WO2016127384A1 - 导光板以及led灯具 - Google Patents

导光板以及led灯具 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016127384A1
WO2016127384A1 PCT/CN2015/072974 CN2015072974W WO2016127384A1 WO 2016127384 A1 WO2016127384 A1 WO 2016127384A1 CN 2015072974 W CN2015072974 W CN 2015072974W WO 2016127384 A1 WO2016127384 A1 WO 2016127384A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
substrate
led
light guiding
diffuse reflection
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PCT/CN2015/072974
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
蓝萍海
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杭州康榕进出口有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2015/072974 priority Critical patent/WO2016127384A1/zh
Publication of WO2016127384A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016127384A1/zh

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S2/00—Systems of lighting devices, not provided for in main groups F21S4/00 - F21S10/00 or F21S19/00, e.g. of modular construction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of lighting or decorative lighting fixtures, in particular to light guide plates and LED lamps.
  • the tungsten filament lamp is an incandescent lamp made of tungsten wire as a filament, and the filament is electrically heated to an incandescent state, and an electric light source that emits visible light by heat radiation is used.
  • tungsten wire is easy to oxidize, so the internal seal is required, the toughness of the tungsten wire is not high, so the product stability is not good;
  • the shell can only be made of glass, so fragile, and the safety is poor.
  • the prior art discloses a luminaire that replaces a tungsten filament with an LED.
  • the luminaire combines the LED wafers in series and in parallel to form a tungsten filament, and all of the LED wafers emit light after being energized.
  • the lamp can replace the original tungsten lamp, it is expensive. And because there are more LED chips, the voltage and current are still higher, and the product safety performance is not good.
  • the present invention has been directed to the above problems, and has proposed a light guide plate and an LED lamp having a simple structure.
  • the problem that the prior art is expensive and the product safety is not good is solved.
  • a light guide plate includes a light guide substrate, the light guide substrate has a light incident sidewall; At least one sidewall of the optical substrate that intersects the light entrance sidewall has a plurality of continuous or discontinuous diffuse reflection points.
  • Total reflection refers to the reflection of light from the medium of light-density (that is, the refractive index of light in this medium) to the interface of the medium (that is, the light has a small refractive index in the medium), all of which are reflected back into the original medium.
  • the phenomenon. Diffuse reflection is a phenomenon in which light projected on a rough surface is reflected in various directions.
  • the distance between the control light source and the light-incident sidewall can totally reflect the majority of the light entering the light-guiding substrate. At this time, the light passes through the sidewall opposite to the light-incident sidewall after multiple times of total reflection, and the light guide substrate is further Only a very small amount of light passes through the entrance side of the light.
  • a diffuse reflection point on the side wall it is possible to destroy the total reflection of the point, so that the light can pass through the light-conducting substrate through the diffuse reflection point, that is, the light of the diffuse reflection point can be realized.
  • the light that is incident on the sidewall of the light incident can be LED light. Compared with the tungsten wire composed of a series and a parallel connection of the LED chip, not only the voltage and current are low, but also the price is low.
  • the diffuse reflection point may be continuous or discontinuous. When it is a continuous point, it forms a line or a surface. When it is a discontinuous point, it can constitute a diffuse reflection area. By controlling the diffuse reflection point, each can be processed.
  • a pattern of diffuse reflections such as dots, lines, faces, or graphics. When a light source is incident on the light incident side wall of the light guiding substrate, the dots, lines, faces or patterns formed by the plurality of diffuse reflection points can transmit light.
  • the diffuse reflection point is a bump or a pit.
  • bumps or pits can destroy the smoothness of the sidewalls of the light guiding substrate, that is, to form a diffuse reflection.
  • bumps can be produced by injection molding, injection molding, etc., and pits can be processed by injection molding, laser engraving, single-point diamond processing, and the like.
  • the diffuse reflection point is a crystal or ink fixed to the side wall of the light guiding substrate.
  • the crystal or ink may be processed onto a light guiding substrate by a process such as screen printing or photolithography.
  • the invention also discloses a light guide plate, comprising a light guide substrate, the light guide substrate has a light incident sidewall; the light guide substrate has a diffuse color point, and the diffuse reflection point is a bubble or a particle.
  • the particles are particles having a scattering function.
  • the light guide plate is similar to the above light guide plate by diffuse reflection
  • the dots or particles destroy the total reflection of light in the light guide plate such that the light passes through the diffuse reflection point and the particles and then exits the side wall of the light guide substrate.
  • the invention discloses an LED lamp, characterized in that it comprises:
  • An LED light panel disposed on the mount, the LED light panel having at least one LED lighting unit;
  • At least one light guiding substrate fixed to the mounting seat or the LED light board, the light guiding substrate has a light incident side wall corresponding to the LED light emitting unit, at least one of the light guiding substrate and the light guiding substrate
  • the sidewalls intersecting the entrance sidewalls have a number of continuous or discontinuous diffuse reflection points.
  • the LED light panel is further provided with a control circuit of the LED light.
  • the LED luminaire further includes an adapter and a power plug.
  • the mount of the LED luminaire is a standard base 20 having a power conversion circuit board therein.
  • the diffuse reflection point may be continuous or discontinuous. When it is a continuous point, it forms a line or a surface. When it is a discontinuous point, it can constitute a diffuse reflection area. By controlling the diffuse reflection point, each can be processed. A pattern of diffuse reflections, such as dots, lines, faces, or graphics.
  • the diffuse reflection point is a bump or a pit.
  • the diffuse reflection point is formed by a crystal or ink printed on the light guiding substrate.
  • the light guiding substrate has a cross section of a cross or a regular polygon.
  • the light-guiding substrate of this structure can be directly injection-molded, and the process is relatively simple. Even a convex-concave structure can be provided in the injection mold, and at the same time, the light-guide substrate is formed simultaneously. Diffuse point.
  • the LED is used as the light source, and the oxidation problem is not considered.
  • the light transmissive cover is fixed to the mounting seat, and the light guiding substrate is located in the transparent cover.
  • the light guide substrate can be protected by providing a light transmissive cover to prevent dust or the like from entering the light guide substrate to reduce luminous efficiency.
  • the translucent cover can be made of a plastic material such as PMMA, and now the glass material can increase the safety of the lamp.
  • the plurality of light guiding substrates are plural, and each of the light guiding substrates is evenly distributed along an axis of the LED light panel.
  • the LED light-emitting unit is disposed in a gap-fitted manner with the light-incident side wall.
  • the light-incident side wall of the light-guiding substrate has a groove, and the LED light-emitting unit is disposed at In the groove.
  • the number of the light guiding substrates is 2, and the light guiding substrate has an elongated shape, wherein one of the light guiding substrates has an upper notch along its own axis direction, and the other light guiding substrate has a lower notch along its own axis direction.
  • the length direction of the two notches is perpendicular to the LED light board, and the two light guiding substrates are inserted into the two recesses to form a cross shape.
  • One end of the upper notch is disposed at a middle portion of the light guiding substrate, and the other end is communicated with the light incident sidewall; one end of the lower recess is disposed at a middle portion of the light guiding substrate, and the other end is connected to a sidewall opposite to the light incident sidewall .
  • the two light guiding substrates can be better matched by the upper notch and the lower notch, and the assembly efficiency is high.
  • the invention discloses another LED lamp, comprising:
  • An LED light panel disposed on the mount, the LED light panel having at least one LED lighting unit;
  • At least one light guiding substrate fixed to the mounting seat or the LED light board the light guiding substrate has a light incident sidewall corresponding to the LED light emitting unit, and the light guiding substrate has a diffuse color point.
  • the diffuse reflection point is a bubble or a particle.
  • the pattern on the light guiding substrate can be set arbitrarily, not only the single line pattern, but also various types of color patterns. Unlike the tungsten filament lamp, the tungsten wire needs to form an energized circuit;
  • the products can be made into Class III lamps (lights that are protected against electric shock by means of safety extra low voltage), so that the safety is greatly improved;
  • 1 is a schematic view showing total reflection of a light guiding substrate
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the operation of a light guiding substrate having pits
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of A in Figure 2;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the operation of a light guiding substrate having an ink or a crystal
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of B in Figure 4.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing the operation of a light guiding substrate having bumps
  • Figure 7 is an enlarged view of C in Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic view showing the operation of a light guiding substrate having particles
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural view of a light guiding substrate
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural view of a light guiding substrate having a groove
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural view of a light guiding substrate having one light emitting sidewall
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a light guiding substrate having two light emitting sidewalls
  • Figure 13 is an exploded view of the LED luminaire
  • Figure 14 is a front elevational view of the first light guiding substrate
  • Figure 15 is a front elevational view of the second light guiding substrate
  • Figure 16 is a front elevational view of the mounting plate
  • Figure 17 is a layout view of four light guiding substrates
  • Figure 18 is a layout view of six light guiding substrates
  • Figure 19 is an exploded view of another LED luminaire
  • Fig. 20 is a plan view of a light guiding substrate having a cross shape in cross section.
  • the light of the light source 1 enters the light guide substrate 2, the light is totally reflected, and finally, after a total number of total reflections, the light passes through the sidewall opposite to the light incident sidewall.
  • a light guide plate includes a light guide substrate 2 having a light incident side wall; at least one side wall of the light guide substrate intersecting the light incident side wall has a plurality of continuous or not Continuous diffuse reflection points.
  • the diffuse reflection point may be a pit 3, and as shown in FIG. 7, the diffuse reflection point may also be a bump 19.
  • the design of the bumps or pits can destroy the smoothness of the sidewalls of the light guiding substrate, that is, to form a diffuse reflection.
  • bumps can be produced by injection molding, injection molding, etc., and pits can be processed by injection molding, laser engraving, single-point diamond processing, and the like.
  • the diffuse reflection point may be continuous or discontinuous, and when it is a continuous point, it constitutes a line or a surface, and when it is a discontinuous point, it may constitute a diffuse reflection area.
  • the light incident side wall of the light guiding substrate 2 has a recess 6, so that the light source 1 can be disposed in the recess.
  • the light emitted by the light source 1 will pass through the pit 3 or the bump 19, that is, the human eye looks like a pit or a bump.
  • a light guide plate differs from the light guide plate of Embodiment 1 in that the diffuse reflection point is a crystal 4 or ink fixed to the side wall of the light guide substrate.
  • the diffuse reflection point is the crystal 4.
  • the crystal 4 can be processed onto the light guiding substrate by a process such as screen printing, and in this embodiment, the crystal is titanium dioxide, and the ink can be processed onto the light guiding substrate by a photolithography process or the like.
  • the light emitted by the light source 1 will pass through the crystal 4, that is, the human eye appears to emit light from the crystal 4.
  • a light guide plate is different from the light guide plates of Embodiments 1 and 2 in that the side wall of the light guide substrate 2 has no diffuse reflection point, but the light guide substrate has a diffuse color point and a diffuse reflection point. It is a particle 5 having a scattering function. In addition to arranging particles, bubbles can be used to form diffuse reflection points in the light guide substrate.
  • the light guide plate is similar to the above-mentioned light guide plate, and the total reflection of the light in the light guide plate is destroyed by the diffuse reflection point or the particle, so that the light passes through the diffuse reflection point and the particle back shot.
  • the side wall of the light guiding substrate is taken out.
  • the light emitted from the light source 1 changes direction in the particles 5 and then passes out of the side wall of the light guiding substrate, that is, the human eye appears to emit light from the particles 5.
  • an LED luminaire includes:
  • the LED light board 10 is disposed on the mount, the LED light board has at least one LED lighting unit 11;
  • the light guiding substrate has a light incident sidewall corresponding to the LED lighting unit 11;
  • the translucent cover 14 is fixed to the mounting base 7, and the light guiding substrate is located in the translucent cover.
  • the mounting seat 7 is fixed with a mounting plate 9 fixed in the mounting seat 7 by snapping or bolting, and the LED light board 10 is mounted on the mounting plate 9.
  • the LED light board There is also a control circuit for LED lights (not shown). In addition to being disposed on the LED panel 10, the control circuit can also be disposed on the mount 7.
  • the two light guiding substrates are the first light guiding substrate 12 and the second light guiding substrate 13, respectively, and the two light guiding substrates are all elongated, wherein the first light guiding substrate 12 has a direction along the axis of the axis.
  • the second light guiding substrate 13 has an upper notch 17 in the direction of its own axis. As shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, one end of the upper notch 16 is disposed in the middle of the light guiding substrate, and the other end and the light incident side wall.
  • One end of the lower recess 17 is disposed in the middle of the light guiding substrate, and the other end is connected to the side wall opposite to the light incident side wall, and the length direction of the two notches is perpendicular to the LED light board 10, and the two light guiding substrates
  • the cross shape is formed by two notch plug-in fittings.
  • the two light guiding substrates can be better matched by the upper notch and the lower notch, and the assembly efficiency is high.
  • the two ends of the light guiding substrate of the two light guiding substrates have positioning posts 15
  • the mounting plate 9 is provided with positioning slots 18 that cooperate with the positioning posts 15 .
  • the two light guiding substrates may be fixed by an interference fit of the positioning post 15 and the positioning groove 18, or may be fixed by an adhesive.
  • the light guiding substrate can be fixed to the LED lamp panel 10 as needed.
  • the LED light-emitting unit 10 can be disposed in a gap fit or fit with the light-incident sidewall.
  • the light-incident sidewall of the light-guiding substrate can be provided with a groove.
  • the light emitting unit is disposed in the recess.
  • the light guiding substrate of the embodiment has at least one continuous or discontinuous diffuse reflection point on the sidewall intersecting the light incident sidewall, and the diffuse reflection point may be a bump or a pit, or may be fixed on the light guiding substrate side. Wall crystal or ink. That is, the light guiding substrate having the diffuse reflection point of this embodiment is the same as the light guiding plates of Embodiments 1 and 2.
  • a diffuse reflection point may be disposed in the light guiding substrate except that a diffuse reflection point is disposed on the sidewall.
  • the diffuse reflection point may be a bubble or a particle having a scattering function, that is, the guide of Embodiment 3.
  • the light board is the same.
  • the mounting seat of the LED lamp can be the lamp cap 20, and the power conversion circuit board 21 is provided in the lamp cap.
  • the base 20 can be a standard size head such as E27, B27, E14.
  • the diffuse reflection point or the particles of the light guiding substrate may be continuous or discontinuous, and when it is a continuous point, a line or a surface is formed, and when it is a discontinuous point, a diffuse reflection area may be formed, and the processing may be performed as needed. Patterns of various shapes are formed, and when the LED lighting unit is operated, light is emitted at the pattern, that is, it is bright.
  • an LED lamp is different from the embodiment 4 in that the number and arrangement of the light guiding substrates are different.
  • the number of the light guiding substrates is 4 or 6, and the light guiding substrates 2 are evenly distributed along the axis of the LED lamp board. See Figures 17 and 18.
  • the light guiding substrates 2 each have a light incident side wall corresponding to the LED light emitting unit.
  • the light guiding substrate may be filled with particles having a scattering function or at least a light guiding substrate.
  • the diffuse reflection point may be a bump or a pit, or may be fixed on the guide.
  • the shape of the LED light panel of the LED lamp is not necessarily round, and the light guide substrate may also be arranged in a non-uniform manner.
  • An LED lamp differs from Embodiment 4 in that the number of light guiding substrates is one, and the cross section of the light guiding substrate is a cross shape, as shown in FIG.
  • the light guiding substrate of such a structure can be directly injection molded, and the process is relatively simple.
  • the cross section of the light guiding substrate may be a regular polygon or the like in addition to a cross shape. The shape is such that the cross section is more beautiful and the area is larger.
  • the light guiding substrate 2 has a light incident side wall corresponding to the LED light emitting unit.
  • the light guiding substrate may be filled with particles having a scattering function or the light guiding substrate may have at least A sidewall intersecting the entrance sidewall has a plurality of continuous or discontinuous diffuse reflection points.
  • the diffuse reflection point may be a bump or a pit, or may be fixed at the light guide. Crystal or ink on the sidewall of the substrate.
  • a convex-concave structure may be disposed in the injection mold, and a diffuse reflection point is simultaneously formed while forming the light guiding substrate.
  • the light guiding substrate is made of a material having a relatively high refractive index such as PMMA, PS or glass.
  • the shape of the light guiding substrate may also be a plurality of regular patterns such as a rectangular parallelepiped, a cube or a cylinder, or other irregular patterns.
  • the present application mainly destroys the total reflection by processing the light guiding substrate to change the propagation of light in the place to be treated.
  • the processed area will illuminate.

Abstract

一种导光板以及LED灯具，其中，灯具包括：安装座（7）、LED灯板（10）以及至少一个导光基板（2），导光基板（2）具有与LED发光单元（11）相对应的入光侧壁，导光基板（2）上至少有一个与入光侧壁相交的侧壁具有若干连续或不连续的漫反射点。通过设置漫反射点或颗粒来使光从导光基板（2）射出，工艺简单，生产效率高，能有效节约成本；且漫反射点可以组成任意的图形，即导光基板（2）的发光图案可以任意设置。

Description

导光板以及LED灯具 技术领域
本发明涉及照明或装饰性照明灯具领域，具体涉及导光板以及LED灯具。
背景技术
钨丝灯，是以钨丝作为灯丝制成的白炽灯，将灯丝通电加热到白炽状态，利用热辐射发出可见光的电光源。
钨丝灯具有如下缺点：
1、通电产生较大热量，耗电高，能效低；
2、只能做成高压产品，所以产品安全性能不好；
3、钨丝易氧化，所以要求内部密封，钨丝的韧性不高，所以产品稳定性不好；
4、对于那种里面灯丝形状复杂的产品，比如爱迪生复古白炽灯，做工要求细致，生产效率低；
5、外壳只能做成玻璃，这样易碎，且安全性较差。
针对传统钨丝灯存在的问题，现有技术公开了一种用LED替代钨丝的灯具，该灯具通过将LED晶片串并联一起组成钨丝，通电后全部LED晶片都会发光。该灯具虽然可以替代原有的钨丝灯，但是在价格昂贵。且因为采用的LED晶片较多，电压和电流还是较高，产品安全性能不好。
发明内容
本发明针对上述问题，提出了一种结构简单的导光板以及LED灯具。解决了现有技术价格昂贵，产品安全性不好的问题。
本发明采取的技术方案如下：
一种导光板，包括导光基板，所述导光基板具有一入光侧壁；所述导 光基板上至少有一个与所述入光侧壁相交的侧壁具有若干连续或不连续的漫反射点。
全反射是指光由光密(即光在此介质中的折射率大的)介质射到光疏(即光在此介质中折射率小的)介质的界面时，全部被反射回原介质内的现象。漫反射是投射在粗糙表面上的光向各个方向反射的现象。
控制光源与入光侧壁的距离能够使绝大数进入导光基板的光线全反射，此时光线经过多次全反射后从与入光侧壁相对的侧壁穿出，而导光基板其他从入光侧壁只有非常少量光线穿出。通过在侧壁设置漫反射点，能够破坏该点的全反射，使光线能够通过漫反射点穿出导光基板，即能实现漫反射点的发光。射向入光侧壁的可以为LED光，相对于采用LED晶片串并联组成的钨丝而言，不仅电压、电流会较低，且价格低廉。
所述漫反射点可以为连续点也可以不连续，当为连续点时即构成了线或者面，当为不连续点时可以构成漫反射区域，通过对漫反射点的控制，可以加工出各种形状的漫反射图案，如点、线、面或图形等。当有光源射入导光基板的入光侧壁时，这些由多个漫反射点构成的点、线、面或图形能够透光。
作为优选，所述漫反射点为凸点或者凹点。
凸点或者凹点的设计能够破坏导光基板侧壁的光滑度，即能形成漫反射。加工时可以通过射出成型、注塑等制造出凸点，通过注塑、激光雕刻、单点金刚石加工等工艺加工出凹点。
作为优选，所述漫反射点为固定在导光基板侧壁的晶体或油墨。
通过设置晶体或油墨来改变折射率，能够破坏导光基板内光的全反射，即晶体或油墨所在位置会有光线射出。
所述晶体或油墨可以通过丝网印刷或光刻等工艺加工到导光基板上。
本发明还公开了一种导光板，包括导光基板，所述导光基板具有一入光侧壁；所述导光基板内具有漫反色点，所述漫反射点为气泡或者颗粒。
作为优选，所述颗粒为具有散射功能的颗粒。
通过设置具有散射功能的颗粒能够改变进入颗粒后的光线方向，从而使光线从导光基板的侧壁射出。该导光板与上述导光板类似，通过漫反射 点或者颗粒破坏光在导光板内的全反射，使得光通过漫反射点和颗粒后射出导光基板的侧壁。
本发明公开了一种LED灯具，其特征在于，包括：
安装座；
设置在安装座上的LED灯板，所述LED灯板具有至少一个LED发光单元；
至少一个与所述安装座或所述LED灯板相对固定的导光基板，所述导光基板具有与所述LED发光单元相对应的入光侧壁，导光基板上至少有一个与所述入光侧壁相交的侧壁具有若干连续或不连续的漫反射点。
所述LED灯板上还设有LED灯的控制电路。
作为优选，所述LED灯具还包括适配器和电源插头。
作为优选，LED灯具的安装座为标准灯头20，所述灯头内具有电源转换电路板。
所述漫反射点可以为连续点也可以不连续，当为连续点时即构成了线或者面，当为不连续点时可以构成漫反射区域，通过对漫反射点的控制，可以加工出各种形状的漫反射图案，如点、线、面或图形等。
作为优选，所述漫反射点为凸点或者凹点。
作为优选，所述漫反射点由印制在导光基板上的晶体或油墨形成。
作为优选，所述导光基板的横截面为十字形或正多边形。
这样的横截面较为美观且面积也较大，这种结构的导光基板可以直接注塑成型，工艺也较为简单，甚至可以在注塑模具中设置凸凹结构，在形成导光基板的同时，也同时成形漫反射点。
采用LED作为光源，不用考虑氧化的问题，作为优选，还包括与所述安装座相对固定的透光罩，所述导光基板位于透光罩内。
通过设置透光罩能够对导光基板进行保护，防止灰尘等进入导光基板降低发光效率。所述透光罩可以为塑料材质如PMMA，现对于玻璃材质，能够增加灯具的安全性。
作为优选，所述导光基板为多个，各导光基板沿LED灯板的轴线均匀分布。
所述LED发光单元设置可以与入光侧壁间隙配合也可以贴合，为了加强光的利用率，作为优选，所述导光基板的入光侧壁具有凹槽，所述LED发光单元设置在所述凹槽中。
作为优选，所述导光基板数量为2，且导光基板为长条形，其中一个导光基板沿自身轴线方向具有一上凹口，另一个导光基板沿自身轴线方向具有一下凹口，且两个凹口的长度方向均垂直于所述LED灯板，两个导光基板通过两个凹口插接配合构成十字形。
所述上凹口的一端设置在导光基板中部，另一端与入光侧壁连通；所述下凹口的一端设置在导光基板的中部，另一端与入光侧壁相对的侧壁连通。通过上凹口和下凹口设置使得两块导光基板能够较好的配合，装配效率高。
本发明公开了另一种LED灯具，包括：
安装座；
设置在安装座上的LED灯板，所述LED灯板具有至少一个LED发光单元；
至少一个与所述安装座或所述LED灯板相对固定的导光基板，所述导光基板具有与所述LED发光单元相对应的入光侧壁，导光基板内具有漫反色点，所述漫反射点为气泡或者颗粒。
本发明的有益效果是：
1、导光基板上的图形可以任意设定，不只是单单的线条图形，也可以说彩色的各类图案，不像钨丝灯，钨丝需要形成一个通电的回路；
2、光源用LED或其他的低压光源的情况下，产品可以做成III类灯具(依靠安全特低电压做防触电保护的灯具)，这样安全性有很大的提高；
3、通过设置漫反射点或颗粒来使光从导光基板射出，工艺简单，生产效率高，能有效节约成本。
附图说明：
图1是导光基板进行全反射的示意图；
图2是具有凹点的导光基板的工作示意图；
图3是图2中A的放大图；
图4是具有油墨或晶体的导光基板的工作示意图；
图5是图4中B的放大图；
图6是具有凸点的导光基板的工作示意图；
图7是图6中C的放大图；
图8是具有颗粒的导光基板的工作示意图；
图9是导光基板的结构示意图；
图10是具有凹槽的导光基板的结构示意图；
图11是具有1个发光侧壁的导光基板的结构示意图；
图12是具有2个发光侧壁的导光基板的结构示意图；
图13是LED灯具的爆炸图；
图14是第一导光基板的正视图；
图15是第二导光基板的正视图；
图16是安装盘的正视图；
图17是4个导光基板的布置图；
图18是6个导光基板的布置图；
图19是另一种LED灯具的爆炸图；
图20是横截面为十字形的导光基板的俯视图。
图中各附图标记为：
1、光源，2、导光基板，3、凹点，4、晶体，5、颗粒，6、凹槽，7、安装座，9、安装盘，10、LED灯板，11、LED发光单元，12、第一导光基板，13、第二导光基板，14、透光罩，15、定位柱，16、下凹口，17、上凹口，18、定位槽，19、凸点，20、灯头，21、电源转换电路板。
具体实施方式：
下面结合各附图，对本发明做详细描述。
实施例1
如图1所示，光源1的光线进入导光基板2后，光线进行了全反射，最后光线经过多次全反射后从与入光侧壁相对的侧壁穿出。
如图2和6所示，一种导光板，包括导光基板2，导光基板具有一入光侧壁；导光基板上至少有一个与入光侧壁相交的侧壁具有若干连续或不连续的漫反射点。
如图3所示，漫反射点可以为凹点3，如图7所示，漫反射点还可以为凸点19。凸点或者凹点的设计能够破坏导光基板侧壁的光滑度，即能形成漫反射。加工时可以通过射出成型、注塑等制造出凸点，通过注塑、激光雕刻、单点金刚石加工等工艺加工出凹点。
本申请中，如图9、11和12所示，漫反射点可以为连续点也可以不连续，当为连续点时即构成了线或者面，当为不连续点时可以构成漫反射区域。
如图10所示，为了加强光源的利用率，导光基板2的入光侧壁具有凹槽6，这样光源1可以设置在凹槽中。
如图2和6所示，光源1发出的光线会在凹点3或凸点19处穿出，即人眼看上去凹点或凸点发光。
实施例2
如图4和5所示，一种导光板，与实施例1的导光板的区别在于，漫反射点为固定在导光基板侧壁的晶体4或油墨。本实施例中，漫反射点为晶体4。晶体4可以通过丝网印刷等工艺加工到导光基板上，且本实施例中晶体为二氧化钛，油墨可以通过光刻等工艺加工到导光基板上。
如图4所示，光源1发出的光线会在晶体4处穿出，即人眼看上去晶体4发光。
实施例3
如图8所示，一种导光板，与实施例1和2的导光板的区别在于，导光基板2的侧壁没有漫反射点，但导光基板内具有漫反色点，漫反射点为具有散射功能的颗粒5。除了设置颗粒，导光基板内还可以用气泡形成漫反射点。
通过设置具有散射功能的颗粒能够改变进入颗粒后的光线方向，从而使光线从导光基板的侧壁射出。该导光板与上述导光板类似，通过漫反射点或者颗粒破坏光在导光板内的全反射，使得光通过漫反射点和颗粒后射 出导光基板的侧壁。
如图8所示，光源1发出的光线会在颗粒5中改变方向然后穿出导光基板的侧壁，即人眼看上去颗粒5发光。
实施例4
如图13所示，一种LED灯具，包括：
安装座7；
设置在安装座上的LED灯板10，LED灯板具有至少一个LED发光单元11；
两个与安装座7相对固定的导光基板，导光基板具有与LED发光单元11相对应的入光侧壁；
与安装座7相对固定的透光罩14，导光基板位于透光罩内。
本实施例安装座7内固定有安装盘9，安装盘9通过卡接或者螺栓连接的固定在安装座7内，LED灯板10安装在安装盘9上，本实施例中，LED灯板上还设有LED灯的控制电路(图中未画出)。控制电路除了设置在LED灯板10上，还可以设置在安装座7上。
本实施例中，两个导光基板分别为第一导光基板12和第二导光基板13，且两个导光基板均为长条形，其中第一导光基板12沿自身轴线方向具有一下凹口16，第二导光基板13沿自身轴线方向具有一上凹口17，如图14和15所示，上凹口16的一端设置在导光基板中部，另一端与入光侧壁连通；下凹口17的一端设置在导光基板的中部，另一端与入光侧壁相对的侧壁连通，且两个凹口的长度方向均垂直于LED灯板10，两个导光基板通过两个凹口插接配合构成十字形。通过上凹口和下凹口设置使得两块导光基板能够较好的配合，装配效率高。
如图14～16所示，本实施例中，两个导光基板入光侧壁的两端具有定位柱15，安装盘9上设有与各定位柱15配合的定位槽18。两个导光基板可以通过定位柱15与定位槽18过盈配合固定，也可以通过粘胶固定。导光基板除了固定在安装盘9上，还可以根据需要固定在LED灯板10上。
本实施例LED发光单元10设置可以与入光侧壁间隙配合也可以贴合，为了加强光的利用率，导光基板的入光侧壁可以设置凹槽，此时LED 发光单元设置在凹槽中。
本实施例的导光基板至少有一个与入光侧壁相交的侧壁具有若干连续或不连续的漫反射点，漫反射点可以为凸点或者凹点，也可以为固定在导光基板侧壁的晶体或油墨。即本实施例具有漫反射点的导光基板与实施例1和2的导光板一样。本实施例的导光基板除了在侧壁设置漫反射点还可以在导光基板内设置漫反射点，此时，漫反射点可以为气泡或者具有散射功能的颗粒，即与实施例3的导光板一样。
如图19所示，为了方便安装和使用，LED灯具的安装座可以为灯头20，此时灯头内具有电源转换电路板21。灯头20可以为E27、B27、E14等标准的尺寸灯头。
本实施例导光基板的漫反射点或者颗粒可以为连续点也可以不连续，当为连续点时即构成了线或者面，当为不连续点时可以构成漫反射区域，加工时可以根据需要形成各种形状的图案，当LED发光单元工作时，图案处会有光线射出，即发亮。
实施例5
一种LED灯具，与实施例4的区别在于导光基板的数量和排布方式不同，本实施例导光基板数量4或者6个，且各导光基板2沿LED灯板的轴线均匀分布，见图17和18。与实施例4一样，导光基板2均具有与LED发光单元相对应的入光侧壁，为了破坏导光基板内部的全反射，导光基板内可以填充具有散射功能的颗粒或者导光基板至少有一个与入光侧壁相交的侧壁具有若干连续或不连续的漫反射点，当导光基板具有漫反射点上，该漫反射点可以为凸点或者凹点，也可以为固定在导光基板侧壁的晶体或油墨。
LED灯具的LED灯板形状不一定是圆的，且导光基板还可以呈非均匀排布。
实施例6
一种LED灯具，与实施例4的区别在于导光基板数量为1，且导光基板的横截面为十字形，见图20。这种结构的导光基板可以直接注塑成型，工艺较为简单。导光基板的横截面除了为十字形还可以为正多边形等多种 形状，这样的横截面较为美观且面积也较大。
与实施例4一样，导光基板2具有与LED发光单元相对应的入光侧壁，为了破坏导光基板内部的全反射，导光基板内可以填充具有散射功能的颗粒或者导光基板至少有一个与入光侧壁相交的侧壁具有若干连续或不连续的漫反射点，当导光基板具有漫反射点上，该漫反射点可以为凸点或者凹点，也可以为固定在导光基板侧壁的晶体或油墨。
当导光基板采用凸点或凹点作为漫反射点时，可以在注塑模具中设置凸凹结构，在形成导光基板的同时，也同时成形漫反射点。
本申请中，导光基板采用折射率较高材料制成，如PMMA、PS或玻璃等。导光基板形状也可以是多种，长方体，正方体或者圆柱体等规则图形或者其他不规则图形。
本申请主要通过对导光基板进行处理，破坏其全反射，使其在被处理的地方的光线的传播发生改变。当光源点亮后，被处理的地方会发亮。
以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例，并非因此即限制本发明的专利保护范围，凡是运用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换，直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域，均同理包括在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种导光板，其特征在于，包括导光基板，所述导光基板具有一入光侧壁；所述导光基板上至少有一个与所述入光侧壁相交的侧壁具有若干连续或不连续的漫反射点。
  2. 一种导光板，其特征在于，包括导光基板，所述导光基板具有一入光侧壁；所述导光基板内具有漫反色点，所述漫反射点为气泡或者颗粒。
  3. 一种LED灯具，其特征在于，包括：
    安装座；
    设置在安装座上的LED灯板，所述LED灯板具有至少一个LED发光单元；
    至少一个与所述安装座或所述LED灯板相对固定的导光基板，所述导光基板具有与所述LED发光单元相对应的入光侧壁，导光基板上至少有一个与所述入光侧壁相交的侧壁具有若干连续或不连续的漫反射点。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的LED灯具，其特征在于，所述漫反射点为凸点或者凹点。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的LED灯具，其特征在于，所述漫反射点为固定在导光基板侧壁的晶体或油墨。
  6. 如权利要求3所述的LED灯具，其特征在于，所述导光基板的横截面为十字形或正多边形。
  7. 如权利要求3所述的LED灯具，其特征在于，所述导光基板为多个，各导光基板沿LED灯板的轴线均匀分布。
  8. 如权利要求3所述的LED灯具，其特征在于，所述导光基板的入光侧壁具有凹槽，所述LED发光单元设置在所述凹槽中。
  9. 如权利要求3所述的LED灯具，其特征在于，所述导光基板数量为2，且导光基板为长条形，其中一个导光基板沿自身轴线方向具有一上凹口，另一个导光基板沿自身轴线方向具有一下凹口，且两个凹口的长度方向均垂直于所述LED灯板，两个导光基板通过两个凹口插接配合构成十字形。
  10. 一种LED灯具，其特征在于，包括：
    安装座；
    设置在安装座上的LED灯板，所述LED灯板具有至少一个LED发光单元；
    至少一个与所述安装座或所述LED灯板相对固定的导光基板，所述导光基板具有与所述LED发光单元相对应的入光侧壁，导光基板内具有漫反色点，所述漫反射点为气泡或者颗粒。
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101922633A (zh) * 2010-07-22 2010-12-22 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 Led照明装置
CN102483195A (zh) * 2009-06-24 2012-05-30 早水电机工业株式会社 照明装置
CN102537714A (zh) * 2010-12-08 2012-07-04 旭丽电子(广州)有限公司 导光式照明装置
CN103292212A (zh) * 2012-03-02 2013-09-11 株式会社S·K·G 发光装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102483195A (zh) * 2009-06-24 2012-05-30 早水电机工业株式会社 照明装置
CN101922633A (zh) * 2010-07-22 2010-12-22 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 Led照明装置
CN102537714A (zh) * 2010-12-08 2012-07-04 旭丽电子(广州)有限公司 导光式照明装置
CN103292212A (zh) * 2012-03-02 2013-09-11 株式会社S·K·G 发光装置

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