WO2016122299A1 - Système de liquéfaction de gaz assisté par de l'énergie solaire basé sur un système cryogénique de cycle de brayton inversé stimulé par une machine de stirling - Google Patents

Système de liquéfaction de gaz assisté par de l'énergie solaire basé sur un système cryogénique de cycle de brayton inversé stimulé par une machine de stirling Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016122299A1
WO2016122299A1 PCT/MX2015/000022 MX2015000022W WO2016122299A1 WO 2016122299 A1 WO2016122299 A1 WO 2016122299A1 MX 2015000022 W MX2015000022 W MX 2015000022W WO 2016122299 A1 WO2016122299 A1 WO 2016122299A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brayton cycle
stirling
stirling engine
solar
solar energy
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/MX2015/000022
Other languages
English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Jose Martin VELEZ DE LA ROCHA
Dino Alejandro Pardo Guzman
Original Assignee
Velez De La Rocha Jose Martin
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Velez De La Rocha Jose Martin filed Critical Velez De La Rocha Jose Martin
Priority to PCT/MX2015/000022 priority Critical patent/WO2016122299A1/fr
Publication of WO2016122299A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016122299A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0012—Primary atmospheric gases, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0005—Light or noble gases
    • F25J1/001—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/0002—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the fluid to be liquefied
    • F25J1/0022—Hydrocarbons, e.g. natural gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/003—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production
    • F25J1/0047—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle
    • F25J1/005—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures characterised by the kind of cold generation within the liquefaction unit for compensating heat leaks and liquid production using an "external" refrigerant stream in a closed vapor compression cycle by expansion of a gaseous refrigerant stream with extraction of work
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0257—Construction and layout of liquefaction equipments, e.g. valves, machines
    • F25J1/0262—Details of the cold heat exchange system
    • F25J1/0264—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams
    • F25J1/0265—Arrangement of heat exchanger cores in parallel with different functions, e.g. different cooling streams comprising cores associated exclusively with the cooling of a refrigerant stream, e.g. for auto-refrigeration or economizer
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0281—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc. characterised by the type of prime driver, e.g. hot gas expander
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J1/00—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures
    • F25J1/02—Processes or apparatus for liquefying or solidifying gases or gaseous mixtures requiring the use of refrigeration, e.g. of helium or hydrogen ; Details and kind of the refrigeration system used; Integration with other units or processes; Controlling aspects of the process
    • F25J1/0243—Start-up or control of the process; Details of the apparatus used; Details of the refrigerant compression system used
    • F25J1/0279—Compression of refrigerant or internal recycle fluid, e.g. kind of compressor, accumulator, suction drum etc.
    • F25J1/0285—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings
    • F25J1/0288—Combination of different types of drivers mechanically coupled to the same refrigerant compressor, possibly split on multiple compressor casings using work extraction by mechanical coupling of compression and expansion of the refrigerant, so-called companders
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25J—LIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
    • F25J2260/00—Coupling of processes or apparatus to other units; Integrated schemes
    • F25J2260/30—Integration in an installation using renewable energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines

Definitions

  • the present invention can be applied mainly in the gas liquefaction industry, cryogenic air separation industry, for oxygen and nitrogen production, and other sectors that require cryogenic temperatures, such as liquefaction of natural gas, hydrogen, LP gas and others from the petrochemical industry.
  • Reverse Brayton refrigerators have great efficiency; In addition, they practically do not produce vibrations in the system due to the high speed of compressor and turbine, their small size and the use of high precision gas ducts. Perhaps its main drawback is that compressor and turbine, although small, are difficult to miniaturize and, therefore, the development of small-sized devices is complicated. However, very low temperatures may be obtained, even below 10 K.
  • Dish - Stirling systems are the most developed. These systems can be analyzed in three main components: Concentrator / Tracking System; Cavity receiver; Stirling engine
  • the solar concentrators used in Dish / Stirling systems are usually revolution paraboloids with spot focus (there is actually a focal volume).
  • concentrators in the form of a spherical cap are used, since when the curvature of the concentrator is small, the behavior of the spherical mirror approaches the paraboloid.
  • the concentrators are made of a highly reflective material from the sun's rays, varying from polished metals to plastics or glass with depositions of silver or other metals.
  • the receiver is the system component that serves as a link between the concentrator that captures the Sun's electromagnetic radiation and the motor that converts that thermal energy into mechanical.
  • the receiver's mission is therefore to convert electromagnetic energy into thermal energy, in the most efficient way possible. Therefore, most of the receptors are cavity, with a small opening through which the radiation coming from the concentrator enters.
  • the absorber is located behind the opening, inside the cavity and convert the radiation into heat, reaching high temperatures.
  • the receiver can be direct or indirect, depending on the way in which it transmits heat from the absorber to the working gas of the Stirling engine.
  • the heat exchange tubes located in the receiver function as a heat exchange area in the heating area of the Stirling engine.
  • fluids in phase change are used as a thermal exchange system between the absorber and the Stirling Motor heater tubes.
  • the third element of Dish - Stirling systems is the Stirling engine itself.
  • the main characteristic of these engines, which make them suitable for this application, is the fact that they are external combustion machines, which allows them to adapt to solar energy, in addition to being machines that develop a regenerative cycle, so that the theoretical performance is the maximum attainable.
  • the development proposal consists of coupling three technologies of varying degrees of maturity, namely: a system of concentration of solar electromagnetic energy and its transformation into thermal energy; a system of transformation of thermal energy into mechanical energy by means of a Stirling regenerative cycle machine; and a cryogenic device based on the refrigeration cycle known as reverse Brayton, with regenerative heat exchanger, which will enable it to achieve cryogenic temperatures.
  • a system of concentration of solar electromagnetic energy and its transformation into thermal energy a system of transformation of thermal energy into mechanical energy by means of a Stirling regenerative cycle machine
  • a cryogenic device based on the refrigeration cycle known as reverse Brayton, with regenerative heat exchanger which will enable it to achieve cryogenic temperatures.
  • a solar powered motor made up of a segmented parabolic solar energy concentrator (1) at whose focal point a displacement cylinder (2) with displacement piston (3) of a Stirling cycle motor is arranged; said displacement piston (3) arranged reciprocatingly within the displacement cylinder (2) and receiving the heat captured by the solar concentrator (1), a power cylinder (4 ⁇ which inside contains a power piston [ 5) reciprocally arranged; said displacement cylinder (2) allows the admission and expulsion of helium into the cylinder using an interconnecting pipe (6) that connects the displacement cylinder (2) with the power cylinder (4) and that It has a chamber (7) of thermal insulation in its middle part with a filter (13) inside made of aluminum and adhered to the walls of the chamber (7) and with fins on the outside to help eliminate heat;
  • the pipe allows the flow of gas from one cylinder to the other A displacement rod (10) of the displacement piston (3) that is mechanically connected to the power rod (11) of the power piston (5) by means of a flywheel (12 ); both cylinder dros arranged in a linearly opposite
  • the rotational mechanical energy output of the Stirling machine will be used to provide the work required by a reverse Brayton cycle cooling device and is transmitted by means of a drive shaft (19) connected directly to the turbines.
  • This device has a compressor-turboexpansor binomial; and also includes a regenerative heat exchanger, which makes it possible to reach cryogenic temperatures in the area of heat subtraction.
  • the brayton system is composed of an expansion turbine (15), a regenerative heat exchanger (16) (recovers part of the cold produced), a thermal interface (17) with the load to be cooled and various heat expel devices . More refrigeration lines with more loads could be extended, as well as having another refrigerator as load to obtain several successive cooling stages.
  • the gas In the compressor (14) the gas is pressurized. This then passes through a thermal insulator (18) that expels heat from the gas to the outside, partially cooling the compressed gas. The gas then passes through the heat exchanger (16) and is cooled therein by the gas that returns at the end of the process to the compressor (14). Then the gas flow reaches the turbine of expansion (15) where it expands and cools. From there it is led to the thermal interface (17), where it absorbs heat and passes through the heat exchanger (16) on its way back to the compressor (14). Both the compressor (14) and the expansion turbine (15) have their own cooling devices, which can be simple radiators that expel heat generated due to their operation.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de consommation autonome pour la génération de températures cryogéniques au moyen d'un cycle de Brayton de compression et d'expansion de gaz réfrigérant, qui à son tout est stimulé par un moteur Stirling alimenté par de l'énergie solaire parabolique avec suiveur solaire automatique.
PCT/MX2015/000022 2015-01-27 2015-01-27 Système de liquéfaction de gaz assisté par de l'énergie solaire basé sur un système cryogénique de cycle de brayton inversé stimulé par une machine de stirling WO2016122299A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/MX2015/000022 WO2016122299A1 (fr) 2015-01-27 2015-01-27 Système de liquéfaction de gaz assisté par de l'énergie solaire basé sur un système cryogénique de cycle de brayton inversé stimulé par une machine de stirling

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/MX2015/000022 WO2016122299A1 (fr) 2015-01-27 2015-01-27 Système de liquéfaction de gaz assisté par de l'énergie solaire basé sur un système cryogénique de cycle de brayton inversé stimulé par une machine de stirling

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Publication Number Publication Date
WO2016122299A1 true WO2016122299A1 (fr) 2016-08-04

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201900008367A1 (it) * 2019-06-07 2020-12-07 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl Un sistema di liquefazione di gas naturale

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2409765A1 (de) * 1973-10-11 1975-04-17 Gilberto Forti Verfahren zur nutzung der sonnenenergie
US5483806A (en) * 1994-05-16 1996-01-16 Miller; Jeremy P. Refrigeration system
US6438994B1 (en) * 2001-09-27 2002-08-27 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for providing refrigeration using a turboexpander cycle
US20110174359A1 (en) * 2010-01-15 2011-07-21 Aspect Solar Pte Ltd. Array module of parabolic solar energy receivers
US20110247679A1 (en) * 2010-04-13 2011-10-13 Ben Shelef Solar receiver
ES2427835T3 (es) * 2007-05-29 2013-11-04 Fondazione Bruno Kessler Aparato para obtener electricidad a partir de energía solar
US20130294890A1 (en) * 2012-05-01 2013-11-07 California Institute Of Technology Reverse brayton cycle with bladeless turbo compressor for automotive environmental cooling
US20140020385A1 (en) * 2012-07-23 2014-01-23 BankWare Ltd. Apparatus for utilizing radiation energy
CN203939637U (zh) * 2014-04-23 2014-11-12 华北电力大学（保定） 一种太阳能发电及集热装置

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2409765A1 (de) * 1973-10-11 1975-04-17 Gilberto Forti Verfahren zur nutzung der sonnenenergie
US5483806A (en) * 1994-05-16 1996-01-16 Miller; Jeremy P. Refrigeration system
US6438994B1 (en) * 2001-09-27 2002-08-27 Praxair Technology, Inc. Method for providing refrigeration using a turboexpander cycle
ES2427835T3 (es) * 2007-05-29 2013-11-04 Fondazione Bruno Kessler Aparato para obtener electricidad a partir de energía solar
US20110174359A1 (en) * 2010-01-15 2011-07-21 Aspect Solar Pte Ltd. Array module of parabolic solar energy receivers
US20110247679A1 (en) * 2010-04-13 2011-10-13 Ben Shelef Solar receiver
US20130294890A1 (en) * 2012-05-01 2013-11-07 California Institute Of Technology Reverse brayton cycle with bladeless turbo compressor for automotive environmental cooling
US20140020385A1 (en) * 2012-07-23 2014-01-23 BankWare Ltd. Apparatus for utilizing radiation energy
CN203939637U (zh) * 2014-04-23 2014-11-12 华北电力大学（保定） 一种太阳能发电及集热装置

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT201900008367A1 (it) * 2019-06-07 2020-12-07 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl Un sistema di liquefazione di gas naturale
WO2020244808A1 (fr) * 2019-06-07 2020-12-10 Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie - S.R.L. Système de liquéfaction de gaz naturel utilisant de l'énergie renouvelable pour produire de l'hydrogène

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