, that is, hydraulic cylinder and nitrogen cylinder Combined into one cylinder, it not only realizes the original function, but also reduces the volume of the whole device.
  • the piston rod 2 is attached to the device, the cylinder is placed on the base of the device, and the driving force is supplied to the oil chamber 4 through the nitrogen chamber 6.
  • the entire device does not use the power of the engine of the device, thereby realizing the situation in which the power of the device is not consumed.
  • the increase in the lifting capacity of the device further increases the work efficiency and working radius.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract

一种氮气蓄能液压缸，包括缸体、活塞（5）、活塞杆（2）、进出油孔（3）和进出气孔；活塞（5）设置在缸体内，将缸体内部分隔为两个腔体；活塞杆（2）的一端与活塞（5）连接，另一端在缸体的一端伸出；缸体内被活塞（5）分隔的两个腔体中，设置有活塞杆（2）的腔体为油腔（4），没有设置活塞杆（2）的腔体为氮气腔（6）；进出油孔（3）设置在缸体上，一端与油腔（4）连通，能够给油腔（4）供油和将油腔（4）内的油排出；进出气孔设置在缸体上，一端与氮气腔（6）连通，能够给氮气腔（6）供气和将氮气腔（6）内的氮气排出。该液压缸在不消耗设备功率的情况下，增加了设备的举升力和工作半径，进一步提高了工作效率。

Description

氮气蓄能液压缸 技术领域
本实用新型涉及机械设备领域，具体而言，涉及一种氮气蓄能液压缸。
背景技术
液压缸是将液压能转变为机械能的、做直线往复运动(或摆动运动)的液压执行元件。它结构简单、工作可靠。用它来实现往复运动时，可免去减速装置，并且没有传动间隙，运动平稳，因此在各种机械的液压系统中得到广泛应用。
液压缸输出力和活塞有效面积及其两边的压差成正比；液压缸基本上由缸筒和缸盖、活塞和活塞杆、密封装置、缓冲装置与排气装置组成。缓冲装置与排气装置视具体应用场合而定，其他装置则必不可少。
很多机械设备在工作过程中，往往会有自身运动时其重量所产生重力势能，而这部分能量消耗是不必要的，是减少机械效率的重要因素之一，机械设备要在克服此能量损耗的同时完成工作。
氮气是稳定的惰性气体，在家电、家具、汽车等领域开始广泛使用。氮气弹簧体积小、弹力大、行程长、工作平稳，制造精密，使用寿命长(一百万次)，弹力曲线平缓，以及不需要预紧等等，它具有金属弹簧、橡胶和气垫等常规弹性组件难于完成的工作。
但大型氮气弹簧系统制作难度大，精度高，成本高。
也就是说，无论单独使用氮气弹簧还是单独使用液压缸均会产生一定的弊端，不能做到最佳的节能、省力的效果。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种氮气蓄能液压缸，以解决上述的问题。
在本实用新型的实施例中提供了一种氮气蓄能液压缸，包括缸体、活塞、活塞杆、进出油孔和进出气孔；
所述活塞设置在所述缸体内，将所述缸体内部分隔为两个腔体；
所述活塞杆的一端与所述活塞连接，另一端在所述缸体的一端伸出；
所述缸体内被所述活塞分隔的两个腔体中，设置有活塞杆的腔体为油腔，没有设置活塞杆的腔体为氮气腔；
所述进出油孔设置在所述缸体上，一端与所述油腔连通，能够给所述油腔供油和能够将所述油腔内的油排出；
所述进出气孔设置在所述缸体上，一端与所述氮气腔连通，能够给所述氮气腔供气和能够将所述氮气腔内的氮气排出。
进一步的，氮气蓄能液压缸还包括备用气缸；
所述备用气缸通过所述进出气孔与所述氮气腔连通。
进一步的，所述备用气缸为环状；
所述备用气缸套设在所述缸体的一端。
进一步的，所述备用气缸上设置有灭火软管；
所述灭火软管通过手动阀与所述备用气缸连通，能够利用备用气缸内的氮气进行灭火。
进一步的，所述活塞与所述缸体之间设置有密封结构，用于隔离所述油腔与所述氮气腔。
进一步的，所述密封结构包括高压油气封、两个支撑环和两个纳污环；
两个所述支撑环设置在所述高压油气封的两侧；
所述纳污环设置在所述支撑环远离所述高压油气封的一侧。
进一步的，所述活塞杆与所述缸体之间设置有高压油封。
进一步的，氮气蓄能液压缸还包括防爆阀；
所述防爆阀与所述氮气腔连通，用于防止氮气压缩后高温爆炸。
进一步的，所述防爆阀为泄压阀。
进一步的，所述缸体远离所述油腔的一端设置有吊耳；
所述活塞杆远离所述活塞的一端设置有吊耳。
本实用新型提供的氮气蓄能液压缸，采用了将缸体内的两个腔室分别设置为不同的介质，一个为液体的液压油，一个为气体的氮气，也就是将液压缸和氮气缸合并为一个缸体，既实现了原有的功能，又降低了整个装置的体积。将活塞杆附加在设备上，将缸体设置在设备的底座上，通过氮气腔给油腔提供推动力，整个装置不使用设备的发动机的动力，从而实现在不消耗设备功率的情况下，增加了设备的举升力，进一步增加了工作效率及工作半径。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型具体实施方式或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对具体实施方式或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本实用新型的一些实施方式，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本实用新型氮气蓄能液压缸的结构示意图；
图2为本实用新型氮气蓄能液压缸的备用气缸的结构示意图；
图3为本实用新型氮气蓄能液压缸的密封结构的结构示意图。
附图标记：
1：吊耳 2：活塞杆 3：进出油孔
4：油腔 5：活塞 6：氮气腔
7：备用气缸 8：充放气阀组 9：灭火软管
10：手动阀 11：高压油封 12：防爆阀
13：防尘封 14:高压油气封 15：支撑环
16：纳污环
具体实施方式
为使本实用新型的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将对本实用新型的技术方案进行清楚、完整的描述。显然，所描述的实施例仅是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动的前提下所得到的所有其它实施例，都属于本实用新型所保护的范围。
在本实用新型的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本实用新型和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本实用新型的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本实用新型的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本实用新型中的具体含义。
如附图所示，本实用新型提供了一种氮气蓄能液压缸，包括缸体、活塞5、活塞杆2、进出油孔3和进出气孔；
所述活塞5设置在所述缸体内，将所述缸体内部分隔为两个腔体；
所述活塞杆2的一端与所述活塞5连接，另一端在所述缸体的一端伸出；
所述缸体内被所述活塞5分隔的两个腔体中，设置有活塞杆2的腔体为油腔4，没有设置活塞杆2的腔体为氮气腔6；
所述进出油孔3设置在所述缸体上，一端与所述油腔4连通，能够给所述油腔4供油和能够将所述油腔4内的油排出；
所述进出气孔设置在所述缸体上，一端与所述氮气腔6连通，能够给所述氮气腔6供气和能够将所述氮气腔6内的氮气排出。
氮气是稳定的惰性气体，在家电、家具、汽车等领域开始广泛使用。氮气弹簧体积小、弹力大、行程长、工作平稳，制造精密，使用寿命长(一百万次)，弹力曲线平缓，以及不需要预紧等等，它具有金属弹簧、橡胶和气垫等常规弹性组件难于完成的工作。但大型氮气弹簧系统制作难度大，精度高，成本高。继而使用氮气的特性制作氮气与液压系统的组合体，氮 气储能罐，即氮气缸。使用氮气缸与液压缸组成的类似连通器装置，起到设备的工作装置的举升的辅助动力和下降的势能回收的作用。
先通过进出油孔3向缸体的油腔4内注入所需量的液压油，再通过进出气孔向氮气腔6内注入所需压力的氮气，之后将进出气孔密封。
在使用过程中，活塞杆2与重物连接，当重物给活塞杆2一个压力时，活塞杆2带动活塞5移动，进而压缩氮气腔6的空间，此时，进出油孔3内液压油从外界流进油腔4内，氮气腔6内的高压氮气被压缩，通过氮气缓冲作用，进一步将重物下降的势能产生的多余热能抵消，开始蓄能；当使用本装置给提升重物的动力装置提供辅助动力时，氮气腔6内的高压氮气的压力释放，推动活塞5上移，带动活塞杆2上移，继而给与活塞杆2连接的重物一个上升的力，起到辅助动力作用。
本装置将液压缸和氮气缸的功能合并在一个缸体内，通过氮气腔6内的氮气进行蓄能，给油腔4推力，进而不仅能够作为辅助动力使用，还压缩了整个装置的空间占有率，减小了装置的体积，降低了装置的重量。
优选的实施方式为，氮气蓄能液压缸还包括备用气缸7；
所述备用气缸7通过所述进出气孔与所述氮气腔6连通。
在氮气腔6外连通一个备用气缸7，相当于扩大了氮气腔6的容积，进而增加了氮气腔6的蓄能效果。
备用气缸7的容积大小根据活塞5的行程决定，当行程较大时可以选用容积较大的备用气缸7，行程较小时，可以选用容积较小的备用气缸7。
在备用气缸上设置充放气阀组8，通过充放气阀组8可以给备用气缸7进行充气。
优选的实施方式为，所述备用气缸7为环状；
所述备用气缸7套设在所述缸体的一端。
将备用气缸7设置为环状，其内环套设在缸体上，也就是将备用气缸7和缸体形成一个整体，进而使整个装置体积在设置了备用气缸7后不产生较大变化，充分利用了每一点空间。
优选的实施方式为，所述备用气缸7上设置有灭火软管9；
所述灭火软管9通过手动阀10与所述备用气缸7连通，能够利用备用气缸7内的氮气进行灭火。
在备用气缸7上连接灭火软管9，通过手动阀10控制备用气缸7与灭火软管9的连通，进而可以使用备用气缸7内的氮气进行灭火，进而增加了本装置的功能，使其的使用范围更加的广泛，应用多元化。
优选的实施方式为，所述活塞5与所述缸体之间设置有密封结构，用于隔离所述油腔4与所述氮气腔6。
活塞5与缸体之间需要有严实的密封，以防止氮气从氮气腔6内进入到油腔4中，进而无法保证氮气的蓄能能力。
优选的实施方式为，所述密封结构包括高压油气封14、两个支撑环15和两个纳污环16；
两个所述支撑环15设置在所述高压油气封14的两侧；
所述纳污环16设置在所述支撑环15远离所述高压油气封14的一侧。
高压油气封14将两个腔体完全密封，将氮气腔6内的氮气和油腔4内的液压油完全隔离，保证了两腔的密封性。
在高压油气封14的两侧设置支撑环15，将活塞5与缸体之间进行支撑保护，降低了活塞5、高压油气封14与缸体之间的摩擦。
由于油腔4内有液压油的进出，氮气腔6内有氮气的进出，由于两个腔体内均会与外界进行连通，因此会对腔体内造成一定的污染，如灰尘污染等，这些污染有可能会对高压油气封14造成破坏，在密封结构的两侧，也就是支撑环15远离高压油气封14的一侧设置有纳污环16，将两侧的腔体内的灰尘等污染物吸收，避免了对高压油气封14的破坏，提高了密封结构的密封性和使用寿命。
优选的实施方式为，所述活塞杆2与所述缸体之间设置有高压油封11。
在活塞杆2与缸体之间也需要通过高压油封11进行很好的密封，以避免油腔4内的液压油从活塞杆2与缸体之间溢出，进而造成液压油的泄漏，进一步对环境造成污染。
为保证高压油封11的使用寿命，避免外界环境对其造成破坏，可以在高压油封11的外侧设置防尘封13，通过防尘封13保证灰尘等污染物不会对高压油封11造成破坏。
优选的实施方式为，氮气蓄能液压缸还包括防爆阀12；
所述防爆阀12与所述氮气腔6连通，用于防止氮气压缩后高温爆炸。
在进出气孔上或者在备用气缸7上设置防爆阀12，当其内的氮气的压力过大或温度过高时，防爆阀12开启，释放氮气，减轻氮气腔6内的压力，避免由于压力过大而发生爆炸。
一般在压力较大时，均会伴随着高温，因此，本实施例中的防爆阀12采用了定温融化的材料对进出气孔或备用气缸7的进出气管进行密封，当 温度超过额定温度后，材料融化，氮气腔6或备用气缸7内的氮气排出，给氮气腔6或备用气缸7减压，进而保证了装置的使用安全性。
优选的实施方式为，所述防爆阀12为泄压阀。
泄压阀能够根据系统的工作压力自动启闭，一般安装于封闭系统的设备或管路上保护系统安全。当设备或管道内压力超过泄压阀设定压力时，即自动开启泄压，保证设备和管道内介质压力在设定压力之下，保护设备和管道，防止发生意外。
因此，根据泄压阀的功能可以看出，防爆阀12还可以使用泄压阀来进行防爆，即当压力过大时，自动开启泄压。
优选的实施方式为，所述缸体远离所述油腔4的一端设置有吊耳1；
所述活塞杆2远离所述活塞5的一端设置有吊耳1。
通过在活塞杆2远离活塞5的一端设置吊耳1与辅助的重物连接，在缸体远离油腔4的一端设置吊耳1，使之固定。
通过两个吊耳1的设置，可以很简单的将本装置与需要进行辅助动力的装置连接。
需要指出的是，与需要进行辅助动力的装置的连接方式可以是吊耳1，但其不仅仅局限于吊耳1，其还可以是其他结构，如可以是吊钩，如可以是固定座等，只要能够将本装置与需要进行辅助动力的装置连接即可。
总上述可以看出，本实用新型为进一步节能开启了新的途径，动臂节能。在不影响设备其他节能系统工作的情况下，进一步为机械系统节能，减少工作时设备产生的不必要能耗。
本实用新型一般可以由下列零部件组成：
缸体、控制阀、吊耳1、集成控制块。
根据机械设备的不同类型，将本实用新型的氮气蓄能液压缸根据需要通过安装吊耳1或者其他刚性连接方式安装在设备上，固定后通过集成控制块控制进出气孔给缸体内的氮气腔6加压，压力值根据设备需要自行调节。
装置运作过程及原理如下：
氮气蓄能液压缸通过控制阀与设备的液压系统连接，可以控制油腔4内的液压强度，油腔4内的液压与与氮气腔6内的稳定气压相互作用。在伸长过程中，氮气腔6内的高压氮气将压力通过活塞5气封端，向另一端传递，为机械设备提供辅助动力，在大功率工作时，避免发动机因过分运作发生冒黑烟的问题。
在收缩过程中，在不影响原设备势能回收系统及流量再生系统的情况下，通过氮气缓冲作用，进一步将势能产生的多余热能抵消，而且通过控制阀给油腔4增加液压动力，减少对设备各部件的损耗，增加使用寿命。
装置失效的安全问题：
氮气腔6是独立的密封环境，但当长期使用造成高压油气封14老化时，氮气会进入到油腔4内并从油缸杆处溢出，不会影响设备本身的液压系统。而高压油封11老化后，不会影响氮气腔6内的压力，只会在工作中从油缸杆处溢出液压油，不会影响工作。
两种情况都不会发生危险。可装置与设备相连，油缸溢油很容易发现，可及时将装置拆卸更换高压油封11。即使未能及时发现导致装置失效，氮 气溢出也不会影响设备自身的安全系统，溢出的氮气也不影响环境，装置只需要拆卸更换配件便能继续使用，没有安全隐患。
本实用新型在作业过程中，工作装置的重力势能造成的能耗得到最大程度的优化，不消耗额外的机械能,既节省能量，又减少了液压系统的发热和回转轴承等处的动载荷。在机重相同的前提下,作业稳定性提高,这对性能、节省燃料有着非常重要的意义。
本实用新型能进一步减少势能损失、减少热能释放、减少碳排放，提高机械效率，增加机件使用寿命，减少燃油用量，降低工作成本。本实用新型结构简单，独立便捷，为许多机械设备的技术进步和自然环境保护做出贡献。
本实用新型提供的氮气蓄能液压缸，采用了将缸体内的两个腔室分别设置为不同的介质，一个为液体的液压油，一个为气体的氮气，也就是将液压缸和氮气缸合并为一个缸体，既实现了原有的功能，又降低了整个装置的体积。将活塞杆2附加在设备上，将缸体设置在设备的底座上，通过氮气腔6给油腔4提供推动力，整个装置不使用设备的发动机的动力，从而实现在不消耗设备功率的情况下，增加了设备的举升力，进一步增加了工作效率及工作半径。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本实用新型的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本实用新型进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这 些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本实用新型各实施例技术方案的范围。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种氮气蓄能液压缸，其特征在于，包括缸体、活塞、活塞杆、进出油孔和进出气孔；
    所述活塞设置在所述缸体内，将所述缸体内部分隔为两个腔体；
    所述活塞杆的一端与所述活塞连接，另一端在所述缸体的一端伸出；
    所述缸体内被所述活塞分隔的两个腔体中，设置有活塞杆的腔体为油腔，没有设置活塞杆的腔体为氮气腔；
    所述进出油孔设置在所述缸体上，一端与所述油腔连通，能够给所述油腔供油和能够将所述油腔内的油排出；
    所述进出气孔设置在所述缸体上，一端与所述氮气腔连通，能够给所述氮气腔供气和能够将所述氮气腔内的氮气排出。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的氮气蓄能液压缸，其特征在于，还包括备用气缸；
    所述备用气缸通过所述进出气孔与所述氮气腔连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的氮气蓄能液压缸，其特征在于，所述备用气缸为环状；
    所述备用气缸套设在所述缸体的一端。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的氮气蓄能液压缸，其特征在于，所述备用气缸上设置有灭火软管；
    所述灭火软管通过手动阀与所述备用气缸连通，能够利用备用气缸内的氮气进行灭火。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的氮气蓄能液压缸，其特征在于，所述活塞与所述缸体之间设置有密封结构，用于隔离所述油腔与所述氮气腔。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的氮气蓄能液压缸，其特征在于，所述密封结构包括高压油气封、两个支撑环和两个纳污环；
    两个所述支撑环设置在所述高压油气封的两侧；
    所述纳污环设置在所述支撑环远离所述高压油气封的一侧。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的氮气蓄能液压缸，其特征在于，所述活塞杆与所述缸体之间设置有高压油封。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的氮气蓄能液压缸，其特征在于，还包括防爆阀；
    所述防爆阀与所述氮气腔连通，用于防止氮气压缩后高温爆炸。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的氮气蓄能液压缸，其特征在于，所述防爆阀为泄压阀。
  10. 根据权利要求1-9任一项所述的氮气蓄能液压缸，其特征在于，所述缸体远离所述油腔的一端设置有吊耳；
    所述活塞杆远离所述活塞的一端设置有吊耳。
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CN108999773A (zh) * 2018-06-04 2018-12-14 广州晨新自控设备有限公司 一种用于压缩机的自动注油机
CN109030226A (zh) * 2018-07-06 2018-12-18 郑州四维机电装备制造有限公司 液压支架试验台及其底座
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