WO2016119693A1 - 空气过滤纸及其制备方法 - Google Patents

空气过滤纸及其制备方法 Download PDF

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WO2016119693A1
WO2016119693A1 PCT/CN2016/072275 CN2016072275W WO2016119693A1 WO 2016119693 A1 WO2016119693 A1 WO 2016119693A1 CN 2016072275 W CN2016072275 W CN 2016072275W WO 2016119693 A1 WO2016119693 A1 WO 2016119693A1
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fiber
carbon
paper
air filter
suspension
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PCT/CN2016/072275
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English (en)
French (fr)
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肖辉
胡庭维
刘铸
吴立群
庄留莹
陈东平
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昆明纳太科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2016119693A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016119693A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B29/00—Layered products comprising a layer of paper or cardboard
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H17/00—Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its constitution; Paper-impregnating material characterised by its constitution
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • D21H19/20—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • D21H19/24—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H19/00—Coated paper; Coating material
    • D21H19/10—Coatings without pigments
    • D21H19/14—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12
    • D21H19/24—Coatings without pigments applied in a form other than the aqueous solution defined in group D21H19/12 comprising macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D21H19/30—Polyamides; Polyimides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00—Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/08—Filter paper

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of nano materials, in particular to an air filter paper and a preparation method thereof.
  • Small particles in the air can deposit in the human lungs and even the blood circulation system, causing respiratory diseases or blood clots.
  • they can adsorb a large amount of toxic substances such as organic gases, viruses, bacteria, etc., further to the human body.
  • Health poses a threat. With the development of society and the popularization of health knowledge, people pay more and more attention to the harm of fine particle pollution in the air.
  • air filtration products have gradually become a necessity in life, and at the same time, the market is highly effective in removing submicron particle pollutants. The requirements have also been greatly improved.
  • Nanoscale materials exhibit better filtration performance than conventional fibers. Carbon nanomaterials are currently the smallest diameter fibers, large specific surface area, excellent adsorption performance, superior mechanical properties, and good antibacterial properties. These properties make them have good application prospects in the field of air filtration. In addition, carbon nanomaterials have been industrially produced, and the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, and the length is longer and longer, which provides direct conditions for the application of carbon nanomaterials in the field of air filtration.
  • the solution filtration deposition method for example, the publications Adv. Mater. 2004, 16, No. 22, November 18
  • the vapor phase growth method for example, the patent CN 102600667 A, CN 103446804 A and the publication Science of the Total Environment 409 (2011) 4132-4138
  • the vapor phase growth method is to directly grow carbon nanotubes on the surface of the filter material, which is harsh in conditions and has a very large membrane area. Small, not conducive to industrial promotion.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide a method of preparing an air filter paper.
  • a method for preparing air filter paper comprising the following steps:
  • the bottom paper fiber is mixed with water, and then thoroughly decomposed in the decanter, and then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.01-2% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and then the suspension is sent to a former for molding, and the formed wet paper is obtained after suction. And sizing and drying the bottom paper;
  • the surface paper fiber is mixed with water, and then fully decomposed in a decanter, and then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.1-2% to obtain a surface fiber suspension;
  • the carbon nanomaterial is added to a surfactant solution having a concentration of 0.05 to 5% by weight, and ultrasonically dispersed to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion, wherein the carbon nanomaterial is carbon nanotubes and/or carbon nanofibers;
  • the carbon nanomaterial has a size of from 1 to 300 nm in diameter and from 0.5 to 100 ⁇ m in length.
  • the bottom paper fiber is selected from the group consisting of polyester fiber, glass fiber, carbon fiber, cellulose fiber, ES fiber, polypropylene fiber, tencel fiber, aramid fiber, oxadiazole fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber. One or several of them.
  • the surface paper fiber is selected from the group consisting of carbon fiber, polyester fiber, glass fiber, cellulose fiber, ES fiber, polypropylene fiber, tencel fiber, aramid fiber, oxadiazole fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber. One or several of them.
  • the carbon fibers have a size of 6-8 ⁇ m in diameter and 3-10 mm in length.
  • the glue used in the sizing step is selected from the group consisting of a polyurethane adhesive, a polyacrylamide adhesive, a phenolic resin adhesive, a polyvinyl alcohol adhesive or an acrylate adhesive; and the sizing amount is the total mass of the air filter paper. 1-45%.
  • the surfactant in the step (2) is selected from the group consisting of sodium lauryl sulfate, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and octoxynol. kind or several.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an air filter paper.
  • the bottom layer and the skin layer are included, and the upper surface of the bottom layer in contact with the surface layer is uniformly distributed with a carbon nanomaterial in a region extending in a thickness of 10 to 1500 ⁇ m.
  • the upper surface of the underlayer that is in contact with the surface layer is uniformly distributed with a carbon nanomaterial in a region extending in a thickness of 10-450 ⁇ m.
  • the carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixture (including carbon nanomaterials and surface fiber materials) is filtered on the bottom paper.
  • the carbon nanomaterials are small in size (diameter 1-300 nm, length is usually less than 100 ⁇ m), and are worn in the liquid during the filtration process. Under the action of the bottom paper, the carbon nanomaterial will uniformly penetrate into a part of the bottom paper area with the fluid, and at the same time, the surface fiber in the carbon nano material dispersion mixture has a large scale (all diameters above 1 ⁇ m), and does not penetrate.
  • the surface layer is formed; a carbon nanomaterial and a bottom paper fiber are uniformly distributed in the region where the carbon nanomaterial penetrates into the bottom paper, because the carbon nano material and the bottom paper fiber are evenly distributed (not There is only one layer of tight carbon nanomaterials, so low filtration wind resistance can be achieved.
  • the carbon nanomaterial in the carbon nanomaterial air filter paper of the invention is mainly distributed on the filter layer between the bottom layer and the surface layer, and the dispersion is uniform, and the adhesion to the base fiber is strong.
  • the air filter paper containing carbon nano material of the invention has high filtration efficiency, low filtration resistance, can not only filter particulate pollutants, but also remove chemical pollutants and viruses in the air.
  • the air filter paper containing carbon nano material of the invention has good electrical conductivity, antibacterial ability, high temperature resistance, good mechanical property and wide application fields.
  • the air filter paper containing carbon nano material of the invention has better conductivity function:
  • Electromagnetic shielding in some special applications, it needs to be completely electromagnetically shielded, and then it is necessary to install an air filter. Ordinary filter screen is not conductive. If it is not treated, it may be the place where electromagnetic waves leak.
  • the conductive air has a series of expansion functions: a. It can carry out electrocatalytic development, and some catalysts can be loaded on the filter screen, and the conductive filter can be used to electrify and decompose some harmful gases by electrocatalysis; b, the filter has a conductive function, it can be heated to achieve dehumidification, anti-virus, hot air heating (haze mostly in winter); c, to achieve monitoring functions, by monitoring the change in resistance To monitor the life of the filter, in order to grasp the information such as replacement.
  • the invention adopts a simple filtering method to directly load the carbon nano material onto the inner fiber of the filter medium, and has the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost and no pollution, and realizes large-scale production and application of the carbon nano material in the air filtration field.
  • Example 1 is a schematic structural view of an air filter paper prepared in Example 2 (1 is a surface layer, 3 is a bottom layer, and 2 is a carbon nanomaterial uniformly distributed on the bottom layer);
  • Example 2 is an electron micrograph of a cross section of an air filter paper prepared in Example 2;
  • Figure 3 is a comparative picture of the antibacterial properties of the air filter paper of the present invention and a commercially available air filter paper.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • Polyester fiber, glass fiber, cellulose fiber are mixed in a ratio of 3:4:3, and mildly beaten with water to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.1%, the bottom fiber suspension, and then the bottom fiber
  • the suspension is sent to a former to form a wet paper; then a polyacrylamide adhesive is applied (the amount of sizing is 0.1%), and the bottom paper is obtained by infrared drying after suctioning the sized wet paper. ;
  • Polyester fiber and glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 4:1, and then pulped with water to obtain a pulp suspension.
  • the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; single-walled carbon nanotubes with an average diameter of 1 nm are added.
  • the mass concentration is 5wt% octoxynol solution
  • the ultrasonic disperser is turned on, and the uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion is prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nanomaterial dispersion is directly poured into the surface layer.
  • diluted with water to make the carbon nanomaterials have a mass concentration of 0.05%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixture;
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 380 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the polyester fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.01% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to the former.
  • Polyester fiber and glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 2:1, and then pulped with water to obtain a pulp suspension.
  • the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.2% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; carbon nanofibers with an average diameter of 200 nm are added to the mass.
  • the concentration is 1wt% sodium lauryl sulfate solution, after stirring and dispersing for 10min, the ultrasonic disperser is turned on, and the uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion is prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nano material dispersion is directly poured.
  • Into the surface fiber suspension diluted with water to make the carbon nanomaterial mass concentration of 0.1%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixture.
  • the air filter paper has the structure shown in Figure 1.
  • the two sides are respectively polyester fiberglass fibers, and the middle is a mixture of carbon nanofibers and polyester glass fibers.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the air filter paper are relatively thick. Some finer carbon nanofibers are distributed in the middle of the coarse fiber.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 420 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 99.982% and the air resistance was 320 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 380 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 99.95% and the air resistance was 275 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the polyester fiber and the polypropylene fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:10, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.01% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to a former.
  • the polyester fiber and the glass fiber are mixed at a ratio of 1:10, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a surface fiber suspension having a mass concentration of 0.2%; and the carbon nanotube having a maximum diameter of 300 nm is added to the mass.
  • a 0.1 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution after stirring and dispersing for 10 min, the ultrasonic disperser was turned on, and a uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion was prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nanomaterial dispersion was further obtained.
  • Directly poured into the surface fiber suspension diluted with water to make the carbon nanomaterial mass concentration 0.1%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nano material dispersion mixture;
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 200 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 95% and the air resistance was 320 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the polyester fiber and the ES fiber are mixed in a ratio of 2:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.01% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to the former.
  • the polyester fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.2% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; carbon nanotubes having an average diameter of 50 nm are added to the mass.
  • the concentration is 1wt% sodium lauryl sulfate solution, after stirring and dispersing for 10min, the ultrasonic disperser is turned on, and the uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion is prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nano material dispersion is directly poured.
  • Into the surface fiber suspension diluted with water to make the carbon nanomaterial mass concentration of 0.1%, then stir and mix to obtain Carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 180 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 95% and the air resistance was 102 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the aramid fiber and the oxadiazole fiber are mixed in a ratio of 2:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.01% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and then the diluted suspension is sent to Forming on the former, pumping the formed wet paper; then applying a phenolic resin binder (the amount of sizing is 1%), and after suctioning the sized wet paper, infrared drying is performed to obtain the bottom paper;
  • the aramid fiber and the oxadiazole fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then pulped with water to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.01% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; carbon nanotubes having an average diameter of 20 nm are taken.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 300 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the polyester fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:10, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.2% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to the former.
  • Polyester fiberglass fiber and carbon fiber are mixed in a ratio of 2:2:1, and then pulped with water to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a high concentration. 0.1% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; carbon nanotubes having an average diameter of 10 nm and carbon nanofibers having an average diameter of 100 nm are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then added to a mass concentration of 2 wt% of dodecyl sulfate.
  • the ultrasonic disperser is turned on, and a uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion is prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; the obtained carbon nanomaterial dispersion is directly poured into the surface fiber suspension, and diluted with water.
  • the carbon nanomaterial is made to have a mass concentration of 0.05%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 380 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 99.982% and the air resistance was 282 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.02% of the bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to a former for molding. Soaking the formed wet paper; then applying a phenolic resin binder (the amount of sizing is 3%), and after sucking the sized wet paper, infrared drying is used to obtain the bottom paper;
  • the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 2:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.02% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; the carbon nanotubes having an average diameter of 10 nm and an average diameter are
  • the 100 nm carbon nanofibers were mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then added to a mass concentration of 2 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, stirred and dispersed for 10 min, and then an ultrasonic disperser was turned on, and uniformity was obtained by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion.
  • the carbon nano material dispersion liquid is directly poured into the surface fiber suspension, and diluted with water to make the carbon nano material mass concentration 0.1%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nano material dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 380 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 99.975% and the air resistance was 290 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the polyester fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 10:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to the former. Molding, pumping to form wet paper; then applying polyethylene pure The adhesive (the amount of sizing is 0.1%), and the bottom paper is obtained by infrared drying after sucking the sized wet paper;
  • the polyester fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 10:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.2% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; carbon nanofibers having an average diameter of 200 nm are added to the mass.
  • a concentration of 3 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution after stirring and dispersing for 10 min, the ultrasonic disperser is turned on, and a uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion is prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nanomaterial dispersion is directly poured.
  • Into the surface fiber suspension diluted with water to make the carbon nanomaterial mass concentration of 0.1%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixture;
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 200 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 91% and the air resistance was 95 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber, the cellulose fiber and the polyvinyl alcohol fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:2:2, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 2% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and then diluted
  • the suspension is sent to a former for molding, and the wet paper is formed by suction; then a polyacrylamide adhesive (0.1% sizing amount) is applied, and the bottom paper is obtained by infrared drying after suctioning the sized wet paper;
  • the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:2, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.2% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; carbon nanofibers having an average diameter of 100 nm are added to the mass concentration.
  • the ultrasonic disperser was turned on, and a uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion was prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nanomaterial dispersion was directly poured into the solution.
  • the surface fiber suspension is diluted with water to make the carbon nano material have a mass concentration of 0.1%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nano material dispersion mixture;
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 300 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.2% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to a former for molding.
  • the wet paper is formed by suction; then a phenolic resin binder (the amount of sizing is 3%) is applied, and the underlying paper is obtained by infrared drying after suctioning the sized wet paper.
  • the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 5:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; the carbon nanofiber having a maximum diameter of 300 nm is added to a mass concentration of In a 0.05 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, after stirring and dispersing for 10 min, the ultrasonic disperser was turned on, and a uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion was prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nanomaterial dispersion was directly poured into the solution.
  • the surface fiber suspension is diluted with water to make the carbon nano material have a mass concentration of 0.05%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nano material dispersion mixture;
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 1500 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 96% and the air resistance was 150 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 10:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; carbon nanofibers having an average diameter of 100 nm are added to the mass concentration.
  • the ultrasonic disperser was turned on, and a uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion was prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nanomaterial dispersion was directly poured into the solution.
  • the surface fiber suspension diluted with water to make the carbon nanomaterials have a mass concentration of 0.05%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 400 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber, the glass fiber and the polyvinyl alcohol fiber are mixed in a ratio of 2:2:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.01% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and then the diluted suspension is obtained.
  • the liquid is sent to a former to form a wet paper; then a polyurethane adhesive (0.1% sizing amount) is applied; after the sizing wet paper is sucked, infrared ray drying is performed to obtain a base paper.
  • the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 5:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; carbon nanotubes having an average diameter of 5 nm are added to the mass concentration.
  • the ultrasonic disperser was turned on, and a uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion was prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nanomaterial dispersion was directly poured into the solution.
  • diluted with water to make the carbon nanomaterials have a mass concentration of 0.05%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 320 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:3, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.02% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to a former for molding.
  • the wet paper is formed by suction; then a polyurethane adhesive (2% sizing amount) is applied, and the bottom paper is obtained by infrared drying after suctioning the sized wet paper.
  • the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.2% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; carbon nanotubes having an average diameter of 50 nm are added to the mass concentration.
  • the ultrasonic disperser was turned on, and a uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion was prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nanomaterial dispersion was directly poured into the solution.
  • the surface fiber suspension is diluted with water to make the carbon nanomaterials have a mass concentration of 0.1%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 420 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 99.995% and the air resistance was 339 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the cellulose fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 10:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 2% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to a former.
  • the upper part is molded and sucked to form a wet paper; then a polyacrylamide adhesive (0.1% sizing amount) is applied, and the base paper is obtained by infrared drying after suctioning the sized wet paper.
  • the cellulose fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 10:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 2% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; carbon nanotubes having an average diameter of 20 nm are added to The mass concentration is 2wt% sodium lauryl sulfate solution, after stirring and dispersing for 10min, the ultrasonic disperser is turned on, and the uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion is prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nano material dispersion is directly Pour into the surface fiber suspension, dilute with water to make the carbon nanomaterial mass concentration 1%, and then mix and stir to obtain a carbon nano material dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 180 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 96% and the air resistance was 200 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:10, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to a former for molding.
  • the wet paper is formed by suction; then a polyurethane adhesive (1% sizing amount) is applied, and the base paper is obtained by infrared drying after suctioning the sized wet paper.
  • the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are mixed at a ratio of 1:10, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; the carbon nanotubes having an average diameter of 50 nm and an average diameter are The 100 nm carbon nanofibers were mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then added to a mass concentration of 1 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution. After stirring and dispersing for 10 min, the ultrasonic disperser was turned on, and uniformity was obtained by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion. The carbon nano material dispersion liquid is directly poured into the surface fiber suspension, and diluted with water to make the carbon nano material mass concentration 0.1%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nano material dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 400 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to a former for molding.
  • the wet paper is formed by suction; then a phenolic resin adhesive (1% sizing amount) is applied, and the base paper is obtained by infrared drying after suctioning the sized wet paper.
  • the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; the carbon nanotubes having an average diameter of 20 nm and an average diameter are The 80 nm carbon nanofibers were mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then added to a mass concentration of wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution. After stirring and dispersing for 10 minutes, the ultrasonic disperser was turned on, and uniformity was obtained by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion. The carbon nano material dispersion liquid is directly poured into the surface fiber suspension, and diluted with water to make the carbon nano material mass concentration 0.05%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nano material dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 300 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 99.28% and the air resistance was 160 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the polyester fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:3, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to the former.
  • the carbon fiber and the glass fiber are mixed in a ratio of 2:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; the carbon nanotubes having an average diameter of 50 nm and an average diameter are 200nm carbon nanofibers are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then Adding to a mass concentration of 0.5 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, stirring and dispersing for 10 min, then opening an ultrasonic disperser, using agitation and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion to obtain a uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion; and then obtaining the carbon nanomaterial
  • the dispersion is directly poured into the surface fiber suspension, diluted with water to make the carbon nanomaterials have a mass concentration of 0.05%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 380 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the polyester fiber are mixed at a ratio of 1:10, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.2% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to a former for molding.
  • the wet paper is formed by suction; then a polyurethane adhesive (1% sizing amount) is applied, and the base paper is obtained by infrared drying after suctioning the sized wet paper.
  • the carbon fiber and the polyester fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:10, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.2% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; carbon nanofibers having an average diameter of 100 nm are added to the mass concentration.
  • the ultrasonic disperser was turned on, and a uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion was prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nanomaterial dispersion was directly poured into the solution.
  • the surface fiber suspension is diluted with water to make the carbon nanomaterials have a mass concentration of 0.1%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 410 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 99.5% and the air resistance was 290 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the polyester fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.02% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to a former for molding.
  • the wet paper is formed by suction; then a phenolic resin binder (10% sizing amount) is applied, and the base paper is obtained by infrared drying after suctioning the sized wet paper.
  • the carbon fiber and the polyester fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.2% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; carbon nanofibers having an average diameter of 10 nm are added to the mass concentration.
  • a 0.5 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution after stirring for 10 min, the ultrasonic disperser was turned on, and a uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion was prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nanomaterial dispersion was directly poured.
  • Into the surface fiber suspension diluted with water to make the carbon nanomaterial mass concentration of 0.1%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 300 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 92% and the air resistance was 300 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the polyvinyl alcohol fiber are mixed in a ratio of 10:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to a former.
  • the carbon fiber and the polyester fiber are mixed in a ratio of 10:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.1 to 0.2% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; carbon nanofibers having an average diameter of 10 nm are added to The mass concentration is 1wt% sodium lauryl sulfate solution, after stirring and dispersing for 10min, the ultrasonic disperser is turned on, and the uniform carbon nano material dispersion is prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nano material dispersion is directly Pour into the surface fiber suspension, dilute with water to make the carbon nanomaterial mass concentration 0.1%, and then mix and mix to obtain a carbon nano material dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 420 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 99% and the air resistance was 300 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the polyester fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:10, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.01% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to a former for molding.
  • the wet paper is formed by suction; then a polyurethane adhesive (1% sizing amount) is applied, and the base paper is obtained by infrared drying after suctioning the sized wet paper.
  • the carbon fiber and the polyester fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:8, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; carbon nanotubes having an average diameter of 20 nm are added to the mass concentration.
  • the ultrasonic disperser was turned on, and a uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion was prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nanomaterial dispersion was directly poured into the solution.
  • the surface fiber suspension diluted with water to make the carbon nanomaterials have a mass concentration of 0.05%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 1000 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the polyester fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.05% to obtain a surface fiber suspension to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and then the diluted suspension is obtained. It is sent to a former to form a wet paper; then a polyurethane adhesive is applied (the amount of sizing is 2%), and the bottom paper is obtained by infrared drying after suctioning the sized wet paper.
  • the carbon fiber and the polyester fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; the carbon nanofiber having a maximum diameter of 300 nm is added to the mass concentration.
  • a 0.1 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution after stirring for 10 min, the ultrasonic disperser was turned on, and a uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion was prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nanomaterial dispersion was directly poured.
  • Into the surface fiber suspension diluted with water to make the carbon nanomaterial mass concentration of 0.05%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 1200 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 70% and the air resistance was 45 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the polyester fiber are mixed in a ratio of 10:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.01% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to a former for molding. , pumping the formed wet paper; then applying a polyacrylamide adhesive (the amount of sizing is 2%), and after sucking the sized wet paper, infrared drying is performed to obtain the bottom paper;
  • the carbon fiber and the polyester fiber are mixed in a ratio of 5:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; the carbon nanofiber having a maximum diameter of 300 nm is added to the mass concentration.
  • a 0.05 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution after stirring for 10 min, the ultrasonic disperser was turned on, and a uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion was prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nanomaterial dispersion was directly poured.
  • Into the surface fiber suspension diluted with water to make the carbon nanomaterial mass concentration of 0.05%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nanomaterial dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 1000 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 70% and the air resistance was 58 Pa.
  • the air filter paper of the embodiment has relatively coarse fibers, more carbon fibers, more sizing, and relatively better conductivity, and can be used for pre-filtration.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the aramid fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:10, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.01% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to the former.
  • the carbon fiber and the aramid fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:10, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; carbon nanofibers having a maximum diameter of 300 nm are added to the mass.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 1500 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the aramid fiber in the air filter paper of the embodiment is very thick, and the carbon fiber and the carbon fiber are both high temperature resistant, and the applied phenolic resin is also resistant to high temperature, and is suitable for use in a high temperature resistant field.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the aramid fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and the diluted suspension is sent to the former.
  • the carbon fiber and the polyester fiber are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; the carbon nanotube having an average diameter of 50 nm and a maximum diameter are After mixing 300 nm carbon nanofibers in a ratio of 1:1, adding to a mass concentration of 1 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, stirring and dispersing for 10 min, the ultrasonic disperser was turned on, and uniformity was obtained by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion.
  • the carbon nano material dispersion liquid is directly poured into the surface fiber suspension, and diluted with water to make the carbon nano material mass concentration 0.1%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nano material dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 500 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 99% and the air resistance was 230 Pa.
  • a method for preparing an air filter paper includes the following steps:
  • the carbon fiber and the polyester fiber are mixed in a ratio of 10:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension; then diluted with water to a mass concentration of 0.1% to obtain a bottom fiber suspension, and then the diluted suspension is sent to a former for molding.
  • the wet paper is formed by suction; then a polyacrylamide adhesive (1% sizing amount) is applied, and the underlying paper is obtained by infrared drying after suctioning the sized wet paper.
  • the carbon fiber and the polyester fiber are mixed in a ratio of 10:1, and then water is beaten to obtain a pulp suspension, and the suspension is diluted to a mass concentration of 0.2% to obtain a surface fiber suspension; the carbon nanotubes having an average diameter of 5 nm and an average diameter are 80nm carbon nanofibers are mixed in a ratio of 1:1, plus After entering the mass concentration of 3 wt% sodium dodecyl sulfate solution, stirring and dispersing for 10 min, the ultrasonic disperser is turned on, and a uniform carbon nanomaterial dispersion is prepared by stirring and ultrasonic synergistic dispersion; and the obtained carbon nanomaterial is dispersed.
  • the liquid is directly poured into the surface fiber suspension, diluted with water to make the carbon nano material mass concentration 0.1%, and then stirred and mixed to obtain a carbon nano material dispersion mixture.
  • the thickness of the carbon nanomaterial distribution region (the region extending downward from the upper surface in contact with the surface layer) in the prepared air filter paper underlayer was 300 ⁇ m.
  • the filtering performance is as follows:
  • the filtration efficiency was 99.5% and the air resistance was 160 Pa.
  • the air filter paper prepared by the present invention was subjected to an antibacterial experiment with a commercially available ordinary air filter paper, and the results are shown in FIG. 3:
  • the four images are all E. coli cultured at 37 ° C for 24 hours, 1 and 2 are the air filter papers prepared in Examples 1 and 12, 3 are commercially available ordinary air filter papers, and 4 are the above 3 air filter papers. Put it together. As can be seen from the figure, after 24 hours of cultivation, the culture dish with ordinary air filter paper, the medium became cloudy, and a large number of bacteria grew. 1, 2, 4 medium were relatively clear. It shows that the air filter paper of the present application has a killing effect on bacteria and has good antibacterial properties.

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Abstract

一种空气过滤纸及其制备方法，包括如下步骤：(1)制备底层纸；(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液；(3)将底层纸设置于成型器上，将碳纳米材料分散混合液输送至成型器上，所述碳纳米材料分散混合液在底层纸上过滤成型，然后施胶烘干即得所述空气过滤纸。

Description

空气过滤纸及其制备方法 技术领域
本发明涉及纳米材料技术领域，特别是涉及一种空气过滤纸及其制备方法。
背景技术
空气中的小颗粒可在人体肺部甚至血液循环系统沉积，造成呼吸系统疾病或者血栓；此外由于小颗粒比表面积较大，其能够吸附大量有毒物质如有机气体、病毒、细菌等，进一步对人体健康构成威胁。随着社会的发展，健康知识普及，人们越来越重视空气中细小颗粒污染的危害问题，近年来空气过滤产品已逐渐成为生活的必需品，同时市场对高效去除亚微米级颗粒污染物的过滤材料要求也大大提高。
过滤材料纤维直径越小，除去空气中微粒的粒径就越小，过滤效率也就越高。与传统纤维相比，纳米级材料展现出了更好的过滤性能。碳纳米材料是目前人工合成的最小直径的纤维、巨大的比表面积、优异的吸附性能、超强的力学性能，良好的抗菌性能，这些特性使得其在空气过滤领域具有良好的应用前景。此外，目前碳纳米材料已实现工业生产，原料价廉易得，且长度越来越长，这为碳纳米材料在空气过滤领域的应用提供直接条件。
目前，将碳纳米管用作空气过滤膜的方法主要有两种，一种是溶液过滤沉积法，另一种是气相生长法。溶液过滤沉积法(例如，公开文献Adv.Mater.2004,16，No.22，November 18)主要利用普通过滤材料截留作用将碳纳米管覆盖在其表面，得到的碳纳米膜缺陷在于碳纳米管之间排列过于紧密，空气阻力非常大。气相生长法(例如专利CN 102600667 A，CN 103446804 A和公开文献Science of the Total Environment 409(2011)4132-4138)是在过滤材料表面直接生长碳纳米管，该方法条件苛刻，制备的膜面积非常小，不利于工业化推广。
因此，对于碳纳米材料在空气过滤的实际应用上，开发一种工艺简单、易于工业化的空气过滤材料及其生产方法，真正实现碳纳米过滤材料高效去除空气中的亚微米级颗粒污染物具有重要的意义。
发明内容
基于此，本发明的目的是提供一种空气过滤纸的制备方法。
具体的技术方案如下：
一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
将底层纸纤维与水混合后在疏解器中充分疏解，再用水稀释至质量浓度为0.01-2％，得底层纤维悬浮液，然后将悬浮液送至成型器成型，抽吸后得成型湿纸，再施胶干燥得所述底层纸；
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
将表层纸纤维与水混合后在疏解器中充分疏解，再用水稀释至质量浓度为0.1-2％，得表层纤维悬浮液；
将碳纳米材料加入质量浓度为0.05-5wt％表面活性剂溶液中，超声分散，得碳纳米材料分散液，所述碳纳米材料为碳纳米管和/或碳纳米纤维；
将碳纳米材料分散液与表层纤维悬浮液混合搅拌均匀即得所述碳纳米材料分散混合液，其中碳纳米材 料的质量浓度为0.05-0.5％；
(3)将所述底层纸设置于成型器上，将所述碳纳米材料分散混合液输送至成型器上，所述碳纳米材料分散混合液在所述底层纸上过滤成型，然后施胶烘干即得所述空气过滤纸。
在其中一个实施例中，所述碳纳米材料的尺寸为：直径为1-300nm，长度为0.5-100μm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述底层纸纤维选自涤纶纤维、玻璃纤维、碳纤维、纤维素纤维、ES纤维、聚丙烯纤维、天丝纤维、芳纶纤维、噁二唑纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维中的一种或几种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述表层纸纤维选自碳纤维、涤纶纤维、玻璃纤维、纤维素纤维、ES纤维、聚丙烯纤维、天丝纤维、芳纶纤维、噁二唑纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维中的一种或几种。
在其中一个实施例中，所述碳纤维的尺寸为：直径为6-8μm，长度为3-10mm。
在其中一个实施例中，所述施胶步骤中使用的胶水选自聚氨酯胶粘剂、聚丙烯酰胺胶粘剂、酚醛树脂胶粘剂、聚乙烯醇胶粘剂或丙烯酸酯胶粘剂；施胶量为所述空气过滤纸总质量的1-45％。
在其中一个实施例中，步骤(2)中所述表面活性剂选自十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠、辛苯昔醇中的一种或几种。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种空气过滤纸。
具体的技术方案如下：
上述制备方法制备得到的空气过滤纸。
在其中一个实施例中，包括底层和表层，所述底层的与表层接触的上表面向下延伸10-1500μm厚度区域内均匀分布有碳纳米材料。
在其中一个实施例中，所述底层的与表层接触的上表面向下延伸10-450μm厚度区域内均匀分布有碳纳米材料。
本发明的原理如下：
将碳纳米材料分散混合液(包括碳纳米材料与表层纤维材料)，在底层纸上过滤，碳纳米材料由于尺度小(直径1-300nm，长度通常小于100μm)，在过滤过程中，在液体穿过底层纸的作用下，碳纳米材料会随着流体均匀渗透到一部分底层纸区域，同时，碳纳米材料分散混合液中的表层纤维由于尺度较大(直径都在1μm以上)，而不会渗透到底层纸中，从而形成了表层；在碳纳米材料渗透到底层纸的区域形成了一个碳纳米材料和底层纸纤维均匀分布的混合区，由于是碳纳米材料与底层纸纤维的均匀分布(不是只有一层严实的碳纳米材料)，因此能实现低的过滤风阻。
本发明含碳纳米材料空气过滤纸中碳纳米材料主要分布在底层与表层之间的过滤层上，其分散均匀，与基底纤维附着作用力强。
本发明的有益效果：
1、本发明含碳纳米材料的空气过滤纸过滤效率高、过滤阻力低、不仅能过滤颗粒污染物，还能去除空气中的化学污染物、病毒。
2、本发明含碳纳米材料的空气过滤纸具有较好的导电、抗菌能力，耐高温，力学性能好，应用领域广泛。
本发明含碳纳米材料的空气过滤纸具有较好的导电功能：
(1)防静电，在有些用途上，空气滤网，由于长期和空气、灰尘摩擦产生大量静电，有产生电火花的 风险。
(2)电磁屏蔽，在一些特殊应用场合，需要完全电磁屏蔽的，然后又是需要安装空气滤网，普通的滤网，不导电，如果不加处理，那里可能就是电磁波泄露的地方。
(3)功能拓展，具备导电性的空气具备一系列拓展功能：a、可以进行电催化开发，将一些催化剂负载在滤网上，就可以利用导电的滤网通电，进行电催化降解一些有害气体；b、滤网具有导电功能，对其进行通电，就可以实现加热，以达到除湿、抗病毒、吹热风取暖(雾霾大多在冬季)等功能；c、实现监测功能，通过监测其电阻的变化来监测滤网的寿命，以便掌握更换等信息。
3、本发明采用简单过滤法将碳纳米材料直接负载到过滤介质内部纤维上，制备工艺简单、成本低、无任何污染，实现了碳纳米材料在空气过滤领域大规模生产应用。
附图说明
图1为实施例2制备得到的空气过滤纸的结构示意图(1为表层，3为底层，2为底层上均匀分布的碳纳米材料)；
图2为实施例2制备得到的空气过滤纸截面的电镜照片；
图3为本发明空气过滤纸与市售空气滤纸抗菌性能的比较图片。
具体实施方式
以下通过实施例对本申请做进一步阐述。
实施例1
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取涤纶纤维、玻璃纤维、纤维素纤维按3∶4∶3的比例混合后，加水轻度打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.1％，的底层纤维悬浮液，再将底层纤维悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚丙烯酰胺粘合剂(施胶量为0.1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得所述底层纸；
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取涤纶纤维、玻璃纤维按4∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.1％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取平均直径为1nm的单壁碳纳米管加入质量浓度为5wt％辛苯昔醇溶液中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.05％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液；
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为5％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得所述空气过滤纸。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为380μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为99.998％，空气阻力为466Pa。
实施例2
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取涤纶纤维和玻璃纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.01％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚乙烯纯粘合剂(施胶量为0.5％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸；
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取涤纶纤维、玻璃纤维按2∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.2％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取平均直径为200nm的碳纳米纤维加入至质量浓度为1wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.1％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得所述空气过滤纸。
此空气过滤纸，结构如图1所示，两边分别是涤纶玻纤纤维，中间是碳纳米纤维和涤纶玻纤的混合部分，从图2也可看出，空气滤纸的上下表面纤维较粗，中间部分出现了一些更细的碳纳米纤维分布在粗纤维中。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为420μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为99.982％，空气阻力为320Pa。
实施例3
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取玻璃纤维、天丝纤维、聚乙烯醇按8∶1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.3％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚丙烯酰胺粘合剂(施胶量为0.1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸；
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取芳纶纤维和玻璃纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为1％，的表层纤维悬浮液；取最大直径为300nm的碳纳米纤维加入至质量浓度为0.05wt％十二烷基苯磺酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.5％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液；
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚丙烯酰胺粘合剂(施胶量为5％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后 采用红外干燥即得所述空气过滤纸。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为380μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为99.95％，空气阻力为275Pa。
实施例4
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取涤纶纤维和聚丙烯纤维按1∶10的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.01％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以丙烯酸酯粘合剂(施胶量为30％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得所述底层纸；
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取涤纶纤维、玻璃纤维按1∶10的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.2％，的表层纤维悬浮液；取最大直径为300nm的碳纳米管加入至质量浓度为0.1wt％十二烷基磺酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.1％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液；
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为15％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为200μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为95％，空气阻力为320Pa。
实施例5
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取涤纶纤维和ES纤维按2∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.01％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚丙烯酰胺粘合剂(施胶量为0.1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸；
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取涤纶纤维和玻璃纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.2％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取平均直径为50nm的碳纳米管加入至质量浓度为1wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.1％，然后搅拌混匀即得 碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为180μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为95％，空气阻力为102Pa。
实施例6
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取芳纶纤维和噁二唑纤维按2∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.01％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸；
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取芳纶纤维和噁二唑纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.01％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取平均直径为20nm的碳纳米管加入至质量浓度为2wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.005％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液；
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为5％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为300μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为98％，空气阻力为360Pa。
实施例7
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取涤纶纤维和玻璃纤维按1∶10的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.2％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸；
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取涤纶纤维玻璃纤维、碳纤维按2∶2∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓 度为0.1％，得表层纤维悬浮液；将平均直径为10nm的碳纳米管和平均直径为100nm的碳纳米纤维按1∶1比例混合后，再加入至质量浓度为2wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.05％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为2％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为380μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为99.982％，空气阻力为282Pa。
实施例8
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维和玻璃纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.02％，的底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为3％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸；
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和玻璃纤维按2∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.02％，得表层纤维悬浮液；将平均直径为10nm的碳纳米管和平均直径为100nm的碳纳米纤维按1∶1比例混合后，再加入至质量浓度为2wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.1％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为2％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为380μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为99.975％，空气阻力为290Pa。
实施例9
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取涤纶纤维和玻璃纤维按10∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.1％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚乙烯纯 粘合剂(施胶量为0.1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸；
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取涤纶纤维和玻璃纤维按10∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.2％，得表层纤维悬浮液；将平均直径为200nm的碳纳米纤维加入至质量浓度为3wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.1％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液；
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸基质上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以丙烯酸酯粘合剂(施胶量为10％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为200μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为91％，空气阻力为95Pa。
实施例10
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维、纤维素纤维和聚乙烯醇纤维按1∶2∶2的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为2％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚丙烯酰胺粘合剂(施胶量为0.1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸；
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和玻璃纤维按1∶2的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.2％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取平均直径为100nm的碳纳米纤维加入至质量浓度为1wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.1％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液；
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚乙烯醇粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为300μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为98％，空气阻力为260Pa。
实施例11
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维和玻璃纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.2％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为3％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和玻璃纤维按5∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度0.1％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取最大直径为300nm的碳纳米纤维加入至质量浓度为0.05wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.05％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液；
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为5％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为1500μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为96％，空气阻力为150Pa。
实施例12
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取天丝和玻璃纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.2％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚丙烯酰胺粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和玻璃纤维按10∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.1％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取平均直径为100nm的碳纳米纤维加入至质量浓度为1wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.05％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为3％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为400μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为99.999％，空气阻力为486Pa。
实施例13
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维、玻璃纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维按2∶2∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.01％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为0.1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和玻璃纤维按5∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.1％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取平均直径为5nm的碳纳米管加入至质量浓度为4wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.05％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为2％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸成品。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为320μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为99.98％，空气阻力为348Pa。
实施例14
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维和玻璃纤维按1∶3的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.02％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为2％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和玻璃纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.2％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取平均直径为50nm的碳纳米管加入至质量浓度为2wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.1％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸成品。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为420μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为99.995％，空气阻力为339Pa。
实施例15
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取纤维素纤维和玻璃纤维按10∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为2％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚丙烯酰胺粘合剂(施胶量为0.1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取纤维素纤维和玻璃纤维按10∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为2％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取平均直径为20nm的碳纳米管加入至质量浓度为2wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为1％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚乙烯醇粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸成品。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为180μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为96％，空气阻力为200Pa。
实施例16
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维和玻璃纤维按1∶10的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.1％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和玻璃纤维按1∶10的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.1％，得表层纤维悬浮液；将平均直径为50nm的碳纳米管和平均直径为100nm的碳纳米纤维按1∶1比例混合后，再加入至质量浓度为1wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.1％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸成品。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为400μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为99.997％，空气阻力为467Pa。
实施例17
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维和玻璃纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.1％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和玻璃纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.1％，得表层纤维悬浮液；将平均直径为20nm的碳纳米管和平均直径为80nm的碳纳米纤维按1∶1比例混合后，再加入至质量浓度为wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.05％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸成品。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为300μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为99.28％，空气阻力为160Pa。
实施例18
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取涤纶纤维和玻璃纤维按1∶3的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.1％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚丙烯酰胺粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和玻璃纤维按2∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.1％，得表层纤维悬浮液；将平均直径为50nm的碳纳米管和平均直径为200nm的碳纳米纤维按1∶1比例混合后，再 加入至质量浓度为0.5wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.05％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得以玻璃纤维和碳纤维混合纤维为基底的含碳纳米管空气过滤纸成品。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为380μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为99.97％，空气阻力为281Pa。
实施例19
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维和涤纶纤维按1∶10的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.2％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和涤纶纤维按1∶10的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.2％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取平均直径为100nm的碳纳米纤维加入至质量浓度为3wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.1％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸成品。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为410μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为99.5％，空气阻力为290Pa。
实施例20
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维和涤纶纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.02％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为10％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和涤纶纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.2％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取平均直径为10nm的碳纳米纤维加入至质量浓度为0.5wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.1％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为20％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸成品。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为300μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为92％，空气阻力为300Pa。
实施例21
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维和聚乙烯醇纤维按10∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.1％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚丙烯酰胺粘合剂(施胶量为2％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和涤纶纤维按10∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.1～0.2％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取平均直径为10nm的碳纳米纤维加入至质量浓度为1wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.1％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚丙烯酰胺粘合剂(施胶量为5％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸成品。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为420μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为99％，空气阻力为300Pa。
实施例22
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维和涤纶纤维按1∶10的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.01％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和涤纶纤维按1∶8的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.1％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取平均直径为20nm的碳纳米管加入至质量浓度为2wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.05％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为2％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸成品。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为1000μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为85％，空气阻力为56Pa。
实施例23
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维和涤纶纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.05％，得表层纤维悬浮液，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为2％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和涤纶纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.1％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取最大直径为300nm的碳纳米纤维加入至质量浓度为0.1wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.05％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为2％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸成品。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为1200μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为70％，空气阻力为45Pa。
实施例24
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维和涤纶纤维按10∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.01％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚丙烯酰胺粘合剂(施胶量为2％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸；
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和涤纶纤维按5∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.1％，得表层纤维悬浮液；取最大直径为300nm的碳纳米纤维加入至质量浓度为0.05wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.05％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为10％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸成品。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为1000μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为70％，空气阻力为58Pa。
本实施例的空气过滤纸中纤维比较粗，碳纤维用的多，施胶也比较多，导电性相对比较好，可以用于预过滤。
实施例25
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维和芳纶纤维按1∶10的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.01％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和芳纶纤维按1∶10的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.1％，得表层纤维悬浮液；将最大直径为300nm的碳纳米纤维加入至质量浓度为0.1wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.05％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为2％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采 用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸成品。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为1500μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为53％，空气阻力为42Pa。
本实施例的空气过滤纸中芳纶纤维很粗，它和碳纤维都是耐高温的，施的胶酚醛树脂也是耐高温的，适合用在耐高温领域。
实施例26
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维和芳纶纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.1％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为2％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和涤纶纤维按1∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.1％，得表层纤维悬浮液；将平均直径为50nm的碳纳米管和最大直径为300nm的碳纳米纤维按1∶1比例混合后，再加入至质量浓度为1wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.1％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以酚醛树脂粘合剂(施胶量为10％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸成品。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为500μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为99％，空气阻力为230Pa。
实施例27
本实施例一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)制备底层纸
取碳纤维和涤纶纤维按10∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液；然后加水稀释至质量浓度为0.1％，得底层纤维悬浮液，再将稀释后的悬浮液送至成型器上成型，抽吸得成型湿纸；然后施以聚丙烯酰胺粘合剂(施胶量为1％)，抽吸施胶湿纸后采用红外干燥即得底层纸。
(2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
取碳纤维和涤纶纤维按10∶1的比例混合后，加水打浆得到纸浆悬浮液，稀释悬浮液至质量浓度为0.2％，得表层纤维悬浮液；将平均直径为5nm的碳纳米管和平均直径为80nm的碳纳米纤维按1∶1比例混合后，再加 入至质量浓度为3wt％十二烷基硫酸钠溶液中中，搅拌分散10min后，开启超声波分散机，利用搅拌和超声协同分散制得均匀的碳纳米材料分散液；再将所得碳纳米材料分散液直接倒入表层纤维悬浮液中，加水稀释使碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.1％，然后搅拌混匀即得碳纳米材料分散混合液。
(3)将底层纸固定在成型器上，然后将碳纳米材料分散混合液送至成型器上在底层纸基质上直接成型，抽吸得成型的复合过滤湿纸；然后施以聚氨酯粘合剂(施胶量为2％)，抽吸施胶后的复合过滤湿纸；最后采用红外干燥即得空气过滤纸成品。
制备得到的空气过滤纸底层中碳纳米材料分布区域(从与表层接触的上表面向下延伸的区域)的厚度为300μm。
过滤性能如下：
在≥0.3μm颗粒，5.33cm/s的风速条件下，过滤效率为99.5％，空气阻力为160Pa。
过滤性能测试
Figure PCTCN2016072275-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2016072275-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2016072275-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2016072275-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2016072275-appb-000005
对将本发明制备得到的空气滤纸与市售普通空气滤纸进行抗菌实验，结果如图3所示：
四幅图均为大肠杆菌在37℃恒温培养24小时情况，1、2分别为实施例1和12制备得到的空气过滤纸，3为市售的普通空气过滤纸，4为上述3种空气过滤纸放在一起的情况。由图中可看出，经过24小时的培养，放有普通空气过滤纸的培养皿，培养基都变浑浊了，有大量细菌滋生。1、2、4培养基均较为清澈。表明本申请的空气滤纸对细菌有杀灭作用，具有较好的抗菌性能。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种空气过滤纸的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    (1)制备底层纸
    将底层纸纤维与水混合后在疏解器中充分疏解，再用水稀释至质量浓度为0.01-2％，得底层纤维悬浮液，然后将悬浮液送至成型器成型，抽吸后得成型湿纸，再施胶干燥得所述底层纸；
    (2)制备碳纳米材料分散混合液
    将表层纸纤维与水混合后在疏解器中充分疏解，再用水稀释至质量浓度为0.1-2％，得表层纤维悬浮液；
    将碳纳米材料加入质量浓度为0.05-5wt％表面活性剂溶液中，超声分散，得碳纳米材料分散液，所述碳纳米材料为碳纳米管和/或碳纳米纤维；
    将碳纳米材料分散液与表层纤维悬浮液混合搅拌均匀即得所述碳纳米材料分散混合液，其中碳纳米材料的质量浓度为0.05-0.5％；
    (3)将所述底层纸设置于成型器上，将所述碳纳米材料分散混合液输送至成型器上，所述碳纳米材料分散混合液在所述底层纸上过滤成型，然后施胶烘干即得所述空气过滤纸。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的空气过滤纸的制备方法，其特征在于，所述碳纳米材料的尺寸为：直径为1-300nm，长度为0.5-100μm。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的空气过滤纸的制备方法，其特征在于，所述底层纸纤维选自涤纶纤维、玻璃纤维、碳纤维、纤维素纤维、ES纤维、聚丙烯纤维、天丝纤维、芳纶纤维、噁二唑纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维中的一种或几种。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的空气过滤纸的制备方法，其特征在于，所述表层纸纤维选自碳纤维、涤纶纤维、玻璃纤维、纤维素纤维、ES纤维、聚丙烯纤维、天丝纤维、芳纶纤维、噁二唑纤维、聚乙烯醇纤维中的一种或几种。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的空气过滤纸的制备方法，其特征在于，所述碳纤维的尺寸为：直径为6-8μm，长度为3-10mm。
  6. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的空气过滤纸的制备方法，其特征在于，所述施胶步骤中使用的胶水选自聚氨酯粘合剂、聚丙烯酰胺粘合剂、酚醛树脂粘合剂、聚乙烯醇粘合剂或丙烯酸酯粘合剂；施胶量为所述空气过滤纸总质量的0.1-45％。
  7. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的空气过滤纸的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中所述表面活性剂选自十二烷基硫酸钠、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、十二烷基磺酸钠、辛苯昔醇中的一种或几种。
  8. 通过权利要求1-7任一项所述制备方法得到的空气过滤纸。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的空气过滤纸，其特征在于，包括底层和表层，所述底层的与表层接触的上表面向下延伸10-1500μm厚度区域内均匀分布有碳纳米材料。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的空气过滤纸，其特征在于，所述底层的与表层接触的上表面向下延伸10-450μm厚度区域内均匀分布有碳纳米材料。
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