WO2016118746A1 - Tissus étroits à chemins conducteurs électriques étirables pour textiles/vêtements intelligents - Google Patents

Tissus étroits à chemins conducteurs électriques étirables pour textiles/vêtements intelligents Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016118746A1
WO2016118746A1 PCT/US2016/014320 US2016014320W WO2016118746A1 WO 2016118746 A1 WO2016118746 A1 WO 2016118746A1 US 2016014320 W US2016014320 W US 2016014320W WO 2016118746 A1 WO2016118746 A1 WO 2016118746A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
conductive
narrow fabric
yarn
fabric tape
tape
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2016/014320
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Krishan Chaminda WEERAWANSA
Ruchira Asanka PEIRIS
Original Assignee
Stretchline Holdings
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Stretchline Holdings filed Critical Stretchline Holdings
Publication of WO2016118746A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016118746A1/fr

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B21/00—Warp knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B21/14—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes
    • D04B21/18—Fabrics characterised by the incorporation by knitting, in one or more thread, fleece, or fabric layers, of reinforcing, binding, or decorative threads; Fabrics incorporating small auxiliary elements, e.g. for decorative purposes incorporating elastic threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/32—Elastic yarns or threads ; Production of plied or cored yarns, one of which is elastic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/441—Yarns or threads with antistatic, conductive or radiation-shielding properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/10—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyurethanes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/061—Load-responsive characteristics elastic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/16—Physical properties antistatic; conductive
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2403/00—Details of fabric structure established in the fabric forming process
    • D10B2403/03—Shape features
    • D10B2403/031—Narrow fabric of constant width
    • D10B2403/0311—Small thickness fabric, e.g. ribbons, tapes or straps

Definitions

  • the disclosed examples relate to narrow fabrics with conductive pathways for use in connection with smart textiles and smart garments.
  • Clothing with integrated electronics is used in a variety of applications, and additional uses are envisioned.
  • An example of a "smart" garment includes a shirt with a heart rate sensor, processor, transmitter and power source. The wearer of such a garment may monitor and/or record his or her heart rate during, for example, exercise. Additionally, these data may be monitored remotely by, for example, a coach of the wearer of the garment. Additional uses include garments with sensors that collect other biometric data (e.g., body temperature, respiration rate, etc.) or environmental data (e.g., pollutant levels).
  • biometric data e.g., body temperature, respiration rate, etc.
  • environmental data e.g., pollutant levels
  • Conductive wires are a key component to smart garments. These wires may transmit information from one location on the smart garment to another, for example, from a sensor to a processor. Additionally, conductive wires may be used as a sensor, where for example, changes in current through the conductive wire reflect a particular biometric condition.
  • the conductive wires in smart garments suffer from being susceptible to failure caused during mechanical stresses. Further, the present conductive wires are susceptible to failure upon laundering the garment or exposing the wire to perspiration from a wearer. Accordingly, there is a need for an enhanced conductive narrow fabric that stretches during mechanical stresses and recovers upon release of the stresses without failing and that is resistant to laundering and perspiration of a wearer.
  • the disclosed subject matter is directed to a narrow fabric with a bondable, flexible conductive pathway that substantially obviates one or more problems due to limitations and disadvantages of the related art.
  • narrow fabric with a bondable, flexible conductive pathway and a conductive narrow fabric tape are used interchangeably.
  • a conductive narrow fabric tape that includes an elastomeric yarn that is wrapped with a conductive wire to thereby produce a composite yam.
  • the composite yarn is placed between two layers of insulation.
  • a conductive narrow fabric tape that includes a conductive wire and two layers of insulation.
  • the conductive wire is disposed between the two layers of insulation, and extends in both a widthwise and a lengthwise direction of the tape.
  • a conductive narrow fabric tape including two layers of insulation, one or more conductive wires disposed between the two layers of insulation, and a non-conductive yarn disposed between the two layers of insulation along the length of the tape.
  • the conductive wires of the conductive narrow fabric tape may extend in both a widthwise direction and a lengthwise direction of the tape.
  • the non- conductive yarn of conductive narrow fabric tape identifies a particular characteristic of at least one of the plurality of conductive wires.
  • a conductive narrow fabric tape that includes two layers of insulation and a knitting structure.
  • the knitting structure may include a conductive yarn.
  • the knitting structure provides reinforcement and is disposed between the two layers of insulation, and the conductive yarn extends in both the widthwise and the lengthwise directions of the tape.
  • Garments are also disclosed that include a fabric substrate and the conductive narrow fabric tapes as described throughout this specification.
  • FIG. 1 shows a lengthwise cross sectional view of an example of an enhanced conductive narrow fabric tape as described herein.
  • FIG. 2 shows a side view of a composite yarn for use in a conductive narrow fabric tape, such as the example shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows empirical measurements of the relationship between stress and strain for an example of a conductive narrow fabric tape such as that shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 4 shows a lengthwise cross sectional view of yet another example of conductive narrow fabric tape.
  • FIG. 5 shows a side view of a device for assembling a conductive narrow fabric tape, such as the examples shown in FIGs. 1 and 4, from a composite yarn and insulation layers.
  • FIG. 6 shows empirical measurements of the relationship between electrical resistance and extension of an example of a conductive narrow fabric tape, such as one of those shown in FIGs. 1 and 4.
  • FIG. 7 shows a side view of an example of a system for assembling a conductive wire and insulation layers of a conductive narrow fabric tape such as the example shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 8 shows a top view of the system example of FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 9 shows a top view of another example of conductive zig-zag narrow fabric tape with high X-pitch compared to the conductive narrow fabric tape example of FIG.10.
  • FIG. 10 shows a top view of yet another example of a conductive narrow fabric tape.
  • FIG. 11 shows further examples of conductive wire patterns usable in a conductive narrow fabric tape, such as the examples shown in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10.
  • FIG. 12 shows a further example of a conductive narrow fabric tape with a non-conductive indicator yarn, such as a polarity demarcation feature.
  • FIG. 13 shows an additional example of the conductive narrow fabric tape, such as that shown in FIG. 12 wherein the non-conductive indicator yarn tracks one conductor.
  • FIG. 14 shows examples of spacing conductive wires within an example of a conductive narrow fabric tape, such as the examples shown in FIGS. 12 and 13.
  • FIG, 15 shows yet another example of a pattern of conductive wires within a conductive narrow fabric tape, such as the examples shown in FIGS. 12 and 13, including portions having straight conductive wire lines and portions having undulations.
  • FIG. 16 shows an example of a dual conductor fabric incorporating reinforcing elements to limit overstretching the fabric and/or conductors.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates an example of a single conductor conductive fabric incorporating reinforcing elements to limit overstretching the fabric and/or conductors.
  • FIG. 18 illustrates a highest stretch impact in a peak transition area along a conductor in an example of a conductive fabric.
  • FIG. 19A illustrates another example of a knitted reinforcement of a dual conductive pathway in a conductive fabric.
  • FIG. 19B illustrates an enlarged view of a peak transition portion of FIG.
  • FIG, 20 is an isometric illustration of another example of a device or system for assembling a conductive narrow fabric tape.
  • FIG. 21 is a side-view illustration of the device or system example of FIG, 20,
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of an example of an enhanced conductive narrow fabric tape.
  • an enhanced conductive narrow fabric tape 1 may comprise a conductive composite yarn 3 and two layers of insulation 2a and 2b.
  • the composite yarn 3 is disposed between the two layers of insulation 2a and 2b.
  • the conductive composite yarn 3 may comprise a first conductive wire 31 and a second conductive wire 33 wrapped around an
  • the elastomeric yarn 32 may be a synthetic rubber with a count of 44-2500 dtex.
  • the elastomeric yarn 32 may be natural rubber with counts of 28-70 s (gauge) . Note that the "s " or gauge count indicates the number of strands per inch.
  • the natural rubber for example, comes in a sheet of individual ends and the number of individual rubber strands in an inch is referred as the count.
  • the composite yarn 3 may stretch when pulled during normal wear and use in the directions of arrow A and thereby absorb tensile stresses in the pulled directions without failure.
  • the distance D from the center of the elastomeric yarn 32 to the conductive wires 31 and 33 may decrease while the length of the conductive wires 31 and 33 in the directions of arrow A increases.
  • the elastomeric yarn 32 may increase its length in the direction of arrow A to a large extent, for example, 200% or even 320% without failing.
  • the composite yarn 3 is configured as shown in FIG. 2 to undergo plastic deformation in the direction of arrow A under strains to which a garment is typically subjected, without failing .
  • the conductive narrow fabric tapes may be integrated into garments using various techniques.
  • Garments may include a fabric substrate to which a conductive narrow fabric tape according to the disclosed examples may be attached, affixed or otherwise integrated with the fabric substrate.
  • failures include tearing or breaking of the conductive wires 31 or 33 and/or the surrounding insulation, such as 2a or 2b, loss of conductivity or significant loss of shape retention,
  • FIG. 2 may exhibit a stress-strain relationship as shown in FIG. 3.
  • the conductive narrow fabric tape stretches approximately 1.3% when subjected to a force of 0,33 Newtons (N), approximately 9.5% when subjected to a force of 0.95 N, approximately 20.25% when subjected to a force of 1.65 N, approximately 40% when subjected to a force of 2.54N, and so on.
  • the conductive wires 31 and 33 may be a monofilament, multifilament, twisted multifilament yarn or a thread with, for example, a count of 0.02-0.42mm (44- 330 decitex (dtex)), wherein a decitex is unit of measure for the linear mass density of fibers, yarns and thread and is defined as the mass in grams per 10,000 meters.
  • the conductive wires 31 and/or 33 may include materials such as Al, Cr, Ti, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ag, Sn, W, Pt, Au, Al-alloy, Cr-alloy, Ti-alloy, Ni-alloy, Cu-alloy, Zn-alloy, Ag-alloy, Sn- alloy, W-alloy, Pt-alloy, Au-alloy, or combinations of the foregoing.
  • the conductive wires may be rigid conductor yarns.
  • the number of turns per meter with which the conductive wire 31 wraps the elastomeric yarn 32 as well as the draft of the elastomeric yarn 32 while being covered by the conductive wire 31 may be chosen to produce a composite yarn 3 suitable for an intended and specific application of the composite yarn 3.
  • the conductivity of the composite yarn 3 may be controlled .
  • the number of turns per meter is proportional to the thickness of the composite yarn; thus, a low number of turns per meter may improve the appearance of the garment as well as increase the comfort to the wearer in certain applications. Still further, the greater the number of turns per meter, the lower the stretchability of the resulting composite yarn 3. Additionally, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that, by controlling the draft of the elastomeric yarn 32 while it is being covered by the conductive wire 31, one may control the stretchability of the resulting composite yarn 3. Draft is proportional to the stretchability of the composite yarn; thus, an increase in the draft increases the stretchability of the composite yarn 3. Therefore, by controlling the above parameters, one may achieve the best
  • conductive wire 33 may be wrapped onto the elastomer yarn 32 in the opposite direction to wire 31.
  • FIG. 2 shows two conductive wires 31 and 33, respectively, the example of FIG. 2 may also utilize only a single conductive wire.
  • fabric 1 may comprise two insulation layers 2a and 2b that may be applied on opposite sides of the composite yarn 3. Each insulation layer 2a and 2b may be comprised of one layer or multiple layers.
  • FIG. 4 shows yet another example an enhanced conductive narrow fabric tape.
  • the conductive fabric 1 ' may include single layer insulation layers 2a ' and 2b' that are used to insulate the composite yarn 3 '.
  • the single insulation layers 2a ' and 2b' may each be a thermoplastic layer.
  • Advantages of using the single insulation layer 2a' and 2b' may i nclude decreased rigidity and/or reduced overall thickness of the conductive fabric 1 '.
  • FIG. 1 shows an example of a conductive narrow fabric tape in which the insulation layers 2a and 2b may comprise three layers of insu lation layers.
  • the three layered insulation layer 2a or 2b may com prise a thermoplastic layer 21, a thermoset layer 22, and another thermoplastic layer 23, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the insulation layers 21, 22 and 23 may be different materials.
  • the material of layers 21 and 23 may be a thermoplastic polyurethane, and layer 22 may be thermoset polyurethane.
  • Alternative materials for layers 21 and 23 include polyester thermoplastic polyurethane, polyether thermoplastic polyurethane, or polycaprolactone thermoplastic polyurethane.
  • the thermoplastic layers 21, 23 may be approximately 25.5 p m thick, and the thermoset layer 22 may be approximately 102 pm thick.
  • the thicknesses may be varied based on the intended use of the garment in which the conductive fabric 1 (or 1 ' of FIG. 4) is to be incorporated .
  • the three layered insulation layer arrangement of FIG. 1 enhances the strength and recovery from stretchi ng of the conductive narrow fabric tape 1 relative to a single layer arrangement of FIG . 4.
  • the conductive fabric When fabricating either the conductive fabric 1 of FIG. 1 or 1 ' of FIG. 4 according to the example of FIG. 1 or FIG. 4, the conductive fabric may be formed by arranging the composite wire 3 or 3' between the insulation layers 2a, 2b or 2a', 2b', respectively, and applying heat and pressu re.
  • a conti nuous heat and pressure machine 4 such as that depicted in FIG. 5 may be used .
  • FIG. 5 i llustrates a side view of a device for assembling a conductive narrow fabric tape, such as the examples shown in FIGs 1 and 4.
  • rollers 41 and 43 and belt 15 rotate in the direction of arrow B, i .e., clockwise.
  • Rollers 42, 44, and belt 16 rotate in the directions of arrow C, i .e. , counter-clockwise.
  • the assembly of insu lation films 2 and composite yarn 3 may be fed in the direction of arrow E between rollers 41 and 43 and belt 15 on the one hand and rollers 42 and 44 and belt 16 on the other hand, all of which apply a pressure in the d i rection of arrows D and D' .
  • Heat may be applied through one or both of foot plate 45 and bottom plate 46-
  • the temperatu re of the heat applied by the foot plate 45 and bottom plate 46 may be approximately 120- 170°C
  • the pressure applied may be approximately 1.0-3.0 bar
  • the speed of the assembly in the direction of arrow E may be approximately 0.5-2.0 m/min.
  • Care m ust be taken not to apply too g reat a temperature or too great a pressure, as either could cause a failure by rupturing the conductive narrow fabric tape 1, causing a short ci rcu it, or permitting water to enter the conductive narrow fabric tape 1.
  • temperatures above approximately 170°C and pressu res above approximately 4.2 bar shou ld be avoided .
  • the conductive narrow fabric tape 1 made using the device illustrated i n FIG. 5 may be between approximately 4 mm and 30 mm i n width .
  • the resistivity of the conductive wire such as 31 and
  • FIG. 6 shows this relationship between electrical resistance and extension of a conductive narrow fabric.
  • the graph of FIG. 6 has a vertical axis representing resistance in ohms ( ⁇ ) a nd a horizontal axis representing percent (%) extension.
  • the percent extension is a percentage of extension of the cond uctive narrow fabric tape from its un-stretched (or un-extended) state.
  • a conductive fabric when in its u n-stretched state may have an initial resistance of approximately 46 ohms per meter.
  • the resistance increases. For example, after being stretched approximately 10% extension, the resistance increases to approximately 53 ohms per meter ( ⁇ /m) .
  • the resistance reaches a maximum of approximately 60 ohms per meter when the conductive fabric is stretched to approximately 40% of its extension.
  • the conductive narrow fabric tape 1 may be fused to a garment by heat pressing using, for exa mple, a flat press or a continuous press.
  • the conductive narrow fabric tape 1 may be a rranged i n any direction on a garment and may be arranged, for example, along a seam of the garment. Because the conductive wires 31 and 33 are insulated, when multiple conductive narrow fabric tapes are incorporated into a single garment, the multiple tapes may intersect each other without short circuiting.
  • the conductive wire such as conductive wire 103 of FIG. 9, may be applied to one of the insulation layers, such as insulation layer 102 of FIG. 9, by a reciprocal single axis robot 200 as depicted in FIGs. 7 and 8.
  • the robot 200 may move in the +/-Y direction as the insulation layer 102 moves in the X direction. This results in the conductive wire 103 and 113 patterns shown in FIGs. 9 and 10, respectively.
  • the conductive narrow fabric tape such as 100 in FIG. 9 may stretch and thereby absorb tensile stresses in the X direction (see FIGs. 7 and 8) without failure.
  • the height H of the conductive wire 103 pattern in the Y direction may decrease when a tensile force in the X direction is applied.
  • the length L of the conductive wire 103 in the X direction may increase under the same force.
  • the conductive narrow fabric tape 100 including the conductive wire 103 can be stretched until it extends in substantially a straight line in the X direction. The amount of stretch in this configuration may be increased, for example, by increasing the frequency of the zigzags or waves of the conductive wire 103.
  • a conductive narrow fabric tape 100 may be formed by applying a conductive wire 103 between two layers of insulation 102 in a zigzag, sinusoidal, or similar pattern. Many patterns other than zigzag and sinusoidal may be employed so long as the conductive wire extends in both the X and Y directions.
  • the top layer of insulation 102 which may be transparent in some examples, is not shown in order to more easily depict the arrangement of the conductive wire 103.
  • the conductive wire 103 may only protrude from the sides of the conductive narrow fabric tape 100 as is illustrated in several of the conductive narrow fabric tapes of FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 10 shows a conductive narrow fabric tape 110 with conductive wire 113 arranged in a sinusoidal or zig-zag pattern with a wave density greater than that of conductive narrow fabric tape 100 shown In FIG. 9.
  • the conductive narrow fabric tape 110 shown in FIG. 10 may be stretched to a greater extent than that of conductive narrow fabric tape 100 shown in FIG. 9.
  • Patterns other than the sinusoidal patterns described above may also be used, for example, such as those depicted in FIG. 11.
  • FIG. 11 includes examples of conductive wire patterns that extend beyond the sides of the conductive narrow fabric tapes.
  • the portions of the conductive wires that extend beyond the sides of the conductive narrow fabric tape may be used as connection points for an electronic device or a sensor.
  • the conductive wires in the examples may be bare conductive wires.
  • the conductive narrow fabric tapes 1, 1 ', 100 and 110 may also be stretched in the Y direction.
  • the insulation layers 102 may be simultaneously stretched in both the X and Y directions.
  • the conductive wire 103 may be laid in any direction between the insulation layers 102.
  • a conductive narrow fabric tape 100 or 110 as shown in FIGs. 9 and 10, respectively, may have a thickness of approximately 200 pm, which provides for a thin profile. This thin profile allows these examples of conductive narrow fabric tape 100 or 110 to be attached to a garment or other fabric, such as a sail, tarp, furniture or the like, without being visible from a reverse side of the garment's fabric and without compromising the garment's appearance, the functionality of the garment, and/or comfort to a wearer.
  • the conductive narrow fabric tape 100 and 110 may be fused to a garment by heat pressing as described above.
  • the conductive narrow fabric tapes 1, 1 ', 100 and 110 are durable, which has been confirmed empirically.
  • the conductive narrow fabric tapes 1, 1 ', 100 or 110 exhibit high recovery after repeated cycles of stretching including the 30,000 cycle flex test.
  • Various sample sets of conductive narrow fabric tapes were tested.
  • One set of conductive narrow fabric tapes included the single layer insulation layers as described above with respect to FIG. 4, and another set of conductive narrow fabric tapes included the three layer insulation layers as described above with respect to FIG. 1.
  • the conductive narrow fabric tapes were fused to garments at a temperature of either approximately 145°C, 160°C, or 170°C.
  • the garments were subjected to flex tests.
  • the flex tests were applied to the conductive narrow fabric tapes alone, and to garments to which the conductive narrow fabric tapes were attached.
  • the 30,000 cycle flex test includes three rounds of 10,000 cycles for each round. In each cycle, the garments were stretched approximately 100% (i.e., to a length double the original length) and then returned to their normal length, The recovery (measure of the elastic deformation of the garments) was measured. After applying the insulation layers to the composite yarns, the recovery of the resulting tape was approximately 95% of the original length of the composite yarns.
  • a 95% recovery for a 100 cm sample means that the sample measured 105 cm after completing the flex test.
  • the recovery of the garment subjected to the same test was approximately 85%, or said differently, the original 100 cm sample measured 115 cm after the 30,000 cycle flex test.
  • the same 30,000 cycle flex test is applied to see the difference of the recovery for the conductive narrow fabric tape alone and for the conductive narrow fabric tape as applied, or attached, to a garment fabric.
  • a garment fusing temperature of approximately 170°C is not recommended if the conductive narrow fabric tape has an insulation layer including a polyurethane thermoplastic fil m and thermoset layer because this temperature is near the limit where the polyu rethane thermoplastic film and thermoset layer of the insulation layer may begin to deteriorate. As such, fusing temperatures below approximately 160°C are preferred .
  • FIGs. 1 and 4 are resi lient after washing machine washings.
  • Various sample conductive narrow fabric tapes were tested .
  • One set of conductive narrow fabric tapes such as conductive narrow fabric tape 1 ', included the single layer insulation layers as described above with respect to FIG. 4.
  • Another set of conductive narrow fabric tapes such as conductive na rrow fabric tape 1, i ncluded the three layer insulation layers described above with respect to FIG. 1.
  • the conductive narrow fabric tapes were fused to garments at a temperature of approximately 145°C, 160°C, or 170°C. The garments were subjected to the five washings using approxi mately 60°C water.
  • FIG. 14 Other examples as shown in FIG. 14, also envision varying the X pitch and/or Y pitch of the conductive wires, which varies the heig ht and/or frequency (i.e., wave density) of a pattern, such as zigzags or sinusoidal waves. Controlling the X pitch and/or Y pitch may be accomplished by controlling the parameters of robot 200 of FIGs. 8 and 9. As another example, the robot 200 may be programmed to produce straight sections of conductive wi re between patterned sections, as shown in FIG. 15. Such straight sections 1520 may be employed in non-stretching areas of a garment or to facilitate connection of one or more of the conductive wires to an electronic device or a sensor. Of course, one of ordi nary skill in the art would understand that the length of the straight section 1520 may be varied to suit the desired functionality.
  • an indicator yarn may be added to the conductive narrow fabric tape of FIGs. 9 and 10.
  • the conductive fabric 1200 includes insulating layers 1205, a first conductive wire 1201, a second conductive wire 1202 and a yarn 1203 closer to the first conductive wire 1201 than the second conductive wire 1202.
  • the ya rn 1203 may be a different material than the conductive wires 1201 and 1202.
  • the yarn 1203 may be colored, have a different texture, or diameter tha n the conductive wires 1201, 1202.
  • the composite yarn 1203 is not conductive, but may be used to identify and differentiate, the polarity of the conductive wires 1201 a nd 1202, for example, by color-coding the polarity of the conductive wires 1201 and 1202. Alternatively or in addition to the polarity
  • the composite yarn 1203 may also function to limit the stretch of the conductor wi res 1201 and 1202 and insulating layers 1205.
  • FIG. 13 shows a conductive fabric 1300 that i ncludes insulati ng layers 1305, a first conductive wire 1301 , a second conductive wire
  • the yarn 1303 may have properties that differentiate it from conductive wires 1301, 1302.
  • the yarn 1303 may perform functions similar to those described above with respect to composite yarn 1203.
  • the yarn 1303 may be a colored, non-conductive yarn that is disposed substantially on one of the two conductive wires.
  • the ya rn 1303 is disposed adjacent to and tracks the first conductive wire 1301.
  • the yarn 1303 may be used to identify, and differentiate, the polarity of the conductive wires 1301 and 1302. Additionally, the yarn 1303 may be selected such that it limits the stretch of the conductive narrow fabric tape as a whole. In other words, the yarn 1303 may have properties that limit the stretch of yarn 1303 to less than the conductive wi res 1301 and 1302. Alternatively, the yarn 1303 may be shorter than the conductive wires 1301. This may prevent the conductive wires 1301 and 1302 of the conductive fabric 1300 from being overly-stretched or damaged.
  • FIG . 16 illustrates an example of a reinforced conductive fabric with strain relief.
  • the conductive fabric 1600 is a reinforced version of conductive fabrics that is produced by incorporating a knitted structure in addition to the stretch limiting yarn 1603 such as shown in FIGs 12 and 13.
  • the reinforced conductive fabric 1600 includes outer insulating layers 1605, a first conductive wire 1601 , a second conductive wire 1602, and a knitting structure comprised of yarns 1618a, 1618b, 1616, 1614b and 1614a (collectively referred to as 1607) .
  • the knitti ng structure may be constructed of a thermoplastic polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, rubber, cotton, viscose, paper fiber yarn, a metallic yarn, or combinations thereof.
  • the reinforced conductive narrow fabric tape 1600 may also include an indicator ya rn 1603, which may track conductive wire 1601 or may extend linearly along the tape.
  • the knitting structure 1607 (shown as parallel dashed lines) keeps the zig-zag design of the conductive wires 1601 and 1602 from being pulled to maximum length.
  • the knitting structu re 1607 yarns 1618a, 1618b, 1616, 1614b and 1614a may comprise nylon/ polyester pre-dyed yarn and/or synthetic/natu ral rubber.
  • the knitting structure 1607 yarns 1618a, 1618b, 1616, 1614b and 1614a are depicted as warp yarns that extend over a nd under the conductive wires 1601 and 1602.
  • the conductive yarns together with yarn 1603 may behave as a weft of the knitted structure.
  • the knitting structure 1607 affords additional protection to the conductive wires 1601 and 1602 to mitigate damage due to potential stretch impact as compared to the examples illustrated in FIGS . 12 and 13.
  • the knitting structure 1607 may be produced with the aid of a crochet knitting machine to wrap the knitting structure yarns 1618a, 1618b, 1616, 1614b and 1614a, which may be laminated with a three layer film as in previous examples, such as shown in FIG . 1.
  • the reinforced knit yarns 1618a, 1618b, 1616, 1614b and 1614a improve stability.
  • the equally spaced yarns in the knitted structure 1607 may more evenly distribute the stretch modulus across the width of the conductive pathway than other designs.
  • the knitting structure yarns 1618a, 1618b, 1616, 1614b and 1614a enable very narrow width, high-stretch conductive pathways.
  • the zig-zag frequency may be adjusted to accommodate the design or patterns of the knitting structure yarns 1618a, 1618b, 1616, 1614b and 1614a .
  • the minimum width of a single zig-zag pathway may be approximately 3mm and the maximum stretch (without failure), or extension (without failure), may be up to approximately 300%.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates a single conductor example of a conductive narrow fabric tape that incorporates a knitting structure.
  • the conductive narrow fabric tape 1700 includes insulating layers 1705, a conductive wire 1701 and a knitting structure formed from yarns 1704a, 1704b and 1704c.
  • an indicator yarn 1703 may be included in the conductive narrow fabric tape 1700 to indicate a stretch modulus or some other property of the of the conductive narrow fabric tape 1700.
  • the knitting structure yarns 1704a, 1704b and 1704c may also provide protection from overstretching of the conductive wire 1701 and also aid in the shape retention of the conductive narrow fabric tape 1700.
  • the knitting structure 1707 incorporated into the example conductive narrow fabric tape 1700 illustrated in FIG. 17 provides similar benefits as the knitting structure 1607 described above with reference to FIG. 16.
  • FIG. 18 illustrates an example that identifies areas, referred to as peak transition areas, of a conductive wire that are impacted the greatest in response to stretching of a conductor wire within a narrow fabric tape.
  • the peak transition areas marked with vertical lines 2113, 2115, 2117 and 2119 of conductor 2111 are highly susceptible to breakage and, as a result, loss of conductivity.
  • the peak transition areas i.e., the crests and troughs of the sinusoidal wave pattern of the conductive wires
  • FIGs. 18, 19A and l9B may be further strengthened by a knitting structure by having three supporting loops surround a conductive yarn at each peak transition area to provide additional reinforcement when utilizing the knitted structure 2107.
  • FIG.19A illustrates a knitted reinforcement of a dual conductive pathway in a fabric laid over a graphic for purposes of explanation.
  • the heavy dashed line 2101 and the bolded solid line 2103 are the dual conductive yarns.
  • the conductive yarns are laid in a zig-zag design.
  • top most peak transition area and bottom most peak transition area are referred to as 2-4, identified by M, and 9-11, identified by N, respectively.
  • the conductive pathway, 2101 and 2103 is laid diagonally in graphic range of 5-8 and it gives stretchability to the structure.
  • the top (2-4 or M) peak transition area and bottom (9- 11 or N) peak transition area are almost parallel with the warp direction and minimally contribute to stretchability of the structure. Peak transition areas M and N have the highest strain along the conductor, when stretched or extended.
  • FIG. 19B is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 19A.
  • warp yarn 2110 initially includes a number of loops, such as, for example, three loops.
  • the conductive yarn 2101 may be captured by the loops of warp yarn 2115 as well as the initial loops of the upmost warp yarn 2110.
  • conductive yarn 2101 is then captured by additional loops (two loops in this illustrated example) created by the adjoining second warp yarn 2112 (6-7), then again captured by three loops of the third warp yarn (9- l l)(not shown in as much detail as 2-4 but is the inverse of the arrangement shown in FIG. 19B).
  • This same design continues after the this stage and throughout the design of the conductive narrow fabric tape 2222. For example, in FIG.
  • conductive wires 2101 and 2103 at positions 2, 3, 4 are, for example, the locations of the three loops of the M tip as shown in FIG. 19B of the conductive wires and the three loops at positions 9, 10 and 11 of the N tip of conductor 2101 and 2103.
  • the loops created by warp yarn 2110 as shown in FIG. 19B also may secure elastic yarn 2120.
  • the zig-zag, or sinusoidal, pattern of the elastic yarn 2120 may be approximately 180 out of phase with the conductor 2101.
  • the loops, such as those shown in FIG. 19B, at positions 2, 3, 4 distribute the stress from a single point of the crest such as that shown at 2113 of FIG. 18 to multiple, less obtuse curves of the conductive wire 2101 or 2103.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Woven Fabrics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne une bande de tissu étroite conductrice électrique flexible. La bande conductrice de tissu étroite comprend un fil conducteur électrique entre deux couches d'isolation. Le fil conducteur électrique peut être disposé dans diverses configurations prises en sandwich entre les couches d'isolation. Le fil conducteur électrique peut être posé dans un motif en zigzag, sinusoïdal ou similaire entre les deux couches d'isolation.
PCT/US2016/014320 2015-01-21 2016-01-21 Tissus étroits à chemins conducteurs électriques étirables pour textiles/vêtements intelligents WO2016118746A1 (fr)

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US201562106008P 2015-01-21 2015-01-21
US62/106,008 2015-01-21
US201562202501P 2015-08-07 2015-08-07
US62/202,501 2015-08-07

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WO2018015420A3 (fr) * 2016-07-21 2018-03-01 Sanko Tekstil Isletmeleri San. Ve Tic. A.S. Vêtements de capture de mouvement, système et procédé de capture de mouvement à l'aide de jeans et d'autres vêtements
WO2019110291A1 (fr) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-13 Amohr Technische Textilien Gmbh Bandes élastiques, électroconductrices, textiles
JP2019218676A (ja) * 2018-06-14 2019-12-26 鳥光　慶一 導電性材とこれを備える電気的素子、センサ
EP3637961A1 (fr) * 2018-10-10 2020-04-15 Nokia Technologies Oy Fils conducteurs et procédés de formation de fils conducteurs
CN111304802A (zh) * 2020-02-27 2020-06-19 张家港市三达氨纶纱线有限公司 一种电热装置与弹性纤维混合编织的可多向拉伸的面料
WO2020139199A1 (fr) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-02 Mas Innovation (Private) Limited Câble de communication de données et procédé de fabrication d'un tel câble
US20210172101A1 (en) * 2017-12-01 2021-06-10 Mas Innovation (Private) Limited Textile and manufacturing method thereof
US12024802B2 (en) * 2017-12-01 2024-07-02 Mas Innovation (Private) Limited Textile and manufacturing method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018015420A3 (fr) * 2016-07-21 2018-03-01 Sanko Tekstil Isletmeleri San. Ve Tic. A.S. Vêtements de capture de mouvement, système et procédé de capture de mouvement à l'aide de jeans et d'autres vêtements
EP3272281A3 (fr) * 2016-07-21 2018-05-30 Sanko Tekstil Isletmeleri San. Ve Tic. A.S. Vêtements de capture de mouvement et système et procédé de capture de mouvement au moyen de jeans et d'autres vêtements
US11886627B2 (en) 2016-07-21 2024-01-30 Sanko Tekstil Isletmeleri San. Vetic. A.S. Motion capturing garments and system and method for motion capture using jeans and other garments
US20210172101A1 (en) * 2017-12-01 2021-06-10 Mas Innovation (Private) Limited Textile and manufacturing method thereof
US12024802B2 (en) * 2017-12-01 2024-07-02 Mas Innovation (Private) Limited Textile and manufacturing method thereof
WO2019110291A1 (fr) * 2017-12-08 2019-06-13 Amohr Technische Textilien Gmbh Bandes élastiques, électroconductrices, textiles
JP2019218676A (ja) * 2018-06-14 2019-12-26 鳥光　慶一 導電性材とこれを備える電気的素子、センサ
JP7377012B2 (ja) 2018-06-14 2023-11-09 慶一 鳥光 導電性材とこれを備える電気的素子、センサ
EP3637961A1 (fr) * 2018-10-10 2020-04-15 Nokia Technologies Oy Fils conducteurs et procédés de formation de fils conducteurs
WO2020074778A1 (fr) * 2018-10-10 2020-04-16 Nokia Technologies Oy Fils conducteurs et procédés de formation de fils conducteurs
WO2020139199A1 (fr) * 2018-12-28 2020-07-02 Mas Innovation (Private) Limited Câble de communication de données et procédé de fabrication d'un tel câble
CN111304802A (zh) * 2020-02-27 2020-06-19 张家港市三达氨纶纱线有限公司 一种电热装置与弹性纤维混合编织的可多向拉伸的面料

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